河北工业大学经济管理学院+内部资料+最后押题三套卷+公共课阅卷人一对一点评
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河北工业大学经济管理学院工商管理（专业学位）招生目录以及参
考书详解
一、招生目录简介
二、参考书详解199管理类联考综合能力
②204英语二或202俄语或203日语参考书《考研英语词汇乱序版》新东方
公共课参考书简介
一、英语篇
一、【考研1号】《考研真相》
很多学生在复习英语时都会有三个困扰：词汇量少，文章难以理解以及没有做题技巧，掌握不了规律。尤其是对基础较薄弱的同学来说，这些问题俨然是横阻在他们通向高分之路上的三座大山，难以逾越。而《考研真相》则以符合学生特点的整体思路和学习方法，具有针对性地为其铺就了复习之路，帮助他们在考场上挥荆斩棘，取得理想的成绩。
帮助词汇记忆——大纲词汇注释、MP3
学生们词汇量匮乏的原因有二：一是原有的基础词汇不多，二是缺乏记忆方法，单词总是背过就忘，即使有固定的词汇资料和复习计划，收效也并不理想。
这本书首先在这一方面为学生提供了许多便捷。很多同学记忆词汇的方法是只对单词进行简单机械地背诵，这样不仅无法有效地记忆单词，更不能掌握单词的多种释义和用法，很难实现单词的记忆和运用。为解决这一难题，书中特意为每篇阅读文章中的大纲词汇开辟专栏——【文章词汇注释】，并加以详细说明，包括音标、词性、多种常见释义以及词组搭配和例句说明。将词汇与文章相结合，让学生通过更多更全的方面加深对词汇的记忆。
同时，本书大胆创新，推出了全书美音慢读的MP3音频文件供学生参考使用。这不仅能够从感官上刺激学生对常用词汇的认知和记忆，也为其提前打好了复习听力的基础。
词汇量很重要，但究其本质还是要学会运用。词汇环节较弱的学生无需特意背诵单词，只需在复习真题时着重掌握这一模块，不仅加大了词汇量，更能将其灵活运用在理解文章、理解题意和写作上。
理解文章内容——图解难句，逐字分析
面对大量陌生的词汇和复杂的长难句，很多学生在理解文中时存在着一定的困难。词汇的问题已经在上以缓解得到解决，而针对长难句的棘手问题，本书也有充分的准备。
本书在每篇阅读文章后会挑选五个【经典难句】进行详细分析，以【结构图解】的形式直观地划分句子成分，加以简洁明了的概括性文字说明，同时给出了【要点注释】进一步解释句子理解的难要点，【难句精译】使学生在读懂句子的同时掌握了自己分析理解难句的方法，不仅是理解了五个句子，更能够在整篇文章中灵活运用，这才是他们需要实现的效果。
在每个长难句后还设有佳句模仿的板块，根据该句型举出同类例句，不仅帮助学生理解难句，他们也可模仿该难句的类型和特点在写作中加以应用。
掌握解题技巧——选项表析、定位解析、干扰项分析
之前讨论词汇和长难句都只是为了一个目的：解题。如果不能掌握在短时间内定位、分析和确定答案的方法，那么一切努力都只是无用功。本书通过多种方法全面讲解答题方法技巧，直观明了，通俗易懂，能够帮助基础薄弱的学生快速提高成绩。
本书首先将阅读文章进行全篇英汉对照，并标出答案出处，便于学生查阅。每个问题都说明其【大纲规定的阅读考点】，结合【定位与解析】帮助学生理解题目类型，正确定位答案方向和思路。独特的”选项表析法”在给出正确答案之余还对每个选项的出处及选项特征作出说明。选项特征将错误选项归纳为”张冠李戴”、”偷换概念”、”曲解文意”和”以偏概全”等多个类型。若学生还是无法完全理解错误选项，随后还有详细的【干扰项分析】将出题者设置的陷阱一一点破，减少迷惑选项对学生的干扰，帮助学生透彻理解出题意图和解析方法，走出干扰误区，高效定位正确答案。
授人以鱼不如授人以渔，【考研1号】《考研真相》在帮助打牢基础、理解试题的同时更是在教授大家一种思考和学习的方法，只有这样才能使能力在本质上得到提高。
除了真题类的《考研真相》外，【考研1号】系列的《写作160篇》及《阅读基础90篇》也是考生不错的选择。《写作160篇》是话题写作参考书的开山鼻祖，全面涵盖了各类可靠话题，并且连续六年命中原题，是2012年考研英语写作参考书不可或缺的选择之一。而《阅读基础90篇》则以90篇文章贯通大港所有词汇，以独创性图解结构剖析长难句，是第一本专为水平低于49分考生编著的基础类参考用书。
二、新航道《考研英语阅读理解精读200篇》
胡敏的阅读200篇也一直是很多考生所青睐的选择，其书共分为四个部分——基础80篇、模拟60篇、冲刺40篇冲刺和新题型20篇，难度由低至高层层递进地培养考生的阅读能力。基础篇适用于在备考初期熟悉语言基础，尽快掌握考研阅读文章和词汇，培养解题思路。
模拟篇文章难度较大，选材完全仿真，个别试题的难度超过真题，是考生在提高阶段熟悉题型、磨练解题思路、扩充词汇的最佳练习材料。冲刺篇是编者研发的模拟题，文章参照真题难度挑选，供最后冲刺阶段热身演练。新题型是针对近几年考研英语中推出的新题型最新研发的模拟题。通过对这200篇阅读文章进行练习，考生最终能够提高阅读理解能力，掌握解题技巧。
第一部分基础80篇，文章难度略低于真实的考研阅读文章，长度也稍短，但文章题材和体裁贴近考研真题，模拟练习题型丰富，能全面涵盖考研真题题型。这部分适用于在备考初期恶补语言基础，尽快熟悉考研阅读文章和词汇，培养解题思路。读者一定注意不要把这80篇文章当作真题来演练，否则会产生“简单”的错觉，但作为热身阶段的练习材料，这80篇文章可以说是必不可少的。
第二部分模拟60篇，文章难度较大，选材完全仿真，个别试题的难度超过真题，是考生在提高阶段熟悉题型、磨练解题思路、扩充词汇的最佳练习材料，有利于考生解题能力的迅速增强。
第三部分冲刺40篇，是编者最新研发的模拟题，每篇文章都是参照最近几年的真题文章精心挑选的，选材和练习题仿真度极高，供最后冲刺阶段热身演练。在第二部分和第三部分的复习中，考生应注意熟记相关词汇，透彻理解文章，细心揣摩题目解析，领悟考研阅读的出题思路及破解技巧。
第四部分新题型20篇，是在深入研究考研大纲的基础上，针对近几年考研英语中推出的新题型最新研发的模拟题。
经验详谈：
1、真题是最重要的。真题里最重要的是阅读理解。每篇文章都要精读,早晨能大声朗读更好。
2、单词肯定是每天都要背的了,直到考试。
3、作文不用着急,12月再开始准备也行。
4、关于新题型,我自己的方法是:首先看第一个空,比如我不太确定,ADF三个选项都觉得适合。然后第二个空有BDEG四个选择。此后三个空依此类推。
然后确定最有把握的一个选项,比如说第一个空,通读全文后,我很确定应该选D,那么第二个空我就把D排除了,只剩下BEG三个选择。再根据其他三个空的选择来定究竟选哪个。此后三个空以此类推。
育明教育：考研专业课答题攻略
（一）名词解释
1．育明考研名师解析
名词解释一般都比较简单，是送分的题目。在复习的时候要把重点名词夯实。育明考研专业课每个科目都有总结的重要名词，不妨作为复习的参考。
很多高校考研名词解释会重复，这就要考生在复习的同时要具备一套权威的、完整的近5年的真题，有近10年的最好。
2．育明考研答题攻略：名词解释三段论答题法
定义——》背景、特征、概念类比、案例——》总结/评价
第一，回答出名词本身的含义。一般都可以在书本找到。
第二，从名词的提出的背景、它的特征、相似概念比较等方面进行简述。
第三，总结，可以做一下简短的个人评价。
3．育明教育答题示范
