BFT听力常考专有名词

专四听力常见的英语词汇专四的英语听力对于有的考生来说还是有点困难的，但是注意积累一些专四听力常见的词汇，就会轻松不少。

下面，为大家送上一些专四听力常见的英语词汇。

apply for请求，申请apply to the consul for a visa向领事申请签证apply a theory to practice把理论应用于实践apply a plaster to a wound 给伤口贴上膏药apply paint to a house油漆房屋apply one's mind专心于……expense n.费用，开支accounts账目，账号fashionable adj.时.流行的'，时髦的a fashionable hairdo时髦的女发型become fashionable for a time风靡一时lounge n.休闲室go sightseeing观光a sightseeing car游览汽车a sightseeing party参观团a sightseeing tour旅游观光means n.(用作sing.)方法;方式;手段a means to an end达到目的的方法by all means务必;无论如何;千方百计地by any means [口]用一切可能的方法或手段by fair means or foul不择手段地by means of 通过;用;借助于by no means决不，一点也不by some means or (other)想个办法;以某种方法leave no means untried想尽一切办法not by any means一点也不，绝对不The end justifies the means.[谚]只要目的正当，可以不择手段。

pot n.罐，壶windbox n.窗台上的花盆箱，窗槛花箱pastime n.消遣，娱乐life-pattern 生活方式effect [i'fekt] n. 结果，效果，作用，影响The old system is still in effect. 旧制度仍然有效。

社会科学：1.Economy and bussiness(经济与商业)(1)regulation）1（market pattern(市场形态)---self-sufficient economy自给自足的自然经济---a pure free market economy自由的市场经济（no government intervention/involvement没有政府的干预= 并列关系Free competition自由竞争---monopoly垄断---anti-trustlegislation反托拉斯立法-反垄断---transportation—railroad—oil---financial）---a central government controled/administrated economy计划经济---mixed economy混合经济（social regulation宏观调控---A. aim/purposea. to aviod monopoly宏观调控[make profits挣利润]b.to aviod fraud(经济上欺诈)c.to maintain the stability/saftyof the societyd.to aviod the manipulationfrom the stock holders,security holders and futureholders(股票，证券，期货的恶意操控)---financialmarket(微观调控)B.methoda.tax/taxationernment:spending/expenditure(支出) (2)demand and supply）1（valuation regulation价值规律---考点：relation, case study/analysis(案例研究，分析)---把握目的，位置决定目的（revaluation/appreciation升值；devaluation贬值）(3)marketing(营销) strategy(战略)）1（M & A=merge and accquisition兼并和重组---A.brand sense品牌理念=brand name+artificial meaning/concept/notation(品牌理念)√[case]B.mass media method大众传播手段---advertisement；commercial(特制电视商业有偿广告)；Interneta.logo(商标)b.spokepersonc.introduction(spokesperson---celebrity)d.slogan(标语)---concept(理念)C.contrast对比[cases]---10—记字头D.brand---loyalty品牌忠诚度a.attempt试用b.expansion of productsc.platform平台E.localization本土化（对于跨国公司，跨地公司）a.taste品位b.culture/belief信仰c.cunsumer-testing消费心理，消费习惯公司规模：Agency/firm---company---corporation,enterprise---JV=Joint Venture合资企业---MNC=Multinational Corporation跨国公司(4)business management---human resource(人力资源)[case---e-Person=executive-person高管]---CEO（首席执行官），CFO（首席财政官），CTO （首席技术官），COO（首席运营总监），CAO（游戏公司-首席娱乐总监）A.qualities.---各种执行官pany---success/failureC.theory理论2.Philosophy(哲学)听力中4位有名的哲学家：Socrates(苏格拉底), Plato(柏拉图), Aristotle(亚里士多德), John Dewey(约翰杜威)建树是不变的：(1)Socrates苏格拉底(被绞死)：---柏拉图的老师规律：谈到苏格拉底必谈柏拉图metaphysics(形而上学派)(2)Plato柏拉图《The Republic》理想国---柏拉图最著名的著作，其实是他和他老师苏格拉底共同的功绩：Academy：西方哲学史上，开创了第一家讲哲学思想的学堂：“学源”---1.教育Education---2.伦理道德Ethics(3)Aristotle亚里士多德：）1（他的哲学思想遍及领域之广无人能及方面：physics, natural science, politics, arts, poetics(诗学)）2（但大多数哲学思想在后来一一被推翻）3（是西方哲学思想的奠基人---积极评价）4（当晚年只研究一个领域---伦理道德Ethics---幸福happiness(4)John Dewey约翰杜威---pragmatics实用主义哲学---education教育（专门研究）（philosopher哲学家, thinker思想家, educator教育家））1（率先提出了教育应该全民教育(no social rank education)-无差别，无社会等级教育）2（理论联系实际(“put into practice” theory)）3（个人教育可以带动全民教育(individual education)3.Art History(难题，艺术历史)---所有艺术史文章的考点：该艺术时期的最大特点(hallmark)代表人物(person)代表作品(work)代表人物的第一人第一作(first)诞生的背景和后期给社会带来的影响(background+effect)鼎盛时期的发展情况(peak,summit Baroque巴洛克时期---Music,Fine Arts,Architecture---考点：emotional感性艺术,extreme ornamentation极端的装修装饰dissonance对称,中轴线（又臭又长）Music：(1)trill(颤音)/grace notes修饰音符(2)orchestra(管弦乐队)/symphony(交响乐队)(3)F(发)/B(西)---音名---semi-tone半音阶的使用(4)Opera(歌剧)---鼎盛时期(5)concerto(协奏曲)，sonata(奏鸣曲)Music代表人物：Monteverdi Claudio蒙特威尔第.克劳迪奥！！---歌剧之父，巴洛克音乐之父代表作：Orfeo/Orfio《奥菲欧》鼎盛时期：Technique-oriented纯技术导向的---只有技术没有艺术---以歌剧(Opera)为最Choir唱诗班/巴洛克前期的合唱团---唱merit(赞美歌)---早期用童男童女(纯洁)鼎盛时期比的是谁唱的大声唱的高(男的变声)---出现阉人歌手(eunuch performer/singer)后期分声部(V oices)—理性时期---tenor男高音baritone男中音soprnao男低音mezzo-soprnao女高音alto女中音，女低音Arts：鲁本斯(Robins)---是欧洲第一个巴洛克式的画家---代表作品：Bless Peace《祝福和平》---巴洛克美术之父鼎盛时期：先炫技：比颜色的艳丽(多)---color，线条的复杂性---line complexity 后炫画布(canvas)后期都回归理性Architecture：Appliance实用性—所以不存在过于“炫”特点：(1)huge pillar大型立柱(2)Floating sculpture浮雕(3)mural/fresco壁画Renaissance文艺复兴时期---理性艺术rational art----哲学中也考（内容一样）启蒙运动Enlightenment---相互影响，时间上启蒙运动先人性humanismb 达芬奇Da Vinci美德merit by nature艺术与科学art scienceImpressionism意象派---哲学中也考（乌托邦派utopianism/理想主义派idealism）只限于绘画和音乐---特点：utopianism乌托邦派/idealism理想主义派abstract抽象Imagination/illusion幻想No accompany无伴奏Vague coloration模糊色彩处理Romantics浪漫主义---偏文学---关键词：(1)elaboration修辞(2)Romantic≠love---会进行对比comparison…(3)Wordsworth的生平(life)---最鼎盛时期是早期作品的第一阶段---文章容易出题Work(代表作)-早期第一阶段-代表作不确定Drama戏剧---Neo-classics新古典主义Performance表演艺术Actor/actoress演员Theater舞台（装饰）---注意比较概念---容易出题Compared with Romantic和浪漫主义进行对比注意听：Difference；Advantages/Disvantages：strengh/weakness演员，舞台设计搭配之间的优劣点代表人物：Wordsworth华兹华斯Photorealism照片写实主义---Fine Art---VS---Impressionism---写实，关键，特点：(1)Detail细节(2)reflection:mirror/window镜像画代表人物：七类代表人物---听到新人就记4.History and Anthropology5.Mass Communication(大众传播)6.Political Science地球科学：1.地质地理题：山---Alps阿尔卑斯山Amdes安第斯山脉Rockies罗基山脉Applachians阿巴拉奇亚山Cascades卡斯卡达山脉St.Helens圣海伦斯山山的考法：(1)formation/age形成方式和年代的概念---注意数字(height,length,altitude,age)Range；mountain ranges山脉）1（collision of tectonic plates板块的挤压，碰撞（原因：Plate Tectonic板块构造说Continental Drifting大陆漂移学说Plate movementHotspot热力点 temperature---crust,mantle,core---在mantle---有lava/magama---导致Plate movment）2（during volcanic eruption/action火山爆发（原因：rock---cool downigneous rock火山岩(2)volcano---eruption/erupt考点：classification分类）1（eruption cycle喷发周期（三种火山：active volcano活火山Inactive/extinct volcane死火山Dormant volcane休眠火山=潜在的活火山）2（eruption intensity喷发强度（两种火山：shield volcano盾状火山---没事喷着玩由火山结构决定特点：形状像盾牌，喷发周期短，喷发强度小Composite volcano复式火山---很多层---导致火山的内部压强大(pressure)密度大(density)特点：喷发周期强，喷发强度大听的方法：听火上的类型(type)；听火上的位置(与山的关系---与哪个山相连)(location—other mountain)次生灾害(productive disasters)---火山灰(ash cloud/volcanic ash)地震(earthquake)山崩(landslide)------常说道：Cascade是雪山---终年低温常年积雪---雪崩(avalanche)泥石流(mudslide)杀生(kill creatures)听调查和调查者(survey&research reaults)听火山由静到动的过程(process)湖(Great Lakes)---五大湖---最大湖：Superior最西边----背的方法：SHMEO二大湖：Huron三大湖：Michigan---全部湖水面积都在美国本土第四湖：Erie第五湖：Ontraio最东边都属于：Freshwater lake淡水湖=Sweetwater lake最常考点：咸淡对比---湖水文章经常对比的出题---盐湖saltwater lake---Great Salt Lake位于Utah---容易对比对比方面：(1)date(2)structure---outlet出口—出盐分(3)climate---evaporation amount蒸发量(4)prehistoric lake史前湖---eg：Great Salt lake---Bonnevile Lake邦纳维尔湖海---考点：(1)oceanic volcanic island海洋火山岛---火山周围的海容易长atoll(环状珊瑚岛)---tropical热带，sub-tropical亚热带容易长常见：lagoon泻湖---海洋火山经过长时间的风化侵蚀没了，但是珊瑚还在，造成珊瑚岛周围的海水稳定高---适合mass spawn大规模产卵(2)oceanic current洋流---plankton浮游生物---洋流的交汇可以使得大量的浮游生物的营养物质翻转---特点：死后释放出毕生所吸收的所有海洋元素，供下一代浮游生物享用---靠喝水存活(吸收海水中nutrition)---冷暖流(cold current/warm current)结论：1.temperature gap---温度差horizontal movement2.density gap---密度差verticle movement(3)iceberg/glacier冰山，冰川---冰山顶：ice cap冰底：ice bottom冰层：ice layer/ice sheet）1（formation process形成（核心词：refrozen再冻---remelt再化的循环circulation---把Air---compress挤出(weight主要原因是重力) ）2（movement运动（核心词：velocity速度）3（condition条件（A.frozen snow冻雪B.conserved/permanent low temperature常年低温C.frozen snow→frequently→fern积雪=accumulated snow）4（enviroment/ecology环境和生态（关键方面：climate/landscape）矿石洞：石(rock)：igneous rock火成岩，火山岩（lava---cool down）Sedimentary rock沉积岩，水成岩（eroded by sea/water/ocean water）Metamorphic rock变质岩（stress压力/pressure压强/heat高温）矿(ore)---element(元素)：Oxygen氧气Nitrogen氮Silicon硅（注意读法）Carbon碳Aluminum（注意读法）Calcium钙（注意读法）Sodium钠Iron铁Potassium钾Magnesium镁Titanium钛Hydrogen氢Chloric氯Amino氨Methane甲烷Lead铅Oxide(氧化物)：Monoxide一氧化物Dioxide二氧化物Trioxide三氧化物Peroxide过氧化物洞(cave)---cave-man原始人(1)solution cave酸溶洞（weak/mild acid由中酸，弱酸溶解而成的）(2)sea cave（eroded by water经水侵蚀）(3)lava cave（after volcanic action火山运动之后）2.天文学(Astronomy)(1)9 planets---Mercury水星；Venus金星；Earth地球；Mars火星；Jupiter木星；Saturn土星；Uranus天王星；Neptune海王星；Pluto冥王星(2)solar system太阳系Earth-moon system地月系Galaxy星系(3)luminous/ring/aurora(4)Earth-shape形状/revolution转动生命科学：1.Fly苍蝇：特点：visual systm视觉系统(compound eye复眼)复眼结构(structure)：成千上万的晶状体小眼(ommatidium)构成了一个复眼，并且附着在复眼的表面上复眼特点(features)：时好时坏(1)在一定视觉范围内，复眼对于动态事物高度敏感，静态事物高度近视(2)不能分辨组合图形和立体事物---只能看到平面的2.Bat蝙蝠：特点：auditory system听觉系统器官(organ)：inner ear内耳；tympana中耳；auricle外耳；auditory canal听管；vibrating membrane/disc震动鼓膜、骨盘；eardrum耳膜器官特点(feature)：inner ear→pronunciation/different sound/signalTympana→passage只是声音的通道，预防内耳的病Auricle→collect waves收集声波,decoration装饰(mammal哺乳动物---才有外耳)Auditory canal→birds鸟类(长一个或者两个)Vibrating membrane/disc→蛙跳类动物---decoration装饰有的长在knee膝盖/gill腮→考点：只能辨别声音的存在不能辨别声音的含义，内容蝙蝠专有：Echolocation回声定位系统---利用ultarsound超声波3.defensive system防御系统---monarch butterfly黑脉精斑蝶(1)camouflage伪装Eg:monarch butterfly---特点：在太阳光的照射下，金斑变成惨绿色斑点，与绿叶颜色相同濒临灭绝原因---endangered insect：---等死）1（bump撞死）2（caterpillar---color,horizontal stripe有彩色，横条状---挑食---饿死starve）3（pollinator传粉者---只对着一朵花采，直到采死花为止---nectar花蜜，花粉---被花农毒死(爱恨交加---采的速度快)Disguise伪装：）1（environmental color环境色相一致---最常变绿色）2（location color位置颜色(2)mobbing围攻）1（group living=gregarious residence群居）2（small…没有固定说法---体积弱小）3（predator→prey(叫人)---turnover逆转predator←prey捕食者--被捕食者(3)warning color警告色Natural enemy’s color A黑→B白→C红---evolution进化---导致C遇到B时自然的变成了“黑色”---起到了防御的作用两种情况使得警告色失效：）1（时间长了知道了，聪明---不多见）2（B动物饿疯了(4)poison liquid/gas =毒液，毒气。

