【英语】中考英语过去完成时专题训练答案及解析
一、初中英语过去完成时
1．She said when she got to the cinema, the film ________ for 5 minutes.
A. has begun
B. had begun
C. has been on
D. had been on
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：她说当她到达电影院的时候，电影已经开始五分钟了。根据got 可知，电影开始五分钟属于在过去某时间前已经存在的状态，应该用过去完成时，所以排除A和C。开始begin，电影已经开始了五分钟是存在的状态，要用延续性的动词，所以要将瞬间动词begin改为be on，故选D。
【点评】此题考查动词的时态问题以及瞬间动词和延续性动词的区别。
2．— How long has the train been away?
— Sorry. I don't know. By the time I got here, the train ________.
A. has left
B. was leaving
C. had been away
D. had left
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——火车离开多久了？——很抱歉。我不知道。我到这儿的时候，火车已经离开了。由By the time I got here可知该用过去完成时，所以选C。
【点评】考查动词时态。
3．Simon ________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert.
A. has played
B. is playing
C. had played
D. will play
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：西蒙举行第一次音乐会时，他已经弹了很多年钢琴了。根据时间状语when he gave his first concert.可知此处用过去的时态，表示先弹钢琴弹了很多年，然后开了音乐会，表示过去的过去，应该用过去完成时：had+动词的过去分词，故答案为C。
【点评】考查过去完成时。掌握过去完成时的意义（过去的过去）和构成：had+动词的过去分词。
4．We are too tired. Please stop __________ a rest.
A. to have
B. having
C. have
D. has
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：我们是在太累了，停下来休息一下吧。stop to have a rest.固定搭
配故选A
【点评】注意时态一致，
5．By the end of last month, Jane _____ enough money for the poor sick boy.
A. raised
B. would raise
C. had raised
D. has raised
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：在上个月末，珍已经为贫穷的生病的孩子筹集到了足够的钱。根据By the end of last month，可知句子的时态为过去完成时，C是过去完成时结构，故答案是C。
【点评】考查过去完成时，注意过去完成的时的判定方法。
6．By the time I finished my homework，my mother ．
A. slept
B. has been asleep
C. was asleep
D. had been asleep
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】由上文“By the time ”和“ finished”可知此处应为过去完成时，故选D.
【点评】考查过去完成时。
7．Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing, he_______ in Hongkong for ten years.
A. works
B. has worked
C. had worked
D. would work
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：O'Shea在北京主持Joy FM节目前，他已经在香港工作了10年了。根据Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing可知，主持节目这个动作发生在过去，而在香港呆了十年是发生在过去的过去，时态要用过去完成时（had +过去分词），故选C。
【点评】考查动词的时态。牢记过去完成时的用法。
8．By the time they reached the bus stop, the bus__________ for ten minutes.
A. had left
B. have left
C. had been away
D. have been away
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:到他们到达公交车站的时候，公交车已经离开十分钟了。句中by the time 的意思是到...时候，后跟从句，从句使用的是一般过去时。根据句意可知，从句中表示的动作应该发生在他们到达车站之前，故应该用过去完成时。A是过去完成时，但是left是瞬间性动词，不能和一段时间状语连用；B是现在完成时；C是过去完成时，并且是系表结构，可以和一段时间连用；D是现在完成时。故选C。
【点评】考查动词时态。
9．By the time the alarm clock went off, My mother had already _________.
A. wake me up
B. wake up me
C. waken up me
D. waken me up
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：闹钟响时，我妈妈已经把我叫起来了。根据句意，动词应用过去完成时，用had +动词的过去分词。wake up是动副结构，代词作宾语必须放中间，故选D。
【点评】考查本单元的目标句型，只要熟练背诵句型，找出答案很简单。
10．By the time I got to school, I realized that I ________ my backpack at home.
A. have forgotten
B. had forgotten
C. have left
D. had left
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：我到学校的时候，我意识到我把书包忘在家里。考查过去完成时。by the time：到…时候为止；通常引导一个时间状语从句，表示“到……的时候为止”主句则表示在此时间之前某个事件已完成。值得注意的是，当从句用过去时时，主句通常用过去完成时。Leave sth. Sp.：把…落在某地。结合句意和语境可知选D。
【点评】此题考查过去完成时的用法。
11．—I ______ know you can play the piano so well.
