职称英语等级考试 理工类 第一部分词汇 含答案详解 (word版)

职称英语考试理工类(B级)试题及题解第1部分：词汇选项 (第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

请将答案涂在答题卡相对应的位置上。

1 It is obvious that he will win the game．A likelyB possibleC clearD strange2 There is no risk to public health．A pointB dangerC chanceD hope3 Did anyone call me when was out?A inviteC answerB nameD phone4 It took us along time to mend the houseA buildB destroyC designD repair5 I d on’t quite follow what she is saying．A believeB understandC explainD accept6 We can no longer put up with his actionsA bearB acceptC supportD oppose7 Loud noises can be irritating．A confusingB interestingC stimulatingD annoying8 That player is eternally arguing with the refereeA desperatelyC eventuallyB constantlyD extensively9 The governor gave a rather vague outline of his tax plan.A unclearB firmC shortD neat10 Gambling is lawful in Nevada.A popularB boomingC legalD profitable11 These are their motives for doing it.A reasonsB excusesC answersD plans12 The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west.A twistsB stretchesC broadensD bends13 Henry cannot resist the lure of drugs.A abuseB flavorC temptationD consumption14 These programmes are of immense value to old people.A naturalB fatalC tinyD enormous15 A great deal has been done to remedy the situationA maintainB improveC assessD protect第2部分：阅读判断 (第16-22题,每题1分,共7分)阅读下面这篇短文.短文后列出了7个句子.请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断.如果该句提供的是准确信息.请在答题卡上把A涂黑：如果该句提供的是错误信息.请在答题卡上把B涂黑：如果该句的信息文章中没有提及.请在答题卡上把C涂黑.The Smog(烟雾)For over a month. Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the countrySuffered its worst drought for 50 years . Smoke form the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging overneighbouring countries including Malaysia．Singapore and Thailand When the smoke combined with pollution fromfactories and cars．it soon became poisonous(有毒的)．Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose．People wheezed f喘息)and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately．The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot(烟灰)covered everything．In some areas，water washosed(用胶管浇)from high—rise citybuildings to tIY and break up the smog．Finally，heavy rains，which came in November，put out the fires and cleared the air．But the environmental costs and health problems will remain．Many people from South-Eastern Asian cities aireadv suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes(汽车排放的废气)and factorypollution．Breathing problems could well increase and manynon-sufferers may have difficulties for血e firsttime．Wildlife has suffered too．In lowland forests，elephants，deer, and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog．But smog is not just an Asian problem．In fact，the word was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog．Fog often hung over the capital．Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidents．About 4，000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952.16 Indonesia was in crisis because of the drought．A RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 The smog spread to neighbouring countries．A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 The airpollution index went up t0 300 within a few days．A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 Water was used to try to break up the smog．A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20 Many Indonesians blamed the government for the drought．A RightB WrongC Not mentioned21 The forest animals haven’t been affected by the smog．A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 The word“smog”first appeared in 1952．A RightB WrongC Not mentioned。

第一部分：词汇选项(第1—15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1 For some obscure reason, the simple game is becoming very popular.A unclearB obviousC majorD minor2 The sea turtle’s natural habitat has been considerably reduced.A greatlyB suddenlyC generallyD slightly3 I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch。

A instructingB notifyingC pushingD inviting4 It is possible to approach the problem in a different way。

A raiseB poseC experienceD handle5 The decision to invade provoked storms of protest.A ignoredB organizedC causedD received6 Jane said that she couldn't tolerate the long hours。

A spendB takeC lastD stand7 At 80，Peck was still vigorous and living in Paris.A energeticB happyC aloneD busy8 Forester stared at his car, trembling with rage.A shakingB turningC jumpingD shouting9 A young man is being hailed a hero tonight after rescuing two children.A reportedB provedC praisedD caught10 I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse。