英语专业四级听力高频新闻用词一：常用国家名Republic of Liberia 利比里亚；Republic of South Africa 南非Republic of Cameroon 喀麦隆；Republic of Zimbabwe 津巴布韦Federal Republic of Nigeria 尼日利亚；Democratic Republic of the Congo 刚果民主共和国；Arab Republic of Egypt 埃及；Republic of the Sudan 苏丹Republic of Rwanda 卢旺达；Somali Republic 索马里Israel 以色列；Lebanon 黎巴嫩；Qatar 卡塔尔；Saudi Arabia 沙特；Oman 阿曼；Palestine 巴勒斯坦；Jordan 约旦；Iraq 伊拉克；Kuwait 科威特；Syria 叙利亚；二：常用新闻度量词kilometer 千米；gallon 加仑；feet 英尺；ounce 盎司；inch 英寸；pound磅；mile 英里；kilogram 公斤；yard 码quart 夸脱三：常用法律类新闻词汇execute 处决；lawyer 律师；bail 保释；penalty 刑罚；procurator 检察官；appeal 诉请arrest 逮捕；hanging 绞刑；judge 法官；accusation 指控；defend 辩护；lease出租；mortgage 抵押；embezzlement 侵吞，盗用；illegal diversion非法转移；ownership 所有权； a written contract书面合同；transfer 转让；compensation补偿；contract terms 合同条款；merger兼并；Supreme Court 最高法院；immunity 豁免，豁免权；legitimation 合法化；abolish 废止；International law 国际法；offender 罪犯；Right of asylum 避难权；constitutional law 宪法；Military law 军法；labour laws 劳工法；extradite 引渡；adjudgment 宣布，审判；principal 主犯；amnesty 特赦；outlaw 放逐；repatriate 遣返；suspect 嫌疑犯；torture 拷问，拷打；penalize 惩罚；felony 重罪；sanction 制裁；bribe 贿赂；acquit 宣布无罪，无罪释放：免除或者洗脱指控或控告；verdict （陪审团）裁决，判决，判断，定论，结论；death penalty 死刑；litigant 诉讼人；civil and criminal trial courts 民事和刑事法庭；codex （圣书，古代典籍）抄本，法律，规则，药典；jurisdiction 司法权，裁判权：解释和运用法律权利；ordinance 法令，训令，布告，条例，圣餐礼，老式风俗习惯；四：常用联合国机构名称United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization 联合国粮食农业组织Security Council 联合国安理睬Economic and Social Council 经济与社会理事会United Nation Children’s Fund 联合国小朋友基金会United Nations Industrial Development Organization 联合国工业发展组织United Nations Development Program 联合国开发筹划处Special Committee on Peace-keeping Operations 维护和平活动特别委员会International Labor Organization 国际劳工组织International Atomic Energy Agency 国际原子能组织World Federation of Trade Unions 世界劳工组织五：常用娱乐类新闻词汇celebrity 名人；news conference 新闻发布会；pop chart 流行榜；signature 签名；Honorary Academy Award 终身成就奖；show tour 巡演；premiere 首映；column 专栏；Director 导演；award ceremony 颁奖典礼；Miss World 世界小姐；Hollywood 好莱坞；box office 票房；Soap Opera 肥皂剧；superstar 超级明星；Producer 制作人；movie star 影星；Oscar-winner 奥斯卡获奖演员；film fans 影迷；六：常用新闻场合名称Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Center 香港会展中心；White House 美国白宫；Library of congress 美国国会图书馆；Yasukuni Shrine （日本）靖国神社；Buckingham Palace （英国）白金汉宫；Avenue des champs-elyses 香榭丽舍大街；New York Stock Exchange 纽约证券交易所；Elysée Palace （法国）爱丽舍宫；The British Museum 大英博物馆；Central Park （美国）中央公园七：常用自然灾害名称volcano eruption 火山爆发；flood 洪水；tsunami 海啸；sandstorm 沙尘暴；forest/brush fire 森林/灌木丛火灾；mudslide 泥石流；earthquake 地震；tornado 飓风，龙卷风；drought 旱灾；snowstorm 暴风雪；devastation 毁坏；hurricane 飓风，狂风cyclone 暴风，龙卷风；miserable 痛苦，悲惨，可怜demolish 毁坏，破坏，推翻，粉碎；disaster 劫难，天灾，灾祸；plague 瘟疫，麻烦，苦恼，灾祸；depredate 掠夺，毁坏；doom 厄运，毁灭，死亡，世界末日；fatality 命运决定事物，不幸，灾祸，天命；八：常用巴以问题新闻词汇Jewish settler 犹太定居者；cease-fire 停火；road map 中东和平路线图；Israeli-Palestinian conflict 巴以冲突；withdrawal from Gaza 从加沙撤退；Islamic Resistance Movement 伊斯兰抵抗运动；assassination 暗杀；Body bomb 人体炸弹；Occupied Territories 被占领土；Hamas group 哈马斯组织；cease –fire 停火，停火合同；cordon off 布置警戒线戒严；deadlock 僵局；funeral procession 送葬行列；denounce 指责，谴责；Gaza Strip 加沙地带；Go-it –alone policy 单边行动筹划；peace process 和平进程；Hardliner （主张）强硬路线者，强硬派；claim responsibility for…宣称对某事负责九：常用航天科技新闻词汇unmanned probe 无人探测；Satellite Launch Center 威信发射中心；Manned spacecraft 载人宇宙飞船；the launch tower 发射塔；astronaut 宇航员；shuttle 航天飞机；emergency landing 紧急降落；the re-entry capsule 返回舱；flight mission 飞行任务；definitive orbit 既定轨道external tank 外壳；command module 指令舱；launch a satellite 发射卫星；launch pad 发射台；ladder 扶梯；lunar module 登月舱；Telstar 通信卫星；multistage rocket 多级火箭；Artificial satellite 人造卫星；solar cell 太阳电池；十：常用天文新闻词汇comet 彗星；milky way 银河；fixed star 恒星；shooting star 流星；interplanetary 行星际；cosmos 宇宙；solar system 太阳系；asteroid 小行星；eclipse 食，日蚀，月蚀；satellite 卫星；十一：常用犯罪新闻词汇kidnapping 右拐，拐骗；murder 谋杀，凶杀；defalcation 挪用公款；bribe 贿赂；arson 纵火，纵火罪；robbery 抢劫罪；stealing 盗窃corruption 腐败，贪污；rape 强奸罪；fraud 欺诈；十二：常用网络科技新闻词汇online service 在线服务；searching engine 搜索引擎；digital divide 数字鸿沟；Internet-based 以网络为基本；e-commerce 电子商务；electronic platform 电子化平台；community portal 社区门户；online consultation 在线征询；electronic banking 电子银行；e-government 电子政务；SPAM messages 垃圾电子邮件；cyber phobia 计算机恐惊症；Cyber surfing 网上冲浪；E-mail address电子邮件地址；Junk e-mail 垃圾电子邮件；cyber lover网络情人；Cyber cash 电子货币；E-journal电子期刊；Online transaction网上交易；hacker 电脑黑客；ID numbers 顾客号码；upload 上传；download下载；upgrade 升级；server服务器；BBS 电子布告栏系统；login登陆，注册Microsoft 微软；operating system操作系统；Windows 视窗操作系统；program程序；Software 软件；monitor显示屏Interface 界面；full screen全屏Homepage 主页；website网站；十三：常用财经证券新闻词汇DOW：Dow Jones Industrial average （DJIA）道琼斯工业指数；Tokyo’s Nikkei average 东京日经平均指数；A bear market 熊市； a bull market 牛市；Blue chip 绩优股；inscribed shares 记名式股票；The Standard and Poor’s 500 原则普尔500指数；NYSE，New York Stock Exchange 纽约证券交易所；NASDAQ：National Association of Securities Deal Automated Quotations纳斯达克指数；Bonus share 红股；Trade disputes 贸易争端；debenture 债券；deficit 赤字；deflate （通货）紧缩; depreciation (货币)贬值；depression 萧条，不景气；devaluation （货币）贬值；federal deficit 联邦赤字；budget 预算；bankroll 资金；arbitrage 套汇，套利交易；amortize 分期清偿；bonus 奖金，红利；antitrust 反托拉斯，反垄断；bearish 倾向下跌：引起，期盼或体现为股市价格下跌；bourse 交易所：证券交易所，尤指在欧洲大陆都市中交易所十四：常用政治问题新闻词汇1．政治问题sanction 制裁；anarchy 无政府状态；ballot 选票；boycott 联合抵制；truce 休战；activist 激进分子；asylum 政治庇护；bill 议案；violate 违背；treaty 协定；security forces 安所有队；cabinet内阁；campaign运动，选举；casualty伤亡；cease-fire 停火；diplomatic tie外交关系；armed forces 武装部队；ambassador大使，使节；expel 驱逐，放逐；inflation通货膨胀；reject 否决；democracy 民主；statement 声明；proposal 建议；interfere 干涉；domestic affairs 内政；unseat 罢免；resignation 辞职；protest 示威；impeach 弹劾；2．政治宣传politician 政治家，政客；propaganda宣传；prerogative 特权；tabloid小报（一种小版面报纸，以浓缩形式来报道新闻，普通伴有插图，并且经常是内容低俗，哗众取宠材料）3．政治机构或系统Parliament 国会House of Commons 下议院；Senate 参议院；senator 参议员；Congressman 国会/众议院议员；Court 法庭（院）House of Lords 上议院；autonomous 自治；Congress （美国等国）国会，议会；Legislature 立法机关，立法机构；Pentagon 五角大楼，美国国防部；CIA=Central Intelligence Agency 美国中央情报局；administration 管理，经营，行政部门；aristocracy 贵族，贵族政府，贵族统治Congressional 会议，大会，国会；bureaucracy 官僚，官僚作风，官僚机构；4．政治头衔及有关词President 总统；Deputy President 副总统；Premier 总理；Foreign Minister 处长；Secretary of State 国务卿；Finance Minister 财长Prime Minister 首相；Secretary-general 秘书长Chief Executive 行政长官；Chairman 主席dignitary 权贵，高官，（尤指教会中）显要人物；ally 同盟国，支持者seigneur 封建君主，诸侯；monarch 君主；sovran 君主，最高统治者；throne 王座，君主；5．更多政治用词：peace initiative 和平努力；campaign 竞选活动；despotism 专制；dictatorship 专政；bicameral 两院制caucus（政党）领导人秘密会议，核心小组会议；containment 围堵政策；credentials 外交使节所递国书，新任状；dystopia 反面乌托邦：一种想象中由于掠夺，压迫或恐怖导致生活条件极差国家和地区；national reconciliation 国民和解；intergovernmental 政府间；filibuster 阻碍议案通过；franchise 特权，公民权；hegemony 霸权；impeach （主美）弹劾，怀疑；enfranchise 予以选举权，予以自治权，解放；demonstration 示威；elect 选举；elector 合格选举人；majority 半数以上；poll 民意测验；protest 抗议；rally 集会；rebel 暴动；removal 撤职；seat 席terrorist suspects 恐怖分子嫌疑犯；chancellor 长官，大臣；sympathizers of AI Qaeda 基地组织支持者；Britain’s Terrorism Act 英国《反恐怖主义法案》；statesmanship 政治才干；summitry 最高档会议；suffrage 投票，选举权，参政权；stump 做政治演说，（在某地）做政治演说旅行；a diplomatic settlement 外交解决方式；ratchet up pressure 施加压力；cabinet （美）内阁；hostage 人质insurgency 叛乱，叛乱状态；rising 造反，叛乱revolt 反叛，叛乱：企图颠覆国家政权；insurgence 起义，造反，暴动,叛乱；insurrection 造反：公开反抗国内政权或已存在政府行为或事件；rebellion 反抗，对抗：对权威或已被接受老式习惯蔑视行为或体现；十五：常用环境问题新闻词汇global warming 全球变暖；drawdown 水位减少；desertification 沙漠化；acid rain 酸雨；soil erosion 水土流失；air pollution 大气污染；white pollution 白色污染；excess reclamation 过度开垦；thermal pollution 热污染；tropical island effect 热岛效应；emissions of carbon dioxide 二氧化碳排放；EPA=Environmental Protection Agency 美国环保署；contaminative 污染，弄脏了；smog 烟雾；Smeary 易弄脏；infectant 污染物，传染物；Global warming 全球变暖；Arbor Day 植树节（美国各州自行规定）；十六：常用经济改革新闻词汇economic reform 经济改革；free market 自由市场；strip bad assets off 剥离不良资产；keep the State-held shares 保持国有股；building redundant project 重复建设；state-controlled 国有；black case work 暗箱操作；closed –door policy 闭关政策；unfair competition 不合法竞争；scientific management 科学管理；十七：舞蹈用词cheerleader choreographer 拉拉队舞蹈指引break-dance 霹雳舞；disco=discotheque 迪斯科舞；go-go 戈戈舞，表演戈戈舞；step dance 踢踏舞；showgirl 歌舞女郎，广告女郎；slam dance 碰碰舞；hip hop 