华东理工大学大学英语3期末复习整理

华师网络教育_本科_大学英语3_期末复习资料阅读理解Passage 1Museums are places where collections of objects are preserved and displayed. The objects may be anything found in nature or made by man. There are museums devoted to art, science, history, industry, and technology. But museums are no longer just storehouses for collections. Today nearly all museums, large or small, carry on educational programs. Museums offer guided tours, lectures, films, music recitals, art lessons, and other attractions.Museums work constantly to improve their collections and ways of playing them. All museums arealways on the watch for new additions to their collections. Works of art are bought from art dealers and private collectors or at auction sales. Museums also accept gifts and bequests（遗物）, but the large museums no longer accept everything that is offered to them. They accept only objects or collections that meet their high standards.What is to be gained from visiting museums? Museums exhibits can teach us about the world in which we live-----the materials it is made of, the trees and plants that cover it, and the animals that have lived on it since its beginning. We can learn about the activities of man-----history anddevelopment and his accomplishments in arts and crafts.1. The first paragraph dealswith___D___.A. what museums preservesB. what kind of objects museums displayC. where museums obtain their objectsD. how museums function2. Which statement is not true? CA. Museums are not only storehouse for collections.B. Museums are places where you can learn something.C. Museums preserve and display only things found in nature.D. Museums carry on educational and research programs.3. Where do objects at museums usually come from? DA. From auction sales.B. From art dealers and private collectors.C. From gifts and bequests.D. All the above.4. The large museumsaccept___C___.A. everything offered to themB. all the gifts and bequestsC. only objects that meet their high standardsD. only things that small museums do not have5. The last paragraph is about___A__.A. the knowledge one gets from visiting museumsB. the things one can see in museumsC. the world and the people living in itD. museum collections from other landsPassage 2Cars of 2000 will travel the nation’s highways innever-before-dreams-of safety, comfort, and convenience. These cars will float along never touching the ground, and therefore will have no need for wheels.Annoying highway vibrations, caused by the rotations of thedisc-and-tire wheels, will be things of the past. The coming highway passenger cars will literally fly above the road, supported on columns of air compressed by turbine-driven fans.The car without wheels has been called a “flying car”, an d, in a sense, that’s just what it is; however, it will not back out of the family garage, start down the street, and then suddenly go quickly upward heading for some distant point. On the contrary, to avoid problems in aerial navigation, the wheel-less vehicle probably will travel no more than three inches above road surface. It will travel over fairly rough road andeven over smooth water.The inevitable problems of maritime regulations, severe weather conditions, and running out of fuel in remote areas all will require new concepts of operation, servicing, and vehicle regulation.6. The author believes that cars of the future__C___A. will be replaced by airplanesB. will have wheels unlike those of todayC. will use columns of air instead of wheelsD. will use wheels without tires7. Cars of the future will run__D___A. without annoying noiseB. without fuelC. much more smoothlyD. on a number of fans8. The car without wheels has been called a “flying car” because__B___ A. it travels a few inches above the groundB. it can fly as a plane doesC. it moves at a very high speedD. it can travel over smooth water9. Where is a wheel-less car least fit to travel? CA. over soft landB. over rough country roadsC. over highwaysD. over waterfalls10. Wheel-less cars will___D__A. eliminate all traffic problemsB. create new traffic problemsC. eliminate parking problemsD. both A and CPassage 3Students can travel in the United States without spending too much money if they follow these suggestions.A travel agent can give you information on special economy fares for trains, buses and planes. Think about hiking or biking for apart of your trip, too. You’ll not only save money, but you’ll also see a lot more of the country.Some students may want totravel by car. Be sure to think about going with other students—many colleges have “ride boards” that list when and where other students plan to travel. Many radio stations provide the same sort of service—theyannou nce who’s driving where, when, how many riders they will take and what the expenses will be.There are many inexpensive, older hotels near bus or train stations. Check your travel guide for names of the best. Many parts of the country also have youth hostels where young people can stay for only a few dollarsa night.You don’t have to eat in restaurants all the time, but we don’t recommend a diet of candy and cola, either. You can usually get a healthy, cheap breakfast in a restaurant. If the weather is warm, you can buy food in supermarkets or at roadside stands and have a picnic for lunch. For dinner you can get the names of good, cheap restaurants from travel guides or friends.11. The passage tellsstudents__C___.A. how to make travel plansB. how to get help while travelingC. how to use less money whiletravelingD. how to choose hotels12. To see more of the country, you’d better travel___D__.A. by planeB. by busC. by trainD. by bike13. If you want to share rides with others, you can getinformation__B___.A. on the blackboards in classroomsB. from school administratorsC. through certain radio programsD. from travel agents14. According to the passage, staying at youth hostels is___A__.A. cheapB. convenientC. comfortableD. enjoyable15. To save money, you can___C__.A. have more candy and colaB. invite your friends for a picnicC. take some food with youD. eat in restaurants sometimes答案：C D B A CPassage 1Reading newspapers has become an importan t part of everybody’s life.Some people read newspapers as the first thing to do in the morning. Others read newspapers as soon as they have free time during the day so that they can learn what is happening in the world.Sometimes, we do not have enough time to read all the news carefully, so we just take a quick look at the front page. At other times, we may be in such a hurry that we only have a few minutes to look at the headlines of the passages.Newspapers can be found everywhere in the world. We can get many different kinds of newspapers in big cities, but some mountain villages we can see few newspapers.Some newspapers are publishedonce a week, but most of the papers are published once a day with many pages, some even published twice a day! You know different people enjoying reading different newspapers. Some like world news, and other prefer short stories. They just choose what they are interested in.Today newspapers in English have the largest number of readers in the world. The English language is so popular that many Chinese students are reading English newspapers such as China Daily or 21st Century. Also they bring us more and more information with Internet.1. People read newspapers in orderto BA. learn the latest newsB. meet their own different needsC. read the short storiesD. find the morning news2. From the passage we can see that when people get newspapers. BA. they read them very carefullyB. they just read the headlineC. not everyone reads all the pagesD. they have no time to read them3. News papers have so many pages because . BA. more and more people like to read themB. people enjoy reading something differentC. newspapers become cheaperD. more pages mean more money4. Newspapers are the most popular in the world. AA. in EnglishB. in ChineseC. in other languagesD. with many pages5. According to the passage, besides newspapers, people also get information from . DA. magazinesB. advertisementsC. e-mailsD. InternetPassage 2If there is any single factor that makes for success in living, it is the ability to profit by defeat. Every success I know has been achieved because the person was able to analyze defeat and actually profit by it in his next undertaking. Confuse defeat with failure, and you are doomed indeed to failure, for it isn’t defeat that makes you fail: it is your own refusal to see in defeat the guide and encouragement to success.Defeats are nothing to be ashamed of. They are routine incidents in the life of every man who achieves success. But defeat is a dead loss unless you do face it without feeling ashamed, analyze itand learn why you failed. Defeat, in other words, can help to cure its own cause. Not only does defeat prepare us for success, but nothing else can arouse within us such a compelling desire to succeed. If you let a baby grasp a rod and try to pull it away, he will cling more and more tightly until his whole weight is suspended. It is this same reaction that should give you new and greater strength every time you are defeated. If you fully use the power which defeat gives, you can accomplish it far more than what you are capable of.6. The author _____D_____.A. orders you to analyze defeatB. wants you to face defeatC. advises you to let a baby grasp a rodD. warns you not to confuse defeat with fail7. Defeat is valuable _____C_____.A. because it is a factorB. because it isn’t defeat that makes you failC. because it provides the guide and encouragement to successD. because it is not a thing to be ashamed of8. What does the author know?