12 月英语四级选词填空习题及答案(1) 英语四级阅读理解之选词填空 What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 1__________ about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We’re 2__________ with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3__________ to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作物) wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 4__________ ways of doing it. The immigrant experience, too, has been one of in harmony. Do as Romans do mean seating what “real Americans” eat, but our nation’s food has come to be 5__________ by imports—pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles. Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit-ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even moralitywhether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat forpolitical 6__________ But strongopinions have not brought 7__________ . Americans are ambivalent about what theyput in their mouths. We have become 8__________ of our foods, especially as welearn more about what they contain. The 9__________ infood is still prosperous in the American consciousn ess. It’s no coincidence,then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in suchbondage(束缚). It’s whatwe eat—and how we 10__________ it with friends, family, and strangers—that helpdefine America as a community today. A. answer F. defined B. result G. vanish C. share D. guilty E. constant
H. adapted I. creative J. belief
K. suspicious L. certainty M. obsessed N. identify O. ideals
【全文翻译】 美国人如何看待食物呢?我们爱吃，但是过后会觉得内疚。我们说我们只要最好的，但是却热衷于享受垃圾食品;我们很重视健康和减肥，但是肥 胖却又空前地在蔓延。 也许， 这种矛盾源于我们的历史。 首批来到这个大陆的欧洲人是为了寻找新的香料， 但却一无所获;首种经济作物不是用来吃的， 而是用来吸得。那时，旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，实际上却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒。 移民的经历也与此有内在的关系。 入乡随俗意味着要吃“典型的美国人”的饮食， 但是美国的食物已经被诸如比萨或者热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了。 美国最珍贵的一些烹饪来自于戴着镣铐而来的人们。 无论是在波士顿倾茶事件中，还是在南部午餐柜台前的静坐中，食物都曾被用来作为界定斗争的一种手段，这也许是不足为奇的。无论是出于宗 教原因而戒酒，还是由于政治避难而戒肉，这都与我们的健康甚至是道德的观念相一致。 但是，这些坚定的观点并不是确定不变的。美国人对他们所吃的食物的态度是矛盾的。我们怀疑我们的食物，特别是当我们更清楚地了解了它们 的成分时。 对食物的信仰一直存在于美国人的意识之中。第一个感恩节就把美国人的想象力束缚在食物之中，束缚在我们与朋友对它的分享之中，这并不是 偶然的。
答案： 1.E)essence 6.F)inspiration 2.H)doubles 3.A)components 8.I)solution 4.K)devices 9.C)standards 5.O)technique 10.B)advantage
7.L)manufacture
1. D feel 是一个系动词， 可以判断此处应填入一个形容词， 通过上下文意思， 以及后面介词 about, 可以确定选项为 D 项 guilty, 短语 feel guilty about sth. “对……感到有愧”。全句的意思为“我们很爱吃，但是往往在吃完之后又有负罪感”。 2.M beobsessed with 为固定搭配，原意为“被……附上/缠住/迷住心窍”，放在本句表示“十分重视”。全句的意思为“我们很关心健康和减肥，但肥 胖却又空前地在蔓延”。 3. A 本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词 to 的搭配，可以推断出正确选项 answer. 4. I 本句根据 more 和 ways 可以判断出需要填入一个形容词构成比较级，根据上下文，表示“旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，却激发了更多新奇的方法来 酗酒”，可以确定 I 为正确选项。 5. F 本题较难。根据 be 和 by 确定应填入一个过去分词。再根据上下文，上文表示“应该吃典型的美国人吃的食物”，下文通过 but 转折，表示
实际上“美国的食物已经被诸如比萨和热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了”，因此可以确定 F 为正确选项。 6.B 政治结果，可根据宗教原因 religious reasons 来推断此处填政治结果。 7. L 由于横线后面没有宾语，可以确定不是形成 bring 的短语，这样本句所缺的为一名词，做 bring 的宾语。根据下文解释，“美国人对他们所吃 的食物的态度是矛盾的”，可以推出本句意义为“坚定的观点也不是确定不变的”。因此可以确定 L 为正确选项。 8. K 系动词 become 后应填入一个形容词，和后面介词 of 形成短语 be/become suspicious of “对……感到怀疑”。 9. J 本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词 in 的搭配，可以推断出正确选项 belief，(have)belief in sth.“ 相信……”。 10. C 本句是一般现在时，缺一个动词，且和 with 搭配，确定选项为 share, share sth. with sb.,“与某人分享某事”。
2013 年 12 月英语四级选词填空习题及答案(2) 英语四级阅读理解之选词填空
After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists hadgood news to report: The damage and death toll(死亡人数) could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in thisearthquake. By comparison, and earthquake of similar __1__ that shook Americain 1998 claimed 25,000 victims. Injuries anddeaths were __2__ less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m.On a holiday, when traffic was light on the city’s highway. In addition, __3__made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years havestrengthen ed the city’s buildings and highways, making them more __4__ toquakes. In the past,making structures quake-resist-ant meant firm yet __5__ materials, such assteel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift abuilding off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the buildingand its foundation to __6__ the impact of ground vibrations. The most __7__designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, calledsmart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to anearthquake’s vibrations. When ground shakes and the building tips forward, thecomputer would __8__ the building to shift in the opposite direction. The newdesigns should offer even greater __9__ to cities where earthquakes ofen takeplace. The new smart structures could be very __10__ to build. However, they would save manylives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes. [A]changes [F]reduce [K]force [B]flexible [G]relatively [L]accordingly [C]decrease [H]safety [M]intensity [D]recent [I]resistant [N]security [E]push [J]expensive [O]opposed
【全文翻译】 1994 年洛杉矶发生强烈大地震后， 地震学家报告了一个好消息： 地震所造成的伤亡和损害并不大。 此次地震有 60 多人丧生。 相较而言， 美国 1998 年发生的相似强度的地震造成的伤亡多达 25，000 人。 洛杉矶地震伤亡人数相对较少，是因为地震发生在凌晨 4：31，而当天是个假日。当时城市公路上的车辆稀少。此外，在过去的 20 年中洛杉矶市 对建筑法规所做的修订使城市的建筑和道路系统更加坚固，增强了抗震能力。 在过去，防震建材指的是坚固并且有弹性的材料，如钢材和木材，它们即使弯曲也不会折断。后来，人们尝试着将建筑物从地基上提起来，然后 在建筑物和地基之间填充橡胶和钢材，从而减少地面震动对建筑物的影响。最新的建筑设计不仅为建筑提供水泥和钢筋支撑，而且还赋予它智能，从 而成为智能建筑，让建筑物能像生命有机体那样对地震做出反应。当地面震动而导致建筑物顶部向前倾斜时，计算机将会迫使建筑物向相反方向移动。 这种新的建筑设计能够使处于地震多发区的城市更为安全。 这种新型的智能型建筑造价高昂。然而，它可以挽救许多人的生命，而且在地震中不大可能受到损害。
1.选 M)。 此处应填名词， 作介词 of 的宾语， 作为后置定语修饰 earthquake， 说明该名词是“地震”的自然属性。 选项中的名词有 changes， safety， intensity 和 security，只有 intensity 可以表示地震的强度，故选 M)。 2.选 G)。此处应填副词，用来修饰形容词 less。选项中的副词有 relatively“相对的”和 accordingly“相应的”，第一段说这次地震和 1998 年的那次地 震程度一样，但造成的损失却小很多，再从后句中“高速路上的车辆不是很多”可以推断：这次的地震造成的“死伤人数”与 1998 年比少很多，即少是相 对的，故选 G)relatively。 3.选 A)。空格中要填的词是本句话中的主语，应为名词。这句话的主干是 have strengthened the city’s buildings and highways,从第三段的内容和注
释 3 的解析可知：建筑结构发生了变化，故应选择 A)changes。 4.选 I)。此处应填形容词，和其前面的 more 构成形容词的比较级，描述新型建筑与地震有关的性能。them = the city’s buildings and highways, have strengthened "被加固"说明他们更有抵御风险的能力了。选项中的四个形容词只有 resistant 符合这个意思，故选 I)。 5.选 B)。此处应填形容词，修饰名词 materials。从后面的...bent without breaking "即使弯曲也不会折断"，说明是有韧性的材料。选项中的四个形 容词只有 flexible 表示“柔韧的，可变形的”，故 B)正确。 6.选 F)。此处应填名词。根据上下文 insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation“在建筑物和地基之间填充橡胶和钢材”是为了减少 the impact of ground vibrations"地面震动对建筑物的影响"。选项中 decrease 和 reduce 都可以表示“减少”的意思，前者指稳定的逐步地减少，后者强调在 大小、程度或强度方面下降或减少。故 F)reduce 更符合题意。 7.选 D)。根据注释 3，可以推知，这里要填的词是和前面的 In the past, Laer 相对应的，选项中的形容词中只有 recent 可表示时间，the mostrecent desighs“最近的设计”，在原文中可以对应“过去，后来”，故 D)为正确答案。 18.选 K)。前面提到了智能建筑，这里说明当地震使这样的建筑向前倒的时候，电脑会怎样它，使它相反方向移动。在动词 push 和 force 之间悬 着。push 强调的是外加的力量，而这里的拖力者是与智能建筑一体的计算机系统，故这里 force 符合文意。 9.选 N)。此后应填名词，做动词 offer 的宾语。本句前面一直在描述新型建筑采取的抗震措施，本句是这些措施的结果。抗震型建筑为城市提供 的应该是更多的安全保障，选项中表示“安全”的词有 safety 和 security，前者是处于安全状态，不受伤害，没有危险，多用于人身，货物。后者常指国 家社会的免遭战争，灾难而安然无恙，故 N)security 更符合文意。 10.选 J)。 此处应填形容词。 从后面的 However 后的一句说明智能建筑的优点而得知， However 前所说的是智能建筑的缺点。 既然智能建筑很聪明， 又是新事物，那么建造起来肯定会耗费很多资金的，所以选 J)expensive。
2013 年 12 月英语四级选词填空习题及答案(3) Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually 1__________ you money or can add to the cost. Take the 2__________ example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might think that you are making the 3__________ buy if you choose one whose look you like and which is also the cheapest 4__________ price. But when you get it home you may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive 5__________ to dry your hair.The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well make your hairdryer the most expensive one of all. So what principles should you 6__________ when you go out shopping? If you keep your home, your car or any valuable 7__________ in excellent condition, you'll be saving money in the long run. Before you buy a new 8__________ , talk to someone who owns one .If you can, use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular purpose. Before you buy an expensive 9 __________, or a service, do check the price and what is on offer. If possible, choose 10__________ three items or three estimates. ［A］possession ［F］from ［K］model ［B］save ［C］best ［H］with ［M］easy ［D］appliance ［I］in ［N］adopt ［E］material