嬉蹦舞（曲）（一种街头卖艺舞蹈或乐曲）十八：常用新闻世界组织缩略语OPEC：Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油输出国组织；ASPAC：Asian and Pacific Economic Co-operation亚太理事会；APEC：Asian and Pacific Economic Co-operation亚太经济合伙论坛；OECD：Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development经济合伙与发展组织；ASEAN：Association of Southeast Asian Nations东南亚国家联盟；BIS：Bank for International Settlements国际结算银行；CACM：Central American Common Market中美洲共同市场；ECE：Economic Commission for Europe欧洲经济委员会；OAAPS：Organization for Afro-Asian People’s Solidarity亚非人民团结组织；CEMA：Council for Mutual Economic Aid经济互助委员会；UNICEF(United Nations International Children’s Emergency Find)联合国小朋友基金会；WHO(World Health Organization) 世界卫生组织；UNESCO(United Nations Educational，Scientific，and Cultural Organization) 联合国教诲，科学及文化组织；OAU 非洲，非洲统一组织；IOC (International Olympic Committee) 国际奥林匹克委员会=CIOCAP(Common Agriculture Policy) (欧共体)共同农业政策；IRS(Internal Revenue Service) 美国国税局；IFAD(International Fund for Agriculture and Development)国际农业发展基金；IBRD(International Bank for Reconstruction and Development国际复兴与开发银行；ITU(International Telecommunications Union)国际电信联盟；UNIDO(United Nations Industrial Development Organization)联合国工业开发组织；SC(Security Council ) 安理睬；UNU(United Nations University) 联合国大学；UNEP(United Nations Environment Programme) 联合国环境规划署；UNGA(United Nations General Assembly) 联合国大会十九：工业词汇logging 伐木；oil/Petroleum 石油；gas exploration 天然气开采；mining 采矿；metallurgy 冶金；drilling 钻探；quarry 采石；process 加工；generate electricity 发电；forging 锻造；二十：疾病及有关词汇cancer 癌症；cough 咳嗽；asthma 哮喘；pneumonia 肺炎；indigestion 消化不良；hepatitis 肝炎；flu 流感；diarrhea 痢疾；heat disease 心脏病；appendicitis 盲肠炎；terminally 晚期；euthanasia 安乐死；disabled 伤残；丧失能力；stupor 昏迷；contract 感染；insanity 精神错乱，疯狂；a degenerative disease 一种变性疾病；infirmity 虚弱：身体上疾病或虚弱，尤指老龄带来二十一：常用科技词汇：the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor 国际热核算验反映堆；nuclear 原子能；reactor 反映堆；heat energy 热能；fission 裂变；transmit 传导；accelerator 加速器；condense 浓缩；neutron 中子；laser-guide 激光制导；radiation发热，辐射，放射，放射线，放射物；voice recognition system 语音辨认系统；expertise 专家意见，专门技术；semiconductor 半导体；mechanistic 机械论学说，机械论；二十二：常浮现航空词汇nighttime flight 夜间飞行；Airlines 航空公司，航线；altitude 海拔高度；average speed 平均速度；navigation 航行；take-off and landing 起降；seat belt 安全带；air/life jacket 救生衣；airscrew 螺旋桨；parachute 降落伞；二十三：歧视、仇恨用词racism 种族歧视；taunt 辱骂，嘲弄；discrimination 差别待遇；rancor 深仇，长期怨恨；enmity 敌意，憎恨；animosity 憎恶，敌意，仇恨；hostility 敌意，恶意，不友善，敌对；animus 敌意，恶意；racialism （英）种族主义，人种偏见，种族歧视；prejudice 歧视，对特定群体、种族或宗教非理性怀疑或仇恨二十四：常浮现学科名称mathematics 数学；psychology 心理学；education science 教诲学；literature 文学；logic 逻辑学；ethics 伦理学；economics 经济学；statistics 记录学；journalism and communication 新闻传播学；population，resources and environmental economics 人口，资源与环境经济学二十五：中华人民共和国时政词汇rapid economic growth 迅速经济增长；disparate development 发展不平衡；flood-prevention project 防洪工程；building redundant project 重复建设；work contracted to households 包干到户；strive for a relatively comfortable life 奔小康；lighten the burden on the peasants(farmers) 减轻农民承担；a constructive strategic partnership 建设性战略伙伴关系；macro-control 宏观调控；intensive economy 集约经济；二十六：常用关于语言词汇mother tongue 母语；second foreign language 第二外语；official language 官方语言；the language of diplomacy 外交辞令；artificial language 人工语言；body language 体态语言；world language 世界语；sign language 身（手）势语；linguistics 语言学；dialect 方言；二十七：常浮现描写变化词汇trend 趋势；tendency 趋向；drop 下跌；rise 上涨；soar 剧增；even 持平；decrease 减少；increase 增长；decline 下降；grow 增长；二十八：常浮现科学发现词汇fossil 化石；dinosaur 恐龙；creature 生物；discovery 发现；evidence 证据；relic 遗物，遗迹；breakthrough 突破；evolution 进化；theory 理论；origin 来源；二十九：常用体育比赛词汇final 决赛；elimination match，knock –out 裁减赛；riot 球场骚乱；sportsmanship 体育精神；match ban 禁赛命令；ranking 排名，名次；grouping 分组；schedule 比赛日程；round –robin 循环赛；competition rules 比赛规则；World Cup 世界杯；tournament锦标赛；Championship 冠军赛；dope服用药物；positive 呈阳性；season赛季；smash 扣球；world record世界纪录；Master’s Champion 大师赛；grand slam（棒球）大满贯；FIFA=Federation Internationale de Football Association(法语) 国际足球联盟；soccer 英式足球；billiards 台球，桌球，弹子球；rugby 橄榄球；taekwondo 跆拳道；archery 箭术；sprint 全速短跑；karate 空手道；aerobics 有氧运动法；增氧健身法；stadium 露天大型运动场；Winter Olympic Games 冬奥会；discus 铁饼，掷铁饼；javelin throwing 标枪；judo 柔道（日本一种拳术）；snooker 桌球；hockey 曲棍球；jog 慢跑；三十：新闻中浮现美洲国家名称Guatemala 危地马拉；Bahamas 巴哈马；Costa Rica 哥斯达黎加；Dominica 多米尼加；Haiti 海地；Honturas 洪都拉斯；Nicaragua 尼加拉瓜；Guayana 圭亚那；Chile 智利；Paraguay 巴拉圭；三十一：常用新闻中提及食品厂商名称Danone 达能；Nestle 雀巢；Maxwell 麦斯威尔；KFC 肯德基；McDonald 麦当劳；Coca Cola 可口可乐；Pepsi 百事；Haagen-Dazs 哈根达斯；Sara Lee 沙拉李；Philip Morris 飞利浦莫里斯三十二：新闻中常用食品名称：hamburger 汉堡包；chips 炸薯条；yogurt 酸奶；spaghetti 意大利式细面条；pizza 比萨饼；caviar 鱼子酱；cheese 奶酪；barbecue 烤肉；caramel 焦糖；pudding 布丁；三十三：新闻中常用教诲词汇quality of education 教学质量；educational background教诲限度；curriculum 课程；extracurricular activities课外活动academic activities 学术活动；semester学期；president 校长；guest professor 客座专家；returned student 回国留学生；scholar学者；三十四：新闻中常用劫难救济词汇death toll 死亡人数；homeless无家可归；humanitarian 人道主义者；aid worker救援人员；rescuer 救济者；refugee难民；natural calamity 自然灾害；victim遭难者；survivor 幸存者；famine饥饿；三十五：新闻中常用中东问题词汇Middle East 中东；West Bank约旦河西岸；the Arab world 阿拉伯国家；targeted elimination定点清除；spiritual leader 精神领袖；Oslo agreement奥斯陆合同；hierarchy 统治集团；revenge报仇；suicide attacks自杀性袭击；三十六：外交用词ambassador 大使；diplomatic外交，老到；diplomacy 外交；consulate’s staffers领事馆职工；consulate 领事馆，领事任期，领事职位consul领事（由政府委派居住在外国一种官员）三十七：影视用语motion picture industry 电影业；supporting actor配角；nominate 提名，推荐，任命，命名；voice cover（电影或电视）画外音；videoporn （口语）色情电视，黄色录像；top acting award最佳表演奖；tent pole movie 大片，卖座影片；telecopter空中电视台；Warner Brothers 华纳兄弟娱乐（影片）公司；Wrap party（电影，电视）庆祝拍摄完毕约会；三十八：出版，书籍用词copyright infringement 侵权；plagiarism抄袭，抄袭物；compile 编译，编辑，汇编；rifacimento改编，改写；thesis 论点；liber书籍，登记册；playwright剧作家；三十九：常用首都及都市名称Madrid 马德里（西班牙首都）；Kabul 喀布尔（阿富汗首都）；Cairo 开罗（埃及首都）；Canberra 堪培拉（澳大利亚首都）；Brasilia 巴西利亚（巴西新首都）；Copenhagen 哥本哈根（丹麦首都）；Helsinki (芬兰首都)赫尔辛基；Sarajevo （波黑首府）萨拉热窝；Vientiane （老挝首都）万象；Oslo（挪威首都）奥斯陆Tripoli （利比亚首都）黎波里Haiti 海地：位于西印度群岛一种国家；Port-au-Prince 太子港（海地首都）Kinshasa 金沙萨（扎伊尔首都）；Santiago 圣地亚哥（智利首都）；Amman 安曼（约旦首都）；Jordan 约旦（位于西南亚国家）；Zaire 扎伊尔，非洲中部一横跨赤道国家；Bern 伯尔尼（瑞士首都）；Zurich 苏黎世（瑞士东北部一都市）；Katmandu 加德满都（尼泊尔首都）；Nepal 尼泊尔（亚洲国家）；Jamaica 牙买加（古巴南部一种岛国）；Kingston 金斯顿（牙买加首都）；Tokyo 东京（日本）；Seoul 首尔（韩国）；Pyongyang 平壤（朝鲜）；Bangkok 曼谷（泰国）；Teheran 德黑兰（伊朗）；Riyadh 利雅得（沙特）；Jerusalem 耶路撒冷（以色列）；New Delhi （新德里（印度）Jakarta 雅加达（印尼）；Amman 安曼（约旦）四十：常用军事用语treaty of armistice 停战公约；truce 休战，休战协定，休止；zero hour 攻打发动时间；unlimited war 全面战争；warworn 饱受战争；raid n. 袭击，搜捕v.奇袭，搜捕；militant 好战，积极从事或支持使用武力；四十一：具有悲剧性色彩惯用词holocaust 大毁灭，大屠杀；horror 惊骇，恐怖，惨事；KIA=killed in action 阵亡，战死；apartheid (南非) 种族隔离；Atrocity 残暴，暴行，凶恶；Jew-baiting 迫害犹太人（）genocide 种族屠杀；cleanse 实行异族清洗（以保持种族纯化）；四十二：谈判用词negotiation 商量，谈判；broker 掮客，经纪人，促成公约/合同等；mediator 调停者，仲裁人；parley 会谈；transact 办理，交易，谈判，解决；treaty 公约，谈判；四十三：职业用词recruit 招收，补充，给…提供新成员或新雇员；grocer 杂货商；statistician 记录员，记录学家；accountant 会计（员），会计师；stock broker 股票经纪人；coach 教练；geneticist 遗传学者；四十四：宗教用词pilgrimage 朝拜，朝圣；Hindu festival 印度教节日；All Saints’ Day 万圣节；All Souls Day 万灵节；Catholicism 天主教（教义）；cult 礼拜，祭仪，一群信徒，礼拜式；Christmastide 圣诞节节期（自圣诞节前夜至元旦，在英国直至1月6日显现节）Eastertide 复活节周：从复活节开始到圣灵降临节，升天节或三一节Roman Catholic Church 罗马天主教堂；priest 牧师；churchman 牧师，传教士；diocese 主教教区；bishop 主教；clergy （集合称）圣职者，牧师，僧侣，神职人员；chaplain （私人，社团，医院，监狱，贵族，私人教堂，军中档）牧师；pastor 本堂牧师：对圣会或其她群体进行精神引导基督教主持人或牧师四十五：卫生用词infection （医）传染，传染病，影响，感染；remedy 药物，治疗法；fungus 真菌；pathology 病理学；surgeon 外科医生；sanitary （关于）卫生，（保持）清洁，清洁卫生HIV(human immunodeficiency virus) 人体免疫缺损病毒，艾滋病病毒；avian influenza 禽流感；taint 感染，污点；pathogen （微生物）病菌，病原体；zyme 酶，病菌；venom 毒；毒物；toxin （生）毒素；noxious 对生物有害；对健康有害；placebo 安慰剂：一种不含药性制剂；immunize 使免疫，赋予免疫性，使成为无害；四十六：监狱、罪犯关于词common criminal 普通罪犯；culprit 犯人；hijack 劫持，劫机；state criminal 政治犯；transgress 违背，犯罪，侵犯；calaboose（美俚）监狱，拘留所；inmate 同室者（特指在医院，监狱），居民；四十七：电视台及电台名CNN 美国有线新闻网络，以提供及时电视新闻报道而闻名；CBS=Columbia Broadcasting System （美国）哥伦比亚广播公司NBC=National Broadcasting Company 国家广播公司；NHK=Japan Broadcasting Corporation) 日本广播协会NZBC=New Zealand Broadcasting Commission 新西兰广播委员会四十八：历史文化关于词historian 历史学家；Broadway 百老汇；egghead 知识分子，自觉得有大学问人；DINK=Double Income No kids 丁克一族：有双薪收入而没有小孩夫妇；Emmy 艾美奖：美国电视艺术和科学学会每年颁发给在电视节目上有突出成就者小雕像；Baroque 巴洛克风格：约1550到17盛行于欧洲一种艺术和建筑风格。

