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Report Information from ProQuest
September 05 2012 01:38
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Table of Contents
1. Trade, Environment, and Welfare in a Model of Monopolistic Competition (1)
2. Structural gravity equations with intensive and extensive margins (2)
3. The Increasing Returns Revolution in Trade and Geography (3)
4. Estimating Trade Flows: Trading Partners and Trading Volumes (4)
5. International Economies of Scale and the Gains from Trade (5)
6. ENTRY, EXIT, AND FIRM DYNAMICS IN LONG RUN EQUILIBRIUM (7)
7. A Simple Theory of International Trade with Multinational Corporations (8)
8. Multinationals, Multi-Plant Economies, and the Gains from Trade (9)
9. National and International Returns to Scale in the Modern Theory of International Trade (10)
10. Scale Economies, Product Differentiation, and the Pattern of Trade (11)
1 10
Trade, Environment, and Welfare in a Model of Monopolistic Competition
: Das, Monica; Das, Sandwip K.
: Eastern Economic Journal 38. 1 (Winter 2012): 37-56.
ProQuest
: In a North-South model of trade in which the market structure is monopolistically competitive, though North's attempt to reduce pollution creates a 'pollution haven' in South, its terms of trade improve and total number of varieties produced in the world economy may increase. The paper distinguishes between the direct and indirect welfare effects of North's environmental policy. While the direct effect on welfare is due to abatement, indirect effects are results of the policy's impact on prices, wages, outputs and varieties. A complex set of forces operate to determine indirect welfare effects of a tax or tariff on a pollution-causing raw material: the crucial factors are price elasticity of demand, elasticity of substitution between labor and raw material, South's trade orientation and the dependency ratios. An optimally chosen pollution tax directly hurts but indirectly benefits South. The indirect welfare effect of a tariff is similar to that of a pollution tax. However, a positive optimum tariff may not exist, in which case North's optimum policy would be free trade. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
: CALIS e得文献获取,
UNICAT联合目录(刊名)
: Studies; Monopolistic competition; International trade; Models; Environmental aspects; Welfare
: Asia
: 9130: Experimental/theoretical, 1540: Pollution control, 1300: International trade&foreign investment, 1130: Economic theory, 9179: Asia&the Pacific, 1200: Social policy
: Trade, Environment, and Welfare in a Model of Monopolistic Competition
: Das, Monica; Das, Sandwip K
: Eastern Economic Journal
: 38
: 1
: 37-56
: 20
: 2012
: Winter 2012
: 2012
: Palgrave Macmillan
: Bloomsburg
/: United Kingdom
: Business And Economics
ISSN: 00945056
: Scholarly Journals
: Feature
: References
DOI: https://www.doczj.com/doc/e15900739.html,/10.1057/eej.2010.50
ProQuestID: 910183569
URL: https://www.doczj.com/doc/e15900739.html,/docview/910183569?accountid=14167
: ?Eastern Economic Association 2012
: 2012-01-10
: ABI/INFORM Complete
_______________________________________________________________ 2 10
Structural gravity equations with intensive and extensive margins
: Crozet, Matthieu; Koenig, Pamina.
: The Canadian Journal of Economics 43. 1 (Feb 2010): 41.
ProQuest
: Recent trade models with heterogeneous firms have changed the interpretation of gravity equations. Chaney (2008) shows that the effect of distance on the number of exporters and average exports depends on key parameters characterizing the elements of market structure. We use firm-level export data to estimate the structural parameters of Chaney's model. Controlling for the fixed costs of exporting, our estimated parameters match, for 28 out of 34 industries, the model's theoretical predictions. Our industry parameters allow us to evaluate separately the effect of transport costs and tariffs on trade, without having to resort to detailed data on trade frictions. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
:
: Economic models; Exports; Market structure; Parameter estimation; Fixed costs; Studies
: 1130: Economic theory, 1300: International trade&foreign investment, 9130: Experiment/theoretical treatment : Structural gravity equations with intensive and extensive margins
: Crozet, Matthieu; Koenig, Pamina
: The Canadian Journal of Economics
: 43
: 1
: 41
: 2010
: Feb 2010
: 2010
: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
/: United Kingdom
: Business And Economics
ISSN: 00084085
CODEN: CJECBC
: Scholarly Journals
: English
: Feature
ProQuestID: 199899736
URL: https://www.doczj.com/doc/e15900739.html,/docview/199899736?accountid=14167
: Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Feb 2010
: 2011-10-04
: ABI/INFORM Complete; ProQuest Research Library;
_______________________________________________________________ 3 10
The Increasing Returns Revolution in Trade and Geography
: Krugman, Paul.
: The American Economic Review 99. 3 (Jun 2009): 561-571.
ProQuest
: Thirty years have passed since a small group of theorists began applying concepts and tools from industrial organization to the analysis of international trade. The new models of trade that emerged from that work didn't supplant traditional trade theory so much as supplement it, creating an integrated view that made sense of aspects of world trade that had previously posed major puzzles. The "new trade theory" - an unfortunate phrase, now quite often referred to as "the old new trade theory" - also helped build a bridge between the analysis of trade between countries and the location of production within countries. In this paper I will try to retrace the steps and, perhaps even more important, the state of mind that made this intellectual transformation possible. At the end I'll also ask about the relevance of those once-revolutionary insights in a world economy that, as I'll explain, is arguably more classical now than it was when the revolution in trade theory began. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
:
: Economic models; Exports; Market structure; Parameter estimation; Fixed costs; Studies
: 1130: Economic theory, 1300: International trade&foreign investment, 9130: Experiment/theoretical treatment : Structural gravity equations with intensive and extensive margins
: Crozet, Matthieu; Koenig, Pamina
: The Canadian Journal of Economics
: 43
: 1
: 41
: 2010
: Feb 2010
: 2010
: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
: Malden
/: United Kingdom
: Business And Economics
ISSN: 00084085
CODEN: CJECBC
: Scholarly Journals
: English
: Feature
ProQuestID: 199899736
URL: https://www.doczj.com/doc/e15900739.html,/docview/199899736?accountid=14167
: Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Feb 2010
: 2011-10-04
: ABI/INFORM Complete; ProQuest Research Library;
_______________________________________________________________ 4 10
Estimating Trade Flows: Trading Partners and Trading Volumes
: Helpman, Elhanan; Melitz, Marc; Rubinstein, Yona.
