常用商务英语词汇解释

商务英语词汇手册商务英语词汇手册商务英语是现代商务活动中不可或缺的一部分，掌握相关的词汇对于提升商务英语能力至关重要。

本手册将为您提供一系列常见的商务英语词汇及其解释，帮助您更好地理解商务英语术语。

一、商务沟通词汇1. Communication-通信- Email-电子邮件- Conference call-电话会议- Memo-备忘录- Presentation-演示- Negotiation-谈判- Feedback-反馈- Follow-up-跟进2. Meeting-会议- Agenda-议程- Minutes-会议纪要- Chairperson-主持人- Attendee-与会者- Action items-行动事项- Q&A session-问答环节- Brainstorming-头脑风暴二、财务与会计词汇1. Financial statements-财务报表- Balance sheet-资产负债表- Income statement-利润表- Cash flow statement-现金流量表- Financial ratios-财务比率- Audit-审计- Budget-预算- Profit margin-利润率2. Payment-支付- Invoice-发票- Receipt-收据- Payment terms-支付条件- Accounts payable-应付账款- Accounts receivable-应收账款- Overdue-逾期- Remittance-汇款三、市场营销词汇1. Market research-市场调研- Market segmentation-市场细分- Target audience-目标受众- Consumer behavior-消费者行为- Brand positioning-品牌定位- Competitive analysis-竞争分析- SWOT analysis-SWOT分析- Market share-市场份额2. Advertising-广告- Advertisement-广告- Campaign-广告活动- Billboard-广告牌- Endorsement-背书- Sponsorship-赞助- Promotional offer-促销活动- Public relations-公共关系四、国际贸易词汇1. Import and export-进出口- Customs-海关- Tariff-关税- Trade agreement-贸易协议- Duty-free-免关税的- Quota-配额- Trade deficit-贸易逆差- Trade surplus-贸易顺差2. Logistics-物流- Freight-货运- Warehouse-仓库- Shipment-货物装运- Container-集装箱- Incoterms-国际贸易术语- Freight forwarder-货运代理- Track and trace-跟踪五、人力资源词汇1. Recruitment-招聘- Job posting-职位发布- Resume-简历- Interview-面试- Candidate-候选人- Reference-推荐人- Offer letter-录用信- Onboarding-入职2. Performance evaluation-绩效评估- Goal setting-目标设定- Performance review-绩效评审- KPIs (Key Performance Indicators)-关键绩效指标- Feedback-反馈- Promotion-晋升- Training and development-培训与发展- Termination-解雇六、跨文化交际词汇1. Cultural differences-文化差异- Etiquette-礼仪- Taboos-禁忌- Body language-肢体语言- Manners-风俗习惯- Interpersonal skills-人际交往技巧- Adaptability-适应性- Respect-尊重2. Globalization-全球化- Internationalization-国际化- Multiculturalism-多元文化- Global market-全球市场- Cultural integration-文化融合- Cross-cultural communication-跨文化交流- Diversity-多样性- Language proficiency-语言能力总结：本商务英语词汇手册涵盖了在商务活动中常见的各个领域的英语词汇。

商务英语词汇大全abroad adv. 在国外，出国，广泛流传absence n. 缺席，离开absent adj. 不在，不参与absenteeism n.（经常性）旷工，旷职absorb v. 吸收，减轻（困难等）作用或影响abstract n. 摘要access n. 接近（或进入）的机会，享用权v.获得使用计算机数据库的权利accommodation n.设施，住宿account n.会计账目accountancy n会计工作accountant n.会计accounts n.往来账目account for解释，说明account executive n.（广告公司）客户经理accruals n. 增值，应计achieve v. 获得或达到，实现，完成acknowledge v. 承认，告知已收到（某物），承认某人acquire v.获得，得到acquisition n收购，被收购的公司或股份acting adj. 代理的activity n.业务类型actual adj. 实在的，实际的，确实的adapt v. 修改，适应adjust v.整理，使适应administration 实施，经营，行政administer v.管理，实施adopt v. 采纳，批准，挑选某人作候选人advertise v. 公布，做广告ad n.做广告，登广告advertisement n.出公告，做广告advertising n.广告业after-sales service n.售后服务agenda n.议事日程agent n.代理人，经纪人allocate v.分配，配给amalgamation n合并，重组ambition n. 强烈的欲望，野心amortize v. 摊还analyze v 分析，研究analysis n.分析，分析结果的报告analyst n. 分析家，化验员annual adj.每年的，按年度计算的annual general meeting （AGM）股东年会anticipate v. 期望anticipated adj. 期待的appeal n.吸引力apply v. 申请，请求；应用，运用applicant n. 申请人application n.申请，施用，实施appointee n.被任命人appraisal n.估量，估价appreciate v. 赏识，体谅，增值appropriate v.拨出（款项）approve v. 赞成，同意，批准aptitude n.天资，才能arbitrage n.套arbitration n.仲裁arrears n. 欠账assemble v.收集，集合assembly line n. 装配线，流水作业线assess v. 评定，估价asset n. 资产current asset n.流动资产fixed asset n.固定资产frozen asset n. 冻结资产intangible assets n.无形资产liquid assets n.速动资产tangible assets n.有形资产assist v. 援助，协助，出席audit n. 查账，审计automate v. 使某事物自动操作average n.平均，平均水准awareness n. 意识；警觉backing n.财务支持，赞助backhander n. 贿赂backlog n. 积压（工作或订货）bad debt 死账（无法收回的欠款）balance n. 收支差额，余额balance of payments n. 贸易支付差额balance sheet n. 资产负债表bankrupt adj.破产的bankruptcy n.破产bank statement n. 银行结算清单（给帐户的），银行对账单bar chart n. 条形图，柱状图bargain v. 谈判，讲价base n. 基地，根据地batch n. 一批，一组，一群batch production批量生产文案大全bear market n.熊市beat v. 超过，胜过behave v. 表现，运转behavior n. 举止，行为，运转情况below-the-line advertising 线下广告，尚未被付款的广告benchmark 衡量标准benefit n. 利益，补助金，保险金得益fringe benefits附加福利Sickness benefit 疾病补助费bid n. 出价，投标takeover bid n. 盘进（一个公司）的出价bill n.账单，票据billboard n. （路边）广告牌，招贴板black adj.违法的in the black 有盈余，贷方black list黑名单，禁止贸易的（货物、公司及个人）名单black Monday n.黑色星期一，指1987年10月国际股票市场崩溃的日子blue chips蓝筹股，绩优股blue-collar adj.蓝领（工人）的Board of Directors n.董事会Bond n.债券Bonus n. 津贴，红利books公司账目book value n. 账面价值，（公司或股票）净值bookkeeper n. 簿记员，记账人boom n. 繁荣，暴涨boost v. 提高，增加，宣扬bottleneck n. 瓶颈，窄路，阻碍bottom adj. 最后的，根本的 v. 到达底部，建立基础bounce v. 支票因签发人无钱而遭拒付并退回brainstorm n./v.点子会议，献计策, 头脑风暴branch n. 分支，分部brand n. 商标，品牌brand leader n.占市场最大份额的品牌，名牌brand loyalty n.（消费者）对品牌的忠实break even v. 收支相抵，不亏不盈break even point 收支相抵点, 盈亏平衡点breakthrough n. 突破brief n. 摘要brochure n. 小册子broker n. 经纪人，代理人bull market 牛市budget n. 预算bulk n. 大量（货物）adj. 大量的bust adj. 破了产的buyout n. 买下全部产权CAD(=Computer Aided Design) 计算机辅助设计call n. 打电话call on v. 呼吁，约请，拜访campaign 战役，运动candidate n.求职者，候选人canteen n. 食堂canvass v. 征求意见，劝说capacity n. 生产额，（最大）产量caption n. 照片或图片下的简短说明capital n. 资本，资金capture v. 赢得cash n. 现金，现付款v. 兑现cash flow n. 现金流量case study n. 案例分析catalogue n. 目录，产品目录catastrophe n. 大灾难，大祸CEO=Chief Executive Officer（美）总经理chain n. 连锁店challenger n.挑战者channel n.(商品流通的)渠道charge n. 使承担，要（价），把…记入…chart n. 图表checkout n.付款台chief adj. 主要的，首席的，总的CIF, c.i.f.成本保险费加运费circular n.传阅的小册子（传单等）circulate v.传阅claim n./v.要求，索赔client n.委托人，顾客cold adj. 没人找上门来的，生意清淡的commercialize v.使商品化commission n.佣金commitment n.承诺commodity 商品，货物company n. 公司limited (liability) company 股份有限公司public limited company (plc) n.股票上市公司compensate v. 补偿，酬报compensation n补偿，酬金compete v.比赛，竞争competition n.比赛，竞争competitor n.竞争者，对手competitive adj.竞争性的文案大全component n. 机器元件、组件、部件，部分concentrated marketing n. 集中营销策略condition n.条件，状况configuration n.设备的结构、组合conflict n. 冲突，争论conglomerate n. 综合商社，多元化集团公司consolidate v. 账目合并consortium n.财团constant adj. 恒定的，不断的，经常的consultant n. 咨询人员，顾问，会诊医生consumables n.消耗品consumer durables n.耐用消费品(如：洗衣机) consumer goods n.消费品，生活资料contingency n. 意外事件continuum n.连续时间contract n. 合同，契约contractor n.承办商，承建人contribute v. 提供，捐献contribution n贡献，捐献，税conversion n. 改装，改造conveyor n. 运送，传递，转让core time n.（弹性工作制的）基本上班时间（员工于此段时间必须上班，弹性只对除此以外的时间有效）cost n. 成本 fixed costs固定成本running costs 日常管理费用variable costs可变成本cost-effective adj.合算的，有效益的costing n.成本计算，成本会计credit n.赊购，赊购制度credit control 赊销管理（检查顾客及时付款的体系）letter of credit信用证credit limit赊销限额credit rating 信贷的信用等级，信誉评价creditor n.债权人，贷方creditworthiness n.信贷价值，信贷信用crisis n.危机，转折点critical adj. 关键的*criticalpath analysis n. 关键途径分析法currency n.货币，流通current adj. 通用的，现行的Current account 往来账户，活期（存款）户current assets n.流动资产current liabilities n. 流动负债customize v. 按顾客的具体要求制造（或改造等）；顾客化cut-throat adj. 残酷的，激烈的cut-price a. 削价（出售）的CV(=curriculum vitae)n. 简历，履历cycle time n.循环时间damages n.损害，损失deadline n. 最后期限deal n. 营业协议，数量v. 交易dealer n. 商人debit n. 借方，欠的钱v.记入账户的借方debt n. 欠款，债务to get into debt 负债to be out of debt 不欠债to pay off a debt 还清债务debtor n.债务人aged debtors 长期债务人declare v.申报，声明decline n./v. 衰退，缓慢，下降decrease v. 减少deduct v.扣除，减去default n. 违约，未履行defect n. 缺陷defective adj.有缺点的defer v. 推迟deferred payments n. 延期支付deficit n. 赤字delivery cycle n.交货周期demand management n.需求规划decorticated adj. 消极的，冷谈的deposit n. 储蓄，预付（定金）depot n. 仓库depreciate v.贬值，（对资产）折旧depressing adj. 令人沮丧的deputy n. 代理人，副职，代理devalue v. 货币贬值（相对于其它货币）diet n. 饮食，食物，特种饮食differentiation n. 区分，鉴别dimensions n. 尺寸，面积，规模direct v管理，指导director n.经理，主管Managing Director n.总经理direct cost n. 直接成本direct mail n.（商店为招揽生意而向人们投寄的）直接邮件direct selling n.直销，直接销售directory n.指南，号码簿文案大全discount n.折扣，贴现dismiss v.让……离开，打发走dismissal n. 打发走dispatch n./v. 调遣display n./v. 展出，显示dispose v.安排，处理（事务）dispose of 去掉，清除distribution n分配，分发，分送产品diversify v.从事多种经营；多样化divest v.剥夺dividend n. 股息，红利，年息division n. 部门dog n. 滞销品down-market a./ad.低档商品的down-time/downtime n. 设备闲置期DP(=Data Processing) n. 计算机数据处理，计算机数据处理部门dramatic adj. 戏剧性的drive积极性，能动due adj. 应付的，预期的dynamic 有活力的earnings n. 工资,收入efficiency n. 效率endorse v.背书，接受engage v. 雇用entitle v. 授权entitlement n.应得的权利holiday entitlement n. 休假权equity n.股东权益equity capital股本equities 普通股，股estimated demand n.估计需求evaluate v. 估价，评价eventual adj.最终exaggerate v. 夸张exceed v. 超过exhibit n.展览，表现expenditure n花费，支出额expense n.费用，支出expense account n. 费用帐户expenses n.费用，业务津贴expertise n.专长，专门知识和技能exposure n.公众对某一产品或公司的知悉；广告所达到的观众总数facilities n.用于生产的设备、器材facilities layout n.设备的布局规划、计划facilities location n.设备安置factoring n.折价购买债券fail-safe system n.安全系统feasibility study n.可行性研究feedback n. 反馈，反馈的信息field n.办公室外边，具体业务file n. 文件集，卷宗，档案，文件v. 归档fill v. 充任finance n. 资金，财政v. 提供资金financial adj. 财政的financing n. 提供资金，筹借资金finished goods n. 制成品firm n. 公司fire v. 解雇fix v. 确定，使固定在fix up v. 解决，商妥fiscal adj. 国库的，财政的flagship n. 同类中最成功的商品，佼佼者flexible adj. 有弹性的，灵活的flextime n. 弹性工作时间制flier(=flyer) n. 促销传单float v. 发行股票flop n. 失败flow shop n. 车间fluctuate v. 波动，涨落，起伏FOB, f.o.b n. 离岸价follow-up n. 细节落实，接连要做的事forecast v. 预测four P's 指产品produce、价格price、地点place、促销promotionframework n. 框架，结构franchise n. 特许经销权v.特许经销franchisee n. 特许经营人franchiser n.授予特许经营权者fraud n. 欺骗freebie n.(非正式的）赠品，免费促销的商品freelance n.& adj. 自由职业者（的）funds n. 资金，基金futures n. 期货交易gap n. 缺口，空隙gearing n. 配称（即定息债务与股份资本之间的比率）gimmick n. 好主意，好点子goal n. 目标going adj. 进行的，运转中的going rate n. 产品的市场价格文案大全goods n. 货物，商品goodwill n. 声誉go public v. 首次公开发行股票grapple with v. 与……搏斗，尽力解决grievance n. 申诉，抱怨gross adj. 总的，毛的gross margin n. 毛利率gross profit n. 毛利gross yield n. 毛收益gradually adv. 逐渐地group n. （由若干公司联合而成的）集团grow v. 增长，扩大growth n. 增长，发展guarantee n. 保证，保单guidelines n. 指导方针，准则hand in v. 呈送hand in one's notice 递交辞呈handle v. 经营hands on adj. 有直接经验的hard sell n. 强行推销hazard n. 危险，危害行为head n. 主管，负责health and safety n. 健康和安全hedge n. 套期保值hidden adj. 隐藏的，不明显的hierarchy n. 等级制度，统治集团，领导层hire v. 雇用hire purchase n. 分期付款购物法hit v. 击中，到达holder n. 持有者holding company n. 控股公司hostile adj. 不友好的，恶意的HRD n. 人力资源发展部human resources n. 人力资源hype n. 天花乱坠的（夸张）广告宣传impact n. 冲击，强烈影响implement v. 实施，执行implication n 隐含意义incentive n. 刺激；鼓励income n. 工资或薪金收入，经营或投资的收入earned income 劳动收入，劳动所得unearned income 非劳动收入，投资所得increment v. 