例如：“战略人力资源管理”
第一，什么是战略人力资源管理（这是答案的核心）
第二，它的几个特征，并简单做一下解释。
第三，和职能人力资源管理，人事管理等进行对比。
4．危机应对
如果出现没有遇到的名词解释，或者不是很熟悉的名词解释，则尽量把相关的能够想到的有条理的放上去，把最有把握的放在第一部分，不要拘泥于以上的答案框架。
5．育明考研温馨提示
第一，名词解释一般位于试卷的第一部分，很多考上刚上考场非常的兴奋，一兴奋就容易下笔如流水，一不小心就把名词解释当成了简答题。结果后面的题目答题时间非常紧张。
第二，育明考研咨询师提醒大家，在回答名词解释的时候以150-200字为佳。如果是A4的纸，以5-8行为佳。按照每个人写字的速度，一般需要5分钟左右。
（二）简答题
1．育明考研名师解析
简答题一般来说位于试题的第二部分，基本考察对某些重要问题的掌握程度。难度中等偏低。这就要求考生在复习的时候要把课本重要问题梳理清楚，要比较扎实的记忆。一般来说书本看到5遍以上可以达到记忆的效果。当然，记忆也要讲究方法。
2．育明考研答题攻略：简答题定义框架答题法
定义——》框架——》总结
第一，先把简答题题干中涉及到的最重要的1-2个名词进行阐述，类似于“名词解释”。很多人省略了这一点，无意中丢失了很多的分数。
第二，按照要求，搭建框架进行回答。回答要点一般3-5点。
第三，进行简单的总结。
3．育明教育答题示范
例如：简析绩效管理和绩效考评的区别和联系。
第一，“绩效管理”和“绩效考评”的定义。
第二，区别
第三，联系
第四，总结。
4．危机应对
当遇到自己没有见过，或者复习时遗漏的死角。这个时候不要惊慌。只要你平时认真复习了，基本你不会的，别人也基本如此。首先要有这个自信。其次，无限的向课本靠拢，将相关的你能够想到的内容，有条理的全部列出来，把困难抛给改卷老师。
5．育明考研温馨提示
第一，在回答简答题的时候，一定要有头有尾，换言之，必须要进行核心名词含义的阐释。第二，在回答的时候字数一般在800-1000为佳，时间为15-20分钟。
（三）论述题
1．育明考研名师解析
论述题在考研专业课中属于中等偏上难度的题目，考察对学科整体的把握和对知识点的灵活运用，进而运用理论知识来解决现实的问题。但是，如果我们能够洞悉论述题的本质，其实回答起来还是非常简单的。论述题，从本质上看，是考察队多个知识点的综合运用能力。因此，这就要求我们必须对课本的整体框架和参考书的作者的写书的内部逻辑。这一点是我们育明考研专业课讲授的重点，特别是对于跨专业的考生来说，要做到这一点，难度非常大。
2．育明考研答题攻略：论述题三步走答题法
是什么——》为什么——》怎么样
第一，论述题中重要的核心概念，要阐释清楚；论述题中重要的理论要点要罗列到位。这些是可以在书本上直接找到的，是得分点，也是进一步分析的理论基点。
第二，要分析目前所存在问题出现的原因。这个部分，基本可以通过对课本中所涉及的问题进行总结而成。
第三，提出自己合理化的建议。
3．育明教育答题示范
例如：结合治理理论，谈谈我们政府改革。
第一，阐释“治理”的定义，然后分段阐释“治理理论的核心主张，包括理论主张和政策主张”。第二，分析目前“政府改革”中存在的问题及其原因。
第三，结合治理理论的理论和政策主张，并结合相关的一些理论提出自己的改革措施。我们育明考研经过长期摸索，总结了一套考研专业课答题模板。
4．危机应对
万一遇到自己没有碰到的问题，特别是没有关注到的热点问题怎么办呢？其实，论述题虽然是考察考生运用知识点分析问题的能力，其核心还是在于课本知识，在于理论。因此在回答的时候一定要紧扣理论不放松。
5．育明考研温馨提示
第一，回答的视角要广，不要拘泥于一两个点。
第二，在回答论述题的时候一定要有条理性，但是条数不宜过多，在5-8条为主。字数在1500左右。用时为25-30分钟。
（四）案例分析题
1．育明考研名师解析
案例分析与其说是在考察案例，不如说是再考察考生对核心理论和知识点的掌握。难度适中。但是很容易丢分，想要得高分，比较难。
2．育明考研答题攻略：案例分析两点分析法
理论结合——》案例分析
第一，对材料所涉及的问题寻找理论依据。
第二，结合材料进行分析
3．育明教育答题示范
例如：关于北京公交车现行的问题，运用公共政策知识分析。
第一，要精确找到所考察的知识点——政策工具。然后阐述什么事政策工具，包括哪些政策工具，各自的优缺点是什么。
第二，结合材料进行分析。
4．危机应对
有时候在考试的时候遇到自己并不熟悉的资料，不要紧，抓住一点——考察的知识点肯定是课本上的，然后无限向课本靠拢，找到最接近的理论和知识点。
5．育明考研温馨提示
第一，要理论先行，不要上来就分析。
第二，如果那不准考察的理论点，就多写几条，反正多写了不扣分。
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统 一考试 2011.11.05 Part I Reading Comprehension （30%） Directions ：There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ，B ，C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage： The reflective towers of New York City ，which is on the Atlantic migrating （迁徙的）route ，can be deadly for birds. “We live in an age of glass，” said https://www.doczj.com/doc/e25896267.html,urel ，an architect.（76）“ It can be a perfect mirror in certain lights ，and the larger the glass，the more dangerous it is.” About 90，000 birds are killed by flying into building in the city each year. Often ，they strike the lower levels of glass towers after searching for food in nearby parks. Such crashes are the second-leading cause of death for migrating birds, after habitat （栖息地）loss, with an estimated number of death ranging up to a billion a year. （77）As glass office and apartment towers have increased in the last decade, so, too, have calls to make them less deadly to birds. San Francisco adopted bird-safety standard for new building in July. The United