标题: 铁路专业词汇
文章作者hxs_gx于2005-7-1 16:48:44
RE:
接点断开contact open
继电器吸起;继电器励磁relay energized
继电器释放;继电器失磁relay released
吸起时间pick-up time
释放时间;落下时间drop away time
转换时间transfer time
转极时间pole-changing time
缓吸时间slow pick-up time
缓放时间slow release time
吸起值pick-up value
工作值;完全吸起值working value
额定值rated value
释放值;落下值release value
转极值pole-changing value
返还系数release factor
继电器灵敏度relay sensitivity
接点压力contact pressure
磁路[系统] magnetic circuit
接点系统contact system
前圈front coil
后圈back coil
电磁继电器electromagnetic relay
电码继电器code relay
直流继电器DC relay
交流继电器AC relay
交直流继电器AC-DC relay
脉冲继电器impulse relay
传输继电器transmitting relay;transmission relay 座式继电器shelf-type relay
插入式继电器plug-in type relay
重力继电器gravitation type relay
弹力继电器spring-type relay
热[力]继电器thermal relay
整流继电器rectifier relay
无极继电器neutral relay
有极继电器polarized relay
偏极继电器polar biased relay
组合继电器combination relay
交流二元二位继电器AC two element two position relay 缓动继电器slow-acting relay
缓吸继电器slow pick-up relay
缓放继电器slow release relay
快动继电器quick-acting relay
快吸继电器quick pick-up relay
正常动作继电器normal acting relay
转辙机switch machine
电动转辙机electric switch machine
电空转辙机electropneumatic switch machine
电液转辙机electrohydraulic switch machine
大功率转辙机heavy duty switch machine
快速转辙机quick-acting switch machine
传动系统driving system
锁闭系统locking system
[自动]开闭器switch circuit controller
摩擦联结器frictional clutch
摩擦电流;故障电流frictional working current
动作杆throw rod
表示杆indication rod
锁闭杆locking rod
正装right-handed machine
反装left-handed machine
动程stroke
挤脱trailable
挤切dissectible
挤切销dissectible pin
牵引力tractive force
工作电流working current
锁闭力locking force
解锁力releasing force
动作连接杆operating rod for driving a switch
表示连接杆connecting rod for indication
安全接点safety contact;power off contact
转辙机安装装置switch machine installation
直流供电制DC power supply system
交流供电制AC power supply system
混合供电制AC-battery power supply system
浮充供电floating charge power supply
主电源main power source
备电源stand-by power source
集中供电centrally connected power supply
干线供电main linely connected power supply
环状供电looply connected power supply
一次电池供电primary cell power supply
蓄电池供电storage battery power supply
整流器供电rectifier power supply
混合电源AC-battery power source
条件电源conditional power source
方向电源directional traffic power source
集中电源centrally connected power source
局部电源locally supplied power source
信号机点灯电源signal lighting power source
事故照明emergency lighting
自动转换;自动切换automatic switching over 电源屏power supply panel
交流电源屏AC power supply panel
直流电源屏DC power supply panel
条件电源屏conditional power supply panel
电源转换屏power switching over panel
电压自动调整器automatic voltage regulator
自动调压automatic voltage regulation
手动调压manual voltage regulation
道岔控制电源power source for switch control
道岔动作电源power source for switch operation 道岔表示电源power source for switch indication 继电器控制电源power source for relay control 表示灯电源power source for indication lamp
闪光电源flashing power source
熔断器fuse
避雷器lightning arrester
故障-安全fail-safe
可靠性reliability
安全性safety
错误办理wrong handling
导向安全failure to the safe side
瞬时分路不良instantaneous loss of shunting
邻线干扰interference from neighbouring line
强电干扰high voltage interference
谐波干扰harmonic interference
内燃牵引干扰diesel traction interference
雷电干扰lightning interference
错误锁闭false locking
错误解锁false release
错误开放信号wrong clearing of a signal
错误关闭信号false stopping of a signal
道岔失去表示loss of indication of a switch
道岔错误表示false indication of a switch
自动缓解false release by itself
漏锁闭missing locking
漏解锁missing release
失去联锁loss of interlocking
停电power failure
电压过低voltage below level
灯丝断丝filament burn-out
熔断器断丝fuse burn-out
插接不良plug-in trouble
线头脱落wire lead drop out
维修不良not well maintained
检修不良not well inspected and repaired
施工妨碍construction interference
材质不良bad material
绝缘不良bad insulation
钢轨绝缘不良bad rail insulation
接触不良bad contact
道岔中途转换switch thrown under moving cars 人为故障human failure
故障办理emergency treatment after failure
故障复原restoration after a failure
故障积累failure accumulation
故障升级progression of failure
封锁close up
区间封锁section closed up
道岔封锁switch closed up
设备停用equipment out-of use
开通put into operation
加封sealing
破封break a seal
信号机前方;信号机外方in advance of a signal 信号机后方;信号机内方in rear of a signal
继电器室relay room
电源室power supply room
蓄电池室battery room
储酸室acid store room
控制台室control room
空气压缩机室air compressor room
驼峰机械修理室hump mechanics repair room
油压动力室hydraulic pressure engine room
信号维修signal maintenance
定期维修periodical maintenance
日常维修current maintenance
预防维修preventive maintenance
故障修corrective maintenance
计划修planned maintenance
在线修on line maintenance
脱线修off line maintenance
轮修alternative maintenance
信号集中修signal centralized maintenance
信号检修signal inspection;signal check-out maintenance
信号整治signal renovation
检测check-out;inspection and measurement
信号中修signal intermediate repair
信号大修signal overhaul repair;signal major repair
信号故障signal fault
误用故障misuse fault
妨害故障hindrance fault
干砌石Dry stone pitching
浆砌石Grouted stone pitching
液压喷播植草grass planting by hydraulic jetting
土工合成材料geo-technic synthetic material
抛填片石Throw-filling stone
换填沙石Sandstone for exchange-filling
粉喷桩Color-painting stake
护轮轨Guard rail
框架式中桥Frame-structure medium bridge
单孔盖板箱涵plate-covered culvert of single span
一次铺设区间无缝线路lay jointless rails in the sections with a throughout completion 大型机械化养路机组整道track leveling and lining with large maintenance machine 应力放散锁定dispersing and lock-up of the stress
工程技术部Construction & Technology Division;
机械物资部Machinery & Material Division
安全质量环保部Safety-Quality Control and Environment Protection Division
计划财务部Planning & Accounting Division
综合办公室general Service Office
工程试验室Engineering Laboratory
工具轨排tool track panel
铁路宿营车railway coach wagon
单元轨unit rail
换装站Transferring station
会让线evading line
生活污水living sewage
泥结碎石路面Clay-bound macadam pavement
站后工程after-station works
轨排拼装场Track Panel Assembling Yard
常电city power supply
轨料track material
成品轨排finished track panel
紧密流水法close streaming method
精细整道fine lining and leveling
围栏surrounding fence
吊栏hanging rail