定期增加incur v 招致，承担indemnity n. 偿还，赔偿index n. 指数，索引retail price index 零售价格指数indirect costs n. 间接成本induction n. 就职industrial adj. 工业的industrial action n.（罢工、怠工等）劳工行动industrial relations n. 劳资关系inefficiency n. 低效率，不称职inflate v. 抬高（物价），使通货等）膨胀inflation n. 通货膨胀infringe v. 违法，违章initial adj. 初步的innovate v. 革新input n. 投入insolvent adj. 无清偿力的installment n. 部分，分期付款insure v. 给……保险，投保insurance n. 保险interest n. 利息，兴趣interest rate n. 利率interim n. 中期，过渡期间intermittent production n. 阶段性生产interview n./v. 面试interviewee n. 被面试的人interviewer n. 主持面试的人，招聘者introduce v. 介绍，提出inventory n. 库存buffer inventory 用于应付突发性需求的存货capacity inventory 用于将来某时使用的存货cycle inventory n. 循环盘存decoupling inventory保险性存货（以应付万一）finished goods inventory制成品存货（盘存）pipeline inventory n. 在途存货raw materials inventory n. 原材料存货work-in-progress inventory在制品盘存（存货）invest v. 投资investment n. 投资investor n. 投资者invoice n. 发票v. 给（某人）开发票irrevocable adj. 不可撤消的，不能改变的issue n. 发行股票rights issue n. 优先认股权IT=Information Technology 信息技术item n. 货物，条目，条款job n. 工作job description 工作说明，职务说明文案大全job lot n. 一次生产的部分或少数产品job mobility 工作流动job rotation 工作轮换job satisfaction 工作的满意感（自豪感）job shop n. 专门车间jobbing n. 为一次性的或小的订货需求而特设的生产制度joint adj. 联合的joint bank account（几人的）联合银行存款账户journal n. 专业杂志jurisdiction n. 管辖（权）junk bonds n. 低档（风险）债券，垃圾债券junk mail n.（未经收信人要求的）直接邮寄的广告宣传just-in-time n. 无库存制度key adj. 主要的，关键的knockdown adj. （价格）很低的know-how n. 专门技术label n. 标签，标牌v.加标签，加上标牌labor n. 劳动，工作，劳动力labor market 劳动力市场labor relations 劳资关系labor shortage 劳动力短缺launch v.推出一种新产品n. 新产品的推出lay-off/layoff n./v. 临时解雇layout n. 工厂的布局lead v. 领先，领导lead time n. 完成某项活动所需的时间leaflet n. 广告印刷传单lease n. 租借，租赁物legal adj. 合法的lend v. 出借，贷款lessee n. 承租人lesser n. 出租人ledger n. 分类帐nominal ledger n. 记名帐purchase ledger n. 进货sales ledger n. 销货帐leverage n. 杠杆比率liability n. 负债liabilities n. 债务license n. 许可证license v. 许可，批准life cycle n. 寿命周期likely adj. 可能的line process 流水线（组装）link n. 关系，联系，环liquid adj. 易转换成现款的liquidate v. 清算liquidity n. 拥有变现力liquidation n. 清理（关闭公司），清算liquidator n. 清算人，公司资产清理人listed adj. 登记注册的listing n. 上市公司名录literature n. （说明书类的）印刷品，宣传品litigate v. 提出诉讼loan n./v. 贷款，暂借logo n. 企业的特有标记lose v. 亏损loser n. 失败者loss n. 损失lot n. 批，量loyalty n. 忠诚，忠实magazine n. 杂志，期刊mail shot n. 邮购maintain v. 维持，保持maintenance n. 维持，坚持major adj. 重大的，主要的，较大的majority shareholding 绝对控股make n. 产品的牌子或型号make-to-order adj. 根据订货而生产的产品make-to-stock adj. 指那些在未收到订货时就已生产了的产品management n. 管理，管理部门middle management n. 中层管理人员senior management n. 高层管理人员managerial adj. 管理人员的，管理方面的manager n. 经理plant manager n. 工厂负责人line manager n. 基层负责人staff manager n. 部门经理助理management accounts n. 管理帐目matrix management n. 矩阵管理management information system(MIS) n. 管理信息系统manning n. 人员配备manpower n. 劳动力manpower resources n. 劳动力资源manual adj. 体力的，人工的，蓝领的manufacture v. （用机器）制造manufacturer n. 制造者（厂、商、公司）manufacturing adj. 制造的文案大全manufacturing industry 制造业margin n. 利润gross margin n. 毛利率net margin n. 净利润mark-up v. 标高售价，加价market n. 市场；产品可能的销量down market adv./ adj. 低档商品地/的up market adj./adv. 高档商品的/地marketing mix n. 综合营销策略，指定价、促销、产品等策略的配合market leader n. 市场上的主导公司market niche n. 小摊位，专业市场的一个小部分market penetration n. 市场渗入market segmentation 市场划分market share n. 市场占有率，市场份额mass-marketing n. 大众营销术master production schedule n.主要生产计划material requirements planning(MRP) n.计算生产中所需材料的方法materials handling n. 材料管理，材料控制maximize v. 使增至最大限度、最大化measure n. 措施，步骤media n. 新闻工具，传媒mass media 大众传媒（如电视、广播、报纸等）merchandising n. （在商店中）通过对商品的摆放与促销进行经营merge v. 联合，合并merger n. （公司，企业等的）合并merit n. 优点，值得，应受method study n. 方法研究middleman n. 中间人，经纪人full milk n. 全脂牛奶skimmed milk n. 脱脂乳minimize v. 使减至最小限度，最小化mission n. 公司的长期目标和原则mobility n. 流动性，可移性moderately adv. 中等地，适度地monopoly n. 垄断，独占mortgage n./v. 抵押motivate v. 激励，激发……的积极性motivated adj. 有积极性的motivation n. 提供动机，积极性，动力motive n. 动机negotiate v. 谈判negotiable adj. 可谈判的，可转让的net adj. 净的，纯的network n. 网络niche n. 专业市场中的小摊位notice n. 通知，辞职申请，离职通知objective n. 目标，目的obsolete adj. 过时的，淘汰的，废弃的offer n. 报价，发盘offer v. 开价off-season adj./adv. 淡季的off-the-shelf adj. 非专门设计的off-the-peg adj. 标准的，非顾客化的opening n. 空位operate v. 操作，经营，管理operating profits营业利润operations chart n.经营（管理）表operations scheduling n. 生产经营进度表opportunity n. 机会optimize v. 优化option n. 选择权share option n. 期权organigram n. 组织图organization chart n. 公司组织机构图orient v. 定向，指引orientation n. 倾向，方向；熟悉，介绍情况outcome n. 结果outlay n. 开销，支出，费用outlet n. 商店a retail outlet 零售店outgoings n. 开支，开销outlined adj. 概括，勾勒的草图output n. 产量outsource v. 外购产品或由外单位制做产品outstanding adj. 未付款的，应收的over-demand n. 求过于供overdraft n. 透支overdraft facility 透支限额overdraw v. 透支overhead costs n. 营业成本overheads n. 企业一般管理费用overpay n. 多付（款）overtime n. 加班overview n. 概述，概观owe v. 欠钱，应付p.a.(=per annum) n. 每年packaging n. 包装物；包装parent company n. 母公司，总公司part-time adj. 部分时间工作的，业余的文案大全participate v. 参加，分享 (in)partnership n. 合伙（关系），合伙，合伙企业patent n. 专利pay n. 工资，酬金v. 付钱，付报酬take-home pay 实得工资payroll n. 雇员名单，工资表peak n. 峰值，顶点penetrate v. 渗透，打入（市场）penetration n. 目标市场的占有份额pension n. 养老金，退休金perform v. 表现，执行performance n. 进行，表现工作情况performance appraisal n. 工作情况评估perk n. 额外待遇（交通、保健、保险等）personnel n. 员工，人员petty cash n. 零用现金phase out n. 分阶段停止使用pick v. 提取生产用零部件或给顾客发货picking list n. 用于择取生产或运输订货的表格pie chart n. 饼形图pilot n. 小规模试验pipeline n. 管道，渠道plant capacity n. 生产规模，生产能力plot v. 标绘，策划plough back n. 将获利进行再投资point of sale (POS) n. 销售点policy n. 政策，规定, 保险单portfolio n. （投资）组合portfolio management n. 组合证券管理post n. 邮件，邮局；职位position n. 职位potential n. 潜在力，潜势power n. 能力purchasing power 购买力PR=Public Relations 公共关系preference shares n. 优先股price n. 价格market price 市场价，市价retail price 零售价probation n. 试用期product n. 产品production cycle n. 生产周期production schedule n. 生产计划product life cycle n. 产品生命周期product mix n.产品组合（种类和数量的组合）productive adj. 生产的，多产的profile n. 简介形象特征profit n. 利润operating profit n. 营业利润profit and loss account n. 损益账户project v. 预测promote v . 推销promotion n. 提升，升级proposal n. 建议，计划prospect n. 预期，展望prospectus n. 计划书，说明书prosperity n. 繁荣，兴隆prototype n. 原型，样品publicity n. 引起公众注意public adj. 公众的，公开的go public 上市public sector 公有企业publicity n. 公开场合，名声，宣传publics n.公众，（有共同兴趣的）人或社会人士punctual adj. 准时的punctuality n. 准时purchase v. & n. 购买purchaser n. 买主，采购人QC(=Quality Circle) n. 质检人员qualify v. 有资格，胜任qualified adj. 有资格的，胜任的，合格的qualification n. 资格，资格证明quality n. 质量quality assurance n. 质量保证quality control 质量控制，质量管理quarterly adj./adv. 季度的，按季度questionnaire n. 调查表，问卷quote n. 报价，股票牌价quotation n. 报价，股票牌价Ｒ＆ＤResearch and Development 研究与开发radically adv. 根本地，彻底地raise n.（美）增薪v.增加，提高；提出，引起range n. 系列产品rank n./v. 排名rapport n. 密切的关系，轻松愉快的气氛rate n. 比率，费用fixed rate 固定费用，固定汇率going rate 现行利率，现行汇率rating 评定结果ratio n. 比率rationalize v. 使更有效，使更合理raw adj. 原料状态的，未加工的文案大全raw material n. 原材料receive v. 得到receipt n. 收据receiver n. 接管人，清算人accounts receivable 应收帐receivership n. 破产管理recession n. 萧条reckon v. 估算，认为recognize v. 承认reconcile v. 使……相吻合，核对，调和recoup v. 扣除，赔偿recover v. 重新获得，恢复recovery n. 重获，恢复recruit v. 招聘，征募n. 新招收的人员recruitment n. 新成员的吸收red n. 红色in the red 赤字，负债reduce v. 减少reduction n. 减少redundant adj. 过多的，被解雇的redundancy n. 裁员，解雇reference n. 参考，参考资料reference number (Ref. No.) 产品的参考号码refund n./v. 归还，偿还region n. 地区reimburse v. 偿还，报销reject n./v. 拒绝reliability n. 可靠性relief n. 减轻，解除，救济relocate v. 调动，重新安置remuneration n. 酬报，酬金rent v. 租 n. 租金rep （代表）的缩写report to v. 低于（某人），隶属，从属reposition v. (为商品)重新定位represent v. 代表，代理representative n. 代理人，代表reputation n. 名声，声望reputable adj. 名声/名誉好的reserves n. 储量金，准备金resign v. 放弃，辞去resignation n. 辞职resistance n. 阻力，抵触情绪respond v. 回答，答复response n. 回答，答复restore v. 恢复result/results n. 结果，效果retail n./v. 零售retailer n. 零售商retained earnings n. 留存收益retire v. 退休retirement n. 退休return n. 投资报酬return on investment (ROI) n. 投资收入，投资报酬revenue n. 岁入，税收review v./n. 检查reward n./v. 报答，报酬，奖赏rework v. （因劣质而）重作risk capital n. 风险资本rival n. 竞争者，对手adj.竞争的rocket v. 急速上升，直线上升，飞升ROI Return on Investment 投资利润roughly adv. 粗略地round adj. 整数表示的，大约round trip 往返的行程royalty n. 特许权，专利权税run v. 管理，经营running adj. 运转的sack v. 解雇sales force 销售人员sample n. 样品v. 试验；抽样检验saturation n. （市场的）饱和（状态）saturate v. 饱和save v. 节省，储蓄savings n. 存款scale n. 刻度，层次scapegoat n. 替罪羊scare adj. 缺乏的，不足的scrap n. 废料或废品seasonal adj. 季节性的section n. 部门 sector n. 部门securities n. 债券及有价证券segment n. 部分v. 将市场划分成不同的部分segmentation n. 将市场划分成不同的部门semi-skilled adj. 半熟练的settle v. 解决，决定settlement n. 解决，清偿，支付service n. 服务，帮佣services n. 专业服务settle v. 安排，支付set up v. 创立文案大全share n. 股份shareholder n. 股东shelf-life n. 货架期（商品可以陈列在货架上的时间shift n. 轮班showroom n. 陈列室simulation n. 模拟shop n. 商店closed shop 限制行业（只允许本工会会员）open shop 开放行业（非会员可从事的工作）shop steward 工会管事shop floor 生产场所shortlist n.供最后选择的候选人名单v. 把……列入最后的候选人名单sick leave 病假sick note 病假条sick pay 病假工资skilled employee n. 熟练工人skimming n. 高额定价，撇奶油式定价slogan n. 销售口号slump n. 暴跌a slump in sales 销售暴跌soft-sell n.劝诱销售（术），软销售（手段）software n. 软件sole adj. 仅有的，单独的sole distributor 独家分销商solvent adj. 有偿付能力的sourcing n. 得到供货spare part n. 零部件specification n. 产品说明split v. 分离spokesman n. 发言人sponsor n. 赞助者（为了商品的广告宣传）spread n. （股票买价和卖价的）差额stable adj. 稳定的staff n. 职员stag n. 投机认股者v. 炒买炒卖stagnant adj. 停滞的，萧条的statute n. 成文法statutory adj. 法定的steadily adv. 稳定地，平稳地stock n. 库存，股票stock exchange n. 证券交易所stockbroker n. 股票经纪人stock controller 库房管理者storage n. 贮藏，库存量strategy n. 战略streamline v. 精简机构，提高效率stress n. 压力，紧迫strike n. 罢工structure n. 结构，设备subcontract v. 分包（工程项目），转包subordinate n. 下级adj.下级的subscribe v. 认购subsidiary n. 子公司subsidize v. 补贴，资助subsidy n. 补助金substantially adv. 大量地，大幅度地summarize v. 概括，总结superior n. 上级，长官supervisor n. 监督人，管理人supervisory adj. 监督的，管理的supply n./v. 供给，提供survey n 调查SWOT analysis n. SWOT分析是分析一个公司或一个项目的优点、弱点、机会和风险synergy n. 协作tactic n. 战术，兵法tailor v. 特制产品tailor made products 特制产品take on 雇用takeover n. 接管target n. 目标v. 把……作为目标tariff n. 关税；价目表task n. 任务，工作task force n. 突击队，攻关小队（为完成某项任务而在一起的一组人）tax n. 税，税金capital gains tax n. 资本收益税corporation tax n. 公司税，法人税income tax n. 所得税value added tax 增值税tax allowance 免减税tax avoidance 避税taxable 可征税的taxation 征税tax-deductible 在计算所得税时予以扣除的telesales n. 