［G］simple ［L］item
［J］element ［O］reasonable
全文翻译 理智购买是一种积极的方式，可以让你的钱更值钱。你购买一件物品或者一份服务的方式真的可以给你节省钱或者多花钱。以吹风机作一个简单 的例子。如果你要买一个吹风机，当你选了一个外观你非常喜欢而且价格又是最便宜的，你一定认为你买了最好的东西。但是，当你把它买回家，你 才发现它要花两倍于较贵的吹风机所花的时间来吹干你的头发。电费加上你的时间成本很可能使你的吹风机成为最贵的。 当你外出购物时， 你应该采取什么样的原则呢?如果你保持你的家、 你的车， 或者任何一件值钱的物品处于一种良好的状态中， 从长远的眼光来看， 你会省钱。在你买一个新的用品前，先与有这个物品的人交流一下。如果可能的话，你可以试试或者借来看看是否适合你的特殊要求。在购买一个贵 重物品或者一项服务之前，要看好它的价格和功能。如果可能的话，一定要货比三家。
1.【解析】[B]save 本文主要讲理智的购物可以省很多钱的问题。你购买一件物品或者一份服务的方式真的可以给你省钱或者让你多花钱，所以此处空 格填 save，节省。 2.【解析】[G]simple 就拿吹风机作一个简单的例子。空格处用 simple 形容例子符合文章所表达的意思。 3. 【解析】 [C]best 如果你要买一个吹风机， 当你选了一个外观你非常喜欢而且价格又是最便宜的， 你一定认为你买了最好的东西。 make the best buy
即是说买了最好的东西。 4.【解析】[I]in 以怎样的价格用固定短语 in price。最便宜的价格就是 the cheapest in price。 5.【解析】[K]model 意为"样式，型"。当你把它买回家，你才发现它要花两倍于较贵的吹风机所花的时间来吹干你的头发。a more expensive model 更贵的一款。 6.【解析】[N]adopt 意为"采用"。那么你外出购物时应该采用什么样的原则呢?adopt principles "采用原则"，principles 需要用 adopt 来搭配。 7.【解析】[A]possession 意为"拥有物"。如果你保持你的家、你的车，或者任何一件值钱的物品处于一种良好的状态中，从长远的眼光来看你会 省钱。 8.【解析】[D]appliance 意为"用品，器具"。在你买一个新的用品之前，先与有这个物品的人交流一下。 9.【解析】[L]item 在买一个贵的东西之前，要看好价格和正在出售的物品。item 可用来指代物品。 10.【解析】[F]from 这个空格前是动词 choose，从中作出选择即用介词 from 来搭配。
2013 年 12 月英语四级选词填空习题及答案(5) It seems you always forget-your reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping... Such absent-mindedness may be 1__________ to you; now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the 2__________ sees. The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 3__________ the user to "label" items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 4__________ by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 5__________ label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in. It could be used in 6__________ plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 7__________ device. A spokesman for the project said: "A car mechanic for 8__________ could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 9__________ accident black spots or dangers on the road." In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, 10__________ points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified. [A] allow [F] items [K] white [B] instance [G] indicating [L] annoying [C] blank [H] highlight [M] successful [D] industrial [I] user [E] frustrating [J] complicated [O] simple
[N] articles
答案解析： 1. E 空格处需填一形容词，即从 E、J、L、M 中选择。过去分词一般用于主语是人的句子，排除 J;结合常理，忘性大常常令人懊恼，故 E 最符合 文章。 2. I 根据定语从句谓语 see 可知，主语要么是人要么是眼镜，由下句 the use 的提示，故选 I。 3. A 该空需填入一个动词，即从备选项 A、H 中选择，有 allow sb. to do sth.的结构，且语义符合文意，故选 A。 4. F 由上文的 label items 可推知 F 最符合文意。 5. C 该空需填入一个形容词，由下文的 fill in 可推知 C(空白的)最符合文意。 6. D 由该句中的相关信息词 mechanics(机械师)和 identify machine parts 可推知 D 最符合文意。 7. J 该空需填入一个形容词修饰名词 device(设备)，由常识可知工厂里的设备通常都很复杂，正因为复杂，不容易记住，才有必要使用这种新型眼 镜，故 J 最符合文意。 8. B 该句主句的基本句子结构是 A car mechanic could find where a part is，介词 for 和应填的词在句中作插入万分，结合选项，B 最符合文意。 9. H 该空应填入动词原形，从词义上能排出 A，H 符合文意。 10. G 分析句子结构可知，该空应填入一个非谓语动词，结合句意"在其他情况下，人们可以戴着这种眼镜随团旅游，________名胜景点…"可知， G(指示)最符合文意。
2013 年 12 月英语四级选词填空习题及答案(6) For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed a hitlist of our main fears: natural resources are 1__________ out? the population is ever growing, leaving less and less to eat? species are becoming 2__________ in vast numbers, and the planet's air and water are becoming ever more polluted. But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other natural resources have become more 3__________ not less so, since the book 'The Limits to Growth' was published in 1972 by a group of scientists. Second, more food is now produced per 4__________ of the world's population than at any time in history. Fewer people are 5__________ . Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 25~50%, as has so often been 6__________ . And finally, most forms of environmental pollution either appear to have been 7__________ , or are transient - associated with the early stages of industrialization and therefore best cured not by restricting economic growth, but by 8__________ it. One form of pollution - the release of greenhouse gases that causes global warming - does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to extend well into our future, but its total impact is unlikely to 9__________ a devastating (令人心神不安的) problem. A bigger problem may well turn out to be an inappropriate response to it. Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmental standards are declining and some factors seem to cause this disjunction between 10__________ and reality. A) pose B) exaggerated G) wealthy L) predicted C) accelerating H) magnified M) abundant D) extinct I) starving N) conception E) exist J) head O) reducing
F) perception K) running
1. K
2. D 3. M 4. J 5. I
6. L 7. B 8. C 9. A
10. F
2013 年 12 月英语四级选词填空习题及答案(7 EI NIno is name given to the masterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world.This strange ___1_____happens every five to eight years.It starts in the PAacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds( 信风)， which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in ____2____,the ocean comperatures rise causing the Peru current flowing in form the east to warm up by as much as 5`C. The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects.The hot,humid(潮湿的)air over the ocean causes severe ___3___thunderstorms.The rainfall is increased acrossAounth American ____4____floods to Peru.In the West pacific,there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia.So while some parts of the world perpare for heavy rains and floods,other parts face drought,poor crops and____5____. EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months The 1982-83 EI Nino brough the most___6____weather in mordern history .Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds ____7___of damage.The 1990 EI Nino will ____9___,but they are still not __10___sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be. A)estimate F)phenomenon K)starvation B)strength G)stable L)bringing C)deliberately H)attraction M)exhaustion D)notify I)completely N)worth E)tropical J)destructive O)strike
1. P phenomenon
2. B strength 3. E tropical 4. L bringing 5. K starvation
6. J destructive 7. N worth 8. A estimate 9. O strike 10. I completely
2013 年 12 月英语四级选词填空习题及答案(8) Have you ever known anyone famous? If so, you may have found that they are remarkably similar to the rest of us. You may have even heard them __1__ to people saying there is anything different about them. "I'm really just a normal guy," __2__ an actor who has recently rocketed into the spotlight. There is, of course, usually a brief period when they actually start to believe they are as great as their __3__ fans suggest. They start to wear __4__ clothes and talk as if everyone should hear what they have to say. This period, however, does not often last long. They fall back to reality as fast as they had __5__ risen above it all. What will it feel like to soar to such __6__ and look down like an eagle from up high on everyone else? And what will it feel like to have flown so high only to
__7__ from your dream and realize you; are only human? Some only see the __8__ in losing something they had gained. They often make __9__ attempts to regain what they lost. Often these efforts result in even greater pain. Some become __10__ financially and emotionally. The only real winners are those who are happy to be back on the ground with the rest of us. A) desperate F) protects K) object B) disappointing G) altitude L) worshipping C) cruelty D) bankrupt J) contest O) protests E) fancy
H) similarly M) dignity
I) wake
N) originally
1. K 2. O 3. L 4. E 5. N 6. G 7. I 8. C 9. A 10. D
