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中考语文复习专题(温州文化习俗)

中考语文复习专题(温州文化习俗)
中考语文复习专题(温州文化习俗)

中考语文复习专题(温州文化习俗)

1、①被称为中国“山水诗鼻祖”的是___(朝代)诗人,世称“”。

②温州百姓本着对生活的热爱,逢年过节都有要制作当令的小吃来供神祭祖、招待客人、犒劳一家老少。元宵节炒槐豆,端午节___,中秋节__,__吃汤圆,过年时更要捣年糕、__、炒炒米,日子过得滋润红火。

③温州传统宴席上要上什么菜肴以及上菜的顺序,也有一定的讲究。一般要有八个盘头或十个盘头;分岁酒必须要有年糕,取其“__”之意;生日宴、寿宴一定要有长面,俗名“__”;宴席的最后一道大菜一定要是整条鱼,寓意“__”、“___”

2、在徜徉书本、汲取知识的同时,让我们把目光投向自然、投向社会、投向历史。根据要求,回答下列问题。(6分)

(1)温州山清水秀,景观多姿,名山秀水遍布全境。请仿照示例,介绍一处家乡景观的特点。

示例:洞头岛美,美在滩佳,美在壁峭,美在鱼儿丰。

仿句:

(2)总有一些习俗,勾起我们美好的记忆。瓯绣,是温州的传统工艺,早在唐宋时期,温州民间就有“十一十二娘梳头,十二十三娘教绣”的风俗。你从诗句

..中.读出了什么信息?(2分)

(3)民俗温州中谈到,每逢四季八节,温州的岁时风俗丰富多彩。像正月初一凌晨,家家户户第一件事情是争先恐后放“开门炮”。有人认为这种习俗不好,你的看法呢?请说说理由。(2分)

3、根据规划设计,温州新火车站的广场上将立一个名人塑像。为了更好地塑造温州城市形象,推动“文化大市”的建设,提高温州的知名度,根据有关专家的建议,拟以以下四个历史文化名人为塑像候选人物。你认为这四个候选人物中哪个最恰当?请从中选择一个,并简要说明理由。

候选人物:(按历史年代先后排列)谢灵运叶适刘基孙诒让你的选择是:

你的理由是:

4、温州乃人文荟萃之地,人物俊雅,文章风流,素为海内瞩目。凭借丰厚的文化积淀,温州人民正致力于将温州打造成一个文化大市。现在请你协助制作一份宣传“文化温州”的小册子,相信你一定能够出色地完成以下任务。(8分)(1)点击文化名人:一方水土养一方人,温州山水成就历代名人,温州也因历代名人而名扬天下。请从下列备选的温州文化名人中选择一位,介绍他(她)所取得的成就,可以从文学地位、代表作(或代表诗句)、影响及其与温州的关联点等角度来介绍。(40字左右)

备选温州文化名人:陶弘景、沈括、王十朋、徐照、徐玑、翁卷、赵师秀、徐霞客、朱自清、琦君

示例:谢灵运,东晋诗人,中国山水诗派的开创者,被称为“山水诗鼻祖”。代表诗篇有《登池上楼》、《登江中孤屿》等,其山水诗为历代诗人赞美、仿效。(2分)

(2)探访名胜古迹:对联是名胜古迹的一道亮丽风景。下面这副温州池上楼的对联,令旅客叹为观止。请你为旅客品析其妙处。(3分)

池塘生春草,园柳变鸣禽。

(3)采撷民俗民风:温州民间习俗古朴,正如一首歌里唱的:

温州是个好地方,四季八节有名堂。

拜年送礼纸蓬包,拦街福斗台眼看花爻。

清明踏青塌饼儿,重五龙船斗南塘。

七月七喜鹊咄巧食,中秋赏月走麻行。

登高做节恁闹热,你讲看爽看不爽。

上面歌词介绍了温州的民俗,你记忆中印象最深的是哪种,请运用一定的修辞手法描述你家乡过节(上面的一种)的一幅画面。(3分)

5、走近温州文化。(7分)

(1)温州秀丽的山川,深厚的文化曾吸引了历代名人深情眷恋和倾情歌咏。徐霞客三游,. 二赏梅雨潭,陶弘景钟情楠溪江,因为他们温州带上了浓厚的人文色彩,令人神往。(2分)

(2)温州城内每年农历二月初一从康乐坊开始,至三月十五日五马街止,主要街道依次举行祈福活动,称“拦街福”,为地方性传统节日。拦街祈福,表达了人民的良好愿望。(2分)(3)温州民间十分重视居住的环境,对房屋的选址非常讲究。房屋要背山面水朝阳,顺山势,背风向,靠水源,避灾祸等。有人认为这是一种迷信的做法,有人认为这有一定的生活依据。请你谈谈对温州人选房要旨的认识。

