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现在分词的主要句法功能归纳讲解学习

现在分词的主要句法功能归纳讲解学习
现在分词的主要句法功能归纳讲解学习

现在分词的主要句法

功能归纳

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教学过程

一、课堂导入

本堂知识是高考中比较重要的考点,也是各地常考的考点,掌握好这张语法,不仅对做单选题有帮助,对于更好地理解完型、阅读和写作文都有帮助。

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二、复习预习

复习上一单元的知识点之后,以达到复习的效果。然后给学生一些相关的单选或其他类型题目,再老师没有讲解的情况下,让学生独立思考,给出答案与解释,促进学生发现问题,同时老师也能发现学生的盲点,并能有针对性地进行后面的讲课。

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三、知识讲解

知识点1:分词用作表语

(1) 有的用作表语的分词具有形容词性质,有的甚至已转化为形容词。

(2) 现在分词和动名词作表语的区别:现在分词作表语主要表示主语的性质和特征,而动名词作表语则主要是对主语内容的进一步说明和解释:

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My job is interesting. 我的工作很有趣。

My job is teaching maths. 我的工作是教数学。

另外,动名词作表语时它可与主语交换位置,而现在分词作表语则不可与主语交换位置:

误:Interesting is my job.

正:Teaching maths is my job.

还有,作表语的现在分词不能带宾语,而作表语用的动名词可以带宾语(如上例)。

知识点2:分词用作定语

单个的分词作定语可以置于被修饰词语之前,但若是分词短语作定语则应置于被修饰名词之后:There is a gentleman asking to see you. 有一位先生要求见你。

She bought a computer produced in China. 她买了一台中国生产的电脑。

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知识点3:分词用作状语:

1【考查点】表时间

Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off. 见到猫,老鼠就跑了。

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The work finished, he went home. 工作做完后,他就回家了

2 【考查点】表原因:

Being very weak, she couldn’t move.她由于身体虚弱而不能行动。

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His car broken down, he had to walk. 他的车坏了,所以只好走路。Much discouraged,she moved on to London. 她很沮丧,搬到了伦敦。

3【考查点】表条件:

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United, we stand; divided, we fall. 团结则存,分裂则亡。

Given more time, we could have done it better. 如果多给点时间,我们可以做得更好。Working hard, you will succeed. 如果努力工作,你就可以成功。

Adding them all up, we can find the answer. 如果把它们加起来,我们就可以得到答案。

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4 【考查点】表让步:

Although living miles away, he attended the course. 虽然住在几英里以外,他仍去上课。Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 虽然被击败了,他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。

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5【考查点】表方式:

He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠开卡车谋生。

I’m returning you letter as requested.我按要求给你退信。

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6 【考查点】表伴随:

He sat in the chair reading newspapers. 他坐在椅子上看报。

Don’t you sit there doing nothing.别什么也不干坐在那里。

He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了进来,后面跟着他的妻子。

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7 【考查点】表结果:

He fired, killing one of the passers-by. 他开枪了,打死了一个过路人。

He died, leaving his wife with five children. 他死了,留下他妻子和五个孩子。

It rained and rained, vehicles bogged and bridges washed out. 雨不停地下,车辆陷入泥沼,桥梁被水冲去。

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知识点4:分词用作宾补足语

We found him greatly changed. 我们发现他变化很大。

I heard my name called. 我听到有人叫我的名字。

【注】比较以下两句用现在分词作宾补与用不带to的不定式作宾补的区别:I saw the children playing in the street. 我看见孩子们在街上玩。

I saw the children enter a shop. 我看见孩子们进了一家商店。

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一般说来,用现在分词表示动词在进行,用动词原形表示动作的全过程。除动词see外,hear, notice, feel 等动词也有类似区别。

四、例题精析

【例题1】

Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock,______ supplies to Y ushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake.

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A. sending

B. to send

C. having sent

D. to have sent

【答案】A

【解析】表示伴随。从“were working”可以判断是进行时态,排除C。

【例题2】

In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ______ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.

