机械工程专业英语文本施平05

机械专业类英语文章阅读篇一：机械专业英语作文1Mechanical engineeringEngineering Science in life are widely used, especially in mechanical engineering in the application of life is almost throughout life in all its aspects, to automobiles, aircraft, small electric fans, umbrella, all of these and related machinery. The project includes many subjects, but the mechanical engineering is one of the most important subjects, not only because of our life and itis closely related to, but with the progress of the times, people have to rely on mechanical engineering products, in automation today, machine instead of many this is the part of the human labor, improve the efficiency and save time.As a result of mechanical engineering in every aspect of life, therefore, as an engineer, be faced with a great many challenges, in addition to a solid with knowledge, but also keep pace with the times, familiar with the machinery and related software, can be very good use of software, and as a an engineer, we should try our best to design and produce and closely related to the life of the machine, and can in life play a real role, also have only such, we address and remission now social needs, therefore, the mechanical engineering in the future social development, will play the important role, especially China s case, the industry also is not very developed, machinery can be greater development space.Before the industrial revolution, machinery is mostly wood structure, wood made by hand by. The development of social economy,the demand for mechanical products. The bulk of the production increasing and precision processing technology progress, promote the mass production method ( interchangeability of parts production, professional division of labor and cooperation, water processinglines and assembly lines ) formation. Study of mechanical products in the manufacturing process, especially when used in the pollution of the environment and natural resources excessive consumption problems and their treatment measures. This is a modern mechanical engineering is an especially important task to grow with each passing day, andits importance.Application of mechanical products. This includes selection, ordering, acceptance, installation, adjustment, operation, maintenance, repair and transformation of the industrial use of machinery and complete sets of machinery and equipment, to ensurethat the mechanical products in the long-term use of reliability and economy.As a student, we are now the most important to learn professional knowledge, only in this way, can we later life and learning, to doits part.机械工程工程科学在生活中应用广泛，特别是机械工程在生活中的应用几乎就是遍布了生活中的各个方面，大到汽车、飞机，小到电风扇、雨伞，这些都和机械有关。

Lesson 1 力学的基本概念1、词汇：statics [stætiks] 静力学；dynamics动力学；constraint约束；magnetic [mæɡ＇netik]有磁性的；external [eks＇tə:nl] 外面的, 外部的；meshing啮合；follower从动件；magnitude [＇mæɡnitju:d] 大小；intensity强度，应力；non-coincident [kəu＇insidənt]不重合；parallel [＇pærəlel]平行；intuitive 直观的；substance物质；proportional [prə＇pɔ:ʃənəl]比例的；resist抵抗，对抗；celestial [si＇lestjəl]天空的；product乘积；particle质点；elastic [i＇læstik]弹性；deformed变形的；strain拉力；uniform全都相同的；velocity[vi＇lɔsiti]速度；scalar[＇skeilə]标量；vector[＇vektə]矢量；displacement代替；momentum [məu＇mentəm]动量；2、词组make up of由……组成；if not要不，不然；even through即使，纵然；Lesson 2 力和力的作用效果1、词汇：machine 机器；mechanism机构；movable活动的；given 规定的，给定的，已知的；perform执行；application 施用；produce引起，导致；stress压力；applied施加的；individual单独的；muscular [＇mʌskjulə]]力臂；gravity[ɡrævti]重力；stretch伸展，拉紧，延伸；tensile[tensail]拉力；tension张力，拉力；squeeze挤；compressive 有压力的，压缩的；torsional扭转的；torque转矩；twist扭，转动；molecule [m likju:l]分子的；slide滑动; 滑行；slip滑，溜；one another 互相；shear剪切；independently独立地，自立地；beam梁；compress压；revolve (使)旋转；exert [iɡ＇zə:t]用力，尽力，运用，发挥，施加；principle原则, 原理，准则，规范；spin使…旋转；screw螺丝钉；thread螺纹；2、词组a number of 许多；deal with 涉及，处理；result from由什么引起；prevent from阻止，防止；tends to 朝某个方向；in combination结合；fly apart飞散；3、译文：任何机器或机构的研究表明每一种机构都是由许多可动的零件组成。

