Unit Nine
Parenting
Word Bank
(academy->Police Academy) academic: adj. of a school, especially of higher learning; of scholarly (scholarship奖学金，助学金) performance学校的，学院的，学术的
affirm: v. to assert; confirm断言，证实，承认
(aggress->aggressor =invader) aggression (aggressive): n. the act of initiating (hostile->) hostilities or invasion侵犯，侵略，挑衅
(anthropology->) anthropologist: n. the scholar who studies the origin, the behavior, and the physical, social, and cultural development of human beings人类学家complement: v. to make sth. Complete补充，补足
complementary: adj. completing; supplying mutual needs补充的，补足的
consequence: n. effect; the result to its cause结果，因果关系的
deprive (sb. of sth.): v. to take sth. away from拿走，抢夺
directive: adj. straightforward; serving to direct (->director导演)直接的，指导的(obey->obedient->obedience<->disobey->disobedient) disobedience: n. refusal or failure to obey不服从，不顺从，违抗
distinct: different; clear不同的，明显的
(diverse->) diversity: n. (vary->) variety or multiformity 变化，多样性
enforce(->reinforce): to compel obedience to强制服从或遵守
(exploit->) exploitation: n. the act of employing to the greatest possible advantage 开发，开采，剥削
(expose to->) exposure: n. the act of exposing; influence暴露，受影响
facilitate (=help->facility设备设施): v. to make easy or easier使容易，使便利groom: v. to care for the appearance of; to make neat （tidy）and trim(vt./adj.)使整洁，打扮
hygiene: n. (=sanity) the promotion and preservation of health 卫生
interaction: n. the act or process of interacting相互作用
(intimate->) intimacy: n. the condition of being close in relation亲密
(muscle肌肉->masculine男性的->) masculinity: n. the quality and characteristic of a male男子气，阳刚气
modify: v. to change; to alter变更，修改
monster: n. an imaginary or legendary creature怪物
nurture: v. to nourish, to feed; to educate, to train给…营养，喂养，培养
(object->objective<->subjective) objectivity: n. the state of being objective 客观，客观性
(orient东方的) oriented: adj. directed导向性的
predatory: adj. living by preying on other organisms掠夺的，肉食的
(relate A to B->relation->) relational: adj. of kinship亲属关系的
roughhouse: v. to engage in rowdy behavior or play打闹，殴斗
sheer: adj. complete; absolute; pure 绝对的，完全的，纯粹的
sternly: adv. harshly; severely严厉地，严格地
(sym-=same; pathy=feeling)sympathy(sympathize with sb.): n. sharing the feelings of another同情，同情心
tickle: v. to touch (the body) lightly so as to cause laughter (笑声) or twitching movements; to tease or excite pleasurably使觉得痒，逗乐
(timid=shy->) timidity (timidate=frighten): n. lack of confidence; fear 胆怯，羞怯
: adv. orally; literally口头上地，言辞地
wrestle: v. to contend by grappling and, attempting to throw摔跤
Phrases and Expressions
cope with: =deal with; to handle处理；应对
due to: owing to由于
have access (通道) to: to have the right to approach, or to make use of接近权；享用权
in terms (术语, 学期) of: in relation to; with reference to根据；按照；就……而言
settle (->settlement) down: to begin living a stable and orderly life; to become less nervous or restless安顿下来；平静
Reading Comprehension
I. Choose the best for each of the following.
1. How can fathers and mothers provide good things to children that same-sex caregivers cannot? ( D )
A. By being adults in their children's lives.
B. By depriving of the benefits found in mothers and fathers
C. By differing parenting styles among people.
D. By cooperating and complementing between mothers and fathers.
2. According to Eleanor Maccoby, ___A__.
A. fathers and mothers teach children differently in dealing with life
B. fathers will not provide warm, nurturing care for an infant
C. mothers teach children the difference between men and women
D. fathers have a distinct style of communication and interaction with children
3. Children who roughhouse with their fathers ( A )
A. learn that biting, kicking and other forms of physical violence are not acceptable
B. learn self-control
C. are more physical and action oriented
D. need mom's softness
4. Which of the following can be categorized as "push limits"? ( D )
A. Expanding experiences and confidence.
B. Yelling "slow down, not so high, not so hard".
C. Causing disagreement between mom and dad.
D. Encouraging kids to climb higher, to ride faster.
5. Girls with involved "married fathers" ( A )
A. are more likely to have healthier relationships with males
B. build emotional security, and safety from other men and women
C. learn what masculinity is
D. cope with life differently
II. Complete the following (sum up求和-> summarize总结, 归纳) summary (小结) of the text by filling in the blanks with words. The initial letter of each word has been given to you.