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英语语法:动名词的句法功能

英语语法:动名词的句法功能 动名词的句法功能 动名词是非谓语动词的一种,它由动词原形加-ing构成,形式上与现在分词相同。动名词除具有动词性质外,还具有名词的性质。动 名词在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语等,但不能 用作谓语(故称动名词为非谓语动词)。 一、动名词用作主语 Saving is getting. 节约即增收。 Finding work is difficult these days. 现在找工作可不容易。 Being lost can be a terrifying experience. 迷路有时很可怕。 【注】动名词作主语时,有时可用it作形式主语: It’s hard work climbing mountains. 爬山是费劲的事。 It’s fun being taken to the zoo. 被带去逛动物园很有意思。 用it代替动名词作形式主语的两个常用句型: It’s no use saying any more about it. 再谈这事没有用。 Is it any good trying to explain? 试图作些解释有用吗? 二、动名词用作表语 My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。 His job is looking after sheep. 他的任务是看羊。 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。

【注】不定式和动名词均可用作主语和表语,两者的区别是:动名词多指笼统的、抽象的概念,而不定式则多表示具体的、一次性的动作。 三、用作宾语 Excuse me for coming late. 对不起我来晚了。 Most students enjoy asking questions in English. 多数学生都喜欢用英语提问。 【注】动词用作介词宾语时,通常只用动名词形式,而不用不定式形式,典型的例外是表示“除外”的except和but(它们后接动词作宾语时通常用不定式)。 四、动名词用作宾语补足语 Can we call this serving mankind? 这能叫为人类服务吗? I call this robbing Peter to pay Paul. 我管这叫做拆东墙补西墙。 【注】动名词用作宾语补足语时,主要动词通常是call。 五、动名词用作定语 We need a new working method. 我们需要一种新的工作方法。 The doctor told me not to take sleeping pills. 医生叫我不要服*。 【注】与不定式和现在分词作定语不同,动名词作定语不以短语的形式出现,而且总是位于被修饰名词之前(在很多情况下构成合成名词),用以表示被修饰名词的用途、目的和场合: reading room 阅览室 operating table 手术台 swimming pool游泳池 singing competition歌咏比赛

现在分词讲解及训练

现在分词 Form: ?doing ?having done(先后关系) 现在分词表示主动含义或动作正在进行。 Exercise: 划出句中的现在分词,并指出它在句中做何成分。 1. The three contestants were sitting at their desks on the stage, waiting. 2. Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 3. Having finished his homework, he went out. 4. People living in the cities used to regard farming as boring and backward. 5. The changes in Sunqiao is very amazing. 现在分词做定语: Exercise: Combine each pair of sentences 1. The men are required to come to the headmaster’s office. They had some overseas working experience. 2. The people take part in a variety of exercise They can keep healthy. 3. The research at Sunqiao produces seeds. The seeds help farmers grow better crops. 4. People used to regard farming as boring and backward. These people live in cities. 5.Do you know the boy? He is standing under the tree. 6. The spiders store the mice for later. The mice serve as a source of food. Exercise: compare The swimming pool is clean and big. The swimming boy is his brother. The big writing desk is very expensive. The writing student is Tom’s classmate. 现在分词作状语:时间,条件,伴随方式,原因,结果 Exercise: rewrite the sentences 1. Kitty heard the news. She jumped with joy. 2. Tom put on his swim-suit. He dived into the swimming pool. 3. While she was cooking, she burned her right hand. 4. After he had finished his homework, he went out to play football. 以上改写后的三个句子中的现在分词短语做______状语。 现在分词作状语:相当于状语从句,但从句和主句的____语必须一致. 时间状语: 1. Working in the factory, he learned a lot from the workers.(分词一般式) 2. Having read the letter, she got very excited(完成式) 3. ________hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. 4. = as soon as _________________________________________. 5. Be careful when crossing the street. 条件状语: 1.If you walk hard, you will succeed. 2. = _______________________________ 伴随方式状语 1. She came _______(run) towards me. 2. The children ran out of the room, __________(laugh) and _______(talk) merrily. 3. ____________(travel) by jeep, we visited a number of cities. 4. ____________(follow) the guide, they started to climb. 5. _____________(follow) by the students, the teacher entered the office. 原因状语 1. Because I was sick, I stayed at home.

