1992年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷

1995年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷及参考答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A1. A) She was given a new job.B) She was given a raise.C) She was criticized for being late.D) She was praised for her hard work.2. A) Whether to employ the woman.B) Whether to take up the new job.C) Whether to ask for a raise.D) Whether to buy a new house.3. A) A teacher.B) A psychologist.C) A librarian.D) A publisher.4. A) To visit more places in the city.B) To take a lot of pictures of the beautiful city.C) To take some pictures of his friends.D) To spare some time to meet his friends.5. A) In town.B) Out of town.C) In the man’s house.D) Outside Ann’s house.6. A) Because she feels very hot in the room.B) Because she wants to avoid meeting people.C) Because she wants to smoke a cigarette outside.D) Because she doesn’t like the smell of smoke inside.7. A) Painters hired by the man and woman.B) Painters hired by Mr. Jones.C) Mr. Jones.D) The man and the woman.8. A) The woman enjoyed the movie very much.B) The woman saw a horror movie.C) The man asked the woman to be careful at night.D) The man went to the show with the woman.9. A) He doesn’t write well enough.B) He is not a professional writer.C) He hasn’t got any professional experience.D) He didn’t perform well in the interview.10. A) He doesn’t think it necessary to refuel the car.B) He can manage to get the gasoline they need.C) He hopes the woman will help him select a fuel.D) He thinks it is difficult to get fuel for the car.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Because they can’t afford to.B) Because they think small houses are more comfortable to live in.C) Because big houses are usually built in the countryside.D) Because they prefer apartments.12. A) Because many young people have moved into comfortable apartments.B) Because many old houses in the bad part of the town are not inhabited.C) Because many older people sell their houses after their children leave.D) Because many people have quit their old house to build new ones.13. A) They have to do their own maintenance.B) They have to furnish their own houses.C) They will find it difficult to make the rest of the payment.D) They will find it difficult to dispose of their old-style furniture.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They are not active hunters.B) They don’t sleep much.C) They are often seen alone.D) They don’t eat much.15. A) To catch the birds.B) To look for shade in the heat of the day.C) To catch other animals.D) To look for a kill made by another animal.16. A) They are larger in size.B) They have to hunt more to feed the young.C) They run faster.D) They are not as lazy as the males.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) Less than 30 minutes.B) From 30 to 45 minutes.C) At least 45 minutes.D) More than 45 minutes.18. A) He should show respect for the interviewer.B) He should show confidence in himself.C) He should talk enthusiastically.D) He should be dressed properly.19. A) Speaking confidently but not aggressively.B) Talking loudly to give a lasting impression.C) Talking a lot about the job.D) Speaking politely and emotionally.20. A) Professional knowledge is a decisive factor in job interview.B) Finding a job is more difficult than one can imagine.C) A job seeker should create a good image during an interview.D) Self-confidence is most important for a job seeker.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.The process of perceiving other people is rarely translated (to ourselves or others) into cold, objective terms. “She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt.” More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly-perhaps with a two-second glance.We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others: watching, without being noticed, a person interacting with others, particularly with others who are known to you so you can compare the observed person’s behavior with the known others’ behavior; observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for; deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person’s responses to specific stimuli; asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her; and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person-questions, self-disclosures (自我表露), and so on. Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we won’t ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically (讽刺性地) those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e.g., secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e.g., disclosure and truthful statements).21. The word “pinpoint” (Para. 1, Line 3) basically means ________.A) appreciateB) obtainC) interpretD) identify22. What do we learn from the first paragraph?A) People are better described in cold, objective terms.B) The difficulty of getting to know a person is usually underestimated.C) One should not judge people by their appearances.D) One is usually subjective when assessing other people’s personality.23. It can be inferred from Berger’s suggestions that ________.A) people do not reveal their true self on every occasionB) in most cases we should avoid contacting the observed person directlyC) the best way to know a person is by making comparisonsD) face-to-face interaction is the best strategy to uncover information about aperson24. In developing personal relationships, secrets and deceptions, in the author’s opinion,are ________.A) personal matters that should be seriously dealt withB) barriers that should be done away withC) as significant as disclosures and truthful statementsD) things people should guard against25. The author’s purpose in writing the passage is ________.A) to give advice on appropriate conduct for social occasionsB) to provide ways of how to obtain information about peopleC) to call the reader’s attention to the negative side of people’s charactersD) to discuss the various aspects of getting to know peopleQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The competition among producers of personal computers is essentially a race to get the best, most innovative products to the marketplace. Marketers in this environment frequently have to make a judgement as to their competitors’role when making marketing strategy decisions. If major competitors are changing their products, then a marketer may want to follow suit to remain competitive. Apple Computer, Inc. has introduced two new, faster personal computers, the Mackintosh II and Mackintosh SE, in anticipation of the introduction of a new PC by IBM, one of Apple’s major competitors.Apple’s new computers are much faster and more powerful than its earlier models. The improved Mackintosh is able to run programs that previously were impossible to run on an Apple PC, including IBM-compatible (兼容的) programs. This compatibility feature illustrates computer manufactures’ new attitude of giving customers the features they want. Making Apple computers capable of running IBM software is Apple’s effort at making the Mackintosh compatible with IBM computers and thus more popular in the office, where Apple hopes to increase sales. Users of the new Apple can also add accessories (附件) to make their machines specialize in specific uses, such as engineering and writing.The new computers represent a big improvement over past models, but they also cost much more. Company officials do not think the higher price will slow down buyerswho want to step up to a more powerful computer. Apple wants to stay in the high-price end of the personal computer market to finance research for even faster, more sophisticated computers.Even though Apple and IBM are major competitors, both companies realize that their competitor’s computers have certain features that their own models do not. The Apple line has always been popular for its sophisticated color graphics (图形), whereas the IBM machines have always been favored in offices. In the future, there will probably be more compatibility between the two companies’ products, which no doubt will require that both Apple and IBM change marketing strategies.26. According to the passage, Apple Computer, Inc, has introduced the Mackintosh IIand the Mackintosh SE because ________.A) IBM is changing its computer models continuouslyB) it wants to make its machines specialize in specific usesC) it wants to stay ahead of IBM in the competitive computer marketD) it expects its major competitor IBM to follow its example27. Apple hopes to increase Mackintosh sales chiefly by ________.A) making its new models capable of running IBM softwareB) improving the color graphics of its new modelsC) copying the marketing strategies of IBMD) giving the customers what they want28. Apple sells its new computer models at a high price because ________.A) they have new features and functionsB) they are more sophisticated than other modelsC) they have new accessories attachedD) it wants to accumulate funds for future research29. It can be inferred from the passage that both Apple and IBM try to gain acompetitive advantage by ________.A) copying each other’s technologyB) incorporating features that make their products distinctiveC) making their computer more expensiveD) making their computers run much faster30. The best title for the passage would be ________.A) Apple’s Efforts to Stay Ahead of IBMB) Apple’s New Computer TechnologyC) Apple’s New personal ComputersD) Apple’s Research ActivitiesPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.It is a curious paradox that we think of the physical sciences as “hard”, the social sciences as “soft”, and the biological sciences as somewhere in between. This is interpreted to mean that our knowledge of physical systems is more certain than our knowledge of biological systems, and these in turn are more certain than our knowledge of social systems. In terms of our capacity to sample the relevant universes, however, and the probability that our images of these universes are at least approximately correct, one suspects that a reverse order is more reasonable. We are able to sample earth’s social systems with some degree of confidence that we have a reasonable sample of the total universe being investigated. Our knowledge of social systems, therefore, while it is in many ways extremely inaccurate, is not likely to be seriously overturned by new discoveries. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which ordinary life is based in earning, spending, organizing, marrying, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on, is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system derived from the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience.In contrast, our image of the astronomical universe, of even of earth’s geological history, can easily be subject to revolutionary changes as new data comes in and new theories are worked out. If we define the “security” our image of various parts of the total system as the probability of their suffering significant changes, then we would reverse the order of hardness and see the social sciences as the most secure, the physical sciences as the least secure, and again the biological sciences as somewhere in between. Our image of the astronomical universe is the least secure of all simply because we observe such a fantastically small sample of it and its record-keeping is trivial as compared with the rich records of the social systems, or even the limited records of biological systems. Records of the astronomical universe, despite the fact that we see distant things as they were long ago, are limited in the extreme.Even in regard to such a close neighbour as the moon, which we have actually visited, theories about its origin and history are extremely different, contradictory, and hard to choose among. Our knowledge of physical evolution is incomplete and highly insecure.31. The word “paradox” (Para. 1, Line 1) means “________”.A) implicationB) contradictionC) interpretationD) confusion32. According to the author, we should reverse our classification of the physicalsciences as “hard” and the social sciences as “soft” because ________.A) a reverse ordering will help promote the development of the physical sciencesB) our knowledge of physical systems is more reliable than that of social systemsC) our understanding of the social systems is approximately correctD) we are better able to investigate social phenomena than physical phenomena33. The author believes that our knowledge of social systems is more secure than thatof physical systems because ________.A) it is not based on personal experienceB) new discoveries are less likely to occur in social sciencesC) it is based on a fairly representative quantity of dataD) the records of social systems are more reliable34. The chances of the physical sciences being subject to great changes are the biggestbecause ________.A) contradictory theories keep emerging all the timeB) new information is constantly coming inC) the direction of their development is difficult to predictD) our knowledge of the physical world is inaccurate35. We know less about the astronomical universe than we do about any social systembecause ________.A) theories of its origin and history are variedB) our knowledge of it is highly insecureC) only a very small sample of it has been observedD) few scientists are involved in the study of astronomyQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following.In the early days of nuclear power, the United States made money on it. But today opponents have so complicated its development that no nuclear plants have been ordered or built here in 12 years.The greatest fear of nuclear power opponents has always been a reactor “meltdown” (堆内熔化). Today, the chances of a meltdown that would threaten U.S. public health are very little. But to even further reduce the possibility, engineers are testing new reactors that rely not on human judgement to shut them down but on the laws of nature. Now General Electric is already building two advanced reactors in Japan. But don’t expect them ever on U.S. shores unless things change in Washington.The procedure for licensing nuclear power plants is a bad dream. Any time during, or even after, construction, an objection by any group or individual can bring everythingto a halt while the matter is investigated or taken to court. Meanwhile, the builder must add nice-but-not-necessary improvements, some of which force him to knock down walls and start over. In every case where a plant has been opposed, the Nuclear Regulation Commission has ultimately granted a license to construct or operate. But the victory often costs so much that the utility ends up abandoning the plant anyway.A case in point is the Shoreham plant on New York’s Long Island. Shoreham was a virtual twin to the Millstone plant in Connecticut, both ordered in the mid-’60s. Millstone, completed for $101 million, has been generating electricity for two decades. Shoreham, however, was singled out by anti-nuclear activists who, by sending in endless protests, drove the cost over $5 billion and delayed its use for many years.Shoreham finally won its operation license. But the plant has never produced a watt of power. Governor Mario Cuomo, an opponent of a Shoreham start-up, used his power to force New York’s public-utilities commission to accept the following settlement; the power company could pass the cost of Shoreham along to its consumers only if it agreed not to operate the plant! Today, a perfectly good facility, capable of servicing hundreds of homes, sits rusting.36. What has made the procedure for licensing nuclear power plants a bad dream?A) The inefficiency of the Nuclear Regulation commission.B) The enormous cost of construction and operation.C) The length of time it takes to make investigations.D) The objection of the opponents of nuclear power.37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that ________.A) it is not technical difficulties that prevent the building of nuclear power plants inthe U.S.B) there are not enough safety measures in the U.S. for running new nuclear powerplantsC) there are already more nuclear power plants than necessary in the U.S.D) the American government will not allow Japanese nuclear reactors to beinstalled in the U.S.38. Any objection, however trivial it may be, can ________.A) force the power companies to cancel the projectB) delay the construction or operation of a nuclear plantC) cause a serious debate within the Nuclear Regulation CommissionD) take the builders to court39. Governor Mario’s chief intention in proposing the settlement was to ________.A) stop the Shoreham plant from going into operationB) help the power company to solve its financial problemsC) urge the power company to further increase its power supplyD) permit the Shoreham plant to operate under certain conditions40. The author’s attitude towards the development of nuclear power is ________.A) negativeB) neutralC) positiveD) questioningPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. They ________ to enter the building by the back door; however, the front door waslocked.A) weren’t supposedB) wouldn’t be supposedC) were supposedD) would be supposed42. ________ human behavior may be caused by eating substances that upset thedelicate chemical balance in the brain.A) DeliberateB) ConsistentC) PrimitiveD) Abnormal43. The captured criminals were ________ in chains through the streets.A) exhibitedB) displayedC) paradedD) revealed44. In reading stories we anticipate what is to come ________ on our memory of whathas gone before.A) basedB) basingC) to baseD) to be based45. The world’s governments have done ________ nothing to combat the threat ofnuclear accidents.A) inherentlyB) vitallyC) virtuallyD) identically46. I guess Jones didn’t have a chance to win the election. Almost all of the people inthe city voted for his ________.A) candidateB) opponentC) alternativeD) participant47. The background music in an assembly line is designed ________.A) not being listened toB) not to be listened toC) being not listened toD) to be not listened to48. Teaching students of threshold level is hard work but the effort is very ________.A) preciousB) rewardingC) worthD) challenging49. The boy students in this school are nearly ________ as the girl students to say theyintend to get a college degree in business.A) as likely twiceB) likely as twiceC) as twice likelyD) twice as likely50. The explorer lost his way so he climbed to the top of the hill to ________ himself.A) spotB) locateC) placeD) situate51. The city has decided to ________ smoking.A) do away withB) take awayC) get away withD) put away52. Perhaps it wouldn’t be ________ to go and see such a film.A) worthy you whileB) worth of whileC) worthy of whileD) worth your while53. The old building is in a good state of ________ except for the wooden floors.A) observationB) preservationC) conservationD) compensation54. While some office jobs would seem ________ to many people, there are quite a fewjobs that are stimulating, exciting and satisfying.A) hostileB) tediousC) fantasticD) courageous55. ________ she wondered if she had made a mistake.A) Not until long afterwards thatB) It was not until long afterwards thatC) Not long until afterwardsD) It was long afterwards until56. The people who objected to the new approach were told that since work had alreadystarted there was no point in ________.A) denyingB) upsettingC) protestingD) competing57. The ceremony will ________ as soon as the minister arrives.A) completeB) commenceC) disperseD) descend58. So confused ________ that he didn’t know how to start his lecture.A) since he becameB) would he becomeC) that he becameD) did he become59. Since the couple could not ________ their differences, they decided to get a divorce.A) reconcileB) complyC) coincideD) resign60. After the collision, he examined the considerable ________ to his car.A) ruinB) destructionC) damageD) injury61. Output is now six times ________ it was before 1990.A) thatB) whatC) for whichD) of that62. The heavily populated area was a breeding place for ________ diseases.A) infectiousB) powerfulC) influentialD) suspicious63. It is unfortunate that, owing to lack of money, these experiments must now be________ before the objective has been achieved.A) transferredB) testifiedC) terminatedD) transformed64. The synthetic vitamins are identical ________ those naturally present in our food.A) forB) ofC) asD) with65. Just as a book is often judged ________ by the quality and appearance of its cover,a person is judged immediately by his appearance.A) previouslyB) uniquelyC) outwardlyD) initially66. Recycling wastes slows down the rate ________ which we use up the Earth’s finiteresources.A) InB) ofC) withD) at67. Gasoline is ________ by the spark plugs in the engine.A) ignitedB) inspiredC) excitedD) illuminated68. He ________ another career but, at the time, he didn’t have enough money to attendgraduate school.A) might have chosenB) might chooseC) had to chooseD) must have chosen69. Many visitors praised the magnificent architecture of the Palace, ________.A) known to foreigners for the Forbidden CityB) known for foreigners to be the Forbidden CityC) known to foreigners as the Forbidden CityD) know for foreigners as the Forbidden City70. The travelers ________ their journey after a short break.A) recoveredB) resumedC) renewedD) restoredPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word,add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the correctionsin the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write thecorrect word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put aninsertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in theblank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank. Example:╱. 1. time/times/period Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods╱ used for the study of literature as 2. _______\_______ Many of the arguments havinga school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. 3. ______the______We are all naturally attracted to people with ideas, beliefs and interests like our own. Similarly, we feel comfortable with people with physical qualities similar as ours. (71) You may have noticed about how people who live or work (72) closely together come to behave in a similar way. Unconsciously we copy these we are close to or love or admire. So a sportsman’s (73) individual way of walking with raised shoulders is imitated by an admired (74) fan; a pair of lovers both shake their heads in the same way; an employer finds himself duplicating his boss’s habit of wagging(摆动) (75) a pen between his fingers while thinking.In every case, the influential person may consciously notice the (76) imitation but he will feel comfortably in its presence. And if he does (77) notice the matching of his gestures or movements, he finds it pleasing he is influencing people; they are drawn to them. (78)Sensitive people have been mirroring their friend and acquaintances (79) all their lives, and winning affection and respect in this way without aware of their methods. Now, for people who want to win (80) agreement or trust, affection or sympathy, some psychologists recommend the deliberate use of physical imitation.Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic My view on the Negative Effects of Some Advertisements.Youshould write at least 120 words and you should base your composition onthe outline (given in Chinese) below:1. 现在有些不良的商业广告2. 这些广告的副作用和危害性3. 我对这些广告的态度1995年1月六级参考答案Part IPart IIPart III71. as → to72. about → /73. these → those74. admired → admiring75. employer → employee76. consciously → unconsciously77. comfortably → comfortable78. them → him79. friend → friends80. (without) → (without) being。