: The Quarterly Journal of Economics 123. 2 (May 2008): 441.
ProQuest
: We develop a simple model of international trade with heterogeneous firms that is consistent with a number of stylized features of the data. In particular, the model predicts positive as well as zero trade flows across pairs of countries, and it allows the number of exporting firms to vary across destination countries. As a result, the impact of trade frictions on trade flows can be decomposed into the intensive and extensive margins, where the former refers to the trade volume per exporter and the latter refers to the number of exporters. This model yields a generalized gravity equation that accounts for the self-selection of firms into export markets and their impact on trade volumes. We then develop a two-stage estimation procedure that uses an equation for selection into trade partners in the first stage and a trade flow equation in the second. We implement this procedure parametrically, semiparametrically, and nonparametrically, showing that in all three cases the estimated effects of trade frictions are similar. Importantly, our method provides estimates of the intensive and extensive margins of trade. We show that traditional estimates are biased and that most of the bias is due not to selection but rather due to the omission of the extensive margin. Moreover, the effect of the number of exporting firms varies
across country pairs according to their characteristics. This variation is large and particularly so for trade between developed and less developed countries and between pairs of less developed countries. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
:
: Studies; Economic models; International trade; Estimating techniques; Impact analysis; Estimation bias
: 9130: Experiment/theoretical treatment, 1130: Economic theory, 1300: International trade&foreign investment : Estimating Trade Flows: Trading Partners and Trading Volumes
: Helpman, Elhanan; Melitz, Marc; Rubinstein, Yona
: The Quarterly Journal of Economics
: 123
: 2
: 441
: 2008
: May 2008
: 2008
: MIT Press Journals
: Cambridge
/: United States
: Business And Economics, Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations, Business And Economics--Economic Systems And Theories, Economic History
ISSN: 00335533
CODEN: QJECAT
: Scholarly Journals
: English
: Feature
ProQuestID: 210977186
URL: https://www.doczj.com/doc/e15900739.html,/docview/210977186?accountid=14167
: Copyright MIT Press Journals May 2008
: 2010-06-08
: ABI/INFORM Complete; ProQuest Research Library;
_______________________________________________________________ 5 10
International Economies of Scale and the Gains from Trade
: Suga, Nobuhito.
: Journal of Economics 85. 1 (Jul 2005): 73.
ProQuest
: In this paper, we present a two-country trade model with external economies of scale that emerge on an international level but are partially localized in each country. First, we show that the larger country exports the good produced in an industry with external economies of scale in the trading equilibrium. Second, we investigate the welfare effects of trade for the following two cases: (I) the case where external economies are completely localized in autarky; (II) the case where external economies are internationally effective in autarky. In case (II), it is shown that trade can be welfare-decreasing for both countries. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
: CALIS e得文献获取,
UNICAT联合目录(刊名)
: Studies; Economic models; International trade; Estimating techniques; Impact analysis; Estimation bias
: 9130: Experiment/theoretical treatment, 1130: Economic theory, 1300: International trade&foreign investment : Estimating Trade Flows: Trading Partners and Trading Volumes
: Helpman, Elhanan; Melitz, Marc; Rubinstein, Yona
: The Quarterly Journal of Economics
: 123
: 2
: 441
: 2008
: May 2008
: 2008
: MIT Press Journals
: Cambridge
/: United States
: Business And Economics, Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations, Business And Economics--Economic Systems And Theories, Economic History
ISSN: 00335533
CODEN: QJECAT
: Scholarly Journals
: English
: Feature
ProQuestID: 210977186
URL: https://www.doczj.com/doc/e15900739.html,/docview/210977186?accountid=14167
: Copyright MIT Press Journals May 2008
: 2010-06-08
: ABI/INFORM Complete; ProQuest Research Library;
_______________________________________________________________ 6 10
ENTRY, EXIT, AND FIRM DYNAMICS IN LONG RUN EQUILIBRIUM
: Hopenhayn, Hugo A.
: Econometrica (1986-1998) 60. 5 (Sep 1992): 1127.
ProQuest
: This paper develops and analyzes a dynamic stochastic model for a competitive industry which endogenously determines processes for entry and exit and for individual firms' output and employment. The concept of stationary equilibrium is introduced, extending long run industry equilibrium theory to account for entry, exit, and heterogeneity in the size and growth rate of firms. Conditions under which there will be entry and exit in the stationary equilibrium are given. Cross-sectional properties--across size and age cohorts--are analyzed and compared to the data. Implications for the equilibrium distributions of profits and the value of firms are analyzed. The effect of changes in the parameters describing the technological and market conditions of the industry on the equilibrium size distribution and turnover rates are also analyzed.
: CALIS e得文献获取,
UNICAT联合目录(刊名)
: Studies; Economic models; International trade; Estimating techniques; Impact analysis; Estimation bias
: 9130: Experiment/theoretical treatment, 1130: Economic theory, 1300: International trade&foreign investment : Estimating Trade Flows: Trading Partners and Trading Volumes
: Helpman, Elhanan; Melitz, Marc; Rubinstein, Yona
: The Quarterly Journal of Economics
: 123
: 2
: 441
: 2008
: May 2008
: 2008
: MIT Press Journals
: Cambridge
/: United States
: Business And Economics, Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations, Business And Economics--Economic Systems And Theories, Economic History
ISSN: 00335533
CODEN: QJECAT
: Scholarly Journals
: English
: Feature
ProQuestID: 210977186
URL: https://www.doczj.com/doc/e15900739.html,/docview/210977186?accountid=14167
: Copyright MIT Press Journals May 2008
: 2010-06-08
: ABI/INFORM Complete; ProQuest Research Library;
_______________________________________________________________ 7 10
A Simple Theory of International Trade with Multinational Corporations
: Helpman, Elhanan.