_____B______.A. He knows every success in lifeB. He knows the factor making forsuccessC. He knows every man who is able to analyze defeatD. He knows the life of every man9. The person who was able to analyze the defeat is likely_____C______.A. to be a successorB. to face it with feeling ashamedC. to achieve successD. to be ashamed of it10. What does the author advise one to do with the power which defeat gives? One should __A___.A. explore itB. explain itC. let a baby grasp a rodD. learn it答案：D C B C APassage 3Why don’t birds get lost on their long flights from one place to another? Scientists have puzzled over this question for many years. Now t hey’re beginning to fill in the blanks.Not long ago, experiments showed that birds rely on the sun to guide them during daylight hours.But what about birds that fly by night? Tests with artificial stars haveproved that certain night-flying birds are able to follow the stars in theirlong-distance flights.A dove had spent its lifetime in a cage and had never flown under a natural sky. Yet it showed an inborn ability to use the stars for guidance. The bird’s cage was placed under an artificial star-filled sky. The bird tried to fly in the same direction as that taken by his outdoor cousins. Any change in the position of the artificial stars caused a change in the direction of his flight.But the stars are apparently their principal means of navigation. When the stars are hidden by clouds, they apparently find their way by such landmarks as mountain ranges, coast lines, and river courses. But when it’s too dark to see these, the dovescircle helplessly, unable to find their way.11. The reaso ns why birds don’t get lost on long flights _____B____. A. have been known to scientists for yearsB. have only recently been discoveredC. are known by everyoneD. will probably remain a mystery12. During daylight hours, birds_____C____.A. fly aimlesslyB. rely on landmarksC. use sun for guidanceD. are more likely to get lost13. By “his outdoor cousins” the author means ____B_____.A. other experimentersB. the other doves of the same broodC. doves under the natural skyD. other birds in general14. The experiment with the dove indicated that _____D____.A. birds have to be taught to navigateB. a bird that has been caged will not fly long distanceC. some birds cannot fly at nightD. some birds seem to follow the stars when they fly at night15. In total darkness, doves____B_____.A. use landmarksB. don’t know which way to flyC. fly back homeD. wait for the stars to appearPassage 1Today a pilot is totally dependent on what the air traffic controller on the ground tells him. He can not see enough to be safe. Flightwatch is an instrument intended to help him.On a screen in front of the pilot, there will be a map of the airspace around the plane. The pilot’s own flight level or height and his own plane at the centre of the screen will show up. On the map any other planes in the airspace will appear asblobs （点状）of light with “tails” showing the direction of their flight. The flightwatch map is unusual, for the other planes are not shown at their true ranges （范围）, but at their distance away in flying time. That gets over the problem of fast planes being too far away to be seen but likely to make contact in seconds and slow planes that are close enough to be seen but so slow that there’s no chance of contact for, say, ten minutes.The pilot will be able to see on the screen whether another plane’s course conflicts with his own. The screen will show him the flight number of the other plane, so he cancontact air traffic control and ask them about the other plane’s course, then he can take avoiding action if necessary. The screen will show him whether his action puts him in danger from yet another aircraft.Technically, the system will be quite complex. Computers will be necessary on the ground and in each aircraft to enable flightwatch to collect data about the planes’ courses and to calculate the distances between planes. But such small computers are now quite cheap, simple and reliable.1. A pilot is dependent on ____C___ for his safe flight.A. flightwatchB. the air traffic controller in the planeC. the command of the air controller on the groundD. the pilot himself2. _____C_____ can help the pilot to keep contact with the air traffic controller.A. a computerB. the screenC. flightwatchD. t he passage dosen’t mention it3. The flightwatch is ___D______ to use.A. quite simpleB. quite complexC. expensiveD. not mentioned4. the main components of the flightwatch are _____A_____.A. a screen and certain computersB. computersC. a flightwatch map and small computersD. blobs and tails5. The computers are ____C_____.A. largeB. neither large nor smallC. smallD. not mentionedPassage 2For most people, life is easier and more comfortable than ever before. Convenience foods from the supermarket simplify shopping and cooking. Household appliances like the vacuum cleaner and the washing machine have taken the drudgery out of housework. Released from these household chores, many wives have found jobs outside the home. Women are achieving economic independence.Families, too, are simpler today. In America, it is not customary for parents to live with their married children. With our greater mobility, relatives have scattered, the parents retiring to Florida or Arizona and the young people, after they marry,going wherever their jobs or their parents or their interests take them.Young adult women have new freedom, too. While attending college, they often live away from home, sometimes far from their parents or their relatives. After college, they move to the city, find a job, and set up a ‘bachelor’ apartment. This is the era of women’s liberation.But all this freedom and affluence have had an unforeseen and in some respects a devastating effect on marriage.6. In the U.S. , families are becoming __B___.A. biggerB. smallerC. easierD. freer7. Why are women able to achieve economic independence? ___B____ A. Because they have their own salary.B. Because convenience foods are available.C. Because they are free away from drudgery.D. Because they attending college.8. Hard housework was taken away by ___D___.A. liberated womenB. retired parentsC. supermarketsD. modern equipment9. Which of the following statements is not true according to the text?__D__.A. Women’s liberation has made it possible for them to study.B. Comfortable life adversely influences marriage in America.C. Adults can go wherever they want.D. Women prefer to be bachelors.10. The text implies that the author __D___.A. highly praises the liberation of womenB. heartily enjoys this freedom andaffluenceC. strongly recommends such kind of social lifeD. greatly worries about the bond of marriagePassage 3Ever since I was very small, I have had the sense that I ought to be somewhere else. I remember watching trains flash by and wishing I was on board. I remember going to the airport with my parents when I was 13 and reading the destinations board, seeing all the places that I could go to: Los Angeles, Chicago, London.But the trains passed by and theplanes took off without me, so I wandered the world through books. I went to Victorian England in the pages of Middlemarch and A little Princess, and to St. Petersburg before the fall of the tsar （沙皇）with Anna Karenina.My home was in a pleasant place outside Philadelphia. But I really lived, somewhere else. I lived within the covers of books. In books I traveled, not only to other worlds, but into my own. I learned who I was and whom I wanted to be, what I might achieve, and what I might dare to dream about my world and myself.I travel today in the way I once dreamed of traveling as a child---on airplanes and trains. And the irony isthat I don’t care fir it very much. I am the sort of person who prefers to stay at home, surrounded by family, friends, books. The only thing I do like about traveling is the time on airplanes spent reading.It turns out that when my younger self thought of taking wing, she wanted only to let her spirit soar. Books are the plane, and the train, and the road. They are the real destinations, and the journey too. They are home.11. What did the writer do as a curious child? ____C___A. She visited Victorian England and Tsarist Russia.B. She flew to Los Angeles, Chicagoand London with her parents.C. She read all kinds of books.D. She spent lots of time traveling on trains.[解析] 由文中二、三段的叙述可知，作者是借助书籍神游世界，来满足自己的好奇心的。