统筹兼顾、突出重点、科学组织、合理安排、均衡生产、全面展开overall plan and consideration;outstanding point;scientific organization;reasonable arrangement;balance production;full extension
接轨站场track connection station and yard
基坑base pit
内燃机车diesel locomotive
往复式轨排生产线to/fro track panel production line
轨道吊track crane
铝热焊thermit welding
钢轨伸缩调节器rail telescopic adjusting device
承包制unit-work undertaking system
土工材料geo-technical material
桥梁倒装龙门吊beam-reverse-loading gantry crane
扳道员shunter
对讲机walkie talkie
梭头guard rail point
捣固机Tamping Machine
配碴整形车Ballasting and Shaping Machine
动力稳定车Power Stabilizing Machine
轨检车rail check machine
推土机bulldozer
平地机grader
压路机road roller
直尺straight edge
硬弯hard bending
扭曲twist
裂纹flaw
毛刺burr
折叠folding
除锈rust removing
焊接welding
正火normalizing
水冷water cooling
调直straightening
精磨fine grinding
探伤fault detecting and checking
试生产trial production
型式试验type test
预留轨缝pre-formed rail gauge
轨隙片rail gap slices
液压匀轨机hydraulic rail setter
钢轨打磨车rail grinder
移动停车信号mobile stop-sign
移动减速信号mobile slow-down sign
调车线train dispatching line
牵出线towing line
驼峰线hump line
铁路;铁道railway railroad
铁路线railway line;railroad line
铁路网railway network;railroad network
铁道科学railway science
铁路技术railway technology
铁路等级railway classification
国有铁路national railway;state railway
地方铁路local railway;regional railway
私有铁路private railway
合资铁路joint investment railway;jointly owned railway 标准轨铁路standard-gage railway
窄轨铁路narrow-gage railway
米轨铁路meter-gage railway
宽轨铁路broad-gage railway
单线铁路single track railway
双线铁路double track railway
多线铁路multiple track railway
重载铁路heavy haul railway
高速铁路high speed railway
电气化铁路;电力铁路electrified railway;electric railway 干线铁路main line railway;trunk railway
市郊铁路suburban railway
地下铁道;地铁subway;metro;underground railway 工业企业铁路industry railway
矿山铁路mine railway
轻轨铁路light railway;light rail
高架铁路elevated railway
单轨铁路;独轨铁路monorail;monorail railway
磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway;maglev
森林铁路forest railway
山区铁路mountain railway
既有铁路existing railway
新建铁路newly-built railway
改建铁路reconstructed railway
运营铁路railway in operation;operation;operating railway
专用铁路special purpose railway
干线trunk line;main line
支线branch line
铁路专用线railway special line
货运专线railway line for freight traffic;freight special line;freight traffic only line
客运专线railway line for passenger traffic;passenger special line;passenger traffic only line
客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic
铁路运营长度;运营里程operation length of railway;operating distance;revenue length
列车运行图train diagram
铁路建筑长度construction length of railway
区间section
区段district
轨距rail gage;rail gauge
轮重wheel load
轴重axle load
最大轴重maximum allowable axle load
限制轴重axle load limited
限界clearance;gauge
限界图clearance diagram
铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance;structure clearance for railway;railway struction gauge
基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance;fundamental structure gauge
桥梁建筑限界bridge construction clearance;bridge structure gauge
隧道建筑界限tunnel construction clearance;tunnel structure gauge
铁路机车车辆限界rolling stock clearance for railway;vehicle gauge
机车车辆上部限界clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock
机车车辆下部限界clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock
装载限界loading clearance limit;loading gauge
阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension;clearance limit for oversize commodities
接触网限界clearance limt for overhead contract wire;clearance limit for overhead catenary system;overhead catenary system gauge
列车与线路相互作用track-train interaction
轮轨关系wheel-rail relation;wheel-rail interaction
粘着系数adhesion coefficient
车轮滑行wheel sliding;wheel skid
车轮空转wheel slipping
牵引种类kinds of traction;category of traction
牵引方式mode of traction
牵引定数tonnage rating;tonnage of traction
装载系数loading coefficient
速度speed
持续速度continuous speed
限制速度limited speed;speed restriction
均衡速度balancing speed
构造速度construction speed;design speed
最高速度maximum speed
临界速度critical speed
重载列车heavy haul train
高速列车high speed train
超长超重列车exceptionally long and heavy train
列车正面冲突train collision
列车尾追train tail collision
列车尾部防护train rear end protection
伸缩运动fore and aft motion
蛇行运动hunting;nosing
列车压缩train running in
列车拉伸train running out
列车分离train separation
列车颠覆train overturning
列车动力学train dynamics
列车空气动力学train acrodynamics
机车车辆振动vibration of rolling stock
纵向振动longitudinal vibration
横向振动lateral vibration
垂向振动vertical vibration
摆滚振动rock-roll vibration
浮沉振动bouncing;vibration
测滚振动rolling ;vibration
测摆振动swaying;vibration
点头振动pitching;nodding
摇头振动yawing;hunting
机车车辆共振resonance of rolling stock
机车车辆冲击impact of rolling
纵向冲击longitudinal impact
横向冲击lateral impact
垂向冲击vertical impact
货运站综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations at freight station
行车指挥自动化automation of traffic control
编组场综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations in marshalling yard 铁路运营信息系统railway operation information system
铁路数据交换系统railway data exchange system
运营系统模拟simulation of operation system
铁路法railway law
铁道法规railway act
铁路条例railway code
铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technical operation
综合运输comprehensive transport;multi-mode transport;intermode transport
国际铁路联运international railway through traffic
大陆桥;洲际铁路transcontinental railway;intercontinental railway;land-railway
国际联运协定agreement of international through traffic
国际联运议定书protocol of international through traffic
国际铁路联运公约convention of international railway through traffic
铁路新线建设newly-built railway construction
铁路技术改造technical reform of railway;technical renovation of railway;betterment and improvement of railway
铁路主要技术条件main technical standard of railway;main techincal requirement of railway 单位工程unit project
分部工程part project
分项工程item project
预可行性研究pre-feasibility study
项目建议书proposed task of project
可行性研究feasibility study
设计阶段design phase;design stage
三阶段设计three-step design;three-phase design
两阶段设计two-step design;two-phase design
一阶段设计one-step design;one-phase design