: The Journal of Political Economy 92. 3 (Jun 1984): 451.
ProQuest
: It has been theorized that firm-specific assets connected with marketing, management, and product-specific research and development can be used to service production plants in nations other than the nation in which these inputs are utilized. A simple general equilibrium model of international trade is developed in which the site of plants in a differentiated product industry is a decision variable. This model is used to deduce predictions of trade patterns, volumes of trade, the share of intraindustry trade, and the share of intrafirm trade as functions of relative nation size and variations in relative factor endowments. This theory can identify and examine the effects of circumstances in which corporations find it profitable to become multinational. These firms are well-defined economic entities, own firm-specific assets, partake in monopolistic competition, and play an active part in foreign trade.
:
: Studies; Economic models; International trade; Estimating techniques; Impact analysis; Estimation bias
: 9130: Experiment/theoretical treatment, 1130: Economic theory, 1300: International trade&foreign investment : Estimating Trade Flows: Trading Partners and Trading Volumes
: Helpman, Elhanan; Melitz, Marc; Rubinstein, Yona
: The Quarterly Journal of Economics
: 123
: 2
: 441
: 2008
: May 2008
: 2008
: MIT Press Journals
: Cambridge
/: United States
: Business And Economics, Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations, Business And Economics--Economic Systems And Theories, Economic History
ISSN: 00335533
CODEN: QJECAT
: Scholarly Journals
: English
: Feature
ProQuestID: 210977186
URL: https://www.doczj.com/doc/e15900739.html,/docview/210977186?accountid=14167
: Copyright MIT Press Journals May 2008
: 2010-06-08
: ABI/INFORM Complete; ProQuest Research Library;
_______________________________________________________________ 8 10
Multinationals, Multi-Plant Economies, and the Gains from Trade
: Markusen, James R.
: Journal of International Economics 16. 3,4 (May 1984): 205.
ProQuest
: A general equilibrium model of a multinational enterprise (MNE) is developed, based on economies of multi-plant operation, to explain the allocative and distributive effects of multinational corporations (MNC). These economies are modeled algebraically by an activity which enters the production function of the firm as a joint input across production facilities. Two cases of the theory are developed and compared. In one version, world production of a good is monopolized by an MNC, while in the other, there is a single independent national enterprise producing the good in each of the 2 countries. The MNE offers the world increased technical efficiency by eliminating the duplication of the joint input that would occur in independent national firms. Because this technical efficiency may be at the expense of higher exercised market power, the full determinants of home country, host country, and world welfare are explored.
: CALIS e得文献获取,
UNICAT联合目录(刊名)
: Studies; Economic models; International trade; Estimating techniques; Impact analysis; Estimation bias
: 9130: Experiment/theoretical treatment, 1130: Economic theory, 1300: International trade&foreign investment : Estimating Trade Flows: Trading Partners and Trading Volumes
: Helpman, Elhanan; Melitz, Marc; Rubinstein, Yona
: The Quarterly Journal of Economics
: 123
: 2
: 441
: 2008
: May 2008
: 2008
: MIT Press Journals
: Cambridge
/: United States
: Business And Economics, Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations, Business And Economics--Economic Systems And Theories, Economic History
ISSN: 00335533
CODEN: QJECAT
: Scholarly Journals
: English
: Feature
ProQuestID: 210977186
URL: https://www.doczj.com/doc/e15900739.html,/docview/210977186?accountid=14167
: Copyright MIT Press Journals May 2008
: 2010-06-08
: ABI/INFORM Complete; ProQuest Research Library;
_______________________________________________________________ 9 10
National and International Returns to Scale in the Modern Theory of International Trade
: Ethier, Wilfred J.
: The American Economic Review 72. 3 (Jun 1982): 389.
ProQuest
: The international theory of trade has come under question recently, particularly concerning the relationship between factor endowments and actual trade patterns. Also, the theory is not helpful in explaining the large growth in manufacturing trade between industrialized nations since World War II. Empirical analysis of the interaction of national economies of scale with international returns to scale produces mixed results for the international theory of trade. In accordance with the theory, relative factor endowments largely determine the level of intraindustry trade. Product differentiation and scale economies are supporting factors. But the traditional theory of international returns to scale should be modified to include national returns. When national and international economies interact, the changes in equilibrium often take the form of changes in the number of production units rather than their size. Thus, international increasing returns to scale are significant even in the context of national scale economies.
:
: Studies; Economic models; International trade; Estimating techniques; Impact analysis; Estimation bias
: 9130: Experiment/theoretical treatment, 1130: Economic theory, 1300: International trade&foreign investment : Estimating Trade Flows: Trading Partners and Trading Volumes
: Helpman, Elhanan; Melitz, Marc; Rubinstein, Yona
: The Quarterly Journal of Economics
: 123
: 2
: 441
: 2008
: May 2008
: 2008
: MIT Press Journals
: Cambridge
/: United States
: Business And Economics, Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations, Business And Economics--Economic Systems And Theories, Economic History
ISSN: 00335533
CODEN: QJECAT
: Scholarly Journals
: English
: Feature
ProQuestID: 210977186
URL: https://www.doczj.com/doc/e15900739.html,/docview/210977186?accountid=14167
: Copyright MIT Press Journals May 2008
: 2010-06-08
: ABI/INFORM Complete; ProQuest Research Library;
_______________________________________________________________ 10 10
Scale Economies, Product Differentiation, and the Pattern of Trade
: Krugman, Paul.
: The American Economic Review 70. 5 (Dec 1980): 950.