Children (1) benefit from a mother and father's differing (2) parenting styles. Mothers and fathers bring to their children (3) different values. They are different in their parenting styles, in the way they (4) play with children, and in their (5) communication with children. Fathers (6) provide a look at the world of men; mothers, the world of women. And by (7) cooperating together and complementing each other in their differences they provide good things that same-sex caregivers cannot. Children who have daily (8) access to the different and complementary ways of mothers and fathers will have (9) confidence, independence, and security. They are more likely to have a (10) healthy respect for both women and men as they grow into adulthood. Vocabulary
I. Choose the answer that best completes each sentence.
1. She was ___A__ a normal childhood by the war.
A. deprived of
B. taken away
C. given up
D. got out
2. Roses in a silver bowl ___B__ the handsome (beautiful) cherry table.
A. comparison
B. complement
C. competition
D. compensation
3. Charles Darwin saw in the ___C__ of species (物种) the principles of (evolve->) evolution that operated to generate (=produce) the species: variation, competition and selection.
A. (divide->) division
B. (diverse->) diversion
C. diversity
D. (vary->) variation
4. We (meet->) met on two __B___ occasions. One was an academic conference; the other a party.
A. clear
B. distinct (different)
C. likely(possible)
D. notable (obvious)
5. The Internet, which covers the whole world, is increasing the __A___ of the people on the planet.
A. interaction
B. contract
C. interplay
D. interchange
6. Most vegetables we buy in winter are __C___ in the greenhouse.
A. natured (born to be)
B. cultivated (->culture文化)
C. nurtured (养育)
D. nourished (提供营养)
7. The students protested in front of American consulate (领事馆). They had no motives (动机) but those of ___B__ patriotism (爱国主义).
A. absolute(绝对的)
B. sheer (only纯粹的)
C. pure
D. complete
8. The children ___A__ while (they are) building forts (要塞) with toy bricks (砖).
A. roughhouse (fight)
B. handle
C. (pretense->)pretend
D. behave
9. The building is __D___ south and north.
A. allocated (assign分配)
B. guided (导游)
C. operated (操纵)
D. oriented (取…坐向)
10. His (fail->) failure in business is largely due to __A__.
A. timidity(胆怯)
B. quality(质量)
C. characteristics(特性特征)
D. behavior (行为)
II. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.
settle down facilitate
modify subtle
consequence verbally sympathy cope with academic instinct
have/has access to sternly
aggression systematically
nurture
1. Chinese national troops are on the alert against any possible aggression.
2. This government has systematically taken actions to renew its economy.
3. Most people have sympathy for the old lady for her (lose->lost->lost->) loss of the only son in the accident
4. He is a (journal=magazine->) journalist (新闻工作者->journalism新闻学) whose subtle views on the hard issues of our time are rooted in a tough mind (heart) and
5. I was (amuse逗人乐->) amazed (surprised) at her ability to cope with the difficult situation.
6. He is one of the few scientists in this military base who have access to the restricted area.
7. By the age of two most children have begun to communicate verbally (=orally).
8. Modern devices such as micro-wave oven facilitate domestic work, and free (vt. set sb. free) people to have more (entertain->) entertainments (娱乐).
9. This university is composed of five academic schools (department系).
10. The industrial revolution modified (alter<->) the whole structure of English-speaking society.
Translation
Put the following paragraph into English.
在只有母亲或只有父亲的家庭里长大的孩子将会极大地缺乏自信、独立及安全感。这羊的孩子极易出现性别识别错误、性虐待，女孩还易受到其他男人的性侵犯。他们长大成人后，很难对男人或女人有健康认识和尊重。
参考译文:
Children growing up in mother-only or father-only homes will suffer deeply in terms of lack of confidence, independence, and security. Such boys and girls will be at greater risk for gender confusion, abuse and exploitation from other men. They are less likely to have a healthy respect for both women and men as they grow into adulthood. Exercise
Fill in the gaps in the following sentences by using appropriate relative pronouns or adverbs.
1. The passengers and the suitcases that were still waiting had to be transferred (moved) to another plane.
2. The language through which this opposition (反对党) gained strength and organization was the key one of freedom and unity, not of oppression.
3. This fighter who loses his cool the first time he is hit will end up flat on his back on the canvas.
4. Science fiction emerges (appears) in this time when these two opposing groups have met and exchanged ideas.
5. The reason why they now charge more is that prices have kept rising.
6. Conservation is the very value that needs to be added to the old values.
7. We must know such symbols as are used to represent chemical elements.
8. The researcher encourages us to reach a state where work is an extension of what we naturally want to do.
9. There are very few but (except) admire his talents.
10. The author with whom all of us are familiar will visit our company.
Exercise
Turn the following sentences into Chinese.
