2021届全国名校联考新高考原创预测试卷（四）
英语
★祝考试顺利★
注意事项：
1、考试范围：高考范围。
2、答题前，请先将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写在试题卷和答题卡上的相应位置，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。
3、选择题的作答：每个小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非选择题答题区域的答案一律无效。
4、主观题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域的答案一律无效。如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
5、选考题的作答：先把所选题目的题号在答题卡上指定的位置用2B铅笔涂黑。答案用0.5毫米黑色签字笔写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非选修题答题区域的答案一律无效。
6、保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损，不得使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带等。
7、考试结束后，请将本试题卷、答题卡、草稿纸一并依序排列上交。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How does the man want his steak cooked?
A. Rare.
B. Medium-rare.
C. Well done.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: How would you like your steak cooked, sir? Rare, medium-rare, or well done?
M: I’d like mine rare, please. I think that’s the only way to eat steak, but my wife likes hers burned to a crisp!
2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place?
A. In the library.
B. In the teachers’ office.
C. In the science lab. 【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I looked for Mr. Ang in the library. Did he come here after class?
W: No, he never stops by the science lab. Maybe he’s grading papers in the teachers’ office.
3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the man look different now according to himself?
A. He lost weight.
B. He got older.
C. He had a haircut. 【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Your picture ID doesn’t look like you.
M: That’s because I’ve lost ten kilos since it was ta ken.
W: Oh! I thought it was your haircut that made you look different.
4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When will the next train for London leave?
A. At 8:30.
B. At 10:30.
C. At 11:30.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me, could you tell me when the next train for London leaves?
W: Well, trains for London leave every three hours. You just missed the 8:30 train by 10 minutes, I’m afraid.
5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who might the woman be talking with?
A. A repairman.
B. A policeman.
C. A parking lot attendant.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Madam, I’m going to let you off with a warning this time. But you need to get your car
window fixed. Next time, I will have to give you a ticket.
W: Oh, thank you, officer. I promise it won’t happen again.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where does the woman want to go?
A. To her home.
B. To a restaurant.
C. To a stadium.
7. How does the man feel about his work?
A. Relaxed.
B. Worried.
C. Uninterested.
【答案】6. B 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: We always eat early. Let’s go out for a late dinner at a restaurant tonight instead.
M: You know the game is on at 8:00, dear. We should get home before that.
W: But you watch sports every night! I miss spending time with you
M: This season is important, and my job depends on it. There are too many journalists now, and they’re getting younger and younger.
W: But you have more experience.
M: True. I’m good at what I do, but audiences want newer faces these days. I need to stay on top if I don’t want to get fired. But I promise I’ll take you on a nice vacation when it’s all over. We’ll spend a week at the beach!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. How long did Marco Polo travel?
A. For 13 years.
B. For 17 years.
C. For 24 years.
9. What does the man suggest the woman do at the end?
A. Read a storybook about Xuanzang.
B. Write an essay about Marco Polo.
C. Imagine the life in ancient times.
【答案】8. C 9. A
【解析】
【原文】M: What are you reading, Lucy?
W: The Travels of Marco Polo. We have to read it for class. Marco Polo was a famous traveler from Italy at the end of the 13th century. He spent 24 years on his journey and even went as far as China. Have you heard about him?
M: Of course! I love learning about the ancient explorers and travelers. Through them, you can find out what the world was like in those times. But there is an even older traveler that I like more. Do you know about Xuanzang?
W: No. Who was he?
M: He was a Chinese man from the 7th century. It took him 17 years to go from China to India and back. He wanted to learn about the origin of Buddhism. His journey must have been amazing. If you’d like to read about it, there’s a storybook called Journey to the West. It is a fantasy stor y about Xuanzang’s experiences.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What are experts predicting about robots within 10 years?