电话销售，电话售货temporary adj. 暂时的temporary post 临时职位tender n./v. 投标文案大全territory n. （销售）区域tie n. 关系，联系throughput n. 工厂的总产量TQC(=Total Quality Control) n.全面质量管理track record n. 追踪记录，业绩trade n./v. 商业，生意；交易，经商balance of trade 贸易平衡trading profit 贸易利润insider trading 内部交易trade mark 商标trade union 工会trainee n. 受培训者transaction n. 交易，业务transfer n./v. 传输，转让transformation n. 加工transparency n. (投影用)透明胶片treasurer n. 司库，掌管财务的人treasury n. 国库，财政部trend n. 趋势，时尚trouble-shooting n. 解决问题turnover n. 营业额，员工流动的比率staff turnover 人员换手率stock turnover 股票换手率undertake v.从事、同意做某事undifferentiated marketing n. 无差异性营销策略uneconomical adj. 不经济的，浪费unemployment n. 失业unemployment benefit n.失业津贴unit n. 单位unit cost n. 单位成本update v. 使现代化up to date adj./adv.流行的，现行的，时髦的upgrade v. 升级，增加upturn n. 使向上，使朝上USP 唯一的销售计划vacancy n. 空缺vacant adj. 空缺的value n./v. 价值，估价valuation n. 价值value-added n. 增加值variable n. 可变物variation n. 变化，变更variety n. 多样化a variety of 多种多样的vary v. 改变，修改VAT Value Added Tax 增值税vendor n. 卖主（公司或个人）venture n. 冒险，投机venue n. 地点，集合地点viable adj. 可行的viability n. 可行性vision n. 设想，公司的长期目标vocation n. 行业，职业vocational adj. 行业的，职业的wage n. （周）工资wage freeze n. 工资冻结warehouse n. 仓库，货栈wealth n. 财富，资源wealthy adj. 富裕的，丰富的welfare n. 福利white-collar 白领阶层white goods n. 如洗衣机等用在厨房中的产品wholesale n./adj./adv. 批发wholesaler 批发商wind up v. 关闭公司withdraw v. 拿走，收回，退出withdrawal n. 拿走，收回，退出wholesale n./a. 批发；批发的wholesaler n. 批发商work n. 工作working conditions n. 工作条件work-in-progress n. 工作过程workload n. 工作量work order n. （包括原料、半成品、成品的）全部存货总量文案大全work station 工作位置working capital n. 营运资本，营运资金write off v. 取消write-off n. 债务的取消yield n. 有效产量zero defect n. 合格产品zero inventory n. 零存货文案大全。

aggressive adj. 敢作敢为/侵略性的aggression - n. 进攻，侵略appointment n. 约会，指定badge n. 徽章，证章colleague n. 同事，同僚head of department n. 部门经理department- n. 部门，科，处managing director n. 常务懂事personnel n. 人员，职员public relations n. 公共关系sales office n. 营业部，销售部sincere adj. 诚挚的，真诚的small talk n. 闲聊superior n. 长者，上级surname n. 姓vice-chairman n. 副主席vice - prefix 副的chairman - n. 主席visitor n. 访问者，来宾visit - 拜访，参观whereabouts n. 下落，行踪aperitif n. 开胃酒apparently 显然地behaviour n. 行为，举止chew over n. 考虑，详细讨论counterpart n. 对等的人或物demonstration n. 示范，实证demonstrate –v. 示范，证明disaster n. 灾难manners plural n. 礼貌offence n. 犯罪，冒犯syllable n. 音节tricky adj. 狡猾的，机警的accountant n. 会计，会计师ambitious adj. 有雄心/野心勃勃的application n. 应用程序，应用软件challenge n. 挑战deadline n. 最终期限environment n. 环境，外界finance n. 金融，财政学generate v. 产生，发生hands-on n. 有实际经验的人hectic adj. 忙乱的，忙碌的responsibility n. 责任，职责body language n. 身体语言，手势语言business card n. 名片click v. 发出滴答声co-worker n. 合作者，同事concentrate v. 集中conference n. 会议，协商会delegate n. 代表indigestion n. 消化不良quiz n. 测验reliable adj. 可靠的，可信赖的sigh v. 叹息，叹气sniff v. 用力吸气，闻到yawn v. 打呵欠border n. 边界，边ballpark figure n. 约略的数字fact n. 事实，真相flu n. 流感junior adj. 下级的，地位较低的senior adj. 高级的，地位较高的sketch n. 草图，梗概attend to v. 处理，料理e-mail n. 电子邮件memo n. 备忘录proportion n. 比例，部分envelope n. 信封cc carbon copy 副本抄送catalogue UK catalog US n. 目录concise adj. 简洁的courteous adj. 有礼貌的dot matrix printer n. 针式打印机heading n. 标题house style n. 印刷风格letterhead n. 信笺抬头logo n. （某个组织的）标识pp （also per pro）（签字前）代表… paragraph n. 段落recycle v. 回收再利用manual n. 手册，指南additive n. 添加剂aroma n. 香味artificial adj. 人造的，假的customer n. 顾客，消费者extract v. 取出，榨出，摘录irrelevant adj. 不相关/不切题的order form n. 订购单relevant adj. 有关的sample n. 样品wavy adj. 波状的，波动的assemble v. 集合，装配agent n. 代理人benefit n. 利益，好处come up to expectations 尽如人意compile v. 编辑，汇编contract n. 合同，契约engineer n. 工程师，技师feedback n. 反馈，反应jeopardize v. 危害long-standing adj. 长期的puzzled adj. 迷惑不解的submit v. 提交，递交mobile phone n. 移动电话phone booth n. 公共电话亭telephonist n. 接线生，话务员batch n. —批courier n. 导游，信使prototype n. 原型quote v. 报价receipt n. 收到，收据stick-on adj. 涂有黏胶/可粘贴的subcontract v. 分包或转包answering machine n. 留言机contact n. 接触，联系head office n. 总部striped adj. 有条纹的subsidiary adj. 辅助/补充的freight n. 货物，运费dial v. 拨（电话）dispatch v. 派遣，发送image n. 图象，形象quality control n. 质量控制shipment n. 装运，运输的货物staff n. 全体职员trade fair n. 商品交易会vegetarian n. 素食者agent n. 代理商confirm v. 确认connect v. 连接equipment n. 设备extension n. 分机laboratory n. 实验室literature n. 公司宣传资料put sb through phrasal v为某人接通电话switchboard n. 接线总机break down v. 出故障non-smoking adj. 非吸烟的proposal n. 提议，建议stuffy adj. 通风不良/闷人的translate v. 翻译congress n. 代表大会/国会/议会label n. 标签，签条afflict v. 使痛苦，折磨break n. 休息，暂停frequent adj. 时常发生的/频繁的improve v. 改善，改进physiotherapist n. 理疗医师card n. 卡片，名片stand n. 摊位，看台discount n. 折扣procurement n. 采购，获得record v. 记录rely on phrasal v. 依赖，信任sales representative n. 销售代表summarize v. 概述，总结canteen n. 食堂complain v. 抱怨，控诉concerning preposition 关于display v. 陈列，展览eyesight n. 视力handle v. 处理，操作investigate v. 调查，研究bug n. 小虫，臭虫，病old-fashioned adj. 老式的/过时的procedure n. 程序，手续raise v. 提出recommend v. 推荐，介绍regular adj. 定期的/规则的/经常的Repetitive Strain Injury （RSI）n. （肢体的）重复性劳损replace v. 取代，替换request n. 请求，要求screen n. 屏，银幕symptom n. 症状union n. 联盟，协会ventilate v. 使通风aim v. 打算，瞄准body n. 主要部分，主体clarify v. 澄清，阐明special adj. 特别的/专门的cover v. 代替department n. 部门/科/系personnel n. 人事部edit v. 编辑，校订efficient adj. 有效率的/能干的examine v. 检查，调查extended adj. 延长的grave adj. 严重的item n. 项目，条款overtime n. 超时，加班request n. 请求，要求result n. 结果，成效review v. 回顾，复查rough adj. 粗略的/大致的select v. 选择，挑选separate adj. 分开的/独立的sheet n. 薄片，被单undertake v. 承担/答应做某事waste n. 废物，浪费workforce n. 劳动力/职员总数bill n. 帐单bonus n. 奖金，红利dash n. 破折号deduct v. 扣除increase v. 增加，增大instead ad v. 代替invoice n. 发票，发货单lot n. 许多postpone v. 推迟，延迟punctuation mark n. 标点符号reduce v. 减少afterthought n. 事后产生的想法/追悔apostrophe n. 撇号avoid v. 避免brackets n. 括弧carry out phrasal v. 执行/完成/实现colon n. 冒号comma n. 逗号cost n. 成本quotes n. 引号doubt n. 怀疑，疑问exclamation mark n. 感叹号factory n. 工厂full stop n. 句号hyphen n. 连字符inverted commas n. 引号oblique n. 斜线符号parenthesis n. 圆括号period = full stop n. 句号primary adj. 第—位的/主要的productivity n. 生产力question mark n. 问号quotation marks n. 引号salary n. 薪水semicolon n. 分号slash n. 斜线stroke n. —笔，笔画amount n. 数量branch n. 分支，分部emerge v. 显现，暴露focus n. 中心，焦点note [something] down phrasal v. 记录，记下order n. 次序，顺序sequence n. 次序，顺序brainstorm v. 集体讨论/群策群力session n. —段时间set n. 经常往来、意气相头的—些人spot v. 认出，发现topic n. 话题，主题underestimate v. 低估，看轻join v. 参加，加入pension scheme n. 养老金计划或方案trade union （US labor union）n. 工会aerospace adj. / n. 航空航天空间，航空航天技术（的）beverage n. 饮料chart n. 图表electronics n. 电子学sector n. 部门/经济领域supply v. 供给，提供tertiary adj. 第三的board n. 懂事会，理事会array n. 排列，编队asset n. 资产/有价值的技能、人branch office n. 分店，支店civil engineering n. 土木工程cornerstone n. 奠基石，基础corporation n. 公司，企业decade n. 十年fiscal year n. 财政年度/会计年度fledgling firm n. 新公司/无经验的公司found v. 建立，创办innovative adj. 创新的/革新的link n. 连接（物）location n. 位置，场所maintain v. 维持，保养milestone n. 里程碑，转折点numerous adj. 许多的，无数的railroad = railway n. 铁路spearhead v. 领先/充当先锋turn of the century 世纪之交versatile adj. 万能的/多才多艺的zest n. 强烈的兴趣、热情abandon v. 放弃，遗弃abolish v. 废止，废除in bulk 大批component n. 组成部分/零部件confine v. 限制consign v. 托运，委托oblivion n. 遗忘debt n. 债务dishwasher n. 洗碗机encourage v. 鼓励，怂恿expenses plural n. 费用，开支filing cabinet n. 文件柜-fold suffix （附于数字后）表示"倍"rewarding adj. 有益的，报答的share n. 份额site n. 地点，场所manual adj. 手工的/体力的accounts plural n. 帐目install v. 安装dealings plural n. 关系，往来collapse v. 倒塌，病倒concentric adj. 同中心的counsellor n. 顾问get rid of phrasal v. 摆脱，除去corporation n. 大公司parking lot n. 停车场pyramid structure n. 金字塔结构scrutiny n. 详细审查staff turnover n. 员工流动率subject someone to something phrasal v. 使某人经历或遭受某事物available adj. 可获得的，/可探访的career n. 事业，生涯，职业confidential adj. 机密的，秘密的detail n. 细节，详情domestic adj. 国内的exchange v. 交换，兑换hostile adj. 敌对的impatience n. 急躁polite adj. 有礼貌的，有教养的abroad adj. ，ad v. 往国外/海外an n. ce v. 宣布，通告battery n. 电池acquaintance n. 熟人disabled adj. 伤残的economy n. 经济实惠/节约措施line n. （产品的）类型，种别order book n. 订货簿outperform v. 做得比…好/胜过plant n. 设备，工厂output n. 产量，输出量quotation n. 报价（单）range n. 种类rationalize v. 合理化redundant adj. 多余的shape n. 外型，体型share n. 股份shipping n. 运送short-range adj. 短期的/短程的suppliers plural n. 供应商specifications plural n. 规格stock n. 库存substantial adj. 大量的/可观的vehicle n. 交通工具briefcase n. 公文包bug n. 窃听器detector n. 探测器disguise n. 伪装distributor n. 经销商eavesdrop v. 偷听device n. 装置，发明物exhibit v. 展出，陈列forthcoming adj. 即将来临的hands-on experience n. 实际经验licence UK license US n. 许可证interfere v. 干涉，干预mains plural n. UK （供应—建筑物或地方的）水源，煤气源，电源warranty n. （商品）保证书，保证monitor n. 监控器part adj. 部分的，局部的portable adj. 轻便的/便携式的recharge v. 再充电rep = sales representative n. 销售代表scrambler n. 扰频器showroom n. （商品样品）陈列室specify v. 确切讲明/明确规定/祥述volt n. 伏特workstation n. 工作站anchor n. 锚container n. 集装箱handbook n. 手册idealize v. 理想化passage n. 航程，旅行，旅费pro forma （invoice）n. 形式发票scenario n. 可能出现的情况stainless steel n. 不锈钢truck n. 卡车，敞棚货车unload v. 卸货/（从相机中）取出胶卷warehouse n. 仓库，大商店annual adj. 年度的/每年的the brunt of 主要压力/正面冲撞brand name n. 品牌名coupon n. 商家的优待券credit card n. 信用卡bill n. esp. US 钞票downturn n. 低迷时期slowdown n. 生产放慢/减速eurocheque n. 欧洲货币支票increase v. 增加，增大interest n. 利息launch v. 发动/发起/投放市场letter of credit n. 信用证list price n. 价目表所列之价格marginal adj. 少的/微不足道的net n. 净利/价oblique adj. 倾斜的slash n. 斜线pound n. 英镑prestige n. 声望，威望spreadsheet n. 空白表格程序，电子数据表string n. 线，串tax n. 税，税款assess v. 评估，评定bad debt n. 呆帐（收不回的帐）disregard n. 漠视，忽视face value n. 票面价值owe v. 欠recover v. 重新获得，恢复gross adj. ，ad v. 总的，毛重的gross n. —罗invoice n. 发票，发货单merchandise n. 商品，货物remittance n. 汇款，汇款额inconsistent adj. 不—致/不协调的irrevocable adj. 不可撤销的particular adj. 特殊的/特别的shipment n. 装运，货物stipulate v. 规定enclose v. 放入封套，装入liquidate v. 清算rectify v. 纠正damage v. 损害，损坏repair v. 修理，修补cable n. 电缆misunderstand v. 误解，误会mix up n. 混乱，问题reel n. 卷轴，—卷attorney US = lawyer n. 律师clumsy adj. 笨拙的inefficient adj. 效率低/不能胜任的pressure n. 压力shortage n. 不足，缺乏slip-up n. 疏忽，错误slip someone's mind 忘记solicitor UK n. 律师threat n. 威胁，恐吓anticipate v. 预期，期望inconvenience n. 麻烦/不方便之处database n. 数据库，资料库format n. 版式，格式fuss n. 忙乱，大惊小怪graphics n. 图形one-stop adj. —站式的utility n. 效用，有用asap abbreviation for 尽快fault n. 