动词过去分词及独立主格结构的用法

动词过去分词及独立主格结构的用法 一、过去分词的定义及其基本形式 1.过去分词是动词的另一种非限定形式,过去分词具有动词、形容词和副词的特性,可以带宾语或受状语修饰。过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语。如: (1)spoken English 英语口语(过去分词具有形容词的特性,作定语) (2)Given more time, we could do it much better. =If we were given more time, we could do it much better. 多给点时间,我们会做得更好些。 (过去分词具有动词的特性,有自己的宾语more time,构成分词短语;过去分词短语在句中作状语,具有副词的特性。) 2.过去分词的基本形式 (1)规则动词的过去分词由动词+ed构成 (2)不规则动词的过去分词须逐个记忆。 (3)不规则动词的过去分词表示完成,如: fallen leaves =leaves which have fallen落叶 (4)及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成,如: the machines used in the workshop =the machines which are used in the workshop 车间用的机器(及物动词的过去分词表示被动) I heard the door opened. =I heard the door has been opened. 我听见门被打开了。(及物动词的过去分词表示被动和完成) 二、过去分词的句法功能 过去分词是一种非谓语动词,在句中不能单独做谓语。但它具有形容词和副词的特性,故在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。

(完整版)ing分词用法归纳

-ing分词用法归纳 1. -ing分词概述 -ing分词的基本形式是由动词加-ing 构成,与动词的现在分词形式一致。 -ing分词的主要变化形式有一般式和完成式;一般式和完成式中又分别有主动形式及被动形式。详见下表: 2. -ing分词的意义 (1) -ing分词所表示的动作常与谓语动词的动作同时发生。如: He used to stand there thinking. 他过去常站在那儿思考。 They held activities celebrating their culture. 他们举行活动来庆祝他们的文化。 (2) -ing分词若在suggest, insist等动词后或作结果状语时,表示的动作常发生在谓语动词的动作之后; He suggested us practicing English every day. 他建议我们每天练习英语。 He insists on going with us together. 他坚持要跟我们一起去。 Her mother went away alone, leaving her crying there. 她母亲一个人走了,让她一个人在那儿哭。 (3) -ing分词若在forget, regret, remember等动词后或作时间状语时,表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。如: Can you still remember living there? 你还能记得在那里的生活情况吗? I don’t regret helping him, though he is unkind to us. 尽管他对我们不友好,我对帮助他还是不后悔。 (4) -ing分词若在介词before, after之后,动作的先后依介词before, after的意义而定。如: I often read some newspaper before getting to sleep. 我在入睡前常要看一看报纸。 (5) -ing分词表泛指意义的动作或状态时,没有时间意义。如: Keeping on doing morning exercises is a good habit. 坚持做早操是一种好的习惯。 (6) -ing分词的完成式表示所发生的动作在谓语动词的动作之前。如: Not having received her answer, he decided to write to her again. 由于没有收到她的回信,他决定再给她写封信。 (7) -ing分词的主动形式,表明逻辑主语所动作的发出者;过去分词表明逻辑主语是动作的承受者。如: Seeing from the top of the mountain, you will find the town very beautiful. 你从山顶上看,就会发现这座城市很美。 Seen from the top of the mountain, the town looks beautiful. 从山顶上看去,这座城市看起来很美。 (8) -ing分词的否定式是在-ing分词前面加否定词not。如: Not knowing what to do, he went to ask the teacher for help. 由于不知道该怎么做,他去请求老师的帮助。 Not having made it clear, he went to ask the teacher about it again. 由于他没有弄明白,他又去向老师询问这件事。 3. -ing分词的句法功能

(完整word版)英语8种时态讲解及练习

英语时态八种基本时态讲解及练习 一.概念:英语中表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态,需用不同的动词形式表示,这种不同的动词形式称为时态。 二.种类:(基本时态) 一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去进行时 一般将来时过去将来时 现在完成时过去完成时 三.用法: 1)一般现在时表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态及客观现实和普遍真理。 一般现在时常以动词原形表示,但当主语是第三人称单数时,动词词尾加-s或-es。2)句型结构:主语+V.(包括be动词)+宾语+… She is an engineer. He has breakfast at 6:00every day. 3)注意: a)一般现在时通常与always , often , usually , every day , sometimes , once a week等时间状 语连用。 I always watch TV at 8: 00 in the evening . They go home once a week . We usually do our homework at home . b)表客观现实或普遍真理。 The sun always rises in the east . The light travels faster than the sound . c)表永远性的动作或状态。 He lives in the country .