A. They will completely replace humans.
B. They will take over the top 10% of jobs.
C. They will take over 30% of all jobs.
11. According to the man, what difficult jobs are robots doing now?
A. Data analysis.
B. Acting.
C. Writing documents.
12. What do the speakers think people should do?
A. Drive less.
B. Let robots do more dangerous jobs.
C. Learn new skills and work with robots.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m learning to drive this summer. Would you like to join me?
W: No, I hate driving. I wish I could have a self-driving car.
M: I guess we might not need human drivers much longer. Experts are predicting that robots will take over 30% of our jobs within 10 years. Actually, robots can do a lot nowadays. They can do many difficult jobs like analyzing data and translating documents. They make fewer mistakes than humans and they don’t get tired.
W: What dangerous jobs can robots do?
M: Robots can work in the areas that cannot be reached by humans. For example, in Japan, robots have already been used in rescue work. Robots can even go in space to do scientific work.
W: What if we are completely replaced by robots?
M: I don’t think that’s very likely. Some jobs will never be completely taken over by robots, such as teaching and acting. I think we should take the opportunity to learn new skills and view robots as partners.
W: I agree.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What will Henry do at the beach?
A. Go swimming.
B. Go walking.
C. Go biking.
14. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates.
B. Colleagues.
C. Manager and customer.
15. Why won’t Kelly go to the beach tomorrow?
A. It will rain.
B. She has to work.
C. She is sensitive to the sun.
16. Who will drive the car today?
A. Ryan.
B. Henry.
C. Kelly.
【答案】13. B 14. B 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Henry, are you ready for the beach?
M: Yes, Kelly! Here I am!
W: Henry, I can hardly see you. Yo u look like you’re wearing the sheet of a king-size bed.
M: I need to protect my skin. I’m allergic to the sun.
W: We could’ve gone to a swimming pool!
M: No! I don’t even like to swim! I just want to take a long walk while I hear the waves and smell the salt in the air.
W: How can you smell anything when you’ve covered your entire face?
M: Let’s just get in the car. We only have one day off. I don’t want to waste a second.
W: Didn’t you hear the new manager? We have two days off.
M: What? Oh, great! Two days by the sea!
W: Tomorrow’s supposed to rain. I’m going to stay home.
M: Suit yourself. Rain or shine, I’m going back to the beach.
W: Ryan is using my car tomorrow. I can’t give you another ride.
M: I’ll bike there.
W: I never knew you liked the beach so much.
M: It’s not generally something I talk about at the office. I’m just too busy.
W: I never knew you were so sensitive to the sun either.
M: That’s why I have curtains in my office.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What goods should be mainly sold next week?
A. Skirts.
B. T-shirts.
C. Pants.
18. Who is giving away a free pair of shoes to the top salesperson?
A. Adidas.
B. Under Armour.
C. Nike.
19. Who will be the new assistant manager?
A. Tim Golding.
B. Jane Lewis.
C. Dianne Greenberg.
20. When should staff members finish counting their items?
A. By Friday.
B. By Wednesday.
C. By Monday.
【答案】17. C 18. A 19. B 20. B
【解析】
【原文】Listen up, everyone. I have an announcement to make. First, we have a lot of new goods coming in next week. Many of our products are now out of season. Everyone should be focusing on
selling our pants and long-sleeved shirts. Second, we are going to have a sales competition this month. Whoever sells the most Nike shoes will get one free night at a hotel. Adidas is also offering a free pair of shoes to whoever sells the most of their products. The person who sells the most Under Armour clothing will get a trip to the factory and can pick out anything they want. Last, there are some changes to management. Jane Lewis will be our new assistant manager for the store. Tim Golding is going to stay on as general manager, but the head of our clothing department is now Dianne Greenberg. I know everyone has been working hard lately, but we have an important day coming up. At the end of this week, we will be sending in our total sales numbers for this quarter. That means by Wednesday, we need to have a record of every item in our store. So on Monday and Tuesday, we are going to close early and get started on that. Any questions?
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分 40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Franklin Institute is one of the oldest and most beloved science museums in the U.S.