States Green Building Council , a nonprofit industry group that encourages the creation of environmentally conscious buildings , will introduce a bird-safety credit this as part of its environmental certification process. There are no easy fixes , however. A few researchers are exploring glass designs that use ultraviolet （紫外线的）signals, but they are still in their infancy. Covers, dot patterns, shades and net are the main options available. Often , only one section of a building needs to be changed. “ You don‘ t necessarily have to treat every window ,” https://www.doczj.com/doc/e25896267.html,urel said. “ It would be too expensive to do the whole building. ” The Jacob Convention Center, which has been undergoing alterations , is the most recent building to voluntarily correct the problem of bird crashes. The architects used less reflective glass and dot patterns. 1. What is the main idea of the passage？ A. New York is a city of glass towers. B. Glass tower are dangerous for migrating birds. C. New York adopted new safety standards for buildings. D. Glass towers are a new trend in the United States. 2. What is the number one cause of death for migrating birds？ A. Climate change B. Habitat loss C. Lack of food D. Crashing into buildings. 3. What does the word “fixes” in the third paragraph probably mean ？ A. Choices B. Explanations C. Solutions D. Developments 4. ___ are used in the alteration of the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center. A. Dot patterns B. Shades C. Nets D. Covers 5. Which of the fowling statements is TRUE according to the passage？ A. In many cases, the whole building needs to be altered to prevent bird crashes. B. The Jacob K.Javits Convention Center is the first building to deal with the problem of bird crashes. C. About 90 , 000 birds are killed due to habitat loss in New York City each year. D. Unfortunately , glass designs that use ultraviolet signals are still in their early stages. Passage 2 Question 6 to 10 are based on the fowling passage： Today‘s students have grown up hearing more about Bill Gates than F.D.R. , and they live in a world where amazing innovations （革新）are common. The current 18-year-olds, after all, were 8 when Google was founded by two students at Stanford；Mark Zuckerberg founded Facebook in 2004 while he was Harvard and they were entering high school. Having grown up digital （数字的）, they are impatient to get on with life. The easiest way to find kids like these is to check in on entrepreneurship （企业家才能）education , in which colleges and universities try to prepare their students to recognize opportunities and seize them. A report published last year by the Kauffman Foundation , which finances programs to promote innovation on campuses, noted that more than 50, 000 entrepreneurship programs are offered on two-and four-year campuses—up from just 250 courses in 1985. Lesa Mitchell , a Kauffman vice president, says that the foundation is extending the reach of its academic influence , which used to be found only in business schools. Now , the concept of entrepreneurship is blooming in