1. Everyone acknowledges that Newton was a great man; yet few have more than the vaguest acquaintance with his living personality.
2. We don't deny that we lag far behind other advanced countries in science.
3. Not infrequently the primary meaning of a word dies away and the derivative meaning
remains.
4. Deprived as he was of the fluency of speech, we did not feel his kindness less.
5. They desire nothing but to enjoy the present moment.
参考译文：
1. 大家承认牛顿是一位伟大的人物，但是很多人对他生前的为人只有一个大概的了解。
2. 我们并不否认我们在科学方面远远落后于其他先进国家。
3. 常常一个词的基本意义消失了，而其它派生意义仍保留。
4. 他虽然丧失了流利说话的能力，我们仍然感受到了他的亲切。
5. 他们只希望今朝有酒今朝醉。
Bonus
Below are some expressions about agriculture.
mechanized farming机械化耕作
ranch大农场，牧场
animal husbandry畜牧业
horticulture园艺
fruit growing果树栽培
organic fertilizer有机肥料
compound fertilizer复合肥料
cross-breeding杂交育种
agricultural tractor农用拖拉机
pest control害虫防治
学位英语考试最常用的600个高频词汇 2007-11-02 11:09 1. abide by（=be faithful to ； obey）忠于；遵守。 2. be absent from…。缺席，不在 3. absence or mind（=being absent-minded）心不在焉 4. absorb（=take up the attention of）吸引…的注意力（被动语态）be absorbed i n 全神贯注于…近be engrossed in ； be lost in ； be rapt in ；be concentrated on ； be focused on ； be centered on 5. （be） abundant in（be rich in； be well supplied with）富于，富有 6. access（to）（不可数名词）能接近，进入，了解 7. by accident（=by chance， accidentally）偶然地，意外。 Without accident（=safely）安全地， 8. of one's own accord（=without being asked； willingly； freely）自愿地，主动地 9. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one's accord with 同…。不一致 10. with one accord （=with everybody agreeing）一致地 11. in accordance with （=in agreement with）依照，根据 12. on one's own account 1）为了某人的缘故，为了某人自己的利益 2）（=at one's own risk）自行负责 3）（=by oneself）依靠自己 on account 赊账； on account of 因为； on no account不论什么原因也不；of …account 有………重要性。 13. take…into account（=consider）把……考虑进去 14. give sb. an account of 说明，解释（理由） 15. account for （=give an explanation or reason for）解释，说明。 16. on account of （=because of）由于，因为。 17. on no account（=in no case， for no reason）绝不要，无论如何不要（放句首时句子要倒装） 18. accuse…of…（=charge…with； blame sb. for sth. ； blame sth. on sb. ； complain about）指控，控告
T h i r d E d i t i o n(第3版) interchange 剑桥国际英语教程 Jack C. Richards 词汇手册入门级 Unit 1 it’s nice to meet you afternoon n. 下午 again ad. 又，再 am (=’m) v. 是，在 and conj. 和，与 are (=’re) v. 是，在 book n. 书 (English / math) class n. （英语 / 数学）课 1 classmate n. 同班同学 country n. 国家；国土 evening n. 傍晚 famous a. 著名的 female n. 女子 first a. 第一的 first / last name 名字 / 姓 he pro. 他her a. 她的 2 his a. 他的 I pron. 我 in (my class) prep. 在（我的班）里is (=’s) v. 是，在 it pron. 它 last a. 最后的 male n. 男子 married a. 已婚的 3 math n. 数学 Miss n. (未婚)女士,小姐 morning n. 早晨 Mr. n. 先生 Mrs. n. 夫人，太太 Ms. n. 女士 my a. 我的 name n. 名字 nickname n. 绰号 4 night n. 夜晚 no ad. 不 oh int. 噢
our a. 我们的 phone n. 电话 phone number 电话号码popular a. 受欢迎的 she pron. 她 single a. 单身的 5 teacher n. 教师 (over) there ad. （在）那里too (=also) 也 yes 是 you 你，你们 your 你的，你们的 Unit2 What’s this? address 地址 address book 地址簿 bag 袋子，包 behind 在……后面 board 写字板 book bag 书包 box 盒子 7 briefcase 公文包（English）book （英语）书 café咖啡厅，快餐店 camera 照相机 car 汽车 cassette player 磁带放音机 CD player CD机 8 cell phone （=cellphone）手机chair 椅子 chopstick 筷子 clock 钟，时钟 desk 书桌 （English）dictionary （英文）词典DVD player DVD机 earring 耳环 9 encyclopedia 百科全书 eraser 橡皮 exercise 练习，训练 glasses 眼镜 gone 丢失的 great 好的，伟大的 10