初步设计preliminary design
技术设计technical design
扩大初步设计enlarged preliminary design;expanded preliminary design
施工图设计construction detail design;working-drawing design
变更设计altered design
设计概算apporximate estimate of design;budgetary estimate of design
个别概算individual approximate estimate
综合概算comprehensive approximate estimate
总概算sum of approximate estimate;total estimate;summary estimate
修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate;revised general estimate
调整总概算adjusted sum of approximate estimate
投资检算checking of investment
预算定额rating of budget;rating form for budget
概算定额rating of approximate estimate;rating form for estimate
投资估算investment estimate
估算指标index of estimate
机械台班定额rating per machine per team;rating per machine-team
工程直接费direct expense of project;direct cost of project
工程间接费indirect expense of project;indirect cost of project
工程预备费reserve fund of project
设计鉴定certification of design;appraisal of design
竣工决算final accounts of completed project
铁路用地right-of-way
铁路勘测railway reconnaissance
调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation;investigation survey;investigation surveying and sketching
地形调查topographic survey
地貌调查topographic feature survey;geomorphologic survey
地质调查geologic survey
经济调查economic investigation;economic survey
水文地质调查hydrogeologic survey
土石成分调查survey of soil and rock composition
土石物理力学性质physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock
土石分类classificaion of soil and rock
地基承载力bearing capacity of foundation;bearing capacity of ground;bearing of subgrade
隧道围岩分级classification of tunnel surrounding rock
地质图测绘survey and drawing of geological map;surveying and sketching of geological map
勘探exploration;prospecting
挖探excavation prospecting
钻探boring;exploration drilling
物探geophysical prospecting
室内测试indoor test;laboratory test
原位测试in situ test
静力触探static sounding;static probing;cone penetration test
动力触探试验dynamic penetration test
标准贯入试验standard penetration test
区域地质regional geology
工程地质engineering geology
不良地质unfavorable geology
特殊地质special geology
工程地质条件engineering geologic;requirement;engineering geologic condition
气象资料meteorological data
冻结深度freezing depth
地震基本烈度basic intensity of earthquake;seismic basic intensity
工程地质图engineering geological map
地层柱状图column diagram of stratum;graphic logs of strata;drill log of stratum
洪水调查flood survey
河道调查river course survey
冰凌调查ice floe survey;frazil ice survey
汇水区流域特征调查survey of catchment basin characteristics
水文断面hydrologic sectional drawing;dydrologic section;hydrologic cross-section
主河槽main river channel
设计流速design current velocity
设计高程;设计标高design elevation
河流比降slope of river;comparable horizon of river
历史洪水位historic flood level
最高水位highest water level;HWL
通航水位navigation water level;NWL
桥涵水文hydrology of bridge and culvert
水利半径hydraulic radius
桥前壅水高度backwater height in front of bridge;top water level in front of bridge 桥渡勘测设计survey and design of bridge crossing
水面坡度slope of water surface
水文测量hydrological survey
泥石流流域catchment basin of debris flow
分水岭watershed;dividing ridge
汇水面积catchment area;water collecting area;drainage area
洪水频率flood frequency
设计流量design discharge
设计水位design water level
施工水位construction level;construction water level;working water level
设计洪水过程线designed flood hydrograph
容许冲刷allowable scour
一般冲刷general scour
局部冲刷local scour;partial scour
铁路测量railway survey
线路踏勘;草测route reconnaissance
初测preliminary survey
定测location survey;alignment;final location survey
导线测量traversing;traverse survey
光电导线photoelectric traverse
地形测量topographical survey
横断面测量cross leveling;cross-section survey;cross-section leveling
线路测量route survey;profile survey;longitudinal survey
既有线测量;旧线测量survey of existing railway
线路复测repetition survey of existing railway;resurvey of existing railway
测量精度survey precision;precision of survey
均方差;中误差mean square error
最大误差;极限误差maximum error;limiting error
中线测量center line survey
中线桩center line stake
加桩additional stake;plus stake
外移桩shift out stake;stake outward;offset stake
水准点高程测量benchmark leveling
中桩高程测量;中平center stake leveling
曲线控制点curve control point
放线setting-out of route;lay out of route
交点intersection point
副交点auxiliary intersection point
转向角deflection angle
分转向角auxiliary deflection angle
坐标方位角plane-coordinate azimuth
象限角quadrantal angle
经纬距plane rectangular coordinate
断链broken chain
投影断链projection of broken chain
断高broken height
铁路航空摄影测量;铁路航测railway aerial photogrammetry
铁路航空勘测railway aerial surveying
航带设计flight strip design;design of flight strip
铁路工程地质遥感remote sensing of railway engineering geology
测段segment of survey
航测选线aerial surveying alignment
航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry
全球定位系统global positioning system;GPS
像片索引图index of photography
三角测量trigonometric survey;triangulation
精密导线测量precise traverse survey;accurate traverse survey
三角高程测量trigonometric leveling
隧道洞外控制测量ouside tunnel control survey
隧道洞内控制测量in tunnel control survey;through survey
隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel portal;geodetic control point of portal location of adit
桥轴线测量survey of bridge axis
铁路选线railway location;approximate railway location;location of railway route selection
平原地区选线location in plain region;plain location
越岭选线location of mountain line;location of line in mountain region;location over mountain
山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location;location of line of in mountain and valley region 丘陵地段选线hilly land location;location of line on hilly land
工程地质选线engineering geoligic location of line
线间距distance between centers of tracks;midway between tracks
车站分布distribution of stations
方案比选scheme comparison;route alternative
投资回收期repayment period of capital cost
纸上定线paper location of line
缓坡地段section of easy grade;section of gentle slope
紧坡地段section of sufficient grade
非紧坡地段section of unsufficient grade;section fo insufficient grade
导向线leading line;alignment guiding line