ProQuest
: Recently, there has been considerable skepticism about the ability of comparative cost theory to explain the actual pattern of international trade. Many people have concluded that a new framework for analyzing trade is needed. The main elements of this new framework being discussed are: 1. economies of scale, 2. the possibility
of product competition, and 3. imperfect competition. A simple formal analysis is presented which incorporates these new elements. It can shed light on some issues which cannot be handled in more conventional models. These include the causes of trade between economies with similar factor endowments and the role of a large domestic market in encouraging exports. The basic model is presented in which there are economies of scale in production and firms can costlessly differentiate their products. This model is extended to examine the effect of transportation costs and to deal with ''home market'' effects on trade patterns.
:
: Studies; Economic models; International trade; Estimating techniques; Impact analysis; Estimation bias
: 9130: Experiment/theoretical treatment, 1130: Economic theory, 1300: International trade&foreign investment : Estimating Trade Flows: Trading Partners and Trading Volumes
: Helpman, Elhanan; Melitz, Marc; Rubinstein, Yona
: The Quarterly Journal of Economics
: 123
: 2
: 441
: 2008
: May 2008
: 2008
: MIT Press Journals
: Cambridge
/: United States
: Business And Economics, Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations, Business And Economics--Economic Systems And Theories, Economic History
ISSN: 00335533
CODEN: QJECAT
: Scholarly Journals
: English
: Feature
ProQuestID: 210977186
URL: https://www.doczj.com/doc/e15900739.html,/docview/210977186?accountid=14167
: Copyright MIT Press Journals May 2008
: 2010-06-08
: ABI/INFORM Complete; ProQuest Research Library;
_______________________________________________________________
ProQuest
? 2012 ProQuest LLC. -
FOB贸易术语解释（中英文） FREE ON BOARD (... named port of shipment) “Free on Board" means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ship''s rail at the named port of shipment. This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. If the parties do not intend to deliver the goods across the ship''s rail, the FCA term should he used. A THE SELLER''S OBLIGATIONS B THE BUYER''S OBLIGATIONS A1 Provision of goods in conformity with the contract The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity winch may be required by the contract. B1 Payment of the price The buyer must pay the price as provided in the contract of sale. A2 Licences, authorisations and formalities The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export licence or other official authorisation and carry out, where applicable1 , all customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods. B2 Licences, authorisations and formalities
国际贸易术语中英文标准化管理部编码-[99968T-6889628-J68568-1689N]
外销员辅导物流货运费英文术语大全 海运费oceanfreight 集卡运费、短驳费Drayage 订舱费bookingcharge 报关费customsclearancefee 操作劳务费labourfeeorhandlingcharge 商检换单费exchangefeeforCIP 换单费D/Ofee 拆箱费De-vanningcharge 港杂费portsur-charge 电放费B/Lsurrenderfee 冲关费emergentdeclearationchange 海关查验费customsinspectionfee 待时费waitingcharge 仓储费storagefee 改单费amendmentcharge 拼箱服务费LCLservicecharge 动、植检疫费animal&plantquarantinefee 移动式其重机费mobilecranecharge 进出库费warehousein/outcharge 提箱费containerstuffingcharge 滞期费demurragecharge 滞箱费containerdetentioncharge 卡车运费cartagefee 商检费commodityinspectionfee 转运费transportationcharge 污箱费containerdirtynesschange 坏箱费用containerdamagecharge 清洁箱费containerclearancecharge 分拨费dispatchcharge 车上交货FOT(freeontrack) 电汇手续费T/Tfee 转境费/过境费I/Ebondedcharge
1. Trade-related Terms 贸易相关术语 A．贸易 Foreign Trade 对外贸易 Entrepot Trade F。）转口贸易 Home （Domestic）Trade 内贸 Coastal Trade 沿海贸易 Cross-border Trade 边境贸易 Barter Trade 易货贸易 Compensation Trade 补偿（互补）贸易 Bilateral trade （between China and the US）（中美）双边贸易Multilateral Trade ( Multilaterism ) 多边贸易 Trading House/Corporation/Firm/Company 贸易公司 Liner Trade 集装箱班轮运输 B．合同 Contract 合同 Active service contracts on file 在备有效服务合同