《英语词汇学教程》参考答案 Chapter 1 1. The three definitions agree that lexicology studies words. Yet, they have different focuses. Definition 1 focuses on the meaning and uses of words, while definition 2 on the overall structure and history. Definition 3 regards lexicology as a branch of linguistics and focuses on the semantic structure of the lexicon. It is interesting to note that the three definitions use different names for the object of study. For Definition 1, it is words, for Definition 2 the vocabulary of a language, and for Definition 3 the lexicon. 2. (1) They can go into the room, and if they like, shut the door. (2) You boys are required to give in your homework before 10 o’clock. (3) I watch the football match happily and find it very interesting. 3. (1) W hen it follows ‘-t’ and ‘-d’, it is pronounced as [id]; (2) When it follows voiceless consonants, it is pronounced as [t]; (3) When it follows voiced consonants and vowels, it is pronounced as [d]. 4. (1) They are words that can be included in a semantic field of “tree”. (2) They represent the forms of the verb “fly” and have a common meaning. (3) They belong to a lexical field of “telephone communication”. (4) They are synonyms, related to human visual perception. Specifically, they denote various kinds of “looking”. 5. (a) 'blackboard: a board with a dark smooth surface, used in schools for writing with chalk (the primary stress in on black); 'blackbird: a particular kind of bird, which may not necessarily be black in color (the primary stress in on black); 'greyhound: a slender, swift dog with keen sight (the primary stress in on black); 'White House: the residence of the US President in Washington (the primary stress in on black). (b) 'black 'board: any board which is black in color (both words receive primary stress); 'black 'bird: any bird which is black in color (both words receive primary stress); 'grey 'hound: any hound that is grey in color (both words receive primary stress); 'white 'house: any house that is painted white (both words receive primary stress). 6. There are 44 orthographic words, i.e. sequences of letters bounded by space. There are 24 open class words and 20 closed class words. 7. (a) The ‘bull’ is literal, referring to a male bovine animal. (b) ‘Take the bull by the horn’is an idiom, meaning (having the courage to) deal with someone or something directly. (c) ‘Like a bull in a china shop’is an idiom, meaning doing something with too much enthusiasm or too quickly or carelessly in a way that may damage things or upset someone.
非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程 考试大纲 (试行稿) 《非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程考试大纲》(Non English Major Graduate Stu dent English Qualifying Test，简称GET)是根据《非英语专业研究生英语(第一外语)教学大纲(试行稿)》制定的。本大纲规定了硕士生英语学位课程通过考试的内容、形式、时间和计分。考试目的在于考核已修完研究生英语课程的学生是否达到教学大纲所规定的各项要求，以及实际掌握和运用英语的能力。 一、基础英语部分 本考试共有六个部分：听力理解(占15%)、词汇(占10%)、完形填空(占15%)、阅读理解(30%)、翻译(占20%)、写作(占10%)。分两份试卷：试卷一(Paperl)包括前四个部分，共80题；试卷二(Paper2)包括翻译和写作，共3题。全部题目按顺序统一编号。 第一部分听力理解(Part I Listening Comprehension)；听力理解部分主要测试考生掌握听力材料中心思想和主要内容的能力，判断对话情景、场合、人物关系、身份和说话人的意图及话语含义的能力。共15题，考试时间为15分钟左右。主要测试考生能否一遍听懂语速为每分钟120个词的对话和短文。本部分共有二节： A节(Section A)：共9题，每题为一段对话。问句后有15秒间隙，要求考生从所给出的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。 B节(Section B)：共6题，题目或为问句或为未完成的句子，分别安排在2—3篇听力材料之后。要求考生在15秒的间隙中从所给出的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。 