第一部分，交际英语 1、 2、28、29、3031、33、34、35‘2011.1if I open the window for a better view? 51. hello, sally. how ’s everything ? just so-so52. excuse me, would you lend me your calculator? Certainly. here you are53. what kind of tv program do you like best? It ’s hard to say, actually 54. could you tell me where ke is? At the office 55. what would you like, tea or coffee? Coffee, please 56. well, mary, how are you? I’m fine. 57. let ’s take a walk. Yes, let ’s58. I think the internet is very helpful. Yes, so do I59. hello, could I speak to Don please? Who ’s speaking.60. what kind of tv program do you like best? It ’s hard to say, actually.61. what subjects are you studying? I’m studying philosophy. 62. which language do you speak at home? English, most of the time .63. must we hand in our homework now? no, you needn ’t. 64. do you think the exam will be put off? Not likely65. in my opinion , you ’d better take a couple of days off. I’ll take your advice66 .She has lived here for three years 67. I have given up eating meat68. He is the man whose dog bit me 69 Those cakes look nice can I have one70. She keeps talking when I am watching tv 71. I prefer the tv to the radio72. Ican do that job by myself 73. Next year, I plan to go to Italy74. The road was built last year 75 .She has brought up two children by herself76. I broke my leg when I was skiing in America77. My father would take me to work with him when I was a child 78. I’m in Greece at the moment. I like the weather here 79. I’m tired. I have been working very hard 80. I am leaving for new York in three days’time 81. The bedroom needs decorating 82 .We have our office cleaned every day by a cleaner 83. That place is in the south of the city 84. It’s very conveninent living here85.She likes to spend time playing with her grandchildren 86. The majority of people agree with him 87. 87. He has written four successful books88. I have lived here since 1997 89. 89. The policeman was attacked with a knife90.The blue whale is the largest animal in the world 91.Could you please pay me in advance92.Exercise every day for 20 minutes 93.If he was fitter,he would live longer94.I have spent a lot of time working on this problem 95.My car was being repaired when it was stolen96. .When I was a child,we had to wear a uniform for school 97.If I get the new job , I will buy a better car98.I stopped smoking last year 99. I prefer tea to coffee100. By the end of this year , I will have saved enough money for a holiday101. She comes from the people’s republic of china102. A new hotel is being built in the centre of town at the moment 103. I have already finished the report104. Given the high price, it’s not surprising they didn’t buy it 105. The problem is caused by pollution 106. You ought to exercise more107. She was convicted of murder108. If you go by car , you’ll get there within 40 minutes 109. I asked her to marry me and she agreed 110. You like playing football, don’t you?第二部分 词汇与结构1. It ’4.the Olympic Games begin about ten years in8作业1)12. I know it isn’t important but I can’t help 13. That’s all settled. It_14.when she was very young , so she16. Don’t worry. There is17.—What’s happened to Tom? —18. I don’t suppose he will attend the meeting, 20. N ot only I but also Jane andhaving oneexamination after another.fineweather it is! 21. —作业2) —22. What a fool I have been!24. You musthow theythe experiment.It’s not interesting at all.26.a difference language andmuch attention.Can I get you acouple of tea? —her just now.作业3)team members triedtheir best. We lost thegame,news by telephone.night. 36. Before I got the cinema, the film37. The patient40. Let case carefully beforeI draw a 41.’o clock.42. He goes to schoolby bike, and_takes half an hour.’s illness.52. Let’60. all your moneyin the first week isnot a sensible’m unable to help you.’s Republic of China.（unit 6）72. I haveeating meat.73. He is the dog bit me..myself.78. Next year,plan togo to Italy.79.The last year.83. I ’84. I’s’time.89. It ’majority of people agree with him.103.I year. 104. Iprefer coffee.105. By the end of this year, Ia holiday.’s Republic of China.109. Given the highprice, it ’s not surprising they didn ’t buy it.110. The problem isby pollution.113. She was convictedmuder.114. If you go by ar, you ’115. I2010.1118. He is the manteam members tried their best. We lost the game,．120. Are you still here? You were here half an hour ago. Who areyou waiting for? 121．一What’s happened to Tom?to hospital. 122. majority of people agree with him.124. I'm tired.？ 2011.1129.Which dolike real movies cartoons ？ Iprefer cartoons _(to)__ real movies.131. —What’s happened to Tom?—to hospital.141. When I was a child, wewear a uniform for school.144.recovered. 2009.7he said is quite right.’o clock. 147. The roadbuilt last year.’ time.149. Letcase carefully beforeI draw a conclusion.150. We have our officeevery day by a cleaner. 151. Don’troom for all your books here. 153. Given the highprice, it ’s not surprising they didn ’t buy it.1.the next train to Beijing is due here at 3’o clock.2.he goes to school by bike, and the journey takes half an hour.3.that is the dog whose name is herry.4.he has been working in the laboratory the whole morning.5.the play had already started when we got to the theatre.6.those cakes look nice. Can I have one ?7.we need to repair the machine.8.when was the building completed ?9.she was very concerned about her mother ’s illness. 10.who is responsible for breaking the window? 1.he is very keen on football. 2.let ’s go to the cinema, shall we ? 3.he asked me where I came from.4.the teacher told me off for being late for class.5.he was over the moon about his new job.6.are you still here? You were here half an hour ago. Who are you waiting for?7.what I enjoy most is that I can have a holiday from work. 8.you ought to exercise more.9.they have been driving for hours.10.spending all your money in the first week is not a sensible strategy.1.he is looking forward to writing his thesis.2.i asked her to marry me and she agreed.3.you like playing football, don ’t you?4.exercise every day for 20minutes.5.if he was fitter, he would live longer.6.i regret to say that I’m unable to help you.7.i have given up eating meat.8.she comes from the people ’s republic of china. 9.the boy has been taken to school already. 10.most of these children know the answer.第三部分：完形填空完形填空（P. 87书里重点）1、for’a computer every day!完形填空（p.172书里重点）2、A surveywas carried out last the British Medical Association, an organisation ofthan one mile apeople are going to the people are walking .threeand people fitter because not exercise is many完形填空（p.281书里重点）3、More and more people_have to install burglar alarms in their houses if theywant to get insurance. Insurance companieshave been asking people in certain areas to install the alarms before they will give them insurance for the past year.This isdue to increasing crime in some parts of the country. This can be a problem for people whoare struggling to make 空 ends meet. The alarms,which can be very expensive,need to installed by an electrician.It isestimatedthat 20%of homes have alarms installed, and that another 20%of people plan to have them installedbut have notinstalled them yet.The insurance companies told people to install the alarms on all doors and windows.完形填空4、for classical ballet, so shepop She andShe says, “When I decided to do the roundmonth journey.”完形填空5 (2011.1考题)food and to restrict the hard-new study suggests the Government should encourage more people (25)完形填空6.to ensure that their healthdoes not their time the air orthe areas you are travelling (19)because they may take time to effective. Be sure that the information on health is Don’t go to bed late the day (to a new time zone. There are －－ － Drink as much water as you can; － －完形填空7s under the Sea”. (A “league” is an old about three miles.) In those days submarines (潜水艇) had not beenNemo, and his men have many strange thingsbook, “Around the World in Eighty Days”, the hero, may seem In all his books Jules Verne used his scientific knowledge 24 his imagination inhe was wrong, of course, but often the accuracy完形填空8say ,”How do you do?”it is another greeting such as “How do you do?” or “Hello ” or “I ’m veryYou don ’ someone ’–thema bottle of wine.If you do not know the host well, don ’last person to leave. ’t like to talk about personalare the weather, holidays, weekend activities,architecture, ’them. .完形填空9world's largest two-wheel market. But because therepeople's incomes, the roads are full of a whole variety of (18)all kinds of in citycountry lanes. Cars,which the 完形填空10 (2009.7试题)Theancient Olympic Gamespart of a religious festival in honour (Greek godIn theancientprizes worth large of money. In fact the word “ athlete ” is an ancient Greek word,“ one who competes a prize ”.) in 1896. It was )a village called Marathon was brought tofrom the village of Marathon to the capital. 26 miles was 第四部分：阅读理解阅读理解1（书里重点）阅读理解2（书里重点）2011.1试题1、 Sarah got the cats B.after she moved into the house2、 Sarah thinks o is a boy3、 Mamma was named “Mamma ”because_C. they think she is Milo ’s mother4、Milo and Mamma were A.free5、Milo is not very fit because B.he was a stray阅读理解3（书里重点）1、East London has C. always been a home for immigrants2、Immigrants are attracted by B. jobs3、London ’s docks were B. in East Londo4、East London C. used to be a cheap place to live5、People are attracted to East London because A. it has good transport links阅读理解4 An Extraordinary Change of Direction1. What does the word “extraordinary” mean in the title?阅读理解52. “Some” in “Some still exist today” means _________.阅读理解.3 PAT the Dog1.Which of the following statement is TEUH according to the passage?B. Only some spec dogs can help the patients feel better.3. The first sentence of para. 2 suggests play with a pet4. The dog helps Alan do the following EXCEPT D. She picks up the phone for her 5. The sentence ‘when was goung to a comma that C. when I fell down on the floor阅读理解71. The author ’saying hello when passing 3. According to the author, the more connected we get in communications technology, the ___________ we are. C. more disconnected4. What are the examples the author gives to explain his idea that every advance in communications technology is a setback to the closeness of human interaction? D. All of the above.阅读理解81. The main cause of pollution is _A .the release of artificial or natural substances into the environment2. Much of the pollution could be controlled if only C. all sides concerned would make more efforts3. Food packages, bottles and tins for drinks can cause B. both a litter problem and a waster of resources4. Which of the following can not help solving the problem of pollution? B. Eating.5. What does the underlined word “litter” mean in paragraph 2? C. bits of waste things阅读理解91．Why does the writer think that Benjamin Disraeli ’s statement is an understatement?Because he thinks London is _________.D a miniature world thanks to its great cultural diversity2. London is regarded as the most culturally diverse city in the world due to the following facts EXCEPT that _________.D. many young people are immigrants from different backgrounds3. Ethnic minority groups will make up of the London population in the future. B. 40%4. The last paragraph mainly tells us in London ______.D. young people feel at ease with a large number of diversified cultures5. The passage mainly deals with _____.C. the cultural diversity in London阅读理解101. This passage mainly focuses on __.A. how to avoid the crimes both at home and in the street2. If you want to guarantee you are secure at home, you should _________. B. never leave the keys to workmen since they can easily make copies3. Based on the passage, if you notice someone following you, it ’s better for you to _________.B. go to public places4. Why should you have a telephone in the bedroom?C. Because it ’s convenient for us to report to the police in case there is a burglary.5. From the passage, we can infer that we might be victims if _________.A. we cannot part with the money when being attacked阅读理解111、According the passage ，when Anna was a child ，a woman’s responsibility3. What does ‘take after ’mean in the first sentence of Para 。