—Thank you.
A. didn't
B. don't
C. can't
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：——我不知道你钢琴弹得那么好。——谢谢。A. didn't不，一般过去时态，指过去的状态及过去发生的动作；B. don't不，一般现在时态，指经常性、习惯性的动作；C. can't不能，指能力；不可能，表示否定的推测。根据语境，说话时我已知道你钢琴弹得好，不知道是过去的状态，用一般过去时，故选A。
12．The bus ______ for five minutes when Tim arrived at the station.
A. went
B. has left
C. had left
D. had been away
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：当迪姆到达车站时，公交离开了五分钟了。表示到达车站前已经发生或完成的动作，句子用过去完成时态；leave是一个非延续性的动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语for…连用，可以表达成be away，形容词表示状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。故选D。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时以及延续性动词的用法。
13．By the time of last year, she the piano for five years.
A. learnt
B. has learnt
C. had learnt
D. will learn
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：到去年的时候，她已经学了五年钢琴了。由时间状语By the time of last year可知这里是指在这个时间之前已经完成的动作，应该用过去完成时：had+动词的过去分词。故答案为C。
【点评】考查过去完成时。掌握过去完成时的构成和用法。
14．Mary thought of the party which she___________ for this day.
A. plan
B. planned
C. had planned
D. would plan
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：玛丽想起了她今天计划的聚会。plan的动作发生在thought of的动作之前，表示过去的过去，要用过去完成时had+过去分词。故选C。
【点评】考查过去完成时的构成和用法。注意过去完成时表示过去的过去含义。
15．—We all went to the cinema except you last night. Why didn't you come?
—Because I that movie twice.
A. have watched
B. had watched
C. was watching
D. would watch
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】“看过电影”这一动作发生在“没去影院”之前，是过去的过去，用过去完成时，故选B。句意是：—昨天晚上除了你之外我们都去电影院了，你为什么没来？—因为这部电影我已经看过两次了。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法，表示过去的过去。
16．Daming _______ to have a rest, but he didn't have time.
A. intended
B. had intended
C. intends
D. has intended
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：大明本来计划休息，但是他没时间。动词intend用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。故选B。
【点评】考查过去完成时。
17．By the time we got there, the film ________ already.
A. began
B. has begun
C. have begun
D. had begun
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：我们到那儿时，电影已经开始了。by the time，直到……时候，指从过去某一点到从句所示的时间为止的一段时间，常与过去完成时连用。故选D。
【点评】考查时态，注意 by the time+过去时的用法。
18．By the end of last year they _________ thousands of orange trees on the mountains.
A. had planted
B. have planted
C. were planting
D. would plant
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：到去年末，他们已经在山上种植了上万棵橘子树。根据By the end of last year，可知句子时态为过去完成时，因此用had planted，故答案是A。
【点评】考查过去完成时，注意识记与过去完成时想搭配的时间状语。
19．By the end of last month, we ______already ______ our lessons.
A. has, finished
B. have, finished
C. had, finished
D. will, finish
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】题意：到上个月末为止，我们已经结束了课程。根据句意，应选C。【点评】注意时间状语，很容易选出。
20．I ______ to study hard, but someone disturb me.
A. thought
B. had thought
C. have thought
D. think
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：我本来想努力学习，但是有人打扰了我。动词think用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。故选B。
【点评】考查过去完成时。
21．When we hurried to the meeting room, the meeting _______.
A. had begun
B. had been on
C. has begun
D. has been on
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：当我们赶到会议室的时候会议已经开始了。本句中会议开始的动作发生在我们到达会议室之前，所以表示过去的过去，用过去完成时，故选A
【点评】动词的时态是学习英语过程中非常重要的知识。而很多的题目，句中并没有像本题一样有明确的时间，很多要通过上下文的判断得知。过去完成时表示动作发生在过去的过去，本题不难，平时加强记忆，理解即可。
22．Peter ________ to have a cool model plane.
A. hoped
B. had hoped
C. has hoped
D. hopes
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：彼得本来希望有一架很酷的飞机模型。动词hope用过去完成时
来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。故选B。
【点评】考查过去完成时。
23．I met Jim last week. We___________ each other for about twenty years since we left Japan.