第二部分词汇(Part I Vocabulary)：词汇部分主要测试考生运用词汇和短语的能力。测试教学大纲的词汇表、词组表及词根词缀表所覆盖的内容。着重测试研究生阶段所学的词和基础词的多种词性及词义搭配、易混词的区别及难词的认知。词汇与词组的比例为7∶3。共20题，分A、B两节，考试为10分钟。 A节(Section A)：共10题。每题为一英文句，句中有一词或固定词组下面划有横线，要求从所给的四个选择项中选出该划线词或词组的最佳同义词或最佳释义。 B节(Section B)：共10题。每题为一英文句，句子中有一个空白，要求从所给的四个选择项中选出最恰当的词或词组使该句成为逻辑合理、表达正确的英文句。 第三部分完形填空(Part III Cloze Test)：主要测试考生在语篇水平上的理解能力和实际运用语言的能力。测试内容可以是句型、结构，也可以是词汇、词组和习惯用语。共15题。考试时间为10分钟。测试的形式是在一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文(约200—250词)
Third Edition (第3版) interchange 剑桥国际英语教程 Jack C. Richards 词汇手册入门级 Unit 1 it’s nice to meet you afternoon n. 下午 again ad. 又，再 am (=’m) v. 是，在 and conj. 和，与 are (=’re) v. 是，在 book n. 书 (English / math) class n. （英语/ 数学）课 1 classmate n. 同班同学 country n. 国家；国土 evening n. 傍晚 famous a. 著名的 female n. 女子 first a. 第一的 first / last name 名字/ 姓 he pro. 他 her a. 她的 2 his a. 他的 I pron. 我 in (my class) prep. 在（我的班）里 is (=’s) v. 是，在 it pron. 它 last a. 最后的 male n. 男子 married a. 已婚的 3 math n. 数学 Miss n. (未婚)女士,小姐morning n. 早晨 Mr. n. 先生 Mrs. n. 夫人，太太 Ms. n. 女士 my a. 我的 name n. 名字 nickname n. 绰号 4 night n. 夜晚 no ad. 不 oh int. 噢 our a. 我们的 phone n. 电话 phone number 电话号码 popular a. 受欢迎的 she pron. 她 single a. 单身的 5 teacher n. 教师 (over) there ad. （在）那里 too (=also) 也 yes 是 you 你，你们 your 你的，你们的 Unit2 What’s this? address 地址 address book 地址簿 bag 袋子，包 behind 在……后面 board 写字板 book bag 书包 box 盒子 7 briefcase 公文包 （English）book （英语）书 café咖啡厅，快餐店 camera 照相机 car 汽车 cassette player 磁带放音机 CD player CD机 8 cell phone （=cellphone）手机 chair 椅子 chopstick 筷子 clock 钟，时钟 desk 书桌 （English）dictionary （英文）词 典 DVD player DVD机 earring 耳环 9 encyclopedia 百科全书 eraser 橡皮 exercise 练习，训练 glasses 眼镜 gone 丢失的 great 好的，伟大的 10 I bet 我认为…… in front of 在……前面 interesting 有趣的 key 钥匙 location 地点，场所 notebook 笔记本 now 好了（用于停顿或引起别人 注意） 11 on 在……前面 open 打开 pen 钢笔 pencil 铅笔 pocket 口袋 purse （女式）钱包
《英语词汇学教程》（2004 年版）练习答案 Chapter 1 7. Choose the standard meaning from the list on the right to match each of the slang words on the left. a. tart: loose woman b. bloke: fellow c. gat: pistol d. swell: great e. chicken: coward f. blue: fight g. smoky: police h. full: drunk i. dame: woman j. beaver: girl 8. Give the modern equivalents for the following archaic words. haply = perhaps albeit = although methinks = it seems to me eke = also sooth = truth morn = morning troth = pledge ere = before quoth = said hallowed = holy billow = wave / the sea bade = bid 12. Categorize the following borrowed words into denizens, aliens, translation loans, and semantic loans. Denizens: kettle, die, wall, skirt, husband Aliens: confrere, pro patria, Wunderkind, mikado, parvenu Translation loans: chopstick, typhoon, black humour, long time no see Semantic loans: dream Chapter 2 1. Why should students of English lexicology study the Indo-European Language Family? The Indo-European Language Family is one of the most important language families in the world. It is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East and India. English belongs to this family and the other members of the Indo-European have more or less influence on English vocabulary. Knowledge of the Indo-European Language Family will help us understand English words better and use them more appropriately. 2. Make a tree diagram to show the family relations of the modern languages given below.