(3分)

6、温州乃人文荟萃之地,人物俊雅、文章风流,素为海内瞩目。凭借丰厚的文化积淀,我市人民正致力于将温州市打造成文化大市。现在请你协助制作一份宣传“文化温州”的小册子,相信你一定能够出色地完成以下任务(7分)[点击文化名人]温州秀丽的山川、深厚的文化吸引了古往今来的文人骚客。从谢灵运到朱自清,众多文人墨客在温州大地上留下了深情的足迹和瑰丽的诗文。请阅读关于谢灵运的资料,仿照示例,完成以下对联。(2分) 谢灵运(385-433),东晋诗人。谢灵运世袭康乐公,世称“谢康乐”。永

初三年(422年),他被贬为永嘉太守,在任一年,游遍永嘉各地,先后创作了《登江中孤屿》《登池上楼》《北亭与吏民别》等著名诗篇。

仕途坎坷的诗人久病初愈,初登池上楼,看到潋滟的池水边已吐出了嫩绿的青草,花园中的柳林间,春鸟乱飞,鸣声上下。“池塘生春草,园柳变鸣禽”两句诗写出了作者卧病之后登楼临窗突然感受到的一种春色满园的喜悦,原先那种忧伤郁闷至此似乎一扫而光。

示例:朱自清观赏梅雨潭抒写醉人绿意

仿句:谢灵运登临池上楼感受满园春色

[探访名胜古迹]有游客在游览名胜古迹的过程中抄下了两副对联,却忘了是从哪处抄来的,请你帮他从他所走过的墨池坊、浩然楼、池上楼、江心寺、澄鲜阁、等五处景点中回忆起来。(2分)

①众山遥相对,孤屿共题诗。抄自浩然楼

②云日相辉映,空水共澄鲜。抄自澄鲜阁

(3)池塘生春草,园柳变鸣禽。抄自池上楼

7、语文综合性学习(7分)

戏剧是中华民族文化的一个重要组成部分,为历代人民群众所喜闻乐见。每逢红白喜事或重要节日,温州人们往往喜欢摆舞台请戏班演戏。让我们走近戏剧,看一看家乡“演戏”的习俗吧!

①写出一种温州地方戏的剧种名称:。(2分)

②春节到来,温州人们用贴对联、挂灯笼、舞龙灯、闹元宵等活动欢度春节,但也有许多乡村兴“演戏”活动。你认为人们“演戏”的目的是为了: (2分)

③目前教育部要求“戏剧进课堂”,让中小学生都来学唱戏、写剧本、演戏剧,你对此持何态度?说说理由。(3分)

8、温州地区过年习俗:

迎新春:掸新、办年货(晒腊肉、捣糖糕、炊松糕)、备新衣、开门炮,这些民俗都表达了温州人“丰衣足食”的愿望和对美好生活的追求。

过新春:拜年、吃年糕、也有吃汤圆,还有摆“新年酒”。有的地方过年也有吃粽子,据说,吃粽子有两种含义(一是寓怀念祖宗,二是功名得中。)

9、温州,是南戏故乡,是一座具有丰富的历史文化遗存和多彩的文化传统、名人辈出、文脉悠长的城市,是全国首批14个沿海开放城市之一,先后被评为“全国文明城市”和“全国最具活力城市”。假如你是一位业余导游,现在把温州推荐给来自五湖四海的游客朋友,相信你一定会做得非常出色。

(1)在欢迎仪式上,请你致一段简洁得体的欢迎辞。

(2)仿照示例,把你最喜欢的名胜古迹介绍给游客。要求既能概括其主要特点,还要有相关的名人介绍。

示例:雁荡山,被誉为“海上名山,寰中绝胜”,以奇峰怪石飞瀑而闻名。宋著

名文学家沈括,清代著名散文家袁枚等到此一游,并专门写过文章盛赞雁荡的奇秀。

(备选:孤屿江心、永嘉楠溪江、文成百丈祭、仙岩、墨池、池上楼等)

(3)游客要返程的那天,请你向他们推荐一种温州的特产,并说明推荐的理由。(备选:瓯柑、瓯塑、瓯绣、李大同双炊糕、矮人松糕、县前汤圆、苍南鱼饼、茶山杨梅、泰顺高山云雾茶、永嘉麦饼等等)

10、温州山水秀丽,素有“东瓯山水甲江南”之美誉。请任选温州一处风景名胜,对出下联。

备选:雁荡山楠溪江洞头乌岩岭仙岩茶山----

上联:游西湖品龙井美不胜收

下联:

答案:登雁荡赏美景流连忘返;逛洞头吃海鲜心花怒放;爬茶山尝杨梅心旷神怡11、认真阅读以下题目,用你的语文学识来看故乡,道故乡。

(走近家乡人)