Why Visit
In 1824, the Franklin Institute opened in Independence Hall in memory of Benjamin Franklin and his scientific achievements. In 1934, with the construction of the current building and the nearby Fels Planetarium, it became a hands-on science museum.
Today, it holds the distinction of being Pennsylvania’s most visited museum. In the museum’s rotunda (圆形厅), a 20-foot-tall marble statue pay respect to the Founding Father and famous scientist.
Must-See
While the entire museum offers interactive fun, highlights include the high-tech Your Brain exhibit which offers a glimpse into the inner workings of the human brain; Sports Zone, which focuses on the scientific aspects of sports; Two Escape Rooms, where participants solve puzzles and riddles before time runs out; and the on-sile Virtual Reality Demonstration Space.
Pricing
General Admission to the Franklin Institute includes access to three floors of hands-on science exhibits including permanent interactive exhibits, Live Science programs, the Joel N. Bloom
Observatory and one show in the Fels Planetarium. Discounts are available for groups of 15 or more.
To purchase tickets, please click the ticket price to be directed to our online ticketing page where all the ticket prices are available. If you prefer to order tickets over the phone, please call 215 -448 -1200(9:00 am-5:00 pm).
Member Tickets
Members of the Franklin Institute receive exclusive (独有的) ticketing benefits, including discounted prices and no service fees. Please select your Membership level before purchasing member tickets.
21. What is the original purpose of the Franklin Institute?
A. To show respect to the Founding Father.
B. To honor Franklin and his achievements.
C. To attract more visitors and make profits.
D. To remind visitors of the famous scientist.
22. What can be inferred from Pricing?
A. Tickets for science exhibits are sold out.
B. Interactive exhibits are strongly recommended.
C. Discounts are available for most visitors.
D. The ticket prices are listed on the website.
23. What type of writing is this text?
A. A museum guide.
B. A science show review.
C. A brief announcement.
D. A scientific report.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文，介绍了美国最古老、最受欢迎的科学博物馆之一富兰克林研究所的参观信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In 1824, the Franklin Institute opened in Independence Hall in memory of Benjamin Franklin and his scientific achievements.”可知，1824年，富兰克林研究所在独立大厅成立，以纪念本杰明·富兰克林和他的科学成就，也就是说，富兰克林研究所的初衷是为了纪念富兰克林和他的成就，故B项正确。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据Pricing部分中的“To purchase tickets, please click the ticket price to be directed to our online ticketing page where all the ticket prices are available.”可知，要购买门票，请点击“门票价格”直接到我们的在线票务页面，那里有所有的门票价格，由此可知，网站上列出了票价，故D项正确。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一句话“The Franklin Institute is one of the oldest and most beloved science museums in the U.S.”可知，富兰克林研究所是美国最古老、最受欢迎的科学博物馆之一。以及“Why Visit，Must-See，Pricing，Member Tickets”介绍的具体内容可知，本文是博物馆的参观指南，故A项正确。
B
Vijay Gupta is known to classical music lovers across the United States. He serves as first violinist for the Los Angeles Philharmonic. In that job, he often plays to large crowds, including many very rich people. When he is no t performing, he organizes concerts for homeless people. “They have reminded me why I became a musician,” he said.
Last week, Gupta was recognized for being a founder and the artistic director of Street Symphony. The group has performed at homeless shelters, jails and halfway houses for about eight years. Gupta is among the 25 winners of the 2018 MacArthur Fellowship, commonly known as the “genius grant.” Each winner will receive $625,000 over five years to use as they wish. The money is coming from a private group, the John D. and Katherine T. MacArthur Foundation. It awards grants (补助金)to people whose work it considers exceptional and that “inspires hope in us all.” Gupta said he got the idea for Street Symphony while teaching Nathaniel Ayers, a trained musician whose mental illness led to homelessness.
Another winner is Rebecca Sandefur, an associate professor of sociology and law in the University of Illinois. The Associated Press says her research actively supports new ways to involve poor communities in the U.S. justice system.