高三英语期末复习知识点归纳2024引言随着学期末的临近，高三学生即将迎来重要的期末考试。

本文旨在为学生提供一个全面的英语知识点归纳，帮助他们系统地复习，确保在考试中取得优异的成绩。

第一部分：语法知识点1. 时态与语态归纳不同时态的构成和用法总结被动语态的识别和运用2. 从句引导词的分类和选择名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的用法3. 非谓语动词动名词、不定式、分词的用法区别非谓语动词作主语、宾语、定语和状语的例句4. 虚拟语气虚拟语气在条件句中的使用虚拟语气在其他从句中的应用第二部分：词汇知识点1. 高频词汇列出本学期的高频词汇提供高频词汇的例句和搭配2. 词根词缀介绍常见的词根和词缀分析词根词缀对词汇记忆的帮助3. 习语与搭配归纳常用的英语习语总结固定搭配和短语动词第三部分：阅读理解1. 阅读技巧快速阅读和精读的策略如何寻找文章的主旨大意2. 题型解析细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题的解题方法如何根据上下文推断词义第四部分：写作技巧1. 作文结构介绍常见的作文结构如何构建清晰的论点和论据2. 写作句式总结高分作文的常用句式提供多样化的表达方式3. 写作练习推荐练习题目和写作素材分析写作中常见的错误和改进方法第五部分：听力理解1. 听力技巧听力预测和关键词捕捉如何根据上下文推断听力材料的含义2. 题型应对对话理解题和短文理解题的解题策略提高听力选择题正确率的方法第六部分：口语表达1. 发音纠正常见发音错误的纠正强调语音语调的重要性2. 口语练习推荐口语练习话题分享提高口语流利度和准确性的技巧结语通过本知识点归纳，高三学生可以更有针对性地进行期末复习。