(1)温州,这个生于斯长于斯的故乡啊,一直以来,人才辈出,请你写出一位祖籍是温州的名人并用一句话介绍他的踪迹。

示例:名人孙诒让

一句话介绍清代语言学家,第一个破译甲骨文的学者。

名人一句话介绍:

(2)佳佳同学参加了学校组织的“温州山水之旅”,在江心屿的诗歌长廊中看到了一幅画,画上有四个古人,旁边标着名字,分别是徐照、徐玑、翁卷、赵师秀。这幅画的上端有四个篆书,佳佳只认出了第二个是“嘉”字和最后一个字是“灵”,其他两个不认识,但知道那四个字应该是画的题目。请你告诉他这四个字是:

答案:永嘉四灵

(走近家乡事)

(3)温州传统宴席,有一定的讲究。如:分岁酒必须有年糕,取其“年年高”

之意;宴席的最后一道大菜一定是整条的鱼,寓意“年年有余”。请分析运用了什么方法?表达了什么?

答案

1. ①东晋谢灵运谢康乐

. ②包粽子做月饼冬至炊松糕

③年年高长寿面“_年年有余_”、“_有头有尾__”

2.(1)雁荡山美,美在洞悠,美在峰奇,美在溪水秀。

(2)温州妇女从小就学瓯绣这门手艺。(或:温州民间重视瓯绣这种传统手艺,代代相传。)

(3)很可惜,这些民俗包含着浓农的人情味道,有一定的文化和道德内涵,要尽力保存。或这很正常,随着时代的发展,一些旧的东西肯定会被淘汰,也会产生许多新的风尚。(正反面,言之有理即可)3.谢灵运因为他在永嘉任职期间所进行的文学创作,对我们瓯越文学产生了无人可比的影响。他的诗篇

使永嘉成为中国山水诗的发祥地,让温州名扬天下。

4、(1) (2分) 例:①陶弘景,南朝齐、梁间文学家、道教思想家、医学家。好读书,喜道术。其写永嘉

山水的骈文《答谢中书书》传世。②朱自清,原名自毕,字佩弦,中国现代散文家、诗人。主要作品有诗歌散文集《踪迹》、《背影》等,其中的《绿》是游览了仙岩的梅雨潭而写成的。③赵师秀,“永嘉四灵”之一,其代表名句是:黄梅时节家家雨,青草池塘处处蛙。(内容须与文化成就有关。可以选择题干提供的角度,也可以自选角度,写出一个角度即可)

(2)(3分) 示例:(a)作者准确抓住了初春时节景物变化,不但注意到了树木花草的变化,连冬去春来树梢鸣鸟的悄然变化也捕捉到了。这两句诗写出了作者卧病之后登楼临窗突然感受到的一种春色满园的喜悦,原先那种忧伤郁闷至此似乎一扫而光。

(b)还有一说是:“池塘生春草,园柳变鸣禽”其实是“池塘春草生,园柳鸣禽变”的倒装句,通过描写池塘里的春草又生了,在园里的柳树上唱歌的鸟儿又换了新的一批,来表述时间的流逝,也暗喻着诗人年华老去,在造化的力量前显得何其的无奈。(3)(3分)略

5.(1)(2分)雁荡山;朱自清

(2)(2分)表达了人民希望国泰民安,风调雨顺的良好愿望、希望国泰民安,风调雨顺

(3)(3分)不是迷信,因为习俗这体现了我们的祖先在长期的生活中认识到了人与自然和谐相处的重要性。(若说是迷信,言之有理也可)

6. 谢灵运登临池上楼感受满园春色浩然楼澄鲜阁池上楼

7. ①瓯剧(或南戏或越剧等)。(2分)

“演戏”是为了:敬神、祈福、迎春、娱乐等(写对一种即可)(2分)

③开放性题,支持或反对都可,只要言之有理即可。(3分)(要点:1,我

支持教育部职业做,因为这样做是继承中华民族的优秀传统文化遗产——拯救戏剧文化的好措施;2,我反对教育部这样做,因为学生课业负担已经不轻,继承和发扬戏剧需要专业人才来做。)

8.掸新、办年货(晒腊肉、捣糖糕、炊松糕)、备新衣、开门炮,

“丰衣足食”的愿望和对美好生活的追求。

拜年、吃年糕吃汤圆新年酒一是寓怀念祖宗,二是功名得中。

9. 略

10. 登雁荡赏美景流连忘返;逛洞头吃海鲜心花怒放;爬茶山尝杨梅心旷神怡

11. (1)略(2)永嘉四灵(3)谐音,表达了对美好生活的向往

最新中考英语模拟试卷带答案

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