Sales Contract 销售合同 Sales Confirmation 销售确认书 Agreement 协议 Vessel sharing Agreement 共用舱位协议 Slot-sharing Agreement 共用箱位协议 Slot Exchange Agreement 箱位互换协议 Amendment 修正合同 Appendix 附录 Quota 配额 C．服务合同 Service Contract as provided in the Shipping Act of 1984， a contract between a shipper （or a shippers association）and an ocean carrier （or conference）in which the shipper makes a commitment to provide a certain minimum quantity of cargo or freight revenue over a fixed time period，and the ocean common carrier or
分析证书certificate of analysis 一致性证书certificate of conformity 质量证书certificate of quality 测试报告test report 产品性能报告product performance report 产品规格型号报告product specification report 工艺数据报告process data report 首样测试报告first sample test report 价格／销售目录price ／sales catalogue 参与方信息party information 农产品加工厂证书mill certificate 家产品加工厂证书post receipt 邮政收据post receipt 重量证书weight certificate 重量单weight list 证书ceitificate 价值与原产地综合证书combined certificate of value and origin 移动声明Ａ．ＴＲ．１movement certificate Ａ．ＴＲ．１ 数量证书certificate of quantity 质量数据报文quality data message 查询query 查询回复response to query 订购单purchase order 制造说明manufacturing instructions 领料单stores requisition 产品售价单invoicing data sheet 包装说明packing instruction 内部运输单internal transport order 统计及其他管理用内部单证statistical and oter administrative internal docu-ments 直接支付估价申请direct payment valuation request 直接支付估价单direct payment valuation 临时支付估价单rpovisional payment valuation 支付估价单payment valuation 数量估价单quantity valuation request 数量估价申请quantity valuation request 合同数量单contract bill of quantities-BOQ 不祭价投标数量单unpriced tender BOQ 标价投标数量单priced tender BOQ 询价单enquiry 临时支付申请interim application for payment 支付协议agreement to pay 意向书letter of intent 订单order 总订单blanket order
国际贸易—— 出口信贷 export credit 出口津贴 export subsidy 商品倾销 dumping 外汇倾销 exchange dumping 优惠关税 special preferences 保税仓库 bonded warehouse 贸易顺差 favorable balance of trade 贸易逆差 unfavorable balance of trade 进口配额制 import quotas 自由贸易区 free trade zone 对外贸易值 value of foreign trade 国际贸易值 value of international trade 普遍优惠制 generalized system of preferences-GSP 最惠国待遇 most-favored nation treatment-MFNT 价格条件—— 价格术语trade term (price term) 运费freight 单价 price 码头费wharfage
总值 total value 卸货费landing charges 金额 amount 关税customs duty 净价 net price 印花税stamp duty 含佣价price including commission 港口税portdues 回佣return commission 装运港portof shipment 折扣discount,allowance 卸货港port of discharge 批发价 wholesale price 目的港portof destination 零售价 retail price 进口许口证inportlicence 现货价格spot price 出口许口证exportlicence 期货价格forward price 现行价格（时价）current price/ prevailing price
13种贸易术语归纳对比
FOB、CIF、CFR异同比较： 共同点： 1、三种价格术语都适用于海运和内河运输，其承运人一般只限于船公司。 2、三种价格术语交货点均为装运港船舷风险点均以在装运港越过船舷即从卖方转移至买方。 3、费用点：卖方均要承担货物在装运港越过船舷为止的一切费用。 4、提单：卖方均需向买方提交已装船清洁提单。 5、装船通知：装运前后卖方均应及时向买方发出装船通知。 6、风险点：卖方在装运港将货物装船后的风险即转移到买方。
7、目的港的进口清关，费用等均由买方负责办理；装运港的装船，陆运，出口报关，办理许可证等均由卖方办理。 8、卖方都有在装运港安排订舱、配船的义务。 不同点： 1、价格术语后港口性质不一样，FOB后的港口指卖方所在国的港口，而CFR与CIF 后的港口指买方所在国的港口 2、费用构成不一样，报价不一样。FOB价格是考虑货物从原料购进、生产直到出口报关货物装到买方指定船舱同的一切费用和利润为止，而CFR是在FOB价格的基础上再加上海运费,CIF则是在FOB价格的基础上再加上海运费和保险费。 3、码头作业费的支付对象不同。按照谁支付海运费谁支付THC费用的原则，FOB价格条款中THC费用应由买方承担，CFR与CIF中THC应由卖方承担，现行国内THC标准为20‘柜370元，大柜40’为560元，THC费用应在贸易合同中明确注明由谁支付。 4、保险费支付、办理不同：FOB、CFR 保险由买方办理，卖方应于装船前通知买方；CIF 保险由卖方办理并支付保险费，卖方按合同条款，保险条款办理保险并将保险单交给买方。 5、装船通知告知买方时间不同：FOB价格和CFR在装船前告知买方，装船内容、装船细节以便买方有充足的时间办理货物海上保险而CIF是由卖方投保可在装船后几天内告知买方装船通知。 FCA、CPT、CIP异同比较： 共同点： 1、适用于任何运输方式，包括多式联运，也包括海运。在船舷无实际意义