engineering programs and medical school , and even in the liberal arts. “Our interest is the programs ,” she says. “ We need to spread out from the business school.” Either as class projects or on their own , students in a variety of majors are coming up with ideas, writing business plans and seeing them through to prototype and , often, market. In their spare time , students in agricultural economics at Purdue invent new uses for bean ；industrial design majors at Syracuse, in special laboratory , create wearable technologies. （78）The entrepreneurship movement has its critics , especially among those who see college as a time for extensive academic exploration. “I just don ‘t think that entrepreneurship ranks so high in terms of national need ,” says Daniel S.Greenberg, author of Science for sale：The perils, Rewards and Delusions of Campus Capitalism. Leonard A.Schlesinger , Babson College‘s president, says that the question of whether innovation can really be taught is “ an age-old argument” 6. When Google and Facebook were established , the founders were still ____ . A. in high school B. in the army C. in primary school D. at college 7. According to the passage, what is the main purpose of entrepreneurship education ？ A. To prepare students for future academic life
工商管理硕士现已成为近几年来颇受欢迎的专业之一，因为对于在读该专业的同学来说，毕业之后不仅可直接报考相对应的硕士专业，且对工作经验也没有影响，那报考的条件是什么呢，下边带您了解。 一、基本条件 每个考MBA的同学必须满足的基本条件： 1. 大学本科毕业后有3年或3年以上工作经验； 2. 大专毕业后有5年或5年以上工作经验，达到与大学本科毕业生同等学力； 3. 已获硕士学位或博士学位并有2年或2年以上工作经验。 以上条件至少满足一条即可。 工作年限：其算法是截止至MBA开学报名的那天（一般是9月1日）。譬如，你本科毕业，只要在2021年9月1日前满3年的工作经验。那么，即便现在的你还只有2年的工作经验，也可以参加2020年12月底的联考笔试。 二、附加条件
少部分MBA院校为了筛选生源，增加了报考的门槛。如上交高金等学校，在报考条件中标明本科及以上学历报考。就是说，专科学历的申请人，即使本人的背景非常之优秀，也与这些学校有缘无分了。要知道很多同学虽然学历为专科，但其履历绝不逊色，甚至比绝多数申请者都要优秀许多。但是，现在是“卖方市场”，对于部分MBA学校来说，报考人数越来越多，根本不愁找不到优质生源。 三、终极条件 MBA的定位、项目不同，面向的招生对象也不一样。因此，除了看院校MBA的报考条件以外，还得了解院校对招生对象的描述。最后，要说的是有些名校不是很好考，但是大部分学校并不是很难考。具体要看你选什么样的学校，另外，学校也更看重面试成绩，如果你有丰富的工作经验，这些在面试上都会给你加分的。 综上就是有关工商管理硕士报考条件的介绍，希望对大家进一步的了解有所帮助，同时，如有不清楚的可咨询郑州太奇教育科技股份有限公司。
工商管理学位英语考试模拟题—阅读理解题 1. The English have the reputation of being very different from all other nationalities. It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest of Europe has much to do with it. Whatever the reasons, it may be fairly stated that the Englishman has developed some attitudes and habits distinguishing him from other nationalities. Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, and reserved person among people he knows well. Before strangers he often seems inhibited, even embarrassed. You have only to witness a railway compartment any morning or evening to see the truth. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing(打盹)in a corner, and no one speaks. An English wit once suggested to overseas visitors, "On entering a railway compartment shake hands with all the passengers." Needless to say, he was not being serious. There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior, which, if broken, makes the person immediately the object of suspicion. It is well known that the English seldom show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion etc. Of course, an Englishman feels no less than any other nationality. Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl. A man of more emotional temperament might describe her as "a marvelous jewel", while the Englishman will flatly state "Um,
