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世纪商务英语unit 7

世纪商务英语unit 7
世纪商务英语unit 7

Unit 7 银行与信贷

Background knowledge

Online banking

Online banking (or Internet banking) is a term used for performing transactions, payments, etc. over the Internet through a bank, credit union or building society’s secure website. This allows customers to do their banking outside of bank hours and from anywhere where Internet access is available. In most cases a web browser is utilized and any normal internet connection is suitable. No special software or hardware is usually needed.

网络银行

网络银行就是将信息技术、互联网与传统银行等三要素融为一体,为客户提供综合、统一、安全、实时金融服务的银行形态。用户只要能上网,就不受地理、时空的限制来管理自己的资产,充分享受银行的各种服务。网络银行发展之所以能够如此迅速,其原因在于:

一、是网络银行可以极大地降低经营服务成本,创造巨大的利润空间。

二、是网络银行业务开展不受时空地域限制,可最大限度地扩大业务规模。

三、是由于网络银行业务运作只需上网“点击”,资金流随物流的速度显著加快,在节省银行和客户的人力资源,减少在途资金损失同时,也对在海外没有分行网络的银行扩展海外业务非常实效,容易取得突破性的发展。

因此,网络银行的出现,必将极大地削弱传统银行拥有众多分支机构和优秀人才的优势,大大地改变传统银行的营销方式、经营理念和经营战略,是未来银行的发展趋势。但网络银行交易虚拟化、服务个性化、经营混业化、监管国际化的特点决定了网络银行引发风险的因素以及这些风险的影响与传统银行相当不同。除了传统银行经营过程中存在的信用风险、流动性风险、市场风险和利率风险外,还由于其特殊性而存在着基于信息技术投资导致的系统风险和基于虚拟金融服务品种形成的业务风险。比如通过计算机网络,巨额资金便可以在瞬间将从一方传到另一方,从一国传到另一国,大量资金突发性转移不仅增大银行业务的不稳定性,增加银行的流动性风险;还可能使风险迅速蔓延和扩大,导致一国乃至全球金融市场发生急剧波动。因此由于网络银行的整个交易过程的虚拟化使管理安全性成为最为敏感的问题,对网络银行的监管也面临比传统银行更为严峻的挑战。

Credit

Credit is lender’s agreement to advance funds, based on an estimation that the debt will eventually be repaid, or to refrain from collecting a previously existing debt, as in a refinancing.

Bank credit is classified by: type of borrower, for example, loans to consumers (mortgages, auto loans, credit cards) as opposed to loans to businesses (commercial lines of credit, working capital loans); type of collateral pledged, if any; and terms of repayment. Some bank loans are repaid according to a fixed schedule, for example, a 30-year mortgage; others such as a Demand Loan to a business that may be called at any time by the lender.

The word Credit is used by bank credit analysts and lenders instead of Borrower or Loan.

A lender might say, “I'll approve the credit if it’s a four-year loan,” or “I think the credit is good.”

Reading Skill Focus

Practice 1

One reason that the average American will not buy gold is that gold is extremely expensive. The average American just has too many necessary and worthwhile expenditures to spend money on something as expensive and as useless as gold.

Practice 2 C

Practice 3 B

Comprehensive Reading

明日银行

1 像多数人一样,你或许已经听说过很多关于网上银行的介绍,但可能还没亲自尝试过。你仍然像你的父母一样,通过邮寄支付账单和你所开户的储蓄所存款。实际上,网上银行并非要改变你的资金使用习惯。而是利用当今的计算机技术,为你提供一种方式,绕过耗时的,纸介的传统银行服务,从而更快捷、有效地管理你的财务。

2 互联网的出现以及个人电脑的普及对银行业来说既是一个机遇,也是一次挑战。多年来,金融机构一直使用强大的计算机网络来自动完成数百万的交易。各银行开始设想将那些相同的内部电子处理过程应用于家庭,以发挥类似的经济优势。

3 银行将网上银行业务视为一种强大的“增值”工具,它能吸引并留住新客户,同时在银行业竞争日益激烈的环境中,能帮助省去费用高昂的纸介操作和出纳员交易。

4 现在,多数大型国家银行,许多地方银行,甚至小银行以及信用合作社都提供个人电脑银行、家庭银行、电子银行、互联网银行等。网上银行有时被称作“从红砖到网络”银行。以区别于那些尚未提供网上银行业务的“砖头与灰浆”银行以及那些连储蓄所或出纳员都没有的“虚拟”银行。

5 银行业面临的挑战在于如何使客户乐意学习使用并信任这种新型的服务渠道。毕竟,银行经历了多少代的经营才赢得了我们的信任;他们不会在一个令人困扰迷惑又不安全的网站上冒风险。

6 多数大银行现在已经能够提供完全可靠的、功能齐全的网上银行业务,不收取或只收取少许费用。随着越来越多的银行网上业务的成功,以及越来越多的客户登陆它们的网站,功能齐全的网上银行业务很可能变得像自动柜员机一样普及。