1. Trade-related Terms贸易相关术语 A．贸易 Foreign Trade对外贸易 Entrepot Trade F。）转口贸易 Home（Domestic）Trade内贸 Coastal Trade沿海贸易 Cross-border Trade边境贸易 Barter Trade易货贸易 Compensation Trade补偿（互补）贸易 Bilateral trade（between China and the US）（中美）双边贸易Multilateral Trade ( Multilaterism )多边贸易 Trading House/Corporation/Firm/Company贸易公司 Liner Trade集装箱班轮运输 B．合同 Contract合同 Active service contracts on file在备有效服务合同 Sales Contract销售合同 Sales Confirmation销售确认书 Agreement协议 Vessel sharing Agreement共用舱位协议 Slot-sharing Agreement共用箱位协议 Slot Exchange Agreement箱位互换协议 Amendment修正合同 Appendix附录 Quota配额 C．服务合同 Service Contract as provided in the Shipping Act of 1984， a contract between a shipper（or a shippers association）and an ocean carrier （or conference）in which the shipper makes a commitment to provide a certain minimum quantity of cargo or freight revenue over a fixed time period，and the ocean common carrier or conference commits to a certain rate or rate schedules as wel as a defined service level（such as assured space，transit time， port rotation or similar service features）。The contract may also specify provisions in the event of non-performance on the part of either party服务合同 A service contract is a confidential contract between a VOCC and 1 or more shippers in which the shipper(s) make a cargo commitment, and the carrier makes a rate and service commitment. 服务合同是一家有船承运人与一个和多个托运人签订的保密合同，
体验商务英语综合教程3 第二版 双语对照版 Unit1 Made in Europe 欧洲制造 Almost every fashion label outside the top super-luxury brands is either already manufacturing in Asia or 5 thinking of it. Coach, the US leather goods maker, is a classic example. Over the past five years, it has lifted all its gross margins by manufacturing solely in low-cost markets. In March 2002 it closed its factory in Lares, Puerto Rico, its last company-owned plant, and outsources all its products. 除了顶级奢侈品牌外几乎所有的时尚品牌都已经在亚洲生产，或者正在考虑这么做。美国的皮革商品制造商蔻驰（Coach）就是一个经典的例子。在过去的五年中，它通过仅在低成本市场生产来提升毛利率。在2002年的3月，它关闭了在波多黎各拉雷斯的最后一间公司所属工厂，将所有产品全部外包。Burberry has many Asian licensing arrangements.In 2000 it decided to renew Sanyo's Japanese licence for ten years. This means that almost half of Burberry's sales at retail value will continue to be produced under license in Asia. At the same time however, Japanese consumers prefer the group's European-made products. 巴宝莉（Burberry）在亚洲持有许多许可授权安排。2000年它决定给日本三洋公司的特许授权延长十年。这意味着按零售价计算巴宝莉几乎一半的销售额将是亚洲授权生产的。但是同时，日本的消费者却偏好于该集团在欧洲生产的产
外语系教案 第次课学时：授课时间：第周
Context: Unit 1 Title: Introductions The tone of a business relationship can be set by an initial introduction. It is important to make a good impression right from the first handshake. When meeting businesspeople for the first time, is it better to be formal or informal? If in doubt, advise students to adopt a more formal approach. Here are some points to remember when making business introductions in English-speaking Western countries: a.Introduce businesspeople in order of professional rank –the person of highest authority is introduced to others in the group in descending order, depending on their professional position. b.When possible, stand up when introductions are being made. c.If clients are present, they should be introduced first. d.The same and title of the person being introduced is followed by the name and title of the other person. PROCEDURES Lesson 1 Starting up Ss listen to four businesspeople and match the speakers to their business cards. Vocabulary 1: Job titles Ss list word as job titles or departments. Then Ss talk about their jobs or studies. Vocabulary 2: Nationalities Ss match countries and nationalities. Reading: Describing people This reading section can be completed in two parts. Ss can start preparatory work on the article about Phil Knight, the founder and CEO of Nike, and complete Exercise A. Lesson 2
《2010国际贸易术语解释通则》与2000版的比较分析发表时间：2011-5-23 来源：《对外经贸实务》2011年第5期供稿作者：朱念 [导读] 贸易术语结构上的变化。贸易术语由13种减少为11种，贸易术语根据运输方式分为2组。 朱念钦州学院 2010年9月国际商会已经完成了《2010国际贸易术语解释通则》（以下简称《2010年通则》），已于2011年1月1日发布生效。与《2000年通则》相比，《2010年通则》更准确地标明了各方承担货 物运输风险和费用的责任条款。 一、《2010年通则》的实质性的主要修改 《2010年通则》在以下两大方面进行了六个方面实质性的修改： 1. 贸易术语结构上的变化。贸易术语由13种减少为11种，贸易术语根据运输方式分为2组。《2010年通则》删掉了4个D组术语：DAF、DES、DEQ和DDU，新增2个D组术语：DAT（Delivered At Terminal，终端交货）和DAP（Delivered At Place，指定地点交货）。 2. 术语义务项目上的变化。《2010年通则》中每种术语项下卖方在每一项目中的具体义务不再“对应”买方在同一项目中相应的义务，而是改为分别描述，并且各项目内容也有所调整。其中， 第一项和第十项改动较大，尤其是第十项要求卖方和买方分别要帮助对方提供包括与安全有关的信息和单据，并因此而向受助方索偿因此而发生的费用。 3. 新增DA T和DAP两个术语。《2010年通则》增加了DAT和DAP两个全新的术语，DA T下卖方需要承担把货物由目的地（港）运输工具上卸下的费用，DAP下卖方只需在指定目的地把货物处于买方控 制之下，而无须承担卸货费。这有助船舶管理公司理解货物买卖双方支付各种收费时的角色，弄清码头处理费的责任方，有助避免现时经常出现的码头处理费（THC）纠纷。 4. “船舷”的变化。《2010年通则》取消了“船舷”的概念，不再设定“船舷”的界限，只强调卖方承担货物装上船为止的一切风险，买方承担货物自装运港装上船开始起的一切风险。此次修 订最终删除了“船舷”的规定，强调在FOB，CFR和CIF下买卖双方的风险以货物在装运港口被装上船时为界，而不再规定一个明确的风险临界点。 5. 关于连环贸易的补充。大宗货物买卖中，货物常在一笔连环贸易下的运输期间被多次买卖，即“String Sales”（连环贸易）。着眼于贸易术语在这种贸易中的应用，《2010年通则》对此连 环贸易模式下卖方的交付义务做了细分，在相关术语中同时规定了“设法获取已装船货物”和将货物装船的义务，弥补了以前版本中在此问题上未能反映的不足。 6. 术语的内外贸适用的兼容性。考虑到对于一些大的区域贸易集团，如欧洲单一市场而言，国与国之间的边界手续已不那么重要了，《2010年通则》首次正式明确这些术语