1990年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷及参考答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section A1. A) Read four chapters.B) Write an article.C) Speak before the class.D) Preview two chapters.2. A) The woman is being interviewed by a reporter.B) The woman is asking for a promotion.C) The woman is applying for a job.D) The woman is being given an examination.3. A) His car was hit by another car.B) He was hurt while playing volleyball.C) He fell down the stairs.D) While crossing the street, he was hit by a car.4. A) Took a photo of him.B) Bought him a picture.C) Held a birthday party.D) Bought him a frame for his picture.5. A) No medicine could solve the woman’s problem.B) The woman should eat less to lose some weight.C) Nothing could help the woman if she ate too little.D) The woman should choose the right foods.6. A) He meant she should make a phone call if anything went wrong.B) He meant for her just to wait till help came.C) He was afraid something would go wrong with her car.D) He promised to give her himself.7. A) No, he missed it.B) No, he didn’t.C) Yes, he did.D) Yes, he probably did.8. A) He has edited three books.B) He has bought the wrong book.C) He has lost half of his money.D) He has found the book that will be used.9. A) At 7:30B) At 8:30C) At 9:00D) At 9:3010. A) Six.B) Seven.C) Eight.D) Nine.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) They often take place in her major industries.B) British trade unions are more powerful.C) There are more trade union members in Britain.D) Britain loses more working days through strikes every year.12. A) Such strikes are against the British law.B) Such strikes are unpredictable.C) Such strikes involve workers from different trades.D) Such strikes occur frequently these days.13. A) Trade unions in Britain are becoming more popular.B) Most strikes in Britain are against the British law.C) Unofficial strikes in Britain are easier to deal with now.D) Employer-worker relations in Britain have become tenser.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) The victory over one’s fellow runners.B) The victory over former winners.C) The victory of will-power over fatigue.D) The victory of one’s physical strength.15. A) The runner who runs to keep fit.B) The runner who breaks the record.C) The runner who does not break the rules.D) The runner who covers the whole distance.16. A) He won the first prize.B) He fell behind the other runners.C) He died because of fatigue.D) He gave up because he was tired.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) 17,000.B) 1,700.C) 24.D) 9,000.18. A) It’s located in a college town.B) It’s composed of a group of old buildings.C) Its classrooms are beautifully designed.D) Its library is often crowed with students.19. A) Teachers are well paid at Deep Springs.B) Students are mainly from New York State.C) The length of schooling is two years.D) Teachers needn’t pay for their rent and meals.20. A) Take a walk in the desert.B) Go to a cinema.C) Watch TV programmes.D) Attend a party.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Questions 21 to 24 are based on the following passage.Automation refers to the introduction of electronic control and automatic operation of productive machinery. It reduces the human factors, mental and physical, in production, and is designed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in American industry has been called the “Second Industrial Revolution”.Labour’s concern over automation arises from uncertainty about the effects on employment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the main, labour has taken the view that resistance to technical change is unfruitful. Eventually, the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, maintaining, and repairing automation equipment. The interest of labour lies in bringing about the transition with a minimum of inconvenience and distress to the workers involved. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards.To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is the promotion of supplementary unemployment benefit plans. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in such a plan has a direct financial interest in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong drive for planning new installations so as to cause the least possible problems in jobs and job assignment. Some unions are working for dismissal pay agreements, requiring that permanently dismissed workers be paid a sum of money based on length of service. Another approach is the idea ofthe “improvement factor”, which calls for wage increases based on increases in productivity. It is possible, however, that labour will rely mainly on reduction in working time.21. Though labour worries about the effect of automation, it does notdoubt that ________.A) automation will eventually prevent unemploymentB) automation will help workers acquire new skillsC) automation will eventually benefit the workers no less that theemployersD) automation is a trend which cannot be stopped22. The idea of the “improvement factor” (Line 6, Para. 3) probablyimplies that ________.A) wages should be paid on the basis of length of serviceB) the benefit of increased production and lower costs should beshared by workersC) supplementary unemployment benefit plans should be promotedD) the transition to automation should be brought about with theminimum of inconvenience and distress to workers23. In order to get the full benefits of automation, labour will dependmostly on ________.A) additional payment to the permanently dismissed workersB) the increase of wages in proportion to the increase inproductivityC) shorter working hours and more leisure timeD) a strong drive for planning new installations24. Which of the following can best sum up the passage?A) Advantages and disadvantages of automation.B) Labour and the effects of automation.C) Unemployment benefit plans and automation.D) Social benefits of automation.Questions 25 to 30 are based on the following passage.The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become “better” people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don’t go.But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending, those who don’t fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with each other’s experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school. Others find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out-often encouraged by college administrators.Some observers say the fault! Is with the young people themselves-they are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But that’s a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesn’t explain all campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. We’ve been told that young people have to go to college because our economy can’t absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.Some adventuresome educators and campus watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesn’t make people intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick-learning people are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy (异端邪说) to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.25. According to the passage, the author believes that ________.A) people used to question the value of college educationB) people used to have full confidence in higher educationC) all high school graduates went to collegeD) very few high school graduates chose to go to college26. In the 2nd paragraph, “those who don’t fit the pattern” refersto ________.A) high school graduates who aren’t suitable for college educationB) college graduates who are selling shoes and driving taxisC) college students who aren’t any better for their highereducationD) high school graduates who failed to be admitted to college27. The drop-out rate of college students seems to go up because________.A) young people are disappointed with the conventional way ofteaching at collegeB) many young people are required to join the armyC) young people have little motivation in pursuing a highereducationD) young people don’t like the intense competition for admissionto graduate school28. According to the passage the problems of college education partlyarise from the fact that ________.A) society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained collegegraduatesB) high school graduates do not fit the pattern of collegeeducationC) too many students have to earn their own livingD) college administrators encourage students to drop out29. In this passage the author argues that ________.A) more and more evidence shows college education may not be thebest thing for high school graduatesB) college education is not enough if one wants to be successfulC) college education benefits only the intelligent, ambitious, andquick-learning peopleD) intelligent people may learn quicker if they don’t go tocollege30. The “surveys and statistics” mentioned in the last paragraphmight have shown that ________.A) college-educated people are more successful than non-college-educated peopleB) college education was not the first choice of intelligent peopleC) the less schooling a person has the better it is for himD) most people have sweet memories of college lifeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Ours has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employed, i.e., worked for somebody else. Today only one out of five is not employed but working for himself. And when fifty years ago “being employed” meant working as a factory labourer or as a farmhand, the employee of today is increasingly a middle-class person with a substantial formal education, holding a professional or management job requiring intellectual and technical skills. Indeed, two things have characterized American society during these fifty years: middle-class and upper-class employees have been the fastest-growing groups in our working population-growing so fast that the industrial worker, that oldest child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance despite the expansion of industrial production.Yet you will find little if anything written on what it is to be an employee. You can find a great deal of very dubious advice on how to get a job or how to get a promotion. You can also find a good deal of work in a chosen field, whether it be the mechanist’s trade or bookkeeping (簿记). Every one of these trades requires different skills, sets different standards, and requires a different preparation. Yet they all have employeeship in common. And increasingly, especially in the large business or in government, employeeship is more important to success than the special professional knowledge or skill. Certainly more people fail because they do not know the requirements of being an employee than because they do not adequately possess the skills of their trade; the higher you climb the ladder, the more you get into administrative or executive work, the greater the emphasis on ability to work within the organization rather than on technical abilities or professional knowledge.31. It is implied that fifty years ago ________.A) eighty per cent of American working people were employed infactoriesB) twenty per cent of American intellectuals were employeesC) the percentage of intellectuals in the total work force wasalmost the same as that of industrial workersD) the percentage of intellectuals working as employees was not solarge as that of industrial workers32. According to the passage, with the development of modern industry,________.A) factory labourers will overtake intellectual employees in numberB) there are as many middle-class employees as factory labourersC) employers have attached great importance to factory labourersD) the proportion of factory labourers in the total employeepopulation has decreased33. The word “dubious” (L. 2, Para. 2) most probably means ________.A) valuableB) usefulC) doubtfulD) helpful34. According to the writer, professional knowledge or skill is________.A) less importance than awareness of being a good employeeB) as important as the ability to deal with public relationsC) more important than employer-employee relationsD) more important as the ability to co-operate with others in theorganization35. From the passage it can be seen that employeeship helps one________.A) to be more successful in his careerB) to be more specialized in his fieldC) to solve technical problemsD) to develop his professional skillQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.We all know that the normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours’ sleep alternation with some 16-17 hours’ wakefulness and that, broadly speaking, the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this cycle can be modified.The question is no mere academic one. The ease, for example, with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is a question of growing importance in industry where automation calls for round-the-clock working of machines. It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a.m. one week, 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. the next, and 4 p.m. to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to a number of permanent night workers. An interesting study of the domestic life and health of night-shift workers was carried out by Brown in 1957. She found a high incidence (发生率) of disturbed sleep and other disorders among those on alternating day and night shifts, but no abnormal occurrence of these phenomena among those on permanent night work.This latter system then appears to be the best long-term policy, but meanwhile something may be done to relieve the strains of alternate day and night work by selecting those people who can adapt most quickly to the changes of routine. One way of knowing when a person has adapted is by measuring his body temperature. People engaged in normal daytime work will have a high temperature during the hours of wakefulness and a low one at night; when they change to night work the pattern will only gradually go back to match the new routine and the speed with which it does so parallels, broadly speaking, the adaptation of the body as a whole, particularly in terms of performance. Therefore, by taking body temperature at intervals of two hours throughout the period of wakefulness it can be seen how quickly a person can adapt to a reversed routine, and this could be used as a basis for selection. So far, however, such a form of selection does not seem to have been applied in practice.36. Why is the question of “how easily people can get used to workingat night” not a mere academic question?A) Because few people like to reverse the cycle of sleep andwakefulness.B) Because sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness.C) Because people are required to work at night in some fields ofindustry.D) Because shift work in industry requires people to change theirsleeping habits.37. The main problem of the round-the-clock working system lies in________.A) the inconveniences brought about to the workers by theintroduction of automationB) the disturbance of the daily life cycle of workers who have tochange shifts too frequentlyC) the fact that people working at night are often less effectiveD) the fact that it is difficult to find a number of good nightworkers38. The best solution for implementing the 24-hour working system seemsto be ________.A) to change shifts at longer intervalsB) to have longer shiftsC) to arrange for some people to work on night shifts onlyD) to create better living conditions for night workers39. It is possible to find out if a person has adapted to the changesof routine by measuring his body temperature because ________.A) body temperature changes when the cycle of sleep and wakefulnessalternatesB) body temperature changes when he changes to night shift or backC) the temperature reverses when the routine is changedD) people have higher temperatures when they are workingefficiently40. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A) Body temperature may serve as an indication of a worker’sperformance.B) The selection of a number of permanent night shift workers hasproved to be the best solution to problems of the round-the-clock working system.C) Taking body temperature at regular intervals can show how aperson adapts to the changes of routine.D) Disturbed sleep occurs less frequently among those on permanentnight or day shifts.Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. You should have put the milk in the ice box; I expect it ________undrinkable by now.A) becameB) had becomeC) has becomeD) becomes42. Codes are a way of writing something in secret; ________, anyonewho doesn’t know the code will not be able to read it.A) that isB) worse stillC) in shortD) on the other hand43. His long service with the company was ________ with a present.A) admittedB) acknowledgedC) attributedD) accepted44. The atmosphere is as much a part of the earth as ________ its soilsand the water of its lakes, rivers and oceans.A) areB) isC) doD) has45. Our house is about a mile from the station and there are not manyhouses ________.A) in betweenB) among themC) far apartD) from each other46. The drowning child was saved by Dick’s ________ action.A) acuteB) alertC) profoundD) prompt47. Children and old people do not like having their daily ________upset.A) habitB) practiceC) routineD) custom48. The criminal always paid ________ cash so the police could nottrack him down.A) onB) byC) forD) in49. ________ when she started complaining.A) Not until he arrivedB) Hardly had he arrivedC) No sooner had he arrivedD) Scarcely did he arrive50. By 1990, production in the area is expected to double ________ of1980.A) thatB) itC) oneD) what51. Professor smith and Professor Brown will ________ in giving theclass lectures.A) alterB) changeC) alternateD) differ52. Understanding the cultural habits of another nation, especially________ containing as many different subcultures as the United States, is a complex task.A) oneB) the oneC) thatD) such53. The manager promised to have my complaint ________.A) looked throughB) looked intoC) looked overD) looked after54. You can’t be ________ careful in making the decision as it wassuch a critical case.A) veryB) quiteC) tooD) so55. Children are ________ to have some accidents as they grow up.A) obviousB) indispensableC) boundD) doubtless56. We have done things we ought not to have done and ________ undonethings we ought to have done.A) leavingB) will leaveC) leftD) leave57. The ratio of the work done by the machine ________ the work done onit is called the efficiency of the machine.A) againstB) withC) toD) for58. ________ the flood, the ship would have reached its destination ontime.A) In case ofB) In spite ofC) Because ofD) But for59. In your first days at the school you’ll be given a test to helpthe teachers to ________ you to a class at your level.A) locateB) assignC) deliverD) place60. The story that follows ________ two famous characters of the rockyMountain gold rush days.A) concernsB) statesC) proclaimsD) relates61. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventureas it ________ before the West was settled.A) couldB) wasC) wouldD) did62. People who refuse to ________ with the law will be punished.A) obeyB) consentC) concealD) comply63. I ________ to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards.A) ought to have writtenB) must have writtenC) couldn’t have writtenD) needn’t have written64. These excursions will give you an even deeper ________ into ourlanguage and culture.A) inquiryB) investigationC) inputD) insight65. There is no electricity again. Has the ________ blown then?A) fuseB) wireC) plugD) circuit66. No longer are contributions to computer technology confined to anyone country; ________ is this more true than in Europe.A) hardlyB) littleC) seldomD) nowhere67. The mother didn’t know who ________ for the broken glass.A) will blameB) to blameC) blamedD) blames68. Every society has its own peculiar customs and ________ of acting.A) waysB) attitudesC) behaviorD) means69. If a person talks about his weak points, his listener is expectedto say something in the way of ________.A) assuranceB) persuasionC) encouragementD) confirmation70. China started its nuclear power industry only in recent years, andshould ________ no time in catching up.A) delayB) loseC) lagD) lessenPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line.You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word.Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanksprovided. If you change a word, cross it out and write thecorrect word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word,put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write themissing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross itand put a slash (/) in the blank.Example:╱. 1.Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periodstime/times/period╱ used for the study of literature as 2. Many of the arguments having_______\_______a school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. 3.______the______Changes in the way people live bring about changes in the jobs that they do. More and more people live in towns and cities instead on farms (71) and in villages. Cities and states have to provide services city people want, such like more police protection, more hospitals, and more (72) schools. This means that more policemen, more nurses and technicians, and more teachers must be hired. Advances in technology has also (73)changed people’s lives. Dishwashers and washing machines do jobs that were once done by the hand. The widespread use of such electrical appliances (74) means that there is a need for servicemen to keep it running properly (75)People are earning higher wages and salaries. This leads changes in (76) the way of life. As income goes down, people may not want more food to (77) eat or more clothes to wear. But they may want more and better care from doctors, dentists and hospitals. They are likely to travel more and to want more education. Nevertheless, many more jobs are available in (78) these services.The government also affects the kind of works people do. The governments (79) of most countries spend huge sums of money for international (80) defense. They hire thousands of engineers, scientists, clerks, typists and secretaries to work on the many different aspects of defence.Part V Writing (30 minutes)OUTLINE:问题：城市交通拥挤解决方案：(solution):1. 建造(lay down)更多道路优点：(1) 降低街道拥挤程度(2) 加速车流(flow of traffic)缺点：占地过多2. 开辟(open up)更多公共汽车线路优点：减少自行车与小汽车缺点：对部分人可能造成不方便结论：两者结合How to Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic1990年1月六级参考答案Part IPart IIPart IIIPart IV71. (instead) → (instead) of72. like → as to73. has →have74. the (hand) → /(hand)75. it → them76. (leads) → (leads) to 或 leads → causes77. down → up78. Nevertheless → Therefore/So79. works → work/job/jobs80. international → national（注：可编辑下载，若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢!）。

1993年1月大学英语六级真题试卷(CET-6)Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section A1. A) It was misleading.B) It was enjoyable.C) It was rather boring.D) It was just so-so.2. A) Pop music.B) Folk music.C) Classical music.D) All kinds of music.3. A) He will fly directly to his destination.B) He has to change at Albany.C) He is still not sure how to get there.D) He must change at Jacksonville.4. A) It’s late.B) It’s crowed.C) It’s empty.D) It’s on time.5. A) Unusual.B) Enthusiastic.C) Serious.D) Threatening.6. A) Her name is on the top of the list.B) She will be the last to be interviewed.C) She is expecting a job interview.D) She must fix a date for the job.7. A) The husband is not usually so observant.B) The wife is annoyed at her husband’s complaint.C) The husband hasn’t told the truth.D) The wife is going to the hairdresser’s.8. A) The student miss their professor very much.B) The professor didn’t give the lesson.C) A new course will begin next Monday.D) Some homework was assigned to the students.9. A) She accepted their request.B) She rejected their request.C) She agreed to consider their request.D) She asked them to come with the other.10. A) At work.B) Back at home.C) At the meeting.D) Away from home.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Cheap clothes.B) Expensive clothes.C) Fashionable clothes.D) Informal clothes.12. A) They enjoy loud music.B) They seldom lose their temper.C) They want to have children.D) They enjoy modern dances.13. A) Her twin sister often brings friends home and this annoys the speaker.B) They can’t agree on the color of the room.C) They can’t agree on the kind of furniture.D) The speaker likes to keep things neat while her twin sister doesn’t.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) In the first semester.B) In the second semester.C) In the third semester.D) In the fourth semester.15. A) She is ill.B) She is too old.C) Her husband wants her to.D) Her husband is ill.16. A) His father.B) His mother.C) His girl friend.D) His teacher.17. A) He has decided to continue his studies.B) He has still to make a decision.C) He has decided to give up his job.D) He has still to take a part time job.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) Twenty years.B) A couple of weeks.C) A couple of years.D) Five years.19. A) David had been selling cars.B) David had taught business.C) David had become a salesman.D) David had made a lot of money.20. A) Rich people are not happy.B) Being rich is the best thing in the world.C) Being rich is not always a good thing.D) Rich people are usually with their families.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Protests at the use of animals in research have taken a new and fearful character in Britain with the attempted murder of two British scientists by the terrorist technique of the pre-planted car-bomb.The research community will rightly be alarmed at these developments, which have two objectives: to arouse public attention and to frighten people working in research with animals. The first need is that everything should be done to identify those responsible for the crimes and to put them on trail. The Defence Research Society has taken the practical step of offering a reward of 10,000 pounds for information leading to those responsible, but past experience is not encouraging. People are unlikely to be tempted by such offers. The professional police will similarly be confronted by the usual problem of finding a needle in a haystack. That is why the intellectual (知识分子) community in Britain and elsewhere must act more vigorously in its own defence. There are several steps that can be taken, of which the chief one is to demand of all the organizations that exist with the declared objectives of safeguarding the interests of animals that they should declare clearly where they stand on violence towards people. And it will not be enough for the chairmen and chairwomen of these organizations to utter placatory (安抚的) statements on behalf of all their members. These people should also undertake that it will be a test of continuing membership in their organizations that members and would be members should declare that they will take no part in acts of violence against human beings. Even such undertakings would not be fully effective: people, after all, can lie. But at least they would distinguish the organizations entitled to a continuing voice in the dialogue with the research community about the rights of animals in research from the organizations that deserve no say.21. The words “these developments” (Para. 2, Line 1) most probably refer to ________.A) the acts of violence against scientistsB) the use of animals in researchC) the techniques of planting bombs in carsD) the establishment of new animal protection organization22. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A) The police abandoned their efforts to find the criminals.B) The terrorists escaped with the help of their organizations.C) The attempted murder caused grave anxiety among British scientists.D) People sympathized murder caused grave anxiety among British scientists.23. The author’s purpose in writing his article is to demand that animal-protecting organizations ________.A) declare their objectives clearlyB) give up the use of violenceC) continue the dialogue with the scientific communityD) help to find those responsible for the attempted murder24. In the author’s opinion ________.A) since people can lie, the problem about their rights of scientists can’t be solvedB) animal-protecting organizations about be held responsible for acts of violence against scientistsC) animal protection organizations should be declared illegalD) the scientists should take effective measures to protect themselves25. What does the word “they” (Para. 3, Line 3) refer to?A) The animal-protecting organizations.B) The organizations that will talk with the research community.C) Those who support the use of animals in research.D) Those who support the animal-protection organizations.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The earlier type of suburb, which was most dependent on the railroad, had a special advantage that could be fully appreciated only after it had disappeared. These suburbs, spread out along a railroad line, were discontinuous and properly spaced; and without the aid of legislation (法规) they were limited in population as well as area; for the biggest rarely held as many as ten thousand people, and under five thousand was more usual. In 1950, for example, Bronxville, New York, a typical upper-class suburb, had 6,778 people, while Riverside, Illinois, founded as early as 1869, had only 9.153.The size and scale of the suburb, that of neighborhood unit, was not entirely the result of its open planning, which favored low densities. Being served by a railroad line, with station stops from three to five miles apart, there was a natural limit to the spread of any particular community. House had to be sited “within easy walking distance of the railroad station,” as some old residents would point out; and only those wealthy enough to afford a horse and a carriage dared to penetrate farther into the open country.Through its spaced station stops, the railroad suburb was at first kept from spreading or excessively increasing in numbers, for a natural greenbelt, often still under cultivation as park, gardens, remained between the suburbs and increased the available recreation area. Occasionally, in a few happy areas like Westchester, between 1915 and 1935 a parkway, like the Bronx River parkway, accompanied by continuous stripof park for pedestrian (散步的人) use, not yet overrun by a constant stream of urban traffic, added to the perfection of the whole suburban pattern. Whatever one might say of the social disadvantages this was in many waysa perfect physical environment. But it lasted less than a generation.26. What was the special advantage of the old type of suburb?A) Its nearness to the railroad.B) The vastness of its open space.C) Its small size in area and population.D) The high social status of its residents.27. The size of the old suburb was limited because ________.A) people wanted to live near a railroad stationB) it was originally planned by railroad companiesC) there was a law governing the size of the suburbD) local inhabitants didn’t like to out in the country28. “Happy areas” (Para. 3, Line 3) were areas where ________.A) life was enjoyed by everyoneB) more roads were built to bypass the heavy trafficC) a greenbelt was available solely for recreationD) people could have lots of fun29. It is evident that the writer ________.A) finds urban life uncomfortableB) prefers life in the countrysideC) feels disappointed in the changes of suburbsD) advocates the idea of returning to nature30. The topic discussed in the passage is “________”.A) the size and scale of suburban neighborhood unitsB) the advantage of old-type suburbsC) the location of railroad stationsD) the concept of the suburban patternQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Recent stories in the newspapers and magazines suggest that teaching and research contradict each other, that research plays too prominent a part in academic promotions, and that teaching is badly underemphasized. There is an element of truth in these statements, but they also ignore deeper and more important relationships.Research experience is an essential element of hiring and promotion at a research university because it is the emphasis on research that distinguishes such a university from an arts college. Some professors, however, neglect teaching for research and that presents a problem. Most research universities reward outstanding teaching, but the greatest recognition is usually given for achievements in research. Part of the reason is the difficulty of judging teaching. A highly responsible and tough professor is usually appreciated by top students who want to be challenged, but disliked by those whose records are less impressive. Themild professor gets overall ratings that are usually high, but there is a sense of disappointment in the part of the best students, exactly those for whom the system should present the greatest challenges. Thus, a university trying to promote professors primarily on the teaching qualities would have to confront this confusion.As modern science moves faster, two forces are exerted on professor: one is the time needed to keep on with the profession; the other is the time needed to teach. The training of new scientists requires outstanding teaching at the research university as well as the arts college. Although scientists are usually “made” in the elementary schools, scientists can be “lost” by poor teaching at the college and graduate school levels. The solution is not to separate teaching and research, but to recognize that the combination is difficult but vital. The title of professor should be given only to those who profess, and it is perhaps time for universities to reserve it for those willing to be an earnest part of the community of scholars. Professor unwilling to teach can be called “distinguished research investigators” or something else.The pace of modern science makes it increasingly difficult to be a great researcher and a great teacher. Yet many are described in just those terms. Those who say we can separate teaching and research simply do not understand the system but those who say the problem will disappear are not fulfilling their responsibilities.31. What idea does the author want to convey in the first paragraph?A) It is wrong to overestimate the importance of teaching.B) Teaching and research are contradictory to each other.C) Research can never be emphasized too much.D) The relationship between teaching and research should not be simplified.32. In academic promotions research universities still attach more importance to research partly because ________.A) research improves the quality of teachingB) students who want to be challenged appreciate research professorsC) it is difficult to evaluate teaching quality objectivelyD) professor with achievements in research are usually responsible and tough33. According to the fourth paragraph, which of the following will the author probably agree with?A) Distinguished professors at research universities should concentrate on research only.B) The separation of teaching from research can lower the quality of future scientists.C) It is of utmost importance to improve teaching in elementary schools in order to train new scientists.D) The rapid developments of modern science make it impossible to combine teaching with research.34. The title of professor should be given only to those who, first and foremost, do ________.A) teachingB) field workC) scientific researchD) investigation35. The phrase “the problem” (Para. 5, Line 3) refers to ________.A) raising the status of teachingB) the combination of teaching with researchC) the separations of teaching from researchD) improving the status of researchQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.I have had just about enough of being treated like a second-class citizen, simply because I happened to be that put upon member of society-a customer. The more I go into shops and hotels, banks and post offices, railway stations, airports and the like, the more I’m convinced that things are being run solely to suit the firm, the system, or the union. There seems to be a new motto (座右铭) for the so-called ‘service’ organization-Staff Before Service. How often, for example, have you queued for what seems like hours at the Post Office or the supermarket because there aren’t enough staff on duty at all the service counters? Surely in these days of high unemployment it must be possible to increase counter staff. Yet supermarkets, hinting darkly at higher prices, claim that bringing all their cash registers into operation at any time would increase expenses. And the Post Office says we cannot expect all their service counters to be occupied ‘at times when demand is low’.It’s the same with hotels. Because waiters and kitchen staff must finish when it suits them, dining rooms close earlier or menu choice is diminished. As for us guests (and how the meaning of that word has been cut away little by little), we just have to put up with it. There’s also the nonsense of so many friendly hotel night porters having been gradually with drawn from service in the interests of ‘efficiency’ (i.e. profits) and replaced by coin-eating machines which supply everything from beer to medicine, not to mention the creeping threat of the tea-making set in your room: a kettle with teabags, milk bags sugar. Who wants to wake up to a raw teabag?I don’t, especially when I am paying for ‘service’.Our only hope is to hammer our irritation whenever and wherever we can and, if all else fails, restore that other, older saying-Take Our Custom (买卖) Elsewhere.36. The author feels that nowadays customers are ________.A) not worthy of special treatmentB) not provided with proper serviceC) considered to be inferior members of societyD) regarded as privileged37. In the author’s opinion, the quality of service is changing because ________.A) the staff are less considerate than employersB) customers are becoming more demandingC) customers unwilling to pay extra moneyD) more consideration is given to the staff than customers38. According to the author, long queues at counters are caused by ________.A) the diminishing supply of good staffB) lack of cooperation among staffC) inefficient staffD) deliberate understaffing39. The disappearance of old-style hotel porters can be attributed to the fact that ________.A) self-service provides a cheaper alternativeB) the personal touch is less appreciated nowadaysC) machines are more reliable than human beingsD) few people are willing to do this type of work40. The author’s final solution to the problem discussed in the passage is ________.A) to put up with whatever service is providedB) to make strong complaints wherever necessaryC) to fully utilize all kinds of coin-eating machinesD) to go where good service is availablePart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. When Mohammed, a friend of mine from the Middle East, first went to the United Kingdom to attend the university, ________ with women in the same class.A) he’s never before studiedB) he couldn’t before studyC) he would never before studyD) he hasn’t before studied42. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it ________ before the West was settled.A) hasB) didC) wasD) would43. The cars were ________ because it was impossible to go any further in the fog.A) sacrificedB) transportedC) abandonedD) removed44. The new designs of the Christmas stamps are always waited for with keen ________.A) irritationB) predictionC) receptionD) anticipation45. Buck Helm, a retired salesman, survived ________ alive for 90 hours in his car.A) being buriedB) having buriedC) buryingD) to be buried46. We have had to raise our prices because of the increase in the cost of ________ materials.A) primitiveB) roughC) originalD) raw47. Indeed, almost every scientist now finds it impossible to read all the works relevant to his own subject, ________ extensively outside of it.A) much more to readB) much less readingC) much less to readD) still more reading48. It is up to the Government to tackle the air pollution problem and ________ measures in line with the council’s suggestions.A) set aboutB) work outC) fill upD) bring over49. All that day my father was in ________ as he had lost his wallet.A) great anxietyB) ambitionC) ill humourD) hospitality50. We preferred to postpone the meeting ________ it without the presence of our president.A) rather than holdB) than to holdC) rather than heldD) to holding51. Many people, if not most, ________ literary taste as an elegant accomplishment, by acquiring which they will complete themselves, andmake themselves finally fit as members of a correct society.A) look onB) look downC) look inD) look into52. What a good listener is able to do is to process what he hears on the basis of the context ________.A) it occurring inB) occurred in itC) occurring in itD) it occurs in53. The car accident was ________ to the driver’s violation of the traffic regulations.A) assignedB) contributedC) attributedD) transferred54. She is a very ________ student. She’s always talking about travelling to outer space.A) imaginaryB) imaginativeC) imaginableD) imagining55. His lectures on Roman history would do credit ________ a real expert.A) inB) toC) ofD) with56. My grandpa gave me a watch, which is made of gold, ________ I keep to this day.A) and thusB) andC) soD) and which57. I have devoted four weekends to writing papers and now I feel I ________ a rest.A) deserveB) preserveC) conceiveD) receive58. I found myself ________ to the spot where the experiment was being performed whenever I had some time to spare.A) drawsB) drawingC) drawnD) drew59. The construction of a 5-million-ton iron and steel works is now under ________.A) conclusionB) contributionC) continuationD) consideration60.Mary found it difficult to ________ Jim’s father when he disapproved of their marriage.A) stand forB) stand outC) stand byD) stand up to61. President Banda’s background as a doctor has given him ________ into the medical problem that face the country.A) a viewB) a visionC) an insightD) a sight62. I wish ________ to Stockholm when I was in Sweden. I hear it’sa beautiful city.A) I wentB) I had goneC) I have goneD) having gone63. He ________ his job in order to engage in full-time writing.A) upheldB) resigned fromC) undertookD) took over64. The west is traditionally the land of the pioneers and the cowboys, where ________ could be easily made in cattle or land.A) fortunesB) propertyC) opportunitiesD) treasure65. I didn’t sent out my application form last week, but I ________.A) had toB) should haveC) would doD) might have to66. Vostok is close to the coldest spot in the world, where an ________minus 128.6 F was recorded in 1983.A) unreliableB) extraC) incredibleD) impossible67. It is human nature to think back to a Golden Age ________ one’s country was strong and respected.A) whenB) providedC) asD) unless68. I don’t mind a bit if you bring your friends in for a drink, but it is rather too much when sixteen people arrive ________ for dinner.A) unusuallyB) excessivelyC) consequentlyD) unexpectedly69. Faced with all the difficulties, the girl ________ her mother for comfort.A) turned overB) turned fromC) turned toD) turned up70. David is the ________ holder of the world 5,000-meter world record, but there is no guarantee that he will win in the Olympic Games.A) currentB) predominantC) prevailingD) decisivePart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods╱. 1. time/times/periodMany of the arguments having╱ used for the study of literature as 2. _______\_______a school subject are valid for ∧study of television. 3.______the______When you board a plane, a machine may soon be scanning more than your bags —it may be studying your face. A computer comes onto the market recently which (71) promises to be able to recognize faces at a glance from a video (72) camera.The system, known as PRES, has many possible use in (73) different fields but the most prominent is like to be monitoring (74) crowds at airports for known terrorists. Such a task is far from the capabilities of a conventional image processor, which is too quick to be of practical use. Moreover, it is too easily (75) confused: if image of a face in its memory is only a frontal (76) view. For example, they might not recognize that same face (77) when presenting with a side view of the face. (78) PARES relies in the new technology of neural (神经的) (79) networks. Like the brain, it has many interconnected memory “cells”, which work simultaneously rather than in sequence and thus greatly speed up the computation. And like the brain, the neural network can be trained to concentrate on essentials while ignoring of inessential matters-it can “learn” what’s (80) important and what isn’t. But the training is boring: an operator must patiently correct the computer’s mistakes.Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the title: Motorcycles and City Traffic. You should base your composition on the following outline (given in Chinese):1. 近年来中国城市中的摩托车2. 摩托车的优点和缺点3. 你对我国城市中摩托车发展前景的看法You must write your composition in no less than 120 words on Composition Sheet and remember to write it in readable handwriting.1993年1月六级参考答案Part I1. C2. B3. A4. D5. B6. B7. C8. A9. A 10. D11. C 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. A16. C 17. D 18. B 19. D 20. BPart II21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A26. B 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. C36. B 37. D 38. D 39. A 40. DPart III41. A 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. A 47. B 48. B 49. C 50. A 51. A 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. B 56. D 57. A 58. D 59. D 60. A 61. D 62. B 63. B 64. A 65. B 66. C 67. A 68. D 69. C 70. A。

part i listening comprehension (20 minutes) section a1. (a) it was misleading. (b) it was enjoyable.(c) it was rather boring. (d) it was just so so.2. (a) pop music. (b) folk music.(c) classical music. (d) all kinds of music.3. (a) he will fly directly to his destination. (b) he has to change at albany.(c) he is still not sure how to get there. (d) he must change at jacksonville.4. (a) it's late. (b) it's crowed.(c) it's empty. (d) it's on time.5. (a) unusual. (b) enthusiastic.(c) serious. (d) threatening.6. (a) her name is on the top of the list. (b) she will be the last to be interviewed.(c) she is expecting a job interview. (d) she must fix a date for the job.7. (a) the husband is not usually so observant. (b) the wife is annoyed at her husband's complaint.(c) the husband hasn't told the truth. (d) the wife is going to the hairdresser's.8. (a) the student miss their professor very much. (b) the professor didn't give the lesson.(c) a new course will begin next monday. (d) some homework was assigned to the students.9. (a) she accepted their request. (b) she rejected their request.(c) she agreed to consider their request. (d) she asked them to come with the other.10. (a) at work. (b) back at home.(c) at the meeting. (d) away from home.section bpassage onequestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. (a) cheap clothes. (b) expensive clothes.(c) fashionable clothes. (d) informal clothes.12. (a) they enjoy loud music. (b) they seldom lose their temper.(c) they want to have children. (d) they enjoy modern dances.13. (a) her twin sister often brings friends home and this annoys the speaker.(b) they can't agree on the color of the room.(c) they can't agree on the kind of furniture.(d) the speaker likes to keep things neat while her twin sister doesn't.passage twoquestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. (a) in the first semester. (b) in the second semester.(c) in the third semester. (d) in the fourth semester.15. (a) she is ill. (b) she is too old.(c) her husband wants her to. (d) her husband is ill.16. (a) his father. (b) his mother.(c) his girl friend. (d) his teacher.17. (a) he has decided to continue his studies. (b) he has still to make a decision.(c) he has decided to give up his job. (d) he has still to take a part time job.passage threequestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. (a) twenty years. (b) a couple of weeks.(c) a couple of years. (d) five years.19. (a) david had been selling cars. (b) david had taught business.(c) david had become a salesman. (d) david had made a lot of money.20. (a) rich people are not happy. (b) being rich is the best thing in the world.(c) being rich is not always a good thing. (d) rich people are usually with their families.part ii reading comprehension (35 minutes)questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:protests at the use of animals in research have taken a new and fearful character in britain with the attempted murder of two british scientists by the terrorist technique of the pre-planted car-bomb.the research community will rightly be alarmed at these developments, which have two objectives: to arouse public attention and to frighten people working in research with animals. the first need is that everything should be done to identify those responsible for the crimes and to put them on trail. the defence research society has taken the practical step of offering a reward of 10,000 pounds for information leading to those responsible, but past experience is not encouraging. people are unlikely to be tempted by such offers. the professional police will similarly be confronted by the usual problem of finding a needle in a haystack.that is why the intellectual (知识分子) community in britainand elsewhere must act more vigorously in its own defence. there are several steps that can be taken, of which the chief one is to demand of all the organizations that exist with the declared objectives of safeguarding the interests of animals that they should declare clearly where they stand on violence towards people. and it will not be enough for the chairmen and chairwomen of these organizations to utter placatory (安抚的) statements on behalf of all their members. these people should also undertake that it will be a test of continuing membership in their organizations that members and would be members should declare that they will take no part in acts of violence against human beings. even such undertakings would not be fully effective: people, after all, can lie. but at least they would distinguish the organizations entitled to a continuing voice in the dialogue with the research community about the rights of animals in research from the organizations that deserve no say.[page]21. the words "these developments" (para. 2, line 1) most probably refer to ______.(a) the acts of violence against scientists(b) the use of animals in research(c) the techniques of planting bombs in cars(d) the establishment of new animal protection organization22. which of the following is true according to the passage?(a) the police abandoned their efforts to find the criminals.(b) the terrorists escaped with the help of their organizations.(c) the attempted murder caused grave anxiety among british scientists.(d) people sympathized murder caused grave anxiety among british scientists.23. the author's purpose in writing his article is to demand that animal-protecting organizations _____.(a) declare their objectives clearly(b) give up the use of violence(c) continue the dialogue with the scientific community(d) help to find those responsible for the attempted murder24. in the author's opinion _____.(a) since people can lie, the problem about their rights of scientists can't be solved.(b) animal-protecting organizations about be held responsible for acts of violence against scientists(c) animal protection organizations should be declared illegal(d) the scientists should take effective measures to protect themselves25. what does the word "they" (para. 3, line 3) refer to?(a) the animal-protecting organizations.(b) the organizations that will talk with the research community.(c) those who support the use of animals in research.