工商管理专业英语重点 一．名词解释： 1.what is a manager? 答： A manager is a person who plans,organizes,directs,and controls the allocation of human ,material,financial,and information resources in pursuit of the organization’s goals. 2.What is the difference between middle managers and first-line managers? 答：The heavier emphasis onmanaging group performance and allocating resources represent the most important differences between first-line ang middle managers. 3.How can you characterize top-managers’ work? 答：Top managers spend most of their day(over 75 percent) planning and leading.pressures and demands on top managers can be intense. 4.What is the one of natural outcomes of outsourcing? 答：Modular corporations come into being. 二．选词填空 1.Adrian was in charge of the allocation of available funds. 2.Our firm is oriented towards the export side of the business. 3.The on-time delivery of goods is required in the contract. 4.The graphic display s will be heloful to illustrate the increase of the output. https://www.doczj.com/doc/e25896267.html,panies cannot survive fierce competition without innovative personnels. 6.Keeping the accounts is part and parcel of my job. 7.The CEO and other high-level executives are often referred to as top management. 8.The tasks that managers do include planning,organizing,leading,andcontrolling the work of an organization. 9.Functional managers supervise employees having expertise in one area,such as accounting,humanresources,sales,finance,marketing,or production. 10.general managers are responsible for the operations of a more complex unit,such as a company or a division. 11.He carried out a number of frauds on trusting people who lent him money.. 12.He would not havesucceeded in such a risky business if he had not been such a clever entrepreneur. 13.They could not tell the commcnding officer from his subordinates. 14.The two old rivals vie for the frist place. 15.Some people cannot be trusted to work wihout supervision. 16.Half of the medical supplies have already been allocated to the victims of the earthquake. 17.Can you differentiate this kind of rose from the others? 18.The factory has laid off workers because of the drop in sales. 19.They were blame for their failure to hold down expenditure. 20.The company has slashed the costs of the project in order to seize the last chance to survive. 21.The company is try ing to diversify its range of products so that they can get more market shares. 22.Mr. Black realized that his company was in dire straits and it went bey ond him to deal with the whole situation. 23.Tom, my next door neighbor, is exempt form military service because of his poor health. 24.With the economic environment improved , his company’s sale in that area is getting less susceptible to the crisis. 25.Mr.White declared that he was not liable for his partner’s debts.
