新概念英语第二册第78课课文以及课堂笔记（一）(2006-11-14 00:12:46)
分类：新概念英语
Lesson 78 The last one?
After reading an article entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves. I smoked with concentration and pleasure as I was sure that this would be my last cigarette. For a whole week I did not smoke at all and during this time, my wife suffered terribly.
I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temper and an enormous appetite. My friends kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars. They made no effort to hide their amusement whenever I produced a packet of sweets from my pocket.After seven days of this I went to a party. Everybody around me was smoking and I felt extremely uncomfortable. When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than I could bear. I took one guiltily, lit it and smoked with satisfaction. My wife was delighted that things had returned to normal once more. Anyway, as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking. He himself has done it lots of times!
第78课最后一根吗？
读完一篇题为《吸烟与健康》的文章之后，我点上了一枝香烟，来镇定一下自己紧张的神经。我聚精会神而又愉快地吸着这枝烟。因为我确信这是我最后一枝烟了。整整一个星期我根本没有吸烟。在此期间，我妻子吃尽了苦头。我具备了戒烟者通常表现出来的所有症状：脾气暴躁和食欲旺盛。我的朋友们不断地向我递香烟和雪茄。每当我从口袋里掏出一包糖果时，他们都毫不掩饰地表现出他们对此感到非常好笑。这样过了7天以后，我去参加一次聚会。我周围的每个人都在吸烟，我感到非常不自在。当我的老朋友布赖恩极力劝我接受一枝香烟时，我再也忍不住了。我内疚地接过一枝点上，心满意足地抽起来。一切又都恢复了正常，为此我妻子十分高兴。不管怎么说，正如布赖恩指出的那样，戒烟是世界上最容易的事情，他自己就已戒了很多次了！
课堂笔记：
1) entitle
an article entitled‘Cigarette Smoking and Your Health’,一篇题为《吸烟与健康》的文章。
在英语中，文章名与书名中的每个单词的第一个字母均大写，不在开头位置的连词、冠词、小品词除外。entitle 的含义为“给......题名／定名”，在这里是过去分词（短语）作定语。entitle 常用于被动语态：
The writer hasn't entitled his new book yet.
那位作家还没给他的新书写／取名。
She read a poem entitled "The Apple Tree"
她读了一首题为《苹果树》的诗
entitle sb to sth给予某人获得某事物或做某事的权利
You are entitled to collect the rental fee from the customers.
你有权利去收取客户的房租。
This ticket doesn't entitle you to sit in first class.你这张票不能坐头等位。
entitlement授权，有资格
We have no record of your entitlement to free travel.我们没有让你免费旅行的记录。
2）lit 原形light lit lit （lighted，ligthed）lighted candel燃着的蜡烛
light a candle
light a cigarette
light up (with sth) 指人的脸等放光彩，容光焕发
Her eyes lit up with joy.她因喜悦而目光炯炯
3）calm adj.镇定的，安静的，无忧虑的
It is important to keep calm in an emergency.在紧急情况下保持镇静是很重要的。
the calm before the storm暴风雨前的宁静
v. calm (sb) down使某人平静，镇静
Just calm down a bit.你先静一静！
calmly 若无其事地
He walked into the shop and calmly stole a pair of gloves.他走进商店若无其事地偷了一副手套
4）nerves用复数表示神经紧张，神经过敏，神经质
She doesn't know what nerves are.她根本就不知道什么是神经紧张。
胆量，勇气
It takes nerve to be a racing driver.
当赛车手要有胆量
I wouldn't have the nerve to try anything so dangerous.我可没胆量做那么危险的事情。
What a nerve！脸皮真厚（what a shame）
get on sb's nerves刺激或烦扰某人
Stop singing!You are getting on my nerves.别唱了！弄得我心烦
hit/touch a (raw) nerve提及某人痛苦气愤等的事情，点到痛处
You hit a raw nerve when you mentioned his first wife 你曾提到他的前妻刺到了他的痛处。5）concentrate on sth 集中注意力做某事
6）suffer During this time, my wife suffered terribly.
在此期间，我妻子吃尽了苦头。
（1）vi. 受痛苦，受苦难；患病：suffer from/with/for
Do you often suffer from headaches?你常头痛吗？
She is suffering from loss of memory。她患有遗忘症
He made a rash decision. Now he is suffering for it.他做的决定太草率了，现在可吃到苦头（2）vt.经历或遭受（痛苦、损害等）：
Many people are suffering cold and hunger in that district.
那个地区许多人正受冻挨饿。
（3）变坏，变差，变糟
Your studies will suffer if you play too much football.你要是总踢足球，功课就会变糟了。suffering痛苦（肉体的或心理的）
There is so much suffering in this world.这个世界上有很多的痛苦。
7）I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temper and an enormous appetite. 我具备了戒烟者通常表现出来的所有症状：脾气暴躁和食欲旺盛。
a bad temper and an enormous appetite 为symptoms 的同位语。
giving up smoking 可以看做是someone 的定语，即someone who gives up smoking. symptom症状，（坏事的）征兆
You have a symptom of catching a cold你有患感冒的症状
enormous巨大的，极大的
an enormous amount of money巨款
appetite食欲，胃口
When I was ill I completely lost my appetite.我生病时完全没有食欲
He has no appetite for the fight.他毫无斗志。
8）My friends Kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars. 我的朋友们不断地向我递香烟和雪茄。keep on doing sth.表示“继续做某事”、“反复做某事”：
The child was crying loudly, but he kept on watching TV.
孩子在大声哭，但他却一直看电视。
He kept on phoning me
他不断地给她打电话。
9）They made no effort to hide他们毫不掩饰地。。。make effort to do sth 尽力做某事make no effort 表示“根本不作努力”。我们还可以说：
He made no effort to take the exam.他考试根本不努力。
make every effort尽一切努力
I will make every effort to arrive on time.我将尽一切努力准时到达。
She wrote the letter with/without effort.
