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初中英语初一形容词副词

初中英语初一形容词副词
初中英语初一形容词副词

形容词和副词

【学习目标】掌握形容词的用法,并对形容词和副词比较级最高级用法的回顾。【知识要点】

(一)形容词的用法

形容词:用来修饰名词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词,叫形容词。形容词在句中主要用作定语、表语和宾语补足语。

1.用作定语,修饰名词或代词。

(1)一般置于它所修饰的名词之前;

例如:he is a tall boy

(2)形容词修饰由some,any,every,no 等构成的复合不定代词时,需后置。

例如:Will you please tell us something interesting? 你给我们说一些有趣的事好吗?

There’s nothing special in the box. 盒子里没有什么特别的东西。

(3)enough 修饰名词时,既可以放在名词之前,也可以放在名词之后。

例如:Don’t worry, we have enough time/time enough to get there. 别着急,我们有足够的时间赶到那

2.用作表语,位于系动词之后。常用的有:be, become, get, look, feel, smell, taste, sound, turn, seem, keep, grow

例:The park is very beautiful.这座公园很美。

The soup smells delicious.汤闻上去真鲜美。

That sounds good.那听上去不错.

3.It’s + adj. + (of / for) sb to do sth. 译作“(某人)做某事是…的”。It 是形式主语,不定式结构是真正主语。of / for后面的sb是不定式的逻辑主语。

(1). 当形容词是可修饰人的形容词,即sb和adj.有主系表关系时,sb前用of。如It’s clever of you to answer the question so quickly. / It’s kind of you to help me a lot. 这样的形容词有:kind, nice, rude, clever, silly, foolish等。

(2) 当形容词是不可以修饰人的形容词,即sb和adj.没有主系表关系时,sb前用for。如It’s easy for her to clean the window by herself. / It’s important for us to learn English well. 这样的形容词有:easy, hard, difficult, important, necessary, dangerous等。

(二)形容词、副词比较级和最高级构成:

1. 单音节词和少数双音节词比较级和最高级的规则变化:

规则原级比较级最高级

1.在词尾后直接加-er/est tall taller tallest

2.词尾是e,只加-r/st nice nicer nicest

3.以辅音字母加y结尾的,把

y变i再加-er/est

happy happier happiest 4.重读闭音节,末尾只有一个

辅音字母,双写这个辅音字

母,再加-er/est

thin thinner thinnest

2. 其他双音节词或多音节词,在该词前面加-more/most

beautiful—more beautiful—(the) most beautiful

3. 由形容词加ly构成的双音节词和多音节词,都是在该词前加-more/most.

quickly—more quickly—(the) most quickly

difficultly—more difficultly—(the) most difficultly

4. 不规则变化:

good/well better best

bad/ill worse worst

many/much more most little less least

old older(指新旧)oldest elder(指年龄)eldest

far farther(指距离)farthest further(指程度)furthest

(三)形容词、副词比较级和最高级的用法:

1. 原级的用法:

1)甲=乙:甲+be+as+原级+as+乙, 用于两者之间对比,意思为“……和……相同”

Tom is as honest as Jack. Tom 和Jack一样诚实。

Her skin is as white as snow.

My dog is as old as that one.

2)甲不如乙:甲+be not+as/so+原级+as+乙

He is not as(=so)tall as I. 他没我高。

The weather here is not as(=so)cool as the weather in Harbin.

3)甲是乙的几倍:甲+be+数词+times+as+原级+as+乙

This room is four times as large as that one.这间房比那间房大四倍。

2. 比较级的用法:

1)甲>乙或甲<乙:甲+be+比较级+than+乙

Susan is happier than Jane.

His brother is younger than me.

Beijing is more beautiful than here.

形容词比较级前还可以用much, even, still, a little,far, a lot, a bit, much more来修饰。very, so, too, quite 不能修饰比较级。

2)数字+形容词、副词比较级+than

I’m two years older than you.

3)比较级+and+比较级,表示“越来越……”

The earth is getting warmer and warmer.

4)the +比较级,the +比较级结构,表示“越……就越……”

The more I study it, the more I like it.

5)which/who +is +比较级

Which city is bigger, Beijing or Tianjin?

Who is happier, you or me?

3. 最高级用法:

用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较,最高级前加the,最高级前有物主代词,序数词和名词所有格时,不加定冠词,后面跟带in或of表范围的短语。

1)one of the +最高级

Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.

Our city is one of the safest cities in the world.

2)最高级意义的表达方法:

例句

最高级She is the best in her class.

比较级She is better than any other student in her class. No other student in her class is better than she.

原级No other student in her class is as good as she.