47-year-old Sandefur created the first national mapping of civil legal aid providers. It shows which states had the financial resources to provide such aid and which did not. She also found that the cost of legal services is only one of the things preventing poor people from getting lawyers. Among the others are fears about unfairness in the legal system. Sandefur noted that a lot of attention has been
paid to problems with the criminal justice system, but more attention must be paid to the civil side of the law, which also affects millions of people.
24. Why did Gupta win the award?
A. For his achievements in classical music.
B. For performing for large crowds.
C. For organizing a group playing for the homeless.
D For the friendship with Nathaniel Ayers.
25. What do we know about MacArthur Fellowship?
A. It is founded by the government.
B. It offers $625,000 to 25 winners in 2018.
C. It allows the winners to use the money freely.
D. It awards people who make great contributions to society.
26. What was the extraordinary thing that Sandefur did?
A. She offered legal aids to the poor freely.
B. She made the legal system fairer.
C. She paid more attention to the criminal justice system.
D. She made it easier to get legal help for the poor.
27. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Grants winners, inspiring the poor.
B. The city homeless, in need of help.
C. Vijay Gupta, an extraordinary violinist.
D. MacArthur Foundation, awarding exceptional work.
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. D 27. A
【解析】
本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获得者——古普塔和桑德弗尔分别通过音乐和法律来帮助穷人的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When he is not performing, he organizes concerts for homeless people.”及第二段中的“a founder and the artistic director of Street Symphony”可知，古普塔为无家可归的人组织音乐会，他是“街头交响乐”组织的创始人，由此可知，古普塔获奖的原
因是他成立了一个为无家可归者演奏交响乐的组织，故C项正确。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Each winner will receive $625,000 over five years to use as they wish.”可知，每位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获得者将在五年内获得62.5万美元，按照自己的意愿使用，由此可知，麦克阿瑟奖学金允许获得者自由地使用这笔钱，故C项正确。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Associated Press says her research actively supports new ways to involve poor communities in the U.S. justice system.”可知，美联社说，丽贝卡·桑德弗尔的研究积极支持让贫困社区参与美国司法系统的新方法，由此可知，桑德弗尔使穷人更容易获得法律帮助，故D项正确。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获得者——古普塔和桑德弗尔分别通过音乐和法律来帮助穷人的故事，所以短文的最佳标题为“奖励获奖者，激励穷人。”故A项正确。
C
Vancouver has had a crazy property (房地产) market since it hosted the winter Olympics in 2010. The downtown area is forested with new apartment blocks. Prices have risen by nearly 60% in the past three years. But until recently developers have largely avoided Chinatown. It is an underdeveloped area. Many Chinatown residents are old and poor.
Developers now have Chinatown in their sights. Two years ago one built a 17-storey apartment building on its edge. This alarmed many residents, who had formed a group to stop the high-rise advance, now called SaveChinatownYVR. Ms. Melody Ma is its leader. Recently it has been successful.
The main theatre of battle is a car park known as 105 Keefer, where Beedie Living plans to build a nine-storey brick-and-glass apartment block. The developer promises 111 luxury flats, with rooftop landscaping and shops below.
105 Keefer is in an area rich with cultural associations. Just to the south is a monument to Chinese-Canadian builders of the Canadian Pacific Railway and veterans of the Second Word War. Across the street is the Sun Yat-sen Classical Chinese Garden and the Chinese Cultural Centre Museum. “A lot of people were frightened” because of the building’s “closeness to sacred sites in the
heart of Chinatown,” says Ms. Ma. Some residents also fear that it will push up rents.
Conservationists hope that the parking lot is where they can stop development, which they say has spoilt the charm of other Vancouver neighborhoods such as Mount Pleasant. The dispute (分歧) is part o f a debate about the city’s identity, says Andy Yan, an urban planner. Vancouverites, he says, are asking themselves, “Who are we? And what are we building for?” The people who might want to buy the flats that do not yet exist are, of course, not being consulted.