常用国际贸易术语中英文对照 A.A.R = against all risks 担保全险,一切险 A.B.No. = Accepted Bill Number 进口到单编号 A/C = Account 账号 AC. = Acceptance 承兑 acc = acceptance,accepted 承兑,承诺 a/c.A/C = account 帐,帐户 ackmt = acknowledgement 承认,收条[/color] a/d = after date 出票后限期付款(票据) ad.advt. = advertisement 广告 adv. = advice 通知(书) ad val. = Ad valorem(according to value) 从价税A.F.B. = Air Freight Bill 航空提单 Agt. = Agent 代理商 AI = first class 一级 AM = Amendment 修改书 A.M.T. = Air Mail Transfer 信汇 Amt. = Amount 额,金额 A.N. = arrival notice 到货通知 A.P. = account payable 应付账款
A/P = Authority to Purchase 委托购买 a.p. = additional premiun 附加保险费 A.R. = Account Receivable 应收款 Art. = Article 条款,项 A/S = account sales 销货清单 a/s = after sight 见票后限期付款 asstd. = Assorted 各色俱备的 att,.attn. = attention 注意 av.,a/v = average 平均,海损 a/v = a vista (at sight) 见票即付 经贸常用词缩写(D)、(E)DD/A =documents against acceptance, 承兑后交付单 = documents for acceptance,= documents attached, 备承兑单据 = deposit account 存款账号 d/a = days after acceptance 承兑后……日付款 D.A. = Debit advice 付款报单 D/D,D. = Demand draft,documentary draft 即期汇票,跟单汇票 d/d = day’s date (days after date) 出票后……日付款 d.f.,d.fet. = dead freight 空载运费(船) Disc. = Discount 贴现;折扣 DLT = Day Letter Telegram 书信电 D/N = debit note 借方通知
贸易术语中英文对照
国际贸易—— 出口信贷export credit 出口津贴export subsidy 商品倾销dumping 外汇倾销exchange dumping 优惠关税special preferences 保税仓库bonded warehouse 贸易顺差favorable balance of trade 贸易逆差unfavorable balance of trade 进口配额制import quotas 自由贸易区free trade zone 对外贸易值value of foreign trade 国际贸易值value of international trade
普遍优惠制generalized system of preferences-GSP 最惠国待遇most-favored nation treatment-MFNT
卸货港port of discharge 批发价wholesale price 目的港portof destination 零售价retail price 进口许口证inportlicence 现货价格spot price 出口许口证exportlicence 期货价格forward price 现行价格（时价）current price/ prevailing price 国际市场价格world (International)Marketprice 离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board
成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）C&F-cost and freight 到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价） CIF-cost,insurance and freight 交货条件—— 交货delivery 轮船steamship(缩写S.S) 装运、装船shipment 租船charter (the chartered shep) 交货时间time of delivery 定程租船voyage charter 装运期限time of shipment 定期租船time charter 托运人（一般指出口商）shipper,consignor
Unit 4 Advertising Part I Business Vocabulary Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. This part totals 20 points, one point for each sentence. C1 Outdoor advertising is one of the fastest growing _______________ in the market. A markets B sections C segments D sectors D2 The world of outdoor advertising billboards, transport and ‘street furniture’is ______ about $18 billion a year, just 6% of all the worl d’s spending on advertising. A worthwhile B worthy C valued D worth C3 The soaring costs of TV are ______________ clients to consider alternatives. A making B driving C prompting D letting A4 BMW ran a ‘teasers’ campaign in Britain on bus shelters. A exclusively B largely C greatly D inclusively C5 Placing an ad on a bus shelter for two weeks ________________ at about ￡90. A works on B works away C works out D calculates D6 We are facing a ________________ with our market share. What are we going to do about it? A promotion B sale C order D crisis A7 Focus, a large advertising agency based in Paris, has a reputation for creating imaginative and ____________ campaigns. A effective B efficient C effect D efficacious C8 Focus now needs to ________________ potential clients that it still has plenty of creative ideas to offer. A ensure B assure C convince D persuade B9 Focus has been asked to _________________ ideas for advertising campaigns to managements of the companies concerned. A offer B present C supply D furnish