特殊:

1)形容词最高级前一般都用定冠词,但当形容词最高级前有物主代词时,则不用定冠词。

e.g.:Today is my happiest day.今天是我最高兴的一天。

Give my best regards to your family. 请代我向你们全家问好。

2) most 有时与形容词连用,前面用不定冠词或不用冠词,意为“非常,很,极其”,用来

加强语气。这时它不表示最高级的概念。

e.g.: He is a most friendly fellow. 他是个极其友好的人。

【经典例题】:

1)---- Are you feeling ____?

---- Yes,I'm fine now.

A. well

B. better

C. good

D. quite better

答案:B. quite修饰原级,well的比较级为better.

2)The experiment was____ easier than we had expected.

A. more

B. much more

C. much

D. more much

答案:C. much可修饰比较级,因此B,C都说得通,但easier本身已是比较级,不需more,因此C为正确答案。

【经典练习】

1.写出下列形容词的变化形式

(1)tall(比较级)________ (2)large(比较级)________ (3)busy(最高级)________ (4)thin(最高级)________ (5)delicious(比较级)________ (6)much(比较级)________ (7)good(最高级)________ (8)far(最高级)________ 2.句型转换

(1)Shanghai is the largest city in China.(变同义句)

Shanghai is ________ than ________ ________ city in China.

(2)This dress is more beautiful than that blouse.(变同义句)

That blouse is not ________ ________ as this dress.

3.选择.

(1)She always buys ________ clothes though she is rich enough.

A.cheap B.good C.expensive D.beautiful

(2)Now the air in our town is ________ than it used to be. Something must be done to stop it.

A.very good B.much better C.rather bad D.even worse

(3)—Which is _______ , the sun, the moon or the earth?

—Of course, the moon is.

A.small B.smaller C.smallest D.the smallest

(4)The more exercise you do, the ________you will be.

A.weaker B.healthier C.luckier D.worse

(5)The population of China is ________ than ________ of any other country in the world.

A.larger; the one B.more; that C.larger; that D.more; the one (6)The turcky tastes ________the chicken.

A, as better as B, much better than C, as well as D, the best to

(7)I'm not ________ to lift the heavy box.

A. short enough

B. enough tall

C. health enough

D. strong enough

(8)The smile on my father’s face showed that he was ________ with me.

A.sad B.pleased C.angry D.sorry

(9)Jone looks so________ today because she has got an “A” in her maths test.

A.happy B.happily C.angry D.angrily

(10)This book isn’t so ________as that one. It’s hard to read.

A.new B.difficult C.easy D.easier

(11)All the students in our class are over fifteen except Li Lei. He is ________ in our class.

A.younger B.the oldest C.bad D.worse

(12)—What delicious cakes!

—They would taste________ with butter.

A.good B.better C.bad D.worse

(13)In our city, it’s ________ in July, but it is even_______ in August.

A.hotter; hottest B.hot; hot C.hotter; hot D.hot; hotter (14)I like Chinese because it sounds ____.

A, wonder B, wondering C, wonderful D, wonderfully

(15)The book is ________. Most of the teachers are ________ in it.

A.interesting; interested B.interesting; interesting

C.interested; interesting D.interested; interested (16)These oranges taste________.

A. good

B. well

C. to be good

D. to be well 4.按要求写句子(翻译句子)

(1)英语和数学同样重要.

English is ____ important ____ math.

(2)在这两个女孩中,露西的个子比较高.

Lucy is ____ ____ of the two girls.

(3)他买了一件漂亮的蓝色新衬衫.

He bought a ________ ________ _______ shirt.

(4)北京变得越来越美丽了.

Beijing becomes ________ ________ ________ beautiful.

5.用所给词的恰当形式填空。

(1).Which is _______ (big) ,the sun,the moon or the earth?

(2).Which is ______ (beautiful),the black coart or the blue one?

(3)This mooncake is ____ (cheap) of all.

(4).He is _______ (strong) in the class.

(5)English is ____ (widely)spoken in the world.

(6).The red coat is as_______(long) as the blue one.

(7).My sister is not so______(tall) as me/I.

(8)Mike does his homework as________(carefully) as Mark.

(9).They don't get up as____________(early) as We.

(10).He runs as ________(fast) as she.