拔起高度;克服高度height of lifting;lifting height;ascent of elevation
横断面选线cross-section method of railway location;location with cross-section method;cross-section method for location of line
展线extension of line;development of line;line development
展线系数coefficient of extension line;coefficient of development line
套线overlapping line
线路平面图track plan;line plan
线路纵断面图track profile;line profile
站坪长度length of station site
站坪坡度grade of station site
控制区间control section;controlling section
最小曲线半径minimum radius of curve
圆曲线circular curve
单曲线simple curve
缓和曲线transition curve;easement curve;spiral transition curve
缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature;rate of transition curve
复曲线compound curve
同向曲线curves of same sense;adjacent curves in one direction
反向曲线reverse curve;curve of opposite sense
夹直线intermediate straight line;tangent between curves
坡度grade;gradient;slope
人字坡double spur grade
限制坡度ruling grade;limiting grade
加力牵引坡度pusher grade;assisting grade
最大坡度maximum grade
临界坡度critical grade
长大坡度long steep grade;long heavy grade
动力坡度momentum grade
均衡坡度balanced grade
有害地段harmful district
无害地段harmless district
变坡点point of gradient change;breake in grade
坡段grade section
坡段长度length of grade section
坡度差algebraic difference between adjacent gradients
竖曲线vertical curve
分坡平段level stretch between opposite sign gradient
缓和坡度slight grade;flat grade;easy grade
起动缓坡flat gradient for starting
加速缓坡easy gradient for acceleration;accelerating grade
坡度折减compensation of gradient;gradient compensation;grade compensation
曲线折减compensation of curve;curve compesation
隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel;compensation grade in tunnel
绕行地段detouring section;round section
换侧;换边change side of double line
容许应力设计法allowable stress design method
破损阶段设计法plastic stage design method
极限状态设计法limit state design method
概率极限状态设计法;可靠度设计法probabilisatic limit state design method
地震系数法seismic coefficient method
路基subgrade;road bed;formation subgrade
岩石路基rock subgrade
渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade;pervious embankment
非渗水土路基non-permeable soil subgrade;impervious embankment
特殊土路基subgrade of special soil
软土地区路基subgrade in soft soil zone;subgrade in soft;clay region
泥沼地区路基subgrade in bog zone;subgrade in morass region;subgrade in swampland
膨胀土地区路基;裂土地区路基subgrade in swelling soil zone;subgrade in expansive soil region 盐渍土地区路基subgrade in salty soil zone;subgrade in saline soil region
多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soil zone
特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition
河滩路堤embankment on plain river beach
滨河路堤embankment on river bank
水库路基subgrade in reservoir;embankment crossing reservoir
崩塌地段路基subgrade in rock fall district;subgrade in collapse zone
岩堆地段路基subgrade in rock deposit zone;subgrade in talus zone;subgrade in scree zone 滑坡地段路基subgrade in slide
岩溶地段路基;喀斯特地段路基subgrade in karst zone
洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone;subgrade in cavern zone
风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone;subgrade in desert
雪害地段路基subgrade in snow damage zone;subgrade in snow disaster zone
泥石流地段路基subgrade in debris flow zone
路基横断面subgrade cross-section
路基面subgrade surface;formation
路基面宽度width of the subgrade surface;formation width
路拱road crown;subgrade crown
路肩Road shoulder;subgrade shoulder
路肩高程formation level;shoulder level
路堤embankment;fill
路堑cut;road;cutting
半堤半堑part-cut and part-fill section;cut and fill section
基床subgrade bed;formation
基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed;formation top layer;surface layer of subgrade
基床表层bottom layer of subgrade;formation base layer;bottom layer of subgrade bed
一般路基general subgrade;ordinary subgrade
最小填筑高度minimum fill height of subgrade;minimum height of fill
临界高度critical height
基底foundation base;base
路堤边坡side slope of embankment;fill slope talus
坡脚toe of side slope
护道berm
取土坑borrow pit
路堤填料embankment fill material;embankment filler;filling material of embankment
填料分类classification of filling material
岩块填料rock block filler;rock filler;rock fill
粗粒土填料coarse-grained soil filler;coarse-grained soil fill
细粒土填料fine-grained soil filler;fine-grained soil fill
压实标准compacting criteria
相对密度relative density
压实系数compacting factor;compacting coefficient
最佳含水量optimum moisture content;best moisture content
最佳密度optimum density;best density
核子密度湿度测定determination of nuclear density-moisture
路基承载板测定determination of bearing slab of subgrade
预留沉落量reserve settlement;settlement allowance
反压护道berm with superloading;berm for back pressure;counter swelling berm
石灰砂桩lime sand pile
换土change soil;soil replacement
爆破排淤blasting discharging sedimentation;silt arresting by explosion;discharge of sedimentation by blasting
抛石挤淤throwing stones to packing sedimentation;packing sedimentation by throwing stones;packing up sedimentation by dumping stones
路堑石方爆破rock cutting blasting;rock blasting in cut
定向爆破directional blasting
浅孔爆破shallow hole blasting
深孔爆破deep hole blasting
洞室药包爆破chamber explosive package blasting;chamher blasting
扬弃爆破abandoned blasting;abandonment blasting
抛掷爆破pin-point blasting
松动爆破blasting for loosening rock
药壶爆破pot hole blasting
裸露腰包爆破adobe blasting;contact blasting
路堑边坡cutting slope;side slope of cut
堑顶top of cutting slope;top of cutting
路堑平台platform of cutting;berm in cutting
弃土堆waste bank;bankette;spoil bank
挡土墙retaining wall
重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall
衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall;gravity retaining wall with relieving platform;balanced type retaining wall
锚定板挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods;anchored bulkhead retaining wall;anchored plate retaining wall
加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth retaining wall;reinforced soil retaining wall 锚杆挡墙anchored bolt retaining wall;anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods 管柱挡墙cylindrical shaft retaining wall