2005春工商学位英语（4） 一、语音单选题 1、period A. request B. perseverance C. recognize D. require 答案 B. 2、pressure A. directly B. oxygen C. absence D. camera 答案A 3、geography A. regret B. envy C. remark D. deck 答案C 4、creature A. effect B. energy C. reduce D. belief 答案D 5、replied A. entered B. asked C. stepped D. added 答案A 6、counter A. country B. south C. tough D. enough 答案B 7、scatter A. laboratory B. separate C. gravity D. various 答案C 8、twinkle
A. windy B. drink C. footprint D. interesting 答案B 9、eyebrow A. town B. follow C. slow D. fellow 答案A 10、schoolyard A. coo B. cook C. poor D. childhood 答案A 11、He just couldn't ___what in the world she had been talking about all the time. A. figure out B. catch on C. set out D. work on 答案A 12、Children who are over-protected by their parents may become_____ A. hurt B. damaged C. spoiled D. harmed 答案C 13、The bridge was named _____ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people. A. after B. with C. by D. from 答案A 14、I'd like to ______the lessons once more before we take the exam tomorrow. A. go for B. go over C. go round D. go about 答案B 15、Depending on____, Mary led us through an unknown part of the forest. A. intuition B. sense C. vision D. image 答案A 16、My camera can be _____ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.
Unit one formal organization 正式组织 division of labor 劳动分工departmentalization 部门化 delegation 授权 stakeholders 利害相关者 organizational chart 组织结构图 flatter organization 扁平组织 cash flow 现金流量 trade credit 商业信用 short-term loans 短期贷款 commercial paper商业票据 life insurance companies 人寿保险公司pension funds 退休基金 bonds 债券 stocks 股票 unit two macroeconomics 宏观经济学 national income theory 国民收入理论inflation通货膨胀 deflation通货紧缩 the level of interest rates 利率水平international trade balance国际贸易平衡monetary policy 货币政策 fiscal policy财政政策 unemployment rate 失业率 price index 价格指数 the consumer price index 消费价格指数 the producer price index 生产价格指数 the GDP price deflator GDP 价格平减指数nominal GDP 名义GDP real GDP实际GDP disposable income 可支配收入 transfer payment 转移支付 substitution effect 替代效应 income effect 收入效应 equilibrium price均衡价格 equilibrium output均衡产出 oil embargo 石油禁运 multiplier effect 乘数效应 expansionary monetary policy扩张货币政策time lags 时滞 unit four industrial organization theory 产业组织理论
工商管理硕士与普通硕士有何区别 硕士研究生可分为普通硕士和专业硕士两类。 【普通硕士】 根据我国的有关规定，普通硕士教育以培养教学和科研人才为主，授予学位的类型主要是学术型学位。 目前，我国学术型学位按招生学科门类分为12大类，12大类下 面再分为88个一级学科，88个一级学科下面再细分为300多个二 级学科，同时还有招生单位自行设立的760多个二级学科。 普通硕士的招生考试主要是年初的全国硕士研究生统一入学考试(简称”统考”)，被录取后，获得研究生学籍。毕业时，若课程学 习和论文答辩均符合学位条例的规定，可获毕业证书和学位证书。 【专业硕士】 专业硕士对大家来说或许很陌生，但说到MBA、MPA却是耳熟能详。其实，MBA、MPA正是专业学位中的两种类别。目前，我国经批 准设置的专业硕士已达15类。 专业硕士学位主要包括：工商管理硕士专业学位(MBA)、公共管 理硕士专业学位(MPA)... 专业硕士是我国研究生教育的一种形式。根据国务院学位委员会的定位，专业学位为具有职业背景的学位，培养特定职业高层次专 门人才。 专业硕士教育的学习方式比较灵活，大致可分为在职攻读和全日制学习两类。比较简单的区分办法是：招收在职人员、以业余时间 学习为主的专业学位考试通常在每年的10月份进行，名为“在职人 员攻读硕士学位全国联考”，简称“联考”;招收全日制学生的专业 学位考试与每年年初举行的“全国硕士研究生统一入学考试”(简称“统考”)一起举行。
【普通硕士与专业硕士的区别】 培养方向不同 ▽普通硕士教育以培养教学和科研人才为主，授予学位的类型主要是学术型学位; △专业硕士是具有职业背景的硕士学位，为培养特定职业高层次专门人才而设置。 招生条件不同 ▽普通硕士则不需要报考者有一定年限的工作经历。 招生考试不同 ▽普通硕士的招生考试只有年初的“统考”，而统考以外的专业考试则由各招生单位自行命题、阅卷。 △专业硕士的招生考试有10月份的“联考”和年初的“统考” 两次机会，考生可以自行选择，而这两大国家级别的考试的专业考试，也由各招生单位自行命题、阅卷。 入学难度不同 ▽普通硕士的全国硕士研究生入学统一考试(统考)完全是严进宽出的代表。据统计，2005年研究生考试考生人数为117万，招生人 数只有32万，录取比例为3.7:1。北大、清华、复旦等名牌大学， 以及微电子、信息科学、生物医药、世界经济、国际金融等热门专业，由于报考者众多，录取率更低。据了解，一些名校热门专业的 录取比例甚至为70：1。而一些二流学校的冷门专业却年年招不满。因此，入学难度取决于考生报考的学校和专业。 △专业硕士的招生考试有10月份的“联考”和年初的“统考” 两次机会，考生可自行选择。这两大国家级别考试的专业考试，是 由各招生单位自行命题、阅卷。不同专业的入学难度各不相同，热 门专业相对难一些。例如，2004年上海复旦、交大、财大三所高校MBA的录取比例在6：1左右;2004年全国法律硕士录取率则不到10%。此外，“联考”和“统考”的难度也不一样，由于“统考”考