4)第三人称单数变化形式。 a)一般情况动词在词尾加-s . come---comes speak---speaks work---works live---lives b)以o, s, x, ch, sh结尾的单词在词后加-es. do---does go---goes finish---finishes brush---brushes fix---fixes pass---passes watch---watches c)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词变y为i加-es. Study---studies carry-carries cry---cries d)以“元音字母+y”结尾的单词直接加-s. play---plays stay---stays 例句:我们每天晚上九点做作业。 我在早上七点半起床。 他每天七点去上班。 我们经常下午打篮球。 他喜欢音乐。 地球围绕太阳转。 火车六点出发。 5)否定句和疑问句。 a)-----He is an engineer. -----He isn’t an engineer. -----Is he an engineer? -----Yes, he is ./ No, he isn’t. b)----We get up at 7:30 in the morning . -----We don’t get up at 7:30 in the morning . -----Do you get up at 7:30 in the morning ?

高三英语学科二轮语法专题复习教师辅导教案-现在分词和过去分词

高三英语学科二轮语法专题复习教师辅导教案 非谓语动词之现在分词和过去分词

Daily expressions 1. Allow me.让我来。 2. Be quiet! 安静点! 3. Cheer up! 振作起来! 4. Good job! 做得好! 5. Have fun! 玩得开心! 6. How much? 多少钱? 7. I'm full.我饱了。 8. I'm home.我回来了。 9. I'm lost.我迷路了。 10. My treat.我请客。 11. So do I.我也一样。 12. This way。这边请。 13. After you.您先。 14. Bless you! 祝福你! 15. Follow me.跟我来。 批注:上面是一些常用日常生活交际英语,帮助学生拓展口语知识。右边是《生活大爆炸》剧照,《生活大爆炸》是由查克·洛尔和比尔·普拉迪创作的一出美国情景喜剧,在2007年9月24日由哥伦比亚广播公司(CBS)推出。此剧由华纳兄弟电视公司和查克·洛尔制片公司共同制作,讲述的是一个美女和四个科学家的故事,2011年续拍第五季。2009年8月,该剧赢得了电视评论协会(TCA)最佳喜剧系列奖,吉姆·帕森斯亦赢得了喜剧类的个人奖项。 Step2:一、分词 1、定义:分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种,是一种非谓语动词形式。分词既有动词的特征,又有形容词和副 词的特征。

2、基本形式:现在分词由动词原型加ing 构成,为了区别动名词doing ,我们用v-ing 表示; 过去分词我们用done 表示,或者用v-ed 形式表示。 二、分词的句法功能 1、两个基本特点: 1)在时间上现在分词表示动作正在进行;过去分词表示动作已经完成。 a developing country 一个发展中国家 (a developed country 一个发达国家) boiling water 沸腾的水 ( boiled water 白开水) rising sun 冉冉升起的太阳 (risen sun 升起的太阳) 2)在语态上现在分词表示主动;过去分词表示被动。 the ruling class 统治阶级 the ruled class 被统治阶级 the exploiting class 剥削阶级 the exploited class 被剥削阶级 2、句法功能: 分词句法功能 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 v-ing/v-ed ★ ★ ★ ★ 1)作表语:现在分词作表语表示主语的性质或特征;过去分词作表语表示主语的状态。 The basketball match was exciting. We are excited at the good news. The book is interesting. I’m interested in it. 考点:区别由现在分词和过去分词转化而来的形容词,常见的这类词有: 对比 对比 对比 exciting/excited; moving/moved; frightening/frightened; tiring/tired; surprising/surprised; astonishing/astonished; satisfying/satisfied; disappointing/disappointed; interesting/interested pleasing/pleased; inspiring/inspired