学位英语考试大纲词汇depend v.（on, upon）依靠，依赖；信赖，相信；决定于，视…而定 deposit v.存放，储存n.存款 depth n.深度，厚度；（感情的）深厚，深切 deputy n.代理人，代表a.副的；代理的 deputy n.代理人，代表a.副的；代理的 derive v.取得，导出，起源 derive v.取得，导出，起源 descend v.下来，下降 describe v.形容，描写 description n.描述，描绘，形容 desert n.沙漠，不毛之地v.离弃，抛弃；擅离，开小差 desert n.沙漠，不毛之地v.离弃，抛弃；擅离，开小差 deserve v.应受，应得，值得 design v./n.设计 desirable a.称心的，期望得到的 desire v.愿望，渴望；要求n.愿望，欲望 desk n.书桌，办公桌；服务台，询问处 despair v.& n.绝望 desperate a.绝望的；不顾一切的，铤而走险的 despise v.看不起，轻视，鄙视 despite prep.不管，不顾；尽管n.憎恨，轻蔑 dessert n.正餐后的水果或甜食 destination n.目的地，终点 destiny n.命运；天数 destroy v.破坏，摧毁；消灭，扑灭；打破，粉碎 destruction n.破坏，消灭 detach v.分开，拆开，卸下 detail v.详细讲述，详谈n.详细的情况，细节；枝节，琐碎 detain v.耽搁，延误；扣留 detective n.侦探a.侦探的；探测的 determine v.决定；确定；测定 develop v.发展 development n.发展，形成；开发，研制；生长，进化 device n.装置，设备，仪表；方法，设计 devise v.设计，发明；计划
U n i t1P l e a s e c a l l m e B e t h. 语法点：A.含有be动词的特殊疑问句和一般疑问句及回答。 B. 代词主格 (I you him/her/it we you they) 形容词性物主代词（my, your, his/her/its, our, your, their）。 1.人们怎么称呼你？ What do people call you? 大家叫我Jim。 Everyone calls me Jim. 2.-我来自巴西，他呢？I’m from Brazil. What/How about him? -他也是。 So is he. 3.你的姓怎么拼写？ How do you spell your last name? S-I-L-V-A. 4.我们在同一个数学班。We’re in the same math class. 5.让我们去打个招呼。Let’s go and say hello. 6.首尔是什么样子的？What’s Seoul like? 它真的很漂亮。It’s really very nice. 7.日子过的怎么样？How’s it going? 非常好。 Pretty good. 8.我在去学校的路上。I’m on my way to school. / 他在回家的路上。 He is on his way home. 9.你有空么？ Are you free? 10.你和Beth在同一个班级么？ Are you and Beth in the same class? 11.你和你的好朋友同岁吗？ Are you and your best friend the same
《英语词汇学教程》参考答案 (注：参考答案仅供参考。有些题目的答案并非是唯一的) Chapter 1 1. The three definitions agree that lexicology studies words. Yet, they have different focuses. Definition 1 focuses on the meaning and uses of words, while definition 2 on the overall structure and history. Definition 3 regards lexicology as a branch of linguistics and focuses on the semantic structure of the lexicon. It is interesting to note that the three definitions use different names for the object of study. For Definition 1, it is words, for Definition 2 the vocabulary of a language, and for Definition 3 the lexicon. 2. (1) They can go into the room, and if they like, shut the door. (2) You boys are required to give in your homework before 10 o’clock. (3) I watch the football match happily and find it very interesting. 3. (1) when it follows ‘-t’ and ‘-d’, it is pronounced as [id]; (2) when it follows voiceless consonants, it is pronounced as [t]; (3) when it follows voiced consonants and vowels, it is pronounced as [d]. 4. (1)They are words that can be included in a semantic field of “tree”.
核心词汇 1.abandon抛弃a一个band绑带on在..上面bandit绑匪 2.burst.n.爆裂---blast，bomb，blow up explode go off 3.dis pose vi.除掉；解决；处理(of)---post岗位,邮编----position(位置) 4.blast.爆炸；气流vi.炸，炸掉 5.consume.消耗，耗尽con-----共同的，sum---总数 6.split.劈开；割裂；分裂a.裂开的---separate 7.advantage优势advance进步 8.spill.溢出，溅出，倒出 9.slip.滑动，滑落；忽略lip 10.alter.改变，改动，变更------change(chance机会)all 11.bacteria.细菌back背后的tero恐怖 12.breed.种，品种v.繁殖，产仔produce 13.bud get.预算v.编预算，作安排 14.candidate.候选人candy糖果，甜蜜的date日期 15.camp us.校园camp扎营us我们 16.liber al.慷慨的；丰富的；自由的lib 17.trans form.转变，变革；变换trans从一端到另一端form构成information信息 18.transmit.传播，播送；传递trans mit---meet会见 19.transplant.移植trans plant种植 20.trans port运输，运送n.运输，运输工具trans port码头