第一部分阅读理解(75分)Passage 1CATV is a short way of saying "community antenna (天线) television." But "cable television" is the term most people use. Cable television allows viewers to receive TV programs that they cannot pick up with their regular antennas.Television signals do not follow the curve (曲线) of the earth. They travel in straight lines in all directions. Signals from a TVstation move toward the horizon (水平线) and then go into space. If you live only a few miles from a station, you may not get any picture at all.CATV began in 1948. People in places far from TV stations sharedthe cost of putting up high antennas. A community antenna wasusually placed on a hill, a mountain, or on a high tower. The antenna picked up TV signals and fed them into a small local station. From the station, thick wires called cables ran out to nearby homes. Each person using the cable paid a monthly charge. CATV worked well, and soon new uses were found for it. Localstations could feed programs into empty channels that were not in use. People along the cable could have local news, weather reports, and farm and school news at no extra charge.Today, cable television has moved into cities. It brings in extra programs that city viewers with regular antennas cannot see. It is also used in many classrooms throughout the country.1. From the first paragraph we know that ________.○A.most people use cable television○B."community antenna" is another name for "regular antenna"○C. a community antenna is used for cable television○D.regular antennas cannot pick up TV signals programs2. Of the following, which is NOT the way TV signals travel?○A.In a curve.○B.In a straight line.○C.In all direction.○D.Toward the horizon.3. Cable TV is becoming more and popular because _____________.○A.it is free of charge○B.it can provide more programs○C.it provides all TV users good pictures○ sets with regular antennas can also have a good reception through CATV4. On the whole, this passage is about ________.○A.how to put up high antennas○B. a way of picking up better TV programs○C.how to use the empty channels on your TV set○D.the way that TV signals are sent5. From the passage we can infer that __________.○ has begun to be used for educational purposes○B.there is no charge for CATV○C.cable TV cannot be used in mountainous areas○D.antennas for cable TV are usually put up in the center of a communityPassage 2In earliest times, men considered lightning to be one of the great mysteries of nature. Some ancient people believed that lightning and thunder were the weapons of the gods.In reality, lightning is a flow of electricity formed high above the earth. A single flash of lightning 1.6 kilometers long has enough electricity to light one million light bulbs.The American scientist and statesman, Benjamin Franklin, was the firstto show the connection between electricity and lightning in 1752. In the same year he also built the first lightning rod. This device protects buildings from damage by lightning.Modern science has discovered that one stroke of lighting contains more than 15 million volts. A spark between a cloud and the earth may be as long as 13 kilometers, and travel at a speed of 30 million meters per second.Scientists estimate that there are about 2000 million flashes of lightning per year. Lightning hits the Empire State Building in New York City 30 to 48 times a year. In the United States along itkills an average of one person every day.The safest place to be in case of an electrical storm is in a closed car. Outside, one should go to low ground and not get under trees. Also, one should stay out of water and away from metal fences. Inside a house, people should avoid open doorways and windows and not touch wires or metal things.With lightning, it is better to be safe than sorry!6. Lightning is really __________.○A.weapon○B.electricity○C.light○D.mystery7. People once though that lightning came from __________.○A.scientists○B.ground○C.lightning rod○D.gods8. One flash of lightning can produce enough electricity for ______ bulbs.○A.10,000○B.1,000○C.1,000,000○D.1009. Benjamin Franklin ___________.○A.made the first lightning rod○B.invented electricity○C.built the Empire State Building○D.prevented Lightning from hitting cars10. _________ is the best place to be during an electrical storm.○A.Swimming pool○B. a high ground○C.Under a tree○D. A carPassage 3Because of the energy crisis, scientists in the oil-consuming nations have become increasingly interested in the potential(潜在的) of solar energy. Some experts estimate that the present supply of fossil (化石) fuel will not last until the end of the twentieth century. The problem that solar energy researchers face is how to harness (利用) the sun's energy effectively and inexpensively. One of the mostpopular methods currently being tested uses rooftop solar collectorsand underground storage tanks. An advantage of a properly working system of this type is that it will not create any environmental pollution. Another advantage of using solar energy is that the costof the fuel-the sun's rays-is zero. When a solar heating system is working at maximum (最大的) efficiency, it can provide up to 80 percent of winter heating needs.11. The main topic of this passage is __________.○A.the shortage of fossil fuel○B.the problems that energy researchers face○C.an environmental pollution problem○D.an inexpensive energy source12. One popular solar heating system makes use of __________.○A.roof collectors and underground storage○B.fossil fuel conversion○C.underground oil tanks○D.water collection and evaporation13. The cost of using the sun's rays for heating is ___________. ○A.about the same as the cost of fossil fuels○B.several hundred dollars per year○C.negligible compared with other energy sources○D.determined by the severity of the winter14. Which of the following describes an advantage of using solar energy?○A.There is little or no environmental pollution.○B. A large percentage of fuel costs can be saved.○C.Fossil fuels will become more plentiful.○D.The oil-consuming nations will not have to import oil.15. According to some experts, the supply of fossil fuel will not last _______.○A.one more century○B.an indeterminable time○C.until the end of this century○D.indefinitely第二部分完成句子(25分)根据短文内容完成句子，每个空格只能填一个单词。