2013 年 12 月英语四级选词填空习题及答案(9) When Roberto Feliz came to the USA from the Dominican Republic, he knew only a few words of English .Education soon became a __1__. "I couldn't understand anything," he said. He __2__ from his teachers, came home in tears , and thought about dropping out. Then Mrs. Malave , a bilingual educator, began to work with him while teaching him math and science in his __3__Spanish."She helped me stay smart while teaching me English ,"he said .Given the chance to demonstrate his ability, he __4__ confidence and began to succeed in school. Today, he is a __5__ doctor, runs his own clinic ,and works with several hospitals .Every day ,he uses the language and academic skills he __6__ through bilingual education to treat his patients. Roberto's story is just one of __7__ success stories. Research has shown that bilingual education is the most __8__ way both to teach children English and ensure that they succeed academically. In Arizona and Texas, bilingual students __9__ outperform their peers in monolingual programs. Calexico, Calif. , implemented bilingual education, and now has dropout rates that are less than half the state average and college __10__ rates of more than 90%.In E1 Paso ,bilingual education programs have helped raise student scores from the lowest in Texas to among the highest in the nation. A) wonder F) native K) decent B) acquired G) acceptance L) countless C) consistently H) effective M) recalled D) regained I) hid E) nightmare
J) prominent O) automatically
N) breakthrough
1. E 2. I 3. F 4. D 5. J 6. B 7 L 8. H 9. C
10.G
2013 年 12 月英语四级选词填空习题及答案(10) As war spreads to many corners of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education __1__. The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the __2__ of peacemakers. The Children's Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated (提名) for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. groups of children __3__ as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogota known as The Schools of Peace. The classroom __4__ opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with __5__, peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step __6__toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are __7__ useful when helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and __8__ on starting a Kindness Campaign. The World Centers of Compassion for Children International call attention to children's rights and how to help the __9__ of war. Starting a Peacemakers' Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of the __10__ school. A) victims F) offers K) entire B) technology G) information L) cooperative C) role H) images D) respectively I) forward E) projects J) especially O) acting
M) comprehensive
N) assuming
1. E 2. C 3. O 4. F 5. L 6. I 7. J 8. G 9. A 10.K
When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones-the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the US has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be __1__ wasteful to tear them all down and __2__ them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the __3__ carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest __4__, the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of US carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and __5__ our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing building," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust. With some __6__, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that __7__ over time and let in more outside air. Fortunately, there are a __8__ number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from __9__ ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help __10__ property owners from rising power costs. [A] accommodations [B] clumsy [C] doubtfully [D] exceptions [E] expand [F] historic [G] incredibly [H] powering [I] protect [J] reduced [K] replace [L] sense [M] shifted [N] supplying [O] vast