A. didn't meet
B. don't meet
C. haven't met
D. hadn't met
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：我上周见过吉姆。我们离开日本大约有二十年没见面了。A.没有
见面，一般过去时；B.没有见面，一般现在时；C.已经没有见面，现在完成时；D.已经没有
见面，过去完成时。for+时间段用完成时，排除A、B。met表明时态是过去时，所以用过
去完成时，故选D。
【点评】考查过去完成时，注意平时识记其结构及标志词。
24．His father said that he_____ Zhang Jiajie for 10 days.
A. has been in
B. has gone to
C. had gone to
D. had been in
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：他爸说去张家界10天了。A.去了某地，人还没回，现在完成时；
B.has been in去了某地，人还在那里，现在完成时；
C.去了某地，人还没回，过去完成时；
D.去了某地，人还在那里，过去完成时。从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前，从句用过去
完成时，故排除AB，说话的时候，他爸爸还在张家界，用had been in，符合题意，故选
D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意识记have been in和过去完成时的用法。
25．Tom realized that he ________ his physics book at home when he reached school．
A. left
B. had left
C. was leaving
D. leaves
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】本题考查过去完成时的用法，由had+过去分词。我们可以看到意识到和
到都是过去的动作，而忘记带物理书则是在意识到之前，故为过去的过去，选B。
26．My aunt said that she ________ to Guangzhou.
A. has never gone
B. had never gone
C. has never been
D. had never been
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：我阿姨说她从没去过广州。have gone to…表示已经去了某地（强
调不在说话者所在地）；have been to…曾经去过某地（现在已经回来）。又因为此处是宾
语从句，而且主句是过去时，所以从句用过去完成时had been to。故答案为D。
【点评】此题考查过去完成时的用法。
27．I ________ to go to Beijing the next day.
A. plans
B. planned
C. had planned
D. has planned
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：我本来计划着第二天去北京。动词plan用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。故选C。
【点评】考查过去完成时。
28．Johnson ______ two tickets for the concert before Joe made a phone call to him.
A. had booked
B. booked
C. has booked
D. were booking
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：乔打电话给杰克逊前，杰克逊已经定了两张音乐会的票。表示“过去的过去”动作要用过去完成时（had + 过去分词），所以选A。
29．Lucy_______ to go shopping, but it began to rain.
A. want
B. wants
C. had wanted
D. has wanted
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：露西本来想出去购物，但是开始下雨了。动词want用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。故选C。
【点评】考查过去完成时。
30．— Why didn't you give the wallet to the man at once?
— Because he ________ before I realized it was his.
A. had been disappeared
B. has disappeared
C. had disappeared
D. has been disappeared
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：你为什么不立刻将钱包给那个男人?--因为在我意识到钱包是他的之前他就已经消失了。"我意识到钱包是他的"属于过去发生的事，"他已经消失了" 属于过去的过去发生的事，即一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成，应该用过去完成时态,谓语结构为:had+动词过去分词，故选C。
【分析】此题考查动词的时态，要根据时间或语境来判断正确的时态，并要熟练掌握各种时态谓语部分动词的形式。
【英语】人教版英语专题训练中考英语阅读理解（word） 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 Science fiction is a popular kind of writing, and many people think of Jules Verne（凡尔纳） as the father of science fiction. He was born in France in 1828. His father wanted him to become a lawyer, but from his early 20s Verne decided to become a writer. At first he wrote plays for the theater. Then, in 1863, he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth（1864） and From the Earth to the Moon（1865）. In the 19th century, many people were interested in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and, as a result, they were very popular. Verne's writing included many predictions（预言）for the 20th century and many of them came true. He described space flight, movies, and air conditioning, a long time before they appeared. These books were very successful and they made Verne rich. Jules Verne's books have been the subjects for many movies. 20, 000 Leagues under the Sea was a successful movie for Walt Disney. It was the first time that Disney movie had used real actors instead of cartoon drawings. Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne's books. The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg. For him, the most important thing is to be always on time! （1）What does the phrase "the father of science fiction" mean? A. The father who has several children. B. The man who loves science and inventions. C. The writer whose father wrote science fiction. D. The man who first started writing science fiction successfully. （2）What encouraged Jules Verne to write more stories? A. The plays he wrote for the theater. B. The encouragement from his father. C. The success of Five Weeks in a Balloon. D. The scientific subjects in his stories. （3）Why were Jules Verne's books very popular in the 19th century? A. Because his books made him rich and famous. B. Because he wrote many plays for the theater at that time. C. Because his books were the subjects for many movies. D. Because many people were interested in science and inventions. （4）Which of the following has the main character called Phileas Fogg? A. Five Weeks in a Balloon. B. Around the World in Eighty Days. C. A Journey to the Center of the Earth. D. From the Earth to the Moon. （5）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. The space flight Verne described was different from others. B. The main characters in Verne's books are always on time. C. Jules Verne only wrote in the 19th century. D. Many of the predictions in Verne's stories came true.