她费力地／毫不费力地写了那封信。
Georeg made every effort to get/at getting the job.
乔治竭尽全力想得到那份工作。
10）produce sth (from/out of sth)掏出，拿出或出示某事物
Please produce your ticket for inspection.出示火车票以供检查
The man produced a knife from his pocket.那男人从他口袋里掏出一把刀
第78课课堂笔记（二）
11)urge urge sb to do sth 催促某人干某事。力劝某人做某事
They urged us to go at once他们催促我们马上去。
极力主张，强烈要求，力劝
My friends urged that I should apply for the job
朋友们力劝我申请那份工作。
He urged that they go to New York
他极力主张他们去纽约。
urge sb. on鼓励或激励某人，鞭策
We urged the school team on with loud cheers.
我们大声助威，激励校队拼搏
强调urge on/upon sb 对某人/某事强调
We urged on you the importance of the time factor. 我们曾向你方强调过时间因素的主要性。n.
强烈的欲望，冲动
The vacation is coming and I have an urge to travel.
假期快到了，我很急迫地去旅行。
冲动，强烈的欲望”。I had a sudden urge to tell the boss what I thought of him.
我突然想告诉老板我对他的看法。
12）it was more than I could bear. ...我再也忍不住了。
more than 后面跟一个从句或一个形容词时可以表示“超出”（多用于口语）：
He was more than pleased with his new room.
他对自己的新房间极其满意。
This was more than I had expected.
这超出了我的预料。
13）guiltily内疚地
guilty adj.
guilty of sth.有罪的
He was found guilty of murder他被判犯谋杀罪。
有過失的[(+of)]
The manager was guilty of an important misjudgment.
经理犯了一個重大的判断错误。
自知有過錯的,內疚的[(+about)]
I felt guilty after breaking my promise.
我违背诺言后感到内疚。
You look guilty. 你看上去心虚。
guilt n 有罪，罪状
The police established his guilt.警方认定他有罪。
guiltless of sth 无罪的，无辜的
14）delight
1. 欣喜,愉快[U]
To our delight, our football team won.
令我们高兴的是,我们的足球队贏了。
She ran back home with delight.
她兴高采烈地跑回家。
2。vt.1. 使高兴，愉快
I'm delighted that you are back.
你回來了,我很高兴。
We were delighted to read your novel.
我们很高兴拜读你的小说。
Her singing delighted everyone.
她的歌声使大家很愉快。
vi. delight in sth/doing sth
1. 喜爱，取乐[(+in)]
She delights in her work.
她喜愛她的工作。
14）
Anyway,as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking.不管怎么说，正如布赖恩指出的那样，戒烟是世界上最容易的事情。
it 为先行主语，代替后面的不定式短语to give up smoking。point out 为固定短语，表示“指出”、“指明”：
He pointed out the mistake to me.
他向我指出错误。
He pointed out that we still had to get a few other things.
他指出我们还需要／得再买一些其他东西。
2．与keep 有关的短语动词
keep 与不同的小品词搭配可以有不同的含义。
（1）keep on 与动名词连用时表示“反复”、“持续”：
Keep on trying.
继续努力。
He kept on saying that he was tired.
他不断地说他累了。
（2）keep off 表示“不靠近”、“从......离开”：
Keep off the flower bed.
请勿进入花坛。
Keep your hands off the food.
别动吃的东西。
（3）keep away from 表示“（使.......）不靠近”、“避开”：
Why do you always keep away from me?
你为什么总躲着我？
Keep the children away from the river.
别让孩子们去河边。
（4）keep it up 表示“不松劲”、“保持成绩”或“继续下去”，而
keep up with 则表示“跟上”、“不落在......后面”：
You've made much progress. Keep it up!
你已取得了很大进步。继续努力！
If you keep it up, you'll be able to set up a new world record.
你如果保持下去／不松劲，你就能创一项新的世界纪录。
Although he walked as fast as he could, he still couldn't keep up with his
father.
虽然他尽快走，但他仍跟不上他父亲。
In order to keep up with his classmates, he worked harder than ever.为了跟上同学，他比以往任何时候都更努力。
（5）keep out 可以表示“（使）留在外面”、“（使）不进入”：
He shut all the doors and windows to keep out the wind.
为了挡风，他关上了所有的门窗。
16,000-volt power line. Keep out!
16,000 伏高压线，不可靠近！
（6）keep in 的含义之一为“（把.......）留在里面／关在屋里”、“不
出外”：
It's very cold today. We'd better keep in.
今天很冷。我们最好别出去。
When the dog was kept in, it barked loudly.
那条狗被关在屋里时狂吠不止。
(7) keep up with sb保持与某人联系
How many of your old classmates do you keep up with?
(8)keep sth back from sb向.......隐瞒某事
I am sure she is keeping something back from us我肯定她向我们隐瞒着什么
(9)keep in with sb
Have you noticed how he tries to keep in with the boss?
你注意到他多巴结老板了吗？
Lesson 79 By Air?
I used to travel by air a great deal when I was a boy. My parents used to live in South America and I used to fly there from Europe in the holidays. A flight attendant would take charge of me and I never had an unpleasant experience.
I am used to traveling by air and only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened. After taking off, we were flying low over the city and slowly gaining height, when the plane suddenly turned round and flew back to the
airport.While we were waiting to land, a flight attendant told us to keep calm and to get off the plane quietly as soon as it had touched down. Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened. Later we learnt that there was a very important person on board. The police had been told that a bomb had been planted on the plane. After we had landed, the plane was searched thoroughly. Fortunately, nothing was found and five hours later we were able to take off again.