《机械工程专业英语》课程教学大纲一、课程的基本情况课程中文名称: 机械工程专业英语课程英文名称： ENGLISH IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING课程代码：0304030课程类别：必修课程学分：２分课程学时：18授课对象：机电（电专）学生前导课程：机械设计、机械原理、大学英语二、教学目的机械工程专业英语是机械工程及自动化专业的一门指选专业课程。

其教学目的是使学生完成大学英语的教学后及时转入专业英语阅读，巩固已经掌握的基本词汇和语法知识,扩大专业词汇，掌握科技文章的语法结构，提高英语应用能力，特别是阅读、翻译本专业英语文献的能力。

达到以英语为工具，获取专业所需要的信息。

三、教学基本要求第1课力学基本概念Lesson 1 Basic Concepts in Mechanics重点：力学的基本词汇和力学知识第3课力和力矩Lesson 3 Forces and Moments重点：力学的基本词汇和基本知识第5课轴和联轴器Lesson 5 Shafts and Couplings重点：轴的基本词汇和基本知识第13课机构Lesson 13 Mechanism重点：机构的基本词汇和基本知识第17课机械设计基础Lesson 17 Fundamentals of Mechanical Design重点：机械设计的基本词汇和基本知识第45课计算机与制造业Lesson 45 The computer and Manufacturing重点：计算机与制造业的基本词汇和基本知识翻译技巧：词类转换第49课数字控制Lesson 49 Numerical Control重点：数字控制的基本词汇和基本知识翻译技巧：成分转换第53课工业机器人Lesson53 Industrial Robots重点：工业机器人的基本词汇和基本知识翻译技巧：掌握相应专业词汇第55课机器人系统的组成部分Lesson 55 Components of a Robot System重点：机器人系统的基本词汇和基本知识翻译技巧成分转换第57课工程师在机械制造业中的作用Lesson 57 The Roles of Engineers in Manufacturing重点：机械制造的基本词汇和基本知识翻译技巧状语从句的译法第59课信息时代的机械工程Lesson 59 Mechanical Engineering in the Information Age重点：机械工程的基本词汇和基本知识翻译技巧成分分译第61课如何撰写科学论文Lesson 61 How to Write a Scientific Paper重点：科学论文写作的基本词汇和基本知识翻译技巧长句分析四、课程内容与学时分配五、教材与参考书教材：《机械工程专业英语》，施平编，哈工大出版社,2007参考书：《机械工程英语》，陈道礼、刘旺、夏绪辉编，武汉科技大学机械自动化学院六、教学方式和考核方式1、教学方式：以课堂讲授为主，辅以课后作业。

机械工程专业英语原文翻译令狐采学创作2、应力和应变令狐采学在任何工程结构中自力的部件或构件将接受来自于部件的使用状况或工作的外部环境的外力作用。

如果组件就处于平衡状态,由此而来的各种外力将会为零,但尽管如此,它们共同作用部件的载荷易于使部件变形同时在资料里面产生相应的内力。

有很多不合负载可以应用于构件的方法。

负荷根据相应时间的不合可分为:(a)静态负荷是一种在相对较短的时间内逐步达到平衡的应用载荷。

(b)继续负载是一种在很长一段时间为一个常数的载荷,例如结构的重量。

这种类型的载荷以相同的方法作为一个静态负荷;然而,对一些资料与温度和压力的条件下,短时间的载荷和长时间的载荷抵当失效的能力可能是不合的。

(c)冲击载荷是一种快速载荷(一种能量载荷)。

振动通常招致一个冲击载荷, 一般平衡是不克不及建立的直到通过自然的阻尼力的作用使振动停止的时候。

(d)重复载荷是一种被应用和去除千万次的载荷。

(e)疲劳载荷或交变载荷是一种年夜小和设计随时间不竭变更的载荷。

令狐采学创作令狐采学创作上面已经提到，作用于物体的外力与在资料里面产生的相应内力平衡。

因此,如果一个杆受到一个均匀的拉伸和压缩，也就是说, 一个力,均匀散布于一截面,那么产生的内力也均匀散布并且可以说杆是受到一个均匀的正常应力,应力被界说为应力==负载P /压力A,因此根据载荷的性质应力是可以压缩或拉伸的,并被怀抱为牛顿每平方米或它的倍数。

如果一个杆受到轴向载荷，即是应力，那么杆的长度会修改。

如果杆的初始长度L和修改量△L已知，产生的应力界说如下:应力==修改长△L /初始长L因此应力是一个丈量资料变形和无量纲的物理量,即它没有单位;它只是两个相同单位的物理量的比值。