细节题 知识精讲 阅读理解是中考的必考题型，因为它能全面快速地反映出学生的英语水平。阅读理解题型有很多种，但从命题角度来看，通常可以分为四种即：细节题、推断题、猜词题和主旨题。 一、细节题简介 考察学生对于阅读材料具体事实或细节的理解能力。 二、细节题提问方式 1. 以 who, what, which, when, where, how, why等特殊疑问词开头； 2. 以according to…开头的提问方式； 3. 以true, not true, except等为标记词的提问方式； 4. 以填空形式出现的提问方式。 三、细节题分类 1. 直接信息题：直接从文中找到正确答案； 2. 间接信息题：对文章信息进行简单推理加工，判断，排除和比较等； 3. 综合分析题：综合判定分散的信息。 四、解题技巧 1. 寻找题干关键词 关键词法：名词，形容词，副词，数词，大写字母。 2. 定位原文线索句 回归原文，确定相关细节，事实等相关信息。
3. 甄别最佳选项 分析对比细节，排除干扰选项，最后确定答案。 五、常见考点位置剖析 主题句：段首---演绎性 文中---句意隐含 段尾---结论 1. 首末段，首末句：寻找主题句(topic sentence) 2. 转折处，转折词前后：作者的真实观点或事实。 表转折的标记词：but, however, yet, though, although, instead, etc. 3. 对比处，对比法：说明新老观点，正误观念和新旧事物等。 表对比的标记词：while, compare with, compare to, by contrast, on the contrary, etc. 4. 举例处：说明事实或观点。 表列举的标记词：for example, for instance, such as, etc. 5. 因果处：通过原因推结果，给出结果找原因。 表结果标记词：so, thus, therefore, as a result, etc. 表原因标记词：because (of), since, for, as, the reason, etc. 六、干扰项的特点与概括 1. 正误并存：信息部分正确，部分错误； 2. 扩大(缩小)范围：是原文信息，但故意增加或减少细节； 3. 偷换概念：符合常识，但不是文章的内容； 4. 以偏概全：与原句的内容极为相似，但在程度、态度、褒贬色彩上有变动； 5. 无中生有：明显不是文章的信息，与文中事实相反或不符； 6. 答非所问：是原文信息，但不是题干要求的内容。
中考英语过去进行时100篇及答案（word） 一、过去进行时 1．—Did you watch the football match on TV last night? —I wanted to, but my mother her favorite TV programme. A. watches B. watched C. was watching D. had watched 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:一昨晚你在电视上看足球比赛了吗?一我想看，但我的母亲在看她最喜欢的电视节目。A.第三人称单数形式;B.过去式或过去分词;C.过去进行时形式;D.过去完成时形式。根据语境，所以选C。 2．—Did you hear someone knock at the door just now? —Sorry, I ______ to my friend on the phone. A. was talking B. talked C. am talking 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】考查动词的时态。句意：“你刚刚听到有人敲门了吗？”“不好意思。我刚刚在和我朋友通电话。”由句意可知此处表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时。故选A。 3．—I called you last night, but you didn't answer. —Sorry, Grace. I I Am A Singer when the phone rang. A. am watching B. was watching C. have watched 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】表示过去某动作发生时．另一动作正在进行，用过去进行时，故选B。句意是：当电话铃响的时候我正在看《我是歌手》。 【点评】本题考查过去进行时的用法。 4．— I called you last night, but nobody answered. Where were you then? — Oh, I ____________ my pet dog in my yard. A. walked B. was walking C. am walking D. will walk 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——昨晚我给你打电话了，但是没人接，那时你在哪里？——哦，我在院子里正在遛我的宠物狗。A.一般过去时；B.过去进行时；C.现在进行时；D.一般将来时。根据Where were you then，可知是昨晚打电话那时正在遛狗，所以用过去进行
外研版英语中考英语过去完成时专题(含答案) 一、初中英语过去完成时 1．Seeing Danel went into the classroom with tears in his eyes, I asked him what . A. happened B. had happened C. would happen D. was happened 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：看着丹尼尔哭着跑进教室，我问他发生了什么。根据动词asked 一般过去时可知，动词happen的动作发生在asked之前，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时had+过去分词。故选B。 【点评】本题考查过去完成时，注意掌握过去完成时的结构had+过去分词。 2．