我们相信，结合本归纳的内容和方法，学生能够在期末考试中取得优异的成绩，为高考打下坚实的基础。

2021届上海华东理工大学附属中学高三英语期末考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen the weather is bad or when the flu breaks out, we can let the kids do some fun things at home, which can be beneficial to kids.Reading out loudIf your children are young enough, don't forget to read books to them out loud! Few children dislikehaving a good book read to them, and it's great for the development of their brains. However, if your children are a bit older and have moved onto more advanced books, there is always the choice of listening to an audiobook. This can also be done while they're doing something else.Playing board gamesMaybe your children's table is full of board games, which have been forgotten for a long time. It's a good time to bring them out when playing outside is no longer a choice. Surely, playing board games is a great way to connect with children. In addition, many board games are designed to get children thinking!Having a dance partyConsidering that all you need is a speaker or maybe just a phone, you can have a dance party wherever you are! This is a great way to get kids’ bodies moving when they are inside. Play some of your children's favorite music and let them dance to it. Not only is it good exercise, but it will help your children feel time is flying!Doing jigsaw (拼图) puzzlesFor most people that have children, it's common to have at least one jigsaw puzzle at home. Jigsaw puzzles are great because everyone can do them on their own time. Besides, your whole family will have a sense of achievement when everyone is smiling over the finished product.1. What do reading out loud and playing board games have in common?A. They both develop children's team spirit.B. They both improve children's listening ability.C. They both do good to children's thinking ability.D. They both focus on interaction between children.2. Which of the following combines exercise and music?A. Reading out loud.B. Playing board games.C. Doing jigsaw puzzles.D. Having a dance party.3. What is the purpose of the text?A. To list four interesting children's parties.B. To recommend four children's favorite books.C. To introduce some activities for children inside.D. To show some funny things for children outside.BJerry Lawson had a love of science and invention from a very young age. And, with the support of his family and teachers, he took that love and helped change the world for billions of people, when he invented the modem video game cartridge.Both of Jerry's parents supported his love of science and invention. His father, a longshoreman, was a science fan and encouraged Jerry to always experiment with things. Jerry's first-grade teacher helped encourage him on his path to be someone influential similar to George Washington Carver, a great AfricanAmerican inventor. His first love in school was chemistry but he ended up liking electronics（电子学）even more.He earned an amateur ham radio license at age 13 and built his own radio station in his room, with an antenna hanging out of his window! Jerry earned money from fixing television sets, visiting people's homes for inhouse repair, and also working at local electronics stores. Jerry also made walkie-talkies and sold them to other kids. He spent many Saturdays at an electronics store that had all of the parts he needed for his inventions. He would use his small allowance and money he earned to buy parts to help fuel his inventions.When he was a young adult, Jerry joined Fairchild Semiconductor as an engineer. During this time, he created his own video arcade game（街机游戏），Demolition Derby, in his garage.A few years later, Jerry was asked to work on a secret project. Not even his boss was allowed to know what he was doing! What it turned out to be was that he was designing the Fairchild Channel F video gameconsole（游戏控制器）and leading the team that invented the video game cartridge. This was the first of its kind and enabled kids around the world to affordably play video games at home.Just like with automobiles，many advances have occurred since the inventionof video games. Video games are now one of the biggest forms of entertainment in the world. But all of this would not have been possible without the vision, passion, and skill of Jerry Lawson and his learn.4. How did Jerry earn money when he was a teenager?A. By running his radio station.B. By selling television sets.C. By repairing things for others.D. By making electronic parts.5. Before Jerry's secret project, playing video games at home was_____.A. expensiveB. harmfulC. commonD. tiring6. What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph?A. Jerry Lawson and his team can be more skillful.B. Jerry Lawson is important to the game industry.C.Many advances have taken place in the automobile industry.D. Video games are now the most popular form of entertainment.7. What can be the best title for the text?A. Video Gaming-An Important IndustryB. Game Console-Key to Home Video GamesC. Jerry Lawson-Father of Modern GamingD. Support and Encouragement-Necessary for SuccessCTo stay healthy and fit, Chinesestudents do group exercises every day at school. Most of you probably do the same set of exercises. But some school exercises have grown popular online due to their local and innovative designs.Singing in Sichuan dialects with energetic movements and unique mask-changing is not just a Sichuan Opera performance. It’s the routine exercise for students of Mianyang Foreign Languages Experimental School in Sichuan province.“Sichuan Opera is a local opera, and it is now facing a gap in inheritance (传承). Therefore, we cooperated with Mianyang Intangible Cultural Heritage Center to create a simple and easy-to-learn Sichuan Opera exercise,” said Shen Junhua, who is in charge of organizing the school’s exercise between classes.According to Shen, this new type of exercise has been practiced since 2017 and has been popular among students. When students enroll (入学), they will spend several weeks practicing it. At present, almost all of the students and teachers have mastered it.“In fact, we had hardly heard of Sichuan Opera before teachers taught us how to do the Sichuan Opera exercise,” said Li Yangwenwen, 14, an eighth grade student who also joined the school’s Sichuan Opera club out of interest. “It’s very different from normal exercises. After practicing it, we found it very beautiful and becameinterested in it. Now, almost all of the students look forward to our daily exercise time and feel excited to do it.”“By combining opera with daily exercise, the daily class activity allows students to perceive and understand Sichuan Opera’s culture”, Shen said. “After years of continuous effort to spread the seeds of traditional culture, the younger generation is finally catching on.”8. What do students in Shen’s school do during the group exercise?A. They do normal exercise .B. They sing pop songs in Sichuan dialects.C. They do mask-changing in a Sichuan Opera performance.D. They combine group exercise with Sichuan Opera.9. Why do they adopt the new type of exercise?A. To attract new students to the school.B. To inherit local culture.C. To create an easy-to-learn exercise.D. To make the school’s group exercise popular.10. How do teachers and students react to the group exercise?A. Calm.B. Indifferent.C. Enthusiastic.D. Uninterested.11. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Shen’s continuous effort is highly praised.B. The younger generation will have a stronger body.C. The students can better understand their local culture.D. Students help to spread the seeds of traditional culture toyounger generation.DWhena person in the United States gets the COVID-19 vaccine (疫苗), the person receives a small piece of paper called a “COVID-19 Vaccination Record Card”.It is a piece of paper with the logo of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC, and the name and date of the vaccine. Because it is so simple, it could be easy to fake.Many people in theU.S.are still unsure about getting the vaccine. As universities, workplaces and other places are requiring proof of vaccination, some people are now buying fake vaccination cards without getting a shot.The Associated Press reports that students and teachers at universities around theU.S.are worried about fakecards. Sellers are using social media apps like Instagram to advertise fake vaccination cards. The prices range from $25 to $200. The AP notes that many college students seem interested in buying the cards. On the site Reddit, one person wrote, “I need one, too, for college. I refuse to be a guinea pig.”It is reported that more than 700 universities and colleges require proof of vaccination. Most schools simply ask their students to take a photo of their card and send it to a school website. Benjamin Mason Meier is a professor at theUniversityofNorth CarolinaatChapel Hill, UNC. He studies international health policy. He said, unlike some countries, theU.S.is not using a digital system to record vaccine status. He said theU.S.is depending on “aflimsypaper card”, and students have told him they knew of others who had used fake vaccination cards. Rebecca Williams also works at UNC. She is a researcher at the school’s Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. She said she was not surprised that people were worried about fake vaccination cards. “This is why I think the development of a reliable national digital vaccine passport app is very important,” she said.There is a law that should prevent people from making false vaccination cards. If someone uses the CDC logo without permission, they can be lined and punished by up to five years in prison. The U.S. Department of Justice recently charged a person inCaliforniawith making fake vaccination cards.College students who already have the vaccine are criticizing those who would rather spend money to buy a fake than get a free shot. Maliha Reza is an electrical engineering student atPennsylvaniaStateUniversity, She called those students “dumb”. “I’m angry about that,” she said. “Like, there is more anger than I could describe now.”12. Why do some college students buy fake vaccination cards?A. They are easy to get.B. Many Americans are still uncertain about getting the vaccine.C. Students have an interest in the fake vaccination cards.D. To get a vaccine shot is expensive.13. Which of the following measures can NOT be used to stop the fake cards?A. Having a law that should prevent people from making false vaccination cards.B. Developing a reliable national digital vaccine passport app.C. Using a digital system to record vaccine status.D. Having all the students take a photo of their vaccination card and send it to the school website.14. What does the underlined word “flimsy” probably mean?A. Weak.B. Effective.C. Detailed.D. Professional,15. What might be the writing purpose for the news report?A. To promote a digital system to record the vaccination shots.B. To explain why theU.S.should prevent making the fake vaccination cards.C. The stress the influence of the COVID-19 vaccination.D. To reduce theU.S.university leaders’ worry about fake vaccination cards.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Exemplify cyber security problems in online shoppingEvaluate its impact on society and/or individualsExplore feasible solutionsBOOK3 UNIT11、My job varies between the extremely tedious and the annoyingly busy. On balance, I think I'm happier during the really busy times; no time to think about how bored I am.2、It is the nature of the wise to resist pleasures, but the foolish to be a slave to them。

3、I figure out a good team of dogs, hitched to a light sled, can haul 1,000 pounds of goods. 拉动4、In the story, the little girl has a wicked stepmother, who makes her life a misery. 恶毒的5、Nothing ever becomes real till it is experienced -- even a proverb is no proverb to you till your life has illustrated it. 证明6、Nowadays almost all libraries are finding it increasingly difficult to remain within their budget. 预算7、You can increase a tyre’s grip in winter by slightly lowering its pressure.8、Lakes Superior, Huron, Erie, and Ontario are shared by the United States and Canada, and form part of the boundary between the two countries. 分界线9、The police are investigating the three men allegedly involved in organizing and carrying out the bank robbery. 参与10、I do not doubt in the least that inflation leads to economic decline.11、A blizzard was blasting great drifts of snow across the lake.暴风雪夹着大团的积雪吹过湖面。

华东理工大学网络教育学院大学英语(3）（本)阶段练习test3I。

Grammar Points (网络统考语法考点梳理-——-虚拟语气;定语从句；状语从句;宾语从句; 非谓语)1。

If the whole program __D___ beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost。

A. was not plannedB. were not plannedC. would not be planned D。

had not been planned2。

Isn't it about the time you __A___ to do morning exercises?A. began B。

begin C。

should begin D。

have begun3。

I’m very grateful to you for what you’ve given me and _D___ you have done for me.A. which B。

that C。

all what D。

all that4. He told me how he had given me shelter and protection without which I __C__ of hunger。