2013电大工商管理学位英语阅读理解 1.What does the first paragraph tell us? -The ape looks like human beings most. 2.which of the following sentences is TRUE? -Apes have weak legs but very strong arms. 3.Apes build nests in the trees but seldom sleep there for more than a night or two because_______. -They like to move from place to place in search of more food. 4.Among the three kinds of apes,_______. -the gorilla is the biggest. 5.The last pargagraph tells us that _______. -the intelligence of chimpanzees is similar to that of human children. 6.The special education mentioned in the text is mainly concerned with ________. -students who are either mentally or physically disabled. 7.A videodisc courseware is beneficial to those who have study difficulties because ________. -it allows the user to go back to where he wants to restudy. 8.According to Professor Healey,we may infer that mentally retarded children perhaps________. -need graphic representations in order to understand higher-order language concepts. 9.The best phrase that summarizes the main idea of the text is ______. -videodisc and special education. 10.The word "impairment"(Line3,Para.1) Probably means______. -disability. 11.In the first paragraph,the author implies that ______ are essential in achieving success. -ability and environment. 12.The word "frugal" (Line3,Para.2) means _______. -thrifty. 13.Some rich people consider themselves unsuccessful because _______. -they are not rich enough by their own standards. 14.The last paragraph implies that ______. -success means trying one's best at what one really likes. 15.This passage mainly talks about _______. -the difinition of success. 16.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? -Take Vacations in space. 17.The phrase "bread-and butter business"(Line2,Pare.1) most probably means ________. -The business to make a living 18.How much is the two-hour space tour for each person according to Space Adventures in Arlington?
管理学常用词汇 A 11 access discrimination ['?ks?s] [d?,skr?m?'ne??n]进入歧视 action research ['?k??n] ['ris?t?] 动作研究；行为研究 adjourning [?'d??n??] 解散期；解散阶段；中止阶段 adhocracy [?d'h?kr?si] 无固定结构的管理方式或组织；临时委员会组织；administrative principle [?d'm?n?stret?v] ['pr?ns?pl] 管理原则advanced negotiation[?d'v?nst] [n?,ɡo??'e??n]高级谈判 alignment[?'la?nm?nt] 结盟 artifacts ['a:rtif?kts]人工环境 artificial intelligence [,ɑrt?'f??l] [?n't?l?d??ns] 人工智能、巧匠avoiding learning [?'v??d??] ['l??n??]规避性学习 ambidextrous approach [,?mb?'dekstr?s] [?'pr?t?]双管齐下策略 B 9 balance sheet ['b?l?ns] [?it]资产负债表 bias['ba??s] 偏见 BCG matrix（ BCG:Boston Consulting Group['b?st?n] [k?n's?lt??] [gru ?p]） ['metr?ks] 波士顿矩阵，波士顿咨询集团矩阵 bona fide occupation qualifications [,b?un?'faidi] [,ɑkju'pe??n] [,kw ɑl?f?'ke??n] 善意职业资格审查 bounded rationality ['ba?nd?d] [,r???n'?l?ti]有限理性 bounded rationality perspective ['ba?nd?d] [,r???n'?l?ti] [p?'spekt ?v]有限理性方法
工商管理硕士要考什么 一，【英语二】：总分100分。 题型分布为： 1、综合填空(完型填空)20道，每题0.5分，共10分; 2、阅读4篇文章，40分; 3、新题型考试，10分(包括段落标题选择、文意理解选择2种); 4、翻译15分; 5、写作25分(两篇作文：书信作文，10分，话题作文，15分)。 二，【管理类综合】：总分200分，管理类联考综合能力(数学，逻辑，写作)。 1，此试卷由数学、逻辑和写作构成，其中数学占75分，逻辑占 60分，写作占65分。 2，数学和逻辑均为单项选择题。数学分条件充分性判断和问题 求解两大部分，其中问题求解共15小题，每小题3分，共45分;条 件充分性判断共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。逻辑为30道选择题，每题2分，共60分; 3，写作要求写两篇文章， 1.论证有效性分析。30分2.论说文 35分形式从命题作文、基于文字材料的自由命题作文、案例分析中 选一种。 学习方向 很多人问考MBA都有什么专业，工商管理就是专业，只不过部分 院校会把自己院校的强势科目列为自己的优势，但这只是称为主要 学习的方向，而且在毕业时的论文作为体现方式。