第一部分：词汇选项A.controlB.observeC.regulateD.accept答案：DA.senseB.talentC.flavorD.taste答案：BA.excuseB.clientC.destinyD.refusal答案：CB.powerfulC.braveD.sensible 答案：CA.deadlyB.openC.actualD.active 答案：AA.amountB.supplyC.sumD.temp答案：CA.clearB.necessaryD.correctA.ServiceB.dangerC.disorderD.threat答案：CA.survicestC.dieD.move答案：CA.fairB.fullC.coexistingD.public答案：CA.policyB.valueD.intergration答案：DA.principalB.officalC.simpleD.legal答案：AA.silenceB.praiseC.assureplain答案：BA.emotionB.nervousC.terribileD.Contimuous答案：D15.The starving children were a pathectic sight.B.unexpectedC.unforgettableD.pitiful答案：D第二部分：阅读判断Lackof Oxygen Delayed the Rise of Animals on Earth Scientistshave long speculated as to why animal species didn't flourish sooner,oncesufficient oxygen covered the Earth's surface.Animals began to prosper at theend of the Proterozoic period,about 800 million years ago —but what about thebillion-year stretch before that,when most researchers think there also wasplenty of oxygen?Well,it seems the air wasn't so great then,after all.Ina study published Oct.31 in Science,Yale researcher Noah Planavsky and hiscolleagues found that oxygen levels during the "boring billion"period wereonly 0.1% of what they are today.In other words,Earth's atmosphere couldn'thave supported a diversity of creatures,no matter what genetic advancementswere poised to occur."There is no questionthat genetic and ecological innovation must ultimately be behind the rise ofanimals,but it is equally unavoidable that animals need a certain level ofoxygen,"said Planavsky,co-lead author of the research along with ChristopherReinhard of the Georgia Institute of Technology."We're providing the firstevidence that oxygen levels were low enough during this period to potentiallyprevent the rise of animals.”Thescientists found their evidence by analyzing chromium (Cr) isotopes in ancientsediments from China,Australia,Canada,and the United States.Chromium isfound in the Earth's continental crust,and chromium oxidation is directlylinked to the presence of free oxygen in the atmosphere.Specifically,the team studied samples deposited in shallow,iron-rich ocean areas,near theshore.They compared their data with other samples taken from younger localesknown to have higher levels of oxygen.Oxygen'srole in controlling the first appearance of animals has long vexed scientists."We were missing the right approach until now,"Planavsky said."Chromium gaveus the proxy."Previous estimates put the oxygen level at 40% of today'sconditions during pre-animal times,leaving open the possibility that oxygenwas already plentiful enough to support animal life.Inthe new study,the researchers acknowledged that oxygen levels were "highlydynamic"in the early atmosphere,with the potential for occasionalspikes.However,they said,"It seems clear that there is a first-order difference inthe nature of Earth surface Cr cycling"before and after the rise of animals."If we are right,ourresults will really change how people view the origins of animals and othercomplex life,and their relationships to the co-evolving environment,"saidco-author Tim Lyons of the University ofCalifornia-Riverside."This could be agame changer.”Fundingsources for the research included the NASA Exobiology Program and the NationalScience Foundation's Earth-Life Transitions program,awarded to Planavsky,Reinhard,and Lyons.Theother members of the research team included Xiangli Wang,a postdoctoral fellowat Yale; Thomas Johnson,of the University of Illinois; DanielleThomson,ofCarleton University; Peter McGoldrick,of the University of Tasmania; andWoodward Fischer,of the California Institute of Technology.16.The study discovered the rise of animals occurred earlier than the Proterozoicperiod.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned17.Many researchers believe the oxygen level was high during pre-animal times.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned18.The team was funded by several research institutes.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned19.Genetic advancements triggered the rise of animals.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned20.The samples studied in the research were collected in ocean areas.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned21.The study revealed that chromium found in Earth's continental crust remained stablebefore and after the rise of animals.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned22.Tim Lyons liked to play computer games in his spare time.