(d) those who support the animal-protection organizations.questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:the earlier type of suburb, which was most dependent on the railroad, had a special advantage that could be fully appreciated only after it had disappeared. these suburbs, spread out along a railroad line, were discontinuous and properly spaced; and without the aid of legislation (法规) they were limited in population as well as area; for the biggest rarely held as many as ten thousand people, and under five thousand was more usual. in 1950, for example, bronxville, new york, a typical upper-class suburb, had 6,778 people, while riverside, illinois, founded asearly as 1869, had only9, 153.the size and scale of the suburb, that of neighborhood unit, was not entirely the result of its open planning, which favored low densities. being served by a railroad line, with station stops from three to five miles apart, there was a natural limit to the spread of any particular community. house had to be sited "within easy walking distance of the railroad station," as some old residents would point out; and only those wealthy enough to afford a horse and a carriage dared to penetrate farther into the open country.through its spaced station stops, the railroad suburb was at first kept from spreading or excessively increasing in numbers, for a natural greenbelt, often still under cultivation as park, gardens, remained between the suburbs and increased the available recreation area. occasionally, in a few happy areas like westchester, between 1915 and 1935 a parkway, like the bronx river parkway, accompanied by continuous strip of park for pedestrian (散步的人) use, not yet overrun by a constant stream of urban traffic, added to the perfection of the whole suburban pattern. whatever one might say of the social disadvantages this was in many ways a perfect physical environment. but it lasted less than a generation.26. what was the special advantage of the old type of suburb?(a) its nearness to the railroad.(b) the vastness of its open space.(c) its small size in area and population.(d) the high social status of its residents.27. the size of the old suburb was limited because _____.(a) people wanted to live near a railroad station(b) it was originally planned by railroad companies(c) there was a law governing the size of the suburb(d) local inhabitants didn't like to out in the country28. "happy areas" (para 3, line 3) were areas where _____.(a) life was enjoyed by everyone(b) more roads were built to bypass the heavy traffic[page](c) a greenbelt was available solely for recreation(d) people could have lots of fun29. it is evident that the writer _____.(a) finds urban life uncomfortable(b) prefers life in the countryside(c) feels disappointed in the changes of suburbs(d) advocates the idea of returning to nature30. the topic discussed in the passage is "_____".(a) the size and scale of suburban neighborhood units(b) the advantage of old-type suburbs(c) the location of railroad stations(d) the concept of the suburban patternquestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:recent stories in the newspapers and magazines suggest that teaching and research contradict each other, that research plays too prominent a part in academic promotions, and that teaching is badly underemphasized. there is an element of truth in these statements, but they also ignore deeper and more important relationships.research experience is an essential element of hiring and promotion at a research university because it is the emphasis on research that distinguishes such a university from an arts college. some professors, however, neglect teaching for research and that presents a problem.most research universities reward outstanding teaching, but the greatest recognition is usually given for achievements in research. part of the reason is the difficulty of judging teaching.a highly responsible and tough professor is usually appreciated by top students who want to be challenged, but disliked by those whose records are less impressive. the mild professor gets overall ratings that are usually high, but there is a sense of disappointment in the part of the best students, exactly those for whom the system should present the greatest challenges. thus, a university trying to promote professors primarily on the teaching qualities would have to confront this confusion.as modern science moves faster, two forces are exerted on professor: one is the time needed to keep on with the profession; the other is the time needed to teach. the training of new scientists requires outstanding teaching at the research university as well as the arts college. although scientists are usually "made" in the elementary schools, scientists can be "lost" by poor teaching at the college and graduate school levels. the solution is not to separate teaching and research, but to recognize that the combination is difficult but vital. the title of professor should be given only to those who profess, and it is perhaps time for universities to reserve it for those willing to be an earnest part of the community of scholars. professor unwilling to teach can be called "distinguished research investigators" or something else.the pace of modern science makes it increasingly difficult to be a great researcher and a great teacher. yet many are described in just those terms. those who say we can separate teaching and research simply do not understand the system but those who say the problem will disappear are not fulfilling their responsibilities.31. what idea does the author want to convey in the firstparagraph?(a) it is wrong to overestimate the importance of teaching.(b) teaching and research are contradictory to each other.(c) research can never be emphasized too much.(d) the relationship between teaching and research should not be simplified.32. in academic promotions research universities still attach more importance to research partly because _____.(a) research improves the quality of teaching(b) students who want to be challenged appreciate research professors(c) it is difficult to evaluate teaching quality objectively(d) professor with achievements in research are usually responsible and tough33. according to the fourth paragraph, which of the following will the author probably agree with?(a) distinguished professors at research universities should concentrate on research only.(b) the separation of teaching from research can lower the quality of future scientists.(c) it is of utmost importance to improve teaching in elementary schools in order to train new scientists.[page](d) the rapid developments of modern science make it impossible to combine teaching with research.34. the title of professor should be given only to those who, first and foremost, do _____.(a) teaching (b) field work (c) scientific research (d) investigation35. the phrase "the problem" (para. 5, line 3) refers to _____.(a) raising the status of teaching(b) the combination of teaching with research(c) the separations of teaching from research(d) improving the status of researchquestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:i have had just about enough of being treated like a second-class citizen, simply because i happened to be that put upon member of society-a customer. the more i go into shops and hotels, banks and post offices, railway stations, airports and the like, the more i'm convinced that things are being run solely to suit the firm, the system, or the union. there seems to be a new motto (座右铭) for the so-called 'service' organization-staff before service. how often, for example, have you queued for what seems like hours at the post office or the supermarket because there aren't enough staff on duty at all the service counters? surely in these days of high unemployment it must be possible to increase counter staff. yet supermarkets, hinting darkly at higher prices, claim that bringing all their cash registers into operation at any time would increase expenses. and the post office says we cannot expect all their service counters to be occupied 'at times when demand is low'.it's the same with hotels. because waiters and kitchen staff must finish when it suits them, dining rooms close earlier or menu choice is diminished. as for us guests ( and how the meaning of that word has been cut away little by little), we just have to put up with it. there's also the nonsense of so many friendly hotel night porters having been gradually with drawn from service in the interests of 'efficiency' (i.e.profits) and replaced by coin-eating machines which supply everything from beer to medicine, not to mention the creeping threat of the tea-making set in your room: a kettle with teabags, milk bags sugar.who wants to wake up to a raw teabag? i don't, especially when i am paying for 'service'.our only hope is to hammer our irritation whenever and wherever we can and, if all else fails, restore that other, older saying-take our custom (买卖)elsewhere.36. the author feels that nowadays customers are _____.(a) not worthy of special treatment(b) not provided with proper service(c) considered to be inferior members of society(d) regarded as privileged37. in the author's opinion, the quality of service is changing because _____.(a) the staff are less considerate than employers(b) customers are becoming more demanding(c) customers unwilling to pay extra money(d) more consideration is given to the staff than customers38. according to the author, long queues at counters are caused by _____.(a) the diminishing supply of good staff(b) lack of cooperation among staff(c) inefficient staff(d) deliberate understaffing39. the disappearance of old-style hotel porters can be attributed to the fact that ____.(a) self-service provides a cheaper alternative(b) the personal touch is less appreciated nowadays(c) machines are more reliable than human beings(d) few people are willing to do this type of work40. the author's final solution to the problem discussed in the passage is ____.(a) to put up with whatever service is provided(b) to make strong complaints wherever necessary(c) to fully utilize all kinds of coin-eating machines(d) to go where good service is availablepart iii vocabulary and structure (20 minutes)41. when mobammed, a friend of mine from the middle east, first went to the united kingdom to attend the university, ____ with women in the same class.(a) he's never before studied (b) he couldn't before study(c) he would never before study (d) he hasn't before studied42. america will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it _____ before the west was settled.[page](a) has (b) did (c) was (d) would43. the cars were _____ because it was impossible to go any further in the fog.(a) sacrificed (b) transported (c) abandoned (d) removed44. the new designs of the christmas stamps are always waited for with keen ____.(a) irritation (b) prediction (c) reception (d) anticipation45. buck helm, a retired salesman, survived ____ alive for 90 hours in his car.(a) being buried (b) having buried (c) burying (d) to be buried46. we have had to raise our prices because of the increase in the cost of ____ materials.(a) primitive (b) rough (c) original (d) raw47. indeed, almost every scientist now finds it impossible to read all the works relevant to his own subject, ____ extensively outside of it.(a) much more to read (b) much less reading (c) much less to read (d) still more reading48. it is up to the government to tackle the air pollution problem and ____measures in line with the council's suggestions.(a) set about (b) work out (c) fill up (d) bring over49. all that day my father was in ____ as he had lost his wallet.(a) great anxiety (b) ambition (c) ill humour (d) hospitality50. we preferred to postpone the meeting ____ it without the presence of our president.(a) rather than hold (b) than to hold (c) rather than held (d) to holding51. many people, if not most, _____literary taste as an elegant accomplishment, by acquiring which they will complete themselves, and make themselves finally fit as members of a correct society.(a) look on (b) look down (c) look in (d) look into52. what a good listener is able to do is to process what he hears on the basis of the context _____.(a) it occurring in (b) occurred in it (c) occurring in it (d) it occurs in53. the car accident was _____ to the driver's violation of the traffic regulations.(a) assigned (b) contributed (c) attributed (d) transferred54. she is a very _____ student. she's always talking about travelling to outer space.(a) imaginary (b) imaginative (c) imaginable (d) imagining55. his lectures on roman history would do credit _____ a real expert.(a) in (b) to (c) of (d) with56. my grandpa gave me a watch, which is made of gold, _____ i keep to this day.(a) and thus (b) and (c) so (d) and which57. i have devoted four weekends to writing papers and nowi feel i ______ a rest.(a) deserve (b) preserve (c) conceive (d) receive58. i found myself _____ to the spot where the experiment was being performed whenever i had some time to spare.(a) draws (b) drawing (c) drawn (d) drew59. the construction of a 5-million-ton iron and steel works is now under _____.(a) conclusion (b) contribution (c) continuation (d) consideration60. mary found it difficult to ____ jim's father when he disapproved of their marriage.(a) stand for (b) stand out (c) stand by (d) stand up to61. president banda's background as a doctor has given him ____into the medical problem that face the country.(a) a view (b) a vision (c) an insight (d) a sight62. i wish _____ to stockholm when i was in sweden. i hear it'sa beautiful city.(a) i went (b) i had gone (c) i have gone (d) having gone63. he _____ his job in order to engage in full-time writing.(a) upheld (b) resigned from (c) undertook (d) took over64. the west is traditionally the land of the pioneers and the cowboys, where ____ could be easily made in cattle or land.(a) fortunes (b) property (c) opportunities (d) treasure65. i didn't sent out my application form last week, but i ____.(a) had to (b) should have (c) would do (d) might have to66. vostok is close to the coldest spot in the world, where an _____ minus 128.6 f was recorded in 1983.(a) unreliable (b) extra (c) incredible (d) impossible67. it is human nature to think back to a golden age _____one's country was strong and respected.(a) when (b) provided (c) as (d) unless68. i don't mind a bit if you bring your friends in for a drink, but it is rather too much when sixteen people arrive _____ for dinner.(a) unusually (b) excessively (c) consequently (d) unexpectedly69. faced with all the difficulties, the girl ____ her mother for comfort.[page](a) turned over (b) turned from (c) turned to (d) turned up70. david is the _____ holder of the world 5,000-meter world record, but there is no guarantee that he will win in the olympic games.(a) current (b) predominant (c) prevailing (d) decisivepart iv error correction (15 minutes)example:television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods. many of the 1. timearguments having used for the study of literature as a school subject are valid 2. ____for study of television. 3. thewhen you board a plane, a machine may soon be scanning morethan your bages-it may be studying yourface. a computer comes onto the market recently which 71._______promises to be able to recognize faces at a glance from a video 72. _______camera.the system, known as pres, has many possible use in 73._______different fields but the most prominent is like to be monitoring 74. _______crowds at airports for known terrorists. such a task is farfrom the capabilities of a conventional image processor, whichis too quick to be of practical use. moreover, it is too easily 75. ________confused: if image of a face in its memory is only a frontal 76. _________view. for example, they might not recognize that same face 77. _________when presenting with a side view of the face. 78. _________pares relies in the new technology of neural (神经的) 79. ________networks. like the brain, it has many interconnected memory "cells", which work simultaneously rather than in sequence andthus greatly speed up the computation. and like the brain, theneural network can be trained to concentrate on essentials while ignoring of inessential matters-it can "learn" what's 80. _______important and what isn't. but the training is boring: anoperator must patiently correct the computer's mistakes.part v writing (30 minutes)directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the title: motorcycles and city traffic.you should base your composition on the following outline (given in chinese):1. 近年来中国城市中的摩托车2. 摩托车的优点和缺点3. 你对我国城市中摩托车发展前景的看法you must write your composition in no less than 120 words on composition sheet and remember to write it in readable handwriting.。

1998年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the foursuggested answers marked A)，B)，C), and D) and decide which is the bestanswer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with asingle line through the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read: A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D)“5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) Swimming.B) Playing tennis.C) Boating.D) Playing table tennis.2. A) She is going to Finland.B) She has visitors next week.C) She has guests at her home.D) She has just visited him this week.3. A) Get some coins at the cafe.B) Buy her a cup of coffee at the cafe.C) Get some coffee from the machine.D) Try to fix the machine.4. A) They spent three hundred dollars on their vacation.B) They drew money than they should have from the bank.C) They lost their bankbook.D) They had only three hundred dollars in the bank.5. A) To find out her position in the company.B) To apply for a job.C) To offer her a position in the company.D) To make an appointment with the sales manager.6. A) He is surprised.B) He feels very happy.C) He is indifferent.D) He feels very angry.7. A) He hasn’t cleaned his room since Linda visited him.B) Linda is the only person who ever comes to see him.C) He’s been too busy to clean his room.D) Cleaning is the last thing he wants to do.8. A) She is a generous woman by nature.B) It doesn’t have a back cover.C) She feels the man’s apology is enough.D) It is no longer of any use to her.9. A) To remind him of the data he should take to the conference.B) To see if he is ready for the coming conference.C) To tell him something about the conference.D) To help him prepare for the conference.10. A) The long wait.B) The broken down computer.C) The mistakes in her telephone bill.D) The bad telephone service.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) About 45 million.B) About 50 million.C) About 5.4 million.D) About 4.5 million.12. A) The actors and actresses are not paid for their performance.B) The actors and actresses only perform in their own communities.C) They exist only in small communities.D) They only put on shows that are educational.13. A) It provides them with the opportunity to watch performances for free.B) It provides them with the opportunity to make friends.C) It gives them the chance to do something creative.D) It gives them a chance to enjoy modern art.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They are usually more clever.B) They get tired easily.C) They are more likely to make minor mental errors.D) They are more skillful in handling equipment.15. A) It had its limitations.B) Its results were regarded as final.C) It was supported by the government.D) It was not sound theoretically.16. A) Their lack of concentration resulting from mental stress.B) The lack of consideration for them in equipment design.C) The probability of their getting excited easily.D) Their slowness in responding.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) 18 American undergraduates.B) 18 American postgraduates.C) 18 overseas undergraduates.D) 18 overseas postgraduates.18. A) Family relations.B) social problemsC) Family planning.D) Personal matters.19. A) Red.B) Blue.C) Green.D) Purple.20. A) The five questions were not well designed.B) Not all the questionnaires were returned.C) Only a small number of students were surveyed.D) Some of the answers to the questionnaire were not valid.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them the re are fourchoices marked A)，B)，C), and D). you should decide on the best choiceand mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.A few common misconceptions. Beauty is only skin deep. One’s physical assets and liabilities don’t count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best.Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not so beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents,sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs, they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted.Un American, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable? Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties (虔诚) while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a group-college students, or teachers or corporate personnel mangers-a piece of paper relating an individual’s accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted.Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good.In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. On another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire (追求) to managerial positions do not get on as well as women who may be less attractive.21. According to the passage, people often wrongly believe that in pursuing a career asa manager ________.A) a person’s property or debts do not matter muchB) a person’s outward appearance is not a critical qualificationC) women should always dress fashionablyD) women should not only be attractive but also high minded22. The result of research carried out by social scientists show that ________.A) people do not realize the importance of looking one’s bestB) women in pursuit of managerial jobs are not likely to be paid wellC) good looking women aspire to managerial positionsD) attractive people generally have an advantage over those who are not23. Experiments by scientists have shown that when people evaluate individuals oncertain attributes ________.A) they observe the principle that beauty is only skin deepB) they do not usually act according to the views they supportC) they give ordinary looking persons the lowest ratingsD) they tend to base their judgment on the individual’s accomplishments24. “Good looks cut both ways for women” (Line 1, Para. 5) means that ________.A) attractive women have tremendous potential impact on public jobsB) good looking women always get the best of everythingC) being attractive is not always an advantage for womenD) attractive women do not do as well as unattractive women in managerialpositions25. It can be inferred from the passage that in the business world ________.A) handsome men are not affected as much by their looks as attractive women areB) physically attractive women who are in the public eye usually do quite wellC) physically attractive men and women who are in the public eye usually get alongquite wellD) good looks are important for women as they are for menQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:Not content with its doubtful claim to produce cheap food for our own population, the factory farming industry also argues that “hungry nations are benefiting from advances made by the poultry (家禽) industry”. In fact, rather than helping the fight against malnutrition (营养不良) in “hungry nations,” the spread of factory farming has, inevitably aggravated the problem.Large scale intensive meat and poultry production is a waste of food resources.This is because more protein has to be fed to animals in the form of vegetable matter than can ever be recovered in the form of meat. Much of the food value is lost in the animal’s process of digestion and cell replacement. Neither, in the ca se of chicken, can one eat feathers, blood, feet or head. In all, only about 44% of the live animal fits to be eaten as meat.This means one has to feed approximately 9—10 times as much food value to the animal than one can consume from the carcass. As a system for feeding the hungry, the effects can prove disastrous. At times of crisis, grain is the food of life.Nevertheless, the huge increase in poultry production throughout Asia and Africa continues. Normally British or US firms are involved. For instance, an American based multinational company has this year announced its involvement in projects in several African countries. Britain’s largest suppliers chickens, Ross Breeders, are also involved in projects all over the world.Because such trade is good for exports, Western governments encourage it. In 1979, a firm in Bangladesh called Phoenix Poultry received a grant to set up a unit of 6,000 chickens and 18,000 laying hens. This almost doubled the number of poultry kept in the country all at once.But Bangladesh lacks capital, energy and food and has large numbers of unemployed. Such chicken raising demands capital for building and machinery, extensive use of energy resources for automation, and involves feeding chickens with potentialfamine relief protein food. At present, one of Bangladesh’s main imports is food grains, because the country is unable to grow enough food to feed its population. On what then can they possibly feed the chicken?26. In this passage the author argues that ________.A) efficiency must be raised in the poultry industryB) raising