过错，毛病，故障inadequate adj. 不充分/不恰当的package n. 包裹，包withhold v. 使停止，抑制A4 n. A4（纸）negative n. （摄影等的）底片/负片refund n. 偿还额，退款alloy n. 合金cost-effective adj. 有成本效益的，划算的defect n. 过失，缺点eliminate v. 排除，消除line manager n. 生产线管理人员mass-produce v. 大量生产reject v. 拒绝，抵制，否决belongings plural n. 财产，所有物chain smoker n. 连续抽烟的人connect v. 连接gate n. 大门itinerary n. 旅行的计划/旅行路线platform n. 月台，站台，讲台smooth adj. 顺利/光滑/流畅的traffic jam n. 交通阻塞，塞车traveller's cheque n. 旅行支票trolley n. 电车，手推车buffet n. 自助餐single room n. 单人房twin bed n. 成对的单人床之—gallery n. 美术陈列室，画廊back streets n. 后街（通常指城镇贫民区中狭窄的街道）big name n. informal 要人brief v. 事先给某人详细介绍或指示lake n. 湖politician n. 政治家，政客public transport n. 公共交通/公交车辆personality n. 名人（尤指娱乐界或体育界的）appetizer US n. 开胃食品，开胃物dessert n. 餐后甜点entrée US n. 在正式宴席上，在鱼与肉两道主菜之间所上的菜exaggerate v. 夸张，夸大fudge n. 软糖jet lag n. 喷气飞行时差反main course UK n. 主菜pie n. 馅饼pumpkin n. 南瓜starter UK n. 第—道菜APEX abbreviation for Advance Purchase Excursion n. 预购远足套票fee n. 费，酬金full board 全膳lecture n. 演讲，讲座overhead projector （OHP）n. 高射投影仪refund n. 退款，偿还额self-catering adj. ，n. （指假日、住宿等）自己举炊的seminar n. 研讨会simultaneous adj. 同时/同时发生的venue n. 聚集地点，会场，（尤指）体育比赛场所balcony n. 阳台overlook v. 俯瞰，远眺wheelchair n. 轮椅compensate v. 偿还，补偿flap n. （用以覆盖开口的或垂下的）扁平物knock back phrasal v. 很快喝掉某物landing gear n. （=undercarriage）（飞行器的）起落架leaflet n. 散叶印刷品，传单manifesto n. 宣言，声明screwdriver n. 螺丝起子sightseeing n. 观光soak v. 浸泡，浸透brand n. 品牌commercial n. （电视或无线电中的）广告demand v. 要求，需要design n. 设计，图案，花样distribute v. 分发，分布end user n. 终端用户hire purchase n. 分期付款购买label n. 标签，签条opportunity n. 机会，时机outlet n. 经销店PR = public relations n. 公共关系promote v. 促进，提升publicity n. 宣传，广告taste n. 品味threat n. 恐吓，威胁benefit n. 利益，好处cross-refer v. 前后参照desire v. 期望，要求feature n. 特征，特色nostalgia n. 对往事的怀恋/怀旧update v. 更新，使现代化brochure n. 小册子bubble gum n. 泡泡糖comic adj. 滑稽的/喜剧的direct mail 直接邮件/直接邮寄广告liqueur n. 利口酒press release n. 新闻稿stand n. 摊位，架子word of mouth 口头语break into phrasal v. 突然开始probability n. 可能性，概率predict v. 预言，预知forecast n. 预见，预报gloom n. 昏暗，忧郁，忧愁hospitality n. 殷勤待客，好客landscape n. 风景，山水画misconception n. 错误的观念，误解package tour n. —切由旅行社代办而费用固定的假日旅游questionnaire n. 调查表，问卷wilderness n. 荒野，荒地manure n. 肥料，粪肥trend n. 倾向，趋势impact n. 冲击力/撞击/巨大的影响literature n. 小册子，传单chair n. 主持会议的主席（的席位或职位），大学教授的职位designate v. 指定，指派，任命flexitime n. 弹性上班制full-time adj. ，ad v. 全日制的，全工作周的；全日制地，全周地part-time adj. ，ad v. 兼职的/地，部分时间工作的/地stipulate v. 规定premise n. 前提，假定arise v. 出现，发生boundary n. 边界，边界线cautious adj. 谨慎的，小心的crockery n. 陶器，瓦器cutlery n. 餐具leak v. 泄露on the spot 当场territory n. 领土/版图/地域v. al adj. 口头的adjourn v. 延期，休会duration n. 持续时间/为期agenda n. 议程majority n. 大半，多数to and fro ad v. 来回地，往复地vote v. 投票决定，投票buffet n. 自助餐overdo v. 做得过分/过火，做作pro rata 按比例的/地，成比例的/地snack n. 小吃，快餐wedding reception nun 结婚宴会haul n. 旅程所花/某事发生所需时间fax machine n. 传真机hard disk n. 硬盘assortment n. 各类物品或同类各种物品的聚集，混合物bubble n. 泡沫，气泡crucial adj. 至关重要的ingredient n. （烹调用的）材料，原料，成分；因素，要素，成分microprocessor n. 微处理器texture n. 质地，纹理assembly n. 装配，集合facility n. 能够或易于做某事的环境、设备等，辅助物standby n. 备用的事物streamline v. 使（某事物）效率更高、作用更大，精简coat v. 涂上，包上drum n. 鼓形圆桶beep v. 发嘟嘟声，发哔哔声disconnect v. 拆开，分离feed v. 喂养，提供原料mode n. 方式，模式，样式slot n. 细长的孔/硬币投币口/狭通道grind v. 磨碎，碾碎roast v. 烤，烘烤acquire v. 获得，学到attitude n. 态度，看法cabin crew n. 机舱工作人员the dole n. informal 施舍品，失业救济金slot n. 为某人/某事物安排的位置或时间from scratch 从零开始，从无到有，白手起家jump at phrasal v. 欣然接受recession n. 工商业之萧条/不景气recruit v. 征募新兵/吸收新成员transition n. 转变，转换，过渡volunteer n. 志愿者/兵ageism n. 对老年人的歧视alleviate v. 使（痛苦等）易于忍受，减轻aptitude n. 能力，才能arbitrary adj. 任意的，武断的blanket adj. 包括—切情形或种类的，总括的，综合的creed n. 信条criminology n. 犯罪学，刑事学culprit n. 犯人CV UK n. = curriculum vitae个人简历discriminate v. 歧视，区别待遇dynamic adj. 动力的，精力充沛的，有力的，动态的guilt n. 罪行，内疚high-flyer n. 抱负极高的人，有野心的人irrespective adj. 不顾的，不考虑的，无关的lag v. 落后于，滞后obsessed adj. 着迷/牵挂/困扰的oppress v. 压迫，压抑pressing adj. 紧迫的prevalent adj. 普遍的，流行的résumén. 个人简历rot v. 腐烂/败set in phrasal v. （指雨、坏天气、感染等）开始并可能继续下去sliding scale n. 滑动费率，滑动折算制steady adj. 稳固的，稳定的strenuous adj. 精力充沛的，干劲十足的，必须努力的corridor n. 走廊give [someone] a hard time phrasal v. 使某人难堪interviewer n. 主持面试者，采访者panel n. 座谈小组，陪审团promising adj. 有希望的，有前途的short list n. 决选名单bonus n. 奖金，红利eligible adj. 合格的/有恰当资格的the nitty-gritty n. informal 基本事实，实情scope n. 机会，范围initiative n. 主动性/积极性/主动权UNIT 14 Sales and negotiationcheat v. 欺骗，骗取hard sell n. 硬卖/强行推销soft sell n. 软推销/劝买/讲服式推销sales rep n. 销售代表bargain n. 契约，合同debate n. 争论，辩论dispute n. 争论/议，纠纷appliance n. 用具，器具/械margin n. 差额，成本与售价间的差额，利润remain v. 保持encounter v. 遭遇，相遇micro- prefix 微，微小lens n. 透镜，镜片process v. 加工，冲洗摄影胶卷viewfinder n. （照相机的）取景器UNIT 15 A special projectcriterion n. （批评判断的）标准expertise n. 专门技术local authority n. 地方当局，地方政权microwave （oven）n. 微波炉refurbish v. 重新装饰，使（某物）恢复光亮nappy n. 尿布baked beans n. （加番茄酱等制的）烘豆concrete jungle n. 高楼林立、乌烟瘴气、时有暴力事件的现代城市、城区down-to-earth adj. 脚踏实地的人，讲求实际的人，讲现实的人，实用物品flight simulator n. 飞行模拟装置，飞行模拟器hereabouts ad v. 附近，在这—带incentive n. 刺激，奖励interstate n. US 州际高速公路midway ad v. 在中途，在半路no-nonsense adj. 实际的，严肃的pharmaceutical adj. 制药的mall n. 购物商场，商业街Victorian adj. 维多利亚女王时代的laboratory n. 实验室literature n. 公司宣传资料put sb through phrasal v为某人接通电话switchboard n. 接线总机break down v. 出故障non-smoking adj. 非吸烟的proposal n. 提议，建议stuffy adj. 通风不良/闷人的translate v. 翻译congress n. 代表大会/国会/议会label n. 标签，签条afflict v. 使痛苦，折磨。

商务英语词汇大全一、基本商务术语1. 商务活动（Business Activity）2. 市场营销（Marketing）3. 销售额（Sales Revenue）4. 成本（Cost）5. 利润（Profit）6. 投资回报率（Return on Investment, ROI）7.SWOT分析（Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats）8. 目标市场（Target Market）9. 市场细分（Market Segmentation）10. 定位（Positioning）二、商务谈判术语1. 谈判（Negotiation）2. 合同（Contract）3. 报价（Quotation）4. 还价（Counteroffer）5. 成交（Close the Deal）6. 付款方式（Payment Terms）7. 交货期（Delivery Time）8. 质量保证（Quality Assurance）9. 售后服务（Aftersales Service）10. 合作伙伴（Business Partner）三、商务函电术语1. 询盘（Inquiry）2. 报盘（Offer）3. 订单（Order）4. 发票（Invoice）5. 装箱单（Packing List）6. 信用证（Letter of Credit, L/C）7. 汇票（Bill of Exchange）8. 托运单（Shipping Order）9. 提单（Bill of Lading）10. 保险（Insurance）四、人力资源术语1. 招聘（Recruitment）2. 简历（Resume）3. 面试（Interview）4. 培训（Training）5. 薪资（Salary）6. 福利（Benefits）7. 绩效考核（Performance Appraisal）8. 晋升（Promotion）9. 劳动合同（Labor Contract）10. 职业规划（Career Planning）五、企业运营术语1. 企业战略（Corporate Strategy）2. 企业文化（Corporate Culture）3. 组织结构（Organizational Structure）4. 部门（Department）5. 团队协作（Teamwork）6. 项目管理（Project Management）7. 生产计划（Production Plan）8. 供应链管理（Supply Chain Management）9. 库存（Inventory）10. 客户关系管理（Customer Relationship Management, CRM）六、财务与会计术语1. 财务报表（Financial Statements）2. 资产（Assets）3. 负债（Liabilities）4. 所有者权益（Owner's Equity）5. 现金流（Cash Flow）7. 资产负债表（Balance Sheet）8. 利润分配（Profit Distribution）9. 折旧（Depreciation）10. 纳税（Taxation）七、国际贸易术语1. 进口（Import）2. 出口（Export）3. 贸易壁垒（Trade Barrier）4. 关税（Tariff）5. 配额（Quota）6. 原产地证明（Certificate of Origin）7. 贸易术语（Trade Terms，如FOB、CIF等）8. 国际支付（International Payment）9. 外汇（Foreign Exchange）10. 世界贸易组织（World Trade Organization, WTO）八、市场营销策略术语1. 市场调研（Market Research）2. 产品生命周期（Product Life Cycle）3. 广告（Advertising）4. 促销（Promotion）5. 公关（Public Relations）6. 品牌战略（Brand Strategy）7. 网络营销（Internet Marketing）8. 社交媒体营销（Social Media Marketing）9. 客户满意度（Customer Satisfaction）10. 忠诚度计划（Loyalty Program）九、企业管理术语1. 领导力（Leadership）2. 决策（Decision Making）3. 风险管理（Risk Management）4. 企业伦理（Business Ethics）5. 知识管理（Knowledge Management）6. 创新能力（Innovation Capability）7. 企业形象（Corporate Image）8. 危机管理（Crisis Management）9. 持续改进（Continuous Improvement）10. 企业社会责任（Corporate Social Responsibility, CSR）十、电子商务术语2. 在线支付（Online Payment）3. 网络安全（Network Security）4. 顾客评价（Customer Review）6. 网络营销策略（Online Marketing Strategy）7. 搜索引擎优化（Search Engine Optimization, SEO）8. 率（Clickthrough Rate, CTR）9. 转化率（Conversion Rate）通过这些词汇的积累，您将能够在商务交流中更加得心应手，展现出您的专业素养和沟通能力。

商务英语词汇大全 abroadadv. 在国外，出国，广泛流传absence n. 缺席，离开 absent adj. 不在，不参与 absenteeism n. （经常性）旷工，旷职absorb v. 吸收，减轻（困难等）作用或影响abstract n. 摘要access n. 接 近 （ 或 进 入 ） 的 机 会 ， 享 用 权 v . 获得使用计算机数据库的权利accommodation n. 设施，住宿 account n. 会计账目 accountancy n. 会计工作 accountant n. 会计 accounts n. 往来账目 account for 解释，说明account executive n. （广告公司）客户经理accruals n. 增值，应计achieve v. 获得或达到，实现，完成acknowledge v. 承认，告知已收到（某物），承 认某人acquire v. 获得，得到acquisition n. 收购，被收购的公司或股份acting adj. 代理的 activity n. 业务类型actual adj. 实在的，实际的，确实的 adapt v. 修改，适应 adjust v. 整理，使适应 administration 实施，经营，行政 administer v. 管理，实施adopt v. 采纳，批准，挑选某人作候选人 advertise v. 公布，做广告ad n. 做广告，登广告 advertisement n. 出公告，做广告advertising after-salesn. 售后服务agenda n. 议事日程 agent n. 代理人，经纪人 allocate v. 分配，配给 amalgamation n. 合并，重组 ambition n. 强烈的欲望，野心 amortize v.摊还analyze v.分析，研究servic en. 广告业analysisn. 分析，分析结果的报告analyst n. 分析家，化验员annual adj. 每年的，按年度计算的annual general meeting （ AGM）股东年会anticipatev.期望anticipated adj. 期待的appeal n. 吸引力applyv. 申请，请求；应用，运用applicant n. 申请人application n. 申请，施用，实施appointee n. 被任命人appraisal n. 估量，估价appreciate v. 赏识，体谅，增值appropriate v. 拨出（款项）approve v. 赞成，同意，批准aptitude n. 天资，才能arbitrage n. 套arbitration n. 仲裁arrears n. 欠账assemble v. 收集，集合assembly line n. 装配线，流水作业线assess v. 评定，估价asset n. 资产current assetn. 流动资产fixed asset n. 固定资产frozen asset n. 冻结资产intangible assets n. 无形资产liquid assets n. 速动资产tangibl e assets n. 有形资产assistv. 援助，协助，出席auditn. 查账，审计automate v. 使某事物自动操作average n. 平均，平均水准awareness n意.识；警觉backing n. 财务支持，赞助backhander n. 贿赂backlogn. 积压（工作或订货）bad debt 死账（无法收回的欠款）balancen. 收支差额，余额balance ofpayments n. 贸易支付差额balance sheet n. 资产负债表bankruptadj. 破产的bankruptcyn. 破产bank statement n. 银行结算清单（给帐户的），银行对账单bar chart n. 条形图，柱状图bargain v. 谈判，讲价base n. 基地，根据地bbehavior n. 举止，行为，运转情况below-the-line advertising 线下广告，尚未被付款的广告benchmark衡量标准benefitn. 利益，补助金，保险金得益fringe benefits 附加福利Sickness benefit 疾病补助费bid n. 出价，投标takeover bid n.盘进（一个公司）的出价bill n. 账单，票据billboar d n. （路边）广告牌，招贴板black adj. 违法的in the black 有盈余，贷方black list 黑名单，禁止贸易的（货物、公司及个人）名单black Monday n黑.色星期一，指 1987 年10 月国际股票市场崩溃的日子blue chips 蓝筹股，绩优股blue-collar adj. 蓝领（工人）的Board of Directors n. 董事会Bond n. 债券Bonus n. 津贴，红利books 公司账目book value n. 