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned答案：BACBABC第三部分：概括大意与完毕句子FirstImage-recognition Software1.Dartmouth researchers and their colleagues have created an artificial1,software that uses photos to locate documents on the Internet with far gre jthan ever before.2.The new system,which was tested on photos and is now being appliedto,Ishows for the first time that a machine learning algorithm (运算法则)or,ma9e I recognition and retrieval is accurate and efficient enough toimprove large seaie,document searches online. The system uses pixel (像素)data in images and potentia y video —rather than just text —to locatedocuments. It learns to recognize the pixels associated with a search phrase bystudying the results from text-based image search engines. The knowledge gleaned (收集) from those results can then beapplied to other photos without tags or captions making for more accuratedocument search results.3."Over the last 30 years,"says Associate Professor Lorenzo Torresani,aco-author of the study,"the Web has evolved from a small collection of mostly text documents to a modern,massive,fast-growing multimedia data set,where nearly every page includes multiple pictures or videos. When a person looks at a Web page,he immediately gets the gist (主旨)of it by looking at the pictures in it. Yet,surprisingly,all existing popularsearch engines,such as Google or Bing,strip away the information contained inthe photos and use exclusively the text of Web pages to perform the documentretrieval. Our study is the first to show that modernmachine vision systemsare accurate and efficient enough to make effective use of the informationcontained in image pixels to improve document search."4.The researchers designed and tested a machine vision system —a type ofartificial intelligence that allows computers to learn without being explicitlyprogrammed —that extracts semantic (语义旳) information from thepixels of photos in Web pages. This information is used to enrich thedescription of the HTML page used by search engines for document retrieval. Theresearchers tested their approach using more than 600 search queries (查询)on a database of 50 million Web pages. They selected the text-retheval searchengine with the best performance and modified it to make use of the additionalsemantic information extracted by their method from the pictures of the Webpages. They found that this produced a 30 percent improvement in precision overthe original search engine purely based on text.23. Paragraph 1 __D__24. Paragraph 2 __C__25. Paragraph 3 __E__26. Paragraph 4 __F__A.Popularity of the new systemB.Publication of the new discoveryC.Function of the new systemD.Artificial intelligence software createdE.Problems of the existing search enginesF.Improvement in document retrieval27. The new system does document retrieval by __C__.28. The new system is expected toimprove precision in __E__.29. When performing document retrieval the existing search engines ignore __A__30. The new system was found more effective in document search than the __B__rmation in imagesB.current popular search enginesing photosD.machine vision systemsE.document searchF.description of the HTML page第四部分：阅读理解第一篇：Better Solar Energy Systems: More Heat,More Light Solar photovoltaic thermal energy systems,or PVTs,generate both heat and electricity,but until now they haven't been very good at the heat-generating part compared to a stand-alone solar thermal collector.That's because they operate at low temperatures to cool crystalline silicon solar cells,which lets the silicon generate more electricity but isn'ta very efficient way to gather heat.That's a problem of economics.Good solar hot-water systems can harvest much more energy than a solar-electric system at a substantially lower cost.And it's also a space problem: photovoltaic cells can take up all the space on theroof,leaving little room for thermal applications.In a pair of studies,Joshua Pearce,anassociate professor of materials science and engineering,has devised a solution in the form of a better PVT made with a different kind of silicon.His research collaborators are Kunal Girotra from Thin Silicon in California and Michael Pathak and Stephen Harrison from Queen's University,Canada.Most solar panels are made with crystalline silicon,but you can also make solar cells out of amorphous silicon,commonly known as thin-film silicon.They don't create as much electricity,but they are lighter,flexible,and cheaper.And,because they require much less silicon,they have a greener footprint.Unfortunately,thin-filmsilicon solar cells are vulnerable to some bad-news physics in the form of the Staebler-Wronski effect."That means that their efficiency drops when you expose them to light—pretty much the worst possible effect for a solar cell,"Pearce explains,which is one of the reasons thin-film solar panels make up only a small fraction of the market.However,Pearce and his team found a way to engineer around the Staebler-Wronski effect by incorporating thin-film siliconin a new type of PVT.You don't have to cool down thin-film silicon to make it work.In fact,Pearce's group discovered that by heating it to solar-thermal operating temperatures,near the boiling point of water,they could make thicker cells that largely overcame the Staebler-Wronski effect.When they applied the thin-film silicon directly to a solar thermal energy collector,they also found that by baking the cell once a day,they boosted the solar cell's electrical efficiency by over 10 percent.31.PVTs are not efficient in CA.creating electricity.B.cooling silicon solar cells.C.generating heat.D.powering solar thermal collectors.32.One of the problems PVTs have is that DA.their thermala pplications are costly.B.they are too expensive to afford.C.it is hard to fix them on the roof.D.they occupy too much space.33.