动词-ed分词的用法讲解

动词-ed分词的用法 一、基本概念 1.分词的定义 1.动词的-ed 分词即过去分词,是由动词的过去分词构成,一般只有一种形式。 2.过去分词的语法作用:过去分词一方面具有动词的性质,另一方面也相当于一个形容词或副词(相当于被动语),在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。 1)过去分词作表语,主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。如: Don't touch the glass because it is broken. 不要碰那个杯子,它是坏的(它是被打坏的)。He is quite pleased with the design of the dress. 她很喜欢那礼服的式样。 2)过去分词做定语:单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面,相当于一个定语从句。 如:The excited people rushed into the building. 激动的人们奔进了大楼。 (excited people 被激动了的人) We need more qualified teachers. 我们需要更多合格的教师。(被资质认证过的老师,或经过资质认证的老师。)过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面,相当于一个定语从句。如: Is there anything planned for tomorrow? 明天有什么活动吗? The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager. 外国专家提出来的建议被经理采纳了。 过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语,前后用逗号隔开。如: The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people. 这些书是鲁迅写的,受到了许多中国人民的喜爱。 The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success. 这次会议获得很大的成功,共有一千个学生出席了。 3)过去分词做状语: -ed 分词和-ing 分词作状语一样,也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 ①表时间,相当于一个时间状语从句,有时过去分词前可加连词when 或while 来强调时 间概念。如: Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. 从山顶上看,这个城市

动名词的语法特征及用法

动名词的语法特征及用法 动名词由动词加-ing词尾构成,既有名词的特征,又有动词的特征。了解动名词的语法特征可帮助学习者深入理解动名词的意义,从而正确使用动名词。 一、动名词的名词特征 动名词的名词特征表现在它可在句子中当名词来用,作主语、宾语、表语、定语。例如: Beating a child will do more harm than good.打孩子弊大于利。(作主语) Do you mind answering my question?你不介意回答我的问题吧?(作宾语) To keep money that you have found is stealing.把拾到的钱留起来是偷盗行为。(作表语) No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.阅览室里不许大声说话。(作定语) 在动名词担任这些句子成分时,学习者需注意的是: 1、有些动词后只能用动名词作宾语,构成固定搭配,需特别记忆。常见的这类动词有:admit(承认),advise(建议),allow(允许), appreciate(感激),avoid(避免),can't help(禁不住),consider(考虑),deny(否认),dislike(不喜欢),enjoy(喜欢),escape(逃脱),excuse(原谅),feel like(想要),finish(结束),give up(放弃),imagine(想象),involve(包含),keep(保持),mind(介意),miss(错过),permit(允许),practise(练习),quit(停止),recollect (记得),recommend(推荐),suggest(建议),stop(停止),resent(对……感到愤恨、怨恨),risk(冒……危险),cannot stand(受不了)等。例如: We do not permit smoking in the office.我们不允许在办公室吸烟。 In fighting the fire,he risked being burnt to death.在救火中,他冒着被烧死的危险。 She denied having stolen anything.她否认偷过任何东西。 I suggest doing it in a different way.我建议换一个方法做这件事。 2、动名词常用于一些固定句型中,常见的有:It is no use /no good...;It is a waste oftime...;It is fun /nice /good...;There isno...(不可以/不可能……)等。例如: It is no use asking him.He doesn't know any more than you do. 问他也没用,他并不比你知道得更多。 It's no fun being lost in rain.在雨中迷路可不是好玩的。 It's a waste of time your reasoning with him.你和他讲道理是在浪费时间。

过去分词的句法功能

过去分词的句法功能 过去分词是一种非谓语动词,在句中不能单独做谓语。但它具有形容词和副词的特性,故在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。 (一)定语 作定语用的过去分词如果是单个的词,就放在被修饰的词的前面;若为分词短语则放在所修饰的词的后面。如: The excited children are opening their Christmas presents. 兴奋的孩子们正在打开他们的圣诞礼物。 Some of the people invited (=who have been invi ted) to the party can’t come. 有些被邀请参加晚会的人不能来。 注意:(1)做定语用的过去分词通常指已完成的动作,若要表示现在进行的动作则要用过去分词的进行形式。 We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here. =We must keep a secret of the things which are being discussed here. 我们必须对这里讨论的问题保密。 (2)如指未来的情况,都用不定式的被动形式。 He prepared some poems to be recited at the English evening. 他准备了几首将在英语晚会上朗诵的诗。 例1.The computer centre, ______ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.