沉井挡墙caisson retaining wall
抗滑桩anti-slide pile;counter-sliding pile
护墙guard wall
护坡slope protection;revertment;pitching
排水沟weep drain;drainage ditch;drain ditch
边沟;侧沟side ditch
天沟gutter;overhead ditch;intercepting ditch
吊沟suspended ditch
跌水hydraulic drop
截水沟intercepting ditch;catch-drain
急流槽chute
排水槽drainage channel
渗水暗沟blind drain
渗水隧洞leak tunnel;permeable tunnel;drainage tunnel
渗井leaching well;seepage well
渗管leaky pipe
平孔排水horizontal hole drainage
反滤层reverse filtration layer;inverted filter;protective filter
检查井inspection well;manhole
砂井;排水砂井sand drain
隔断层insulating course;insulating layer
透水路堤pervious embankment;permeable embankment
渗水路堤immerseable embankment
排水砂垫层sand filled drainage layer;drainage sand blanker
坡面防护slope protection
护岸revetment;shore protection
导流堤diversion dike
拦石墙stone cut off wall;stone falling wall;buttree
落石槽stone falling channel;trough for catching falling rocks
柴排firewood raft;mattress;willow fascine
固沙造林stabilization for sands by afforestation
挡风墙wind-break wall
防风栅栏wind break fence
砂土液化sand liquefaction
中-活载CR-live loading;China railway standard loading
桥梁标准活载standard live load for bridge
桥梁荷载谱bridge load spectrum
换算均布活载equivalent uniform live load
设计荷载design load
主力principal load
恒载dead load
土压力earth load
静水压力hydrostatic pressure
浮力buoyancy
列车活载live load of train
列车离心力centrifugal force of train
列车冲击力;冲击荷载impact force of train
冲击系数ceofficient of impact
人行道荷载sidewalk loading
附加力subsidiary load;secondary load
列车制动力braking force of train
列车牵引力tractive force of train
风荷载wind load
列车横向摇摆力lateral swaying force of train
流水压力pressure of water flow
冰压力ice pressure
冻胀力frost heaving force
特殊荷载particular load
船只或排筏的撞击力collision force of ship or raft
地震力seismic force
地震烈度earthquake intensity
地震震级earthquake magnitude
施工荷载constructional loading
荷载组合loading conbination
铁路桥railway bridge
公铁两用桥combined bridge;combined highway and railway bridge;combined rail-cum-road bridge 跨线桥;立交桥overpass bridge;grade separation bridge;flyover
高架桥viaduct
旱桥dry bridge
人行桥foot bridge;pedestrian bridge
圬工桥masonry bridge
钢桥steel bridge
铆接钢桥riveted steel bridge
栓焊钢桥bolted and welded steel bridge
全焊钢桥all welded steel bridge
摩擦结合式高强度螺栓high strength friction grip bolt
扭剪式高强度螺栓torshear type high strength blot
螺栓示功扳手bolt wrench with indicator
混凝土桥concrete bridge
钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge
预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge
先张法预应力梁pretensioned prestressed concrete girder
后张法预应力梁post-tensioned prestressed concrete girder
部分预应力混凝土桥partially prestressed concrete bridge
结合梁桥composite beam bridge
低高度梁shallow girder
无碴无枕梁girder without ballast and sleeper
型钢混凝土梁;劲性骨架混凝土梁girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete;skeleton reinforced concrete girder
简支梁桥simply supported beam bridge
连续梁桥continuous beam bridge
悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge
板桥slab bridge
空心板桥hollow slab bridge
板梁plate girder
工形梁I-beam
箱形梁box girder
槽形梁trough girder
桁架truss
拆装式桁架demountable truss
刚架桥;刚构桥rigid frame bridge
斜腿刚架桥;斜腿刚构桥strutted beam bridge;slant-legged rigid frame bridge
悬板桥;悬带桥stressed ribbon bridge
悬索桥;吊桥suspension bridge
斜拉桥cable-stayed bridge
浮桥pontoon bridge;floating bridge;bateau bridge
拱桥arch bridge
固端拱;无铰拱fixed-end arch
双铰拱two-hinged arch
三铰拱three-hinged arch
实腹拱spandrel-filled arch;solid-spandrel arch
空腹拱open-spandrel arch
双曲拱two-way curved arch;cross-curved arch
系杆拱;柔性系杆刚性拱tied arch
榔格尔式桥;刚性系杆柔性拱桥Langer bridge;flexible arch bridge with rigid tie
洛泽式桥;直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohse bridge;rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders
尼尔森桥Nielsen systen bridge
尼尔森式骆泽梁桥;斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥Nielsen type Lhse bridge;rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders
活动桥movable bridge
竖旋桥bascule bridge
平旋桥swing bridge
升降桥lift bridge
正交桥right bridge
斜交桥skew bridge
曲线桥curved bridge
曲梁curved beam
特大桥super maior bridge
大桥major bridge
中桥medium bridge
小桥minor bridge
单线桥single track bridge
双线桥double track bridge
多线桥multi-track bridge
正桥;主桥main bridge
引桥approach spans
上承式桥deck bridge
半穿式桥;中承式half through bridge;midheight deck bridge 下承式桥through bridge
双层桥double-deck bridge
永久性桥permanent bridge
临时性桥;便桥temporary bridge
跨径;跨度span
净跨clear spam
桥梁全长overall length of bridge
桥下净空underneath clearance
主梁中心距center to center distance between main girder
节间长度panel length
梁高depth of girder
拱度camber
挠度deflection
节间panel
锚跨;锚孔anchor span
悬跨;吊孔suspended span
桥梁上部结构superstructure
腹板web plate
翼缘flange
翼缘板flange plate
弦杆chord member
腹杆web member
斜杆diagonal member
竖杆vertical member
吊杆suspender hanger
加劲杆stiffener
节点panel point
节点板gusset plate
拼接板splice plate
缀条lacing bar
缀板stay plate;tie plate
侧向水平联结系lateral bracing
横联sway bracing
制动撑架braking bracing
铁路专业词汇 一、铁路;铁道 railway railroad 铁路线 railway line; railroad line 铁路网 railway network; railroad network 铁道科学 railway science 铁路技术 railway technology 铁路等级 railway classification 国有铁路 national railway; state railway 地方铁路 local railway; regional railway 私有铁路 private railway 合资铁路 joint investment railway; jointly owned railway 标准轨铁路 standard-gage railway 窄轨铁路 narrow-gage railway 米轨铁路 meter-gage railway 宽轨铁路 broad-gage railway 单线铁路 single track railway 双线铁路 double track railway 多线铁路 multiple track railway 重载铁路 heavy haul railway 高速铁路 high speed railway 电气化铁路;电力铁路 electrified railway;electric railway 干线铁路 main line railway; trunk railway 市郊铁路 suburban railway 地下铁道;地铁 subway; metro; underground railway 工业企业铁路 industry railway 矿山铁路 mine railway 轻轨铁路 light railway; light rail 高架铁路 elevated railway 单轨铁路;独轨铁路monorail;monorail railway 磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway;maglev 森林铁路 forest railway 山区铁路 mountain railway 既有铁路 existing railway 新建铁路 newly-built railway 改建铁路 reconstructed railway 运营铁路 railway in operation; operation;operating railway 专用铁路 special purpose railway 干线 trunk line; main line 支线 branch line 铁路专用线 railway special line 货运专线 railway line for freight traffic;freight special line; freight traffic only line 客运专线 railway line for passenger traffic;passenger special line; passenger traffic only line 客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic 铁路运营长度;运营里程 operation length of railway; operating distance; revenue length 列车运行图 train diagram 铁路建筑长度 construction length of railway 区间 section 区段 district 轨距 rail gage; rail gauge 轮重 wheel load 轴重 axle load 最大轴重 maximum allowable axle load 限制轴重 axle load limited 限界 clearance; gauge 限界图 clearance diagram 铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance; structure clearance for railway;