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an advantage of thin-film silicon solar cells? CA.They are flexible.B.They are less expensive.C.They are electrically efficient.D.They are environment friendly.34.Thin-film solar panels do not sell well on market because AA.they do not work well if exposed to light.B.their advantages are not well-recognized.C.they need improving in appearance.D.they are not advertised.35 Which of the following statements is true? CA.New techniques have been developed to produce thin-film silicon.B Thin-film silicon works efficiently at low temperature.C Thin-film silicon's electrical efficiency improves when heated up.D Anew material enlarging the Staebler-WronsKi effect has been created.第二篇：Face Masks May Not Protect from Super-Flu1 If a super-flu strikes, face masks may not protect you. Whether widespread use of masks will help, or harm, during the next worldwide flu outbreak is a question that researchers are studying furiously. No results have come from their mask research yet. However, the government says people should consider wearing them in certain situations anyway, just in case1.2 But it's a question the public keeps asking while the government are making preparations for the next flu pandemic. So the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) came up with2preliminary guidelines. "We don't want people wearing them everywhere," said the CDC. "The overall recommendation really is to avoid exposure."3 When that's not possible3, the guidelines say to consider wearing a simple surgical mask if you are in one of the three following situations. First, you're healthyand can't avoid going to a crowded place. Second, you're sick and think you may have close contact with the healthy, such as a family member checking on you4. Third, you live with someone who's sick and thus might be in the early stages of infection, but still need to go out.4 Influenza pandemics can strike when the easy-to-mutate flu virus shifts toa strain that people never have experienced. Scientists cannot predict when the next pandemic will arrive, although concern is rising that the Asian bird flu might trigger one if it starts spreading easily from person to person.5 During the flu pandemic, you should protect yourself. Avoid crowds, and avoid close contact with the sick unless you must care for someone. Why aren't masks added to this self-protection list? Because they can help trap virus-laden droplets flying through the air with a cough or sneeze. Simple surgical masks only filter the larger droplets. Besides, the CDC is afraid masks may create a false sense of security. Perhaps someone who should have stayed home would don anill-fitting mask and hop on the subway5 instead.6 Nor does flu only spread through the air6. Say7 someone covers a sneeze with his or her hand, then touches a doorknob or subway pole8. If you touch that spot next and then put germy hands on your nose or mouth, you've been exposed. It's harder to rub your nose while wearing a mask and so your face may get pretty sweaty under masks. You reach under to wipe that sweat, and may transfer germscaught on the outside of the mask straight to the nose. These are the problems face masks may create for their users.7 Whether people should or should not use face masks still remains a question. The general public has to wait patiently for the results of the mask research scientists are still doing.36.What is the passage mainly about?A.Widespread use of face masks.B.Possibility of a worldwide flu outbreak.C.New discoveries of a face mask research.D.Effectiveness of wearing face masks.答案：D37.The CDCsuggests that peopleA.stay alone when being sick.B.wear face masks when going to a crowded place.C.wear face masks wherever possible.D.reamin at home if living with someone who’s sick答案：B38.The word ‘that’in paragraph 3 refers toA.making preparatins.B.avoiding exposure.ing up with guidelines.D.wearing face masks everywhere.答案：B39.Which of following statements is true?A.Scientistswarn the next flu is coming soon.n bird flu is spreading easily from person to person.C.Masksprotect people because they keep viruses away.D.Masksare not effective if a flu strikes.答案：D40.One of the concerns the CDC has is tehat.A.masks may give people a wrong assumption of being safe.B.the sick may not wear and go out.C.fiuvims may spresd via public transportation.D.healthy people may not know how to protect themselves.