中考英语复习课本知识
八年级下
TPMK standardization office【 TPMK5AB- TPMK08- TPMK2C- TPMK18】
2010中考英语复习课本知识整理八年级下
Unit 8 Why don't you get her a scarf 【知识梳理】
【课文解析】
1. How about … ?
What about … ?
这两种句式都可以用来向他人提出建议，表示“……怎么样？” “你认为……如何？”，后面连接名词或者动名词（动词ing形式）。例如：
How about going to the movies? 去看电影怎么样？
What about a lovely dog? 一个可爱的小狗你认为如何？
2. Why don’t you …?
Why not …?
这两种句式都是反问语气，表示“为什么不……”，也可以用来向别人提出建议，后面连接动词原形。例如：
Why don’t you go with us? = Why not go with us?为何不跟我们一块呢？
10. pro n 赞成；赞成的理由
con n. 反对，反对的理由
例如：pro-American 亲美派
the pros and cons 正反两面的意见
11. much too “太，过于……”，修饰形容词副词
too much “太多……”，修饰不可数名词
too many “太多……”，修饰可数名词例如：
The street is much too crowded. 大街上太挤了。
Don’t spend too much money on clothing.不要花太多的钱在衣着上。
There are too many monkeys for me to count. 猴子太多，我数不过来。
12. present n.礼物
present指礼物的一般性用语，gift是稍正式的用法。另外，present还可以作为形容词，表示“现在的；出席的”。
语法知识
（一）如何给别人提出建议和意见的常用句型
1、询问对方意见：What shall we do tonight?
询问对方意见的说法还有：
What should I…?( should表示请求、征询对方意见)
eg.: What should I get my dad for his birthday? 我该送给爸爸什么作为他的生日礼物呢？
What should I get my sister for her birthday?
2、提出建议： How about (doing something?) going to a movie?
eg. : What shall we do this afternoon?
How about going for a walk?
提出建议的句型还有：
1）what about…? （about是个介词，可跟名词或动名词）
2）How about…?
eg.: How about a watch? 一块手表怎么样？
How/what about the photo album? 一个像册怎么样？
How/what about going to the theatre?
How about getting her a scarf? 买条围巾送给她怎么样？
3）Why don’t you do something?
4) Why not do something?
5) You should/could do something.
6) You should (not) do something.
7) You’d better (not) do something.
8) What about doing sth?
eg.: Why don’t you buy a sweater?
Why not get a digital camera?
You should/could take some exercise every day.
You shouldn’t eat too much.
It’s very hot today. You’d better stay at home.
You’d better not quarrel with others.
What about going out for a picnic?
在提出建议做什么事情之后，就会有人发表看法进行比较。如：How about Star Wars?
That’s a great movie! I heard the Star Wars is pretty good.
3、发表看法时可以用That’s这个句型。
eg.: That’s too expe nsive.
That’s too boring.
That’s too personal. 那太个性化了。
That’s too not interesting enough. 那不够有趣。
That’s too not friendly enough. 那不够友好。
表示看法或意见的说法还有：
Good idea.
It sounds good/great.
She’ll like it. 她会喜欢这个的。
在发表看法时，还可以用感叹句来表示：What a lucky girl! 多么幸运的女孩！（二）感叹句
感叹句可由what或how引导，what后面感叹的部分中心词为名词，而how感叹的部分一般为形容词或副词。在一个句子中，感叹的部分提到what或how的后边，其余成分不变。注意主谓不倒装。
eg.: What a beautiful flower this is! （原句为：This is a beautiful flower.）
How smart they are! （原句为：They are smart.）
Do you like small animals?
常见的大家认为比较可爱的动物有: dog, cat, goldfish, parrot, turtle(乌龟), hamster(仓鼠)
比较scary的动物，如：mouse, spider(蜘蛛), snake, lizard(蜥蜴)等。
They need a lot of love. And you should have enough time to spend with them. （三）现在完成时
What’s the best gift you have ever received? 你曾经收到过的最好的礼物是什么？“you have ever received”是现在完成时的定语从句。
1、现在完成时的构成：have/has + 动词过去分词。
2、现在完成时的用法：主要有两种含义：
一是强调某一发生的动作对现在产生的影响以及造成的结果；第二个意义是到现在为止这一时期中发生的动作或者情况。现在完成时常常与already, yet, just, ever, never, since, for或包括现在在内的时间状语连用，也可以不用状语连用。eg.: He has (already) come.
Have you ever bought a birthday present for your sister?
What’s the best gift Susan has ever received?