28. What will Ms. Melody Ma agree?
A. To preserve Chinatown.
B. To rebuild Chinatown.
C. To build skyscrapers in Chinatown.
D. To promote the property market in Chinatown.
29. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?
A. To state some reasons.
B. To offer some advice.
C. To make some comparisons.
D. To introduce a new topic.
30 What is Vancouverites attitude towards the recent development in Chinatown?
A. Positive.
B. Doubtful.
C. Unfavorable.
D. Divided.
31. What is the text mainly about?
A. The alarmed citizens of Vancouver.
B. The cultural associations of 105 Keefer.
C. The property battle in Vancouver’s Chinatown.
D. The identity of Vancouver.
【答案】28. A 29. A 30. D 31. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了开发商在靠近温哥华中国城的中心圣地盖了一座17层的公寓楼，这引发了当地居民的担心与不满，他们成立了一个名为SaveChinatownYVR的组织来阻止开发商继续盖楼，希望保护中国城的老城区。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Two years ago one built a 17-storey apartment building on its edge. This alarmed many residents, who had formed a group to stop the high-rise advance, now called
SaveChinat ownYVR. Ms. Melody Ma is its leader.”可知，两年前，一个开发商在中国城的边缘建了一栋17层的公寓楼，这让许多居民感到震惊，他们成立了一个名为SaveChinatownYVR的组织来阻止开发商继续盖楼，马悦凌女士是该组织的领导人，由此推断出，马悦凌女士会同意保护中国城，故A项正确。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段内容，特别是根据““A lot of people were frightened” because of the building’s “closeness to sacred sites in the heart of Chinatown,” says Ms. Ma. Some residents also fear that it will push up rents.”可知，马女士说，很多人都很害怕，因为这座建筑靠近中国城的中心圣地，一些居民也担心这会推高房租，由此推断出，作者在本段是想阐述人们担心的原因，故A项正确。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容，特别是最后一段中的“The people who might want to buy the flats that do not yet exist are, of course, not being consulted.”可知，文章主要呈现的是不支持开发的人的意见，但想买公寓的人的意见没有被咨询，由此推断出，温哥华人对中国城的开发的态度是有分歧的，故D项正确。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段中的“Developers now have Chinatown in their sights.”及第三段中的“The main theatre of battle”可知，本文主要报道了开发商在靠近温哥华中国城的中心圣地盖了一座17层的公寓楼，这引发了当地居民的担心与不满，他们成立了一个名为SaveChinatownYVR的组织来阻止开发商继续盖楼，希望保护中国城的老城区，因此文章主要报道的是在温哥华中国城的地产之争，故C项正确。
【点睛】本篇第4题主旨大意题难度较大，文章没有明显的主题句，需要我们自己来概括，因此抓住能够反映出文章主题的关键词（句）尤为重要，通读全文，特别是根据第二段中的“Developers now have Chinatown in their sights.”及第三段中的“The main theatre of battle”可知，本文主要报道了开发商在靠近温哥华中国城的中心圣地盖了一座17层的公寓楼，这引发了当地居民的担心与不满，他们成立了一个名为SaveChinatownYVR的组织来阻止开发商继续盖楼，希望保护中国城的老城区，因此文章主要报道的是在温哥华中国城的地产之争。
D
For people, many other animals, family matters. Consider how many jobs go to relatives. Or how an ant will cruelly attack intruder (入侵的) ants but rescue injured, closely related nest-mates. There
are good evolutionary reasons to aid relatives, after all. Now, it seems, family feelings may stir in plants as well.
A Canadian biologist planted the seed of the idea more than a decade ago, but many plant biologists regarded it as heretical-plants lack the nervous systems that enable animals to recognize kin (家族), so how can they know their relatives? But with a series of recent findings, the belief that plants really do care for their most genetically close peers-in a quiet, planty way-is taking root. Some species control how far their roots spread, others change how many flowers they produce, and a few tilt (倾斜) or shift their leaves to minimize shading of neighboring plants, favoring related individuals.