第79课乘坐飞机？
我在幼年的时候，曾多次乘飞机旅行。我的父母曾经住在南美洲，所以假期里我常从欧洲乘飞机到他们那里。我总是由一位空中乘务员照管，从未遇到过不愉快的经历。我习惯了乘飞机旅行，只是有一次把我吓坏了。起飞之后，我们在城市上空低低地飞行，然后慢慢爬高。这时飞机突然调转头来，飞回了机场。在我们等待降落时，一位空中乘务员告诉我们要保持镇静，待飞机一着陆，就马上不声
不响地离开飞机。飞机上的人都很着急，大家都急于想知道究竟出了什么事。后来我们才得知，飞机上坐了一位非常重要的人物。有人报告警察，说飞机上安放了一枚炸弹。我们降落之后，飞机被彻底搜查了一遍。幸运的是，什么也没有找到。5个小时后，我们又起飞了。
课堂笔记（一）
1）used to do
我们用used to do 表示过去有过但现在已不存在的习惯，以便将过去与现在形成对照。它后面经常用由but now...，but not...any more/any longer 等构成的、用了一般现在时的句子以强调过去和现在的不同之处。
Do you watch television?
I used to, but I don' t any longer.
你看电视吗？
我过去常看，但现在不看了。
I used to smoke, but I don't any more/any longer.我过去常吸烟，但现在已不吸了。
He used to be a lazy boy, but now he is very hard-working.他过去是个懒孩子，但现在他很勤奋。
used to 仅用于一般过去时。它的疑问句和否定句形式可以不用助动词do 而用used 本身：
Used he to smoke?
He usedn' t / used not to smoke.
did didn' t
他过去吸烟吗？
他从前并不吸烟。
但比较常用的形式是did和didn't：
Did he use to smoke?
He didn' t use to smoke.
他过去吸烟吗？
他从前不吸烟。
在针对used to提问时，一般也用did
I used to be a good swimmer.
Did you really? I didn' t even know you could swim.
Did you use to smoke?
Yes, I did / used to.
我过去是个游泳好手。
真的吗？我以前甚至不知道你会游泳。
你从前吸烟吗？
是的，我吸。
would 是另一个用于描述过去经常性行为的词，它与used to有时可以互换，有时则不可以，而且
would 需要指出具体时间，used to 则不需要。
（1）当used to 暗示与现在的对照时，不可用would 替换：
I used to drink heavily, but I have given up drinking now.
我过去喝酒很厉害，但我已戒了。
I never used to eat a large breakfast, but I do now.
我过去早饭吃得不多，可现在我吃得很多。
（2）当used to 描写过去的状态时，也不可与would 互换，would 只表示过去特有的习惯或行为：
I used to be a waiter, but now I'm a taxi-driver.
我过去是个侍者，但现在我是出租汽车司机。
They used to own a car.
他们过去有辆车。
（3）当used to 不强调与现在的对比时，可与would 互换。但一个故事开头时不用would，必须首先用一般过去时或used to 描述背景，然后用would 表示习惯性动作：
When I was a boy we always spent/ used to spend our holidays on a farm. We would get up at 5 and we would help milk the cows.
我小时候经常在农场度假。我们总是5 点起床，帮助挤牛奶。
What sort of things did she like doing as a girl?
She used to would climb trees whenever she could.
她小时候喜欢做些什么事？
她一有机会就爬树
be used to 表示“习惯于”，后面跟名词或动名词，be 也可用get等代替：I'm used to shopping alone.
我习惯于一个人购物。
I'm used to getting up early.
我习惯于早起。
I soon got used to getting up early when I started working as a baker.
我开始当面包师不久就习惯早起了。
2）表示“许多”的英语短语：
(1)修饰可数名词复数形式的有many, a good/great many, quite a few, a large (或great)/small number of等，其后的谓语动词用复数形式。
(2)修饰不可数名词的有much, a great deal of, quite a little, an amount of等。其后的谓语动词用单数形式。
(3)既能修饰可数名词，又能修饰不可数名词的有a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great quantity of等，谓语动词根据主语是可数或不可数决定单复数形式。
a number of +可数名词，谓语用复数，意为许多，大量的……
the number of +可数名词，谓语用单数，意为……的数目
3）．experience
（1）n．经历（可数）：
I had an amusing experience last year.
去年我有过一次有趣的经历。
He told me about his experiences as a young man.
他向我讲述了他年轻时的经历。
（2）n．经验，体验（不可数）：
They want someone with a lot of experience for this job.
他们想要一位有丰富经验的人来承担这项工作。
Does she have any experience in teaching?
她有教学经验吗？
（3）vt．经验，体验：
Have you ever experienced anything like this?
你经历过像这样的事情吗？
The village has experienced great changes since 1980.
自1980 年以来这个村子经历了极大的变化。
experience 的过去分词常作形容词用，表示“有经验的”、“经验丰
富的”：
John is an experienced driver.
约翰是个经验丰富的司机。
4) 1．A flight attendent would take charge of me...我总是由一位空中乘务员照管... would 表示过去经常发生的事，它与used to 的区别参见第55 课语法。take charge(of)
为固定短语，表示“接管”、“开始管理”等：
She took charge of the child after his parents died.
孩子的父母去世后，她接管了那孩子。
The new manager will take charge (of the company) from next week.
新经理从下星期开始管理公司。
5）．...only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened....只是有一次把我吓坏了。
这是一个倒装句。倒装句的结构为“副词+助动词(be, do, have, can,must 等)+主语+句子的其余部分”。它通常用来加强语气，是典型的正式修辞和正式文体。用倒装句的情况包括：（1）句首为否定或近似否定的副词(never, rarely, little, on no occasion,hardly, no sooner 飔han 等)：
Never has he got so many letters.
他从未收到过这么多信。
Little does he realize how important this meeting is.
他对这个会议的重要性知之甚少。
On no occasion must you accept any money if he offers it.
他如果给你钱，你可绝不能接受。
Hardly had he begun his speech when he was interrupted.
他刚开始讲话就被人打断了。
No sooner had he returned than he bought a house and went to live there.
他刚一回来便买下了一幢房子住了进去。
（2）句首为only 构成的词组（如only after, only then 等）：
Only then did I realize what a mistake I have made.