Simon ________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert. A. has played B. is playing C. had played D. will play 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：西蒙举行第一次音乐会时，他已经弹了很多年钢琴了。根据时间状语when he gave his first concert.可知此处用过去的时态，表示先弹钢琴弹了很多年，然后开了音乐会，表示过去的过去，应该用过去完成时：had+动词的过去分词，故答案为C。 【点评】考查过去完成时。掌握过去完成时的意义（过去的过去）和构成：had+动词的过去分词。 3．By the end of last month, Jane _____ enough money for the poor sick boy. A. raised B. would raise C. had raised D. has raised 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：在上个月末，珍已经为贫穷的生病的孩子筹集到了足够的钱。根据By the end of last month，可知句子的时态为过去完成时，C是过去完成时结构，故答案是C。 【点评】考查过去完成时，注意过去完成的时的判定方法。 4．By the end of 2012, many buildings built in our city. A. have been B. have C. had been D. will 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：到2012年底，我们的城市里已经建成了很多大楼。Buildings是build这一动作的承受者，该用被动语态。而被动语态是由“be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。根据By the end of 2012可知该用过去完成时，所以选C。 5．Yesterday when I _______ to the station, the train ______ already. A. got, had left B. got, has left C. had got, left D. got, left
中考英语专题讲练名词所有格(解析版) 名词的所有格主要是用来表示名词与名词之间的一种所属关系的，它的中文意思为“……的”。名词的所有格有两种形式：’s所有格和of所有格。 二、’s所有格 ‘s所有格一般用于有生命的名词后。以下表格为用法及例子： 用法举例 一般情况下在名词词尾加’s Dick’s car 迪克的汽车 以-s或-es结尾的复数名词在名词词尾加’students’ books学生们的书 用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有 关系，只在最后的一个名词后加’s；但在各 自拥有时两个名词都在词尾加’s表示所有This is Mary and her sister’s bedroom. 这是玛丽和她姐姐的。 There are Tom’s and Mary’s bags. 这些是Tom和Mary的包。 表示时间，距离，价格Have you read today’s newspaper? 你看今天的报纸了吗？ We are going to have a six weeks’ summer vacation. 词所有格 知识精讲
三、of所有格 “of+名词”一般用来表示无生命的物体间的所属关系，如： the color of the window窗户的颜色the brake of the bicycle自行车闸 the frame of the photo相框the title of the article文章标题 注意：在许多情况下，表示人、动物、集体、时间、机构、组织等的名词都可以用of所有格代替’s所有格。例如： the sunshine of autumn = autumn’s sunshine the debate of Sunday = Sunday’s debate the government’s decision = the decision of the government 但是，在表示类别时’s所有格一般不能用of所有格代替。例如： men’s suits 不能改为the suits of men a doctor’s degree不能改为the degree of a doctor
Summary 3 Past Co nti nuous Tense 过去进行时总结 I. Defin itio n 时态含义 表示过去某一时刻或过去一段时间内正在进行的动作。 II. Time words 时间标志词 1. then, at that time, this time yesterday, at 6 o ' clock yesterday ... 2. when/ while/ (just) as 引导的时间状语从句 III. Structure 动词结构 was/ were + doing ? Whe n/ while/ (just) as 引导的时间状语从句在过去进行时态中的用法区别 1. when既可以和短暂性动词连用，也可以和连续性动词连用, 句中一般翻译为“当...... 时候” / “就在那时”。 a. Some one kno cked at the door whenI was hav ing breakfast. b. I was tak ing a bath whenthe teleph one rang. 2. while只可以和连续性动词连用 句中一般翻译成“当...... 时候”(=wheri) / “然而”(强调前后两个动作同时进行) a. He cut himself while he was shaving. b. My wife was cooking the dinner while I was working in the garden. 3. (just) as 更强调“随着”，所引导的从句动作一般与主句动作伴随着发生。 a. Just as I was ope ning the front door, the teleph one rang. b. The children were singing as they went home.