21.shift.转移；转动；转变电脑健盘有这个键 22.vary.变化，改变；使多样化very非常variation 23.vanish.消灭，不见die out extinction finish 24.swallow.吞下，咽下n.燕子s allow允许shallow浅的hollow空的 25.suspicion.怀疑，疑心suspect doubt 26.suspicious.怀疑的，可疑的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/ea15896630.html,d.温暖的，暖和的；温柔的，味淡的middle 28.tender.温柔的；脆弱的tend to倾向 29.nuisance.损害，妨害，讨厌（的人或事物）nonsance 30.in significant无意义的，无足轻重的；无价值的sign符号signify做标记significant有意义的 31.accelerate.加速，促进accel加速rate比率 32.absolute.绝对的，无条件的；完全的totally，entirely，completely 33.boundary.分界线，边界be bound to一定，开往 34.brake.刹车，制动器v.刹住（车）bra文胸（其作用是制止乳房下垂的） 35.catalog.目录（册）v.编目cata书籍logo标志 36.vague.模糊的，不明确的obscure guess 37.vain.徒劳，白费in vain 38.extinct绝灭的，熄灭的die out,vanish,distinct(different),
2016年成人学位英语考试必备词汇 动词 ask 问，要求，需要，邀请 advise 劝告，忠告，警告，建议 beg 请求、乞求 command 命令、指挥 decide 决定、判决 demand 需求、需要、查询、需求知道 deserve 应受、值得 desire 想望、期望、希望、请求 determine 决定、确定 insist 坚持、强调 order 命令、定购、定制 prefer 更喜欢、宁愿 propose 计划、建议、向……提议 request 请求、要求 require 需要、要求、命令 recommend 推荐、介绍、劝告、使……受欢迎 suggest 建议、提出、暗示、使想起 urge 催促、力劝 名词 Advice 忠告，建议，[商]通知 Decision 决定，决心，决议，结果，果断，坚定 Demand 要求，需求（量），需要 Desire愿望，心愿，要求 Order 次序，顺序，正常（工作）状态，秩序，会议规则，命令，定购，定单 Preference 偏爱，优先选择 Proposal 提议，建议 Requirement 需求，要求，必要条件，需要的东西，要求必备的条件 Recommendation 推荐，介绍（信），劝告，建议 suggestion 提议，意见，暗示，微量 形容词 Appropriate 适当的 Desirable 值得要的，合意的，令人想要的，悦人心意的 Essential 本质的，实质的，基本的，提炼的，精华的 Important 重要的，重大的，有权力的，有地位的 Impossible 不可能的，不会发生的，难以忍受的 Necessary 必要的，必需的，必然的 Natural 自然的，自然界的，关于自然界的，天生的，天赋的，普通的，正常的，简单自然的 Normal 正常的，正规的，标准的 Urgent 急迫的，紧急的 vital 生死攸关的，重大的，生命的，生机的，至关重要的，所必需的
试题二 第一部分选择题 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket（30％） 1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example A. lewd → ignoran t B. silly → foolish C. last → pleasure D. knave → boy 2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of: A. humour B. sarcasm C. ridicule D. all the above 3. The four major modes of semantic change are _____. A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradation B. extension, generalization, elevation and degradation C. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradation D. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation 4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called _____. A. synecdoche B. metonymy C. substitution D. metaphor 5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _____. A. adjectives B. attributes C. modifiers D. words 6. Grammatical context refers to _____ in which a word is used. A. vocabulary B. grammar C. semantic pattern D. syntactic structure 7. In the idiom 'in good feather', we change 'good' into 'high, full' without changing meaning. This change of constituent is known as _____ . A. addition B. replacement C. position-shifting D. variation 8. The word "laconic" is _____. A. onomatopoeically motivated B. morphologically motivated
苏州科技学院 非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程考试大纲 《非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程考试大纲》(Non-English Major Graduate Student English Qualifying Test，简称GET)是根据《非英语专业研究生英语(第一外语)教学大纲(试行稿)》制定的。本大纲规定了硕士生英语学位课程通过考试的内容、形式、时间和计分。考试目的在于考核已修完研究生英语课程的学生是否达到教学大纲所规定的各项要求，以及实际掌握和运用英语的能力。 本考试共有四个部分：听力理解(占20%)、阅读理解(占30%) 、翻译(占20%) 、写作(占30%)。分两份试卷：试卷一(Paper l)包括前二个部分，共40题；试卷二(Paper 2)包括翻译和写作，共3题。全部题目按顺序统一编号。 第一部分听力理解(Part I Listening Comprehension)：听力理解部分主要测试考生掌握听力材料中心思想和主要内容的能力；判断对话情景、场合、人物关系、身份和说话人的意图及话语含义的能力.共20题，考试时间为20分钟左右。主要测试考生能否一遍听懂语速为每分钟130个词的对话和短文。