专题十七 语法填空
一、记叙文
高考精萃
Passage 1
(2014·辽宁卷)
Jonny：Hey! I'm just practicing Tai Chi(太极). Would you like to join me?
Peter：I know nothing about it. Is it difficult?
Jonny：It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this.
Peter：OK. Don't laugh __1__ me. I may look funny.
Jonny：Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and __2__ (soft). Try
to keep your body straight. Move slowly, then be sure to keep your balance and don't let your body shake.
Peter：I cannot control my body well. My legs become __3__ (pain)．
Jonny：Keep __4__ (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your
leg and let __5__ stay in the air for seconds.
Peter：I feel my legs shaking. I cannot do this any longer.
Jonny：Be patient! Tai Chi __6__ (call) “shadow boxing” in English. It asks you to act like water: to be
flexible as well __7__ strong. In real competition, a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and
uses this energy to fight back. The __8__ (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls
you!
Peter：Unbelievable! Oh... __9__ you don't mind, I'll stop and take a deep __10__.
答案与解析
本文是两人关于太极拳的对话。约翰尼在教彼得一些简单动作并向他介绍一些相关知识。
1．at 句意：不要嘲笑我，我看起来很可笑。laugh at 意为“嘲笑”。
2．softly 句意：膝盖微弯，自然地，缓缓伸出手臂，像树枝一样。所填词与naturally 是并列关系，共同修饰动词短语reach out，故填softly。
3．painful 句意：我的腿痛。become 在此是系动词，后面应填形容词。故填painful。
4．holding 句意：保持姿势一会儿。keep doing... 意为“继续做某事”。故填holding。
5．it 代指前面的your leg, 故填it。
6．is called 句意：太极在英语中被称作shadow boxing。Tai Chi 与call 之间为动宾关系，要用被动语态。又因说话者在介绍一般事实，要用一般现在时。故填is called。
7．as 句意：它使你的行动像水一样既灵活又有力。as well as 为固定短语，意为“既„„又„„”。故填as。
8．harder 句意：你越用车去打他，你越容易被打。The more..., the more... 为固定句式，意为“越„„，越„„。”故填harder。
9．if 句意：如果你不介意的话，你就停下来深吸一口气。本句为条件状语从句，故填if。 10．breath 句意同上。take a deep breath 为固定短语，意为“深吸一口气”，故填breath。
Passage 2
(2014·广东卷)
Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before
said __1__ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day
came, we were ready.
After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months __2__ (early), but
the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We __3__(tell)that our rooms hadn't been reserved for
that week, __4__ for the week after. I didn't understand __5__ this would happen and my credit card had already
been charged __6__ the reservation. What's worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering
what to do, the manager came out. She was __7__(surprise)helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a
spare VIP room on __8__ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren't charged extra.
The next day, my brother and I went to the beach __9__ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a
little __10__(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.
答案与解析
本文讲述了“我”和弟弟去迈阿密旅游所遇到的意外和惊喜。
1．it 句意：曾经去过那里的一些朋友说那里是一个非常棒的度假胜地。设空处指代上文提到的Miami，故填it。
2．earlier 句意：我们提前六个月就预订好了，但是前台工作人员告诉我们出了点差错。本句出现了过去完成时，可以断定此处指六个月之前就预订好了宾馆。earlier 意为“提早的”，在此修饰six months。
3．were told 句意：我们被告知我们的房间不是为了那个星期订的，而是为后一个星期订的。主语we和动词tell 之间为被动关系，且文章主要时态是过去时，故填were told。
4．but 本题考查but 的用法。句意见上题解析。not...but... 为固定短语，意为“不是„„而是„„”。故填but。
5．why 句意：我不明白为什么会发生这样的事情，而且我的信用卡也早已因预订扣了款。根据语义可知填why。
6．for 句意见上题解析。charge sb./sth. for sth. 为固定短语，意为“因„„而向某人/物收取费用”。故填for。
7．surprisingly 句意：她出人意料地给我们提供了(热情)的帮助。修饰形容词应用副词形式，故填surprisingly。
8．the 句意：经理向我们道歉并把一间备用的顶楼的VIP房间给了我们。top 具有序数词的语义特点，序数词前要加定冠词the。故填the。
9．where 句意：第二天，我和弟弟去了海边，在那里看人们打排球。先行词是地点名词beach，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。
10．sunburnt/sunburned 句意：虽然有点被太阳灼伤，但是那一天我们过得是如此的惬意，根本不在乎这一点小事。动词用于get 之后常用过去分词形式，表被动。故填sunburnt。 Passage 3
(2014·课标全国卷Ⅰ)
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?
In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It __1__
(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it __2__ (actual)caught fire and
burned. Now, years later, this river is one of __3__ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
But the river wasn't changed in a few days __4__ even a few months. It took years of work __5__ (reduce )
the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is
__6__ (clean) than ever.
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit __7__ is driving your family crazy.
Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an
impossible situation，don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
While there are __8__ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the __9__ (change) are
gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be __10__ (patience)．
答案与解析
本文是一篇议论文。当人们面对看似难以改变的现状的时候该如何应对？凯霍加河的污染处理给了我们很好的答案：要努力且有耐心。
1．was 句意：把这条河清理干净是难以想象的。根据语境可知，此处应为过去时，主语是单数。故填was。
2．actually 句意：河水污染如此严重，以至于河面都能着火并燃烧起来。本空修饰动词，应用副词形式。故填actually。
3．the 句意：数年后，这条河成为了环境改善的最佳典范。最高级前要用定冠词，故填the。
4．or 句意：但是，河水不是在几天或是几个月内变清澈的。本空前后为选择关系，都是指一段时间，且用于否定句中，故填or。
5．to reduce 句意：减少工业污染，清理河道花了数年时间。It takes/took some time to do sth. 为固定句型，意为“做某事花费多长时间”。故填to reduce。
6．cleaner 句意：终于，努力有了回报，现在的河水比以前干净了。“比较级＋than...”为比较级的固定结构。故填cheaner。
7．that/which 句意：或许你有一个能使家人抓狂的习惯。空后是定语从句，修饰先行词habit。当先行词是物时，定语从句可以用that 或者which引导。
8．amazing 句意：尽管有很多迅速改变的惊人事例，但是对于我们大多数人来说，改变是渐近的，是需要很多的努力才能实现的„„。修饰名词要用形容词，故填amazing。
9．changes 句意同上。空后be动词是复数，因此设空处应为名词的复数。故填changes。
10．patient 句意：只要耐心点就好。系动词后要用形容词，故填patient。
Passage 4
(2014·课标全国卷Ⅱ)