只是到了那时我才意识到我犯了个什么错误。
Only after she had taken off her coat and hat could I recognize her.
只有在她脱掉大衣和摘下帽子以后我才认出了她。
6）gain height,（飞机）增加高度，爬高。
gain 在这里为及物动词，表示“增加”：
The car gained speed when it was outside the town. 汽车驶出城区后便加
快了速度。
He has gained so much weight that he decides to go on a diet.
他体重增加得太多了，便决定节食。
gain sth.获得
gain possession获得所有权
gain sb's affections赢得某人的喜爱
gain by/from doing sth/sth从某事中获益
You can gain by watching how she works.看她怎么样工作你就可获益。
第79课课堂笔记（二）
7)land
（飞机）着陆
The pilot managed to land the damaged plane safely.飞行员设法让受到破坏的飞机安全着陆
We shall be landing shortly.Please fasten your seat-belts.我们马上就要着陆，请大家系好安全带。
8）touch down（飞机）着陆，降落
After eight hours, the plane touched down at New York airport.
8 小时之后，飞机在纽约机场着陆。
Don't stand up before the plane has touched down.
飞机着陆前不要站起来。
9）Everybody on board was worried 飞机上的人都很着急......
固定短语on board 表示“搭乘（船、飞机、火车、汽车等）”、“在
（船、飞机、火车、汽车等）上”：
Tom has never been on board a plane before.
汤姆以前从没有乘过飞机。
Have the passengers gone on board yet?
旅客已经上船了吗？
Please board the plane immediately.请立刻上飞机。
be above board（商业交易）光明正大的
The deal was completely above board.这笔交易是完全光明正大的
an above-board deal光明正大的交易
board at.../with sb 寄膳
go by the board计划等告吹，放弃
I'm afraid the new car will have to go by the board.We can't afford it.
我看买新车的事情要告吹了，我们买不起。
He boarded at my hourse/with me until he found an apartment.他找到住房之前，在我家寄膳。
10）curious富于好奇心的，有兴趣的
be curious about sth/to do sth
I am curious to know what she said我真好奇的想知道她说了什么。
爱管闲事的
She's always so curious about my work.她总爱打听我的工作
奇特的，不寻常的
It's curious that he didn't tell you.他没有告诉你实在反常。
curiosity好奇心kjuEri5Csiti
11）Learn (of/about)sth获悉，得知
I never learned his name我从未听说过他的名字
Learn that it's no use blaming others。认识到责备别人是没有用
learn one's lesson吸取教训
I'll never do that again.I've learnt my lesson.我再也不做那种事了，我已有了教训
12）plant
（1）种植；在......内种植：
Trees were planted along the river.
河边栽了树。
They are planting flowers around the pool.
他们正在水池周围种花。
plant sth with sth在......中栽种（花草树木）
Joe plants his garden with many flowers and vegetables.
乔在他的花园里种植了许多花卉和蔬菜。
（2）放置，安置；布置：
A bomb was planted on the plane.
飞机上安放了一枚炸弹。
On that day many policemen were planted along the main street.
那天（城里的）主要街道上部署了许多警察。
（3）plant sth on sb给某人栽赃
He claimed that the stolen watch was planted on him.
他声称那被偷的手表是被别人栽赃的
（4）plant sth in sth给某人灌输（某思想等）
Who planted that idea in your head?是谁给你灌输这种思想的？
（5）plant sb in sth安插眼线
The police planted a spy in the gang.警察在那一团伙中安插了一名侦探。
13）thoroughly adv.
The work had not been done thoroughly.这工作做得不彻底。
thorough 彻底的，深入的，细致的，全面的
provide a thorough training to the new comer。
He's a thoroughly nice person.他是个大好人。
与take 有关的短语动词
take 可以与许多小品词连用而产生不同的含义，与同一个小品词连
用时也可以有多种含义，这里仅选其中的一小部分。
（1）take off 最常用的含义为“脱下（衣服、鞋子等）”：
Why don't you take off your coat/hat/glasses?
你为什么不把你的大衣脱掉／帽子摘掉／眼镜摘下？
它还可以表示“（飞机）起飞”或“（鸟）飞起”：
After taking off, we first flew low over the city.
起飞之后，我们先在城市上空低低地飞行。
The plane will take off in half an hour.
飞机将于半小时后起飞。
在口语中，take off 可以表示“（嘲弄地）模仿”：
As a boy, Jim used to take off his elders.
吉姆小时候经常模仿长者。
（2）take after 表示“（长相、性格等）像（父母等）”：
Jane isn't easy to get along with. She takes after her mother.
简不大容易相处。她像她母亲。
（3）take up 的含义之一为“占（时间、地方等）”：
Your books have taken up too much space.
你的书占的地方太大了。
This work won't take up too much of your time.这项工作不会占你太多的时间。take up 还可以表示“开始（从事、产生兴趣等）”：
He took up tennis/painting two years ago.
两年前他开始打网球／学绘画。
（4）take to 的含义之一为“养成......的习惯”或“开始沉缅于”（后
面跟名词／动名词）：
When did he take to drinking/smoking?
他什么时候养成酗酒／抽烟的习惯的？
（5）take in 的含义之一为“欺骗”（多用于口语中，常用被动语态）：
On one occasion I was taken in.
有一次我被骗了。
（6）take down 可以表示“写下”、“记下”：
I forgot to take down his telephone number.
我忘了记下他的电话号码。
At the police station, everything he said was taken down.