2018中考英语形容词和副词用法总结

形容词和副词用法总结及练习 一、形容词: (一)概念:形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征,通常分成两类: 1. 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词。 2. 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词,大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。 例如:afraid, asleep, awake, alone, alive, awake, ashamed, alike。 其他常见表语形容词:worth, ready, sorry, well (二)形容词在句中的位置:有的形容词放在被修饰的名词之前,称为前置形容词;少数形容词放在被修饰的名词之后,称为后置形容词。 1)当名词被多个前置形容词修饰时,形容词之间有一个先后顺序问题。一般规则为: (限定词)→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小、长短、高低的形容词→表示年龄、新旧的形容词→表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词→表示物质、材料的形容词→(名词)。如: There is a famous fine old stone bridge near the village. 2)【重点】当形容词词组相当于一个定语从句时,或形容词用来修饰somebody, something, anything, nothing 等的时候,便会出现后置形容词。如: The boy interested in music is my brother. Do you have anything interesting to tell us? 二、副词: (一)概念:用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词叫做副词。例如:not(不),here(这里),now(现在)。 不少副词同时也可用作介词或其它词类。如: Have you read this book before? (副词,作时间状语) He will arrive before ten o’clock. (介词,before ten o’clock 是介词短语,作时间状语) (二)副词的种类 1、时间副词: 1)表示发生时间的副词:It’s beginning to rain now! 现在开始下雨了! 2)表示频繁程度的副词,也称频度副词:always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后,实义动词之前: She often changes her mind. 3)还有一些其他表示时间的副词:He has just had an operation. 他刚动过手术。 2、地点副词: 1)表示地点的副词:She is studying abroad. 她在国外留学。 2)以where 构成的副词也是地点副词:It’s the same everywhere. 到处都一样。 3、【重点】方式副词 1)英语中有大量方式副词,说明行为方式(回答how的问题):How beautifully your wife dances. 2)表示情绪的副词:She smiled gratefully. 3)还有一些以-ly结尾的副词,表示动作发生的状况:He left the town secretly. 4、【重点】程度副词和强调副词 1)程度副词可修饰动词,表示“到某种程度”:Is she badly hurt? 她伤得重吗? [说明] 这类副词除修饰动词外,还可修饰形容词(a)或另一副词(b): a. fairly simple 相当简单quite correct 完全正确 干得很快 2 b. 修饰比较级:You sing much better than me. Their house is much nicer than ours. 5. 【重点】疑问副词和连接副词 1)疑问副词:疑问副词用来引导特殊问句: 2)连接副词:连接副词意思和词形都和疑问副词一样,但都引导从句或与不定式连用: how: Do you know how to start this machine? 你知道这台机器怎样启动吗? where: I don’t know where he lives. 我不知道他住在哪儿。(引导宾语从句) 6. 一些其它类型的副词,如表示方向的副词:Let’s go ins ide. Take two steps forward. (三)副词的位置 1. 副词修饰动词时,通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。如: Usually I do my homework in the evening. (句首) I often get up at six. (句中) Please speak slowly. 2. 副词修饰形容词或副词时,通常放在形容词或副词的前面如: These flowers are quite beautiful. (在形容词前)这些花相当漂亮。

人教版(新目标)初中英语形容词与副词的比较级与最高级

人教版(新目标)初中英语形容词与副词的比较级与最高级 (一)规则变化: 1.绝大多数的单音节和少数双音节词,加词尾-er ,-est tall—taller—tallest 2.以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice—nicer—nicest , able—abler—ablest 3.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词或少数双音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est big—bigger—biggest 4.以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词,改y为i再加-er,-est easy—easier—easiest 5.少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er,-est clever—cleverer—cleverest, narrow—narrower—narrowest 6.其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级 easily—more easily—most easily (二)不规则变化 常见的有: good / well—better—best ; bad (ly)/ ill—worse—worst ; old—older/elder—oldest/eldest many / much—more—most ; little—less—least ; far—farther/further—farthest/furthest

用法: 1.原级比较:as + adj./adv. +as(否定为not so/as + adj./adv. +as)当as… as中间有名字时,采用as + adj. + a + n.或as + many / much + n. This is as good an example as the other is . I can carry as much paper as you can. 表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时放在as的前面 This room is twice as big as that one. 倍数+as+adj.+as = 倍数+the +n.+of Your room is twice as larger as mine. = Your room is twice the size of mine. 2.比较级+ than 比较级前可加程度状语much, still, even, far, a lot, a little, three years. five times,20%等 He is three years older than I (am). 表示“(两个中)较……的那个”时,比较级前常加the(后面有名字时前面才能加冠词) He is the taller of the two brothers. / He is taller than his two brothers. Which is larger, Canada or Australia? / Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? 可用比较级形式表示最高级概念,关键是要用或或否定词等把一事物(或人)与其他同类事物(或人)相分离 He is taller than any other boy / anybody else.