A. would be died B。

would die C。

would have died D。

will die5。

This article deals with the natural phenomenon which _B___ most interesting to everyone.A。

are B。

is C. they are D。

it is6。

He’s determined to finish the job _B___ long it takes。

词汇单元一Specification 载明，详述，技术要求，说明书，清单scrubber 洗涤器，擦洗者，滤清器Build the steel framework 绑扎钢筋pour the concrete 浇筑混凝土build the form 支模power plant 发电站Wastewater treatment plant 污水处理厂reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土Drainage system 排水系统geotechnical engineering 岩土工程Slurry 泥浆structural engineering 结构工程sanitary landfill 垃圾填埋场单元二Main beam 主梁secondary beam 次梁Column 柱mechanical and electrical systems 机电系统Arch bridge 拱桥elevator 电梯Natural light 自然光artificial light 人工光Load-carrying frame 承重结构foundation 基础Filler wall 填充墙components of a building 建筑的组成Cave dwellers 穴居人uniform illumination 均匀的光线Depth of a building 进深prestige 声誉，威信Lintel 过梁pilaster 壁柱，半露柱Vault 拱顶limestone 石灰岩，石灰石New Century Global Center 环球中心Shanghai World Financial Center 上海金融中心Canton Tower 广州大厦CCTV headquarters building 中央电视台总部Water Cube 水立方Bird’s Nest 鸟巢High-rise flats 高层Multi-story building 多层建筑Townhouse 连排别墅Villa 别墅Mansion 豪宅，宅邸Low-cost housing project 廉租房Ultrahigh-rise buildings 超高层建筑1、Neolithic Architecture 新石器时代2、Ancient Architecture 古建筑时代3、Medieval Architecture 中世纪时代4、Renaissance Architecture 文艺复兴时期5、Baroque Architecture 巴洛克时期6、Neo-Classical 新古典时期7、Modern Architecture 现代建筑8、Post Modern Architecture 后现代建筑单元三Roof 屋顶floors and ceilings 地板和天花板Skin 墙soils 泥土Partitions 隔板floors 楼板单元四Tube in tube 筒中筒framed tube 框架筒System in concrete 混凝土结构体系post and lintel 抬梁式Stressed-skin tube systems 薄壳筒体体系结构bundled tube 捆扎筒Column-diagonal truss tube 柱状对角桁架结构system in steel 钢结构体系Frames with rigid belt trusses 刚性带式桁架框架shear wall 剪力墙The modern skyscraper 摩天大楼The Eiffel Tower 埃菲尔铁塔Spectacular achievement 壮观的成就bearing wall 承重墙Take full advantage of 充分利用spandrel beam 托梁Perimeter spandrel beam 拱肩梁exterior framed tube 外框筒Shear wall tube 剪力墙框筒cement、sand and gravel 水泥、沙、碎石单元五Suspension systems 悬索桥体系cantilevers 悬臂桥Rigid beams 钢架桥arches 拱桥Masonry arch 石拱corbel arch 突拱brick 砖timber 木材horizontal layer 水平分层primitive peoples/early man 原始人aqueduct bridge 高架输水桥spans obstacles 跨越障碍pedestrians 步行者alternate routes 备选线路environmental evaluation 环评plate 板stability、strength and stiffness 稳定性、强度和刚度girder /truss 桁架、撑杆right-of-way acquisition 道路用地使用权获批final profile 最终剖面geotechnical engineer 岩土工程师barge 驳船，游艇，用船运输isolated 隔离的，孤立的cable 缆，索，钢索abutment 桥墩，桥台anchorage 锚定，固定单元六Traffic needs 交通需求量existing facilities 现有设施Maintenance and operation 养护运营character of present traffic 现有交通特点Traverse 横过，穿过expressway/freeway 高速公路Pavement 路面illogical 无逻辑的Precipitation 降水量right-of-way 道路用地Public utilities 公用事业，公共设施guard rail 护栏，护轨Bituminous/asphalt 含沥青的，沥青质的catch basin 雨水井，截水沟，汇水沟Photogrammetric 摄影制图的outlet 出口，排水口inlet 进口traverse bridge 横动桥二、句子Highway engineering includes Highway planning，location，design，construction and maintenance.公路工程包括公路规划、选址、设计、施工和养护。