“We need to recognize that plants not only sense whether it’s light or dark or if they’ve been touched, but also whom they are interacting with,” says Susan Dudley, a plant evolutionary ecologist, whose early plant kin recognition studies sparked the interest of many scientists.
Beyond broadening views of plant behavior, the new work may have a practical side. In September 2018, a team in China reported that rice planted with kin grows better, a finding that suggested family ties can be used to improve crop yields. “It seems anytime anyone looks for it, they find a kin effect,” says Andre Kessler, a chemical ecologist at Cornell University.
32. Why are ants mentioned in the first paragraph?
A. To show how cruel ants are to their enemies.
B. To lay foundation for the idea of plants’ family feelings.
C. To introduce the topic of how family matters to animals.
D. To explain why people usually give more jobs to their relatives.
33 Which of the following can b est replace the underlined word “heretical” in paragraph 2?
A. Indescribable.
B. Understandable.
C. Impossible.
D. Traditional.
34. What may be the plants’ way of expressing their care for relatives?
A. They stop producing flowers to avoid competition.
B. They spread their roots far so as to protect their peers.
C. They care for their injured peers by silently taking roots.
D. They move their leaves to share sunlight with their close peers.
35. What can be inferred from the text?
A. Different plants mustn’t be planted together.
B. Corn planted with corn can produce more than that with rice.
C. China has put the idea into wide practice and achieved great success.
D. The closer rice is planted with their relatives the more they will produce.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现植物中也存在家庭情感，这一发现可以用来提高农作物产量。
【32题详解】
推理判断题、根据第一段中的“There are good evolutionary reasons to aid relatives, after all. Now, it seems, family feelings may stir in plants as well.”可知，有很好的进化原因来帮助亲属，现在看来，家庭感情也可能在植物中产生影响，由此可知，第一段提到蚂蚁是为下文介绍的植物中也存在家庭情感做铺垫，故B项正确。
【33题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“lack the nervous systems that enable animals to recognize kin (家族), so how can they know their relatives?”可知，植物缺乏使动物识别亲缘关系的神经系统，它们怎么知道自己的亲戚呢？所以上文提到的许多植物生物学家认为的植物也有家庭情感的想法是不可能的，由此可知画线词词义为“不可能的”，故C项正确。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Some species control how far their roots spread, others change how many flowers they produce, and a few tilt (倾斜) or shift their leaves to minimize shading of neighboring plants, favoring related individuals.”可知，一些物种控制它们的根伸展的距离，另一些则改变它们开出的花的数量，还有一些倾斜或移动它们的叶子以尽量减少邻近植物的遮荫，从而有利于相关个体，由此可知，植物对亲属表现关心的方式是移动它们的叶子与它们亲密的同伴分享阳光，故D项正确。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“a team in China reported that rice planted with kin grows better, a finding that suggested family ties can be used to improve crop yields.”可知，中国的一个研究小组报告说，在亲缘关系下种植的水稻生长得更好，这一发现表明，亲缘关系可以用来提高作物产量，由此可知，和玉米一起种植的玉米比与水稻一起种植的玉米产量高，故B项正确。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Rising through stages to realize ourselves
Many modern people have the problem that they don’t know who they are and what their purpose is. ___36___. Once high school seniors graduate, they seem to lose their identity. They once studied hard. But after they stop working, they begin to lose their way.
In the theory of the Hierarchy of Needs (需求理论), Abraham Maslo, put forward a similar situation, which consists of the five levels of a person’s need. The fifth and final level is
self-realization, which is where our final achievement lies. ___37___.
I think self-realization has three major aspects. The first stage is acceptance, the second stage is discovery and the last stage is perseverance.
Acceptance is the first stage. We should be reminded that we are all born unique, so we all have our own strengths and weaknesses. Only when we understand these, can we pursue them or change them. ___38___.
Once we’ve accepted ourselves, we can discover what we are interested in and what we want to be. ___39___ but indeed we should live for ourselves. So before we start working towards a purpose, we should ask ourselves “Is this what we truly desire?” and “Is this going to change the situation we’re in?”