初三英语专题训练 附加疑问句（Tag Questions） 附加疑问句由陈述句加简短附加问句构成，中间用逗号隔开，用以要求对方证实所述之事。其特点是“形式相反，前后一致”。即“前肯后否，前否后肯”的相反形式和前后两部分的动词时态要一致的要求。 中考聚焦 反意疑问句是一种特殊的疑问句，其重点在于其附加问句的主语和谓语这两个部分，因而附加问句主语和谓语的确定是对此知识点命题的重点。另外，由于对反意疑问句做回答的特殊性及易错性，对其回答方式的考查也常常出现，而且由于对反意疑问句作回答与语境或情景联系较紧，所以考查方式越来越受重视。 1.陈述部分的肯定与否定 1）陈述部分的否定意义仅由否定前缀或后缀的词来表达，则应将其视为肯定形式，疑问部分用否定形式， 2）陈述部分含有few,hardly,little,neither,never,,no,no one,none,not,nobody,nothing,seldom等词，通常将其视为否定形式，反意疑问句部分用肯定形式。 e.g He disliked her,didn’t he?他以前不喜欢她，是吗？ Few people can do the work,can they?几乎没有人能做这项工作，是吗？ 2.疑问部分的主语 1）如果陈述部分的主语是单数名词（代词），则根据单数名词的性在疑问部分用he/she/it 做主语,如陈述部分的主语是复数名词（代词），疑问部分则用they做主语 2）当陈述部分是there be句型时，疑问部分要用there 3）当陈述部分主语是everthing,anything,something,this,that以及动名词或不定式时，疑问部分的主语用it。当陈述部分的主语是everybody,anybody,somebody,no one,nobody时，疑问部分主语用they或he e.g The children are having breakfast,aren’t they?孩子们在吃早饭，是吗？ There is nothing on the table is there?桌子上什么都没有，是吗？ Nothing is wrong with your computer,is it?你的电脑没什么毛病，是吗？ 3.疑问部分的谓语 1）如陈述部分有助动词，情态动词或系动词be，在疑问部分仍然使用该助动词，情态动词或系动词的适当形式。 2）如果陈述部分没有助动词，情态动词或系动词，疑问部分的谓语动词要用do的形式3）陈述部分的must,may,can表推测时，疑问部分的谓语要与must,may,can后面的动词形式相一致。 e.g Joy will leave for America tomorrow,won’t she?乔伊明天要去美国，是吗？ The boys like skating,don’t they?这些男孩喜欢滑冰，是吗？ Jim may be at home now,isn’t he?吉姆可能在家里，是吗 4.反意疑问句有以下常见的特殊形式 1）陈述部分是I am..结构时，反意疑问句用aren’t I? 2）陈述部分是祈使句时，反意疑问句用will you? 3）开头的祈使句，反意疑问句部分用shall we? 注意：Let us(him,me)开头的祈使句，反意疑问句部分只用will you 4)当陈述部分是一个带that从句做宾语的主从结构时，反意疑问句一般应与主句的主语和谓语保持一致。
宾语从句 宾语从句是英语复合句中非常重要的从句之一，也是初中阶段要求重点掌握的从句。宾语从句属于名词性从句，是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语。宾语从句一般做介词或及物动词的宾语，如： We all expect that they will win. 我们所有人都盼着他们能赢。（动宾） We are talking about whether we should keep the money. 我们正在讨论是否应该收下这笔钱。（介宾） 二、宾语从句的连接词 宾语从句的引导词很多样，基本涵盖了从句中涉及的所有引导词，可分为从属连词，连接代词和连接副词，用法如下表：
二、宾语从句的时态 1. 若主句是现在时的某种时态（一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），宾语从句不受限制，可以根据实际情况随意穿越，如： I remember he gave me a book yesterday . 我记得他昨天给了我一本书。 He has told me that he will leave for Shanghai next week . 他已经告诉我下周他就要动身去上海了。 2. 若主句是过去时的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么宾语从句一般要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时），如： I only knew he was studying in a western country. 我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书。 My teacher told me that Mrs. Rosemary had been back to Australia already. 我的老师告诉我，Rosemary 夫人已经回澳大利亚了。 The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to deal with
过去完成时语法精讲 一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（past-in-the-past ）”。 ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前那时现在 构成：过去完成时由“助动词had + 过去分词”构成，其中had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. # She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning. 二、过去完成时的判断依据 1. 由时间状语来判定 一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有： （ 1 ）by + 过去的时间点。如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. （ 2 ）by the end of + 过去的时间点。如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. （3 ）before + 过去的时间点。如： 】 They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在： （ 1 ）宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如： She said that she had seen the film before. （ 2 ）状语从句中 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如： ] When I got to the station, the train had already left. After he had finished his homework, he went to bed. 注意：before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于before 和after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如：Where did you study before you came here After he closed the door, he left the classroom. （ 3 ）表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3. 根据上、下文来判定。 【 I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.