在警察局，他说的每句话都被记了下来。
（7）take over 的含义之一为“接收”、“接管”：
We all hope that things will get better when the new manager takes over. 我们都希望新经理接管后情况会好转。
Lesson 17 Always young 【New words and expressions】生词和短语 appear v. 登场，扮演 stage n. 舞台 bright adj. 鲜艳的 stocking n. （女用）长筒袜(棉的, 绒的, 并不是现在的丝袜) sock n. 短袜 ★appear v. 登场, 扮演 ①vi. 出现，显露（反义词是disappear） The plane appeared. The plane disappeared. ②vi. 当众露面；登场（演出等） The actor appeared. I can’t appear in this dress at the party. appear as 扮演……角色He appeared as a prince. appear on the stage as…(扮演的确切表达) My aunt appeared on the stage as a young girl. ③vi. 似乎，看起来好像（与seem 同义），显得(系动词，后面直接加形容词) He appears nervous. 他显得很紧张(看起来) She appears to know you. Now it appears you are wrong. ★stage n. 舞台on the stage 在舞台上in the stage 在某一阶段(时期) ★bright adj. 鲜艳的bright red 鲜红色；bright yellow 明黄色；bright blue 宝蓝色 【Text】My aunt Jennifer is an actress. She must be at least thirty-five years old. In spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl. Jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon. This time, she will be a girl of seventeen. In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings. Last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress. If anyone ever asks her how old she is, she always answers, 'Darling, it must be terrible to be grown up!' 参考译文我的姑姑詹妮弗是位演员, 她至少也有35 岁了. 尽管如此, 她却常在舞台上扮演小姑娘. 詹妮弗很快又要参加一个新剧的演出. 这一次, 她将扮演一个17岁的少女. 演出时她必须穿一条鲜红色的裙子和黑色的长筒袜. 去年在演另一个剧时, 她不得不穿短袜和一件鲜艳的橘红色的衣服. 一旦有人问起她有多大年纪, 她总是回答:“亲爱的, 长成大人真可怕啊!” 【课文讲解】 1、My aunt Jennifer is an actress. 以-ess 结尾的是女性；以-or、-er 结尾的是男性 actor男演员actress 女演员waiter 男服务员waitress 女服务员 prince王子princess 公主lion 公狮子lioness 母狮子 doctor 男医生woman doctor 女医生god 神goddess 女神(God上帝, 注意“G”大写) 2、She must be at least thirty-five years old. 年龄的两种表示方法：
Text SOS 国际通用的呼救信号 1）save our souls 2）save our ship 3）莫尔斯电码符号（三点，三横，三点） When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago, it crashed in the mountains and its pilot was killed. a light passenger plane 一架轻型客机 a cargo plane/ a cargo aircraft 货机 fighter plane 战斗机 civil aviation 民用航空 fly off course 偏离航线 fly from country 逃亡国外 course n 所经之路，方向，路线，航线，过程，进程，课程 a south-ward course 向南的路线 eg Our course is directly north. 我们的路线是朝正北的。 eg He gave me some advice on my future course.他就我未来的发展方向给了我一些忠告。 eg You can see the course of the river on the map. 你在地图上能看到河流的走向。 unhurt adj 平安无事，没有受伤 （反义词 hurt) hurt 1v 使（身体）受伤，使疼痛 eg I am not hurt. I am all right. 我没有受伤，我很好。 eg Be careful not to hurt yourself.= Be careful not to get hurt. 小心别伤到自己。 2v 使（人，身体）疼痛 eg These shoes are too tight and hurt my feet. 这双鞋太紧了，使我的脚很痛。 eg My injured left leg still hurts. 我受伤的左腿还很痛。 eg My shoes hurt. 我的鞋很挤脚。 It was midwinter. 正是隆冬时节。 midsummer 仲夏 midnight 午夜 midfield (足球场等的）中场 middle man 经销商，中间人 middle ring 中指 the Middle East 中东 middle class 中产阶级 middle-aged 中年的 the middle of nowhere （口）偏远的某地 lay 为系动词 thick 是表语，表示主语的状态或性质 all the clothes she could find, all the clothes 是定语从句修饰she could find, 她能找到的所有衣物。 covering 是现在分词，在本文中是现在分词短语作状语， inside 是介词 grow v 变得(grow-grew-grown) grow dark 变得黑了 （grow 作系动词） eg He grew angry when I told him about it. The only passengers, a young woman and her two baby daughters were unhurt. It was the middle of winter. Snow lay thick on the ground. The woman knew that the nearest village was miles away. When it grew dark, she turned a suitcase into a bed and put the children inside it, covering them with all the clothes she could find. 我告诉他这件事情的时候他变得非常生气。When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago ， it crashed in the mountains and its pilot was killed.The only passengers ， a young woman and her two baby daughters ， were unhurt. It was the middle of winter.Snow lay thick on the ground. The woman knew that the nearest village was miles away. When it grew dark ， she turned a suitcase into a bed and put the children inside it ， covering them with all the clothes she could find.During the night ， it got terribly cold. The woman kept as near as she could to the children and even tried to get into the case herself ， but it was too small. Early next morning ， she heard planes passing overhead and wondered how she could send a signal. Then she had an idea. She stamped out the letters 'SOS' in the snow.Fortunately ， a pilot saw the signal and sent a message by radio to the nearest town. It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash.
新概念英语第二册:第64课课文详解及语法解析 课文详注 Further notes on the text 1.a plan for a twenty-one-mile tunnel，建造一条长 21英里的隧道的计划。 twenty-one-mile作 tunnel的修饰语，注意 mile为单数。plan for +名词/动名词表示“……的计划”： They always make plans for their holidays, but, in the end, they always stay at home. 他们总是为假期制订各种计划，但是，末了，他们总是呆在家里。 He came with a plan for (building) a bridge over the river. 他带来了在这条河上建一座桥的计划。 2.serve as，充当，起……的作用(也可以说 serve for)。 The books on the floor may serve as/ for a carpet. 地板上的书可充当地毯用了。 This sofa can serve as/ for(a) bed. 这张沙发可以当床用。 3.a better plan was put forward, 提出了一项更好的计划。 put forward为固定短语，可分开用，其含义之一是“提出(计划、建议等)”： You know they wouldn't accept your plan. Why did you put it forward? 你知道他们不会接受你的计划。你为什么要提出来呢? Has he put forward any suggestion? 他提出什么建议了吗?