答案：A第三篇：What's killing the BatsFirst it was bees.Now it is bats.Biologists in America are working hard to discover the cause of the mysterious deaths of tens of thousands of bats in the northeastern part of the country.Most of the bats affected are the common little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus,) but other species,such as the long-eared bat,the small-footed hat,the eastern pipistrelle,and the Indiana bat have also been affecteD.In some caves,more than 90 percent of the bat populations have died.One possibility is disease.A white fungus (真菌)known as fusarium has been found on the noses of both living and dead bats.However,scientists don't know If the fungus is the primary cause of death,a secondary cause of death,or not a cause at all,but the result of some other conditions.Another possible cause is a lack of fooD.For example,bats typically eat a large number of moths (蛾),and in some states such as New York,the number of moths has been declining in recent years.If bats can't eat enough food,they starve to death.Still other scientists believe that global warming is to blame.Warmer temperatures in recent years have been waking up hibernating (冬眠)bats earlier than usual.If bats break their hibernation at the wrong time,they might not find their expected food sources.The weather might also turn cold again and weaken or kill the bats.Scientists might not agree on the causes of the bat die-off,but they do agree on the consequences.Bats are an important predator of mosquitoes; a single brown bat can eat 1,000 or more insects in an hour.They also eat beetles and other insects that damage plant crops.If there aren't enough bats,damage will be great from the insects they eat While bats live a long time for their size 一the little brown bat can live for more than 30 years 一a female bat has only one baby per year,so bat populations grow slowly.Many bat species in the United States are already protected or endangered.How can you help? Do not disturb sleeping or nesting bats.If you discover bate that seem to be sick or that are dead,contact your local Fish& Wildlife Department with the details.However,be careful not to touch the animals.41.What is the main idea of this passage?A.All species of bats in North America are dying.B.Scientists already know the cause of the deaths of batsC.The bat deaths are a serious problem.D.There are many possible causes of the deaths of bats. 答案: D42.What does the first sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?A.Bees have been dying mysteriously.B.The first article on the website is about bees.C.Bees usually die before bats.D.It was bees that caused the deaths of bats.答案: A43.The word"pipistrelle" in Paragraph 1 refers toA.a kind of fungus.B.an area in the U.S.C.a special cave.D.a kind of bat.答案: D44.The "moths" in Paragraph 3 are taken as an example ofA.diseases that kill bats.B.Insects that bats eat.C.animals that have diseases.D.bat species that are starving to death.答案: D45.What is the purpose of the last paragraph? DA.To get people to stop killing bats.B.To hire workers for the Fish & Wildlife Department.C.To ask people not to touch dead bats.D.To tell the public how to help bats.第五部分：补全短文Gorillas have a word for itKokois the first gorilla to have been taught sign language (a way of communicatingby using hands and fingers rather than speech).With a vocabulary of more than1000 words,she is the first to prove we share a world with other intelligentbeings who feel emotions,look forward to celebrations and also have a sense ofhumour.The30-year study of Koko has redefined science's concept of gorilla intelligence.According to some scientists,genetically there is only a 2% difference betweengorillas and humans: we share the same blood type,have the same number ofhairs per square inch and also the same temperament.But what had not beenrecognised by the scientific community was that gorillas have the ability tolearn a language and have complex emotions.Kokolives in the Santa Cruz mountains in North America,in a wooded spotoverlooking a valley.She has her own home,with curtains,and a nest ofblankets,which is her bed,in one corner.She has a barrel on which she likesto sit when talking to humans - gorillas feel more secure when they can lookdown on others - while her toys are spread everywhere.In addition she has anoutside enclosure where she spends her days when it is not raining.Itis her conversations with her teacher,Dr Penny Patterson,that are inspiring.Penny explains:The reality of my discovery is that our abilities as humans,our skills,sensibilities and emotions are very similar to the greatapes.Whatwe have learnt is that gorillas are more complex than we ever imagined.Whenshe began teaching Koko sign language,placing the little fingers of theone-year-old gorilla into the correct positions for drink,eat,more,andrewarding her with food,Dr Patterson had no idea how quickly Koko would learn.