账面价值，（公司或股票）净值bookkeeper n. 簿记员，记账人boom n. 繁荣，暴涨boost v. 提高，增加，宣扬bottleneck n. 瓶颈，窄路，阻碍bottom adj. 最后的，根本的 v. 到达底部，建立基础bounce v. 支票因签发人无钱而遭拒付并退回 brainstorm n/v 点子会议，献计策, 头脑风暴branch n. 分支，分部brand n. 商标，品牌brandleader n. 占市场最大份额的品牌，名牌brand loyalty n. （消费者）对品牌的忠实batch n. 一批，一组，一群batch production 批量生产bear market n. 熊市beatv. 超过，胜过behave v. 表现，运转break even v. 收支相抵，不亏不盈break even point 收支相抵点 , 盈亏平衡点breakthrough n. 突破briefn. 摘要brochuren. 小册子broker n. 经纪人，代理人bull market 牛市budget n. 预算bulk n. 大量（货物）adj. 大量的bust adj. 破了产的buyou t n. 买下全部产权CAD(=Computer Aided Design) 计算机辅助设计calln. 打电话call on v. 呼吁，约请，拜访campaign 战役，运动candidate n. 求职者，候选人canteen n. 食堂canvass v. 征求意见，劝说capacity n. 生产额，（最大）产量caption n. 照片或图片下的简短说明capit al n. 资本，资金capturev. 赢得cash n. 现金，现付款 v. 兑现cash flown. 现金流量case study n. 案例分析catalogue n. 目录，产品目录catastrophen. 大灾难，大祸CEO=Chief Executive Officer （美）总经理chainn. 连锁店challenger n. 挑战者channel n.( 商品流通的) 渠道charge n. 使承担，要（价），把⋯记入⋯ chart n. 图表checkout n. 付款台chief adj. 主要的，首席的，总的CIF, c.i.f. 成本保险费加运费circular n. 传阅的小册子（传单等）circulate v. 传阅claim n./v. 要求，索赔client n. 委托人，顾客coldadj.没人找上门来的，生意清淡的commercialize v. 使商品化commission n. 佣金commitment n. 承诺commodity 商品，货物company n. 公司limited (liability)company股份有限公司public limited company (plc) n. 股票上市公司compensate v. 补偿，酬报compensation n. 补偿，酬金compete v. 比赛，竞争competitionn. 比赛，竞争competitorn. 竞争者，对手competitive adj. 竞争性的component n. 机器元件、组件、部件，部分concentrate d marketing n. 集中营销策略condition n. 条件，状况configuration n. 设备的结构、组合conflict n. 冲突，争论conglomerat e n. 综合商社，多元化集团公司consolidatev. 账目合并consortium n. 财团constantadj. 恒定的，不断的，经常的consultantn. 咨询人员，顾问，会诊医生consumables n. 消耗品consumer durablesn.耐用消费品( 如：洗衣机)consumer goods n. 消费品，生活资料contingency n. 意外事件continuum n. 连续时间contract n. 合同，契约contractor n. 承办商，承建人contributev. 提供，捐献contributionn. 贡献，捐献，税conversion n. 改装，改造conveyor n. 运送，传递，转让coretimen.（弹性工作制的）基本上班时间（员工于此段时间必须上班，弹性只对除此以外的时间有效）cost n. 成本fixed costs 固定成本running costs 日常管理费用variable costs 可变成本cost-effective adj. 合算的，有效益的costing n. 成本计算，成本会计 credit n. 赊购，赊购制度credit control 赊销管理（检查顾客及时付款的体系）letter of credit 信用证credit limit 赊销限额credit rating 信贷的信用等级，信誉评价creditor n. 债权人，贷方creditworthiness n. 信贷价值，信贷信用crisis n. 危机，转折点critical adj. 关键的*criticalpathanalysis n. 关键途径分析法currency n. 货币，流通currentadj. 通用的，现行的Current account 往来账户，活期（存款）户current assets n. 流动资产current liabilities n. 流动负债customize v. 按顾客的具体要求制造（或改造等）；顾客化cut-throat adj. 残酷的，激烈的cut-pricea. 削价（出售）的CV(=curriculum vitae)n. 简历，履历cycle time n. 循环时间damages n. 损害，损失deadline n. 最后期限deal n. 营业协议，数量 v. 交易dealer n. 商人debit n. 借方，欠的钱 v. 记入账户的借方debt n. 欠款，债务to getinto debt 负债to be out of debt 不欠债to pay off a debt 还清债务debtorn. 债务人ageddebtors 长期债务人declare v. 申报，声明declinen./v. 衰退，缓慢，下降decrease v. 减少deduct v. 扣除，减去default n. 违约，未履行defect n. 缺陷defective adj. 有缺点的defer v. 推迟deferred payments n. 延期支付deficit n. 赤字delivery cycle n. 交货周期demand management n. 需求规划decorticated adj. 消极的，冷谈的deposit n. 储蓄，预付（定金）depot n. 仓库depreciate v. 贬值，（对资产）折旧depressingadj. 令人沮丧的deputy n. 代理人，副职，代理devalue v. 货币贬值（相对于其它货币）diet n. 饮食，食物，特种饮食differentiation n. 区分，鉴别dimensions n. 尺寸，面积，规模directv. 管理，指导director n. 经理，主管Managing Director n. 总经理direct costn. 直接成本direct mail n.（商店为招揽生意而向人们投寄的）直接邮件direct selling n. 直销，直接销售directory n. 指南，号码簿discount n. 折扣，贴现dismiss v. 让⋯⋯离开，打发走dismiss al n. 打发走dispatchn./v. 调遣displayn./v. 展出，显示dispose v. 安排，处理（事务）dispose of 去掉，清除distributionn. 分配，分发，分送产品diversify v. 从事多种经营；多样化divest v. 剥夺dividend n. 股息，红利，年息division n. 部门dog n. 滞销品down-market a./ad. 低档商品的down-time/downtime n. 设备闲置期DP(=Data Processing) n. 计算机数据处理，计算机数据处理部门dramatic adj. 戏剧性的drive 积极性，能动due adj. 应付的，预期的dynamic 有活力的earningsn. 工资, 收入efficiency n. 效率endorse v. 背书，接受engage v. 雇用entitle v. 授权entitlement n. 应得的权利holiday entitlement n. 休假权equity n. 股东权益equity capital 股本equities 普通股，股estimated demand n. 估计需求evaluate v. 估价，评价eventual adj. 最终exaggerate v. 夸张exceed v. 超过exhibitn. 展览，表现expenditure n 花费，支出额expense n. 费用，支出expense account n. 费用帐户expenses n. 费用，业务津贴expertise n. 专长，专门知识和技能exposure n公.众对某一产品或公司的知悉；广告所达到的观众总数facilities n. 用于生产的设备、器材facilities layout n. 设备的布局规划、计划facilitie s location n. 设备安置factoringn. 折价购买债券fail-safe system n. 安全系统feasibility study n. 可行性研究feedback n. 反馈，反馈的信息field n. 办公室外边，具体业务filen. 文件集，卷宗，档案，文件 v.归档fill v. 充任finance n. 资金，财政 v. 提供资金financial adj. 财政的financing n. 提供资金，筹借资金finished goods n. 制成品firmn. 公司fire v. 解雇fix v. 确定，使固定在fix up v. 解决，商妥fiscal adj. 国库的，财政的flagship n. 同类中最成功的商品，佼佼者flexibleadj. 有弹性的，灵活的flextime n. 弹性工作时间制flier(=flyer) n. 促销传单float v. 发行股票flop n. 失败flow shop n. 车间fluctuate v. 波动，涨落，起伏FOB, f.o.b n. 离岸价follow-upn. 细节落实，接连要做的事forecastv. 预测four P's 指 produce 、price 、place 、promotionframework n. 框架，结构franchise n. 特许经销权 v. 特许经销franchisee n. 特许经营人franchiser n. 授予特许经营权者fraud n. 欺骗freeb ie n.( 非正式的）赠品，免费促销的商品freelancen.& adj. 自由职业者（的）funds n. 资金，基金futures n.期货交易gap n. 缺口，空隙gearingn. 配称（即定息债务与股份资本之间的比率）gimmick n. 好主意，好点子goaln. 目标going adj. 进行的，运转中的going rate n. 产品的市场价格goods n. 货物，商品goodwill n. 声誉gopublic v. 首次公开发行股票grapple with v. 与⋯⋯搏斗，尽力解决grievance n. 申诉，抱怨grossadj. 总的，毛的gross margin n. 毛利率gross profit n. 毛利grossyieldn.毛收益graduallyadv. 逐渐地group n. （由若干公司联合而成的）集团grow v. 增长，扩大growthn. 增长，发展guaranteen. 保证，保单guidelinesn. 指导方针，准则hand in v. 呈送hand in one's notice 递交辞呈handle v. 经营hands on adj. 有直接经验的hard sell n. 强行推销hazard n. 危险，危害行为head n. 主管，负责healt h andsafety n. 健康和安全hedge n. 套期保值hidden adj. 隐藏的，不明显的hierarchyn. 等级制度，统治集团，领导层hire v. 雇用hire purchase n. 分期付款购物法hit v. 击中，到达holder n. 持有者holding company n. 控股公司hostile adj. 不友好的，恶意的HRD n. 人力资源发展部human resources n. 人力资源hype n. 天花乱坠的（夸张）广告宣传impact n. 冲击，强烈影响implement v. 实施，执行implicationn. 隐含意义incentive n. 刺激；鼓励incomen. 工资或薪金收入，经营或投资的收入earned income 劳动收入，劳动所得unearnedincome 非劳动收入，投资所得increment v. 定期增加incur v. 招致，承担indemnity n. 偿还，赔偿index n. 指数，索引retail price index 零售价格指数indirectcosts n. 间接成本induction n. 就职industrialadj. 工业的industrial action n. （罢工、怠工等）劳工行动industrial relations n. 劳资关系inefficiency n. 低效率，不称职inflate v. 抬高（物价），使通货等）膨胀inflationn. 通货膨胀infringe v. 违法，违章initial adj. 初步的innovate v. 革新input n. 投入insolvent adj. 无清偿力的installment n. 部分，分期付款insure v. 给⋯⋯保险，投保insurance n. 保险interest n. 利息，兴趣interest rate n. 利率interim n. 中期，过渡期间intermittent production n. 阶段性生产interview n./v. 面试intervieween. 被面试的人interviewern. 主持面试的人，招聘者introducev. 介绍，提出inventory n. 库存buffer inventory用于应付突发性需求的存货capacit y inventory用于将来某时使用的存货cycle inventory n. 循环盘存decouplin g inventory 保险性存货（以应付万一）finished goodsinventory制成品存货（盘存）pipelineinventory n. 在途存货raw materials inventory n. 原材料存货work-in-progressinventory在制品盘存（存货）invest v. 投资investment n. 投资investorn. 投资者invoice n. 发票 v. 给（某人）开发票irrevocableadj. 不可撤消的，不能改变的issue n. 发行股票rights issue n. 优先认股权IT=Information Technology 信息技术item n.货物，条目，条款job n. 工作job description 工作说明，职务说明job lot n. 一次生产的部分或少数产品job mobility 工作流动job rotation 工作轮换job satisfaction 工作的满意感（自豪感）job shop n. 专门车间jobbing n. 为一次性的或小的订货需求而特设的生产制度jointadj. 联合的joint bank account（几人的）联合银行存款账户journal n. 专业杂志jurisdiction n. 管辖（权）junk bonds n. 低档（风险）债券，垃圾债券junk mail n. （未经收信人要求的）直接邮寄的广告宣传just-in-time n. 无库存制度key adj. 主要的，关键的knockdown adj. （价格）很低的 know-how n. 专门技术label n. 标签，标牌 v. 加标签，加上标牌labor n. 劳动，工作，劳动力labor market 劳动力市场labor relations 劳资关系labor shortage 劳动力短缺launc h v. 推出一种新产品 n. 新产品的推出lay-off/layoff n./v. 临时解雇layout n. 工厂的布局lead v. 领先，领导lead time n. 完成某项活动所需的时间leaflet n. 广告印刷传单lease n. 租借，租赁物legal adj. 合法的lendv. 出借，贷款lessee n. 承租人lesser n. 出租人ledger n. 分类帐nominal ledger n. 记名帐purchaseledger n. 进货sales ledger n. 销货帐leverage n. 杠杆比率liability n. 负债liabilities n. 债务licensen. 许可证licensev. 许可，批准life cycle n. 寿命周期likel y adj. 可能的line process 流水线（组装）linkn. 关系，联系，环liquid adj. 易转换成现款的liquidate v. 清算liquidity n. 拥有变现力liquidati on n. 清理（关闭公司），清算liquidator n. 清算人，公司资产清理人listed adj. 登记注册的listing n. 上市公司名录literatur e n. （说明书类的）印刷品，宣传品litigate v. 提出诉讼loan n./v. 贷款，暂借logo n. 企业的特有标记losev. 亏损loser n. 失败者loss n. 损失lot n. 批，量loyalty n. 忠诚，忠实magazine n. 杂志，期刊mail shot n. 邮购maintain v. 维持，保持maintenance n. 维持，坚持major adj. 重大的，主要的，较大的majority shareholding 绝对控股make n. 产品的牌子或型号make-to-orderadj. 根据订货而生产的产品make-to-stock adj. 指那些在未收到订货时就已生产了的产品management n. 管理，管理部门middle management n. 中层管理人员senior management n. 高层管理人员managerialadj. 管理人员的，管理方面的manager n. 经理plant manager n. 工厂负责人line manager n. 基层负责人staff manager n. 部门经理助理management accounts n. 管理帐目 matrix management n. 矩阵管理management information system(MIS) n. 管理信息系统manning n. 人员配备manpower n. 劳动力manpower resources n. 劳动力资源manual adj. 体力的，人工的，蓝领的manufacture v. （用机器）制造manufacturer n. 制造者（厂、商、公司）manufacturing adj. 制造的manufacturing industry 制造业margin n. 利润gross margin n. 毛利率net marginn. 净利润mark-up v. 标高售价，加价market n. 市场；产品可能的销量down market adv./ adj. 低档商品地/ 的up market adj./adv. 高档商品的/ 地marketing mix n. 综合营销策略，指定价、促销、产品等策略的配合market leader n. 市场上的主导公司market niche n. 小摊位，专业市场的一个小部分market penetration n. 市场渗入market segmentation 市场划分market share n. 市场占有率，市场份额mass-marketing n. 大众营销术master production schedule n. 主要生产计划materia l requirements planning(MRP) n.计算生产中所需材料的方法materia ls handlingn. 材料管理，材料控制maximize v. 使增至最大限度、最大化 measure n. 措施，步骤 media n.新闻工具，传媒mass media 大众传媒（如电视、广播、报纸等）merchandising n. （在商店中）通过对商品的摆放与促销进行经营merge v. 联合，合并merger n. （公司，企业等的）合并 merit n. 优点，值得，应受method study n. 方法研究middleman n. 中间人，经纪人fu ll milkn. 全脂牛奶skimmed milk n. 脱脂乳minimize v. 使减至最小限度，最小化missionn. 公司的长期目标和原则mobility n. 流动性，可移性moderately adv. 中等地，适度地monopoly n. 垄断，独占mortgage n./v. 抵押motivate v. 激励，激发⋯⋯的积极性motivated adj. 有积极性的motivation n. 提供动机，积极性，动力motive n. 动机negotiate v. 谈判negotiable adj. 可谈判的，可转让的net adj. 净的，纯的network n. 网络niche n. 专业市场中的小摊位notice n. 通知，辞职申请，离职通知objective n. 目标，目的obsolete adj. 过时的，淘汰的，废弃的offer n. 报价，发盘offer v. 开价off-season adj./adv. 淡季的off-the-shelf adj. 非专门设计的off-the-peg adj. 标准的，非顾客化的opening n. 空位operate v. 操作，经营，管理operating profits 营业利润operations chart n. 