poultry can provide more protein than growing grainC) factory farming will do more harm than good to developing countriesD) hungry nations may benefit from the development of the poultry industry27. According to the author, in factory, vegetable food ________.A) is easy for chickens to digestB) is insufficient for the needs of poultryC) is fully utilised in meat and egg productionD) is inefficiently converted into meat and eggs28. Western governments encourage the poultry industry in Asia because they regard itas an effective way to ________.A) boost their own exportsB) alleviate malnutrition in Asian countriesC) create job opportunities in Asian countriesD) promote the exports of Asian countries29. The word “carcass” (Line 2, Para. 3) most probably means “________”.A) vegetables preserved for future useB) the dead body of an animal ready to be cut into meatC) expensive food that consumers can hardly affordD) meat canned for future consumption30. What the last paragraph tells us is the author’s ________.A) detailed analysis of the ways of raising poultry in BangladeshB) great appreciation of the development of poultry industry in BangladeshC) critical view on the development of the poultry industry in BangladeshD) practical suggestion for the improvement of the poultry industry in Bangladesh Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.We all have offensive breath at one time or another. In most cases, offensive breath emanates from bacteria in the mouth, although there are other more causes.Until a few years ago, the most doctors could do was to counsel patients with badbreath about oral cleanliness. Now they are finding new ways to treat the usually curable condition.Bad breath can happen whenever the normal flow of saliva (唾液) slows. Our mouths are full of bacteria feeding on protein in bits of food and shed tissue. The bacteria emit evil smelling gases, the worst of which is hydrogen sulfide (硫化物).Mouth bacteria thrive in airless conditions. Oxygen rich saliva keeps their numbers down. When we sleep, for example, the saliva stream slows, and sulfur producing bacteria gain the upper hand, producing classic “morning breath”.Alcohol hunger, too much talking, breathing through the mouth during exercise anything that dries the mouth produces bad breath. So can stress, though it’s not understood why. Some people’s breath turns sour every time they go on a job interview.Saliva flow gradually slows with age, which explains why the elderly have more bad breath trouble than younger people do. Babies, however, who make plenty of saliva and whose mouths contain relatively few bacteria have characteristically sweet breath.For most of us, the simple, dry mouth variety of bad breath is easily cured. Eating or drinking starts saliva and sweeps away many of the bacteria. Breakfast often stops morning breath.Those with chronic dry mouth find that it helps to keep gum, hard candy, or a bottle of water or juice around. Brushing the teeth wipes out dry mouth bad breath because it clears away many of the offending bacteria.Surprisingly, one thing that rarely works is mouthwash. The liquid can mask bad breath odor with its own smell, but the effect lasts no more than an hour. Some mouthwashes claim to kill the bacteria responsible for bad breath. The trouble is, they don’t necessarily reach all offending germs. Most bacteria are well protected from mouthwash under thick layers of mucus (粘液). If the mouthwash contains alcohol-as most do-it can intensify the problem by drying out the mouth.31. The phrase “emanate from”in Paragraph 1 most probably means “________”.A) thrive onB) account forC) originate fromD) descend from32. Which of the following is mentioned as one of the causes of bad breath?A) Tooth trouble.B) Sulfur rich food.C) Too much exercise.D) Mental strain.33. According to the passage, alcohol has something to do with bad breath mainlybecause ________.A) it keeps offending bacteria from reproducingB) its smell adds to bad breathC) it kills some helpful bacteriaD) it affects the normal flow of saliva34. Mouthwashes are not an effective cure for bad breath mainly because ________.A) they can’t mask the bad odor long enoughB) they can’t get to all the offending bacteriaC) their strong smell mixes with bad breath and makes it worseD) they can’t cover the thick layers of mucus35. We can infer from this passage that ________.A) offensive breath can’t easily be curedB) elderly people are less offended by bad breathC) heavy drinkers are less affected by bad breathD) offensive breath is less affected by alcoholQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.“Welcome to the U.S.A.! Major Credi t cards accepted!”By the millions they are coming no longer the tired, the poor, the wretched mass longing for a better living. These are the wealthy. “We don’t have a budget,” says a biologist from Brazil, as she walks with two companions through New York City’s South Street. “We just use our credit cards.”The U.S. has long been one of the world’s most popular tourist destinations, but this year has been exceptional. First there was the World Cup, which drew thousands from every corner of the globe; then came the weakening of the U.S. dollar against major currencies. Now the U.S., still the world’s superpower, can also claim to be the world’s bargain basement (廉价商品部). Nobody undersells America these days on just about everything, from consumer electronics to fashion clothes to tennis rackets. Bottom retail prices-anywhere from 30% to 70% lower than those in Europe and Asia-have attracted some 47 million visitors, who are expected to leave behind $79 billion in 1994. That’s up from $74 billion the year before.True, not everyone comes just for brains. There remains an undeniable fascination in the rest of the world with all things American, nourished by Hollywood films and U.S. television series. But shopping the U.S.A. is proving irresistible. Every week thousands arrive with empty suitcases ready to be filled; some even rent an additional hotel room to hold their purchases. The buying binge (无节制) has become as important as watching Old Faithful Fountains erupt in Yellowstone Park or sunbathing on a beach in Florida.The U.S. has come at last to appreciate what other countries learned long ago: the pouring in of foreign tourists may not always be convenient, but is does put money in the bank. And with a trade deficit at about $130 billion and growing for the past 12 months,the U.S. needs all the deposits it can get. Compared with American tourists abroad, visitors to the U.S. stay longer and spend more money at each stop; an average of 12.2 night and $1624 a traveller versus the American s’ four nights and $298.36. From what the Brazilian biologist says, we know that tourists like her ________.A) are reluctant to carry cash with themB) simply don’t care how much they spendC) are not good at planning their expenditureD) often spend more money than they can afford37. The reason why 1994 was exceptional is that ________.A) it saw an unusually large number of tourists to the U.S.B) it witnessed a drop in the number of tourists to the U.S.C) tourism was hardly affected by the weakening of the U.S. dollar that yearD) tourists came to the U.S. for sightseeing rather than for bargains that year38. By saying “nobody undersells America” (Line 4, Para. 3), the author means that________.A) no other country underestimates the competitiveness of American productsB) nobody expects the Americans to cut the prices of their commoditiesC) nobody restrains the selling of American goodsD) no other country sells at a lower price that America39. Why does the author assert that all things American are fascinating to foreigners?A) Because they have gained much publicity through the American media.B) Because they represent the world’s latest fashions.C) Because they embody the most sophisticated technology.D) Because they are available at all tourist destinations.40. From the passage we can conclude that the U.S. has come to realize ________.A) the weakening if the U.S. dollar can result in trade deficitsB) the lower the retail prices, the greater the profitsC) tourism can make great contributions to its economyD) visitors to the U.S. are wealthier than U.S. tourists abroadPart III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A)，B)，C), and D). Choose the ONE that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre.41. His career was not noticeably ________ by the fact that he had never been tocollege.A) preventedB) preventedC) hinderedD) refrained42. When trapped in drifting sands, do not struggle, or you will be ________ in deeper.A) absorbedB) pushedC) heavedD) sucked43. To ________ for his unpleasant experiences he drank a little more than was good forhim.A) commenceB) compromiseC) compensateD) compliment44. All visitors are requested to ________ with the regulations.A) complyB) agreeC) assistD) consent45. The captain ________ the horizon for approaching ships.A) scannedB) scrutinizedC) exploredD) swept46. The vast majority of people in any given culture will ________ establishedstandards of that culture.A) confineB) conformC) confront47. Although he was on a diet, the food ________ him enormously.A) inspiredB) temptedC) overcameD) encouraged48. His argument does not suggest that mankind can ________ to be wasteful in theutilization of these resources.A) resortB) grantC) affordD) entitle49. If you want this pain killer, you’ll have to ask the doctor for a ________.A) receiptB) recipeC) subscriptionD) prescription50. Some fish have a greater ________ for acid water than others.A) toleranceB) resistanceC) dependenceD) persistence51. There was once a town in this country where all life seemed to live in ________with its surroundings.A) coincidenceB) harmonyC) uniformD) alliance52. The court considers a financial ________ to be an appropriate way of punishinghim.A) paymentB) obligationC) option53. It is true that ________ a wild plant into a major food crop such as wheat requiresmuch research time.A) multiplyingB) breedingC) magnifyingD) generating54. The government has devoted a larger slice of its national ________ to agriculturethan most other countries.A) resourcesB) potentialC) budgetD) economy55. In this poor country, survival is still the leading industry; all else is ________.A) luxuryB) accommodationC) entertainmentD) refreshment56. Some criminals were printing ________ dollar bills until they were arrested.A) decentB) fakeC) patentD) suspicious57. Mr. Bloom is not ________ now, but he will be famous someday.A) significantB) dominantC) magnificentD) prominent58. His body temperature has been ________ for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5degree centigrade.A) uncommonB) disorderedC) abnormalD) extraordinary59. He seems to be ________ enough to climb to the mountain top in an hour.A) radiantB) conscientiousC) conspicuousD) energetic60. Although cats cannot see in complete darkness their eyes are much more ________to light than are human eyes.A) glowingB) brilliantC) sensitiveD) gloomy61. While nuclear weapons present grave ________ dangers, the predominant crisis ofoverpopulation is with us today.A) inevitableB) constantC) overwhelmingD) potential62. This is the ________ piano on which the composer created some of his greatestworks.A) trueB) originalC) realD) genuine63. Comparison and contrast are often used ________ in advertisements.A) intentionallyB) pertinentlyC) incidentallyD) tiresomely64. A complete investigation into the causes of the accident should lead to improvedstandards and should ________ new operating procedures.A) result isB) match withC) subject toD) proceed with65. ________ popular belief that classical music is too complex, it achieves a simplicitythat only a genius can create.A) Subject toB) Contrary toC) Familiar toD) Similar to66. The bond of true affection had pulled us six very different men from six verydifferent countries across Antarctica; we proved in the end that we weren’t very different ________.A) for allB) as usualC) in particularD) after all67. Though her parents ________ her musical ability, Jerrilou’s piano playing is reallyterrible.A) pour scorn onB) heap praise uponC) give vent toD) cast light upon68. Some children display an ________ curiosity about every new thing they encounter.A) incredibleB) infectiousC) incompatibleD) inaccessible69. Bruce Stephen gripped the ________ wheel hard as the car bounced up and down.A) stirringB) drivingC) steeringD) revolving70. Many of the scientists and engineers are judged ________ how great theirachievements are.A) in spite ofB) in ways ofC) in favor ofD) in terms ofPart IV Short Answer Questions (15 minutes)Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions orcomplete the statements in the fewest possible words (not exceeding 10words).One summer my wife Chris and I were invited by friends to row down the Colorado River in a boat. Our expedition included many highly successful people the kind who have staffs to take care of life’s daily work. But in the wilder rapids, all of us naturally set aside any pretenses (矫饰) and put out backs into every stroke to keep the boat from tumbling over. At each night’s encampment, we all hauled supplies and cleaned dishes. After only two days in the river, people accustomed to being spoiled and indulged had become a team, working together to cope with the unpredictable twists and turns of the river.I believe that in life as well as on boat trips teamwork will make all our journeys successful ones. The rhythms of teamwork have been the rhythms of my life. I played basketball alongside famous players, and the team I now coach, the New York Knicks, has recovered from years of adversity to become a major contender in the 1990s.I’m persuaded that teamwork is the key to making dreams come true. We all play on a number of teams in our lives-as part of a family, as a citizen, as a member of an agreement, written or unwritten. It contains the values and goals for every team member.For example, in the late 1970s a General Motors plant in Fremont, Calif, was the scene of constant warfare between labor and management. Distrust ran so high that the labor contract was hundreds of pages of tricky legal terms. GM spent millions trying to keep the facility up to date, but productivity and quality were continually poor. Absenteeism (旷工) was so out of control that the production line couldn’t even start up on some mornings. Finally in the early 1980s, GM shut down the plant.GM became convinced that it had to create new production systems based on teamwork. In the mid 1980s it reopened the Fremont plant with Toyota, starting from scratch (从零开始) with a much simpler and shorter labor contract. It promised that executive salaries would be reduced and jobs performed by outside sellers would be given to employees before any layoffs were considered. Over a hundred job classifications were cut to just two. Instead of doing one boring job over and over, workers agreed to be part of small teams, spending equal time on various tasks.Questions: (注意: 答题尽量简短，超过10个词要扣分。

1990年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷试卷总分：100答题时间：120分钟Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section A1990年1月六级听力原文1 W: What is the home assignment from Professor Smith? I missed the class this morning.M: Finish reading Chapter 5 and 6, and write an essay based on chapter 3 and 4. Remember, it’s your turn to give presentation next Monday.Q: What will the woman do in addition to the home assignment for the whole class?2 M: Now, I’m going to start off by asking you a difficult question. Why would you like to get this post?W: Well, first of all I know that your firm has a very good reputation. Then I’ve heard you offer good opportunities for promotion for the right person.Q: What do we know from this conversation?3 W: Did you hear Mike is in hospital with head injures and a broken arm?M: Yes, apparently he was struck by another vehicle and turned completely over.Q: What happened to Mike?4 M: Could you help me to decide what I should buy for my brother’s birthday?W: Remember, you took a picture of him at his last birthday party? Why not buy him a frame so that he can fix the picture in it.Q: What did the man do last year for his brother’s birthday?5 M: What did your doctor describe for you?W: Well, he said there is no need for me to take any medicine if I eat well-balanced meals.Q: What did the man do last year for his brother’s birthday?6 W: Could you tell me what I should do if my car breaks down?M: Well, I’m sure you won’t have any trouble, Mrs. Smith, but if something should happen, just call this number.They’ll see that you get help.Q: What does the man really mean?7 W: Did you watch the game last night?M: I wouldn’t have missed it for anything!Q: Did the man watch the game last night?8 M: Hey, Louise, I’ve got a used copy of our chemistry textbook for half price.W: I’m afraid you wasted your money, yours is the first edition, but we’re supposed to be using the third edition.Q: What has the man done?9 M: Could you tell me the timetable of the school bus?W: Well, the bus leaves here for the campus every two hours from 7:00 a.m.. But on Saturdays it starts half an hour later.Q: When does the second bus leave on Saturdays?10 W: I had prepared dinner for eight people before Mary called and said that she and her husband could not make it.M: That’s all right. I am just going to tell you I have invited Tom and his girlfriend.Q: How many people are coming to the dinner?Passage OneStrikes are very common in Britain. They are extremely harmful to its industries. In fact, there are other countries in Western Europe that lose more working days through strikes every year than Britain. The trouble with the strikes in Britain is that they occur in essential industries. There are over 495 unions in Britain. Some unions are very small. Over 20 have more than 100,000 members. Unions do not exist only to demand higher wages. They also educate their members. They provide benefits for the sick and try to improve working conditions. Trade unioners say that we must thank the unions forharmful because they would not be predicted. However, these unofficial strikes still occur from time to time and some unions have also refused to cooperate with the law. As a result, the general picture of the relations between workers and employers in Britain has gone from bad to worse.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11 In what way are strikes in Britain different from those in other European countries?12 Why are British employers so afraid of unofficial strikes?13 What conclusion can be drawn from this passage?Passage TwoEverywhere we look we see Americans running. They run for every reason anybody could think of.They run for health, for beauty, to lose weight, to feel fit and because it’s the thing they love to do. Every year, for example, thousands upon thousands of people run in one race, the Boston Marathon, the best known long distance race in the United States. In recent years, there have been nearly 5,000 official competitors and it takes three whole minutes for the crowd of runners just to cross the starting line. You may have heard the story of the Greek runner Pheidippides. He ran from Marathon to Athens to deliver the news of the great victory 2,500 years ago. No one knows how long it took him to run the distance. But the story tells us that he died of the effort. Today no one will die in a Marathon race. But the effort is still enormous. Someone does come in first in this tiring foot race. But at the finish line we see what this race is about: not being first but finishing. The real victory is not over one’s fellow runners but over one’s own body. It’s a victory of will-power over fatigue. In the Boston Marathon each person who crosses that finish line is a winner.Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14 What’s the real victory for the thousands of Marathon runners?15 Who is a winner in the competition?16 What happened to the ancient Greek runner Pheidippides?Passage ThreeDeep Springs is an American college. It is an unusual college. It is high in the white mountains in California not in a college town. The campus is a collection of old buildings with no beautiful classrooms. The only college-like thing about Deep Springs is its library. Students can study from the 17,000 books 24 hours a day. The library is never crowded as there are only 24 well-qualified male students at the college. In addition, there are only five full-time professors. These teachers believe in the idea of this college. They need to believe in it. They do not get much money. In fact, their salaries are only about 9,000 dollars a year plus room and meals. The schools gives the young teachers as well as the students something more important than money. “There is no place like Deep Springs,”says a second-year student from New York State, “Most colleges today are much the same but Deep Springs is not afraid to be different.” He says that students at his college are in a situation quite unlike in the other school. Students are there to learn and they cannot run away from problems. Thereis no place to escape to. At most colleges, students can close their book and go to a film. They can go out to restaurants or to parties. Deep Springs students have completely different alternatives. They can talk to each other or to their teachers. Another possible activity is to go to the library to study. They might decide to do some work. The students who doesn’t want to do any of these activities can go for a walk in the desert. Deep Springs is far from the world of restaurants and cinemas. Thereis not even a television set on campus.Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17 What is the total number of students at Deep Springs College?18 What is true of the campus of Deep Springs College?19 Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?20 What can students at Deep Springs do in their spare time?1.[1分]-----正确答案(B)ARead four chapters.Write an article.BCSpeak before the class.DPreview two chapters.2.[1分]-----正确答案(C)AThe woman is being interviewed by a reporter.The woman is asking for a promotion.BCThe woman is applying for a job.DThe woman is being given an examination.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.He was hurt while playing volleyball.BHe fell down the stairs.CWhile crossing the street, he was hit by a car.D[1分]-----正确答案(A)4.Took a photo of him.A Bought him a picture.B Held a birthday party.C Bought him a frame for his picture.D [1分]-----正确答案(D)5.No medicine could solve the woman’s problem.A The woman should eat less to lose some weight.B Nothing could help the woman if she ate too little.C The woman should choose the right foods.D [1分]-----正确答案(A)6.He meant she should make a phone call if anything went wrong.A He meant for her just to wait till help came.B He was afraid something would go wrong with her car.C He promised to give her himself.D [1分]-----正确答案(B)7.No, he missed it.A No, he didn’t.B Yes, he did.C Yes, he probably did.D [1分]-----正确答案(B)8.He has edited three books.A He has bought the wrong book.B He has lost half of his money.C He has found the book that will be used.D [1分]-----正确答案(D)9.At 7:30A At 8:30B At 9:00C At 9:30D [1分]-----正确答案(C)10.Six.A Seven.B Eight.C Nine.D [1分]-----正确答案(A)11.They often take place in her major industries.A British trade unions are more powerful.B There are more trade union members in Britain.C Britain loses more working days through strikes every year.D [1分]-----正确答案(B)12.Such strikes are against the British law.A Such strikes are unpredictable.B Such strikes involve workers from different trades.C Such strikes occur frequently these days.D [1分]-----正确答案(D)13.Trade unions in Britain are becoming more popular.A Most strikes in Britain are against the British law.B Unofficial strikes in Britain are easier to deal with now.C Employer-worker relations in Britain have become tenser.DQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Questions 21 to 24 are based on the following passage. Automation refers to the introduction of electronic control and automatic operation of productive machinery. It reduces the human factors, mental and physical, in production, and is designed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in Americanindustry has been called the “Second Industrial Revolution”. Labour’s concern over automation arises from uncertainty about the effects on employment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the main, labour has taken the view that resistance to technicalchange is unfruitful. Eventually, the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, sinceit is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, maintaining, and repairing automation equipment. The interest of labour lies in bringing about the transition with a minimum of inconvenience and distress to the workers involved. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in theform of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards. To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is the promotion of supplementary unemployment benefit plans. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in such a plan has a direct financial interest in[1分]-----正确答案(C)14.The victory over one’s fellow runners.A The victory over former winners.B The victory of will-power over fatigue.C The victory of one’s physical strength.D [1分]-----正确答案(D)15.The runner who runs to keep fit.A The runner who breaks the record.B The runner who does not break the rules.C The runner who covers the whole distance.D [1分]-----正确答案(B)16.He won the first prize.A He fell behind the other runners.B He died because of fatigue.C He gave up because he was tired.D [1分]-----正确答案(C)17.17,000.A 1,700.B 24.C 9,000.D [1分]-----正确答案(B)18.It’s located in a college town.A It’s composed of a group of old buildings.B Its classrooms are beautifully designed.C Its library is often crowed with students.D [1分]-----正确答案(D)19.Teachers are well paid at Deep Springs.A Students are mainly from New York State.B The length of schooling is two years.C Teachers needn’t pay for their rent and meals.D [1分]-----正确答案(A)20.Take a walk in the desert.A Go to a cinema.B Watch TV programmes.C Attend a party.Dagreements, requiring that permanently dismissed workers be paid a sum of money based on length of service. Another approach is the idea of the “improvement factor”, which calls for wage increases based on increases in productivity. It is possible, however, that labour will rely mainly on reduction in working time.Questions 25 to 30 are based on the following passage. The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high schoolgraduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become “better” people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don’t go. But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending, those who don’t fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with each other’s experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school. Others find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out-often encouraged by college administrators.Some observers say the fault! Is with the young people themselves-they are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But that’s a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesn’t explain all campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. We’ve been told that young people have to go to college because our economy can’t absorb an army of untrainedeighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.Some adventuresome educators and campus watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesn’t make people intelligent,ambitious, happy, liberal, quick-learning people are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successfulwhether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy (异端邪说) to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.Though labour worries about the effect of automation, it does not doubt that ________.[1分]-----正确答案(D)21.automation will eventually prevent unemploymentA automation will help workers acquire new skillsB automation will eventually benefit the workers no less that the employersC automation is a trend which cannot be stoppedD The idea of the “improvement factor” (Line 6, Para. 3) probably implies that ________.[1分]-----正确答案(B)22.wages should be paid on the basis of length of serviceA the benefit of increased production and lower costs should be shared by workersB supplementary unemployment benefit plans should be promotedC the transition to automation should be brought about with the minimum of inconvenience anddistress to workersD In order to get the full benefits of automation, labour will depend mostly on ________.[1分]-----正确答案(C)23.additional payment to the permanently dismissed workersA the increase of wages in proportion to the increase in productivityB shorter working hours and more leisure timeC a strong drive for planning new installationsD Which of the following can best sum up the passage?[1分]-----正确答案(B)24.Advantages and disadvantages of automation.A Labour and the effects of automation.B Unemployment benefit plans and automation.C Social benefits of automation.D According to the passage, the author believes that ________.[1分]-----正确答案(B)25.people used to question the value of college educationAQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Ours has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employed, i.e., worked for somebody else. Today only one out of five is not employed but working for himself. And when fifty years ago “being employed” meant working as afactory labourer or as a farmhand, the employee of today is increasingly a middle-class person with a substantial formal education, holding a professional or management job requiring intellectual and technical skills. Indeed, two things have characterized American society during these fifty years:middle-class and upper-class employees have been the fastest-growing groups in our working population-growing so fast that the industrial worker, that oldest child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance despite the expansion of industrial production. Yet you will find little if anything written on what it is to be an employee. You can find a great deal of very dubious advice on how to get a job or how to get a promotion. You can also find a good deal of work in a chosen field, whether it be the mechanist’s trade or bookkeeping (簿记). Every one of these trades requires different skills, sets different standards, and requires a differentpreparation. Yet they all have employeeship in common. And increasingly, especially in the large business or in government, employeeship is more important to success than the special professional knowledge or skill. Certainly more people fail because they do not know the requirements of being an employee than because they do not adequately possess the skills of their trade; the higher you climb the ladder, the more you get into administrative or executive work, the greater the emphasis on ability to work within the organization rather than on technical abilities or professional knowledge.In the 2nd paragraph, “those who don’t fit the pattern” refers to ________.[1分]-----正确答案(C)26.high school graduates who aren’t suitable for college educationA college graduates who are selling shoes and driving taxisB college students who aren’t any better for their higher educationC high school graduates who failed to be admitted to collegeD The drop-out rate of college students seems to go up because ________.[1分]-----正确答案(C)27.young people are disappointed with the conventional way of teaching at collegeA many young people are required to join the armyB young people have little motivation in pursuing a higher educationC young people don’t like the intense competition for admission to graduate schoolD According to the passage the problems of college education partly arise from the fact that________.[1分]-----正确答案(A)28.society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduatesA high school graduates do not fit the pattern of college educationB too many students have to earn their own livingC college administrators encourage students to drop outD In this passage the author argues that ________.[1分]-----正确答案(A)29.more and more evidence shows college education may not be the best thing for high schoolgraduatesA college education is not enough if one wants to be successfulB college education benefits only the intelligent, ambitious, and quick-learning peopleC intelligent people may learn quicker if they don’t go to collegeD The “surveys and statistics” mentioned in the last paragraph might have shown that ________.[1分]-----正确答案(A)30.college-educated people are more successful than non-college-educated peopleA college education was not the first choice of intelligent peopleB the less schooling a person has the better it is for himC most people have sweet memories of college lifeD It is implied that fifty years ago ________.[1分]-----正确答案(D)31.eighty per cent of American working people were employed in factoriesA twenty per cent of American intellectuals were employeesB the percentage of intellectuals in the total work force was almost the same as that ofindustrial workersC the percentage of intellectuals working as employees was not so large as that of industrialworkersD According to the passage, with the development of modern industry, ________.[1分]-----正确答案(D)32.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.We all know that the normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours’ sleep alternation with some 16-17 hours’ wakefulness and that, broadly speaking, the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this cycle can be modified.The question is no mere academic one. The ease, for example, with which people can change fromworking in the day to working at night is a question of growing importance in industry where automation calls for round-the-clock working of machines. It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a.m. one week, 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. the next, and 4 p.m. to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to a number of permanent night workers. An interesting study of the domestic life and health of night-shift workers was carried out by Brown in 1957. She found a high incidence (发生率) of disturbed sleep and other disorders among those on alternating day and night shifts, but no abnormal occurrence of these phenomena among those on permanent night work.This latter system then appears to be the best long-term policy, but meanwhile something may be done to relieve the strains of alternate day and night work by selecting those people who can adapt most quickly to the changes of routine. One way of knowing when a person has adapted is by measuring his body temperature. People engaged in normal daytime work will have a high temperature during the hours of wakefulness and a low one at night; when they change to night work the pattern will only gradually go back to match the new routine and the speed with which it does so parallels, broadly speaking, the adaptation of the body as a whole, particularly in terms of performance. Therefore, by taking body temperature at intervals of two hours throughout the period of wakefulness it can be seen how quickly a person can adapt to a reversed routine, and this could be used as a basis for selection.So far, however, such a form of selection does not seem to have been applied in practice.employers have attached great importance to factory labourersC the proportion of factory labourers in the total employee population has decreasedD The word “dubious” (L. 2, Para. 2) most probably means ________.[1分]-----正确答案(C)33.valuableA usefulB doubtfulC helpfulD According to the writer, professional knowledge or skill is ________.[1分]-----正确答案(A)34.less importance than awareness of being a good employeeA as important as the ability to deal with public relationsB more important than employer-employee relationsC more important as the ability to co-operate with others in the organizationD From the passage it can be seen that employeeship helps one ________.[1分]-----正确答案(A)35.to be more successful in his careerA to be more specialized in his fieldB to solve technical problemsC to develop his professional skillD Why is the question of “how easily people can get used to working at night” not a mere academicquestion?[1分]-----正确答案(D)36.Because few people like to reverse the cycle of sleep and wakefulness.A Because sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness.B Because people are required to work at night in some fields of industry.C Because shift work in industry requires people to change their sleeping habits.D The main problem of the round-the-clock working system lies in ________.[1分]-----正确答案(B)37.the inconveniences brought about to the workers by the introduction of automationA the disturbance of the daily life cycle of workers who have to change shifts too frequentlyB the fact that people working at night are often less effectiveC the fact that it is difficult to find a number of good night workersDPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)to change shifts at longer intervalsA to have longer shiftsB to arrange for some people to work on night shifts onlyC to create better living conditions for night workersD It is possible to find out if a person has adapted to the changes of routine by measuring his bodytemperature because ________.[1分]-----正确答案(D)39.body temperature changes when the cycle of sleep and wakefulness alternatesA body temperature changes when he changes to night shift or backB the temperature reverses when the routine is changedC people have higher temperatures when they are working efficientlyD Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?[1分]-----正确答案(B)40.Body temperature may serve as an indication of a worker’s performance.A The selection of a number of permanent night shift workers has proved to be the best solution to problems of the round-the-clock working system.B Taking body temperature at regular intervals can show how a person adapts to the changes of routine.C Disturbed sleep occurs less frequently among those on permanent night or day shifts.D You should have put the milk in the ice box; I expect it ________ undrinkable by now.[1分]-----正确答案(C)41.becameA had becomeB has becomeC becomesD Codes are a way of writing something in secret; ________, anyone who doesn’t know the code willnot be able to read it.[1分]-----正确答案(A)42.that isA worse stillB in shortC on the other handD His long service with the company was ________ with a present.[1分]-----正确答案(B)43.admittedA acknowledgedB attributedC acceptedD The atmosphere is as much a part of the earth as ________ its soils and the water of its lakes,rivers and oceans.[1分]-----正确答案(A)44.areA isB doC hasD Our house is about a mile from the station and there are not many houses ________.[1分]-----正确答案(A)45.in betweenA among themB far apartC from each otherD The drowning child was saved by Dick’s ________ action.[1分]-----正确答案(D)46.acuteA alertB profoundC promptD Children and old people do not like having their daily ________ upset.[1分]-----正确答案(B)47.habitA practiceB routineCAonBbyCforinD49.________ when she started complaining.[1分]-----正确答案(B)Not until he arrivedABHardly had he arrivedCNo sooner had he arrivedScarcely did he arriveD50.By 1990, production in the area is expected to double ________ of 1980.[1分]-----正确答案(A)thatABitConeDwhat51.Professor smith and Professor Brown will ________ in giving the class lectures.[1分]-----正确答案(C)AalterBchangeCalternatedifferD52.Understanding the cultural habits of another nation, especially ________ containing as manydifferent subcultures as the United States, is a complex task.[1分]-----正确答案(A)Aonethe oneBCthatDsuch53.The manager promised to have my complaint ________.[1分]-----正确答案(B)Alooked throughlooked intoBClooked overDlooked after54.You can’t be ________ careful in making the decision as it was such a critical case.[1分]-----正确答案(C)AveryquiteBCtooDso55.Children are ________ to have some accidents as they grow up.[1分]-----正确答案(C)AobviousindispensableBCboundDdoubtless56.We have done things we ought not to have done and ________ undone things we ought to have done.[1分]-----正确答案(C)Aleavingwill leaveBCleftDleave57.The ratio of the work done by the machine ________ the work done on it is called the efficiency of the machine.[1分]-----正确答案(C)AagainstBwithtoCDfor58.________ the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time.[1分]-----正确答案(D)AIn case ofBIn spite of。

1990年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷及参考答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A1. A) Read four chapters.B) Write an article.C) Speak before the class.D) Preview two chapters.2. A) The woman is being interviewed by a reporter.B) The woman is asking for a promotion.C) The woman is applying for a job.D) The woman is being given an examination.3. A) His car was hit by another car.B) He was hurt while playing volleyball.C) He fell down the stairs.D) While crossing the street, he was hit by a car.4. A) Took a photo of him.B) Bought him a picture.C) Held a birthday party.D) Bought him a frame for his picture.5. A) No medicine could solve the woman’s problem.B) The woman should eat less to lose some weight.C) Nothing could help the woman if she ate too little.D) The woman should choose the right foods.6. A) He meant she should make a phone call if anything went wrong.B) He meant for her just to wait till help came.C) He was afraid something would go wrong with her car.D) He promised to give her himself.7. A) No, he missed it.B) No, he didn’t.C) Yes, he did.D) Yes, he probably did.8. A) He has edited three books.B) He has bought the wrong book.C) He has lost half of his money.D) He has found the book that will be used.9. A) At 7:30B) At 8:30C) At 9:00D) At 9:3010. A) Six.B) Seven.C) Eight.D) Nine.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) They often take place in her major industries.B) British trade unions are more powerful.C) There are more trade union members in Britain.D) Britain loses more working days through strikes every year.12. A) Such strikes are against the British law.B) Such strikes are unpredictable.C) Such strikes involve workers from different trades.D) Such strikes occur frequently these days.13. A) Trade unions in Britain are becoming more popular.B) Most strikes in Britain are against the British law.C) Unofficial strikes in Britain are easier to deal with now.D) Employer-worker relations in Britain have become tenser.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) The victory over one’s fellow runners.B) The victory over former winners.C) The victory of will-power over fatigue.D) The victory of one’s physical strength.15. A) The runner who runs to keep fit.B) The runner who breaks the record.C) The runner who does not break the rules.D) The runner who covers the whole distance.16. A) He won the first prize.B) He fell behind the other runners.C) He died because of fatigue.D) He gave up because he was tired.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) 17,000.B) 1,700.C) 24.D) 9,000.18. A) It’s located in a college town.B) It’s composed of a group of old buildings.C) Its classrooms are beautifully designed.D) Its library is often crowed with students.19. A) Teachers are well paid at Deep Springs.B) Students are mainly from New York State.C) The length of schooling is two years.D) Teachers needn’t pay for their rent and meals.20. A) Take a walk in the desert.B) Go to a cinema.C) Watch TV programmes.D) Attend a party.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Questions 21 to 24 are based on the following passage.Automation refers to the introduction of electronic control and automatic operation of productive machinery. It reduces the human factors, mental and physical, in production, and is designed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in American industry has been called the “Second Industrial Revolution”.Labour’s concern over automation arises from uncertainty about the effects on employment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the main, labour has taken the view that resistance to technical change is unfruitful. Eventually, the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, maintaining, and repairing automation equipment. The interest of labour lies in bringing about the transition with a minimum of inconvenience and distress to the workers involved. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards.To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is the promotion of supplementary unemployment benefit plans. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in such a plan has a direct financial interest in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong drive for planning new installations so as to cause the least possible problems in jobs and job assignment. Some unions are working for dismissal pay agreements, requiring that permanently dismissed workers be paid a sum of money based on length of service. Another approach is the idea of the “improvement factor”, which calls for wage increases based on increases in productivity. It is possible, however, that labour will rely mainly on reduction in working time.21. Though labour worries about the effect of automation, it does not doubt that________.A) automation will eventually prevent unemploymentB) automation will help workers acquire new skillsC) automation will eventually benefit the workers no less that the employersD) automation is a trend which cannot be stopped22. The idea of the “improvement factor” (Line 6, Para. 3) probably implies that________.A) wages should be paid on the basis of length of serviceB) the benefit of increased production and lower costs should be shared by workersC) supplementary unemployment benefit plans should be promotedD) the transition to automation should be brought about with the minimum ofinconvenience and distress to workers23. In order to get the full benefits of automation, labour will depend mostly on________.A) additional payment to the permanently dismissed workersB) the increase of wages in proportion to the increase in productivityC) shorter working hours and more leisure timeD) a strong drive for planning new installations24. Which of the following can best sum up the passage?A) Advantages and disadvantages of automation.B) Labour and the effects of automation.C) Unemployment benefit plans and automation.D) Social benefits of automation.Questions 25 to 30 are based on the following passage.The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more mo ney, become “better” people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don’t go.But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending, those who don’t fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with each other’s experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school. Others find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out-often encouraged by college administrators.Some observers say the fault! Is with the young people themselves-they are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But that’s a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesn’t explain all campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. We’ve been told that young people have to go to college because our economy can’t absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.Some adventuresome educators and campus watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesn’t make people intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick-learning people are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have beensuccessful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy (异端邪说) to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.25. According to the passage, the author believes that ________.A) people used to question the value of college educationB) people used to have full confidence in higher educationC) all high school graduates went to collegeD) very few high school graduates chose to go to college26. In the 2nd paragraph, “those who don’t fit the pattern” refers to ________.A) high school graduates who aren’t suitable for college educationB) college graduates who are selling shoes and driving taxisC) college students who aren’t any better for their higher educationD) high school graduates who failed to be admitted to college27. The drop-out rate of college students seems to go up because ________.A) young people are disappointed with the conventional way of teaching at collegeB) many young people are required to join the armyC) young people have little motivation in pursuing a higher educationD) young people don’t like the intense competition for admission to graduateschool28. According to the passage the problems of college education partly arise from thefact that ________.A) society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduatesB) high school graduates do not fit the pattern of college educationC) too many students have to earn their own livingD) college administrators encourage students to drop out29. In this passage the author argues that ________.A) more and more evidence shows college education may not be the best thing forhigh school graduatesB) college education is not enough if one wants to be successfulC) college education benefits only the intelligent, ambitious, and quick-learningpeopleD) intelligent people may learn quicker if they don’t go to college30. The “surveys and statistics” mentioned in the last paragraph might have shown that________.A) college-educated people are more successful than non-college-educated peopleB) college education was not the first choice of intelligent peopleC) the less schooling a person has the better it is for himD) most people have sweet memories of college lifeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Ours has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employed, i.e., worked for somebody else. Today only one out of five is not employed but working for himself. And when fifty years ago “being employed” meant working as a factory labourer or as a farmhand, the employee of today is increasingly a middle-class person with a substantial formal education, holding a professional or management job requiring intellectual and technical skills. Indeed, two things have characterized American society during these fifty years: middle-class and upper-class employees have been the fastest-growing groups in our working population-growing so fast that the industrial worker, that