六种主要贸易术语的异同点比较 一、FOB、CFR、CIF的异同点 1.1.相同点 ⑴交货方式：FOB、CFR、CIF合同均属于象征性交货，即单据买卖。 ⑵运输方式：水上运输，包括海运及内河水运。 ⑶交货地点：装运港船上交货。 ⑷风险界点：装运港船舷为界，卖方承担货物越过装运港船舷之前的风险，买方承担货物越过装运港船舷之后的风险。 ⑸卖方的权利和义务：①提供货物及商业发票；②将货物交至船上并及时通知买方；③办理出口手续。 ⑹买方的权利和义务：①付款、接单、提货；②办理进口手续。 1.2.异同点 ⑴办理运输的责任的规定不同，CFR和CIF下由卖方办理运输，FOB合同下由买方办理。 ⑵办理保险的责任不同，CIF合同下由卖方办理保险，FOB和CFR下由买方办理保险。 ⑶术语后跟的地点不同，FOB后为指定装运港，CFR和CIF后为指定目的港。 ⑷价格构成不同，CFR=FOB+F；CIF=CFR+I。 二、FCA、CPT、CIP的异同点 2.1.相同点 ⑴交货方式：FCA、CPT、CIP合同均属于象征性交货，即单据买卖。 ⑵运输方式：任何方式(水上运输、航空运输、铁路运输、公路运输)，包括多式联运。 ⑶交货地点：因运输方式不同时情况而定。 ⑷风险界点：货交第一承运人为界，卖方承担货物交到承运人之前的风险，买方承担货交承运人之后的风险。 ⑸卖方的权利和义务：①提供货物及商业发票；②将货物交至承运人；③办理出口手续。
⑹买方的权利和义务：①付款、接单、提货；②办理进口手续。 2.2.不同点 ⑴办理运输的责任的规定不同，CPT和CIP下由卖方办理运输，FCA合同下由买方办理。 ⑵办理保险的责任不同，CIP合同下由卖方办理保险，FCA和CPT下由买方办理保险。 ⑶术语后跟的地点不同，FCA后为指定地点，CPT和CIP后为指定目的地，因运输方式不同，视情况而定。 ⑷价格构成不同，CPT=FCA+F；CIP=CPT+I。 三、FOB和FCA、CFR和CPT、CIF和CIP的异同点 3.1.FOB和FCA的异同点 3.1.1.相同点 在交货方式、办理运输和保险的责任归谁、货物在运输途中的风险划分、货价构成、按术语签订的合同类型方面都相同。 3.1.2.不同点 ①适用的运输方式：FOB仅适合水上运输，因此交货地点只能在装运港；而FCA则适用于包括多式联运方式在内的任何运输方式，交货地点依运输方式的不同由双方加以约定； ②在风险及费用划分的具体界限方面也存在差距，FOB是以越过装运港船舷为界，FCA是以货交承运人为界。 3.2.CFR和CPT的异同点 3.2.1.相同点 ①都是由买方负责安排运输、将货物运往指定目的地、货物在运输过程中的风险都由买方承担、货价构成因素中都包括运费； ②它们都属于装运地交货的术语，签订的合同都属于装运合同，卖方只需保证按时交货，并不保证按时到货。 3.2.2.不同点 ①适用的运输方式：CFR仅适合水上运输，因此交货地点只能在装运港；而CPT则适用于包括多式联运方式在内的任何运输方式，交货地点依运输方式的不同由双方加以约定；
体验商务英语视听说答案【篇一：体验商务英语 4 综合教程】lass=txt> 一．课程基本信息课程编号：0142524 课程类别：选修 总学时：36 课程简介：商务英语课程作为翻译专业的一门专业先选课程，主要目标是培养学生掌握国际贸易的基础知识、基本技能，能独立从事一般的对外贸易业务工作。具备听说读写译的基本技能，语音语调正确、语法概念清楚，能用英语较熟练地从事外事接待、外贸业务洽谈的口、笔译工作。在培养学生英语语言能力的同时让学生了解和熟悉各种商务情景和商务活动，掌握相关的商务及商务文化知识，并使他们能够把所学的知识运用到各种商务活动中。二．教材简介 教材名称：体验商务英语综合教程4 教材编者：david cotton;david falvey; simon kent; 《体验商务英 语》改编组出版社：高等教育出版社 教材情况简介：本教材话题紧跟国际经济发展形势，循序渐进地训练学生用英语进行调研分析、归纳总结和使用正确语体作书面或口头表述的能力。既可以帮助在校生了解真实的商务环境和话题，学习地道的商务英语；也可以帮助从事各种经济活动的商务人员通过语言技能综合训，较快地提高语言能力。将国际商务活动引入课堂，体验真实的商务世界。角色扮演和案例学习将体验式学习引向深入，教学设计严谨，为体验式学习打好基础。教学资源丰富，为体验式教学提供有力支持。
三．课程教学内容 教学重点和难点 1. 重点：掌握各种商务活动情景对话中的语言要点及专业词汇 2. 难点：由于缺乏实战经验，学生难以理解不断涌现的商务方面的新知识和商务活动的实战环节。 教学内容、目标和学时分配 教学内容教学目标课时分配unit1communication 掌握 4 unit2international marketing 掌握4 unit3building relationships 掌握 4 unit 4 success 掌握 4 unit 5 job satisfaction 掌握 4 unit 6 risk 了解0 unit 7 e-commerce 掌握4 revision unit a unit 8team building 了解0 unit 9raising finance 了解0 unit 10 customer service 了解0 unit 11 crisis management 了解0 unit 12 management styles 掌握4 unit 13 takeovers and mergers 了解0 unit 14 the future of business 了解0 revision unit b 四．课程各教学环节的基本要求 课堂讲授：要求学生在课堂上就国际商务中的各种场景进行对话和听力练习，并通过看录像、vcd 及听录音和mp3 等多媒体手段提高学生的商务英语听说能力。作业：练习章节语言要点及专业词汇，布置角色扮演任务。mp3 或网络资源听力练习。 课程设计：本课程注重把语言技能的训练和专业知识有机结合起来。除了课堂讲解，有些练习属于开放式的，要求学生理论联系实际，认真独立地思考问题、深入探究问题、最终解决问题。在这一过程中学生的表达能力同时得以锻炼。4）测试： 测试方法：测试；闭卷；口试（其中平时成绩占30% ；测试成绩占70%） 五．教学参考书
六种主要贸易术语的 异同点比较 六种主要贸易术语的异同点比较 一、FOB、CFR、CIF 的异同点 1.1.相同点 ⑴交货方式：FOB、CFR、CIF合同均属于象征性交货，即单据买卖。 ⑵运输方式：水上运输，包括海运及内河水运。 ⑶交货地点：装运港船上交货。 ⑷风险界点：装运港船舷为界，卖方承担货物越过装运港船舷之前的风险，买方承担货物越过装运港船舷之后的风险。 ⑸卖方的权利和义务：①提供货物及商业发票；②将货物交至船上并及时通知买方；③办理出口手续。 ⑹买方的权利和义务：①付款、接单、提货：②办理进口手续。 1.2.异同点 ⑴办理运输的责任的规左不同，CFR和CIF下由卖方办理运输，FOB合同下由买方办理。 ⑵办理保险的责任不同，CIF合同下由卖方办理保险，FOB和CFR下由买方办理保险。
⑶术语后跟的地点不同，FOB后为指定装运港，CFR和CIF后为指龙目的港。 ⑷价格构成不同，CFR二FOB+F： CIF二CFR+I。 二、FCA、CPT、CIP 的异同点 2.1.相同点 ⑴交货方式：FCA、CPT、CIP合同均属于象征性交货，即单据买卖。 ⑵运输方式：任何方式（水上运输、航空运输、铁路运输、公路运输），包括多式联运。 ⑶交货地点：因运输方式不同时情况而泄。 ⑷风险界点：货交第一承运人为界，卖方承担货物交到承运人之前的风险，买方承担货交承运人之后的风险。 ⑸卖方的权利和义务：①提供货物及商业发票；②将货物交至承运人：③亦理出口手续。 ⑹买方的权利和义务：①付款、接单、提货：②办理进口手续。 2.2.不同点 ⑴办理运输的责任的规迫不同，CPT和CIP下由卖方办理运输，FCA合同下由买方办理。 ⑵办理保险的责任不同，CIP合同下由卖方办理保险，FCA和CPT下由买方办理保险。 ⑶术语后跟的地点不同，FCA后为指定地点，CPT和CIP后为指泄目的地，因运输方式不同，视情况而泄。 ⑷价格构成不同，CPT二FCA+F： CIP二CPT+I。 三、FOB和FCA、CFR和CPT、CIF和CIP的异同点 3.1.FOB和FCA的异同点 3.1.1.相同点 在交货方式、办理运输和保险的责任归谁、货物在运输途中的风险划分、货价构成、按术语签订的合同类型方面都相同。 3.1.2.不同点