经营（管理）表operation s schedulingn. 生产经营进度表opportunity n. 机会optimizev. 优化option n. 选择权shareoptionn. 期权organigramn. 组织图organization chart n. 公司组织机构图orientv. 定向，指引orientationn. 倾向，方向；熟悉，介绍情况outcome n. 结果outlay n. 开销，支出，费用outlet n. 商店a retail outlet 零售店outgoings n. 开支，开销outlined adj. 概括，勾勒的草图output n. 产量outsourc e v. 外购产品或由外单位制做产品outstanding adj. 未付款的，应收的over-demand n. 求过于供overdraf t n. 透支overdraf t facility 透支限额overdraw v. 透支overhead costs n. 营业成本overheads n. 企业一般管理费用overpay n. 多付（款）overtime n. 加班overviewn. 概述，概观owe v. 欠钱，应付p.a.(=per annum) n. 每年packaging n. 包装物；包装parent company n. 母公司，总公司part-time adj. 部分时间工作的，业余的participate v. 参加，分享partnership n. 合伙，合伙企业patent n. 专利pay n. 工资，酬金 v. 付钱，付报酬take-home pay 实得工资payrolln. 雇员名单，工资表peak n. 峰值，顶点penetrate v. 渗透，打入（市场）penetration n. 目标市场的占有份额pension n. 养老金，退休金perform v. 表现，执行performance n. 进行，表现工作情况performance appraisaln. 工作情况评估perkn. 额外待遇（交通、保健、保险等）personnel n. 员员工，人员petty cash n. 零用现金phase out n. 分阶段停止使用pick v. 提取生产用零部件或给顾客发货pickinglistn. 用于择取生产或运输订货的表格piechart n. 饼形图pilot n. 小规模试验pipeline n. 管道，渠道plantcapacity n. 生产规模，生产能力plot v. 标绘，策划plough back n. 将获利进行再投资point of sale(POS) n. 销售点 policy n. 政策，规定, 保险单 portfol io n. （投资）组合 portfol io management n. 组合证券管理post n. 邮件，邮局；职位 position n. 职位 potential n. 潜在力，潜势 power n. 能力purchasing power 购买力 PR=Public Relations 公共关系 preferenc e shares n. 优先股 price n. 价格market price 市场价，市价retail price 零售价probation n. 试用期 product n. 产品 productio n cycle n. 生产周期 productio n schedule n. 生产计划product lif e cyclen. 产品生命周期product mix n. 产品组合（种类和数量的组合） productive adj. 生产的，多产的profile n. 简介形象特征 profit n. 利润operating profit n. 营业利润profit and loss account n. 损益账户 project v. 预测 promote v. 推销promotion n. 提升，升级 proposal建议，计划n.prospectn. 预期，展望 prospectus n. 计划书，说明书 prosperity n. 繁荣，兴隆 prototype n. 原型，样品 publici ty n. 引起公众注意 public adj. 公众的，公开的 go public 上市public sector 公有企业 publicity n. 公开场合，名声，宣传 publics n. 公 众 ， （ 有 共 同 兴 趣 的）人或社会人士punctual adj. 准时的punctualityn. 准时purchase v. & n. 购买purchasern. 买主，采购人QC(=Quality Circle) n. 质检人员qualify v. 有资格，胜任qualifie d adj. 有资格的，胜任的，合格的qualification n. 资格，资格证明quality n. 质量quality assurance n. 质量保证quality control 质量控制，质量管理quarterl y adj./adv. 季度的，按季度questionnaire n. 调查表，问卷quote n. 报价，股票牌价quotation n. 报价，股票牌价Ｒ＆ＤResearch and Development 研究与开发Radicallyadv. 根本地，彻底地raise n. （美）增薪v.增加，提高；提出，引起range n. 系列产品rank n./v. 排名rapport n. 密切的关系，轻松愉快的气氛rate n. 比率，费用fixed rate 固定费用，固定汇率going rate 现行利率，现行汇率rating 评定结果ratio n. 比率rationalize v. 使更有效，使更合理raw adj. 原料状态的，未加工的raw material n. 原材料receive v. 得到receiptn. 收据receiver n. 接管人，清算人accountsreceivable 应收帐receivership n. 破产管理recession n. 萧条reckonv. 估算，认为recognize v. 承认reconcilev. 使⋯⋯相吻合，核对，调和recoupv. 扣除，赔偿recover v. 重新获得，恢复recovery n. 重获，恢复recruitv. 招聘，征募 n. 新招收的人员recruitmentn. 新成员的吸收redn. 红色in the red 赤字，负债reduce v. 减少reduction n. 减少redundant adj. 过多的，被解雇的redundancy n. 裁员，解雇reference n. 参考，参考资料referenc e number (Ref. No.) 产品的参考号码refund n./v. 归还，偿还regionn. 地区reimburse v. 偿还，报销reject n./v. 拒绝reliabilityn. 可靠性relief n. 减轻，解除，救济relocate v. 调动，重新安置remuneration n. 酬报，酬金rent v. 租 n. 租金rep（代表）的缩写report tov. 低于（某人），隶属，从属repositionv.( 为商品) 重新定位represent v. 代表，代理representative n. 代理人，代表reputationn. 名声，声望reputable adj. 名声/ 名誉好的reserves n. 储量金，准备金resign v. 放弃，辞去resignationn. 辞职resistancen. 阻力，抵触情绪respond v. 回答，答复response n. 回答，答复restorev. 恢复result/results n. 结果，效果retail n./v. 零售retailer n. 零售商retained earnings n. 留存收益retirev. 退休retirementn. 退休return n. 投资报酬return oninvestment (ROI) n. 投资收入，投资报酬revenue n. 岁入，税收review v./n. 检查reward n./v. 报答，报酬，奖赏rework v. （因劣质而）重作risk capital n. 风险资本rivaln. 竞争者，对手adj.竞争的rocketv.急速上升，直线上升，飞升ROIReturn on Investment 投资利润roughly adv. 粗略地round adj. 整数表示的，大约round trip 往返的行程royalty n. 特许权，专利权税run v. 管理，经营runningadj. 运转的sack v. 解雇sales force 销售人员sample n. 样品 v. 试验；抽样检验saturation n. （市场的）饱和（状态）saturate v. 饱和save v. 节省，储蓄savings n. 存款scale n. 刻度，层次scapegoat n. 替罪羊scare adj. 缺乏的，不足的scrap n. 废料或废品seasonaladj. 季节性的section n. 部门sector n. 部门securitiesn.债券及有价证券segment n. 部分 v. 将市场划分成不同的部分segmentation n. 将市场划分成不同的部门semi-skilled adj. 半熟练的settle v. 解决，决定settlement n. 解决，清偿，支付service n. 服务，帮佣servicesn. 专业服务settle 安排，支付v.set up v. 创立share n. 股份shareholder n. 股东shelf-lifen. 货架期（商品可以陈列在货架上的时间shift n. 轮班showroom n. 陈列室simulatio nn. 模拟shop n. 商店close d shop 限制行业（只允许本工会会员）open shop 开放行业（非会员可从事的工作）shop steward 工会管事shop floor 生产场所shortlist n.供最后选择的候选人名单 v.把⋯⋯列入最后的候选人名单 sick leave 病假sick note 病假条 sick pay 病假工资 skill ed employee n. 熟练工人 skimming n. 高额定价，撇奶油式定价 sloga n n. 销售口号 slump n. 暴跌a slump in sales 销售暴跌soft-sell n. 劝诱销售（术），软销售（手段）software n. 软件sole adj. 仅有的，单独的sole distributor 独家分销商 solven t adj. 有偿付能力的 sourcing n. 得到供货spare partn. 零部件 specificatio n n. 产品说明 split v. 分离spokesman n. 发言人 sponso r n. 赞助者（为了商品的广告宣传） spread n. （股票买价和卖价的）差额 stable adj. 稳定的 staff n. 职员stag n. 投机认股者 v. 炒买炒卖 stagnant adj. 停滞的，萧条的 statute 成文法n. statutory adj. 法定的steadi lyadv. 稳定地，平稳地stock n. 库存，股票stock exchange n. 证券交易所 stockbroker n. 股票经纪人stock controller 库房管理者 storage n. 贮藏，库存量 strate gy n. 战略 streamlin e v. 精简机构，提高效率 stress n. 压力，紧迫strike n. 罢工structuren. 结构，设备subcontractv. 分包（工程项目），转包subordinate n. 下级 adj. 下级的subscribe v. 认购subsidiary n. 子公司subsidize v. 补贴，资助subsidy n. 补助金substantiallyadv. 大量地，大幅度地summarize v. 概括，总结superior n. 上级，长官supervisor n. 监督人，管理人supervisoryadj. 监督的，管理的supply n./v. 供给，提供surveyn. 调查分析是分析一个SWOT analysis n.SWOT公司或一个项目的优点、弱点、机会和风险synergy n. 协作tactic n. 战术，兵法tailor v. 特制产品tailor made products 特制产品take on 雇用takeover n. 接管target n. 目标 v. 把⋯⋯作为目标tariff n. 关税；价目表task n. 任务，工作task force n. 突击队，攻关小队（为完成某项任务而在一起的一组人）taxn. 税，税金capital gains tax n. 资本收益税corporationtax n. 公司税，法人税income tax n. 所得税value added tax 增值税tax allowance 免减税tax avoidance 避税taxable 可征税的taxation征税tax-deductible 在计算所得税时予以扣除的telesales n. 电话销售，电话售货temporary adj. 暂时的temporary post 临时职位tendern./v. 投标territory n. （销售）区域tie n. 关系，联系throughput n. 工厂的总产量TQC(=Total Quality Control)n. 全面质量管理track record n. 追踪记录，业绩traden./v. 商业，生意；交易，经商balanc e of trade 贸易平衡tradin g profit 贸易利润inside r trading 内部交易trade mark 商标trade union 工会trainee n. 受培训者transaction n. 交易，业务transf er n./v. 传输，转让transformation n. 加工transparencyn. ( 投影用) 透明胶片treasurer n. 司库，掌管财务的人treasury n. 国库，财政部trend n. 趋势，时尚trouble-shooting n. 解决问题turnovern. 营业额，员工流动的比率staff turnover 人员换手率stock turnover 股票换手率undertake v. 从事、同意做某事undifferentiated marketing n. 无差异性营销策略uneconomical adj. 不经济的，浪费 unemployment n. 失业unemployment benefit n. 失业津贴 unit n. 单位unit cost n. 单位成本update v. 使现代up to date adj./adv. 流行的，现行的，时髦的upgrade v. 升级，增加upturn n. 使向上，使朝上USP唯一的销售计划vacancy n. 空缺vacant adj. 空缺的value n./v. 价值，估价valuation n. 价值value-added n. 增加值variable n. 可变物variation n. 变化，变更variety n. 多样化a variety of 多种多样的vary v. 改变，修改VATValue Added Tax 增值税vendor n. 卖主（公司或个人）venture n. 冒险，投机venue n. 地点，集合地点viable adj. 可行的viability n. 可行性vision n. 设想，公司的长期目标vocation n. 行业，职业vocational adj. 行业的，职业的wage n. （周）工资wage freezen. 工资冻结warehouse n. 仓库，货栈wealth n. 财富，资源wealthyadj. 富裕的，丰富的welfare n. 福利white-collar 白领阶层white goods n. 如洗衣机等用在厨房中的产品wholesalen./adj./adv. 批发wholesaler批发商wind up v. 关闭公司withdraw v. 拿走，收回，退出withdrawal n. 拿走，收回，退出wholesale n./a. 批发；批发的wholesale r n. 批发商work n. 工作working conditions n. 工作条件work-in-progress n. 工作过程workload n. 工作量work order n.（包括原料、半成品、成品的）全部存货总量work station 工作位置working capital n. 营运资本，营运资金write off v. 取消write-off n. 债务的取消yield n. 有效产量zer ozer o defectinventoryn. 合格产品n. 零存货。

11. Budget—预算an account of probable future income and expenditure during a stated, period, usu. a year used as a guide in making financial arrangements.2. Return—回报the gain from an investment, either as income or yield or as profit on the sale of the investment.3. Portfolio—证券投资组合the entire collection of investments in the form of stocks, bonds, or certificate of deposits for purposes other than controlling4. Royalty—专利税money paid to the owner of a copyright for permission to publish copyright material and to the owner of a patent for permission to use a patented design, usu. at a greed percentage of the selling price of the product.5. Expertise—专门知识expert knowledge or skill, esp. in a particular field; know-how.6. Licensor—认证颁发者a person or company granting a license.7. Patent—专利权a special right to an inventor to be the only person to make and sell, or to authorize others to make and sell a newly-invented machine or process.8. Non-tariff barrier—非贸易壁垒all forms of man-made obstructions to international trade other than tariffs, including prohibitions and quotas, etc.9. Turnkey contract—交钥匙工程one in which one of the parties agrees to supply, at the contract price, a complete product ready for use, such as a new home, factory, ship, etc.10. Franchise—经销权an arrangement by which a monopoly producer or owner gives another permission for the exclusive right to manufacture or sell the products in a certain area.21. Purchasing power—购买力of persons, the public, having the money to buy goods and services.2. Assess—估价to judge an amount or value.3. spur—刺激to urge or encourage4. average—平均of an ordinary, common or usual kind in quality or amount5. Productive—多生产producing in high efficiency or in large quantity6. tap—开发to take what is needed from, to exploit7. Infrastructure—基础设施large-scale public services, such as water and power supplies, road, rail and radio communications, etc. needed to support economic activity, esp. industry, trade and commerce.8. recipient—接受者a person or an organization etc. that receives something9. consumerism—消费主义considerable desire to make purchase for consumption10. PPP—购买力平价purchasing power parity31 liberalization—自由化of trade, the act of government in lifting controls over imports and exports2 integration—一体化combining into a whole3 tariff—关税tax levied by the customs4 barriers to trade—贸易壁垒any action by a government to limit or prevent the free flow