elevated railway, overhead railway, aerial railway 高架铁路 mine railway 矿区铁路 funicular (railway) 缆索铁路,登山铁路 light railway line 轻便铁道 urban railway 市区铁路 railway network 铁路网 railway transport 铁路运输 trial run 试车 open to traffic 通车 porter 搬运工人 ticket inspector 查票员 ticket 车票 single ticket, oneway ticket 单程票 return ticket, roundtrip ticket 来回票 platform ticket 站台票 railway station 车站 station hall 车站大厅 information desk 服务台 waiting room 候车室 passenger station 客车站 time-table 时刻表 arrival time-table到站时刻表 departure time-table 发车时刻表 ticket-collector, gateman 收票员 ticket office, booking office售票处 junction枢纽站 rail and water terminal水陆联运站 platform bridge天桥 luggage barrow 推行李车 enquiry office, information desk 问讯处 way station 小站 label 行李标签 luggage office 行李房 left-luggage office 行李暂存处 platform-ticket 验票口 barrier 栅栏门 platform 站台 (electric) platform truck站台车 platform tunnel站台地道 platform roofing 站台顶棚 station-master 站长 terminal; terminus 终点站 escalator自动扶梯 The train leaves the station at..., The train is due out at... 火车在(某时)离站
铁路专业部分常用词汇中英文对照 一、职务名词 1. 路局 MD (Managing Director): 总局长 DMD (Deputy Managing Director): 副总局长 CS (Corporate Secretary): 公司秘书 MPCA (Manager Planning and Corporate Affairs): 企划部经理CME (Chief Mechanical Engineer):机辆总工 CCE (Chief Civil Engineer):工务总工 FM (Finance Manager):财务经理 MM(Marketing Manager):市场经理 TM(Traffic Manager):运输经理 SM (Supplies Manager):物资经理 SM (Safety Manager):安全经理 HRM (Human Resources Manager):人事经理 HPR (Head Public Relations):公关部主管 HIT (Head Information Technology):信息部主管 CIA (Chief Internal Auditor):内审主管 Chief Pension Officer:退休金主管 Chief Controller :调度长 2. 分局、站段及工厂 RGM (Regional General Manager): 分局总经理 RME (Regional Mechanical Engineer):分局机辆总工 RCE (Regional Civil Engineer):分局工务总工 S&T (Signaling & Telecommunication) Engineer: 电务(信号与通信)工程师 Head Commercial :商业主管 Head Human Resources :人事主管 Chief Administration Officer:行政主管 Area Manager:区域经理 WM (Workshop Manager): 工厂经理 SM (Station Master):站长 Senior Passenger Officer :客运主管 DPC (District Police Commander): 地区警察指挥官
铁道车辆名词术语——国标 Rolling stock terms GB 4549.1-84 一、一般名词术语General 1、车辆的种类 铁道车辆rolling stock,railway vehicle,railway car 客车carriage,passeger car 货车wagon.freight car 特种车special car 钢木车steel-wood car 全金属车all metal car 全钢车all steel car 二轴车two-axle car 四轴车four-axle car 六轴车six-axle car 转向架式车rogie car 关节式车articulated car 动车motor-car 拖车trailer 控制车controlling car 动车组powered car train-set 合造车combined car 简易客车simply equipped coach 代用客车substitute passenger car 双层客车double-deck coach 母车car with axle generator 子车car without axle generator 座车seat coach 硬座车semi-cushioned seat coach 软座车cushioned seat coach,soft seat coach 卧车sleeping car 硬卧车semi-cushioned berth sleeping car 软卧车cushioned berth sleeping car 餐车dining car 行李车luggage van,baggage car 邮政车mail van,postal car 了望车observation car 公务车service car,private car 文教车culture and education car 医疗车hospital car 卫生车ambulance car 试验车test car 维修车maintenance car 宿营车dormitory van,train crew car
中国铁路总公司 《铁路技术管理规程》 (普速铁路部分) 2014 年 7 月·北京 总则 铁路是国民经济大动脉、国家重要基础设施和大众化交通工具,是综合交通运输体系骨干、重要的民生工程和资源节约型、环境友好型运输方式,在我国经济社会发展中的地位至关重要。 铁路运输具有高度集中的特点,各工作环节须紧密联系、协同配合。为加强中国铁路总公司(简称铁路总公司)铁路技术管理,确保国家铁路安全正点、方便快捷、高速高效,根据有关法律、法规、规章和技术标准等制定本规程。本规程适用于国家铁路。 本规程包括高速铁路和普速铁路两部分,本部分为普速铁路部分,适用于200 km/h 以下的铁路(仅运行动车组列车的铁路除外)。 本规程是国家铁路技术管理的基本规章,各部门、各单位制定的技术管理文件等,都必须符合本规程的规定。在铁路总公司明令修改以前,任何部门、任何单位、任何人员都不得违反本规程的规定。 国家铁路工作人员必须严格遵守和执行本规程的规定,在自己的职责范围内,以对国家和人民负责的态度,保证安全生产。各单位对遵守本规程成绩突出者,应予表扬或按有关规定给予奖励;对违反者,应视其违反程度和造成事故的性质、情节及后果,给予教育、处分。
第一编技术设备 第一章基本要求 基建、制造及其验收交接 第 1 条铁路的基本建设、产品制造应综合配套,保证质量,采用系统集成技术,实现各子系统顶层协调统一,采用保证行车安全的技术设备,实现技术设备标准化、系列化、模块化、信息化,不断提高运输能力。 第 2 条铁路基本建设应严格按照国家规定的程序进行,必须符合国家相关法律法规,执行国家标准、行业标准和技术规范。 设计工作必须由具有相应资质等级的单位承担,根据已批准的可行性研究报告进行,并充分听取建设单位、使用部门的意见。 设计文件须经有关部门审查,并按规定的审批程序批准。 第 3 条工程施工须按照批准的设计文件的要求进行,严格执行工程建设项目招投标和监理制度。建设单位应会同相关铁路运输企业和工程设计、施工单位制定安全施工方案,按照方案进行施工,加强环境保护,确保工程质量。施工完毕应及时清理现场,不得影响铁路运营安全。 涉及营业线施工时,须按铁路总公司规定程序审批,且必须保证行车安全,减少对运输的影响。 第 4 条新建工程竣工后,应按规定进行验收,并进行安全评估。改建工程竣工后,应按规定进行验收。在确认工程符合技术标准、设计文件的要求,并检查竣工文件和技术设备使用说明书等资料齐全后,方可交接。新建、改建的工程设施必须有明确的质量保证期。 如运输生产急需,可按上述原则分段验收交接。 第 5 条铁路基本建设项目中的环境保护、节能、水土保持、劳动安全、职业卫生、消防、安全防护、公共安全等设施,必须和主体工程同时设计、同时施工、同时投产。 第 6 条铁路重要产品须按有关规定,执行行政许可、产品认证等铁路产品准入制度。 第 7 条铁路运输企业和建设单位应严格控制进入铁路的产品质量,建立必要的产品质量检验和质量问题追究制度。质量抽查不合格或实行准入管理但未获得相关资质的产品,不得在铁路使用。
铁路行车组织名词术语 1.铁路行车组织(organization of train operation) 铁路行车组织是铁路运输组织的重要组成部分,是铁路综合运用各种技术设备合理组织列车运行以实现旅客和货物运输过程的生产计划与组织工作。它的主内容包括:车站技术作业组织、车流组织、列车运行图和铁路通过能力、铁路运输工作技术计划和调度工作等。 2.铁路技术管理规程(简称《技规》Regulations Governing Railway Technical Operation) 《技规》是铁路进行技术管理和从事运输生产的基本法规。它的主要内容包括:铁路技术设备的基本要求和标准,行车组织工作应遵循的基本原则、工作方法和作业程序、信号显示的要求和方法以及铁路运输工作人员的主要职责和必须具备的基本条件。 3.铁路行车组织规则(简称《行规》Rules Governing Organization of Train Operation;operating rules) 《行规》是铁路局根据《技规》中行车组织篇规定的原则,结合铁路局管内技术设备的具体条件所制定的一种行车组织的补充规则,作为《技规》的补充。 4.车站行车工作细则(简称《站细》Detailed Instructions Governing Train Operation at Station;technologic instructions of station) 《站细》是根据《技规》和《行规》的有关规定,结合车站技术设备和作业等具体条件所制定的车站技术管理和作业组织的基本技术文件。 5.列车(train) 按照规定条件把车辆编挂成的车列,并挂有机车及规定的列车标志时,称为列车。 单机、动车及重型轨道车虽未具备列车条件,当指定有列车车次时亦按列车办理。 6.车组(wagon group) 若干车辆连挂在一起,称为车组。 7.车列(train stock;train set) 若干车组连挂在一起,称为车列。分为列车车列和调车车列。 8.旅客列车(passenger train) 旅客列车是以客车(包括代用客车)编组的为运送旅客及行李、包裹、邮件的列车。 9.混合列车(mixed train) 混合列车是以运送旅客的车辆为基本车组,与运送货物的车辆混合编成的列车,或是货物列车中编挂乘有旅客的车辆达到规定辆数的列车。 10.客运列车(passenger train) 旅客列车与混合列车的总称。 11.军用列车(military train;troop train) 军用列车是按规定条件运送军队与军用物资的列车。 12.货物列车(goods train;freight train) 货物列车是以运送货物的车辆编成的列车。 13.快运货物列车(fast goods train) 快运货物列车是快带运送鲜活、易腐及其他急运货物的列车。