Lesson 78 The last one?【Text】 After reading an article entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves. I smoked with concentration and pleasure as I was sure that this would be my last cigarette. For a whole week I did not smoke at all and during this time, my wife suffered terribly. I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temper and an enormous appetite. My friends kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars. They made no effort to hide their amusement whenever I produced a packet of sweets from my pocket. After seven days of this I went to a party. Everybody around me was smoking and I felt extremely uncomfortable. When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than I could bear. I took one guiltily, lit it and smoked with satisfaction. My wife was delighted that things had returned to normal once more. Anyway, as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking. He himself has done it lots of times! 【课文翻译】 读完一篇题为《吸烟与健康》的文章之后，我点上了一枝香烟，来镇定一下自己紧张的神经。我聚精会神而又愉快地吸着这支烟。因为我确信这是我最后一枝烟了。整整一个星期我根本没有吸烟。在此期间，我妻子吃尽了苦头。我具备了戒烟者通常表现出来的所有症状：脾气暴躁和食欲旺盛。我的朋友们不断地向我递香烟和雪茄。每当我从口袋里掏出一包糖果时，他们都毫不掩饰地表现出他们对此感到非常好笑。这样过了7天以后，我去参加一次聚会。我周围的每个人都在吸烟，我感到非常不自在。当我的老朋友布赖恩极力劝我接受一枝香烟时，我再也忍不住了。我内疚地接过一枝点上，心满意足地抽起来。一切又都恢复了正常，为此我妻子十分高兴。不管怎么说，正如布赖恩指出的那样，戒烟是世界上最容易的事情，他自己就已戒了很多次了! New words and expressions 生词和短语 1. entitle 1) v. 以......为名；授权 eg: If something entitles you to something, it gives you the official right to have or do it. eg: The novel is entitled Pride and Prejudice.
裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记第17课
裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记第十七课 My aunt Jennifer is an actress. She must be at least thirty-five years old. In spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl. Jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon. This time, she will be a girl of seventeen. In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings. Last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress. If anyone ever asks her how old she is, she always answers, 'My Dear, it must be terrible to be grown up!' 我的姑姑詹妮弗是位演员，她至少也有35岁了。尽管如此，她却常在舞台上扮演小姑娘。詹妮弗很快又要参加一个新剧的演出。这一次，她将扮演一个17岁的少女。演出时她必须穿一条鲜红色的裙子和黑色的长筒袜。去年在演另一个剧时，她不得不穿短袜和一件鲜艳的橘红色的衣服。一旦有人问起她有多大年纪，她总是回答：“亲爱的，长成大人真可怕啊！” 单词学习 1. appear [?'pi?] vi 1) come into view, become visible 出现，显现，呈现 appear←→disppear eg. A ship appeared on the horizon. 一艘船出现在水平线上。 eg. Something strange appeared. 奇怪的事发生了。 2) arrive, come, show up, turn up 来到 eg. I waited for 4 hours but she didn’t appear. 我等了四个小时，可她就是没来。 3) （公开，正式）露面，登场，扮演 eg. The lady appeared on the stage as a young girl. 这位女士扮演一名小姑娘。 appear on the stage 扮演 eg. He appeared on the stage when he was only 3. 他才3岁时，就登台扮演。→ His first appearance on the stage was at the age of three. eg. She is at least 50 years old. But she always appears on the stage as a young girl. 她至少50岁，但她总是扮演年轻的姑娘。appearance [?'pi?r?ns] n. 出现, 显露, 露面；外观, 外貌, 外表←→disappearance keep up appearance 维持体面，装门面 eg. Never judge a man by his appearance. 不要以貌取人。 to all appearances / by all appearances / from all appearances 显然，就外表来看 2. stage n. 舞台 on the stage 在舞台上 quit the stage 推出演艺界 in the international stage 在国际舞台上 scene 舞台上的场景，背景 eg. The first scene of the play is in the palace. 这部戏的第一个场景是在宫殿里。 arena [?'ri:n?] n.表演场地, 竞技场；活动或斗争的场所或场面 the political arena 政治舞台，政界竞争活动或斗争的场所、场面（喻） in the political stage / in the political scene / in the political arena 在政治舞台上 in the international stage / in the international scene / in the international arena 在国际舞台上 eg. She dreamed of appearing on the stage one day. 她梦想着有一天能在舞台上表演。 3. bright adj. 1) 明亮的←→dark bright sunshine 灿烂的阳光 bright eyes 明亮的眼睛 2) 鲜艳的，醒目的 bright blue 宝蓝色 bright green 翠绿色 3) quick at learning; clever 聪明的←→dull, stupid, foolish eg. She is the brightest child in our class. 她是我们班最聪明的孩子。 4) promising, hopeful 有前途的 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
2015.5.23 L64 The Channel Tunnel 英吉利海峡隧道 一、课文原句 1、a plan for a ****的计划 2、serve as 用作= serve for 3、put forward 提出***计划 4、draw in fresh 抽进新鲜空气 5、connect sth to sth 把***和***连起来 二、单词讲解 ★tunnel 1)n.隧道 the Channel Tunnel 海峡隧道（英法之间） eg:The train passed through several tunnels. 火车穿过了几个隧道。 Eg:light at the end of the tunnel 在隧道尽头的灯光(苦尽甘来的含义) 2)v. 开隧道，掘地道 ★port n.港口，港，入港 enter a port / make a port 入港 lever a port / clear a port 出港 a free port 自由港 ★ventilate v.通风 well-ventilated 通风良好 eg：Our classroom is well-vantilated. 我们的教室通风良好。poorly-ventilated 糟糕地通风 eg：Our classroom is poorly-vantilated. 我们的教室通风不好，比较闷热。 ventilation n.空气流通；畅谈 eg:put a problem to ventilation 提出问题以供公开讨论 ★chimney n.烟囱 短语：sweep a chimney / clean a chimney 清扫烟囱 Eg:The smoke poured out of the chimney. 烟从烟囱里冒出来。 a blocked chimney 堵塞的烟囱