oldest child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance despite the expansion of industrial production.Yet you will find little if anything written on what it is to be an employee. You can find a great deal of very dubious advice on how to get a job or how to get a promotion. You can also find a good deal of work in a chosen field, whether it be the mechanist’s trade or bookkeeping (簿记). Every one of these trades requires different skills, sets different standards, and requires a different preparation. Yet they all have employeeship in common. And increasingly, especially in the large business or in government, employeeship is more important to success than the special professional knowledge or skill. Certainly more people fail because they do not know the requirements of being an employee than because they do not adequately possess the skills of their trade; the higher you climb the ladder, the more you get into administrative or executive work, the greater the emphasis on ability to work within the organization rather than on technical abilities or professional knowledge.31. It is implied that fifty years ago ________.A) eighty per cent of American working people were employed in factoriesB) twenty per cent of American intellectuals were employeesC) the percentage of intellectuals in the total work force was almost the same as thatof industrial workersD) the percentage of intellectuals working as employees was not so large as that ofindustrial workers32. According to the passage, with the development of modern industry, ________.A) factory labourers will overtake intellectual employees in numberB) there are as many middle-class employees as factory labourersC) employers have attached great importance to factory labourersD) the proportion of factory labourers in the total employee population hasdecreased33. The word “dubious” (L. 2, Para. 2) most probably means ________.A) valuableB) usefulC) doubtfulD) helpful34. According to the writer, professional knowledge or skill is ________.A) less importance than awareness of being a good employeeB) as important as the ability to deal with public relationsC) more important than employer-employee relationsD) more important as the ability to co-operate with others in the organization35. From the passage it can be seen that employeeship helps one ________.A) to be more successful in his careerB) to be more specialized in his fieldC) to solve technical problemsD) to develop his professional skillQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.We all know that the normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours’sleep alternation with some 16-17 hours’wakefulness and that, broadly speaking, the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this cycle can be modified.The question is no mere academic one. The ease, for example, with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is a question of growing importance in industry where automation calls for round-the-clock working of machines. It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a.m. one week, 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. the next, and 4 p.m. to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to a number of permanent night workers. An interesting study of the domestic life and health of night-shift workers was carried out by Brown in 1957. She found a high incidence (发生率) of disturbed sleep and other disorders among those on alternating day and night shifts, butno abnormal occurrence of these phenomena among those on permanent night work.This latter system then appears to be the best long-term policy, but meanwhile something may be done to relieve the strains of alternate day and night work by selecting those people who can adapt most quickly to the changes of routine. One way of knowing when a person has adapted is by measuring his body temperature. People engaged in normal daytime work will have a high temperature during the hours of wakefulness and a low one at night; when they change to night work the pattern will only gradually go back to match the new routine and the speed with which it does so parallels, broadly speaking, the adaptation of the body as a whole, particularly in terms of performance. Therefore, by taking body temperature at intervals of two hours throughout the period of wakefulness it can be seen how quickly a person can adapt to a reversed routine, and this could be used as a basis for selection. So far, however, such a form of selection does not seem to have been applied in practice.36. Why is the question of “how easily people can get used to working at night” not amere academic question?A) Because few people like to reverse the cycle of sleep and wakefulness.B) Because sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness.C) Because people are required to work at night in some fields of industry.D) Because shift work in industry requires people to change their sleeping habits.37. The main problem of the round-the-clock working system lies in ________.A) the inconveniences brought about to the workers by the introduction ofautomationB) the disturbance of the daily life cycle of workers who have to change shifts toofrequentlyC) the fact that people working at night are often less effectiveD) the fact that it is difficult to find a number of good night workers38. The best solution for implementing the 24-hour working system seems to be________.A) to change shifts at longer intervalsB) to have longer shiftsC) to arrange for some people to work on night shifts onlyD) to create better living conditions for night workers39. It is possible to find out if a person has adapted to the changes of routine bymeasuring his body temperature because ________.A) body temperature changes when the cycle of sleep and wakefulness alternatesB) body temperature changes when he changes to night shift or backC) the temperature reverses when the routine is changedD) people have higher temperatures when they are working efficiently40. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A) Body temperature may serve as an indication of a worker’s performance.B) The selection of a number of permanent night shift workers has proved to be thebest solution to problems of the round-the-clock working system.C) Taking body temperature at regular intervals can show how a person adapts tothe changes of routine.D) Disturbed sleep occurs less frequently among those on permanent night or dayshifts.Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. You should have put the milk in the ice box; I expect it ________ undrinkable bynow.A) becameB) had becomeC) has becomeD) becomes42. Codes are a way of writing something in secret; ________, anyone who doesn’tknow the code will not be able to read it.A) that isB) worse stillC) in shortD) on the other hand43. His long service with the company was ________ with a present.A) admittedB) acknowledgedC) attributedD) accepted44. The atmosphere is as much a part of the earth as ________ its soils and the water ofits lakes, rivers and oceans.A) areB) isC) doD) has45. Our house is about a mile from the station and there are not many houses ________.A) in betweenB) among themC) far apartD) from each other46. The drowning child was saved by Dick’s ________ action.A) acuteB) alertC) profoundD) prompt47. Children and old people do not like having their daily ________ upset.A) habitB) practiceC) routineD) custom48. The criminal always paid ________ cash so the police could not track him down.A) onB) byC) forD) in49. ________ when she started complaining.A) Not until he arrivedB) Hardly had he arrivedC) No sooner had he arrivedD) Scarcely did he arrive50. By 1990, production in the area is expected to double ________ of 1980.A) thatB) itC) oneD) what51. Professor smith and Professor Brown will ________ in giving the class lectures.A) alterB) changeC) alternateD) differ52. Understanding the cultural habits of another nation, especially ________ containingas many different subcultures as the United States, is a complex task.A) oneB) the oneC) thatD) such53. The manager promised to have my complaint ________.A) looked throughB) looked intoC) looked overD) looked after54. You can’t be ________ careful in making the decision as it was such a critical case.A) veryB) quiteC) tooD) so55. Children are ________ to have some accidents as they grow up.A) obviousB) indispensableC) boundD) doubtless56. We have done things we ought not to have done and ________ undone things weought to have done.A) leavingB) will leaveC) leftD) leave57. The ratio of the work done by the machine ________ the work done on it is calledthe efficiency of the machine.A) againstB) withC) toD) for58. ________ the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time.A) In case ofB) In spite ofC) Because ofD) But for59. In your first days at the school you’ll be given a test to help the teachers to________ you to a class at your level.A) locateB) assignC) deliverD) place60. The story that follows ________ two famous characters of the rocky Mountain goldrush days.A) concernsB) statesC) proclaimsD) relates61. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it ________before the West was settled.A) couldB) wasC) wouldD) did62. People who refuse to ________ with the law will be punished.A) obeyB) consentC) conceal63. I ________ to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards.A) ought to have writtenB) must have writtenC) couldn’t have writtenD) needn’t have written64. These excursions will give you an even deeper ________ into our language andculture.A) inquiryB) investigationC) inputD) insight65. There is no electricity again. Has the ________ blown then?A) fuseB) wireC) plugD) circuit66. No longer are contributions to computer technology confined to any one country;________ is this more true than in Europe.A) hardlyB) littleC) seldomD) nowhere67. The mother didn’t know who ________ for the broken glass.A) will blameB) to blameC) blamedD) blames68. Every society has its own peculiar customs and ________ of acting.A) waysB) attitudesC) behavior69. If a person talks about his weak points, his listener is expected to say something inthe way of ________.A) assuranceB) persuasionC) encouragementD) confirmation70. China started its nuclear power industry only in recent years, and should ________no time in catching up.A) delayB) loseC) lagD) lessenPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word,add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the correctionsin the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write thecorrect word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put aninsertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in theblank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank. Example:╱. 1. time/times/period Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods╱ used for the study of literature as 2. _______\_______ Many of the arguments havinga school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. 3. ______the______Changes in the way people live bring about changes in the jobs that they do. More and more people live in towns and cities instead on farms (71) and in villages. Cities and states have to provide services city people want, such like more police protection, more hospitals, and more (72) schools. This means that more policemen, more nurses and technicians, and more teachers must be hired. Advances in technology has also (73) changed people’s lives. Dishwashers and washing machines do jobs that were once done by the hand. The widespread use of such electrical appliances (74) means that there is a need for servicemen to keep it running properly (75)People are earning higher wages and salaries. This leads changes in (76) the way of life. As income goes down, people may not want more food to (77) eat or more clothes to wear. But they may want more and better care from doctors, dentists and hospitals. They are likely to travel more and to want more education. Nevertheless, many more jobs are available in (78) these services.The government also affects the kind of works people do. The governments (79) of most countries spend huge sums of money for international (80) defense. They hire thousands of engineers, scientists, clerks, typists and secretaries to work on the many different aspects of defence.Part V Writing (30 minutes)OUTLINE:问题：城市交通拥挤解决方案：(solution):1. 建造(lay down)更多道路优点：(1) 降低街道拥挤程度(2) 加速车流(flow of traffic)缺点：占地过多2. 开辟(open up)更多公共汽车线路优点：减少自行车与小汽车缺点：对部分人可能造成不方便结论：两者结合How to Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic1990年1月六级参考答案Part IPart IIPart IIIPart IV71. (instead) → (instead) of72. like → as to73. has → have74. the (hand) → /(hand)75. it → them76. (leads) → (leads) to 或 leads → causes77. down → up78. Nevertheless → Therefore/So79. works → work/job/jobs80. international → national。

大学英语六级历年真题篇一：英语六级6历年真题大全37套(附答案)目录历年来英语六级真题使用说明壹1990年1月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷1(20)112(35)4(20)10(15)15(30)161990年1月六级参考答案171990年1月六级听力原文191990年6月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷23(20)232324(35)26(20)32(15)37(30)381990年6月六级参考答案391991年1月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷40(20)404041(35)42(20)48(15)53(30)541991年1月六级参考答案551991年6月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷56(20)565657(35)59(20)65(15)70(30)70目录1991年6月六级参考答案721991年6月六级听力原文741992年1月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷78(20)787879(35)81(20)86(15)91(30)921992年1月六级参考答案931992年6月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷94(20)949495(35)97(20)103(15)108(30)1081992年6月六级参考答案1101993年1月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷111(20)111(35)114(20)119(15)125(30)1251993年1月六级参考答案1271993年1月六级听力原文1281993年6月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷132(20)132132133(35)135(20)140(15)146(30)1461993年6月六级参考答案147目录1993年6月六级听力原文1491994年1月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷153(20)153153154(35)156(35)162(15)167(30)1681994年1月六级参考答案1691994年1月六级听力原文1701995年1月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷174(20)174(35)177(20)183(15)188(30)1891995年1月六级参考答案1901995年1月六级听力原文1921995年6月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷196(20)196(35)199(20)205(15)210(30)2111995年6月六级参考答案2121995年6月六级听力原文2141996年1月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷218(20)218218219(35)221(20)228(15)233(30)234目录1996年1月六级参考答案2351996年1月六级听力原文2371996年6月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷240(20)240240241(35)243(20)249(15)255(30)2551996年6月六级参考答案2571996年6月六级听力原文2591997年1月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷262(20)262(35)265(20)271(15)277(30)2781997年1月六级参考答案2791997年1月六级听力原文2801997年6月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷284(20)284(35)287293(15)299(30)3001997年6月六级参考答案3011997年6月六级听力原文3021998年1月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷305(20)305305306(35)308(20)314(15)320目录(30)3211998年1月六级参考答案3221998年1月六级听力原文3241998年6月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷328(20)328328329(35)331(20)338(15)343(30)3441998年6月六级参考答案3451998年6月六级听力原文3461999年1月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷350(20)350(35)353(20)360(15)365(30)3661999年1月六级参考答案3671999年1月六级听力原文3681999年6月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷372(20)372373(35)374(20)381(15)386(30)3891999年6月六级参考答案3911999年6月六级听力原文3932000年1月大学英语六级(-6)真题试卷395(20)395395396(35)398(20)404篇二：2019年12月英语六级(6)真题及答案(完整版))2019年12月6大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析【官方完整版】写作(30),30150200【参考范文】,,21,,,’,,-,,,,,,,【参考译文】众所周知创新意味着有创造力，独一无二和不同。

1999年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four suggested answers marked A)，B)，C), and D) and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Example: You with near:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D)“5 hours” is the correctanswer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1.A) She’s going away for a while.B) She did well on the test.C) She worked hard and earned a lot of money.D) She’s didn’t have to work hard for the exam.（B）2.A) Susan is fast worker.B) Susan did Jack’s homework.C) Susan didn’t do the homework on her own.D) Susan has not finished her homework.（C）3.A) He read the cabinet report.B) He read the newspaper.C) He listened to a radio report.D) He’s secretary telephoned him.（B）4.A) Hurry to the conference.B) Skip the conference.C) Take the subway.D) Take a bus.（D）5.A) He is confident.B) He is worried.C) He is bored.D) He is angry.（A）6.A) He used to be a workman himself.B) He likes to do repairs and make things himself.C) He is professional builder.D) He paid workmen to decorate the house.（B）7.A) The woman doesn’t like jam.B) The woman forgot where she had left the jar.C) The man had an accident.D) The man broke the jar.（D）8.A) Opinions about the book are varied.B) The man thinks the book is excellent.C) You shouldn’t believe everything you read.D) The woman wonders which newspaper the man is reading.（A）9.A) It’s quite normal.B) It’s too high.C) It’s cheap indeed.D) It could be cheaper.（C）10.A) The admission of a patient.B) Diagnosis of an illness.C) The old man’s serious condition.D) Sending for a doctor.（C）Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage oneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11.A) The color of the dog.B) The price of the dog.C) Whether the dog will fit the environment.D) Whether the dog will get along with the other pets in the house.（C）12.A) It must be trained so it won’t bite.B) It needs more love and care.C) It demands more food and space.D) It must be looked after carefully.（B）13.A) They are less likely to run away.B) It’s easier for their masters to train them.C) They are less likely to be shy with human beings.D) It’s easier for them to form a relationship with their masters.（D）Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14.A) They often go for walks at a leisurely pace.B) They usually have a specific purpose in mind.C) They like the seaside more than the countryside.D) They seldom plan their leisure activities in advance.（B）15.A) Their hardworking spirit.B) Their patience in waiting for theatre tickets.C) Their delight in leisure activities.D) Their enthusiasm and for the arts.（D）16.A) The Polish people can now spend their leisure time in various ways.B) The Polish people are fond of walking leisurely in the countryside.C) The Polish people enjoy picking wild fruit in their leisure time.D) The Polish people like to spend their holidays abroad.（A）Passage ThereQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17.A) They will be much bigger.B) They will have more seats.C) They will have three wheels.D) They will need intelligent drivers.（C）18.A) It doesn’t need to be refueled.B) It will use solar energy as fuel.C) It will be driven by electrical power.D) It will be more suitable for long distance travel.（C）19.A) Passengers in the car may be seated facing on another.B) The front seats will face forward and the back seats backward.C) Special seats will be designed for children.D) More seats will be added.（A）20.A) Choose the right route.B) Refuel the car regularly.C) Start the engine.D) Tell the computer where to go.（D）Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions:There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them the re are four choices marked A)，B), C), and D). You should deicide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Many Americans harbour a grossly distorted and exaggerated view of most of the risks surrounding food. Fergus Clydesdale, headof the department of food science and nutrition at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst, says bluntly that if the dangers from bacterially contaminated chicken were as great as some people believe, “the streets would be littered with people lying here and there.”Though the public increasingly demands no-risk food, there is no such thing. Bruce Ames, chairman of the biochemistry department at the University of California, Berkeley, points out that up to 10% of a plant’s weight is made up of natural pesticides (杀虫剂). Says he: “Since plants do not have jaws or teeth to protect themselves, they employ chemical warfare.” And many naturally produced chemicals, though occurring in tiny amounts, prove in laboratory tests to be strong carcinogens-a substance which can cause cancer. Mushrooms (磨菇) might be banned if they were judged by the same standards that apply to food additives (添加剂). Declares Christina Stark, a nutritionist at Cornell University: “We’ve got fat worse natural chemicals in the food supply than anything man-made.”Yet the issues are not that simple. While Americans have no reason to be terrified to sit down at the dinner table, they have every reason to demand significant improvements in food and water safety. They unconsciously and unwillingly take in too much of too many dangerous chemicals. If food already contains natural carcinogens,it does not make much sense to add dozens of new man-made ones. Though most people will withstand the small amounts of contaminants generally found in food and water, at least a few individuals will probably get cancer one day be cause of what they eat and drink.To make good food and water supplies even better, the Government needs to tighten its regulatory standards, stiffen its inspection program and strengthen its enforcement policies. The food industry should modify some long-accepted practices or turn to less hazardous alternatives. Perhaps most important, consumers will have to do a better job of learning how to handle and cook food properly. The problems that need to be tackled exist all along the food-supply chain, from fields to processing plants to kitchens.21.W hat does the author think of the Americans’ view of their food?A) They overstate the government’s interference with the food industry.B) They are overoptimistic about the safety of their food.C) They overestimate the hazards of their food.D) They overlook the risks of the food they eat.（C）22.T he author considers it impossible to obtain no-risk food because ________.A) no food is free from pollution in the environmentB) pesticides are widely used in agricultureC) many vegetables contain dangerous natural chemicalsD) almost all foods have additives（C）23.B y saying “they employ chemical warfare” (Line 4, Para. 2), Bruce Ames means “________”.A) plants produce certain chemicals to combat pests and diseasesB) plants absorb useful chemicals to promote their growthC) farmers use man-made chemicals to dissolve the natural chemicals in plantsD) farmers use chemicals to protect plants against pests and diseases（A）24.T he reduction of the possible hazards in food ultimately depends on ________.A) the governmentB) the consumerC) the processorD) the grower（B）25.What is the message the author wants to convey in the passage?A) Eating and drinking have become more hazardous than before.B) Immediate measures must be taken to improve food production and processing.C) Health food is not a dream in modern society.D) There is reason for caution but no cause for alarm with regard to food consumption.（D）Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.There are some each phenomena you can count on, but the magnetic field, someday is not of them. It fluctuates in strength, drifts from its axis, and every few 100,000 years undergo, dramatic polarity reversal-a period when North Pole becomes South Pole and South Pole becomes North Pole. But how is the field generated, and why is it so unstable?Groundbreaking research by two French geophysicists promises to shed some light on the mystery. Using 80 metres of deep sea sediment (沉淀物) core, they have obtained measurements lots of magnetic-field intensity that span 11 polarity reversals and four million years. The analysis reveals that intensity appears to fluctuate with a clear, well-defined rhythm. Although the strength of the magnetic field varies irregularly during the short term, there seems to be an inevitable long-term decline preceding each polarity reversal. When the poles flip—a process that takes several hundred thousand years-the magnetic field rapidly regains its strength and the cycle is repeated.The results have caused a stir among geophysicists. Themagnetic field is thought to originate from molten (熔化的) iron in the outer core, 3,000 kilometers beneath the earth’s surface. By studying mineral grains found in material ranging from rocks to clay articles, previous researchers have already been able to identify reversals dating back 170 million years, including the most recent switch 730,000 years ago. How and why they occur, however, has been widely debated. Several theories link polarity flips to external disasters such as meteor (陨星) impacts. But Peter Olson, a geophysicist at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, says this is unlikely if the French researchers are right. In fact, Olson says intensity that predictably declines from one reversal to the next contradicts 90 percent of the models currently under study. If the results prove to be valid geophysicists will have a new theory to guide them in their quest to understand the earth’s inner physics. It certainly points the direction for future research.26.W hich of the following titles is most appropriate to the passage?A) Polarity Reversal: A Fantastic Phenomenon of Nature.B) Measurement of the Earth’s Magnetic-Field Intensity.C) Formation of the Two Poles of the Earth.D) A New Approach to the Study or Geophysics.