高速铁路主要技术标准 高速铁路主要技术标准应根据其在铁路网中的作用、沿线地形、地质条件、输送能力和运输需求等,在设计中按系统优化的原则经综合比选确定。高速铁路主要技术标准包括设计速度、正线数目、限制坡度、最小曲线半径、到发线有效长度、调度指挥方式、最小行车间隔、机车类型、机车交路、列车运行控制方式和牵引质量等。这些技术标准是确定铁路能力大小的决定因素,一条铁路选用不同的技术标准对设计线的工程造价和运营质量有重大影响,同时它们又是确定设计线的工程标准和设备类型的依据。 1.设计速度 设计速度应根据项目在铁路网中的作用、运输需求、工程条件,经综合技术经济比较后确定,并符合旅行时间目标值的要求。 2.正线数目 正线数目是指连接并贯穿车站线路的数目。高速铁路应按双线电气化铁路设计,正线应按双方向行车设计。 3.限制坡度 限制坡度是设计线单机牵引时限制列车牵引质量的最大坡度。它不仅影响线路走向、线路长度和车站分布,而且直接影响行车安全、行车速度、运输能力、工程投资、运营支出和经济效益,是铁路全局性技术标准。 4.最小曲线半径 最小曲线半径是设计线采用的曲线半径最小值。最小曲线半径不仅影响行车安全、旅客舒适等行车质量指标,而且影响行车速度、运行时间等运营技术指标和工程投资、运营支出、经济效益等经济指标。最小曲线半径应根据铁路等级、路段旅客列车设计行车速度和工程条件比选确定,且不得小于《铁路线路设计规范》(GB 50090—2006)的规定值。 5.到发线有效长度 到发线有效长度是车站到发线能停放货物列车而不影响相邻股道作业的最
大长度。到发线有效长度应采用650 m。尽端式车站到发线有效长度可按列车编组长度和列控系统要求计算确定。 6.调度指挥方式和最小行车间隔 调度指挥方式应采用调度集中。最小行车间隔应按照运输需求研究确定,宜采用3 min。 7.机车类型 机车类型是指同一牵引种类中机车的不同型号。机车类型应根据牵引种类、牵引质量、列车设计行车速度等运输需求,按照与线路平面、纵断面技术标准相协调的原则,结合车站分布和经技术经济比选确定。 8.机车交路 铁路上运转的机车都在一定区段内往返行驶。机车往返行驶的区段称为机车交路,其长度称为机车交路距离。机车交路两端的车站称为区段站。区段站都设置一定的机务设备。机车交路的距离会影响列车的运行时间和直达速度。 9.列车运行控制方式 高速铁路设计速度为300 km/h及以上时应采用CTCS-3级列控系统,设计速度为250 km/h时宜采用CTCS-2级列控系统。 10.牵引质量 牵引质量应根据运输需求、限制坡度及机车类型等因素,经技术经济比选确定,并宜与相邻线牵引质量相协调。
铁路专用英语 专业词汇中英对照翻译----铁路工程词汇 线路工程railway line engineering 铁路勘测;铁道勘测railway reconnaissance 铁路选线;铁道选线railway route selection;railway location;approximate railway location;location of railway route selection 经济勘察economic investigation 地质调查geological survey;geologic survey 方案比较project comparison 铁路勘探;铁道勘探railway exploration 铁路测量;铁道测量railway survey 线路测量route survey;profile survey;longitudinal survey 曲线测量curve survey 既有线测量survey of existing line;survey of existing railway 铁路线路图;铁道线路图railway map 定线location of line 铁路设计;铁道设计railway design 线路设计track design 平面设计plane design 纵断面设计longitudinal section design 横断面设计transverse section design 曲线设计curve design 车站设计station design 站场设计design of stations and yards 标准设计standard design 线路等级line grade 铁路限界;铁道限界railway clearance 建筑限界construction clearance 设计规范code of design 设计标准design standard 铁路线路;铁道线路railway line 铁路曲线;铁道曲线railway curve 缓和曲线transition curve;easement curve;spiral transition curve 小半径曲线small-radius curve 曲线半径curve radius 曲线超高superelevation on curve;cant;elevation of curve 欠超高inadequate superelevation;deficient superelevation
专业词汇中英对照翻译----铁路工程词汇 线路工程 线路工程railway line engineering 铁路勘测;铁道勘测railway reconnaissance 铁路选线;铁道选线railway route selection; railway location; approximate railway location; location of railway route selection 经济勘察economic investigation 地质调查geological survey; geologic survey 方案比较project comparison 铁路勘探;铁道勘探railway exploration 铁路测量;铁道测量railway survey 线路测量route survey; profile survey; longitudinal survey 曲线测量curve survey 既有线测量survey of existing line; survey of existing railway 铁路线路图;铁道线路图railway map 定线location of line 铁路设计;铁道设计railway design 线路设计track design 平面设计plane design 纵断面设计longitudinal section design 横断面设计transverse section design 曲线设计curve design 车站设计station design 站场设计design of stations and yards 标准设计standard design 线路等级line grade 铁路限界;铁道限界railway clearance 建筑限界construction clearance 设计规范code of design 设计标准design standard 铁路线路;铁道线路railway line 铁路曲线;铁道曲线railway curve 缓和曲线transition curve; easement curve; spiral transition curve 小半径曲线small-radius curve 曲线半径curve radius 曲线超高superelevation on curve; cant; elevation of curve 欠超高inadequate superelevation; deficient superelevation 未被平衡加速度unbalanced acceleration 竖曲线vertical curve 坡道gradient 坡度grade; gradient;slope 限制坡度ruling grade; limiting grade 坡度折减grade compensation; compensation of gradient; gradient compensation 避难线refuge siding; catch siding 双线插入段double track interpolation 铁路连接线;铁道连接线railway connecting line 隧道内线路line in tunnel 桥头引线bridge approach 站线siding 站线长度length of station line 铁路标志;铁道标志railway sign 警冲标fouling point indicator; fouling post 线路中心线track center line; central lines of track 线间距离;线间距distance between centres of lines; distance between centers of tracks; midway between tracks 线路试验;线路实验track test; road test; running test 路基subgrade 铁路路基;路基;铁道路基railway subgrade; subgrade 软土路基soft soil subgrade 沙漠路基desert subgrade 冻土路基permafrost subgrade 膨胀土路基subgrade in swelling soil zone 路基基床subgrade bed 路堤embankment; fill 高路堤high-fill embankment 路堑cut; road cutting 深路堑deep cutting 路肩road shoulder; subgrade shoulder 边坡side slope 护坡revetment; slope protection; pitching 路基滑动subgrade slip 滑坡防治landslide preventive treatment 路基排水subgrade drainage 塑料排水板plastic drainage board 路基加固subgrade strengthening 土工织物geotextile 挡土墙;挡墙retaining walls 锚定板anchor plate 锚杆anchor bolt 抗滑桩antiskid pile; anti-slide pile; counter-sliding pile 加筋土reinforced earth 植被vegetation 路基防护subgrade protection 防护工程protective engineering 防护林protection forest 防沙sand proof 固沙stabilization of sand 输导砂sediment transport 路侧建筑物roadside structure 排水沟weeper drain;weep drain; drainage ditch; drain ditch 挡风墙wind-shield wall; wind-break wall 隔声墙sound-proof wall 防雪栅snow fence; snow guard 轨道理论track theory 轨道设计track design 轨道参数track parameter 轨距track gauge; rail gage;rail gauge 轨距加宽track gauge widening 轨底坡cant of rail; rail cant 轨道力学track dynamics; track mechanics 轨道强度track strength 轨道阻力track resistance 道床阻力trackbed resistance; ballast resistance 扣固力fastening force 钢轨应力rail stress 轨道承载力track bearing capacity 轨道稳定性track stability; stability of track 轨道试验;轨道实验track test 轮轨关系wheel-rail interaction; wheel-rail relation 轮轨动力学wheel-rail dynamics 轮轨作用力wheel-rail force 轮轨接触wheel-rail contact 接触应力contact stress 轨道结构track structure 轨道track 铁路轨道;轨道;铁道轨道railway track; track 线路上部建筑;轨道track superstructure; track 重型轨道heavy track 宽轨枕轨道broad sleeper track 板式轨道slab track; slab-track 整体道床轨道monolithic roadbed track 防振轨道anti-vibration track 高架轨道elevated track 无缝线路jointless line; continuously welded rail track; jointless track