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are requested to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Once the world embraced the automobile, the days of depending on horses, bicycles, ferries, and trains quickly slipped into the past. People were __47__ with the speed of the automobile but they were also enjoying the personal freedom that the automobile gave them. Owning a car gave people the freedom to go anyplace a road __48__. This allowed people to and at their own __49__. This independence gave the car a popular edge over buses and trains. The popularity of the automobile made it the __50__ of the transportation system. The automobile changed our lives when it created a giant industry that offered more and more jobs. The automobile made it possible for people to live in areas __51__ from their work place. This caused cities to grow and made suburban living more convenient. Of course, with more places to go, more __52__ roads had to be built. The automobile caused a __53__ effect. Jobs increased, industries grew, new industries developed, and cities appeared. Today the automobile industry continues to offer many __54__. Jobs are plentiful in this industry and improvements continue to be made to the automobile with new technologies. We have come a long way from that first __55__ carriage because of the cooperative efforts of many people in the last century. It will be interesting to see what the future holds for the automobile. We have already seen signs of the use of solar energy in this area. As long as man has a brain, the future of the automobile is __56__. A) backbone F) enjoyed K) definite B) infinite G) horseless L) developed C) further H) developing M) farther D) background I) opportunities N) impressed E) led J) snowball O) pace （2） A college education is an investment in the future. But it can be a 47 one. The College Board 48 that the costs at a four-year public college in the United States increased 10% this past school year. That was less than the 13% increase the year before, but still much higher than the inflation 49 Public colleges and universities still cost a lot less than private ones. Financial aid often helps. But financial experts 50 parents to start college savings plans when their child is Still very young. All fifty states and the District of Columbia 51 what are called 5-29 plans. These plans are named after the part of the federal tax law that created them in 1996. States use private investment companies to operate the 52 of the programs. Every state has its own rules 53 5-29 plans. Some of the plans are 54 of state taxes. And all are not required to pay federal taxes. However, the government could start to tax withdrawals in 2011 if Congress does not change the law. 5-29 plans include investment accounts that increase or decrease in value with the investments they contain. Families must decide how 55 they want to put money into stocks, or other investments. Another kind of 5-29 plan lets parents begin to pay for their child’s education in 56 and long before their child starts college. This kind of savings program is called a prepaid tuition plan. The money goes into an account A) aggressively F) consumes K) free B) estimates G) costly L) majority C) offer H) decline M) advance D) automatically I) advise N) governing E) rate J) capable O) general
选词填空技巧汇总 大学英语四级考试的阅读部分，除了传统的两篇仔细阅读和一篇快速阅读，还有一种让考生普遍头痛的考法：选词填空。 选词填空的考察形式是：一篇280词左右的文章，文章中挖出10个空，并统一给出A-O15个备选答案。 选词填空区别于完形填空，有更大的解题难度，原因在于： 1. 完形填空每题都是四选一，选词填空第一题要十五选一，就算用到排除法，最后一题也要六选一，而且在十五个选项中还有五个根本不会用到，难度加大； 2. 完形填空每题的四个选项都是统一的词性，只需要辨析词义、搭配就基本可以作答，而选词填空的十五个选项有多个词性，解题时需要同时判断词性和词义，难度加大； 3. 完形填空每题的四个选项往往都是统一时态，统一形式，而在选词填空中会涉及选项的动词时态、第三人称单数形式、被动主动语态，名词的单复数等的辨析，难度加大。 因此，针对选词填空的解题方法分为三步： 1. 预览选项，了解词义并把选项分为四大类词性：名词n，动词v，形容词a，副词ad，在每个选项后作词性的简要标记； 2. 精读全文开头，把握文章主题，并以三个空或一个段落为一个单位，利用前后文判断每空的词性； 3. 把对应词性的选项逐一带回原文，含义通顺，时态、主谓搭配一致的为正确选项。 四级考试的常用后缀在判断选项词性时可以有一定帮助作用： 常见名词后缀： -ability usability, capability -ibility visibility, responsibility, stability -age package, shortage, marriage -ance importance, allowance, reliance -ence presence, absence, confidence -ant assistant, accountant, inhabitant -ent president, resident, dependent
最新英语四级选词填空练习题和答案 Americans are proud of their variety and individualty, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States? Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian(百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes. Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by