一般来说,在实践中,在荷载作用下资料的延伸是很是小的, 丈量的应力以*106的形式是便利的,即微应变, 使用的符号也相应成为ue。

从某种意义上说，拉伸应力与应变被认为是正的。

压缩应力与应变被认为是负的。

第一课Text:It is known that metals are very important in our life. Metals have the greatest importance for industry. All machines and other engineering[7endVi5niEriN] constructions have metal[5metl] parts; some of them consist only of metal parts.众所周知，金属在我们的生活中是非常重要的，金属对于工业而言是有巨大的重要性，所有机器和其他工程构造都有金属零部件，其中一些还只能由金属组成。

There are two large groups of metals:1) Simple metal- more or less pure chemical elements[5elimEnt]2) Alloys[5AlCi]- materials consisting of a simple metal combined with some other elements.有两大类金属：（1）纯金属——或多或少的金属元素（2）合金——组成纯金属的原料结合其他元素。

About two thirds of all elements found in the earth are metals, but not all metals may be used in industry. Those metals which are used in industry are called engineering metals. The most important engineering metalis iron[5aiEn], which in the form of alloys with carbon[5kB:bEn] and other elements, finds greater use than any other metal. Metals consisting of iron combined with some other elements are known as ferrous[5ferEs] metals; all the other metals are called nonferrous[5nCn5ferEs] metals. The most important nonferrous metal arecopper[5kCpE], aluminum[E5lju:minEm], lead[li:d], zinc[ziNk], tin[tin], but all these metals are used muchless than ferrous metals, because the ferrous metals are much cheaper.在地球上发现的所有元素中，大约三分之二是金属元素，但是并不是所有的金属都能够用于工业上。

Spur GearsGears , defined as toothed members transmitting rotary motion from one shaft to another , are among the oldest devices and inventions of man . In about 2600 B.C. , the Chinese are known to have used a chariot incorporating a complex series of gears . Aristotle , in the fourth century B.C. , wrote of gears as if they were commonplace . In the fifteenth century A.D. , Leonardo da Vinci designed a multitude of devices incorporating many kinds of gears .齿轮，在最古老的设备和发明人中，被定义为通过轮齿将旋转运动从一根轴传递到另一根轴，大约在公元前2600年，中国人就知道用战车组成一系列复杂的齿轮系。

西元前四世纪，亚里士多德记述了齿轮就好像是他们司空见惯的一样。

在十五世纪，达芬奇设计了大量的包含各种各样齿轮的设备。

Among the various means of mechanical power transmission (including primarily gears , belts , and chains ) , gears are generally the most rugged and durable . Their power transmission efficiency is as high as 98 percent . On the other hand , gears are usually more costly than chains and belts . As would be expected , gear manufacturing costs increase sharply with increased precision -- as required for the combination of high speeds and heavy loads , and for low noise levels . ( Standard tolerances for various degrees of manufacturing precision have been established by the AGMA , American Gear Manufacturers Association. )在众多的机械传动方式中（包括齿轮传动，带传动，链传动），一般来说，齿轮是最经久耐用的，它的能量传递效率高达98%。

机械工程英语原文+翻译完整版第一单元Types of Materials材料的类型Materials may be grouped in several ways. Scientists often classify materials by their state: solid, liquid, or gas. They also separate them into organic (once living) and inorganic (never living) materials.材料可以按多种方法分类。

科学家常根据状态将材料分为：固体、液体或气体。

他们也把材料分为有机材料(曾经有生命的)和无机材料(从未有生命的)。

For industrial purposes, materials are divided into engineering materials or nonengineering materials. Engineering materials are those used in manufacture and become parts of products.就工业效用而言，材料被分为工程材料和非工程材料。

那些用于加工制造并成为产品组成部分的就是工程材料。

Nonengineering materials are the chemicals, fuels, lubricants, and other materials used in the manufacturing process, which do not become part of the product.非工程材料则是化学品、燃料、润滑剂以及其它用于加工制造过程但不成为产品组成部分的材料。

Engineering materials may be further subdivided into: ①Metal ②Ceramics ③Composite ④Polymers, etc.工程材料还能进一步细分为：①金属材料②陶瓷材料③复合材料④聚合材料，等等。