7 网上银行拥有许多优势。与街头银行不同的是,网上银行从不关门。它们每天24小时,每周7天全天候营业,而且只需要轻击鼠标即可完成交易。当你的财务发生问题时,而如果你正好不在州内,甚至不在国内,你可以马上登陆到网上银行来处理你的财务。网上银行网站处理并确认交易的速度通常达到或者超过了自动柜员机的运行速度。许多网上银行网站现在还提供先进的工具,以帮助你更有效地理财。这些优势,即方便和高效,一定会吸引更多的网上银行用户。

Notes:

1. (Para.1) You still pay your bills by mail and deposit checks at your bank branch, much the way your parents did.

此处deposit为动词,是“储蓄”的意思。much the way意思是“同……很相似”,“差不多”。your parents did是个从句,省略了连词that

2 (Para.4) Online banks are sometimes referred to as “brick-to-click” banks, both to distinguish them from “brick-and-mortar” banks that haven’t yet offer online banking, as

well as from “virtual” bank that have no physical branches or tellers.

Both和as well as搭配连接from引导的另外两种银行,而且,每个银行都有that引导的定语从句修饰。

Comprehension Check

Part 1

1. C

2. A

3. C

4. D

Part 2

1. today’s computer technology

2. brick-and-mortar

3. no physical branches

4. use and trust

5. Fully functional online

6. make and confirm Vocabulary Check

Part 1

1.E

2.H

3.A

4.F

5.B

6.C

7.I

8.G

9.J 10.D

Part 2

1. Consumer

2. transform

3. oceangoing

4. Value

5. pilot

6. breaking

7. motive

8. national

Practical Reading

1. The mtvUTM Platinum Select Visa Card.

2. The Driver’s Edge Card.

3. The Dividend Platinum Select Card gives the user 2% cash back on all supermarket, drugstore and gas station purchases.

4. The Get Details button.

Fast Reading

自动取款机使用费

1 很多银行和银行间网络向他们的自动取款机用户收取费用。有的只向跨行用户收取费用;有的向所有用户都收取费用。很多人反对收取这些费用,因为使用自动取款机的成本实际上比人工操作取款要低。

2 消费者收费分为两种:附加费和跨行费。附加费由自动取款机的所属行向该取款机的使用者收取。跨行费或交易费由发卡行(金融机构、储值卡提供者)在用户在该金融机构的自动取款机网络之外的机器上办理交易时向用户收取。

3 在英国,1999年,英国国家建筑协会和英国报社联合发起的运动使公众对提高费用的计划反映强烈,结果导致在银行里使用自动取款机的费用全部取消,不论是否是该行客户。但是,每次某银行的客户使用了他行的自动取款机时,该客户的所属行就要向取款机所属行缴纳一定费用,而这笔费用由该客户的所属行承担。

4 在诸如加油站、夜总会、以及其他收取交易费的地点,自动取款机的数量一直在增加。2005年的费用通常在1到1.5英镑之间,但有时候也高达5至10英镑。最近几年出现一些有关在贫困地区的收费取款机设置地点的争论,在这些地方本应提供免费自动取款机的大银行关闭了他们的分行。2005年出台的细则对有关自动取款机应显示消费者花费的要求进行了规定。

5 在美国,根据美国国家公共利益研究组2001年的报告,在1996年允许收取附加费之前,自动取款机费用在全国范围内平均为1.01美元。

6 当银行和第三方机构意识到这一利润大有潜力,他们就提高了这一费用。目前自动取款机收费为2美元(2003年),有时候可高达6美元,在现金密集地点例如酒吧和赌场甚至更高。在既需要向银行(因为跨行使用提款机)又需要向自动取款机所属行(所谓的附加费)付使用费的情况下,取款总费用可高达11美元。

Comprehension Check

1. D

2. C

3. B

4. A

5. C

6. A

7. B

Supplementary Reading

信贷

1 信贷是以将来付款的保证来换取现在就可获得的现金、商品、或服务的协议。当你信贷购物时,你就是在推迟为购买的物品付款。

2 现在许多人在购物时都采取信贷的方式。作为购物付款的方式,信贷在很大程度上替代了现金。信贷几乎被用于所有场合。在将来你可能会以信贷购物的方式来购买CD,在饭店买单,或取得贷款。

3 公司企业经常选择信贷方式的目的与消费者是相同的。他们也许需要贷款来购买货物或支付工资。制造商贷款来购买原材料、新设备,厂房,或卡车。

4 联邦政府也要贷款来支付它给公民提供的许多服务和项目。例如,在第二次世界大战中,联邦政府曾贷款供给军费开支。州政府和地方政府也贷款来建设高速公路,公共住房,体育场和排水系统等。