(完整word版)初中英语形容词和副词的用法和练习题

页眉内容 形容词 big大的small小的long长的tall高的short短的;矮的young年轻的old旧的;老的strong健壮的thin瘦的active积极活跃的quiet 安静的nice好看的kind和蔼亲切的strict严格的smart聪明的funny滑稽可笑的tasty好吃的sweet甜的salty咸的sour酸的fresh 新鲜的clean干净的tired疲劳的excited兴奋的angry生气的happy 高兴的bored无聊的sad忧愁的taller更高的shorter更矮的stronger更强壮的older年龄更大的younger更年轻的bigger更大的heavier更重的longer更长的thinner更瘦的smaller更小的good好的fine好的great很好的heavy 重的new新的fat胖的happy快乐的right对的hungry饥饿的cute逗人喜爱的little小的lovely可爱的beautiful漂亮的colorful色彩鲜艳的pretty漂亮的cheap便宜的expensive昂贵的juicy多汁的tender嫩的healthy健康的ill有病的helpful有帮助的high高的easy简单的proud骄傲的sick有病的better更好的higher更高的 二. 形容词的作用,见下表: 有些形容词只能作表语,如:alone, afraid, asleep ,awake等。例如: Don't wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep. The old man is alone.

形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词,要放在这些词的后面。 例如: You'd better tell us something interesting. The police found nothing strange in the room. 多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是:1)冠词或人称代词2)数词3)性质4)大小5)形状6)表示老少,新旧7)颜色8)事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。 当两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时,形容词该如何排列?为什么不能说a black new pen, 而说成a new black pen? 这里面有无规则可循? 如果你记住Opshacom这个为帮助记忆而杜撰的词,就能掌握英语中形容词排列的顺序。 Opshacom中op代表opinion,指表示人们观点的形容词,如beautiful, horrible, lovely, nice等;sh代表shape,指表示形状的形容词,如long, short, round, narrow等;a代表age,指表示年龄、时代的形容词,如old, new, young等;c代表colour,指表示颜色的形容词,如red, black, orange等,o代表origin,指表示国籍、地区的形容词,如British, Canadian, German等;m代表material,指表示材料的形容词,如plastic,metal, aluminium等。 英语中这六类形容词连用时就按上述先后顺序排列,如a nice long new black British plastic pen。当然,实际语言使用中不可能出现这么多形容词连用的情况。 例如: His grandpa still lives in this small short house. 他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。 The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates. 那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。 形容词名词化:有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词,表示一类人,谓语常用复数。这类词有:rich / poor; good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ; living / dead ; black / white (表示人种等)。 例如: The young should take good care of the old. 年轻人应该好好照顾老人。 形容词短语做定语时要后置。 如: They are the students easy to teach. 他们是很容易较的学生。 We live in a house much larger than yours. 我们住的房子比你们的大得多。 else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。 如:

中考英语形容词、副词总复习

形容词、副词 (一) 知识概要 形容词的用法很活跃,在英语中用处也很多,但英语中修饰可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语和词组有时不同,要特别加以注意。下面将初中学习阶段中遇到的修饰可数名词的词和词组归纳如下:many, no, several, some, a few, a lot, lots, plenty, plenty of, a lot of, a large number of, enough。而修饰不可数名词的词或词组如下:much, no, some, a lot, a great deal, lots, plenty, a lot of, plenty of。 其中some, no, a lot of, plenty of既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。 英语中形容词与副词有原级、比较级、最高级之分,其规则如下: 构词法原级比较级最高级加er,或est Tall young taller younger tallest youngest 只加r或st nice large nicer larger nicest largest 重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写该字母加er、est big fat hot bigger fatter hotter biggest fattest hottest 不规则变化的形容词或副词:

原级比较级最高级 good better best Well better best bad worse worst badly worse worst many more most most more most little less lest far farther further farthest furthest old older elder oldest eldest 要注意的是许多形容词同时又是副词,如:back, all, alone, either, far, high, slow等。而有些形容词则要经过一定变化才能转为副词,其规律如下: 构词法形容词副词 一般加ly Careful kind carefully kindly 尾是y时将y变成i加ly Happy busy easy Happily busily easily 其他true terrible full possible shy whole truly terribly