历年四级真题选词填空词汇大全 【1】 result 结果；发生；由…而造成determining 下决心；做出决定involves 包含；涉及；专心于limited 有限的，受限的significant 重要的，有意义的gravely 严肃地，庄重地 range 范围；排列complained 抱怨；述说 relieved 放心的，解除 respect 尊重 issue 问题，发行 prompting 暗示，推动，驱使seriously 认真地，严肃地specialize 专门从事 magnificent 壮丽的，伟大的 【2】 victims 牺牲者，受害者 forward 前进的，向前的technology 科技 especially 尤其的，主要的 role 作用，地位 entire 全部的 respectively 各自的，各地的cooperative 合作的 projects 工程，项目comprehensive 广泛的，综合的 offers 提议，提供 assuming 如果 information 信息 acting 代理的 images 影响，映像 【3】accomplish 完成，达到advanced 先进的，高等的balloon 气球 claim 声称；断言constantly 不断地，时常的declare 宣布；声明interview 接见；面试；采访limited 限制，受限的manufacture 制造，生产moments 瞬间，片刻news 新闻 reduced 减少的；使变弱regret 后悔，遗憾 scary 使人惊慌的totally 完全，整个地【4】 abundant 大量的，充足的characters 性格，品质communicating 传达，表明；通讯completely 完全地，完整地derive 得到，源于diversity 多样化；差异escape 逃跑，逃脱establishing 建立；确定narrow 狭隘的；限制naturally 自然地，合理地personnel 全体员工；人员properly 适当的 respect 尊重 widen 放宽，加宽 【5】 closer 靠近的 painful 痛苦的 daily 每日
最新2017年英语四级选词填空练习题附答案2017年英语四级选词填空练习题 After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll(死亡人数) could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, and earthquake of similar __1__ that shook America in 1998 claimed 25,000 victims. Injuries and deaths were __2__ less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. On a holiday, when traffic was light on the city's highway. In addition, __3__ made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways, making them more __4__ to quakes. In the past, making structures quake-resist-ant meant firm yet __5__ materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its
2011年6月大学英语四级真题 Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth, scientists said yesterday. While elderly people __47__ to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger, this has a(n) __48__ effect on their brain's performance and they would benefit from getting more, according to research. Sean Drummond, a. psychiatrist (心理医生) at the University of California, San Diego, said older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep, while younger people are better at sleeping __49__ straight through the night. More sleep in old age, however, is __50__ with better health, and most older people would feel better and more __51__ if they slept for longer periods, he said. ―The ability to sleep in one chunk (整块时间) overnight goes down as we age but the amount of sleep we need to __52__ well does not change,‖ Dr Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego. ―It's __53__ a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an older adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were __54__. Our data suggests that older adults would benefit from __55__ to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s. That's __56__ from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably the same amount as we need at 75.‖ 答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth) 47 N tend 48 L negative 49 H efficiently 50 B associated 51 A alert 52 J function/ 53 F definitely 54 O younger 55 E continuing56 G different 文章大意：本文主要讲述的是关于老年人睡眠的问题：是否老年人与年轻人相比只需要较少的睡眠时间？ 2010年12月英语四级考试真题 Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology
There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested inspelling .No school I have taught in has ever _____ spelling or considered it unimportantas a basic skill. There are, however , vastly different ideas about how to teach it , or howmuch _____ it must be given over general language development and writing ability. Theproblem is , how to encourage a child to express himself freely and _____ in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling?If spelling become th e only focal point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a __4__child will be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range,choosing to avoid __5__ language. That’s why teachers often __6__ the early use ofdictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing abouta personal experience ：“ This work is __7__ !There are far too many spelling errors andyour writing is illegible( 难以辨认的).” It may have been a sharP__8__ of the pupil’stechnical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omittedto read the ess ay, which __9__ some beautiful expressions of the child’s deePfeelings.The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centredon the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would havegiven the pupil more __10__ to seek improvement. A)priority B)criticism C)contained D)clearlyE)adventurous F ）discourage G)motivation H)terribleI)ignored J)difficult K)encourage L)expressedM)confidently N)bright O)motive L)expressed Answers: 1. 