托福听力分类词汇汇总植物学botany植物学botanical / botanic 植物学的horticulture 园艺学aquatic PIaIIt 水生植物ParaSite PIant 寄生植物root 根CanOPy树冠层 /顶棚foliage / Ieaf 叶Ieaflet小叶rosette （叶的）丛生Steln 茎StaIk 杆IeafStaIk 叶柄ShOOt/ SPrOUt 嫩芽/抽枝flower 花bud花蕾PetaI花瓣Peel / SkilI果皮Shen （硬）果壳husk （干）果壳/ （玉米苞叶trunk树干bark树皮branch树枝bough大或者粗的树枝twig小树枝jungle丛林IaWll 草meadow 草地/牧场Prairie大草原InOSSeS苔W ShrUb Zbush灌木CIUSter 一簇（灌木）fern蕨类植物horsetails 木贼类植物ClUb mosses石松类植物herb 草PhOtOSylltheSiS光合作用ChIOrOPhyn叶绿素SymbiOSiS 共生SynlbiotiC 共生的Wither /ShriVeI / fade 凋谢blossom 花POlIen花粉pollinate 传授(starch) 碳水larch 落叶松花粉petal 花化合物（淀粉）pine 松树瓣nectar 花蜜glucose 葡萄spruce 云杉tissue 组织糖starch 淀粉juniper 刺organ 器官fat 脂肪柏；杜松system 系统protein 蛋白sequoia 红杉seeds种子质elm 榆树everlasting 永vitamin 维他walnut 核桃树久的命redwood 红木crossbreed 杂malnourished 树交营养不良的plum blossomroot pressure nutrition 营养梅花根压perennial 多年orchid 兰花bore 腔/肠一生的chrysanthemu cohesion-tensi annual 一年一m 菊花on 凝聚压力生的water lily 荷花column 花柱verdant 嫩绿/莲花necrosis 坏死的，翠绿的rhododendron barren 贫瘠evergreen 常杜鹃花的；不生育的青树carnation 康futile 无用的conifer tree 针乃馨carbohydrate 叶树jasmine 茉莉花mealie 玉米rye 黑麦helianthus / pumpkin 南瓜barley 大麦heliotrope / tomato 番茄oats 燕麦sunflower 向lettuce 莴苣日葵cabbage 卷心camellia 茶花菜corn / maize / wheat 小麦微生物学antibody 抗体bacteria 细菌virus 病毒toxin 毒素fermentation disinfection 消immunity 免发酵毒sterilization 疫inflection 传染灭菌immunology / 感染免疫学microorganisvaccine 疫苗m / microbefungus 真菌微生物生物学biology 生物biology 海洋虫学学生物学ornithology 鸟marine entomology 昆类学microbiology 微生物学underwater 水下的survival of thefittest 适者生genetics 遗传marine 海洋的存学scuba 水下呼origin of speciology 物吸器species物种起种学diving 潜水/ 源parasitology 跳水wild寄生虫学one-celled environmentpaleontology organism 单细野生环境古生物学胞有机体insecticide 杀paleontologist tissue（动植物虫剂古生物学家细胞的）组织prenatal caredinosaur 恐龙protective 产后护理die out / camouflage 保habitat 栖息地extinction 灭护色tentacle 触须绝predator 捕猎prey 捕食mammal 哺乳者navigate 导航动物oceanic snail tiny receptor carnivore 食蜗牛a 接收器肉动物nimal nerve /rodent 啮齿类adaptation 动specimen 物种动物物适应性amphibian 两栖类动物decline in the hatch 孵化incubation 孵酶cell 细胞number 数量化nucleus 细胞减少nest 巢核gene 基因offspring 子孙cytoplasm 细genetic 基因的chew up 咀嚼胞质endangered unfertilized plasma lemma species濒危动eggs未受精卵/ cell 物nutrient 营养membrane survival 活着品细胞膜的nourishment cell wall 细胞transition 转变营养品/ 食壁/过渡物protein 蛋白microbe 微生feed 喂养质物cannibalism amino acid yeast 酵母同类相食核酸（菌）respiration 呼plankton 浮游bacteria 细菌吸生物single-cell 单ingestion 摄食heredity 遗传细胞digestion 消化mutation of reptile 爬行类digestive species 物种变动物enzyme 消化异chromosome 染色体solitary 独居social 群居s 变态/ 变形mutation 变种genetic bio-diversity variation 变异engineering 遗生物多样性传工程metamorphosi动物学zoology 动物无脊椎动物ruminant 反刍学vertebrate 脊动物Darwinism 达椎动物parasitic尔文学说aquatic life animal 寄生动natural 水生动物物selection 自然reptile 爬行动primate 灵长选择物动物phylum 门amphibian / plankton 浮游class 纲order amphibious 生物目animal 两栖动mollusk 软体suborder 亚目物动物family 科protozoa 原生coelenterate genus 属动物腔肠动物species种rodent 啮齿动（如水母、海invertebrate 物蜇、珊瑚等）herbivore 食草动物mammal 哺乳动物homotherm 恒温动物cold-blooded animal 冷血动物poikilotherm 变温动物scavenger 食腐动物carnivorous 食肉的herbivorous 食草的omnivorous 杂食的bird 鸟类camouflage 伪装hibernate 冬眠；蛰伏卫生设施regeneration monogamous 再生一夫一妻的predatory / /一雌一雄的carnivore 食polygamous 肉的一夫多妻的predator 捕食/一雄多雌的者prey 捕食polyandrous hordes / 一妻多夫的swarms（昆虫/一雌多雄的等）群nomadic 游牧flock （牛、羊的；流浪的等）群trapper 诱捕community 动动物者物的群落或人niche 小生态的部落环境population 种vestige 退化器群fertilizer 使受herd 兽群精hygiene 卫生metabolism 新sanitation 陈代谢公共卫生；breed（名词）品种；（动词）system 消化系esophagus 食繁殖统excretory 管stomach 胃multiply / system 排泄系small intestine reproduce 繁统小肠large 殖reproductive intestine 大肠spawn ( 鱼、syste生殖系统anus 肛门虾、蛙等）孵circulatory digestive anatomy 解剖system 循环系gland 消化腺学统salivary gland appetite 食欲respiratory 唾液腺creature 生物system 呼吸系liver 肝scales鳞统gallbladder 胆feathers 羽毛hormonal pancreas 胰armor 甲system 内分泌spinal cord 系脊椎digestive ductdigestive 消化管水生动物jellyfish 水母coral 珊瑚shrimp 小虾nettle fish 海dolphin 海豚prawn 对虾蜇whale 鲸鱼lobster 龙虾crab 螃蟹sponge 海绵octopus 章鱼mussel 贻贝；starfish 海星sole 鳎；鳎目蚌类squid 鱿鱼；乌鱼clam 蛤蜊贼plaice 鲽，红oyster 牡蛎burro / 斑比目鱼哺乳动物squirrel 松鼠猩猩牛hippo 河马marten 貂baboon 狒狒sloth 树懒bat 蝙蝠hyena 鬣狗slothful 懒惰squeak（老鼠moose 驼鹿的等）吱吱beaver 海狸otter 水獭elk 麋鹿antelope 羚羊reindeer 驯鹿gorilla 大猩猩giraffe 长颈鹿chimpanzee 黑rhinoceros 犀两栖动物、爬行动物frog 青蛙scorpion 蝎子色龙tadpole 蝌蚪turtle 龟cay men / salamander 蝾lizard 蜥蜴crocodile 鳄鱼螈chameleon 变centipede 蜈蚣鸟类robin 知更鸟vulture 秃鹫装wing 翅膀owl 猫头鹰crane 鹤bill （鸟）嘴barnacle 北极stork 鹳beak（鹰等的）鹅ptarmigan 雷嘴penguin 企鹅鸟canary 金丝雀migrate 迁移chirp （鸟、虫plumage 羽体的叫声）camouflage 伪昆虫insect 昆虫worm 虫/蠕虫earthworm 蚯wasp 黄蜂cicada 蝉蚓hornet 大黄蜂mantis 螳螂antenna / spider 蜘蛛cockroach tentacle 触须pest 害虫蟑螂larva 幼虫生态学ecology 生态balance of flora 植物群学nature 自然界rain forest 雨ecosystem 生生态平衡林态系统fauna 动物群food chain 食物链acid rain 酸雨制air pollutionwastewater 污水greenhouse 温空气控制sewage室效应water purification 污infrared pollution 水污水净化radiation 红外染swage线辐noxious / toxic disposal 污水ozone layer / 有毒的处理ozonosphere fumes ( 有毒decibe（l 噪音）臭氧层的）废气分贝ultraviolet waste 废物radiation 紫外solid waste辐pollution 固体废物control 污染控sewage /能源和环境fossil fuel 矿物solar energy 保护能源燃料太阳能resource 资源process of nonrenewable energy source photo 不可再生的能源资源synthesis 光合energy tidal energy 潮作用conservation 汐能fuel-efficient 节能型的rush hour 高峰期zero emission 零辐射wildness 野生/天然preservation 保护atmosphere 大气carbon 碳dioxide 二氧化物burning of coal and oil 煤油燃烧global warming 全球变暖greenhouse level 海平面上升long-term climatic change 长期的气候变化environmentalrecyclingcenter 再循环利用中心litter/trashgarbage 垃圾pollutant 污染物desertification沙漠化deforest 滥伐森林drought干旱offshorespillage 近海岸溢出carbondioxide release二氧化碳排放industrialsewage工业污水recycling 再循环purify 净化deteriorate恶化acid rain酸雨sewagedisposal 污水处理environment effect 温室效water 应shortage 水源rise in sea 缺乏protection 环境保护废物处理emission（汽车尼诺现象ozone layer 臭废气的）排放氧层soot 烟尘waste disposal El Ni? o 厄尔天文学astronomy 天cosmology 宇sky atlas 天体文学宙图astronomical infinite 无限的celestialobservatory cosmic 宇宙的sphere 天球天文台cosmic dwarf / dwarfplanetarium radiation 宇宙star 矮星天文馆辐射quasar 类星体astrophysics cosmic rays 宇constellation 天文物理学宙射线星座astrology 占星celestial 天体galaxy / Milky 学的Way 银河系pseudoscience celestial body star cluster 星伪科学/ heavenly 团cosmos / body 天体asterism 星群universe 宇宙celestial map / solar system太阳系Uranus 天王飞船solar corona 星space shuttle 日冕Neptune 海王航天飞机solar eclipse 星space日食Pluto 冥王星telescope 空间solar orbit 轨道望远镜radiation 太阳spin 旋转astronaut /辐射satellite 卫星spaceman 宇planet 行星lunar 月球的航员planetoid / meteor 流星space suit 宇asteroid 小行meteor 航服星shower 流星雨stellar 恒星的revolve 旋转star 恒星intergalactic twinkle 闪烁meteoroid 流星系间的naked eye 肉星体interstellar 恒眼meteorite 陨石星间的Mercury 水星comet 彗星interplanetary Venus 金星space / outer 行星间的Earth 地球space 太空，asteroid 小行Mars 火星外层空间星nebula 星云Jupiter 木星spacecraft / space debris Saturn 土星spaceship 宇宙太空垃圾ammonia 氨日珥（发生幻影体photosphere 在色球层）faint 微弱的光球；光球层convection image 影像chromosphere zone 对流层gravitational s 色球；色球层vacuum 真空force 吸引力chromosphere infrared ray molten 融化的s-corona 红外线leap year 闰年transition absolute rotation 自传zone 色球- 日magnitude 绝revolution 公冕过渡层对量级转sunglow 日冕emission 发射/ black hole 黑sunspot 太阳散发洞黑子（发生在high-resolutio ultraviolet ray 光球层）n 高清晰度紫外线flare 耀斑（发interferomete luminosity生在色球层）r 干扰仪，干光度solar 涉仪light year 光prominence illusive object 年气象学meteorology meteorologist meteorologica 气象气象学家l station 气象站forecast / moisture 潮湿，水气torrential rain大雨predict 预报spell 某种天气tempest climate 气候持续一段时(storm) / atmosphere 大vapor 蒸汽torrential rain 气层evaporate 蒸暴风雨troposphere 发drizzle 细雨对流层damp / moist / shower 阵雨stratosphere humid 潮湿hail 冰雹平流层humidity 湿度blizzard /mesosphere中moisture 潮湿snowstorm 暴间层saturate 饱和风雪ionosphere 电dew 露avalanche / 离层frost 霜fog / snow slide雪exosphere mist 雾smog 崩逸散层烟precipitation cold front 冷droplet 小水（雨、露、雪锋condense浓缩等）降水warm air crystal 水晶体thunder 雷mass 热气团shee（t 水、冰、breeze 微风current (气)雪的）一层sandstorm 沙流downpour / 暴monsoon 季风tidal wave 潮流gale 大风汐；浪潮wind velocity whirlwind 旋upper 风速风typhoon atmosphere 上wind direction层大气funnel 风向台hurricane 飓漏斗云long-range风disaster / forecast 长期tornado / calamity / 预报twister / catastrophe 灾numerical cyclone 龙卷难weather风devastation 破prediction wind scale 风坏数值天气预级submerge 淹报tsunami / 没drought 旱nephanalysis seismic sea 灾云层分析；wave 海啸convection 对卫星云图地理学hemisphere parallel 平行/ 经度半球圈elevation meridian 子latitude 纬线海拔午线/ 经线longitude 经线altitude 高度/ 海拔aurora 极光lowland 低地basin 盆地horizon 地平tropics of线Cancer 北回oasis绿洲equator 赤道归线enclave 飞地temperature tropics of peak 山峰latitudes 温带Capricorn 南cordillera /地区回归线ranges 山脉tropics 热带地international carven / cave 区date line 国际洞穴Arctic / the 日期变更线terrain 地域North Pole time subterranean 北极difference 地底下Antarctic / 时差coastland 沿海Antarctic a 南time zone 时地区极the 区coastline 海岸Antarctic topography 线Continent 南地形/ 地watershed极洲形学分水岭the Antarctic plain 平原upper reaches Circle 南极圈plateau / 上游the Arctic highland 高lower reaches Circle 北极圈地下游tributary volcanic continental 支流island 火山岛shelf 大陆架deposit 沉积coral island canyon / spring / 珊瑚岛gorge 峡谷fountain 泉水islet 小岛channel /iceberg 冰山peninsular 半strait 海峡riverbed 河床岛remote-sensingulf / bay archipelago g 遥感的海湾群岛terrestrialwaterfall delta 三角洲地球的/ 瀑布landlocked 陆地的cascade 小瀑area 内陆terrestrial 布；喷流inland heat /reef 暗礁tide waterway 内陆geothermal 湖水河地热torrent 水的急subcontinent terrestrial流次大陆magnetism 地tropical rain cliff 山崖磁forest 热带雨valley 山谷continental林hillside / drift 大陆漂continental mountain 移学说island 大陆岛slope 山坡sea-floorspreading the primeval Pyrenees 比利海床扩展forest 原始森牛斯山脉evaporation 林Carpathians 蒸发Scandinavia 喀尔巴阡山脉salinity 含盐度斯堪的纳维Vesuvius 维苏ocean bottom 亚（半岛）（瑞威火山海床典、挪威、丹Pompeii 庞贝sediment 沉积麦、冰岛的泛precipice 悬崖物称）eon 世；纪；tropical 热带fjord 峡湾代的coral reef 珊瑚glacier 冰河temperate 礁Pangaea 盘古温带的Chalk 白垩纪大陆frigid 寒带的cataclysm dune 沙丘frost heaving 大洪水Lagoon 咸水冻胀现象ridge 山脊；湖tundra 苔原，分水岭冻原abyss 深渊fieldstone 卵石territory 版Mediterranea 图；领土；地n Sea 地中海域地质学crust 地n ore 矿石壳mantle 地幔分解deposit 矿床core 地核erosion 腐蚀rubble 碎石continental fossil 化石debris 残骸crust 大陆地igneous rock platinum 白金壳火成岩/铂金silver 银oceanic crust sedimentary copper 黄铜海洋地壳rock 沉积岩aluminum 铝layer / metamorphic tin 锡lead 铅stratum 地层rock 变质岩zinc 锌stratigraphy limestone 石nickel 镍地层学灰岩mercury 汞/ fault 断层granite 花岗岩水银fault plane 断marble 大理石sodium 钠gem层面lithosphere 岩宝石fault zone 断层石圈diamond 钻石带magma / emerald 绿宝rift / crack / molten lava 岩石split 断裂浆ruby 红宝石disintegration quartz 石英glacier 冰川/decompositio mineral 矿物glacial 冰川的glacial epoch / 锥状火山地震age / period 冰（陡峭）seismic地震的川期eruption 火山seismology glacial drift 冰喷发地震学渍crater 火山口magnitude moraines 冰碛caldera (开口震级iceberg 冰山较大）火山口seismic volcano 火山depression 洼intensity scale active volcano 地，凹陷处；震烈度活火山盆地seismic waveextinct lava 火山岩浆地震波volcano 死火volcanic dust transverse山火山尘wave 横波dormant volcanic ash longitudinal volcano 休眠火山灰wave 纵波火山geyser 间歇喷epicenter 震中(sloping) 泉epicentral shield volcano hot spring distance 震中盾状火山温泉距（平缓）earthquake / aftershock 余(steep-sided) quake / 震cone volcano tremor / seism cataclysm 灾变tsunami / tidal swamp 沼泽peat bog 泥炭crumpleszones 地质缓/ force 海啸沼泽冲地带undersea Great Canyon bedrock 岩床landslide 海底大峡谷bulge 凸起物山崩Nile River 尼melt global 罗河warming 全球Colorado逐渐变暖river 科罗拉aquifer 蓄水层多河考古学archaeology 学家ancestor 祖先考古学ecological hominid 人paleontology anthropologist （科）古生物学生态人类学家homogeneousanthropology psychological 同以种族（种人类学anthropologist 类）的archaeologist 心理人类学tribe 部落clan 人类学家家氏族pale-anthropo originate 起源excavation 挖logist 古人类于掘excavate / unearth 挖掘ruins 遗迹/ 废墟remains 遗产/ 遗骸artifact 手工艺品relic 遗物/ 文物antique 古物/ 古董antiquity 古代/古老Stone Age 石建筑学architecture 建筑学architect 建筑学家construct 结构青铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的morphology 形态学skull 颅骨cranial 颅骨的wing 辐楼/侧楼design设计elevator电梯skyscraper 摩天大楼civilization 古代文明caveman 山顶洞人cultural relics文物rockpainting 岩画designelement 设计元素log structure 原木结构器时代fossil 化石Bronze Age ancientcabin 小木屋天文馆神像beam 梁aquarium 水the triumphal prototype 原型族馆arch 凯旋门building archives 档案sphinx 狮身人technique 建筑馆office 面像工艺building 写字pyramid 金字new material 楼塔新材料cathedral 大教castle 城堡metal-frame 堂金属结构mosque 清真repair person 寺修理工the statue ofplanetarium liberty 自由女政治、经济学类subsistence 存的生活水平据；账单活，生活kinship 亲属bank loan 银subsistence 关系，血缘关行贷款wage 刚够养系interest 利息家糊口的工资commodity 商withdraw 从subsistence 品银行账户中提level 收支平衡check 支票；收款人物artist 艺术家 choreographe r 舞蹈编排家honor (cheque/bill/d raft) 承兑 a runon a bank 挤兑 the Great Depression 大萧条 consumerism 消费主义（认为高消费对个人和社会有利的看法）； 保护消费者权益主义 affluence 富 裕，富足 sophisticated 世故的，老练 的；复杂的，尖端的教育学highereducation 高 等教育moralcharacter 道 德品质domain 领域 faculty 全体教treasurer 生活委员/财务大 臣 elective system 选课制 度curriculum 课程（总称）discipline 学科 /管理learn by rote 死记硬背encyclopedias 百科全书/ 专科全书员alumni 校友critic 批评家誉领袖的satirist 讽刺作disciple 学徒innocent 天真家apprentice 学的/无罪的inventor 发明徒lovelorn 相思家mechanic 机械病苦的biographer 自工emotional 情传作家minimalist 简绪的/情感的sculptor 雕塑单抽象派艺术sentimental家家感伤的/多feminist 女权avant-garde 愁善感的主义者前卫派cheerless 无精humanitarian territory 领域打采的/无生人道主义者genre 风格/ 命力的imagist 意象体裁patriarchal派诗人eccentric 古怪家长的/族philanthropist 的长的慈善家odd 怪诞的/奇rigid 僵化的proprietor 业数的spare 简朴的主mortal 犯人erratic 奇怪的clumsy 笨拙的precursor 先weird 怪异的/ zigzag 曲折的驱不可思议的contemporary figurehead 名romantic 浪漫当代的acclaimed 受欢迎的genuine 真正的emotive 感人的preeminent 杰authentic 逼真prodigious 巨出的的/原汁原味大的versatile （人）的classic 经典的多才多艺的/ symbolic 象征posthumous （物）多功能性的死后的的immortal 不朽household 的/神家庭的/家nostalgia 怀旧喻户晓的主义/思乡摄影photographer 景exposure 曝光摄影家background instantpanorama 全背景camera 拍立景照片high 得snap shot 快照definition 高camera lens相developing 清晰度机镜头冲洗close-up 特写tripod 三脚架enlarge 放大out of focus 调dark room foreground 前焦不准暗室wide angle lens 广角镜头long focus lens长镜头filter 滤色镜文学pose 散文model 人物原流派diary 日记型comparative autobiograph leading literature 比较y 传记character 主文学editorial 社论人公realism 现实narrative main plot 主主义prose 叙述性要情节surrealism descriptive prelude 序曲超现实主义prose 描写性prologue 序言futurism 未来essay 随笔epilogue 尾声主义poetry 诗歌literary modernism 现ballad 民谣criticism 文学代主义lullaby 催眠曲批评aestheticism fiction 小说literary 唯美主义allegory 寓言studies 文学研fairy tale 童话究legend 传说schools ofproverb 谚语literature 文学音乐musical pop music 流管instrument 乐行音乐oboe 双簧管器classical keyboard orchestra （管music 古典音instrument 弦）乐队乐键盘乐器shook rattle 摇Jazz 爵士乐percussion 震拨浪鼓symphony 交荡/打击乐器pound drum 响乐vocal music 击鼓rock and roll 声乐foot beat 跺脚摇滚乐concerto 协奏note 音符band music / 曲score 乐谱wind music sonata 奏鸣曲movement 乐管乐serenade 小夜章string 弦乐曲fanatical 狂热violin 小提琴solo 独奏/独唱的viola 中提琴duet 二重唱hillbilly music cello 大提琴conducting 指乡村音乐harp 竖琴挥folk music 民horn 号；喇叭podium 指挥间音乐clarinet 单簧台accompanime harmony 和声epilogue 尾声nt 伴奏rest 休止quality 音质time 节拍volume 音量lullaby 催眠曲chord 和弦prelude 序曲美术（绘画和雕塑）fine arts 美术画caricatureoil painting 油mural 漫画画painting / pigment 颜色，water color fresco 壁画色素水彩画engraving 版canvas 油画布tempera 蛋彩画brush 画笔画lithograph 石drawing sketch 速写/素板画board 画板描landscape perspective pastel 彩色蜡painting 风景透视画法笔画画original 原作poster 海报/招still life 静物copy 临本贴画画reproduction / charcoal portrait 肖像replica 复制品drawing 木炭画genuine 真的fake 假的gallery 美术馆autograph真迹panorama 全景画calligraphy 书法paste 裱糊impressionisti c style 印象派风格framing 装框sculpture 雕塑sculptor 雕塑家figurine 小雕像bust 半身雕塑像statue 塑像unique 唯一的/独特的animator 漫画家saxophonist 萨克斯风管吹奏者indigo 靛蓝purple 紫色。