最新中考英语阅读理解专项练习经典 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．根据短文内容选择正确答案。 C Grace, usually known as the Home of Microsoft, is inside an office building in Redmond, Washington. Once you come into the building, you will feel that you're in a modern and future home. When you enter the building, Grace's voice, coming from a hidden speaker, tells you your messages. In the kitchen, you set a bag of flour（面粉） on a flat stone table. Grace sees what you're doing and makes a menu of flour-based foods on the table. Once you choose one, Grace gives you ingredients（配料）. There's also a notice board in the kitchen made of “intelligent（智能的）cloth” that works like a touch screen computer. You can deal with postcards and invitations and surf the net with the touch of a finger. The invitations could be encoded（编码）. You can deal with them on the computer. It's part of Microsoft's Smart Personal Objects Technology, whose aim is to make every object more efficient（有效率的）. “The day when your house becomes a member of your family is not far,” says Pam Heath, a manager of Microsoft. At the Andersen Windows Company, Jay Libby imagines that windows made of intelligent glass can be changed into TVs. “Nobody wants a television set,” says Libby. “What you want is the service it provides.” If the TV isn't improved, it will disappear in the future. Home entertainment is one consideration for the future. At the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, scientists are designing systems that will allow old people to live better on their own. So Grandma's home can be cleverly designed to recognize（识别）her ways of waking, sleeping and movement. Family members will be told any change by their computers.（1）We can know from the passage that Grace _________. A. is an idea known as the Microsoft Home B. is a machine that works like a TV C. can understand what its master does D. can cook meals for its master （2）According to the passage, all the following are true EXCEPT________. A. Grace can help you in the kitchen B. you can use the computer with a touch screen C. windows will take the place of TV sets in the near future D. TV technology needs improving （3）It can be inferred（推断） from the passage that ________. A. the building in the future will be intelligent B. your windows will be changed into TVs
原词重现 知识精讲 原词重现是指填空处的正确选项在上下文相关语境中曾经出现过。此种题型通常有两种：第一种是近距离重复，即：在填空处的同一句话内或前后句中重现，这类题型难度最低，最易得分；第二种是远距离重复，即：通常是指填空处在跨段落的位置先后出现，此类题难度稍高。掌握了这样的原则，对于某些难题，同学们要习惯先易后难的解题策略。某些局部的难题如果放到整篇文章范围内考虑，难度就可能降低。 三点剖析 易错点：对于原词重现的考查本身不难，但同学们容易犯主观臆断的错误，即未反复读文本，便草率的在选项中选出了自己认为合理的选项。所以，对于此类题目，建议同学们一定要联系上下文，寻找真正符合文章的正确答案。 题模精选 题模一：近距离重现 例1.1.1All his life George loved _________. When he was only seven years old, he already knew so much about plants that people in his hometown called him “the plant doctor”. A．animals B．plants C．buildings D．photos 例1.1.2The Japanese Macaca monkey has been studied in the wild for over 50 years. In 1952, on one small Japanese island, scientists dropped some _________ made dirt for the monkeys. The monkeys liked their taste, but they found the dirt terrible. One clever 18-month-old monkey found he could