The last stage is perseverance. ___40___. Those who can self-realize are people who focus on the things they want to change.
Through the three stages, we could gain recognition of ourselves. And by this point, whatever our lives were like, we would be able to stand tall, confident of ourselves.
A. It’s nothing to a man of perseverance
B. Only by acceptance of the past can we change it
C. This is especially common among college students
D. Many people tend to go along with social expectations
E. Being objective and yet tolerant is the key to acceptance
F. It is the process of knowing ourselves and finding a purpose
G. Exploring our potential isn’t going to be done in a short time
【答案】36. C 37. F 38. E 39. D 40. G
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了实现自我的三个阶段。
【36题详解】
空前说许多现代人有一个问题，他们不知道自己是谁，不知道自己的目的是什么，空后又说
一旦高中毕业，他们似乎就失去了自己的身份，此处需要一个过渡句，把这种现象与大学生
联系起来，故C项（这在大学生中尤其普遍）符合语境。【37题详解】空前说第五个也是最后一个层次，是自我实现，这是我们最终的成就所在，此处总结上文，讲的是第五个层次是一个自我实现的过程，故F项（这是认识我们自己并找到目标的过程）
符合语境。
【38题详解】
空前说我们应该被提醒，我们都是独一无二的，所以我们都有自己的优点和缺点，只有当我
们理解了这些，我们才能追求它们或改变它们，这说明我们要客观并且宽容地看待自己的优
点和缺点，只有这样我们才能接受自己，故E项（客观和宽容是接受的关键）符合语境。
【39题详解】
空后说但我们确实应该为自己而活，转折连词but表明此处会提到与“为自己而活”相反的一
种做法，故D项（许多人倾向于顺应社会的期望）符合语境。
【40题详解】
空前说最后一个阶段是坚持，因此此处是说挖掘我们的潜力（实现自我）不是一朝一夕的事
情，故G项（挖掘我们的潜力不是短期内就能完成的）符合语境。
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5 分, 满分 30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空
白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I often thought carefully and seriously about what my mother had said. At thought of my past
conduct, a blush (脸红) of ___41___ rose to my cheeks, as many little acts of ___42___ and
unkindness came back to my memory. So I decided that for the future, both in great things and small, I
would ___43___ the Golden Rule.
It was not long after this that an ___44___ occurred of trying my principles. One Saturday
evening when I went to Farmer Thompson’s inn to ___45___ the charge of my mother’s washing for the boarders. He was obviously busy ___46___ with some horse dealers and hardly noticing me as I made my ___47___, except to swear at me, as usual, he ___48___ handed me a banknote.
Glad to ___49___ so easily, I hurried out of the gate，and then, pausing to pin the ___50___ in my folded scarf. I ___51___ that he had given me two bills instead of one and my first impulse was joy at the ___52___ prize. “It is mine, all mine,” I said to myself. At that moment I ___53___ what my mother told me: Don’t do what ___54___ wouldn’t like others to do on you. Turning round, I
___55___ along the ro ad with breathless speed until I found myself once more at Farmer Thompson’s gate.
“What do you ___56___ now?” asked the old fellow, as he saw me again.
“Sir, you paid me two bills, instead of one.” said I, ___57___ in every limb.
“Two bills? Did I? Let me see; well, so I did. Well, I am glad you are ___58___.”
I returned home with a ___59___ heart. I felt grateful that I practiced my life ___60___.