A.open B.opening C.having opened D.opened 答案与简析:选D。过去分词短语作后置定语,相当于非限制性定语从句which was opened. 过去分词作后置定语课文中的例句: And this landscape is also wonderfully compact, so you can stride over grassy slopes with spectacular views of idyllic lakes far below, set against imposing peaks. (二)表语 Be prepared! 做好准备! Everybody got excited about the boat trip. 大家对坐船游览倍感兴奋。 (三)宾(主)语补足语 What made you so frightened? 什么使你这样惊恐? He was found injured at the foot of a cliff. 他被发现在山岩脚下受了伤。 例2.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year. A.carry out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry out 答案与简析:选C。过去分词短语在定语从句中作宾补。

动词不定式和动名词的句法功能比较初中语法

动词不定式和动名词的句法功能比较-初中语法

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初中英语动词不定式和动名词用法比较?一、作主语 ⒈不定式作主语?动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种:?(1)把不定式置于句首。如: ?Toget therebybike will take us half anhour.?(2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。如:?①It+be+名词+to do?It's ourduty totake goodcare of the old. ②Ittakes sb+some time+to do How long did ittakeyou tofinish the work? ③It+be+形容词+for sb+to do ?It is difficult forusto finish writingthe compositionin a quarter ofan hour. ?④It+be+形容词+ofsb+to do It is stupid of youto writedown everythingtheteachersays.?⑤Itseems(a ppears)+形容词+todo It seemed impossible to savemoney. 在句型③中,常用表示客观情况的形容词,如:difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary 等;在句型④中,常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupi d,wise等表示赞扬或批评的词。在不定式前的sb,可看作其逻辑主语。这一句式有时相当于Sb is+形容词+to do 句式,如:It'skindof you to help mewith my English.=You are kind to helpme withmy English. ?⒉动名词作主语?Learning without practice is no good. 动名词作主语时,也常用It句式。如: ①It's +no good(no use,fun,a pleasure,a waste of time)+doing… ?It'sno good reading in dim light. It's no usesitting here waiting. ②It's+形容词+doing ?It'sdangerous swimminginthe sea inwindy days. ?这样用的形容词有expensive,nice,tiring等,但important,necessary则不适用于这种结构,应用不定式代替,如:It'simportant for youto keep fit. ③There is no+doing ?There is no saying what will happennext. 在这一结构中,动名词后常带宾语,相当于"It's impossible to…"结构。 ⒊动词不定式和动名词作主语的区别 ①不定式作主语经常表示具体动作,常与特定的动作执行者联系在一起;而动名词作主语经常表示抽象动作,经常不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起。如: ?It's no good eating too much fat.?It'sno good for youto eatso much fat. ?②动名词结构作主语,可以用名词或代词属格形式作逻辑主语。如:?It's nouse yourpretendingthat you didn't knowthe rules. ?二、作宾语 ⒈不定式作宾语?①以下动词后,只能跟不定式作宾语。如:agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail ,help,hope,lean,long,?manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,wish等,这些词大部分可接that引导的从句。如: ?I decidedto ask formy money back. I decided that Iwouldask for my money back. When our visit to thefarm was over,weexpectedto startback on foot. When our visit to the farmwasover, weexpected thatwewould start back on foot. ?②当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时,先用形式宾语it代替不定式,把不定式置于补语之后,即:主语+动词+it+补语+to do句式。如: Wethink it quiteimportantfor us to learn a foreignlanguagewell. Hefeels ithisdutytohelp the poor. ?③介词but,except,besides+to do(do)?在这种句型中,如介词前有动词do,后面应接不带to的不定式;如无do,则接to不定式,即带do不带to,带to不带do。如:?Theenemysoldiers had no choice but to give in. On Sunday afternoonIhadnothing to dobut watchTV. ⒉动名词作宾语?①以下动词后,只能接动名词作宾语,如:admit,appreciate,consider,delay,en joy,finish,keep, imagine,mind,miss,practise,,risk,save,suggest,mind,give up,insist,on, put off等。如:?Isuggest spending our summer vacationin a seasidetown. You mustgive up smoking, forit doestoo much harm toyour health. ?②动名词作介词的宾语