本部分共有二节: A节(Section A)：共10题，每题为一段对话。问句后有12秒间隙，要求考生从所给出的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。 B节(Section B)：共10题，题目或为问句或为未完成的句子，分别安排在3篇听力材料（含新闻英语）之后。要求考生在12秒的间隙中从所给出 的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。 第二部分阅读理解(Part II Reading Comprehension)：这部分的目的是测试学生通过阅读获取信息的能力，既要求准确，也要求有一定速度。主要测试下述能力： 1、掌握所读材料的中心思想、主要内容和细节； 2、对所读材料的内容进行一定的判断和推理； 3、理解某些词和句子的意义及上下文之间的逻辑关系； 4、领会作者的观点和判断作者的态度。阅读材料的选择原则： 1）题材广泛：可以包括社会、文化、科普常识，史地、日常生活知识、 人物传记等。所涉及的背景知识应能为考生所了解。 2）体裁多样：可以包括叙事、议论、描述、说明、应用文等。 3）文章应有一定的难度。 5、考试共20题，时间为40分钟。 测试要求考生阅读4篇材料。每篇材料后有5个问题。考生应根据文章内容从每题所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。
成人本科学士学位英语考试词汇重点[ 成人三级英语] 1. abide by （=be faithful to ；obey ）忠于；遵守。 2. be absent from ?。缺席，不在 3. absence or mind （=being absent-minded ）心不在焉 4. absorb （=take up the attention of 全神贯注于?近be engrossed in ）吸引?的注意力（被动语态）be absorbed i n ；be lost in ；be rapt in ；be concentrated on ；be focused on ；be centered on 5. （be）abundant in （be rich in ；be well supplied with ）富于，富有 6. access （to ）（不可数名词）能接近，进入，了解 7. by accident （=by chance ，accidentally ）偶然地，意外。Without accident （=safely ）安全地， 8. of one's ownaccord （=without being asked；willingly ；freely ）自愿地，主动地 9. in accord with 与?一致. out of one's accord with （=with everybody agreeing 同?。不一致 10. with one accord 11. in accordance with ）一致地（=in agreement with ）依照，根据 12. on one's own account 1）为了某人的缘故，为了某人自己的利益 2 ）（=at one's own risk ）自行负责 3 ）（=by oneself ）依靠自己on account 赊账；on account of 因为；on no account 不论什么原因也不；of ?account 有???重要性。 13. take ?into account （=consider ）把??考虑进去 14. give sb. an account of 说明，解释（理由）15. account for （=give an explanation or reason for （=because of ）由于，因为。 （=in no case ，for no reason ）解释，说明。 16. on account of 17. on no account ）绝不要，无论如何不要（放句首时 句子要倒装） 18. accuse?of ?（=charge?with ；blame sb. for sth. ；blame sth. on sb. ；complain about ）指控，控告 19. be accustomed to （=be in the habit of ，be used to ）习惯于。 20. be acquainted with （=to have knowledge of ）了解；（=to have met socially ）熟悉 21. act on 奉行，按照?行动；act as 扮演；act for 代理
Unit 1 backgrou nd n.出身，个人背景 be into （something）对（某物）感兴趣， 喜欢 bicycle n.自行车 （summer）camp n.（夏令）活动营地childhood n.童年，幼年时代 collect v.收集 comic book （儿童）连环漫画杂志competition n. 比赛degree n.学位follow v.跟着，跟随 get （i n trouble） v.惹上（麻烦） get （to know） v逐渐（知道） good （at） a擅长（某事）hero n.偶像immigra nt n.移民 in terest n.兴趣keep fit （为了保持强壮而）锻炼身体memory n.记忆，回忆messy a.脏的，不整洁的 movie star 电影明星neat a整齐的，整洁的occupatio n n.工作，职业online a.联机的，联线的 outdoor a.户外的personal ad 征友广告politics n.政治活动 possession n.所有物，财产professi onal a.职业的rabbit n.家兔refer v.提到，谈到regularly ad.经常 remember v.记得scrapbook n.剪贴薄skate v.滑冰，溜冰taste n.鉴赏力，品味toy n.玩具tree house 树上小屋two-story a.两层的 Unit 2 allow v.允许area n.地区 banq uet n.宴会 bicycle lane 自行车道bicycle stand 自行车支架bus lane 公共汽车道bus station 公共汽车站bus stop 公共汽车站bus system 公共交通系统cash machine 自动提款机cause v.导致，使发生certificate n.证书concern v.与相关 cost v. 花费coun ter n.柜台culture n.文化district n.地区duty-free a.免税的editor n.编辑 fewer ad.更少highway n.公路（tourist） information center （游客）信息中心less ad.更少地marvel n.奇迹more ad.更多motorist n.汽车驾驶员nature n.自然界n ewssta nd n.报刊亭nightclub n.夜总会not eno ugh 不够........ paradise n.乐园，乐土parking garage 公共停车库parking space 停车处pedestria n n.行人provide v.提供 rati ng n.等级 road n.道路rush hour 交通拥挤时间shopping mall （有屋顶的）大型购物商场sightsee v.观光sig n n.指示牌 sloga n n.标语solve v.解决（问题）stay （ope n） v.保持（营业）streetlight n.路灯