新概念英语第二册第17课:Always young Lesson 17 Always young青春常驻First listen and then answer the question. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。 Why doesn't Aunt Jennifer tell anyone how old she is? My aunt Jennifer is an actress. She must be at least thirty-five years old. In spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl. Jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon. This time, she will be a girl of seventeen. In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings. Last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress. If anyone ever asks her how old she is, she always answers, 'Darling, it must be terrible to be grown up!' 我的姑姑詹妮弗是位演员，她至少也有35岁了。尽管如此，她却常在舞台上扮演小姑娘。詹妮弗很快又要参加一个新剧的演出。这一次，她将扮演一个17岁的少女。演出时她必须穿一条鲜红色的裙子和黑色的长筒袜。去年在演另一个剧时，她不得不穿短袜和一件鲜艳的橘红色的衣服。一旦有人问起她有多大年纪，她总是回答：“亲爱的，长成大人真可怕啊！” New words and expressions 生词和短语 appear v. 登场，扮演 stage n. 舞台 bright adj. 鲜艳的 stocking n. （女用）长筒袜
新概念英语第二册逐句精讲语言点第75课(2) Lesson 75 SOS 呼救信号 When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago, it crashed in the mountains and its pilot was killed. The only passengers, a young woman and her two baby daughters, were unhurt. It was the middle of winter. Snow lay thick on the ground. The woman knew that the nearest village was miles away. When it grew dark, she turned a suitcase into a bed and put the children inside it, covering them with all the clothes she could find. During the night, it got terribly cold. The woman kept as near as she could to the children and even tried to get into the case herself, but it was too small. Early next morning, she heard planes passing overhead and wondered how she could send a signal. Then she had an idea. She stamped out the letters "SOS" in the snow. Fortunately, a pilot saw the signal and sent a message by radio to the nearest town. It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash. 句子讲解： 5、The woman knew that the nearest village was miles away. 这位妇女知道，即使最近的村庄也有数英里远。 6、When it grew dark, she turned a suitcase into a bed and put the children inside it, covering them with all the clothes she could find. 夜幕降临时，她把提箱当作小床，把她的孩子们放了进去，又将所有 能够找到的衣服都盖在了孩子们身上。
Lesson 3 Please send me a card 请给我寄一张明信片 First listen and then answer the question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。 How many cards did the writer send? Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Everyday I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card! New words and expressions 生词和短语 send v. 寄，送friendly adj. 友好的 postcard n. 明信片waiter n. 服务员，招待员 spoil v. 使索然无味，损坏lend v. 借给 museum n. 博物馆decision n. 决定 public adj. 公共的single adj. 唯一的，单一的 whole adj. 整个的 Note on the text 课文注释 1 a few words,几句话。 2 lent me a book中，lent是“借出”的意思。我们常说lend sb. sth 或lend sth to sb.。borrow 是“借入”的意思，常用的结构是borrow sth.或borrow sth. from sb. 参考译文 明信片总搅得我假日不得安宁。去年夏天，我去了意大利。我参观了博物馆，还去了公园。一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语，之后还借给我一本书。我读了几行，但一个字也不懂。我每天都想着明信片的事。假期过得真快，可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过一张明信片。到了最后一天，我作出了一项重大决定。我早早起了床，买来了37张明信片。我在房间里关了整整一天。然而竟连一张明信片也没写成！ Summary writing 摘要写作 Answer these questions in not more than 50 words. 回答下列问题，将答案组成一个段落，不要超过50个单词。 1Do postcards always spoil the writer’s holiday or not? 2Where did he spend his holidays last summer? 3What did he think about every day? 4Did he send any cards to his friends or not? 5What is the writer’s big decision? 6Where did he stay all day? 7Did he write any cards or not? Key structures 关键句型 What happened? 一般过去时 Read this short conversation. Pay close attention to the verbs in italics. Each of these verbs tells us what happened. 读一读下面的这段对话，要特别注意用斜体印出的动词，每个动词都告诉我们发生了什么事。
Lesson 64 The Channel Tunnel 海峡隧道 First listen and then answer the question. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。 Why was the first tunnel not completed? In 1858, a French engineer, Aime Thome de Gamond, arrived in England with a plan for a twenty-one-mile tunnel under the English Channel. He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel. This platform would serve as a port and a railway station. The tunnel would be well-ventilated if tall chimneys were built above sea level. In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an Englishman, William Low. He suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built. This would solve the problem of ventilation, for if a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it. Forty-two years later a tunnel was actually begun. If, at the time, the British had not feared invasion, it would have been completed. The world had to wait almost another 100 years for the Channel Tunnel. It was officially opened on March 7,1994, finally connecting Britain to the European continent. 