“At first,it seemed Koko was using sign language as a tool to get something,"says Patterson.'It became the kind of reward system that you could expect of acat or a dog.But early in her training,she began to combine signs that mademe think she was capable of more.Now Koko is so proficient in sign languagethat if she doesn't know a word she invents one.For example,she didn't knowthe word for ring,so she combined the signs for finger and bracelet toexpress it.DrPatterson continues:Koko loves babies and young people.And when she is askedwhat gorillas like best,she always says "Gorilla love eat,good".Oneof Patterson's favourite stories demonstrates Koko's sense of humour.When avisitor asked her to show him something scary,she held up a mirror to his face!WhenPatterson asked her what she would like for her 11th birthday,Koko signed thatshe wanted a cat.The story of Koko's cat enabled Patterson to learn more abouther student: the cat was hit by a car and Patterson had to break the news toKoko,who signed cry,sad,frown.Then,once alone,Patterson heard Koko makethe gorilla's distress call: a loud series of hoots.Fromthe age of three,Koko shared her accommodation with Michael who was intendedas a mate.However,Michaeldied suddenly two years ago of a heart attack.‘Koko went into a depressionfollowing Michael's death,says Patterson.‘She would sit for hours with herhead hung low looking upset.DrPatterson asked her if she was looking forward to moving toHawaii,wherePatterson is raising money to build a gorilla refuge.Koko signed Yes,provided she could have curtains in her new home!第六部分：完形填空Robotic Highway ConesA University of Nebraska professor has developed robotic cones and barrels.These robotic cones and barrels can move out of the way,or into(51)____ from computer commands made miles away.They can even be programmed to move on their own1 at any particular part of the day,said Shane Fanitor,an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at Nebraska.For example,if workers arrived at 6 am,the cones could move from the side of the highway to(52)____ off the lane at that time.And they can return to the(53)____ place at the end of the day."It just seems likea very good application for robots," Farritor said."The robotic cones would also help(54)____ people from hazardous jobs on the highway putting barrels and cones into place," Fanitor said in a report oh his creation.Work on the idea began in using a National Academy of Sciencesgrant.The(55)____ allowed Farritor to work on the project with graduate students2 at Nebraska and his assistant Steve Goddard.The robots are placed at the bottomof the cones and barrels and are(56)____ enough not to greatly change the appearance of the construction aides."It would look exactly the same,"Farritor said."(57)____ there's a kind of rubbery,black base to them.Were place that(58)____ a robot.Farritor has talked with officials from the Nebraska Department of Roads about how the robots would be most(59)____to what they3 might need.The robots could come in handy4 following a slow-moving maintenance operation,like painting a stripe on a road or moving asphalt,(60)____ now the barrels have to be picked up and moved as the operation (61)____."That way you don't have to block off a 10-mile strip forthe operation,5" Fanitor said.(62)____prototypes have been made,they are not in use anywhere.Farritor said he has (63)____ for apatent and is considering what to do next.Heis thinking about starting a small business.He is also thinking about(64)____the robots to roads departments and others across the country who7 may (65)____from them.51.A. work B. place C. order D. a ction答案：B52.A. block B. cut C. set D. turn答案：A53.A .clean B. important C. entire D. original 答案：D54.A.empty B.observe C.removeD.instruct 答案：C55.A.ideaB.report C.demandD.fund答案：D56.A.helpfulB.beautiful C.smallD.huge答案：C57.A.kindlyB.NormallyC.GreatlyD.Strangely 答案：B58.A.atB.onC.inD.with答案：DefulD.visible答案：C60.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.what答案：B61.A.proceeds B.functionsC.finishesD.improves 答案：A62.A.ifB.whileC.sinceD.because答案：B63.A.appliedB.askedC.calledD.argued答案：A64.A.savingB.marketingC.movingtD.devising 答案：B65.A.benefitB.protectC.learnD.inspire答案：A。

环球职业教育在线整理转载请注明出处2004年职称英语等级考试试题答案及题解理工类(A级)第l部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth．A take outB break offC push inD dig up2 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September．A playB showC sendD tell3 This table is strong and durable．A long-lastingB extensiveC far-reachingD eternal4 He endured great pain before he finally expiredA firedB resignedC diedD retreated5 The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror．A smilingB laughingC shoutingD staring6 The index is the government’s chief．gauge of future economic activityA measureB opinionC methodD decision7 It’s sensible to start any exercise program gradually at first．A workableB reasonableC possibleD available8 A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated water．A boiledB pollutedC mixedD sweetened9 You have to be patient if you want to sustain your positionA maintainB betterC acquireD support10 She stood there，trembling with fear．A jumpingB cryingC movingD shaking11 Medical facilities are being upgraded．A expandedB repairedC improvedD transferred12 Rock climbing is hazardousA interestingB dangerousC attractiveD useful13 John is eligible for this job．A acceptedB recommendedC rejectedD recommended14 In order to improve our standard of living，we have to accelerate production．A involveB decreaseC speed upD give up15 Mary looked pale and weary．A worriedB uglyC sillyD exhausted第2部分：阅读判断(第16~22题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