41. A. shame B. pleasure C. nervousness D. excitement
42. A. bravery B. pride C. selfishness D. carelessness
43. A. design B. follow C. change D. disobey
44. A. accident B. event C. opportunity D. example
45. A. take B. pay C. offer D. receive
46. A. playing B. bargaining C. cooking D. drawing
47. A. request B. answer C. order D. choice
48. A. sadly B. nervously C. impatiently D. quietly
49. A. escape B. finish C. settle D. reply
50. A. key B. sheet C. paper D. bill
51. A. knew B. thought C. wondered D. discovered
52. A. dangerous B. unexpected C. puzzling D. unsatisfactory
53. A. remembered B. heard C. repeated D. understood
54. A. she B. you C. I D. they
55. A. went B. walked C. ran D. wandered
56. A. do B. like C. have D. want
57. A. trembling B. keeping C. getting D. moving
58. A. careful B. brave C. honest D. friendly
59. A. beating B. broken C. warm D. lightened
60. A. lessons B. principles C. regulations D. moments 【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. B 55. C 56. D 57. A 58. C 59. D 60. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者通过把汤普森多给他的钱还了回去这件事实践了自己的人生原则——不要做你不想别人对你做的事。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一想到我过去的行为，我会羞愧得脸红，因为许多自私和不友善的小举动又回到了我的记忆中。A. shame羞愧；B. pleasure快乐；C. nervousness紧张；D. excitement兴奋。根据空前的“a blush”及空后解释的原因可知，我会羞愧得脸红，故A项正确。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bravery勇敢；B. pride骄傲；C. selfishness自私；D. carelessness 粗心。根据空后的“unkindness”可知此处指“自私和不友善”，故C项正确。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定今后，无论大事小事，我都要遵循黄金法则。A. design 设计；B. follow服从、遵循；C. change改变；D. disobey违反。根据空后的“the Golden Rule”可知，我决定遵循黄金法则，故B项正确。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久以后，我有了一个机会来实践我的原则。A. accident事故；B. event事件；C. opportunity机会；D. example例子。根据空后的“occurred of trying my principles”可知，我有了一个机会来实践我的原则，故C项正确。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个星期六的晚上，我到农夫汤普森的旅馆去收我母亲给寄宿者
洗衣服的费用。A. take带走；B. pay支付；C. offer提供；D. receive收到。根据空后的“the charge of my mother’s washing for the boarders.”可知，我到旅馆去收我母亲给寄宿者洗衣服的费用，故D 项正确。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他显然正忙着和一些马贩子讨价还价，当我提出请求时，他几乎没注意到我，只是像往常一样对我骂骂咧咧。A. playing玩耍；B. bargaining讨价还价；C. cooking 烹饪；D. drawing画。根据上文中的“Farmer Thompson’s inn”及空后的“with some horse dealers”可知，这家旅馆是汤普森开的，因此他在与要住店的马贩子讨价还价，故B项正确。【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. request请求；B. answer回答；C. order命令；D. choice选择。根据上文中的“I went to Farmer Thompson’s inn to ___5___ the charge of my mother’s washing for the boarders.”可知，我去汤普森的旅馆是去收钱的，因此此处指的是“我提出收钱的请求”，故A项正确。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他不耐烦地递给我一张钞票。A. sadly伤心地；B. nervously紧张地；
C. impatiently不耐烦地；
D. quietly安静地。根据空前的“swear at me”可知，当我提出收钱时，汤普森像往常一样对我骂骂咧咧，这说明他极为不耐烦，故C项正确。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴能这么容易地走掉了，便匆匆走出大门，然后，停下来把钞票别在我叠好的围巾里。A. escape逃脱、溜走；B. finish完成；C. settle定居；D. reply回复。根据上文中的“except to swear at me, as usual,”可知，每次我去收钱时，汤普森的态度都极为恶劣，我肯定是有些怕他，因此我非常高兴自己能够成功地从他手里拿到钱走掉，用escape 一次最能体现出当我从态度极为恶劣的汤普森手里拿到钱时那种高兴的心情，故A项正确。【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. key钥匙；B. sheet薄片；C. paper纸； D. bill账单、钞票。根据上文中的“a banknote”可知，汤普森给了我一张钞票，此处指的就是那张钞票，空后的“bills”也是提示，故D项正确。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我发现他给了我两张钞票而不是一张时，我的第一反应是为这意外的收获而感到高兴。A. knew了解； B. thought认为；C. wondered想知道；D. discovered