1. tunnel ['t?n?l] n. 隧道 2. port [p?:t, p?ut] n. 港口 3. ventilate ['ventileit] v. 通风 4. chimney ['t?imni]n. 烟囱 5. sea level ['lev?l] 海平面 6. double ['d?bl] adj. 双的 7. ventilation [,venti'lei??n] n. 通风 8. fear [fi?] v. 害怕 9. invasion [in'vei??n] n. 入侵，侵略 10.officially [?'fi??li] adv. 正式地 11.connect [k?'nekt] v. 连接 12.European [,ju?r?'pi:?n] adj. 欧洲的 13.continent ['k?ntin?nt] n. 大陆 参考译文： 1858年，一位名叫埃梅.托梅.德.干蒙的法国工程师带着建造一条长21英里、穿越英吉利海陕的隧道计划到了英国。他说，可以在隧道中央建造一座平台，这座平台将用作码头和火车站。如果再建些伸出海面的高大的烟囱状通风管，隧道就具备了良好的通风条件。1860年，一位名叫威廉.洛的英国人提出了一项更好的计划。他提议建一条双轨隧道，这样就解决了通风问题。因为如果有列火车开进隧道，它就把新鲜空气随之抽进了隧道。42年以后，隧道实际已经开始建了。如果不是因为那时英国人害怕入侵，隧道早已建成了。世界不得不再等将近100年才看到海峡隧道竣工。它于1994年3月7日正式开通，将英国与欧洲大陆连到了一起。 （标题生词讲解） channel ['t??n?l] Channel:频道 teaching channel教学频道 communication channel交流频道 Can we change another channel? We can't get channel 4 on our television。我们的电视收不到4频道。 The Channel Tunnel 海峡隧道 channel v 传递 She channel her information to me. 她把她的信息传递给我
新概念英语第二册课后练习题答案详解(第75课) 新概念英语第二册课后习题Lesson 75 1. c 根据课文第1-2行能够推断，只有c. it wasn’t flying in the right direction 才是飞机坠毁的原因，所以只有c. 是准确答案。其他3个选择都不能说明飞机坠毁的原因。 2. a 根据课文第11行a pilot saw the signal and sent a message 能够推测，只有a 是课文所暗示的内容，其他3个选择都与课文的内 容不符。 3. b 只有选b. young 才能使该句同前一句意思相同.若选a. a youth 同前一句意思不符;c. a young 不合乎语法; d. youth 既不符 合语法也不合乎题目意思. 4. d 此句是一般过去时疑问句。因为有助动词did 提问，所以句子 的谓语动词要用原形。a. lay 是动词原形，词意思为“使……躺下， 放置”，它也是动词lie 的过去式;b. laid 是 lay 的过去式和过去 分词形式;c. lain 是动词lie 的过去分词;d. lie 是动词原形，意思为“平放着，处于某种状态”;只有lie 最符合语法和题目意思，所以选d. 5. b 只有选b. big enough 才能使本句与前一句It was too small 意思吻合。而 a. enough big 词序不对，不合乎习惯用法，c.
fairly big(相当大)，d. rather big(相当大)，他们都很少用于否定 句中。 6. a 该句的谓语动词hear后面应该跟名词+不带to 的动词不定式， 或跟名词+动词+ -ing ，只有a. pass 是不带to的不定式最符合语法，其它3个选择都不符合语法，所以选a. 7. b 只有b. soon afterwards (不久，很快)与前一句中的not long before 的含义相同，其他3个选择a. after (在……之后);c. behind (在……后面);d. much later (更晚)都不符合题目意思，所 以选b. 8. b 该句需要选出一个与前一句的light(轻型的)意思相反的词. a. dark( 黑暗的), b. heavy(重的), c. black(黑的), d. deep(深的)4 个词中只有heavy是light的反义词,所以选b. 9. d 该句应该选前一句的terribly(可怕地，极端地)含义相近的形容词。才能使两个句子意义相同。 a. frightening(使惊恐，恐吓)是动 词frighten的现在分词形式，很少作形容词用，因为它的形容词形式 是frightful; b. horrifying(使毛骨竦然，使震惊)也很少做形容词用，因为它有形容词horrible; c. shocking(令人震惊的，骇人的， 极坏的)语气比terrible 要强烈;d. frightful(惊人的，可怕的)是动词frighten的形容词形式，只有d与terribly 含义最接近，所以选d. 10. d 本句需要选一个与前一句中的signal(信号)含义相同的词。
Lesson 78 The last one 【Text】 After reading an article entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves. I smoked with concentration and pleasure as I was sure that this would be my last cigarette. For a whole week I did not smoke at all and during this time, my wife suffered terribly. I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temper and an enormous appetite. My friends kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars. They made no effort to hide their amusement whenever I produced a packet of sweets from my pocket. After seven days of this I went to a party. Everybody around me was smoking and I felt extremely uncomfortable. When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than I could bear. I took one guiltily, lit it and smoked with satisfaction. My wife was delighted that things had returned to normal once more. Anyway, as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking. He himself has done it lots of times! 【课文翻译】 读完一篇题为《吸烟与健康》的文章之后，我点上了一枝香烟，来镇定一下自己紧张的神经。我聚精会神而又愉快地吸着这支烟。因为我确信这是我最后一枝烟了。整整一个星期我根本没有吸烟。在此期间，我妻子吃尽了苦头。我具备了戒烟者通常表现出来的所有症状：脾气暴躁和食欲旺盛。我的朋友们不断地向我递香烟和雪茄。每当我从口袋里掏出一包糖果时，他们都毫不掩饰地表现出他们对此感到非常好笑。这样过了7天以后，我去参加一次聚会。我周围的每个人都在吸烟，我感到非常不自在。当我的老朋友布赖恩极力劝我接受一枝香烟时，我再也忍不住了。我内疚地接过一枝点上，心满意足地抽起来。一切又都恢复了正常，为此我妻子十分高兴。不管怎么说，正如布赖恩指出的那样，戒烟是世界上最容易的事情，他自己就已戒了很多次了! New words and expressions 生词和短语 1) v. 以......为名；授权 eg: If something entitles you to something, it gives you the official right to have or do it. eg: The novel is entitled Pride and Prejudice. 那本小说被命名为《傲慢与偏见》。 eg: This license entitles you to sell drug. 这个执照授权你可以卖药。 词组拓展：be entitled to (do) sth. 对...享有权利, 值得; 有(做某事)的资格[权利] eg: Women employees are entitled to a maternity leave of three months. 女性员工有权利休三个月的产假。 记忆点拨： en（动词前缀，使……）—title（标题）（使有标题） 2. calm 1) v. 使镇定 eg: I gave the frightened child some candies to calm him. 我给那个吓坏了的小孩一些糖果使他安静下来。 adj. 平静的 After a night of storm, the sea is now calm. 一夜暴风雨过后，大海现在很平静。 词组拓展：keep calm保持镇定 calm down镇定下来 calm before the storm暴风雨前的平静 相关表达： calmness n.平静, 冷静, 镇静