高考英语听力必备场景词汇优选听力的短对话和长对话部分，其话题范围波及学习、工作、衣食住行等场景。

英语是模式化的语言，固定场景只会用固定词汇，因此分场景总结记忆听力词汇，成效更佳。

A. 校园1. subject n. 学科2. major n. 专业3. course n. 课程4. math/maths/mathematics 数学5. physics n. 物理6. chemistry n. 化学7. biology n. 生物8. politics n.政治9. history n.历史10. geography n.地理11. computer n. 电脑12. literature n.文学13. art n.艺术14. P.E.（physical education ） n. 体育15. science n. 科学18. test n.测试16. middle-term exam n. 期中考试17. final exam n. 期末考试，19. quiz n. 小测试20. marks/grades 分数21. homework/assignment n. 家庭作业22. task n. 任务23. lecture n. 演讲24. text book课本25. campus n. 校园26. public school公立学校，30. professor 教授27. private school私立学校，31. lecturer 讲课老师28.term/semester 学期29.president/headmaster/principal 校长，32.primary school student 小学生33.middle school student 中学生B. 图书室1. library n.图书室2. librarian n. 图书管理员3. library card借书证4. bookshelf n.书架5. author/writer 作者 /作家6. novel 小说7. story-book 故事书8. picture book 图画书9. science fiction科幻小说10. newspaper 报纸C.交通运输1. transportation交通工具 22. conductor n.售票员2. by plane/airplane/air 乘飞机23. passenger 乘客3. by train/express train乘火车 /特快列车4. by taxi/cab乘出租车24. policeman 警察5. by bus乘公交车26. passer-by 路人，行人6. by coach乘长途汽车25. officer n. 警官7. by bike /bicycle乘自行车27. garage 修车库8. by boat/ship/sea坐船30. tunnel地道9. by subway/underground 乘地铁10. walk/on foot步行31. carriage车厢11. airport n. 机场16. waiting room候车室12. railway station /train station火车站13. subway station地铁站17. platform 站台14. bus stop 公交站点40. car accident 事故15. booking office/ticket office售票处18. fare 车资38. traffic lights交通灯D.机场1. airport机场7. one way/single ticket单程票2. flight航班11. nonstop/direct flight直航3. flight number 航班号 5. plane/airplane 飞机34. freshman大一重生35. monitor n. 班长36. assistant n. 助手，助理37. scholarship 奖学金38. tuition n. 学费39. classroom n. 教室40. playground n. 操场41. dormitory n.寝室42. dining-hall n.食堂，餐厅43. lab/laboratory n. 实验室 44. library n. 图书室45. language lab语音室46. reading room 阅览室46.Bachelor’ s degree学士学位51. cut a class 旷课47.Master’ s degree硕士学位53. preview vt. 预习48.Doctor ’ s degree博士学位49.Students ’ card学生证50.have/take/go to/attend a lesson 上课52. be absent from class 旷课54. go over/review vt 复习55. take an exam参加考试56. pass the exam考试及格57. fail(in) the exam考试不及格58.take part in the English Speech contest/competition参加英语演讲竞赛11. magazine 杂志12. reference book 参照书13.borrow books 借书15. renew vt 续借14. keep the books for two weeks 书借两周16. return the books 还书17. overdue 借书逾期18. pay a fine 交罚款19. ticket罚单，车票43. park vt. 泊车20. driver’ s license驾照21. driver n. 司机29.parking lot/space/spot/place 泊车场32.express way/high way 高速公路33.one way street 单行道34.sidewalk/pavement 人行道35.rush hours 交通顶峰期36. traffic jam 交通拥塞41. over speed 超速37. traffic rules交通规则39. heavy traffic拥堵的交通42. run the red light闯红灯47. fix/repair维修44. give sb a ride 让某人搭便车45. break down 汽车抛锚46. flat tire 爆胎48. depart vi出发departure n.出发49. see sb off 给某人送别50. pick sb up接某人51. drop sb off半途载某人4. Welcome on board欢迎登机6. book a ticket订票8. round trip ticket来回票9. timetable 时间表16. security check安检10. destination 目的地31. land 下降 /着12. take off起13.departure time 起14. check in 登15. boarding card登机牌17.fasten the safety / seat belt 系好安全nd 着19. behind schedule 晚点20. cancel撤消21. luggage/baggage 行李D.1. telephone2. mobile phone/cellphone手机3. smartphone智好手机4. pay phone 公用5. telephone box 亭6. operator 接7. long-distance call途,8. answering machine 留言机12. hang up 挂断9. put/get through接通15. charge vt. 充10.dial the wrong number 号11.hold on/hang on 不要挂断F. 医院1. hospital 医院2. clinic所3. doctor医生4. surgeon 外科医生5. physician 内科医生6. dentist 牙医7. nurse士8. patient病人9. see a doctor 去医院看医生，10. cold感冒11.flu 流感21. make an appointment12.headache 痛 22. check up / examine 身体13.fever23. show your tongue 伸出舌14. stomachache 胃疼26. aspirin阿司匹林15. toothache 牙疼25. take medicine吃G./酒店1. hotel 旅，酒店2. make a reservation 房3. reception desk/front desk 前台15. ball 舞4. check in 登入住20. Meals included.包含食5. check out退房10. double room 双人6. fill in/out a form填写表格7. ID card身份8. accommodation n. 食宿9. single room人11. suite 套房[swi?t]14. business center 商中心12. bathroom 生13. toilet / restroom所H. 行1. bank 行 3. check 支票 4. cash 金2. business hour 6. credit card 信誉卡5. interest 利息7. open an account 开一个8. savings account 蓄9. deposit money 存I. 局1. post office 局2. letter/mail 信 4. stamp 票3. envelop 信封10. express mail（ EMS）快件5. parcel / package 包裹7. overweight 超重6. postage8. extra postage 外J. 餐1. restaurant 4. buffet ['b ?fe ?; 'b ?fe ?]自助餐2. cafeteria 自助餐3. coffee shop/ cafe 咖啡5. snack bar 快餐小吃店5. waiter/waitress男 /女服6. customer 客7. menu 菜15. This is my treat! 我客！8. order 点菜14. book/make a reservation 定22. suitcase行李箱23. passport 照24. visa30.take off 起25. captain机26. pilot行27.flight attendant/air hostess 空姐28.first class/business class/economy cabin等 /商 /29.b ound for ⋯往⋯⋯方向去的13. leave a message 留言14. take a message 捎口信16. give sb a call / ring某人打17.The line is bad/ busy / engaged. 占18.Who ’ s speaking?/Who ’ s that?是哪位？19.Hello! This is⋯ speaking喂，我是。