一般院校把MBA培养方向分为：市场营销方向、财务管理方向、战略管理方向、人力资源管理方向、金融方向、资本运作等方向， 还有一些院校根据学校特点设置：电子商务、物流管理方向、项目 管理方向等。 关于备考 其实MBA考试并不难。尤其近几年考试大纲变化，为了让更多有工作经验的人学习MBA，考试门槛不断降低，相继取消了英语听力 考试、管理知识考试、政治、高等数学等科目。根据联考经验来说，即使一个多年没有摸过英语和数学的考生，经过5-8个月的系统辅导，考上理想学校的机会也非常大。 一是带着问题以求知的心态去读MBA的人。这些人从未系统学过管理学知识，他们大都是凭借自己的专业技术知识获得了企业管理 岗位的职位，并且在实践中取得了一定的成效，同时，这些企业管 理人员在实际的管理工作中也遇到了许多问题，遇到了许多凭经验 无法解决的问题，他们感到有必要去学习，去充电，以便更好地解 决工作中的实际问题。 二是一些在工作中不太顺利的年轻人，为了给自己一个新的起点，给自己一个新的希望，他们也选择了MBA。他们对MBA的期望值往往高于其他人。这群人期望以MBA作为一个跳板，实现自己的人生理想。 三是一些学历不太高，工作待遇不理想的人，当他们从各种媒体上看到MBA的有关资料时，认为MBA是一个通向黄金殿堂的黄金大道，于是他们也义无反顾地选择了MBA。 四是看中了MBA这个庞大的同学群体的人，他们并不需要再学习什么，他们既有了现代的管理知识，又有了管理的实践经验，他们 认为学MBA最重要的是在名校结识一批未来的管理精英，结一张硕 大的关系网，作为自己未来的资源库，使得自己能在商场上左右逢源，立于不败之地。 ⒈首先要明确自己的定位，考虑未来的发展方向与目标。因为不同的商学院有不同的专业特长，有的可能是金融，有的可能是物流，
学位英考试试题-1 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: Archaeology, like many academic words, comes from Greek and means, more or less, “the study of old things”. So, it is really a part of the study of history. However, most historians use paper evidence, such as letters, paintings and photographs，but archaeologists (考古学家) learn from the objects left behind by the humans of long ago. Normally, these are the hard materials that don't break down or disappear very quickly—things like human bones and objects made from stone and metal. It is very unusual to find anything more than the hard evidence of history--normally, the bacteria (细菌) in the air eat away at soft materials, like bodies, clothes and things made of wood. Occasionally, things are different. In 1984, two men made an amazing discovery while working in a bog called Lindow Moss, in the north of England. A bog is a very wet area of earth, with a lot of plants growing in it. It can be like a very big and very thick vegetable soup—walk in the wrong place and you can sink and disappear forever. The men were working when one of them saw something sticking out—a human foot! Naturally, the men called the police，who then found the rest of the body. Was it a case of murder? Possibly--but it was a death nearly two thousand years old. The two men had found a body from the time of the Roman invasion of Britain. Despite being so old, this body had skin, muscles, hair and internal organs—the scientists who examined him were able to look inside the man's stomach and find the food that he had eaten for his last meal! Why was this man so well preserved? (76) It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe fi:om the bacteria that need oxygen to live. Also, the water in the bog was very acidic. The acid preserved the man's skin in the way that animal skin is preserved for leather coats and shoes. How did he die? Understandably, archaeologists and other scientists wanted to know more about the person that they called,“Lindow Man”. (77) His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadn't done heavy manual work in his life—he could have been a rich man. They found that he hadn't died by accident. The archaeologists believe that he was sacrificed to three different gods. 1. Which language does the word “archaeology”come from? A. French. B. Greek. C. Roman. D. German. 2. The word “these” in the first paragraph refers to_______. A. letters B. photographs C. paintings D. objects 3. Which of the following helped to preserve“Lindow Man”? A. Ice and Iow temperature. B. Bacteria and oxygen. C. Soil and energy. D. Acid and water. 4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?