of goods in and out of its country.5 mobility—流动性capacity that can move or be moved easily and quickly from place to place.6 detour—绕道route that voids a blocked road; deviation7 banknote—纸币printed paper money issued by a bank, usu. the country’s central bank.8 erode—侵蚀wear away, eat into9 envisage—想象picture(an event, action, etc) in the mind as a future possibility; imagine10 veto—否决权right to reject or forbid something41 affiliate—分支机构a subsidiary company controlled by another2 assets—资产total resources of a business, as cash, accounts receivable, real estates etc.3 world company—全球公司a multinational whose national identity has been blurred4 facilities—设施something designed, built or installed to serve a specific function or perform a particular service5 revenue—收益the total annual income of a state6 decentralize—使分权distribute the administrative powers over a less concentrated area7 nationalize—收归国有to bring under the control or ownership of a nation8 welfare—福利well-being9 framework—行为准则organization structure10 input—投资something that is put in business operation51 service—服务something done to help or benefit others2 abundant—大量的plentiful, more than enough3 specialization—专业化to restrict one’s economic activities to certain particular fields4 primary commodities—初级产品those commodities not processed, or only slightly processed, usually farm produce or raw materials5 incentive—刺激that which incites, rouses or encourages a person6 alternative—替代物that may be had, used etc. in place of sth. else7 intuitive—直觉relating to the power of the immediate understanding of something without reasoning or study8 efficient—有效的producing a desired or satisfactory result; able to perform duties well9 endowment—天赋a natural gift or ability10 exploit—利用to develop the use of, make the best use of61 drawback—退税duties paid on imported goods that are refunded when re-exported2 highlight—重视to make prominent; to draw special attention3 bulky—庞大taking a lot of space, and often of a shape difficult to handle4 perishable—易碎easily to go bad5 tariff—关税duties imposed on goods imported and exported6 specific duties—从量税duties levied on the basis of quantity, weight, size etc. of the goods7 ad valorem duties—从价税duties levied on the basis of the price of the goods8 unilaterally—单方面地done by one side or party only9 maritime—海上connected with the sea or navigation10 remittance—汇款money sent by post71 law suit—诉讼案件legal prosecution2 dispute—争端argument or controversy3 remedy—纠正method of putting right something that is wrong4 amendment—修正changes made to something5 Incoterms—贸易术语a set of international rules for the interpretation of trade terms6 present—提交submit7 premise—前提a tract of land including its buildings8 heading—标题category9 classification—分类the arrangement of things by groups10 carriage—运费the price or cost of transportation81 business line—商业领域goods dealt in by a company2 voluntary offer—主动发盘an offer made on the initiative of the offerer3 contract—合同an agreement setting forth the binding obligations of the relevant parties4 indispensable—必须物absolutely necessary5 contract proper—合同正文the main body of a contract6 contracting parties—缔约方signatories of an agreement7 force majeure—[不可抗力] social or natural calamities that take place beyond the control of a contracting party8 purchase contract—购买合同a contract made by the buyer9 firm offer—持盘an offer whose terms and conditions are binding on the offer10 offeree—受要约人the party to whom an offer is made91.popular—受欢迎的liked and admired2.hyperinflation—极度通货膨胀soaring of prices beyond control3.inflation—通货膨胀rise in prices brought about by the excess demand, expansionof money supply, credit etc.4.protectionism—贸易保护主义the theory of the system of developing homecountries through duties and other means imposed on competitive imports5.bilateral—双边的of two sides6.bundling—捆绑式销售the exchange of goods or services are tied together7.expertise—专门知识expert skill or knowledge8.creditors—债权人a person to whom one owns money9.transferable—可转移的possible to be handed over10.verified data—已证实的数据authentic materials101.debtor—债务人a person who owes money2.default—违约fail to carry out an obligation3.dubious—可疑的doubtful, uncertain, questionable4.draft—汇票an unconditional order to someone to pay a sum of money5.remittance—汇款the sending of money or the money sent6.fluctuation—波动irregular movement of (prices, exchange rates etc.)7.drawer—出票人the person who issues a draft, usually the exporter8.sound—健康合理financially satisfactory财政上满意9.ban—禁止prohibit, forbid10.drawee—受票人the person to whom a draft is drawn111.credit-worthiness—资信being believed or accepted by others as reliable in makingpayment2.substantial—大量的large, great, considerable3.constitute—组成make up; amount to; form4.applicant of an L/C—出口信用证the importer that goes to a bank for theestablishment of an L/C5.beneficiary—受益人the company that can make use of an L/C to get paid for itsexport6.discrepancy—不符difference; absence of agreement7.confirming bank—保兑行the bank that adds its own commitment to an L/C8.bill of exchange—汇票written order drawn by the beneficiary on the bank for thepurpose of payment9.underlying—作为基础forming the basis of10.reimburse—退款pay back to somebody for the expenses he has spent121.clean credit—光票信用证a credit that does not require shipping documents forpayment2.cancel—作废not to do something that has been arranged or decided upon3.leading bank—主要银行major bank, most important bank4.impeccable—完美的faultless5.insolvent—无力偿还的unable to pay debts6.sight credit—即期信用证a credit by which payment can be made uponpresentation of the draft7.maturity—到期becoming due8.after sight—见票之后after presentation of draft9.middleman—中间商trader through whom goods pass between the producer andthe consumer10.sustain—遭受suffer131.documentation—证明文件the presentation and use of shipping documents2.consignee—收货人the party in the bill of lading to whom the goods are shipped3.shipping marks—唛头what is printed on the outer packing of goods as symbol foridentification in the course of transportation4.discrepancy—不符absence of agreement5.liability—责任what one is responsible for according to law6.apparent—表明上according to appearance; seeming7.insurance policy—保险单a document used for covering possible risks8.discount—折扣amount of money that may be taken off the full amount9.title—抬头right to the possession of a position or property10.invoice—发票a document for the general description of the goods and the price141 alternative—供选择a choice from two or more possibilities.2 modes—运输方式different forms of transportation3 fundamental—极其重要的very important4 ownership—所有权legal right of possession5 intermediate products—中间产品semi-manufactures6 commercial intercourse—商业交流business dealings between individuals or firms7 unload卸货—getting goods off a carrier8 package—包装combination of related parts or elements accepted or rejected as a single unit9 distribution—分布the marketing, transporting, merchandising, and selling of any item10 destination—目的地the terminal to which goods are sent151 insured—被保险人a person covered by an insurance policy2 premium—保险费the amount paid by an insured for coverage under the contract3 potential loss—潜在损失loss which is possible to incur4 viability—能力ability to succeed in operation5 claim—索赔a payment demanded in accordance with an insurance policy6 margin—利润amount above what is estimated as necessary7 underwriter—保险公司a person who carries on insurance as a business8 consumption—消费the using up of goods and services having an exchangeable value9 compensation—赔偿金something given or received as an equivalent for loss10 pooling—联营a combination of funds formed for common advantage161 field—领域a sphere of activity2 incidence—发生occurrence3 multi-modal transportation—多式联运transport that combines road, rail, sea and air4 diminish—减少降低the right to collect from an endorser a payment of loss5 indemnity—赔偿compensation for loss6 subrogate—代为追偿to substitute a claim against one person for a claim against another person7 legal action—法律行动an action taken against someone in accordance with the law8 leader—领导者an insurer who is well-known in a particular class of business9 deposit—存款money paid as part payment that is owned10 compulsory—义务that must be done171 peg—钉住to keep fixed or unchanged2 redeem—兑换to repay or pay off, esp. loan stock, debentures and preference shares or stock3 settlement—结算the act of paying a bill, debt, charge, etc4 exchange rate—汇率the price at which one currency can be exchanged for another currency5 fluctuations—波动upward and downward movements in the economic system6 gold reserves—黄金储备量the stock of gold coin and bullion held by a note-issuing bank in a country on the gold standard.7 money circulation—货币流通money in the hands of the public and being used to pay for goods and services8 devaluation—货币贬值the act of a government in reducing by law the exchange value of its currency in units of gold or as compared with other currencies9 offset—补偿to set one value against another or as equal to another10 par—标准equal in value, on the same level181 affiliate—隶属a business concern owned or controlled in whole or in part by another concern2 institutions—体系an organization or establishment devoted to the promotion of a particular object3 productivity—生产力power of being productive4 loans—借贷something lent on condition of being returned, especially a sum of money lent at interest5 prerequisite—先决条件required as a condition for something else6 cyclical—周期循环recurring in cycles7 maturity—到期the time when a note or bill of exchange or a loan becomes due8 reserve—储备金money held aside to meet future demand9 investment—投资the act of putting money to use in something offering profitable returns10 stringent—严格的strict, that must be obeyed191 quota—配额a limit placed by a government on the amount of