现在分词的主要句法功能归纳

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-- 教学过程 一、课堂导入 本堂知识是高考中比较重要的考点,也是各地常考的考点,掌握好这张语法,不仅对做单选题有帮助,对于更好地理解完型、阅读和写作文都有帮助。 --

-- 二、复习预习 复习上一单元的知识点之后,以达到复习的效果。然后给学生一些相关的单选或其他类型题目,再老师没有讲解的情况下,让学生独立思考,给出答案与解释,促进学生发现问题,同时老师也能发现学生的盲点,并能有针对性地进行后面的讲课。 --

-- 三、知识讲解 知识点1:分词用作表语 (1) 有的用作表语的分词具有形容词性质,有的甚至已转化为形容词。 --

-- (2)现在分词和动名词作表语的区别:现在分词作表语主要表示主语的性质和特征,而动名词作表语则主要是对主语内容的进一步说明和解释: Myjobis interesting. 我的工作很有趣。 My job isteachingmaths. 我的工作是教数学。 另外,动名词作表语时它可与主语交换位置,而现在分词作表语则不可与主语交换位置: 误:Interestingismy job. 正:Teachingmaths is myjob. 还有,作表语的现在分词不能带宾语,而作表语用的动名词可以带宾语(如上例)。 知识点2:分词用作定语 --

-- 单个的分词作定语可以置于被修饰词语之前,但若是分词短语作定语则应置于被修饰名词之后:There is a gentlemanasking tosee you. 有一位先生要求见你。 She boughta computer produced inChina. 她买了一台中国生产的电脑。 --

分词作状语用法知识点详解和辨析

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义有两种:主动进行的动作和主动一般的动作。 2)从语态角度来看,过去分词可以表示被动含义也可以表示主动含义,即动词不同则含义不同。及物动词的过去分词只有被动含义,如the boiled water=the water that was boiled \ the water that has been boiled. 而不及物动词没有被动只有主动,如the sunken ship= the ship that has sunken.但是不及物动词的过去分词出现频率较低,常见的过去分词多为及物动词的过去分词,表达被动含义。其次,从时态角度看,过去分词具有一般动作或完成动作的含义,相当于一般时态或完成时态。不及物动词只具有完成动作。 英语分词作状语的用法分词做状语时可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、方式、让步、伴随、比较。 四、分词作状语的原则:其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语保持一致。 常见分词作状语的情况举例: 表条件:Given more time, I would be able to complete the work. \ United we stand; divided we fall. (合则兴,分则亡) 表时间:Walking in the street,I saw him. 表原因:Getting hurt badly in the match, he has to stay at home. 表伴随:Watching the TV play, she burst out crying. 表让步:Having lived in China for years, he still cant speak Chinese well. 表结果:I went home, finding the door locked.

高考英语【现在分词】专项训练附详解.doc

现在分词专项训练 1.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ________ the desert. A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cove 2.The flowers________sweet in the botanical garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 3. Will those________the children from abroad come to the headmaster ’s office? A. teaching B. teach C. who teaches D. who teaching 4. There are hundreds of visitors________in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh ’s paintings. A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. wait 5.________the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. A. The president will attend B. The president to attend C. The president attended D. The president ’s attending 6. —Why did you go back to the shop? —I left my friend ________ there. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. waits 7. Don ’t leave the water ________wlehiyou brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run 8. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found________in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked 9. I found the game ________, and my dad explained for the rules. A. excited B.to excite C. excite D. exciting 10. When________different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared 11. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, ________advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken 12. Daddy didn ’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, ________fun. A. had B. have C. to have D. having 13. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, ________a record US $57.65 a barrel on April 4. A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching 14. He glanced over at her, ________that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. A. noting B. noted C. to note D. having noted 15. Having been attacked by terrorists,______. A. doctors came to their rescue B. the tall building collapsed C. an emergency measure was taken D. warnings were given to tourists 16. Alice returned from the manager ’s office, ________me t h a w t t a h n e t e b d o s t o s s e e me at once. A. having told B. tells C. to tell D. telling 17. “We can’t go out in this weather, ”said Bob, ________out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked 1.答案是A 。a soft orange blanket 与cover 存在主谓关系,因此要用现在分词作谓语,它相当于定语从句which

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