中国铁路术语大全 1.国有铁路:指铁道部投资建设和管理的铁路,包括组建有内部综合性支线管理机构的铁路。 2.合资铁路:指铁道部与其他部委、地方政府、企业或其他投资者合资建设和经营的铁路,包括规范改制的铁路支线有限责任公司或股份有限公司 3.地方铁路:指地方人民政府投资建设和管理的铁路。 4.特别繁忙干线:在国家重要的交通运输大通道担当客货运主力,在路网中起极重要的骨干作用且客、货行车量达到或超过100对的线路。 5.繁忙干线:连接经济发达地区或经济大区,在路网中起重要的骨干作用且客、货行车量达到或超过60对的线路。 6.干线:连接大中城市,在路网中起骨干作用且客、货行车量达到或超过15对的线路。 7.支线:连接中小城市,在路网中起联络作用或为地区交通运输服务,或客、货行车量不超过15对的线路。 8.新线:指未交付运营部门的工程临管线路。 9.高速铁路:列车最高运行速度大于200km/h的铁路。
10.快速铁路:列车最高运行速度超过120km/h但不超过200km/h 的铁路,其中以客运为主的线路不低于160km/h。 11.城际铁路:指长度在500km以下,客货运输繁忙、相邻两大城市间的铁路。 12.铁路行车组织:是铁路运输组织的重要组成部分,是铁路综合运用各种技术设备合理组织列车运行以实现旅客和货物运输过程的组 织工作。它的主要内容包括:车站技术作业组织、车流组织、列车运行图和铁路通过能力、铁路运输工作技术计划和调度工作。 13.《铁路技术管理规程》:简称《技规》,是铁路进行技术管理和从事运输生产的基本法规。它的主要内容包括:铁路技术设备的基本要求和标准、行车组织工作应遵循的基本原则、工作方法和作业程序、信号显示的要求和方法以及铁路运输工作人员的主要职责和必须具备 的基本条件。 14.《行车组织规则》:简称《行规》,它是各铁路局根据《技规》规定的原则,结合铁路局管内设备的具体条件所制定的行车组织的补充规则,是铁路局行车组织工作的基本法规。 15.《车站行车工作细则》:简称《站细》,它是根据《技规》和《行规》的有关规定,结合车站技术设备和作业条件等具体情况所制定的车站技术管理和作业组织的基本制度,凡参与车站作业的车务、机务、
铁路工程技术标准的确定 一条铁路的工程技术标准,是根据这条铁路的经济意义及其在铁路网中的作用,并考虑这条铁路的发展以及同相邻铁路的配合关系等条件来确定的。一次建成后不易扩建、改建的建筑物和设备如路基、桥梁、隧道等,其技术标准应按远期运输需要来确定;随着发展的需要,可以逐步扩建、改建的建筑物和设备如房屋、轨道等,其技术标准可按近期运输需要来确定。 因为铁路科学技术在不断地发展,铁路工程技术标准也在逐步更新。铁路工程技术标准主要有铁路等级、轨距、坡度、曲线半径、限界、到发线有效长、洪水频率、标准活载等。 (1)铁路等级根据铁路的运输能力和在铁路网中的作用等,对铁路所划定的级别。中国1975年制定的《铁路工程技术规范》中规定,中国铁路分为 3级。其中Ⅰ级铁路是在全国铁路网中起骨干作用的铁路;Ⅱ级铁路是在全国铁路网中起联络、辅助作用的铁路;Ⅲ级铁路是为某一地区服务的铁路。 轨距铁路轨道两股钢轨头部内侧之间的最短距离。铁路工程技术标准规定:标准轨距为1435毫米。轨距大于或小于标准轨距的分别称为宽轨距和窄轨距。轨距测量法各国也有明确规定,中国规定在钢轨顶面下16毫米处测量,美国和一些欧洲国家规定在轨顶面下 5/8英寸(约16毫米)处测量。 坡度铁路区段内在规定的行车速度下对机车牵引重量起限制作用的坡度,即一个一定类型的机车,牵引一定重量的列车在上坡道上能够以“计算速度”运行的最大坡度,称为该线的限制坡度。限制坡度对于线路走向、线路长度、车站分布、工程投资、输送能力和运营指标等都有决定性的影响,是关系线路全局的主要技术标准之一。这项标准是在全面分析了全国的自然条件、机车类型、路网构成、运量发展、投资效益的基础上,本着满足运量、适应地形、注意协调的原则制定的。设计铁路时,究竟采用哪个限坡数值,则需根据各条铁路的具体情况(运量需要、自然条件、牵引动力、投资效益等)拟出各种可能的方案,经过综合比较确定。 统一列车重量(牵引定数)可以避免列车换重作业,加速机车、车辆的周转,有利于提高运输效率。所以在确定干线铁路的限制坡度时,应考虑同邻接干线牵引定数的统一协调。在较长的铁路上,如果地形难易程度差别较大,采用同一限制度坡会增大工程投资时,可采用多机坡度(多机坡度通常是线路中的最大坡度),或经过技术经济比较将线路划分为若干区段,选用不同的限制坡度,并以调整机车类型等办法协调牵引定数,或在一个编组站换重、改编。在改建既有线和增建第二线时,限制坡度的大小还应根据运输要求,并结合既有线的特点来确定。超过限制坡度地段,是采用落坡,还是加强牵引动力,或是二者兼用,应进行经济比较确定。中国、苏联、美国和联邦德国采用的限制坡度或最大坡度的数值见表1。
铁路术语专用英语
铁路专用英语 专业词汇中英对照翻译----铁路工程词汇 线路工程railway line engineering 铁路勘测;铁道勘测railway reconnaissance 铁路选线;铁道选线railway route selection;railway location;approximate railway location;location of railway route selection 经济勘察economic investigation 地质调查geological survey;geologic survey 方案比较project comparison 铁路勘探;铁道勘探railway exploration 铁路测量;铁道测量railway survey 线路测量route survey;profile survey;longitudinal survey 曲线测量curve survey 既有线测量survey of existing line;survey of existing railway 铁路线路图;铁道线路图railway map 定线location of line 铁路设计;铁道设计railway design 线路设计track design 平面设计plane design 纵断面设计longitudinal section design 横断面设计transverse section design 曲线设计curve design 车站设计station design 站场设计design of stations and yards 标准设计standard design 线路等级line grade 铁路限界;铁道限界railway clearance 建筑限界construction clearance 设计规范code of design 设计标准design standard 铁路线路;铁道线路railway line 铁路曲线;铁道曲线railway curve 缓和曲线transition curve;easement curve;spiral transition curve 小半径曲线small-radius curve 曲线半径curve radius 曲线超高superelevation on curve;cant;elevation of curve 欠超高inadequate superelevation;deficient superelevation 未被平衡加速度unbalanced acceleration 竖曲线vertical curve 坡道gradient 坡度grade;gradient;slope 限制坡度ruling grade;limiting grade 坡度折减grade compensation;compensation of gradient;gradient compensation
以下资料由西安铁路学校提供(https://www.doczj.com/doc/e55202237.html,) elevated railway, overhead railway, aerial railway 高架铁路 mine railway 矿区铁路 funicular (railway) 缆索铁路,登山铁路 light railway line 轻便铁道 urban railway 市区铁路 railway network 铁路网 railway transport铁路运输 trial run 试车 open to traffic 通车 porter 搬运工人 ticket inspector 查票员 ticket 车票 single ticket, oneway ticket 单程票 return ticket, roundtrip ticket 来回票 platform ticket 站台票 railway station 车站 station hall 车站大厅 information desk 服务台
waiting room 候车室 passenger station 客车站 time-table 时刻表 arrival time-table到站时刻表departure time-table 发车时刻表ticket-collector, gateman 收票员ticket office, booking office售票处junction枢纽站 rail and water terminal水陆联运站platform bridge天桥 luggage barrow 推行李车 enquiry office, information desk问讯处way station 小站 label 行李标签 luggage office 行李房 left-luggage office 行李暂存处platform-ticket 验票口 barrier 栅栏门 platform 站台
铁道货车通用技术条件 GB/T5600-2006 铁道货车通用技术条件 General technical specification for railway freight car 目次 前言 引言 1 范围 2 规范性引用文件 3 一般要求 4 材料要求 5 制造要求 6 涂装与标记 7 各车种要求 附录A(规范性附录) 通用敞、棚、平车技术要求 附录B(规范性附录) 专用货车技术要求 附录C(规范性附录) 罐车通用技术要求 附录D(规范性附录) 机械冷藏车通用技术要求 前言 本标准代替GB/T5600-1997《铁道货车通用技术条件》。 与前版标准相比,本标准的主要内容变化如下: ——一般要求中,新增了结构、运用、安全性等方面的内容; ——材料要求中,取消了各类铸件、锻件、焊丝、弹簧等的材质要求,新增耐大气腐蚀钢、不锈钢、铝合金、铸钢件、涂料及其他金属、非金属的材质要求; ——车体制造要求、转向架、制动装置、车钩缓冲装置、落成要求、涂装标记等按现车结构和新标准进行了修订; ——新增了附录A“通用敞、棚、平车技术要求”; ——新增了附录B“专用货车技术要求”; ——新增了附录C“罐车通用技术要求”; ——新增了附录D“机械冷藏车通用技术要求”。 本标准规定了铁道货车的基本要求,铁道货车的检查与试验规则见GB/T5601《铁道货车检查与试验规则》。 本标准的附录A、附录B、附录C、附录D为规范性附录。 本标准由铁道部提出。 本标准由铁道部标准计量研究所归口。 本标准起草单位:铁道部标准计量研究所、齐齐哈尔铁路车辆(集团)有限责任公司、株洲车辆厂、四方车辆研究所、北京二七车辆厂、西安车辆厂、太原机车车辆厂、武昌车辆厂、眉山车辆厂。 本标准主要起草人;齐兵、孙琰、卢静、雷青平、朱森、孙明道、田葆栓、章薇、肖江石、朱秀琴、刘翀原、王宏。 本标准所代替标准的历次版本发布情况为: ——GB/T5600-1985、GB/T5600-1997。
铁路各专业单词整理Freight train货运列车 Passenger train旅客列车 Heavy freight重载货运 Sleeping car卧铺车 Dining car餐车 Run-around track调车线 Inter-city train城际列车 Local train管内列车,慢车 Elctric traction电力牵引 Stopper慢车 Double-decked passenger train双层旅客列车Locomotive 机车 freight wagon货车 passenger coach 客车 multiple units动车组 metro car 地铁车辆 light rail轻轨 railway service cars 铁路服务车 Coach, carriage 客车 Motor car (trailer car)动力车(拖车)Container集装箱车
Tanker罐车 Driving cab司机室 TOFC平板拖车 Box wagon棚车 Monorail单轨 Refrigerator wagon冷藏车 High-speed railways高速铁路 Maglev磁悬浮 Open-topped wagon敞顶车 Rail铁轨 standard gauge标准轨距 narrow gauge, broad gauge窄轨,宽轨Trackbed 道床 Sleeper 枕木 Crosstie 枕木 subballast,道砟,底部道砟 fastener紧固件 Turnout道岔 Derail(derailment)脱轨 Crossing 平交道口 colliery 煤矿 quarry 采石场