【英语】中考英语过去进行时 一、过去进行时 1． Last night,thous ands of people ________ to see the stars arrive at the ceremony.（） A. wait B. were waiting C. have waited 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:明天晚上，成千上万的人等着看明星们到达仪式现场。A. wait一般现在时态，表示经常性，习惯性的动作，B. were waiting 过去进行时态，表示过去正在进行的动作，C: have waited 现在完成时态，表示已经发生或完成的动作。本句表示昨天晚上一直在发生的动作，用过去进行时态，故选B。 2．—Paul, what were you doing at nine Last night? —I a movie in the cinema with my friends. A. was watching B. watch C. have watched D. will watch 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：——Paul，昨天晚上九点钟你在做什么？——我正在和朋友们一起在电影院看电影。根据句中的时间状语at nine last night昨晚九点，可知是过去的时间。表示在过去某个时刻做的事情使用过去进行时态，was/were +现在分词，故选A。 【点评】考查过去进行时态，注意过去进行时的用法和结构。 3．— I called you last night, but nobody answered. Where were you then? — Oh, I ____________ my pet dog in my yard. A. walked B. was walking C. am walking D. will walk 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——昨晚我给你打电话了，但是没人接，那时你在哪里？——哦，我在院子里正在遛我的宠物狗。A.一般过去时；B.过去进行时；C.现在进行时；D.一般将来时。根据Where were you then，可知是昨晚打电话那时正在遛狗，所以用过去进行时，故选B。 【点评】考查过去进行时，注意平时识记，理解句意。 4．I saw him in the library yesterday. He a book at that moment. A. reads B. is reading C. was reading D. will read 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】at that moment 意为“在那时”，表示过去的时间点，表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作,用过去进行时，故选C。句意是：我昨天在图书馆里看见他了，那时他正在看书。 【点评】本题考查过去进行时的用法。
九年级英语期末专题练习--缺词填空 Passage 1 Here’s a story about Ming’s life on the waters. Ming has lived all his life on a wide r 1 in china. His home is a large house-boat with a roof, one of hundreds that move up and down. In about six years he has not once been on l 2 ,but he is never lonely. He is a strong swimmer. In face（实际上）,he could swim before he could walk. When he wants to play with his f 3 ,he just swims across to their boats or asks them to v 4 him. Ming’s father is a fishman,but he never u 5 a line or a net（网）. Great black birds called cormorants do the fishing for him. Rings（圈）have been put around the birds’ n 6 so that they cannot eat the fish they catch. They have been t 7 to bring the fish to people. And then people reward（奖励）them with a fine big fish as soon sa their work is f 8 . Ming loves watching the cormorants, but better still he likes going s 9 with his mother. The shops, of course, are boats very like his o 10 . 1. r 2. l 3. f 4. v 5. u 6. n 7. t 8. f 9. s 10. o Passage 2 Can animals be made to work for people? Some scientists think that one day animals may be trained（训练）to do a number of simple jobs i 1 of people. They say that at a circus（杂技场）,for example, we may see elephants, monkeys, dogs and other animals doing q 2 skillful（熟练的）things. Perhaps you have seen them on the television or in a film. If you watch closely, you may find that the trainer（驯兽员）always g 3 the animal some sugar o 4 a piece of fruit as a reward（报酬）. The scientists say that many d 5 animals may be trained to do a lot of simple things if they know they will get a reward f 6 doing that. Of course, as we know, dogs can be trained to look after a house, and soldiers in both old and modern t 7 have u 8 geese to give warning（警报）by m 9 a lot of noise when an enemy comes near. And also it may be possible to train animals to work in families or f 10 . 1. i 2. q 3. g 4. o 5. d 6. f 7. t 8. u 9. m 10. f Passage 3 In recent years, playing kite—board seems to become more and more popular in Alaska in America. It is a new and old game. The game has w 1 the interest of many young people. The game is interesting but a little d 2 . One needs to play it very c 3 . A kite—board is in fact a skateboard（滑雪板）drawn（拉）by a few big flying kites. The - 1 -