现在完成时和现在完成进行时的侧重点不同：现在完成时侧重的动作产生的效果；而现在完成进行时侧重动作持续的时间。
eg.: How many pages of the novel have you read?(侧重效果)
How long have you been reading the novel?(侧重持续的时间)
（四）其它知识点
1、enough的用法：形容词 + enough
enough + 名词
eg.: That’s not special enough. 那不够特别
That’s not creative enough. 那没什么创意。
They don’t get enough gifts. 他们没有得到足够的礼物。
I don’t have enough time to spend with her. 我没有足够的时间和她在一起。
此外，enough还可以说：
It’s enough to make her happy. 这足以让她很高兴。
也可以说：enough for somebody to do sth.
Eight hundred yuan is enough for me to buy an MP3
2、too… to…结构：同样表示程度的一个结构：too… to…,太……而不能……（表示否定）to后面必须跟动词原形
eg.: It’s too difficult for me to carry the box.
He’s too young to go to school.
3、so…that…结构：too… to…结构可用so…that…(表示肯定，that后跟从句)来代替.
eg.: It’s so difficult that I can’t carry the box.
He’s so young that he can’t go to school.
（五）各国送礼的习俗：Gift giving is different in different countries.
在日本，人们喜欢送一些很特别的礼物(special gift),而收到礼物的人一般都不会打开，他可能把这件礼物转送给另外一个人（someone else）。
在加拿大人们一般不会送很贵重的礼物，他们可能会买一张长椅（a bench）或一棵树来纪念某个人。
单元测试题
Ⅰ．根据句意和首字母完成单词
1．How’s the w____________ in Beijing?
2．It often s____________ in the north of China in winter，and the weather is very cold．
3．They are in France on v____________ today．
4．Can I take p____________ of you?
5．It’s s____________ today．Let’s go out to play volleyball．
6．There are many people t____________ photos in the zoo．
7．Thank you for j____________ us in the party．
8．There are some people l____________ on the beach．
9．It’s very cold today．Many people are wearing coats and s____________．10．I am s____________ they can play in this heat．
____________ are talking．
A．Other B．Others C．The other D．The others
( )11．Jim with his parents ____________ there．
A．are taking photos B．is taking photos
C．take photos D．are takeing photos ( )12．—Who’s cooking?
—____________．
A．Linda does B．Linda is C．Linda has D．Linda’s
( )13．—____________?
—It’s windy．
A．How is it going B．How is the weather
C．How is it like D．Do you like the weather
( )14．—Tigers can eat people．
—That sounds ____________．
A．really B．terrible C．well
D．usually
( )15．—Hello! ____________ Lisa．Is that Linda speaking?
—Sorry，she is not at home．
A．This is B．I’m C．That is
D．She is
Ⅲ．句型转换
1．Mary is watching TV．(对画线部分提问)
____________ ____________ Mary ____________?
2．It’s sunny in Beijing．(对画线部分提问)
____________ the ____________ in Beijing?
3．They are playing volleyball on the beach．(改为一般疑问句)
____________ they ____________ volleyball on the beach?
4．It’s snowing．(改为否定句)
It ____________ ____________ snowing．
5．What’s the weather like in Shanghai?(改为同义句)
____________ the weather in Shanghai?
6．It’s sunny today．(改为同义句)
It’s a ____________ ____________ today．
7．They look cool．(改为一般疑问句)
____________ they took cool?
8．Everyone is enjoying themselves．(改为同义句)
Everyone is ____________ a good ____________．
9．I read a book when it rains．(对画线部分提问)
What ____________ you ____________ when it rains?
10．He does his homework every day．(时间用now替换)
He ____________ ____________ his homework now．
Ⅳ．根据汉语完成句子
1．看! 他们在看电视。
Look! They are ____________ ____________．
2．纽约的天气怎么样?
How’s the ____________ in New York?
3．男孩子们正在打篮球。
The boys are ____________ ____________．
4．你喜欢玩电脑游戏吗?
Do you like to ____________ ____________ ____________?
5．情况怎么样?
____________ it ____________?
6．孩子们在公园里玩得很高兴。
The children are ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ in the park．
7．这儿有很多人在度假。
There are many people here ____________ ____________．
8．吉姆正在动物园里给大象拍照。
Jim is ____________ ____________ of the elephants in the zoo．9．他们能在这么热的天气下玩我觉得很惊讶。
I am ____________ they can play in this ____________．10．这群人躺在沙滩上．
The group of people are ____________ on the ____________．Ⅴ．根据首字母提示完成短文
B：What’s he like?
A： 5 He likes telling stories．
1．____________ 2．____________ 3．____________ 4．____________
5．____________
Ⅶ．完形填空
A．Dad，shall we go to the park tomorrow?