华东理工大学网络教育学院大学英语（3）（本）阶段练习 Test 2I. Grammar points (网络统考语法点梳理----情态动词；强调；倒装; 固定结构)Section A：选择适当的情态动词填空(注意适当变形)1.He didn’t agree with me at first, but I __was able to ___ persuade him2.When I first went to Spain, I _could ___ read Spanish but _couldn’t_____ speakit.3.In two years’ time, I ___will be able to__ graduate and earn the Master’sdegree.4. He is shortsighted, and ___ has to__ wear glasses all the time.5. If you want to buy that computer, my __will have to___ borrow some money from your friends.6. I __must___ read this book. It’s said that it’s really interesting.7. He __must__ be on the next rain. We __might as well___ as well wait.8. She is in poor health. She _can ___ fallen ill at any time.9. Stop talking! You __should / ought to___ listen more attentively in class.10. You needn’t have washed (wash) the dishes, for I have already hired an hourly worker.11. This is the second time you have got sick this month. You__should have taken___ (take) the doctor’s advice.12. I didn’t hear the ring bell. I ___must have been__ (be) asleep.Section B：选择填空13. It was not until she had arrived home __B___ remembered her appointment withthe doctor.A. when sheB. that sheC. and sheD. she14. Hardly ever __C___ get a good job these days without a good education.A. people mightB. people canC. do peopleD. have people15. Nowhere else in the world __C ___ more attractive scenery than in Switzerland.A. you can findB. is foundC. can you findD. has been found16. In no circumstance __B___on the campus.A. smoking should be allowedB. should smoking be allowedC. should smoking allowedD. should smoking allow17. The population of many Alaska cities has __C__ doubled in the past three years.A. larger thanB. as great asC. more thanD. as many as18. __B_ my love of landscape, nothing could persuade me to spend another day in the highlands.A. But forB. For allC. Above allD. Except for19. The computer doesn’t work well, so something __C___ wrong.A. can have goneB. should have goneC. must have goneD. ought to have gone20. Although Jack made a foolish mistake, we _B____ at him.A. ought to have laughedB. oughtn’t to have laughedC. ought to laughD. should not to laughII. Vocabulary (课本词汇加强练习)21. Having little work to ___C____ his time, he finds his holiday a little boring.A. takeB. useC. occupyD. kill22. Some people _____B___ success much later in life because they fail to realizeearlier the importance of hard work.A. getB. achieveC. fulfillD. finish23. We should be ___C____ of the views of others, even if we disagree with them.A. thoughtfulB. considerateC. tolerantD. tolerable24. As a goood friend of John’s, yo u ought to ____D_______ him when he meets strong opposition.A. stand outB. stand forC. stand up toD. stand up for25. Zhou Xingchi’s movies are very ___A _____ to watch.A. amusingB. happyC. enjoyD. pleasure26. Some animals tend to be ____B___ only when they are under attack.A. supportiveB. aggressiveC. effectiveD. lovely27. Everyone was shocked to learn that Jack was _____C ____ in the terrorist action.A. concernedB. lostC. involvedD. confused28. Their marriage ____C ___ in divorce due to lack of mutual respect.A. got upB. turned upC. ended upD. came up29. Students are required to read extensively by themselves since our classroomtime is quite ____B___.A. restrictedB. limitedC. endlessD. tedious30. All attendants are ______B_____ to come to the meeting on time.A. proposedB. requiredC. inquiredD. acquired III. Reading ComprehensionPassage OneThere are three kinds of goals: short-term, medium-range and long-term goals.Short-term goals are those that usually deal with current activities, which we can apply on a daily basis. Such goals can be achieved in a week or less, or two weeks, or possibly, months. It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation, long-term goals cannot amount to very much without the achievement of solid short-term goals. Upon completing our short-term goals, we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals build on the foundation of the short-term goals. They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year, or they could even extend for several years. Any time you move a step at a time, you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step, you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow and succeed. And as your list of completion dates grow, your motivation and desire will increase.Long-term goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing. We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.(221 words)31. Our long-term goals mean a lot _____B_______.A. If we cannot reach solid short-term goalsB. If we complete the short-term goalsC. If we have dreams of the futureD. If we put forward some plans32. New short-term goals are built upon ______D______.A. a daily basisB. your achievement in a weekC. current activitiesD. the goals that have been completed33. When we complete each step of our goals, _______C _____.A. we will win final successB. we are overwhelmedC. we should build up confidence of successD. we should have strong desire for setting new goals34. What is the main idea of this passage ______C______A Life is a dynamic thing. B. we should set up long-term goalsC. Different kinds of goals in life.D. The limitation of long-term goals.35. Which of the following statements is wrong according to the passage ______C ______A. The long-term goals cannot amount to very much without the achievement of solid short-term goalsB. The intermediate goals build on the foundation of the short-term goals.C. Life is a static thing, thus we should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.D. We should often add new short-term goals to those which have been completed. Passage two 英法既爱又恨的关系Britain and France are separated by the English Channel, a body of water that can be crossed in as few as 20 minutes. But the cultures of the two countries sometimes seem to be miles apart.Last Thursday Britain and France celebrated the 100th anniversary（周年纪念）of the signing of a friendship agreement called the Entente Cordiality. The agreement marked a new beginning for the countries following centuries of wars and love-hate partnership.But their relationship has been ups and downs over the past century. Just last year, there were fierce disagreements over the Iraq war-which British Prime Minister Tony Blair supported despite French President Jacques Chirac speaking out against it. This discomfort is expressed in Blair and Chirac’s body language at international meetings. While the French leader often greets German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder with a hug（拥抱）, Blair just receives a handshake. However, some political experts say the war in Iraq could in fact have helped ties.The history of divisions may well be because of the very different ways in which the two sides see the world. But this doesn’t stop 12 million Britons taking holidays in France each year. However, only 3 million French come in the opposite direction.Surveys（调查）show that most French people feel closer to the Germans than they do to the British. And the research carried out in Britain has found that only a third of the population believes the French can be trusted. Perhaps this bad feeling comes because the British dislike France’s close relationship with Germany, o r because the French are not happy with Britain’s close links with the US.Whatever the answer is, as both sides celebrate 100 years of “doubtful friendship”, they are at least able to make jokes about each other. Here’s one: What’s the best thing about Britain’s relationship with France The English Channel.36. For centuries, the relationship between Britain and France is ____D________.A. friendlyB. impoliteC. brotherlyD. a mixture of love and hate37. The war in Iraq does _______D_____ to the relationship between France and Britain.A. goodB. harmC. neither good nor harmD. both good and harm38. The British are not so friendly to ___A__ and the French are not so friendly to ____.A. Germany; AmericaB. America; GermanyC. Germany; GermanyD. America; America39. ________D____ are more interested in having holidays in ____________.A. American people…BritainB. British people … GermanyC. French people … BritainD. British people … France40. What does the last sentence mean CA. As long as the English Channel exists, no further disagreement will form between France and Britain.B. The English Channel can prevent anything unfriendly happening in both France and Britain.C. France and Britain are near neighbors, and this will help balance the relationship between them.D. The English Channel is the largest enemy between France and Britain. Passage 3 社区服务是我们大学中一个重要的组成部分Community service is an important component of education here at our university. We encourage all students to volunteer for at least one community activity before they graduate. A new community program called “One On One” helps elementary students who’ve fallen behind. Your education majors might be especially interested in it because it offers the opportunity to do some teaching, that is, tutoring in math and English.You’d have to volunteer two hours a week for one semester. You can choose to help a child with math, English, or both. Half-hour lessons are fine, so you could do a half hour of each subject two days a week.Professor Dodge will act as a mentor to the tutors —he’ll be available to help you with lesson plans or to offer suggestions for activities. He has office hours every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon. You can sign up for the program with him and begin the tutoring next week.I’m sure you’ll enjoy this community service … and you’ll gain valuable experience at the same time. It looks good on your resume, too, showing that you’ve had experience with children and that you car e about your community. If you’d like to sign up, or if you have any questions, stop by Professor Dodge’s office this week. (220 words)41. What is the purpose of the talk ______B______A. To explain a new requirement for graduation.B. To interest students in a new community program.C. To discuss the problems of elementary school students.D. To recruit elementary school teachers for a special program.42. What is the purpose of the program that the speaker describes ____C________A. To find jobs for graduating students.B. To help education majors prepare for final exams.C. To offer tutorials to elementary school students.D. To provide funding for a community service project.43. What does Professor Dodge do _____A _______A. He advises students to participate in certain program.B. He teaches part-time in an elementary school.C. He observes elementary school students in the classroom.D. He helps students prepare their resumes.44. What should students who are interested in the tutorials do _____D_______A. Contact the elementary school.B. Sign up for a special class.C. Submit a resume to the dean.D. Talk to Professor Dodge.45. Whom do you think the speaker addresses ______B______A. Faculty.B. Students.C. ResidentsD. Graduated students.Passage FourMany people who work in London prefer to live outside it, and to go in to their offices or schools every day by train, car or bus, even though this means they have to get up early in the morning and reach home late in the evening.One advantage of living outside London is that houses are cheaper. Even a small flat in London without a garden costs quite a lot to rent. With the same money, one can get a little house in the country with a garden of one’s own.Then, in the country one can really get away from the noise and hurry of busy working lives. Even though one has to get up earlier and spend more time in trainsor buses, one can sleep better at night and during weekends and on summer evenings, one can enjoy the fresh, clean air of the country. If one likes gardens, one can spend one’s free time digging, planting, watering and doing the hundred and one other jobs which are needed in a garden. Then, when the flowers and vegetables come up, one has got the reward together with those who have shared the secret of Nature.Some people, however, take no interest in country things: for them, happiness lies in the town, with its cinemas and theatres, beautiful shops and busy streets, dance-halls and restaurants. Such people would feel that their life was not worth living if they had to live it outside London. An occasional walk in one of the parks and a fortnight’s (two weeks) visit to the sea every summer is all the country they want: the rest they are quite prepared to leave to those who are glad to get away from London every night. （292 words）46. Which of the following statements is NOT true BA. People who love Nature prefer to live outside the city.B. All the people who work in London prefer to live in the country.C. Some people enjoying city life prefer to work and live inside London.D. Many nature lovers, though working in London, prefer to live outside the city.47. With the same money needed for ___C____, one can buy a little house with a garden in the country.A. getting a small flat with a gardenB. having a small flat with a gardenC. renting a small flat without a gardenD. buying a small flat without a garden48. When the garden is in blossom, the one _____B___ has been rewarded.A. living in the countryB. having spent time working in the gardenC. having a garden of his ownD. having been digging, planting andwatering49. People who think happiness lies in the city life would feel that ___A ___ if they had to live outside London.A. their life was meaninglessB. their life was invaluableC. they didn’t deserve a happy lifeD. they were not worthy of their happy life50. The underlined phrase get away from in the 3rd paragraph refers to ___C____.A. deal withB. do away withC. escape fromD. prevent fromIV．阅读课本Unit 3精读课文，选择适当介词填空51. Some people think jazz is a cultural form _for___ the wealthy.52. Jazz originated among black Americans __at__ the end of the 19th century.53. Jazz is known _as___ the soul of America.54. Perhaps the essence of America is that you could never get two Americans to agreeon a point.55. Because ___of_ my ability to speak English fluently, I got the job.56. The solos(独奏) are a celeb ration of individual gift that can’t take place_without ___ the group efforts of the rhythm section (节奏乐器组).57. Jazz has a connection ___to__ the essence of America in a much more fundamental way.58. Jazz is an expression of the African roots of American culture, a musical mediumthat stands _for the culture of the Africans whose culture came to dominate much of what is American.59. Jazz brought together elements from Africa and Europe, melting them into a newculture, an expression unique __to __ the Americans.60. Out of this combination came an idea that Americans believe central totheiridentity: tolerance.V．阅读课本Unit 4精读课文，完型填空（单词首字母已给出）Business is about competition. Some of it is subtle and unspoken, but nearly everyone is competing__61 for budgets, opportunities, customers. And then there's competition for promotions 62 , time with important colleagues, fame, recognition, bigger 63 salaries, and, of course, power. But the very fact that 64 some people do plot and scheme at work illustrates 65 one of the truths of politicking (职场政治活动)– that it delivers results 66.Here's another home truth – politicking happens whether 67 you like it or not. Sadly there are limited opportunities 68 in the world of work and, more often 69 than not, if you think you can succeed 70 without getting political, you need to wake up.VI． Cloze (统考新题型)Many people would agree that stress is a major problem in modern life. It is certainly true that worry and quarrel can cause all kinds of illnesses, 71 backache to severe headaches, or even more serious complaints such as high blood pressure.Many of us think 72 stress as something that other people impose on us. We often complain about how other people put us 73 pressure. But we should try not to let such pressure affect us. We should not forget that we are largely responsible for some of the stress ourselves. We sometimes take 74 more work than our bodies and our minds can handle. We should learn to 75 our limitations. We should be aware of which things are really important and which are not.( D )71 . A：of B：under C：accept D：from E：on( A )72 . A：of B：under C：accept D：from E：on( B )73 . A：of B：under C：accept D：from E：on( E )74 . A：of B：under C：accept D：from E：on( C )75 . A：of B：under C：accept D：from E：on。