5 信贷的主要优点是它很方便。你购物或旅行时不必携带大量现金。你不用担心在去商店前要取钱,也不必担心钱会弄丢或被偷。你不用攒钱来购买一件很贵的东西,比如汽车或电脑,相反,你可以马上购买并使用。在紧急情况下,信贷尤其有用。如果你失业了,你可以使用信用卡购买食物和交房租。如果你的车坏了却没带修车的钱,你就可以用信用卡支付。某些商品是没有信用卡就无法购买的。要想通过电话或在网上订购机票,你就需要一张信用卡。

6 信用卡还能帮助你记录你的消费情况。当你用信用卡购物的时候,这次消费就会记录在你的信用卡上,这样就保存了你的的消费记录。

7 最后,信贷对我们的经济增长做出了巨大贡献。如果你使用信用卡,你就能购买更多商品和服务。因为很多消费者都使用信用卡购物,公司企业就必须雇佣更多的工人生产更多的产品来满足需求。

8 因为信用卡使用很方便,它也很容易被误用。因为可以透支,你就有可能抵制不了诱惑而购买你买不起的东西,买太多的东西,或买那些你不需要的东西。广告和销售员总是劝说你购买更多的东西。你可能会发现你很难抵御服装特卖或花大价钱购买新款DVD机的诱惑。

9 因为透支要付利息,所以用信用卡购买的商品要比用现金购买花的钱多。你买的东西越多,信用卡还款时间越长,你付的利息就越多。

10 当你的信用卡账单越积越多,你还款可能就会有困难。再过一段时间,你就会达到你的信用额度,也就是你不能再透支的极限。推迟或不偿还贷款就会降低你的信用等级,这会使你将来很难再贷款。根据最近一份报告,半数出现信贷问题的人年龄都是在18岁到32岁之间。你需要时常记得,当你使用信用卡的时候,那些钱不是你拥有的,而是你欠的。

Notes:

1. (Para. 10) After a while, you may reach your credit limit, the point where you can’t charge any more.

the point where you can’t charge any more 是credit limit的同位语。

2. (Para. 10) Late or missed payment lowers your credit rating, which will make it difficult for you to get credit in the future.

which 引导的非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句。

Language points

1. credit: an arrangement with a shop, bank, etc that makes it possible for you to buy something and pay for it later 赊购

on credit: 赊购,记账

E.g. The store sells goods on credit. 这家商店可以记账售货。

interest-free credit: credit with no additional charge 无息赊购

2. credit limit: The amount of credit a financial institution extends to a client. Credit limit also refers to the maximum amount a credit card company will allow someone to borrow on a single card. 信用限度

E.g. What’s the credit limit on your Visa card? 你的Visa卡的信用限度是多少?

3. credit rating: An assessment of the credit worthiness of individuals and corporations. It is based upon the history of borrowing and repayment, as well as the availability of assets and extent of liabilities. 信用等级

Comprehension Check

1. kept track of

2. on credit

3. piled up

4. tempting

5. splurged…on

6. interest

7. contributes to

8. in exchange for

新世纪商务英语综合教程第二册课文译文

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商务英语翻译汇总

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The road to Hell is paved with good intention好心办坏事 The spirit is willing, but the fresh is weak. 心有余而力不足 A young idler, an old beggar. 少壮不努力老大徒伤悲. 爱莫能助be disobliging 活该to have it/that coming to sb. 遇到克星meet one’s waster Cats hide their claws. 知人而不知心 Grasp all. Lose all. 贪多必失 Two’s company,but three’s a crowed. 两人成伴,三人不欢背黑锅The whipping boy./ to carry the can 逼得走投无路to bring/ drive sb. to bay. 进退维谷to be caught between the Devil and deep blue sea. 出格step out of line No way is impossible to courage. 勇者无惧 The more wit, the less courage. 初生牛犊不怕虎 Nothing ventured nothing gained. 不入虎穴焉得虎子 认为…不在话下think nothing of doing sth. 采取主动take the initiative in doing sth. 激流勇进advance through the rapids.

Don’t hate the hand that fee ds you. 不要忘恩负义 Better be envied than pitied. 宁被人妒,不被人怜 To turn over a new leaf. 改过自新 吃不着葡萄说葡萄酸sour grapes 恨铁不成钢regret that one’s offspring does not live up to one’s expectations wish iron could turn into steel at once. 红颜易逝beauty fades likes a flower Care killed the cat. 忧愁伤身 To leave(sb) for behind/ in the dust 望尘莫及 Feast or famine 大起大落 To scratch one’s head/ rack one’s brain 冥思苦想 The fool wonders, the wise man asks. 愚人困惑,智者勤问 The squeaking wheel gets the oil. 无声无息,亦无所得 He who hesitates is lost. 犹豫不决错失良机 一头雾水To be in a complete fog/ to be puzzled and confused. 仁者见仁,智者见智To be all things to all men/people. 茅塞顿开click(to suddenly became clear or understand) Faith moves mountain. 精诚所至,金石为开 A friend is best found in adversity. 患难见真情

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