选I ）。由该句中的has 可知，此处应填动词过去式，且表达的含义应和后面的consider…unimportant 相近，故应排除contained 和expressed而选择ignored 。 2. 选A ）。此处应填名词，但能与后面over 构成固定搭配的名词只有priority ，故排除了criticism 和motivation 。 3. 选M). 由空格前面的and 可知，此处应填副词和freely 并列。从句意来理解，在没有拼写困难的情况下，怎样鼓励学生自由且…… 地表达自己，选项中只有confidently “自信地“符合题意。 4. 选N ）。很明显这里应填形容词，选项中terrible ，difficult 后接事物名词something ，只有adventurous 和bright 可用来形容somebody （child )，再由后面的play safe“不冒险”，可排除adventurous而选择bright。 5. 选E ）。由前一句中的be likely to “ play safe ”和空格前的avoid可以推知，此处所填词的意思应与play safe表达的意思相反，故选项中只有adventurous符合题意。 6. 选K ）。很明显此处应填动词的一般现在时，可选项有encourage和persuade 。由That’s why 知本句与前一句构成因果关系，而前一句说的是学生往往会用他们拼写范围内的词写文章，从而选择避免用那些不会的词，故由此可推知此句应理解为老师鼓励学生用字典，因此排除persuade 而选encourage。 7. 选H ）。此处应填形容词。由空格后面的too many spelling errors和illegible可知，这篇文章是写的很糟，而不是很难理解。故排除difficult而选terrible。 8. 选B ）。此处应填名词。由后半句中 a sad reflection on the teacher可知，前半句是在指责学生，故选项中只有criticism符合题意。 9. 选C ）。此处填动词过去式，本句中由which 引导的从句是对essay的解释，剩余选项中contained 和expressed ，根据句意，文章…… 儿童内心感受的一些好的表达，
大学英语四级选词填空练习（二十七） Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly __1__ to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was __2__ to a little college French. I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, __3__ unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems, set up __4__ and do research? It seemed impossible, and with considerable __5__ I sat down to write a letter begging off. Halfway through, a thought ran through my mind: you can't learn if you don't try. So I accepted the assignment. There were some bad __6__. But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places, without guides or even __7__ bookings, confident that somehow I will manage. The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition __8__. But each time you try something, you learn, and as the learning piles up, the world opens to you. I've learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine River in a __9__. And I know I'll go on doing such things. It's not because I'm braver or more daring than others. I'm not. But I'll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can __10__ wonders. [A] accomplish [B] advanced [C] balloon [D] claim [E] constantly [F] declare [G] interviews [H] limited [I] manufacture [J] moments
2010年12月英语四级考试真题 Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior. Any research that suggests that 50 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 51 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 52 they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the 53 to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture(养育), by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science 54 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born 55 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it 56 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 ［A］abilities ［I］extent ［B］achieve ［J］indicates ［C］appeal ［K］proceeds ［D］complaints ［L］psychological ［E］contributions ［M］raised ［F］displayed ［N］smart ［G］essentially ［O］standard ［H］eventually 答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth) 47. M) raised 48. L) psychological 49. E) contributions 50. A) abilities 51. B) achieve 52. N) smart 53. I) extent 54. J) indicates 55. G) essentially 56. H) eventually 2010年6月英语四级考试真题 Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be __47__ wasteful to tear them all down and __48__ them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the __49__ carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest __50__, the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and __51__