基础英语3期末复习材料Unit5Ⅰ.Explain in your own words the following sentences.1.what a tangled web we weave, when first we practice to deceive. When we start to tell the first lie, we are likely to tell more to cover the first one. One lie will lead to another, then we will get ourselves in a complicated situation.2."Psychological barriers wear down;the ability to make more distinctions can coarsen; the liar`s perception of his chances of being caught may warp." Psychological barriers become smaller and smaller. We tell lies without hesitation even if the deceit was uncovered. The liar wouldn`t take it seriously.3.The most understandable and forgivable lies are an exchange of what ethicists refer to as the principle of trust for the principle of caring. According to ethicizes, the most forgivable and acceptable lies are based on principle of caring and love instead of trust.Ⅱ.Explain the underline part in each sentence in your own words.1.The lies were most often not what most of uswould call earth-shattering.very important to the world2.According to DePaulo, women in theirinteractions with other women lied mostly tospare the other`s feeling.avoid hurting other`s feeling3.And then there are professions—lawyers,pundits,PR consultant—whose membersspecialize in shaping or spinning the truth tosuit client`s needs.modifying the fact4.Philosopher Sissela Bok warns us that theycan put us on slippery slope.something that can lead to serious consequence 5.Are all white lies to be avoided at all casts? under any circumstancesⅢ.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of given words.1.It is generally considered unethical for physicians to advertize.(ethics)2.The young actor was requested to speak in a feigned voice.(feign)3.We must be unsparing in our criticism of arms trade.(spare)4.Her hard experience has not coarsened her or made her cynical.(cynicism)5.Most shops are shut down during this confoundedly hot spell.(confound)6.The availability of credit lubricated the channels of trade.(lubricant)7.The ropes were entangled so Johnny was not able to untie the parcel.(tangle)8.Willful people cannot tolerate the slightest frustration of their wishes.(will)Ⅳ.Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.1. The outdoor concert was called off due to thecanceledweather.2.The expanded vocabulary,as well as theimproved reading speed and accuracy, will be aovercomerecord that can encourage you to get over theboredom.3.They knew that any failure to abide by thefollowterms of the treaty would bring internationalcondemnation.4.He was reduced to begging in the streets offell intoManhattan.5.The plain fact is that they are giving me themake it more acceptablesake,however they try to dress it up.6.The secret is not to brood over your failures,care aboutbut ta accept them as inevitable.7.The option of increasing investment has beenruled out. given up8.It is wise to set food and money by in case ofreserve for future usea future emergency.Ⅴ.Translate English to Chinese.1.Most strikingly, these tellers-of-a-thousand-lies reported that their deceptions caused them "little preoccupation or regret."十分惊人的是，这些无数次说谎的人称，说谎并没有是他们十分纠结或者后悔。

背诵段落Unit1 A1In the fall of our final year, our mood changed. The relaxed atmosphere of the preceding summer semester, the impromptu ball games, the boating on the Charles River, the late-night parties had disappeared, and we all started to get our heads down, studying late, and attendance at classes rose steeply again. We all sensed we were coming to the end of our stay here, that we would never get a chance like this again, and we became determined not to waste it. Most important of course were the final exams in April and May in the following year. No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in class, so the peer group pressure to work hard was strong. Libraries, which were once empty after five o'clock in the afternoon were standing room only until the early hours of the morning, and guys wore the bags under their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence.Unit3 A1，4，61 We all listen to music according to our separate capacities. But, for the sake of analysis, the whole listening process may become clearer if we break it up into its component parts, so to speak.In a certain sense we all listen to music on three separate planes. For lack of a better terminology, one might name these: (1) the sensuous plan e, (2) the expressive plane, (3) the sheerly musical plane. The only advantage to be gained from mechanically splitting up the listening process into these hypothetical planes is the clearer view to be had of the way in which we listen.4 Yes, the sound appeal of music is a potent and primitive force, but you must not allow it to usurp a disproportionate share of your interest. The sensuous plane is an important one in music , a very important one , but it does not constitute the whole story.6 Listen , if you can, to the 48 fugue themes of Bach's Well-Tempered Clavichord . Listen to each theme, one after another. You will soon realize that each theme mirrors a different world of feeling. You will also soon realize that the more beautiful a theme seems to you the harder it is to find any word that will describe it to your complete satisfaction. Yes, you will certainly know whether it is a gay theme or a sad one. You will be able,in other words, in your own mind, to draw a frame of emotional feeling around your theme. Now study the sad one a little closer. Try to pin down the exact quality of its sadness.Is it pessimistically sad or resignedly sad; is it fatefully sad or smilingly sad?Unit4 B7，117Business travellers too can suffer from homesickness . Ask any frequent flyer in their forties or fifties "Do you still enjoy the thrill of travel?",and they'll probably sigh and reply that the sense of separation is now too strong. The comfort of a luxury hotel room during a weekend on their own in a foreign city is infinitely less appealing than taking the children to the park or a ball game. For professional exiles, homesickness is acknowledged as part of culture shock, a stage everyone goes through sooner or later after the initial enthusiasm for one's new surroundings , and as cynicism and despondency set in. Acknowledging that one is homesick may help avoid the risk of anxiety and depression.11Homesickness is both a painful longing to be back home,and an extremely common occurrence. It's not immature or something to be ashamed of. Maybe, just maybe, it's when your parents die that you make your own home , that you no longer have to suppress your feelings of homesickness.Can you finally indulge in your strong feeling s for your own home?Unit5 A2，32 Josh Lester turned into 46th Street. He was not yet enjoying the Christmas spirit, because he was still at work, albeit a working dinner at Joanne's.Josh was black, in his early thirties, and an agreeable-looking person, dressed smartly but not expensively. He was from a hard-working family in upstate Virginia , and was probably happiest back home in his parents'house.But his demeanor concealed a Harvard law degree and an internship in DC with a congressman, a junior partnership in a New York law firm , along with a razor-sharp intellect and an ability to think on his feet . Josh was very smart.3 The appointment meant Josh wouldn't get home until after Christmas. He was not, however, unhappy. He was meeting Jo Rogers, the senior senator for Connecticut, and one of the bestknown faces in the US . Senator Rogers was a Democrat in her third term of office, who knew Capitol Hill inside out but who had nevertheless managed to keep her credibility with her voters as a Washington outsider. She was pro-abortion, anti-corruption , pro-low carbon emissions and anti-capital punishment , as fine a progressive liberal as you could find this side of the Atlantic . Talk show hosts called her Honest Senator Jo , and a couple of years ago , Time magazine had her in the running for Woman of the Year . It was election time in the following year , and the word was she was going to run for the Democratic nomination.Rogers had met Josh in DC, thought him highly competent, and had invited him to dinner.中译英Unit1中国有一句话，叫“人贵有自知之明”。