BFT（听力）模拟试卷20(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Part 1 2. Part 2 3. Part 3 4. Part 4Part 1听力原文：Look at the instructions for Part 1. Questions 1~8 You will hear two telephone conversations. Write down one word or a number in each of the numbered spaces on the forms below.CONVERSATION 1(Questions 1-4)Receptionist: Good afternoon, Northwest Electricity, how may I help you?Mr. Tipps: Good afternoon, this is Robert Tipps. I have a question about my electricity bill this month. Receptionist: I’d be happy to help you with that Mr. Tipps. Can I have your account number? Mr. Tipps: I’m afraid I don’t have that with me. Receptionist: It’s no problem. I’ll just look your name up in our database. Mr. Tipps: Great. Receptionist: Could you give me your address as well? Mr. Tipps: It’s 2368 Northwest 21 st Avenue, Vancouver, Washington. Receptionist: Yes, I have your account up on my computer. How may I help you? Mr. Tipps: The last bill I received seemed too high. Receptionist: Yes, I see that it was considerably higher than last year. Did you use more electricity? Mr. Tipps: No, I don’t think we used any more electricity than the year before. Receptionist: OK, I’ll tell you what I can do. I’ll mark this and have a supervisor take a look at the account. Mr. Tipps: Thank you. When can I expect an answer? Receptionist: We should have an answer for you by the end of the week. I’ll give you an inquiry number. Mr. Tipps: OK. Let me get a pen. OK, I’m ready. Receptionist: It’s 3471. Mr. Tipps: That’s 3471. Receptionist: Yes, that’s correct. Mr. Tipps: Thank you for your help.You will hear two telephone conversations. Write down one word or number in each of the numbered spaces on the forms below.CONVERSATION 1(Questions 1-4) MESSAGEComplaint: Mr. Robert Tips, has a question about his 【L1】______this month. The bill he received seems too【L2】______. Solution: The clerk will mark the problem and have a【L3】______take a look at the account. There should be an answer by the end of the week and the inquiry number is【L4】______1．【L1】正确答案：electricity2．【L2】正确答案：high3．【L3】正确答案：supervisor4．【L4】正确答案：3471听力原文：Peter: Hello. Diamonds Galoure. This is Peter speaking. How may I be of help to you today? Miss Roberts: Yes, this is Miss Janice Roberts calling. May I speak to Mr. Franks, please. Peter: Mr. Franks is out of the office at the moment. Would you like me to take a message?Miss Roberts: Um, actually, this call is rather urgent. We spoke yesterday about a delivery problem that Mr. Franks mentioned. Did he leave any information with you? Peter: As a matter of fact, he did. He said that you might be calling. He also asked me to ask you a few questions. Miss Roberts: Great. I’d love to see this problem resolved as quickly as possible. Peter: Well, we still haven’t received the shipment of earrings that was supposed to arrive last Tuesday. Miss Roberts: Yes, I’m terribly sorry about that. In the meantime, I’ve spoken with our delivery department and they’ve assured me that the earrings will be delivered by tomorrow morning. Peter: Excellent. I’m sure Mr. Franks will be pleased to hear that.Miss Roberts: Yes, the shipment was delayed from France. We weren’t able to send along your shipment until this morning. Peter: I see. Mr. Franks also wanted to schedule a meeting with you later this week.Miss Roberts: Certainly. What is he doing on Thursday afternoon? Peter: I’m afraid he’s meeting with some clients out of town. How about Thursday morning? Miss Roberts: Unfortunately, I’m seeing someone else on Thursday morning. Is he doing anything else on Friday morning? Peter: No, it looks like he’s free then.Miss Roberts: Great, should I come by at nine? Peter: Well he usually holds a staff meeting at nine. It only lasts half an hour or so. How about ten? Miss Roberts: Yes, ten would be great. Peter: OK, I’ll schedule that. Miss Janice Roberts at ten on Friday morning. Is there anything else I can help you with? Miss Roberts: Nope. I think that’s everything. Thanks for your help. Goodbye. Peter: Goodbye.That is the end of Part 1. You now have 20 seconds to copy your answers onto your Answer Sheet.CONVERSATION 2(Questions 5-8) MESSAGE Problem: There was a 【L5】______problem. Mr. Franks’company hasn’t received the shipment of earrings that was supposed to arrive last【L6】______The shipment was delayed from 【L7】______. Meeting: At【L8】______Friday morning.5．【L5】正确答案：delivery6．【L6】正确答案：Tuesday7．【L7】正确答案：France8．【L8】正确答案：10(ten)Part 2听力原文：You will hear five different opinions about friendship. For questions 9~13, choose from the list A-F what friendships mean to each speaker. Use the letters only once. There is one extra letter which you do not need to use. Speaker 1: They say “a friend in need is a friend indeed” which is partly true, but a real friend should also be able to share your happy moments —without feeling jealous. A good friendship is one where you accept and forgive faults, understand moods, and don’t feel hurt if a friend doesn’t feel like seeing you. Of course, honesty is an essential part of any relationship. We should learn to accept our friends for what they are. And as I say, our friends give us a lot of pleasure. After all, friends should not be people with whom you kill time. Real friendship, in my opinion, is a “spiritually developing”experience. Speaker 2: I’ve never had a lot of friends. I’ve never regarded them as particularly important. Perhaps that’s because I come from a big family. I have two brothers and three sisters, and lots of cousins. And that’s what’s really important to me. My family, the different members of my family. If you really need help, you get it from your family, don’t you? Well, at least that’s what I’ve always found.Speaker 3: To me friendship... having friends, people I know, I can really count on... to me that’s the most important thing in life. It’s more important even than love. If you love someone, you can always fall out of love again, and that can lead to a lot of hurt feelings, bitterness, and so on. But a good friend is a friend for life. Well, I’ve already said, someone you know you can count on. I suppose what I really mean is... let’s see, how am I going to put this... it’s someone who will help you if you need help, who’ll listen to you when you talk about your problem... someone you can trust. Speaker 4: A lot of people say they’ve got best friends, but I actually wonder how many people actually do have a best friend in the real sense of the word. I have two friends. One works in the theatre, and one is a sort of businessman. We see each other about three or four times a year. But I wouldn’t call that being a best friend, which is a close friend. I think my best friend, without getting too soppy, is my wife. She is my totally best friend. I can discuss anything with her and she can pick up on feelings that I’ve got inside me, whereas my two friends can never do that unless I’m showing an expression on my face. Then they’ll say, “Oh, what’s the matter?” But with my wife, I can walk into a room and she knows exactly what kind of mood I’m in. That is a best friend. Speaker 5: Erma, I feel that bestfriends are those who can understand you. I’ve kept in touch with three people from school days. We don’t see each other very often, but the thing about it is when we do see each other it’s as if there’s been no time spent apart. We’re able just to slip into our relationship again at once. It’s like wearing a pair of shoes that you’ve had for a long time: It’s comfortable, it’s safe and it’s warm and it’s easy. I rate friendship as this: A friend is someone who can understand me, understand all the nuances and all the facets that I have about me, and I can perform towards them in the same manner. That is the end of Part 2. You now have 20 seconds to copy your answers on the Answer Sheet.You will hear five different opinions about friendship. For questions 9-13, choose from the list A-F what friendships mean to them. Use the letters only once. There is one extra letter which you do not need to use.A. A real friend can share your happiness, accept and forgive faults.B. Sometimes your best friend is yourself.C. Family is more important than friends in his mind.D. Friendship is more important than love.E. A friend is someone who can understand you.F. His best friend is his wife, because she knows what kind of mood he is in.9．Speaker 1: ______正确答案：A10．Speaker 2: ______正确答案：C11．Speaker 3: ______正确答案：D12．Speaker 4: ______正确答案：F13．Speaker 5: ______正确答案：EPart 3听力原文：Look at the ten statements for this part. You will hear a man talking about the Wright Brothers. Decide whether you think each statement is right(R), wrong(W)or not mentioned(NM). In 1899, the Wright Brothers designed their first aircraft: a small, biplane glider. The Wright Brothers spent a great deal oftime observing birds in flight. They noticed that birds soared into the wind and that the air flowing over the curved surface of their wings created lift. Birds change the shape of their wings to turn and maneuver. They believed that they could use this technique to obtain roll control by warping, or changing the shape, of a portion of the wing. Over the next three years, Wilbur and his brother Orville designed a series of gliders which were flown in both unmanned and piloted flights. They recognized that control of the flying aircraft would be the most crucial and hardest problem to solve. Following a successful glider test, the Wrights built and tested a full-size glider. In 1900, the Wrights successfully tested their new 50-pound biplane glider in both unmanned and piloted flights. In fact, it was the first piloted glider. Based upon the results, the Wright Brothers planned to refine the controls and landing gear, and build a bigger glider. In 1901, the Wright Brothers flew the largest glider ever flown. Many problems occurred. The Wrights reviewed their test results and decided to build a wind tunnel to test a variety of wing shapes and their effect on lift. Based upon these tests, they planned to design a new glider with a 32-foot wingspan and a tail to help stabilize it. During 1902, the brothers flew numerous test glides using their new glider. With successful glides to verify their wind tunnel tests, the inventors planned to build a powered aircraft. After months of studying how propellers work the Wright Brothers designed a motor and a new aircraft. The craft weighed 700 pounds and came to be known as the Flyer. After two attempts to fly this machine, one of which resulted in a minor crash, Orville Wright took the Flyer for a 12-second, sustained flight on December 17,1903. This was the first successful, powered, piloted flight in history. In 1904, the first flight lasting more than five minutes took place on November 9. The Flyer II was flown by Wilbur Wright. That is the end of Part 3. You now have 20 seconds to copy your answers onto the Answer Sheet.Look at the ten statements for this part. You will hear a man talking about “The Wright Brothers “. Decide whether you think each statement is right(R), wrong(W)or not mentioned(NM).14．The Wright Brothers spent a lot of time observing flying birds.A．RightB．WrongC．Not Mentioned正确答案：A15．The Wrights found the air flowing in wings enabled birds to fly.A．RightB．WrongC．Not Mentioned正确答案：B16．For the Wrights, the control of the flying aircraft was the key problem. A．RightB．WrongC．Not Mentioned正确答案：A17．The Wrights spent a lot of money on the first full-size glider. A．RightB．WrongC．Not Mentioned正确答案：C18．The first piloted glider weighed 50 pound.A．RightB．WrongC．Not Mentioned正确答案：A19．Not all tests of the 50-pound glider were successful.A．RightB．WrongC．Not Mentioned正确答案：C20．The wind tunnel was used to test the effects of wing shapes on lift. A．RightB．WrongC．Not Mentioned正确答案：A21．The new glider flew in 1901 and it had a tail.A．RightB．WrongC．Not Mentioned正确答案：B22．The powered aircraft was built to learn how propellers work. A．RightB．WrongC．Not Mentioned正确答案：B23．The Flyer II was built in 1903 with the help of a local banker.A．RightB．WrongC．Not Mentioned正确答案：CPart 4听力原文：Look at the questions for this part. You will hear a passage about “Health and Fitness “. You will listen to it twice. For Questions 24-30, indicate which of the alternatives A, B, or C is the most appropriate response. Mark one letter A, B, or C on the Answer Sheet. Health and Fitness Not all Americans are physically fit, or even try to be. The overall population is becoming heavier, due to poor eating habits and a sedentary lifestyle. Some studies estimate that less than half of Americans exercise in their leisure time. Experts say that it is not because Americans “don’t know what’s good for them”—they just don’t do it. Compared to the beginning of the 1980s, three quarters of Americans in the 1990s say that physical fitness is more important to them now than it was then. But the National Center for Health Statistics reports that the number of people who are at least 20 percent over their desirable weight has risen from one in four to one in three Americans. Newspapers and magazines are full of information on nutrition and poor diet. Television news programs urge people to eat more vegetables and warn of the dangers of high-fat diets and high cholesterol levels —particularly heart disease and certain types of cancer. Since 1994 the government has required uniform labeling so that consumers can compare the fat and calories in the food they buy. Grocery stores are full of low-fat or fat-free cookies, crackers, bread, milk, margarine, mayonnaise, and even potato chips. Many Americans have switched to skim milk, but they still buy fancy, fat-rich ice cream. More than half of Americans say that they pay attention to the nutritional content of the food they eat, but they also say they eat what they really want whenever they feel like it. Experts say that it is a combination of social, cultural, and psychological factors that determine how people eat. A Newsweek article on America’s weight problems refers to “the culture of over-indulgence seemingly ingrained in American life. The land of plenty seems destined to include plenty of pounds as well,” they conclude. Part of the problem is that Americans eat larger portions and often go back for second helpings, in contrast to how much people eat in many other countries. Another factor is Americans’ love of fast food. Some estimates are that 50% of Americans eat pizza once every two weeks, a percentage that is no doubt quite a bit higher among high school and collegestudents. Americans are consuming more and more hamburgers, French fries, and soft drinks at restaurants, not only because they like them but also because these foods are often the cheapest items on the menu. Another significant factor is Americans’ busy lifestyle. Since so many women are working, families are eating a lot of fast food, frozen dinners, and restaurant “takeout”. Some experts believe that Americans have really lost control of their eating; it is not possible to limit fat and calories when they eat so much restaurant and packaged food. It takes time to prepare fresh vegetables and fish; stopping at KFC(Kentucky Fried Chicken)on the way home from work is a much faster alternative. Often American families eat “on the run”instead of sitting down at the table together. This is the end of Part 4. You now have 2 minutes to copy your answers on the Answer Sheet.Look at the questions for this part. You will hear a passage about “Health and Fitness “. You will listen to it twice. For Questions 24-30, indicate which of the alternatives A, B, or C is the most appropriate response. Mark one letter A, B, or C on the Answer Sheet.24．Many Americans are getting fatter ______.A．because of their poor eating habits and sedentary lifestyleB．because of their ignorance about what is good for themC．because of their strong dislike for physical exercises正确答案：A25．What percentage of Americans doesn’t exercise in their leisure time according to some studies?A．Exactly half.B．More than half.C．Less than half.正确答案：B26．What percentage of Americans is reported to be at least 20 percent over their desirable weight in the 1990s?A．One fifth.B．One fourth.C．One third.正确答案：C27．Which of the following mass media is NOT mentioned as a carrier of information on nutrition and proper diet?A．Radio.B．Television.C．Newspapers.正确答案：A28．Why has the government required uniform labeling of food since 1994?A．Because it wants to help consumers compare the fat and calories in the food they buy.B．Because food with uniform labels is not likely to cause disease.C．Because uniform labeling will result in low-fat or fat-free food.正确答案：A29．Which of the following is NOT a reason why Americans are consuming more and more fast food at restaurants?A．Fast food is often the cheapest.B．Fast food is believed to be nutritious.C．Americans simply like fast food.正确答案：B30．When Americans eat so much restaurant and packaged food, they ______.A．can limit fat and caloriesB．can limit fat but not caloriesC．can’t limit fat or calories正确答案：C。