初中英语语法大全:形容词和副词

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(三)形容词原级用法 1.说明人或事物自身的特征、性质和状态时用形容词原级。 The boy is too young. Math is very difficult.数学很难。 3.表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。 (1)肯定句中的结构:“A…+as+形容词原级+as+B” e.g.English is as interesting as Chinese.英语和语文一样有趣。 Xiao Ming is as tall as Jim.小明和吉姆一样高。 (2)否定句中的结构:“A…+as/so+形容词原级+as+B” e.g.This book isn’t as new as that one.这本书不如那本书新。 I am not so careful as Lucy.我没有露西仔细。 (3)表示“A是B的……倍”时,用“A…+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构。(一次:once,两次:twice,三次以上:数字+times) e.g.Our school is three times as big as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的三倍。 This table is twice as long as that one.这张桌子是那张桌子的两倍长。 (四)形容词比较级用法 1.表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级,最明显的提示词是than,其结构为“A…+比较级 +than+B”。 e.g.Li Lei’s room is bigger than mine.李雷的房间比我的大。 This mooncake is nicer than that one.这块月饼比那块好吃。 注意:为了避免重复,在从句中常用the one,that,those等词来替代前面出现过的名词。其中the one替代可数名词单数形式,the ones或those替代可数名词复数形式,that替代不可数名词。 e.g.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter. 北京的天气比广州的天气冷。 2.有表示程度的副词a little,a bit,a few,a lot,much,even,still,far,rather,any等修饰时,用形容词比较级。 e.g.I feel even worse now.我现在觉得更难受了。 It is much colder today than before.今天比以前冷得多。 3.表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更……”时,用句型“Wh ich/Who is+形容词比较级,A or B?”表示。 e.g.Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao?李明和王涛哪一个高一些? Which sweater is more beautiful, the yellow one or the pink one? 哪一件毛衣更漂亮,黄色还是粉红色的? 4.表示“几倍于……”时,用“倍数+比较级+than”表示。 e.g.I am three years older than you.我比你大三岁。 5.表示“两者之间最……一个(of the two)”时,常用“the+比较级”结构。 e.g.Mary is the taller of the twins. Mary是双胞胎中的高个子。

中考英语形容词和副词用法总结

形容词和副词用法总结及练习 一、形容词: (一)概念:形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征,通常分成两类: 1.直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词。 2.叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词,大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。 例如:afraid,asleep, awake,alone,alive, awake, ashamed,alike。 其他常见表语形容词:worth,ready, sorry,well (二)形容词在句中的位置:有的形容词放在被修饰的名词之前,称为前置形容词;少数形容词放在被修饰的名词之 后,称为后置形容词。 1)当名词被多个前置形容词修饰时,形容词之间有一个先后顺序问题。一般规则为: (限定词)→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小、长短、高低的形容词→表示年龄、新旧的形容词→表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词→表示物质、材料的形容词→(名词)。如: There is a famous fine oldstone bridge near thevillage. 2)【重点】当形容词词组相当于一个定语从句时,或形容词用来修饰somebody, something, anything, nothing等的时候,便会出现后置形容词。如: The boy interested inmusic ismybrother. Doyou have anythinginterest ing to tell us? 二、副词: (一)概念:用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词叫做副词。例如: not(不),here(这里),now(现在)。不少副 词同时也可用作介词或其它词类。如: Have you read this book before?(副词,作时间状语) He willarrive before ten o’clock.(介词,before ten o’clock是介词短语,作时间状语) (二)副词的种类 1、时间副词: 1)表示发生时间的副词:It’s beginningtorain now!现在开始下雨了! 2)表示频繁程度的副词,也称频度副词:always, often, usually, sometimes,never, ever, hardly 等 一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后,实义动词之前: She often changes her mind. 3)还有一些其他表示时间的副词:Hehas just had an operation. 他刚动过手术。 2、地点副词: 1)表示地点的副词:Sheis studyingabroad. 她在国外留学。 2)以where 构成的副词也是地点副词:It’sthesame everywhere. 到处都一样。 3、【重点】方式副词 1)英语中有大量方式副词,说明行为方式(回答how的问题):How beautifullyyourwifedances. 2)表示情绪的副词:She smiled gratefully. 3)还有一些以-ly结尾的副词,表示动作发生的状况:He leftthetown secretly. 4、【重点】程度副词和强调副词 1)程度副词可修饰动词,表示“到某种程度”:Is she badly hurt? 她伤得重吗? [说明] 这类副词除修饰动词外,还可修饰形容词(a)或另一副词(b): a. fairly simple 相当简单quitecorrect 完全正确 it very quickly 干得很快 2: oodat singing. b.修饰比较级:Yousingmuch better than me. Their house ismuchnicer thanours. 5.【重点】疑问副词和连接副词 1)疑问副词: 疑问副词用来引导特殊问句: 2)连接副词:连接副词意思和词形都和疑问副词一样,但都引导从句或与不定式连用: how: Do you know howto startthis machine?你知道这台机器怎样启动吗? where: I don’t know wherehe lives. 我不知道他住在哪儿。(引导宾语从句) 6. 一些其它类型的副词,如表示方向的副词: Let’s goinside.Taketwo steps forward.

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