职称英语考试真题及答案理工类A级词汇选项2015年职称英语考试真题及答案理工类A级词汇选项2017年职称英语考试复习已经开始，为了让大家了解职称英语考试难易程度，下面yjbys网店铺为大家提供了职称英语历年考试真题及答案详解，以下是2015年职称英语考试真题及答案理工类A级词汇选项。

第1部分：词汇选项(第1——15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class.A. controlB. observeC. regulateD. accept2. She showed a natural aptitude for the work.A. senseB. talentC. flavorD. taste3. Most people find rejection hard to accept.A. excuseB. clientC. refusalD. destiny4. The organization was bold enough to face the press.A. pleasedB. powerfulC. braveD. sensible5. They were locked in mortal combat.A. deadlyB. openC. actualD. active6. We were attracted by the lure of quick money.A. amountB. supplyC. temptD. sum7. The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent.A. clearB. necessaryC. specialD. correct8. The Stock Exchange is in turmoil following a huge wave of selling.A. ServiceB. dangerC. disorderD. threat9. He believes that Europe must change or it will perish.A. surviveB. lastC. dieD. move10. There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next build.A. fairB. full C .coexisting D. public11. They promote assimilation of ethnic groups into the main-stream culture.A. policyB. value C .equality D. integration12. A salesman’s cardinal rule is to satisfy customers.A. principalB. officialC. simpleD. legal13. I must compliment you on your handling of a very difficult situationA. silenceB. praise C .assure D. complain14. We lived for years in a perpetual state of fearA. emotionalB. nervousC. terribleD. Continuous15. The starving children were a pathetic sight.A. commonB. unexpectedC. unforgettableD. pitiful参考答案：1-5. D B C C A6-10. C A C C C11-15. D A B D D。

职称英语理工类词汇试题及答案解析职称英语理工类词汇试题及答案解析以下是店铺整理的职称英语理工类词汇试题及答案解析，希望对大家有所帮助1. We need to extract the relevant financial data.A. storeB. obtainC. saveD. review2. His shoes were shined to perfection.A. clearedB. polishedC. washedD. mended3. She always finds fault with everything.A. simplifiesB. evaluatesC. criticizesD. examines4. Anderson left the table, remarking that he had some work to do.A. doubtingB. thinkingC. sayingD. knowing5. They converted the spare bedroom into an office.A. reducedB. movedC. reformedD. turned6. Mr. Henley has accelerated his sale of shares over the past year.A. heldB. increasedC. expectedD. offered7. We have to act within the existing legal framework.A. limitB. procedureC. statusD. system8. Jane said that she couldn't tolerate the long hours.A. spendB. takeC. standD. last9. At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.A. giveB. attachC. understandD. lose10. The view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular.A. generalB. traditionalC. strongD. magnificent11. Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer.A. admittedB. reportedC. hopedD. answered12. The police believe the motive for the murder was jealousy.A. choiceB. ideaC. decisionD. reason13. The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives.A. effortB. problemC. concernD. influence14. We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.A. offeredB. includedC. acceptedD. investigated15. The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.A. continuousB. relativeC. generalD. sharp。

2011年全国职称英语等级考试真题及答案理工类（A级）第一部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1 For some obscure reason, the simple game is becoming very popular.A unclearB obviousC majorD minor2 The sea turtle's natural habitat has been considerably reduced.A greatlyB suddenlyC generallyD slightly3 I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch.A instructingB notifyingC pushingD inviting4 It is possible to approach the problem in a different way.A raiseB poseC experienceD handle5 The decision to invade provoked storms of protest.A ignoredB organizedC causedD received6 Jane said that she couldn't tolerate the long hours.A spendB takeC lastD stand7 At 80, Peck was still vigorous and living in Paris.A energeticB happyC aloneD busy8 Forester stared at his car, trembling with rage.A shakingB turningC jumpingD shouting9 A young man is being hailed a hero tonight after rescuing two children.A reportedB provedC praisedD caught10 I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse.A anxiousB sureC sadD afraid11 At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.A giveB attachC loseD understand12 Anderson left the table, remarking that he had some work to do.A doubting Bsaying C thinking D knowing13 He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source.A maintainedB recommendedC consideredD acknowledged14 The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.A relativeB generalC continuousD sharp15 She always finds fault with everything.A criticizesB simplifiesC evaluatesD examines第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。