BEC商务英语中级听力常考词汇1.a change of pace 节奏变换You can’t do these chemistry experiments all day long. You certainly need a change of pace.2. a far cry from 相距甚远The published book is far cry from the early manuscript.3. and how 的确A: She’s a good dancer.B: and how.4. a matter of time 时间问题It is only a matter of time.5. a phone call away 一个电话之远，愿意过来帮忙。

If you need my help. do let me know. Just remember I am a phone call away.6. a while back 不久以前7.all along 一直I knew it all along.8. anything but 绝对不I was anything but happy about going.9. account for 解释How do you account for it?10. after all 到底A: I’ve just seen the X-rays and your teeth look just fine.B: I see. Then there is nothing to worry about after all.11. allergic to 对|……过敏Oh man! Something in this room is making my eyes itch, I must be allergic to something.12. at sb’s service 愿为某人服务I am at your service at any time.13. around the clock 24小时不停Martha studied around the clock for management exam.14. as far as I know 就我所知15，at home with 对…..很熟悉She is at home with problems like this.16. back out1) 退出A: Wasn’t Bert supposed to sing tonight?B: Yes. but he backed out at last minute2)不履行She finally backed out of her promise.17. be cut out for 天生适合I’m not cut out to be a hero.18. be absorbed inShe has been absorbed in a horror fiction. I can’t tear her away.19. be addicted to 对……上瘾She has been addicted to drugs for years.20. be attached to 对……有感情A: I’m amazed that you are still driving that old car of yours. I thought you would have gotten rid of it years ago.B: It runs well and I’ve actually been quite attached to it.21. back up1) 累积The subway is running behind schedule. and traffic is backed up for blocks. I don’t know if we’ll make the 6:30 show.2) 支持I’ll back it up.22. be bound for 到……地方The bus is bound for New England.23. be (feel) myself 找到自我I’m feeling myself again.24. be burned up 生气She was really burned up at the news.25. be hard up forI’m hard up for clothes, but I have a lot of books.26. be head and shoulders above 好许多In calculus. Joe is head and shoulders above his classmates.27，be in the dark 蒙在鼓里A: Do you have any idea what his notice is about?B: I’m as in the dark as you are.28，be stuck 卡住了I can’t get this window open. It’s stuck.29. bite off more than one can chew. 贪多嚼不烂A: I hear you’re taking an advanced physics course this semester.B: I think I’ve bitten off more than I can chew.30. break new ground 有了新的突破His architectural design broke new ground in the field.31，benefit concert 慈善音乐会We need to let everyone know about the benefit concert, but we don’t have much money for advertising.32. busy signal 占线I’ve been calling David for the past half hour, but I keep getting a busy signal.33.between you and me 你我之间，保密34，call forA.打电话找Tom just called for you.B.预报The forecast calls for heavy rain again tonight. Aren’t you glad we’ll be getting away from this for a week?C.问It’s probably in the new part of town. We’ll have to call for directions.35. call it a day 就此结束A: I’m really glad our club decides to raise money for the children’s hospital and most of the people we’ve phoned seemed happy to contribute.B: Yeah. I agree. Now we’ve gone through all the numbers on our list now, so I guess we can call it a day.36.cash the check 兑现支票Have your sister cashed her paycheck?37.clear off 收拾，整理It’s about time we clear off the desk.38e down (雨，雪)下起来The heavy rain is coming down. now.39. come in first in the race 比赛第一名Not only did Jill come in first in the race but she also had her best running time of the season.40e what may 不管怎样41.cost somebody an arm and a legA: Did you see the diamond ring Bill gave to Linda?B: I sure did. It must have cost him an arm and a leg.42. cut it out 闭嘴I told you to cut it out.43.be cut out for 生来时做……的Dr. Hamilton doesn’t feel Larry is cut out for the medical profession.44.department chair 系主任I didn’t write that memo to the department chair.45.dirt cheap 非常便宜A: You’ve already furnished your apartment?B: I’ve found some used furniture that was dirt cheap.46. do with 用…..凑合; do without 没有……也行You can do with your girlfriend.You can do without your girlfriend47. dog tired 特别累，同义：run down; worn out; out of steamI’m dog tired these days. I’m working on seven articles.48. down jacket 羽绒服49，drive somebody up the wall 让某人发疯;同义：drive somebody out of one’s mindThe sound of all that raffic is driving me out of my mind.50. fall back on 依赖A: Were you able to understand that French novel without any help from the teacher?B: I did pretty well. but I had to fall back on my dictionary occasionally.51. fill a prescription 按处方抓药Would you please fill this prescription for me?52. fill in for 代替; 同义：fill one’s place(position. shoes); take the place of;take overDave. can you fill in for me tonight at the restaurant? I’d like to go out of town.53.food for thought 令人思考的东西;同义：thought-provokingThere is a lot food for thought in what he had to say.54.for nothing 免费To pay to see that movie would be foolish. when you can see it on TV for nothing.55.from top to bottom 从上到下A: Maybe you lost your wallet in this room.B: I’ve searched it from top to bottom.56. get of on the wrong foot 开始事情就做错了I got off on the wrong foot. and I don’t have any idea which way to turn now.57.get a lot out of something 从……学到很多The training program was difficult,but she got a lot out of it.58. get at 想说Do you understand what I’m getting at?59. get away with 对…..摆脱惩罚A: Did you know that Bob is leaving for home tonight? He isn’t planning to take his final exams.B: He can’t get away with that60.get going 赶紧行动; 同义：get movingA: It looks like we won’t have enough time to do all we wanted to.61. get on one’s nerve 招惹某人神经了A: Why did you come to the meeting late? I left a message with your roommate about the time change.B: She has a very short memory and it really gets on my nerve sometimes.62. get started on 开始做We should get started on the project.63. get time off from work 从工作中抽时间Oh. so she was able to get time off from the work.64.give credibility to 相信A: did you hear about Jim?B: I wouldn’t give that rumor any credibility.65.go easy on 温和对待Well. since it’s your first and only ticket. the judge will probably go easy on you.66.go in one ear and out the other 一耳朵进，一耳朵出Well. you know Mike. everything’s in one ear and out the other.67.go jogging 去跑步Are you ready to go jogging?68.go to one’s head 某人自负A: Have you noticed how John’s changed since he became student government president?B: I think the whole thing has gone to his head. and he used to be so sociable and open.69.got the time 几点了A: Got the time?B: It’s a little after ten.70. graduation announcements 毕业典礼请柬Have you ordered your graduation announcements?71.graon about 抱怨How come Michael’s always groaning about something?72.guest lecturer 客座教授The only person who understood the guest lecturer was the professor.73.hand-me-down 送的东西A: What a gorgeous jacket. It must have cost a fortune.B: Not at all. It’s a hand-me-down.74.hand down 易如反掌Lee won the chess match hands down.75.have a way with 擅长Bonnie really has a way with words.76.have had it with 处于I’ve had it with being sick in bed. I’ve read most of these magazines twice.77. head and shoulders above 高出许多In computer programming. Susan is head and shoulders above the rest of us.78. hit the spots 特别好This lemonade sure hits the spots.79. hold the grudge 记仇A: I wish I hadn’t hurt Mary’s feelings like that. You know I never meant to.B: The great thing about Mary is that she doesn’t hold the grudge.80.in charge of 负责，主管81. I have seen worse 我见过更糟的82. in advance 提前;同义：before hand. ahead of timeIt’s a really nice apartment. But the owners want two-month rent in advance and I just don ’t have it.83. in case 万一Let’s take our suits along in case the sun comes out.84. in next to no time 马上A: Are you going to be using the copying machine long?B: I’ll be through in next to no time.85. in the red 赤字反义：in the black86.in the works 正在准备阶段An advanced course in theoretical chemistry is the works.87. keep to oneselfI’m amazed that you still haven’t gotten to know your neighbors.88. kill time 浪费时间Gosh. what can we do to kill the next 10 hours?89. leave…up to somebodyWe’ll have to leave the decision up to him.90. letter of recommendation 推荐信;letter of reference 推荐信91. look on the bright sides of things 看事物的光明面92. no kidding 不是开玩笑吧93. on the tip of one’s tongue 就在舌尖A: Are you sure you can’t remember the name of that record?B: It’s just on the tip of my tongue!94. quitting time 下课时间I’m glad it’s almost quitting time.95. take it over 重修Don failed physics and had to take it over.96. than necessary 比应该的要冷The lab was cooler than necessary.97. That’s easer said than done. 说来容易做来难98. There is nothing to it. 没什么，很容易I can run this projector. There’s really nothing to it.99. with flying colors 成功A: How did Ellen do on her American History exam?B: She passed with flying colors.100. You can bet your life 当然A: Will Prof. Smith come to class on time?B: You can bet your life.1 解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle2 损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize3 给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford4 培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster5 优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6 缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness7 使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8 重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative9 认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced10 保护：Protect, conserve, preserve11 确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12 有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental13 要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition14 消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away15 导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate16 因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this17 增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to18 降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to19 保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out20 急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably21 平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly22 宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim23 发生：Happen, occur, take place24 原因：Reason, factor, cause25 发展：Development, advance, progress26 有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous27 影响：Influence, impact, effect28 明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear29 占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30 与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to31 对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely32 展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe33 大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly34 波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation35 事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that36 换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle。

MTI翻译专有名词NAFTA 北美自由贸易区= North American Free Trade Agreement of Canada, Mexico and the U.S.EFTA/AFTA 欧洲自由贸易区/东盟自由贸易区APEC 亚太经济合作组织=Asia-Pacific Economic CooperationASEAN 东南亚国家联盟=Association of South East Asian NationsNATO 北大西洋公约组织=North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationInternational Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织European Free Trade Association 欧洲自由贸易联盟International Atomic Energy Agency 国际原子能机构WWF 世界自然基金会=World Wildlife FundICC 国际商务委员会（美洲国际）= The Interstate Commerce Commission of U.S.A.WTO 世界贸易组织/世界旅游组织= World Trade Organization/ World Tourism Organization= Warsaw Treaty Organization 华沙条约组织WHO 世界卫生组织= World Health OrganizationUNSECO 联合国教科文组织=United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UN = Unites Nations 联合国Security Council 安理会World Bank 世界银行NASA 美国国家航天局=National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationA@ at 每a.a.r against all risks 全险acc acceptance;accepted 承兑;已承兑a.g.b a good brand 任何名牌ao account of 记入...帐目a.p. additional premium 附加保险a.r. all risks 全险AS;accs account sales 售货清单av;AV average 平均数BBB bill book 出纳簿BD bank draft 银行汇票bd. bond 债券bds. boards 董事会BE bill of exchange 汇票bk. bank book 帐簿bkg. banking 银行业BL bill of lading 提货单B.P.B bank post bill 银行汇票BR bank rate 银行贴现率BR;b.r. bill receivable 应收票据B.S;b.s. balance sheet 资产负债表bt bought 购入CC currency,coupon 现金,息单CA capital account 资本帐户CAD cash against document 凭单付款canclg. cancelling 取消cat. catalogue 目录CB cash book 现金簿CD cash dividend 现金折扣c.d. cum dividend 付股息报关单C and D collection and delivery 收款发货cert. certificate 证明CF carried forward 转下页cge. carriage 运费CH custom house 海关ch.ppd charges prepaid 预付费cl certificate insurance 保险证明书c&l cost and insurance 保险费在内价CIF cost,insurance and freight 到岸价格CO cash order 现金汇票C.O.t. change over to 转入COD cash on delivery 货到付款com. commercialcommission 商业;佣金cr. credit 货方ctge cartage 车费cur. current 本月;现付CWO cash with order 订货即付款cy. currency 货币DDC. deviation 贴现dd. delivered 交付de. deferred 延期deg. degree 等级dft. draft 汇票div dividend;division 红利;部门DN debit note 欠单;借项清单dols. dollars 美元DP documents against payment 付款交单dr. debtor drawer 债务人,借方d.r. dock receipt 存款收条DW deposit warrant 码头仓单dely. delivery 交付Eea. each 每e.d. ex dividend 股息除外eq. equivalent 等值exd. examined 已检查exs. expenses 费用Ff.i.t. free of income tax 免所得税FOB free on board 离岸价格FO for order 准备出售f.p;FP fully paid 付讫frt. freight 运费Ggrs.wt gross weight 毛重g.t.c. good till cancelled 未注销前有效H-Z1HHp horse power 马力h.p.n. horse power nominal 标称马力IIB invoice book 发票簿ib ibidem(in the same place) 同前;出处同上id idem(the same) 同上i.e. id est(that is) 即,就是IL import licence 进口许可证int. interest 利息inv. invoice 发票IOU I owe you 借据,欠条JJA joint account 共同帐户LLC letter of credit 信用证led. ledger 总帐簿LIP life insurance policy 人寿保险单LS locus sigil(place of seal) 盖印处MMA my account 本人帐户MC marginal credit 限界信贷MD memorandum of deposit 存款单min minimum,minute 最低额;分钟mks. marks 商标Mo money order 邮汇mos. months 月NNE;ne no effects 无存款ND no dated 未注明日期nf.n.f no funds 无款NM no mark 无商标;无标志NP notary public 公证人OOA on account of 因为od on demand 见票即付PPA private account 私人帐户PC price current 时价表pc. prices;piece 价格;个p.c.b petty cash book 零用现金簿PO postal order 汇票POB post office box 邮政信箱ppd. prepaid 预付pref. preference or preferred 优先prox. proximo(of the next month) 下月(拉) P.T.O. please turn over 转下页Qq.v. quod vide(which see) 请查阅q.y. query 查核RRD refer to drawer(banking) 请与出票接洽re. with referece to 关于recd. received 收到r.i. reinsurance 再保险r.l receipt for a loan 借据;欠条RSVP reply please 候复sect. section 部分sgd signed 已签署shr. share 股份std. standard 标准,本价stk. stock 存货,股票TTMO telegraph 电汇票TT;TT telegraphic transfers 电汇汇票VV;VS versus(against) 对,相反vid vide(see) 参阅viz. videlicet(namely) 即v.i vending list 售货清单Ww.r.t. with regard to 关于1 C&F(cost&freight)成本加运费价2 TT(telegraphic transfer)电汇3 DP(document against payment)付款交单4 DA (document against acceptance)承兑交单6 G.S.P.(generalized system of preferences)普惠制7 CTNCTNS(cartoncartons)纸箱8 PCEPCS(piecepieces)只、个、支等9 DLDLS(dollardollars)美元10 DOZDZ(dozen)一打11 PKG(package)一包,一捆,一扎,一件等12 WT(weight)重量13 G.W.(gross weight)毛重14 N.W.(net weight)净重15 CD (customs declaration)报关单16 EA(each)每个,各17 W (with)具有18 wo(without)没有19 FAC(facsimile)传真20 IMP(import)进口21 EXP(export)出口22 MAX (maximum)最大的、最大限度的23 MIN (minimum)最小的,最低限度24 M 或MED (medium)中等,中级的25 MV(merchant vessel)商船26 S.S(steamship)船运27 MT或MT(metric ton)公吨28 DOC (document)文件、单据29 INT(international)国际的30 PL (packing list)装箱单、明细表31 INV (invoice)发票32 PCT (percent)百分比33 REF (reference)参考、查价34 EMS (express mail special)特快传递35 STL.(style)式样、款式、类型36 T或LTX或TX(telex)电传37 RMB(renminbi)人民币38 SM (shipping marks)装船标记39 PR或PRC(price) 价格40 PUR (purchase)购买、购货41 SC(sales contract)销售确认书42 LC (letter of credit)信用证43 BL (bill of lading)提单44 FOB (free on board)离岸价45 CIF (cost,insurance&freight)成本、保险加运费价补充:CR=credit贷方,债主DR=debt借贷方(注意:国外常说的debt card,就是银行卡,credit card就是信誉卡。