imports or commodity2 VER—自动出口限制an agreement by a country’s exporters o r government to limit their exports or government to limit their exports to another country3 acquisition—获得company expansion through the phrase of other business4 synergy—协同作用benefits from combining different business, normally claimed by the promoters of mergers5 rebate—减少reduce6 intellectual property—知识产权certain non-tangible assets held, principally covering the areas of patent protection, registered trade marks and designs, andcopy-right7 tax holiday—免税期a period of time during which tax is not levied8 return—收益the gain from an investment, either as income or yield or as profit on the sale of the investment9 access—使用权a way by which a place, esp. property, can be reached or entered or used10 joint venture—合资企业a business where the provision of risk capital is shared between two or more firms201 market place—市场a place in which securities are sold and bought2 securities—担保stocks and bonds3 gilts—金边债券stocks issued by government4 information—信息knowledge communicated or received concerning a particular fact or circumstance5 qualifications—资格证书competence6 membership—成员the state of being a member of a certain organization7 practitioner—从业者a person engaged in the practice of a profession or occupation8 cost-effective—成本效益好producing optimum results for the expenditure9 shortfall—差额deficiency10 equities—股本company stocks211 ratify—批准make an arrangement or a treaty officially valid by signing it.2 controversy—争论public argument about sth. which many people disagree with3 biennial—两年一次happening every alternate year4 clout—权利influence5 anti-dumping—反倾销one form of action which may be taken by a government to protect industries from unfair competition by which goods are sold at a price lower than in the country where they are manufactured6 mandate—授权authority given to perform a duty7 stillborn—死胎的(of a child) dead at birth; (of an idea or a plan) not developing further8 contracting party—缔约国a country or firm that signs a legal agreement9 akin to—类似的similar, related to10 optimal—最佳的best or most favorable221 terms of trade—贸易条件the relation of export and import prices2 preference—优先权a practical advantage given to one over others3 export earnings—出口收入money earned on the sales of goods to other countries4 provisions—食品a formal or explicit statement of conditions demanded5 tariffs—壁垒customs duties imposed by a government on imports or exports6 invisible—无形trade in services7 board—董事会an official group of persons who direct or supervise some activities ofa firm8 permanent—不变的lasting9 counterpart—副本，配对物a person or thing that closely resembles another in position or function10 forum—论坛an outlet for discussion of matters of interest to a given group1、国际贸易一般指不同国家的当事人进行的交易，它涉及到许多因素，因而此国内贸易要复杂得多。

商贸英语常用词汇翻译1.registered trademark注册商标2.maket quotation市场行情3.arbitral award仲裁裁决4.entertain a claim受理索赔5.sole / exclusive agent独家代理6.business standing商业信用7. sales confirmation销售确认书/合同8.preferential tariff特惠关税9. exclusive distribution独家经销10.bonded area保税区11.discrepant document不符单据12. underwriter承保人/保险公司13.insurance coverage保险范围14.exchange rate兑换率15.close an order决定成交16. under separate cover另外邮寄17. conclude a deal达成交易18.withdraw an offer撤销报价19.dishonor退票20.gross margin毛利1.enclosed literature 内附说明书2.down payment 预付定金3.instalment payment 分期付款4.pay on delivery 货到付款5.effect\cover\take out insurance办理保险，投保6.dismiss a claim 驳回索赔7.spot price 现货价格8.forward price 期货价格9.tax holiday 免税期10.find a ready market 畅销11.excute\implement a contract 执行合同12.tie up bunds 占压资金13.extend L/C 延长信用证14.amend L/C 修改信用证15.expiry date 到期日16.deferred payment 延期付款17.breach of contract 违约18.resort to arbitration 诉诸仲裁19.financial position 财务状况20.best-selling line 畅销货1.forwarding agent 运输代理人2.close account 结账3.interest-free loan 无息贷款4.export declaration 出口报关5.trade fiction 贸易摩擦6.improvement trade 加工贸易7.trade practice 贸易惯例8.clearance sale 清仓甩卖9.customs detention 海关扣留10.protest note 拒付通知11.tax avoidance 避税12.tax abatement 减税13.tax dodger 偷税人14. tax evasion 逃税，漏税15.tax heaven 免税地区，避税天堂1.full payment 全额付款2.account payment 应付款3.account receivable 应收款4.running account 流水账5.forwarder 承运人6.annual turnover 年营业额7.resort to litigation 诉诸诉讼8.invitation to bid 招标9.service charge 手续费10.back freight 退货运费。

商务英语中的常用缩写和词汇商务英语是全球范围内最为普及的语言之一，它是商务活动中必不可少的语言。

在商务英语中，有很多缩写和词汇被广泛应用，它们不仅可以缩短讲话和写作的时间，也有助于提高沟通效率和准确度。

在本文中，我们将介绍商务英语中常用的缩写和词汇。

一、缩写1. ASAP（As Soon As Possible）：尽快2. FYI（For Your Information）：供您参考3. ETA（Estimated Time of Arrival）：预计到达时间4. ETD（Estimated Time of Departure）：预计离开时间5. AKA（Also Known As）：又叫作6. CEO（Chief Executive Officer）：首席执行官7. CFO（Chief Financial Officer）：首席财务官8. CMO（Chief Marketing Officer）：首席营销官9. HR（Human Resource）：人力资源10. IT（Information Technology）：信息技术11. M&A（Mergers and Acquisitions）：并购12. OEM（Original Equipment Manufacturer）：原始设备制造商13. R&D（Research and Development）：研究与开发14. ROI（Return on Investment）：投资回报率15. B2B（Business to Business）：商业对商业16. B2C（Business to Customer）：商业对消费者17. CRM（Customer Relationship Management）：客户关系管理18. JIT（Just-In-Time）：准时生产19. KPI（Key Performance Indicator）：关键绩效指标20. P&L（Profit and Loss）：损益表二、词汇1. Agenda：会议议程2. Deadline：截止日期3. Feedback：反馈4. Memo：备忘录5. Minutes：会议记录6. Proposal：建议书7. Quotation：报价单8. Negotiation：谈判9. Partnership：合作伙伴10. Presentation：展示11. Sales：销售12. Strategy：战略13. Teamwork：团队合作14. Training：培训15. Advertisement：广告以上是商务英语中常用的缩写和词汇，它们用于各种商业场景，如会议、报告、谈判、合作等等。

常用商务英语术语1. 出口方面的词汇出口信贷export credit出口津贴export subsidy商品倾销dumping外汇倾销exchange dumping优惠关税special preferences保税仓库bonded warehouse贸易顺差favorable balance of trade贸易逆差unfavorable balance of trade 进口配额制import quotas自由贸易区free trade zone对外贸易值value of foreign trade国际贸易值value of international trade普遍优惠制generalized system of preferences缩略形式GSP最惠国待遇most-favored nation treatment 缩略形式MFNT2. 价格术语运费freight码头费wharfage总值total value卸货费landing charges关税customs duty印花税stamp duty净价net price含佣价price including commission港口税port dues回佣return commission .折扣discount, allowance目的港port of destination装运港port of shipment卸货港port of discharge 零售价retail price现行价格（时价）current price/ prevailing price进口许口证import license 出口许口证export license现货价格spot price期货价格forward price国际市场价格world (International)Market price 离岸价（船上交货价）FOB—free on board成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）C&F—cost and freight 到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF—cost, insurance and freight信用证letter of credit ( L/C)跟单信用证documentary credit光票信用证clean credit可撤销信用证revocable credit不可撤销跟单信用证irrevocabledocumentary L/C保兑信用证confirmed L/C不保兑信用证unconfirmed L/C 即期信用证sight letter of credit远期信用证usance letter of credit 可转让信用证transferable L/C不可转让信用证non-transferable L/C 循环信用证revolving credit备用信用证standby letter of credit 开证申请人applicant for the credit开证行the issuing bank通知行、转证行advising bank/ transmittingbank保兑行confirming bank 受益人beneficiary汇票bill of exchange 商业发票commercial invoice原产地证书certificate of origin 装箱单packing list提单bill of lading 保单insurance policy受益人证明书beneficiary’s certificate检验证书inspection certificate3、交货条件交货delivery轮船steamship(缩写S.S)装运、装船shipment租船charter (the chartered ship)交货时间time of delivery定程租船voyage charter装运期限time of shipment定期租船time charter托运人（一般指出口商）shipper,收货人consigneeconsigner班轮regular shipping liner驳船lighter油轮tanker舱位shipping space报关clearance of goods陆运收据cargo receipt提货to take delivery of goods空运提单airway bill选择港（任意港）optional port装运通知ship advice选港费optional charges立即装运immediate shipments即期装运prompt shipments收到信用证后30天内装运shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C不允许分批装船partial shipment not allowed / partial shipment not permitted / partial shipment not unacceptable选港费由买方负担optional charges to be borne by the Buyers 或optional charges for Buyers’account一月份装船shipment during January 或January shipment一/二月份装船shipment during Jan./Feb.或Jan./Feb. shipment在......(时间)分两批装船shipment during....in two lots在......(时间)平均分两批装船shipment during....in two equal lots分三个月装运in three monthly shipments分三个月，每月平均装运in three equal monthly shipments4、交易磋商、合同签订实盘firm (definite) offer虚盘non-firm (indefinite) offer发盘人offerer受盘人offeree询盘inquiry报价quotation递盘bid; bidding 递实盘bid firm还盘counter offer参考价reference price习惯做法usual practice交易磋商business negotiation有效期限time of validity 一般交易条件general terms and conditions 销售合同purchase contract 销售合同sales contract购货确认书purchase confirmation销售确认书sales confirmation需经卖方确认subject to seller’s confirmation需经我方最后确认subject to our finalconfirmation5、贸易方式寄售consignment拍卖auction招标invitation of tender投标submission of tender一般代理人agent总代理人general agent代理协议agency agreement累计佣金accumulative commission来料加工processing on giving materials来料装配assembling on provided parts 独家经营/专营权exclusive right 独家经营/包销/代理协议exclusivityagreement独家代理sole agency; sole agent; exclusive agency; exclusive agent6、品质条件品质quality原样original sample规格specifications复样duplicate sample商品目录catalogue对等样品counter sample标准standard type参考样品reference sample宣传小册pamphlet封样sealed sample货号article No.代表性样品representative sample7、商检仲裁索赔claim争议disputes罚金条款penalty仲裁arbitration不可抗力force Majeure仲裁庭arbitral tribunal品质检验证书inspection certificate of产地证明书certificate of originquality重量检验证书inspection certificate of商品检验局commodity inspection bureau weight (quantity)8、数量条件净重net weight容积capacity毛作净gross for net体积volume毛重gross weight溢短装条款more or less clause9、外汇外汇foreign exchange法定贬值devaluation外币foreign currency法定升值revaluation汇率rate of exchange浮动汇率floating rate硬通货hard currency软通货soft currency直接标价direct quotation间接标价indirect quotation金平价gold standard 金本位制度gold standard买入汇率buying rate卖出汇率selling rate固定汇率fixed rate纸币制度paper money system国际货币基金international monetary fund 黄金外汇储备gold and foreign exchange reserve汇率波动的官定上下限official upper and lower limits of fluctuation1、绝对优势（Absolute advantage）如果一个国家用一单位资源生产的某种产品比另一个国家多，那么，这个国家在这种产品的生产上与另一国相比就具有绝对优势。