B： 1 ，if it is fine．
A：But dad，look 2 the sky．Things are not good．There are so many clouds and it is 3 ．
B：Then we have to 4 at home．
A：What about making a phone 5 ? The number is 121．
B：OK．
Phone：Good morning，everyone! Here is the 6 report for the 7 two
days．Today Beijing will be 8 ．Tomorrow it will be better，and the
temperature(温度)is 23℃to 28℃．
A：Great．We can go to the park tomorrow．
B：But you must finish your 9 ．Remember： 10 comes first．
( )1．A．Sure B．Sorry C．Excuse me D．Thanks
( )2．A．for B．after C．at D．of ( )3．A．wind B．windy C．rain
D．raining
( )4．A keep B．look C．stay
D．buy
( )5．A．call B．calling C．called D．calls
( )6．A．weather B．listening C．news D．watch ( )7．A during B．next C．one
D．second
( )8．A．rainy B．rains C．wind D．sun ( )9．A．homework B．TV C．games
D．play
( )10．A．Study B．Playing C．Games D．TV
Ⅷ．阅读理解
Canberra is the capital city of Australia．It is a beautiful city and the weather there is nice．At the beginning of spring(春天)，it’s very cool and it rains sometimes．At the end of spring it is very warm．It is very hot in summer．People like going to the beach in summer because it is windy there and the sea is very cool．In fall(秋季)，it is very warm and the trees are orange and brown．They look very beautiful．In winter，it snows sometimes．People like to go skiing (滑雪)every winter．
请根据短文内容判断正(T)误(F)。
( )1．The weather in Canberra is very nice．
( )2．It is always raining in spring in Canberra．
( )3．It is windy and cool in Summer in Canberra．
( )4．There are many orange trees in Canberra．
( )5．People like going to the beach in summer．
Ⅸ．书面表达
在冬季，你的家乡天气怎么样?人们在这样的天气里都在干什么?请根据提示写一篇介绍你们家乡天气的短文，50词左右。
winter，windy and cold，wear coats and scarves，have a good time，in the park，sing，dance，play soccer，take photos
_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________
中考链接
完成句子，每空一词(2008·北京)
1．该吃晚饭了。
It’s time to ____________ ____________．
2．你想来点儿面包吗?
Would you ____________ some ____________?
3．安太小，还不能上学。
Ann is ____________ young ____________ go to school．
4．约翰跑得和我一样快。
John runs ____________ fast ____________
me．
8．having，time
9．do，do
10．is doing 解析：把一般现在时改为现在进行时。
Ⅳ．1．watching TV 2．weather 3．playing basketball 4．play computer games 5．How’s，going 6．having a good time 7．on vacation 8．taking photos 9．surprised，heat 10．lying，beach
Ⅴ．1．December 解析：句意为：在十一月，十二月英国南部这时是冷的……。 2．cold 解析：句意为：在一月和二月我们也有冷的天气。
3．long 解析：long与short相对。句意为：夜晚非常长，白天很短。
4．snows 解析：句意为：有时下雪，主语it为第三人称单数，谓语snow加s变为第三人称单数形式。
5．lot 解析：“a lot+比较级”表示“……得多”，句意为：在三月，天暖和多了。 6．windy 解析：句意为：在四月，一直有风。
7．hot 解析：句意为：在夏天这儿不热。
8．rains 解析：主语it为第三人称单数，谓语变为第三人称单数形式rains。 9．weather 解析：句意为：我爱我的家乡，但是我不喜欢这儿的天气。
10．about 解析：what about…?……怎么样呢?
Ⅵ．1．B 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．C
Ⅶ．1．A 解析：句意为：当然可以，如果天气好的话。
2．C 解析：look at指有意识地看。
3．B 解析：windy在此为形容词，作is的表语，“有风的”。
4．C 解析：stay at home为固定词组“待在家”。
5．A 解析：make a phone call为固定词组“打电话”。
6．A 解析：weather report天气预报。
7．B 解析：the next two days未来两天。
8．A 解析：由Tomorrow it will be better…可知今天北京的天气不太好，rainy 为形容词，作be的表语。
9．A 解析：句意为：但是你必须完成你的作业。
10．A 解析：句意为：学习第一。
Ⅷ．1．T 解析：由文中第二句可知堪培拉的天气很好。
2．F 解析：由文中第三句可知应把always改为sometimes。
3．F 解析：由文中It is very hot in summer．可知在堪培拉夏天很热。
4．F 解析：文中没提到有很多橘子树。
5．T 解析：由文中People like going to the beach in summer可知人们喜欢夏天去海滩。
Ⅸ． In winter in Beijing，the weather is windy and cold．People wear coats and scarves．But everyone has a good time．In the park，girls sing and
dance．Boys play soccer．Others take photos．
中考链接
1．have supper 2．like，bread 3．too，to 4．as，as 5．helps，with