BEC 听力高频100 词Part1：职业种类receptionist 接待员security guard 保安sales representative 销售代表consultant 顾问，咨询师courier 信件递送员，通信员mechanic 机械师product manager 产品经理real estate agent 房地产代理商analyst 分析员accountant 会计assistant 助手IT technician 网络技术员tech-support 技术支持Part2：对职业的描述1. 有关销售代理（Sales Representative）的词汇market trend 市场趋势offering discount 打折launching campaigns 搞（促销）活动marketing plans 营销计划territories 销售区sales presentation 销售报告badge 胸卡2. 有关会计（Accountant）的词汇budgeting 预算transaction 交易outstanding account 未决账项title of account 会计项目financial reports 财政报告invoice management 发票管理statement of account 会计报表account receivable 应收账credit account 贷方账项debit account 借方账项account-book 账簿to close an account 结账to keep account 继续记账marketing plans 营销计划territories 销售区3. 有关人事工作（Human Resource）的词汇recruitment 招收staff training 人员培训staff promotion 人员提职verify suitability 考核适应度monitor staff performance 监管员工表现people cost review 人力成本评述4. 有关技术工作（Technology）的词汇software and hardware installation 软件及硬件的安装desktop 桌面troubleshooting 解决问题virus updates 病毒升级setup and maintain the PCs 安装和维护个人电脑fire-wall 防火墙server 服务器configuration 参数backup 备份printer 打印机5. 有关秘书（Secretary）的词汇screen calls 筛选电话take message 记录留言word processing 文字处理transcribe 誊写spreadsheet software 电子制表软件coordinate internal and external meetings 协调内部及外部会议receive guests and visitors 接待客人和来访者deal with files and correspondence 处理文件和信件6. 有关接待员（Receptionist）的词汇answer incoming calls 接收来电responsible for visitor entertaining 款待客人collect the reimbursement materials 收集报销材料vehicle dispatching management 安排车辆7. 有关导游（Tour Guide）的词汇travel agency 旅游局historical sites 历史古迹sightseeing 观光river cruise 江上观光excursion 短途旅行customs 风俗8. 有关房地产（Real Estate）的词汇properties 财产commission 佣金loan 贷款mortgage 贷款guarantor 担保人premise 店铺forward delivery housing 期房complete department/flat 现房9. 有关产品研发（Product Research Development）的词汇launch new product 推出新产品innovating packagingproduction planning 生产规划quality control 质量控制project management 项目管理sample 样品deadline 截止日期10. 有关保险（Insurance）的词汇cargo insurance 货物保险branch of insurance 保险类别coverage 保险总额life insurance 人寿保险insurance premium 保险费policy-holder 保险客户notice of loss 损害通知书renew 续保loss ratio 赔付率survey 查勘indemnify 赔款natural losses 自然损耗natural calamities 自然灾害deposit premium 预付保险费expiration of policy 保险单期满BEC 口试点睛100词和短语Part 1 Human resourcesRecruiting and selectinghire/employ 招聘headhunt 猎聘apply for 申请（职位）cover letter 附信qualification 资历candidate 候选人Staff traininggraduates 刚步入社会的毕业生in-house training 内部培训highly skilled 高技能的self-starters/proactive/self-motivated/self-d riven 自我驱动型的methodical/systematic/organized 有条理的Career developmentperks 津贴basic salary 基本工资pension 退休金performance-related bonuses 绩效奖金career ladder 职业阶梯promote 晋级restructure 重组job insecurity 工作不安全感Corporate cultureentrepreneurial 创业精神的autocratic 专横的bureaucratic 官僚的supportive 支持的controlling 控制人的mentor 导师，师父cut-throat 竞争激烈的back-up 支持Ways of workingflextime 弹性工作时间shifts 轮班commute 通勤working from home 在家办公teleworking 远程办公satisfying/stimulating/fascinating 令人满意的dull/boring/uninteresting/simulating 无聊的repetitive/routine 重复的tiring/tough/hard/demanding 累人的Part 2 ManagementLeadership and management styles distant 不易亲近的approachable 易亲近的top-down approach 自上而下的管理风格bottom-up approach 自下而上的管理风格empowerment 授权decision-making 决策delegate 委派Time managementon/behind/ahead of schedule 及时/落后进度/超前进度delay 延迟make up time 弥补时间simultaneous 同步的prioritize 把…区分优先顺序distraction 分心的事Managing stressrewarding 值得的overwhelmed使不知所措overwork 工作过度burned out 精疲力竭quality time 黄金时光（跟家人，朋友在一起的时间）lifestyle 生活方式Meetingbrainstorming 头脑风暴department meeting 部门会议productive 有成效的digression 离题chairperson 会议主持人agenda 议程venue 会场Presentationpress conference 新闻发布会product launch 产品发布seminar 探讨会workshop 研讨会facilities 设备flip chart 挂图Part 3 MarketingProduct development manufacturing 制造业market research 市场调研sales forecast 销售预测design defect 设计缺陷state-of-the-art 最先进的intellectual property 知识产权Advertisingbillboards 广告牌TV commercial 电视广告product endorsement 产品代言sponsorship 赞助promotion activities 促销活动loyalty cards 会员卡banner advertisement 横幅广告pop-up 弹窗Brandingbrand awareness 品牌意识brand familiarity 品牌熟悉度brand preference 品牌偏好brand image 品牌形象brand stretching 品牌扩张Marketing channelscustomer needs 客户需求marketer 市场营销人员market segmentation 市场划分market share 市场份额market leader 市场领袖market growth 市场增长competitors 竞争对手Customer satisfactioncustomer loyalty 客户忠诚度word-of-mouth 口碑data management 数据管理consumer behavior 消费者行为consumer profile 消费者形象描述confidentiality 保密性CRM (Customer Relationship Management) 客户关系管理BEC阅读必备150词Part 1 International Economydownward 向下的consumption 消费，消耗expenditure fund deposit经费存款utilization of budget 预算执行outpace 赶过，超过parity 同等，相等，平价stock market bubble 股市泡沫expired appropriation 过期的拨款business recovery 业务重整consultancy company咨询公司a risk of a double-dip recession 再次陷入衰退的风险fiscal allotment 财政拨款fiscal charges 财务税收tighten auditing 强化审计credit squeeze 信贷紧缩，银根紧缩balance sheet account资产负债表账户entrepreneurial mode 企业型经营策略模式economic downturn 经济不景气productive efficiency 生产效能technical innovation 技术革新independent innovation 自主创新efficiency dividend 效率股息alternative cost 选择成本，替换成本specificity subsidies 专项补贴Part 2 World Tradecomprehensive income 综合收入comparison shopping 比较购物acceleration 加速，促进sample order 照样品订货the lion’s share 最大份额fluctuation of price 价格波动currency intervention 干预通货economic stagnation 经济萧条sophisticated technology 工艺精良economic retaliation 经济报复backfire on 对……产生事与愿违的效果imposition of a fine 罚款double imposition 复税punitive surtax 惩罚性附加税protectionist legislation 保护贸易立法emergency credential 临时执照anti-dumping 反倾销outsource service 外包服务excessive competitive 过度竞争discount retailer 折扣零售商community property 团体财产rampant inflation 不能控制的通货膨胀drastic slump 市价暴跌be in the doldrums 处于萧条时期cyclical responsiveness 周期性反应Part 3 International Trade Knowledge credit sale 赊售，赊销credit terms 信贷条件，信用条件foreign credit 海外信贷barter transaction 实物交易cash transaction 现金交易standby unit 备用部件contractual income 合同收入contractual specifications 合同规定honor a cheque承兑支票honor a draft 承兑汇票negotiable security有价证券，可流通证券request letter 请求函unconditional guarantee 无条件品质保障revocable contract 可撤销合同sight draft 即期汇票time draft 远期汇票secondary beneficiary 第二受益人expiration notice 到期通知书contract expiration 合同过期，合同失效market profitability 市场收益率warehouse receipt 仓单，存货government utility政府公用事业talented workforce 人才队伍key enterprise 骨干企业production outsourcing 生产外包Part 4 Negotiationconflict of interest 利益冲突bargaining advantages 交易优势ineffective investment 无效投资briefing session 简介会financial objective 财政目标superior quality 优等品archival 主要竞争者，主要对手antitrust 反托拉斯的，反垄断的litigation cost 诉讼费，诉讼成本complaint handling 投诉处理share consolidation 股票合并pattern attorney 专利律师，专利代理人file a lawsuit 提起诉讼tax rebate 税务回扣，缴税扣税额conditional endorsement 附有条件的背书competitive exclusion 竞争性排斥reasonable disagreement 合理的分支principal negotiation 原则式谈判，原则性谈判principled leadership 有效的领导reach consensus 达成一致意见responsible stakeholder 负责任的利益相关者contract termination 解聘，终止合同meditation process 调解过程adversarial 对手的，对抗的proactive measures 预防性措施plaintiff 原告，起诉人defendant 被告Part 5 International Financetax dodger 偷税人，逃税人confidentiality agreement 机密性协议committed costs 约束成本，已承诺的费用international conglomerate 跨国企业集团volatile market 不稳定的市场行情profitability analysis 盈利性分析foreign currency translation risk 外币兑换风险prompt sale 即期销售，及时处理treasury check 国库支票treasury bills 国库券compromise settlement 协商解决earmarked tax 指定用途税，专用目的税coordinated reforms 配套改革currency upheaval 货币动荡market foreclosure 市场封杀foreclosure disposition 扣押抵债处置belated claim 迟索的赔款belated appeal 预期提出的上诉administration fee 手续费，管理费refinance credits 再筹划资金贷款enact decrees 制定法令protocol amendment 方案修正案tariff cap关税上限derivatives market 衍生产品市场lucrative capital 厚利资本Part 6 Business Management enterprise merger 企业兼并hostile nation 敌国takeover bid 收购竞争，收购行动profitable combination 盈利的产品组合vertical consolidation 纵向合并equity shareholder 普通股股东suffer a defeat 遭受挫败merchandise turnover 商品周转率bargain books 特价图书business jargon 商业行话green grocery 蔬菜水果店ruinous competition 破话性竞争purchasing agent 采购（进货）人员manufacturing right 生产权branding 品牌，树立品牌cyclical upturn 周期性上升holding corporation 控股公司negotiation meetings 谈判会议budget deficit 预算赤字distributor alliance 分销商联盟trail appointment 试任职位financial bankruptcy 财务破产entrepreneur spirit 事业心sophisticated investor 精明投资人qualified acceptance 有条件承税。

negotiations，delegate，delegation，summit峰会charter n. 特许状，执照，宪章pledge n. 诺言，保证，誓言，抵押，信物，保人，祝愿vt. 许诺，保证，使发誓，抵押，典当，举杯祝……健康vt. 特许，发给特许执照promote peace促进和平boost economic co-op加强经济合作make concession/compromise作出妥协pass a resolution通过决议sanction n. 核准，制裁，处罚，约束力vt. 制定制裁规则，认可，核准，同意default n. 违约，不履行责任，缺席，默认值vt. 疏怠职责，缺席，拖欠，默认vi. 疏怠职责，缺席，拖欠，默认veto a bill否决议案break the deadlock打破僵局a scientific breakthrough科学突破an unexpected outcome出乎意料的结果sign/ratify an accord/deal/treaty/pact/agreement签署协议diplomatically isolated country在外交上被孤立的国家diplomatic solutions外交解决方案hot spot热点take hostilities toward……对……采取敌对态度ethnic cleansing种族排斥refugee，illegal aliens非法移民mediator调解员national convention国民大会fight corruption反腐败corrupted election腐败的选举peace process和平进程give a boost to……促进booming economy促进经济发展mutual benefits/interests双赢Defense Minister，evacuate，flee from Pentagon五角大楼impose/break a deadline规定/打破最后期限retaliate报复banking reform金融改革commissioner代表go bankrupt破产file for bankruptcy提出破产deputy代表external forces外部力量speculate，disarmament agreement裁军协议mandate，to lift a boycott取消禁令withdraw，embargo，impose sanctions against……实施制裁dismantle销毁the implementation of an accord执行决议to ease the ban on ivory trade缓解对象牙贸易的禁令to harbor sb.保护animal conservation动物保护threatened/endangered species濒危物种illegal poaching非法捕猎face extinction濒临灭亡Gallup/opinion/exit poll，survey民意调查stand trial受审put……on trial审判某人eculate，disarmament agreement裁军协议mandate，to lift a boycott取消禁令withdraw，embargo，impose sanctions against……实施制裁dismantle销毁the implementation of an accord执行决议to ease the ban on ivory trade缓解对象牙贸易的禁令to harbor sb.保护animal conservation动物保护threatened/endangered species濒危物种illegal poaching非法捕猎face extinction濒临灭亡Gallup/opinion/exit poll，survey民意调查stand trial受审put……on trial审判某人sue，file suit against……状告radioactive放射性radiation辐射uranium enrichment program铀浓缩计划nuke nonproliferation核部扩散suspect，arrest，detain，in custody被囚禁on human rights abuse charges反人权罪名HIV positive HIV阳性malaria，diabetes，hypertension，lung cancer，breast cancerfight poverty/starvation/hunger/disease/virus，stop the spread of……crack down on……严打illegal drug trafficking毒品贩运piracy，pirated products盗版产品fake goods假货notorious臭名昭著bloody tyrant血腥独裁者execute/execution处决，death penalty死刑seminar，forum，peace conference，national convention，his counterpart同等级别的人。