（D）27.T he word “flip” (Line 6, Para. 2) most probably means“________”.A) declineB) intensifyC) fluctuateD) reverse（D）28.W hat have the two French geophysicists discovered in their research?A) Some regularity in the changes of the earth’s magnetic field.B) Some causes of the fluctuation of the earth’s magnetic field.C) The origin of the earth’s magnetic field.D) The frequency of polarity reversals.（A）29.T he French geophysicists’ study is different from currently prevailing theories in ________.A) its identification of the origin of the earth’s magnetic fieldB) the way the earth’s magnetic intensity is measuredC) its explanation of the shift in the earth’s polarityD) the way the earth’s fluctuation rhythm is defined（C）30.I n Peter Oslo’s opinion the French experiment ________.A) is likely to direct further research in the inner physics of the earthB) has successfully solved the mystery of polarity reversalsC) is certain to help predict external disastersD) has caused great confusion among the world’s geophysicists （A）Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Imagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotion-a world in which human beings could feel no love or happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation. People might not be able to stay alive: knowing neither joy nor pleasure, anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn: they could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soon disappear: people would be as likely to harm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist: in a world without friends or enemies, there could be no marriage, affection among companions, or bonds among members of groups. Society’s economic underpinnings (支柱) would be destroyed: since earning $10 million would be no more pleasant than earning $10, there would be no incentive to work. In fact, there would be no incentives of any kind. For as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them.In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instrumentof our survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in important ways. As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis of our emotions. True we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an object’s physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to us—hurt us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We al so use categorizations colored by emotions in our families, communities, and overall society. Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are good and others are bad, and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life—from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept. In fact, society exploits our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty morality, pride shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain itself It gives high rewards to individuals who perform important tasks such as surgery, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such as flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal penal (刑法的) system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial acts.31.T he reason why people might not be able to stay alive in a world without emotion is that ________.A) they would not be able to tell the texture of objectsB) they would not know what was beneficial and what was harmful to themC) they would not be happy with a life without loveD) they would do things that hurt each other’s feelings（B）32.A ccording to the passage, people’s learning activities are possible because they ________.A) believe that emotions are fundamental for them to stay aliveB) benefit from providing help and support to one anotherC) enjoy being rewarded for doing the right thingD) know what is vital to the progress of society（C）33.I t can be inferred from the passage that the economic foundation of society is dependent on ________.A) the ability to make moneyB) the will to work for pleasureC) the capacity to enjoy incentivesD) the categorizations of our emotional experiences（C）34.E motions are significant for man’s survival and adaptation because ________.A) they provide the means by which people view the size or shape of objectsB) they are the basis for the social feeling of agreement by which society is maintainedC) they encourage people to perform dangerous achievementsD) they generate more love than hate among people（B）35.T he emotional aspects of an object are more important than its physical aspects in that they ________.A) help society exploit its members for profitB) encourage us to perform important tasksC) help to perfect the legal and penal systemD) help us adapt our behavior to the world surrounding us（D）Questions 36 to 40 based on the following passage:The Carnegie Foundation report says that many colleges have tried to be “all things to all people”. In doing so, they have increasingly catered to a narrow minded careerism while failing to cultivate a global vision among their students. The current crisis, it contends, does not derive from a legitimate desire to put learning to productive ends. The problem is that in too many academic fields, the work has no context; skills, rather than being means, have become ends. Students are offered a variety of options and allowed to pick their way to a degree. In short, driven by careerism, “the nation’s colleges and universities are more successful in providing credentials (文凭) than in providing a quality education for their students. “The report concludes that the special challenge confronting the undergraduate college is one of shaping anintegrated core of common learning. Such a core would introduce students to essential knowledge, to connections across the disciplines, and in the end, to application of knowledge to life beyond the campus. “Although the key to a good college is a high-quality faculty, the Carnegie study found that most colleges do very little to encourage good teaching. In fact, they do much to undermine it. As one professor observed: “Teaching is important, we are told, and yet faculty know that research and publication matter most.” Not surprisingly, over the last twenty years colleges and universities have failed to graduate half of their four-year degree candidates. Faculty members who dedicated themselves to teaching soon discover that they will not be granted tenure (终身任期), promotion, or substantial salary increases. Yet 70 percent of all faculties say their interests lie more in teaching than in research. Additionally, a frequent complaint among young scholars is that “There is pressure to publish, although there is virtually no interest among administrators or colleagues in the content of the publications.”36.W hen a college tries to be “all things to al people” (Lines 1-2, Para. 1) it aims to ________.A) satisfy the needs of all kinds of students simultaneouslyB) focus on training students in various skillsC) encourage students to take as many courses as possibleD) make learning serve academic rather than productive ends（C）37.B y saying that “in too many academic fields, the work has no context” (Lines 4-5, Pare. 1) the author means that the teaching in these areas ________.A) ignores the actual situationB) is not based on the right perspectiveC) only focuses on an integrated core of common learningD) gives priority to the cultivation of a global vision among students（B）38.O ne of the reasons for the current crisis in American colleges and universities is that ________.A) a narrow vocationalism has come to dominate many collegesB) students don’t have enough freedom in choosing what they want to learnC) skills are being taught as a means to an endD) students are only interested in obtaining credentials（A）39.A merican colleges and universities failed to graduate half of their four-year degree candidates because ________.A) most of them lack high-quality facultiesB) the interests of most faculty members lie in researchC) there are not enough incentives for students to study hardD) they attach greater importance to research and publication than to teaching（D）40.I t can be inferred from the passage that high-quality college education calls for ________.A) putting academic work in the proper contextB) a commitment to students and effective teachingC) the practice of putting leaning to productive endsD) dedication to research in frontier areas of knowledge（B）Part III V ocabulary (20 minutes)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A)，B), C), and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.41.T he Space Age ________ in October 1957 when the first artificial satellite was launched by the Soviet Union.A) initiatedB) originatedC) embarkedD) commenced（D）42.J ohn said that he didn’t quite ________ and asked me to repeat what I had said.A) snatch upB) summon upC) catch onD) watch out（C）43.W hen he tried to make a ________, he found that the hotel that he wanted was completely filled because of a convention.A) complaintB) claimC) reservationD) decision（C）44.A budget of five dollars a day is totally ________ for a trip round Europe.A) inadequateB) incapableC) incompatibleD) invalid（A）45.I n our highly technological society, the number of jobs for unskilled worker is ________.A) shrinkingB) obscuringC) alteringD) constraining（A）46.T he fire has caused great losses, but the factory tried to ________ the consequences by saying that the damage was not as serious as reported.A) decreaseB) subtractC) minimizeD) degrade（C）47.I f the world is to remain peaceful the utmost effort must be made by nations to limit local ________.A) collisionsB) combatsC) contradictionsD) conflicts（D）48.S atellite communications are so up-to-date that even when ________ in the middle of the Pacific, businessmen can contact their offices as if they were next door.A) glidingB) cruisingC) pilotingD) patrolling（B）49.I n the past ten years skyscrapers have developed ________ in Chicago and New York City.A) homogeneouslyB) simultaneouslyC) spontaneouslyD) harmoniously（B）50.T he court considers a financial ________ to be an appropriate way of punishing him.A) optionB) dutyC) obligationD) penalty（D）51.I think that I committed a ________ in asking her because she seemed very ups et by my question.A) blunderB) revengeC) reproachD) scandal（A）52.E ven when textbooks are ________ through a school system, methods of teaching may vary greatly.A) commonplaceB) standardizedC) competitiveD) generalized（B）53.T hey have always regarded a man of ________ and fairness as a reliable friend.A) robustnessB) temperamentC) integrityD) compactness（C）54.A ll individuals are required to ________ to the laws made by their governments.A) obeyB) conformC) concedeD) observe（B）55.T he basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions that may lead to cancer have been ________.A) identifiedB) guaranteedC) notifiedD) conveyed（A）56.I t is very strange but I had an ________ that the plane would crash.A) inspirationB) intuitionC) imaginationD) incentive（B）57.T he changing image of the family on television provides ________ into changing attitudes toward the family in society.A) insightsB) presentationsC) revelationsD) specifications（A）58.T he town planning commission said that their financial outlook for the next year was optimistic. They expect increased tax ________.A) efficiencyB) revenuesC) privilegesD) validity（B）59.B ill is an example of a severely disabled person who has become ________ at many survival skills.A) proficientB) persistentC) consistentD) sufficient（A）60.T he ties that bind us together in common activity are so________ that they can disappear at any moment.A) trivialB) fatalC) tentativeD) feeble（D）61.D uring the construction of skyscrapers, cranes are used to ________ building materials to the upper floors.A) tossB) towC) hoistD) hurl（C）62.D iamonds have little ________ value and their price depends almost entirely on their scarcity.A) extinctB) permanentC) surplusD) intrinsic（D）63.T he kitchen was small and ________ so that the disabled could reach everything without difficulty.A) conventionalB) compactC) compatibleD) concise（B）64.H e will ________ resign in view of the complete failure of the research project.A) doubtfullyB) adequatelyC) presumablyD) reasonably（C）65.T he goal is to make higher education available to everyone who is willing and capable ________ his financial situation.A) with respect toB) in accord withC) regardless ofD) in terms of（C）66.T he original elections were declared ________ by the former military ruler.A) voidB) vulgarC) surplusD) extravagant（A）67.T hey stood gazing at the happy ________ of children playing in the park.A) perspectiveB) viewC) landscapeD) scene（D）68.A n obvious change of attitude at the top towards women’s status in society will ________ through the current law system in Japan.A) permeateB) probeC) violateD) grope（A）69.W hen he realized he had been ________ to sign the contract by intrigue, he threatened to start legal proceedings to cancel the agreement.A) elicitedB) excitedC) deducedD) induced（D）70.T hese areas rely on agriculture almost ________, having few mineral resources and a minimum of industrial development.A) respectivelyB) extraordinarilyC) incrediblyD) exclusively（D）Part IV Short Answer Questions (15 minutes)Directions:In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the fewest possible words (not exceeding 10 words).Many parents who welcome the idea of turning off the TV and spending more time with the family are still worried that without TV they would constantly be on call as entertainers for their children. They remember thinking up all sorts of things to do when they were kids. But their own kids seem different, less resourceful, somehow. When there’s nothing to do, these parents observe regretfully, their kids seem unable to come up with any thing to do besides turning on the TV.One father, for example, says. “When I was a kid, we were always thinking up things to do, projects and games. We certainly never complained in an annoying way to our parents, ‘I have nothing to do!’ He compares this with his own children today: “They’re simply lazy. If someone doesn’t entertain them, they’ll happily sit there watching TV all day. “There is one word for this father’s disappointment: unfair. It is as if he were disappointed in them for not reading Greek though theyhave never studied the language. He deplores (哀叹) his children’s lack of inventiveness, as if the ability to play were something innate (天生的) that his children are missing. In fact, while the tendency to play is built into the human species, the actual ability to play-to imagine, to invent, to elaborate on reality in a playful way-and the ability to gain fulfillment from it, these are skills that have to learned and developed.Such disappointment, however, is not only unjust, it is also destructive. Sensing their parents’ disappointment, children come to believe that they are, indeed, lacking something, and that this makes them less worthy of admiration and respect. Giving children the opportunity to develop new resources, to enlarge their horizons and discover the pleasures of doing things on their own is, on the other hand, a way to help children develop a confident feeling about themselves as capable and interesting people.Questions: (注意: 答题尽量简短，超过10个词要扣分，每条横线限定一个英语单词，标点符号不占格。

1998年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will bespoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must readthe four suggested answers marked A)，B)，C), and D) and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Example:You will hear:You will read: A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D)“5 hours”is the correct answer. Y ou should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) Swimming.B) Playing tennis.C) Boating.D) Playing table tennis.2. A) She is going to Finland.B) She has visitors next week.C) She has guests at her home.D) She has just visited him this week.3. A) Get some coins at the cafe.B) Buy her a cup of coffee at the cafe.C) Get some coffee from the machine.D) Try to fix the machine.4. A) They spent three hundred dollars on their vacation.B) They drew money than they should have from the bank.C) They lost their bankbook.D) They had only three hundred dollars in the bank.5. A) To find out her position in the company.B) To apply for a job.C) To offer her a position in the company.D) To make an appointment with the sales manager.6. A) He is surprised.B) He feels very happy.C) He is indifferent.D) He feels very angry.7. A) He hasn’t cleaned his room since Linda visited him.B) Linda is the only person who ever comes to see him.C) He’s been too busy to clean his room.D) Cleaning is the last thing he wants to do.8. A) She is a generous woman by nature.B) It doesn’t have a back cover.C) She feels the man’s apology is enough.D) It is no longer of any use to her.9. A) To remind him of the data he should take to the conference.B) To see if he is ready for the coming conference.C) To tell him something about the conference.D) To help him prepare for the conference.10. A) The long wait.B) The broken down computer.C) The mistakes in her telephone bill.D) The bad telephone service.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you heara question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) About 45 million.B) About 50 million.C) About 5.4 million.D) About 4.5 million.12. A) The actors and actresses are not paid for their performance.B) The actors and actresses only perform in their own communities.C) They exist only in small communities.D) They only put on shows that are educational.13. A) It provides them with the opportunity to watch performances for free.B) It provides them with the opportunity to make friends.C) It gives them the chance to do something creative.D) It gives them a chance to enjoy modern art.Passage T woQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They are usually more clever.B) They get tired easily.C) They are more likely to make minor mental errors.D) They are more skillful in handling equipment.15. A) It had its limitations.B) Its results were regarded as final.C) It was supported by the government.D) It was not sound theoretically.16. A) Their lack of concentration resulting from mental stress.B) The lack of consideration for them in equipment design.C) The probability of their getting excited easily.D) Their slowness in responding.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) 18 American undergraduates.B) 18 American postgraduates.C) 18 overseas undergraduates.D) 18 overseas postgraduates.18. A) Family relations.B) social problemsC) Family planning.D) Personal matters.19. A) Red.B) Blue.C) Green.D) Purple.20. A) The five questions were not well designed.B) Not all the questionnaires were returned.C) Only a small number of students were surveyed.D) Some of the answers to the questionnaire were not valid.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them the re are four choices marked A)，B)，C), and D).you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheetwith a single line through the centre.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.A few common misconceptions. Beauty is only skin deep. One’s physical assets and liabilities don’t count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best.Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not so beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs, they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted.Un American, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable? Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties (虔诚) while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a group-college students, or teachers or corporate personnel mangers-a piece of paper relating an individual’s accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted.Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good.In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. On another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire (追求) to managerial positions do not get on as well as women who may be less attractive.21. According to the passage, people often wrongly believe that in pursuing a career as a manager________.A) a person’s property or debts do not matter muchB) a person’s outward appearance is not a critical qualificationC) women should always dress fashionablyD) women should not only be attractive but also high minded22. The result of research carried out by social scientists show that ________.A) people do not realize the importance of looking one’s bestB) women in pursuit of managerial jobs are not likely to be paid wellC) good looking women aspire to managerial positionsD) attractive people generally have an advantage over those who are not23. Experiments by scientists have shown that when people evaluate individuals on certain attributes________.A) they observe the principle that beauty is only skin deepB) they do not usually act according to the views they supportC) they give ordinary looking persons the lowest ratingsD) they tend to base their judgment on the individual’s accomplishments24. “Good looks cut both ways for women” (Line 1, Para. 5) means that ________.A) attractive women have tremendous potential impact on public jobsB) good looking women always get the best of everythingC) being attractive is not always an advantage for womenD) attractive women do not do as well as unattractive women in managerial positions25. It can be inferred from the passage that in the business world ________.A) handsome men are not affected as much by their looks as attractive women areB) physically attractive women who are in the public eye usually do quite wellC) physically attractive men and women who are in the public eye usually get along quite wellD) good looks are important for women as they are for menQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:Not content with its doubtful claim to produce cheap food for our own population, the factory farming industry also argues that “hungry nations are benefiting from advances made by the poultry (家禽) industry”. In fact, rather than helping the fight against malnutrition (营养不良) in “hungry nations,” the spread of factory farming has, inevitably aggravated the problem.Large scale intensive meat and poultry production is a waste of food resources.This is because more protein has to be fed to animals in the form of vegetable matter than can ever be recovered in the form of meat. Much of the food value is lost in the animal’s process of digestion and cell replacement. Neither, in the ca se of chicken, can one eat feathers, blood, feet or head. In all, only about 44% of the live animal fits to be eaten as meat.This means one has to feed approximately 9—10 times as much food value to the animal than one can consume from the carcass. As a system for feeding the hungry, the effects can prove disastrous. At times of crisis, grain is the food of life.Nevertheless, the huge increase in poultry production throughout Asia and Africa continues. Normally British or US firms are involved. For instance, an American based multinational company has this year announced its involvement in projects in several African countries. Britain’s largest suppliers chickens, Ross Breeders, are also involved in projects all over the world.Because such trade is good for exports, Western governments encourage it. In 1979, a firm in Bangladesh called Phoenix Poultry received a grant to set up a unit of 6,000 chickens and 18,000 laying hens. This almost doubled the number of poultry kept in the country all at once.But Bangladesh lacks capital, energy and food and has large numbers of unemployed. Such chicken raising demands capital for building and machinery, extensive use of energy resources for automation, and involves feeding chickens with potential famine relief protein food. At present, one of Bangladesh’s main imports is food grains, because the country is unable to grow enough food to feed its population. On what then can they possibly feed the chicken?26. In this passage the author argues that ________.A) efficiency must be raised in the poultry industryB) raising poultry can provide more protein than growing grainC) factory farming will do more harm than good to developing countriesD) hungry nations may benefit from the development of the poultry industry27. According to the author, in factory, vegetable food ________.A) is easy for chickens to digestB) is insufficient for the needs of poultryC) is fully utilised in meat and egg productionD) is inefficiently converted into meat and eggs28. Western governments encourage the poultry industry in Asia because they regard it as an effectiveway to ________.A) boost their own exportsB) alleviate malnutrition in Asian countriesC) create job opportunities in Asian countriesD) promote the exports of Asian countries29. The word “carcass” (Line 2, Para. 3) most probably means “________”.A) vegetables preserved for future useB) the dead body of an animal ready to be cut into meatC) expensive food that consumers can hardly affordD) meat canned for future consumption30. What the last paragraph tells us is the author’s ________.A) detailed analysis of the ways of raising poultry in BangladeshB) great appreciation of the development of poultry industry in BangladeshC) critical view on the development of the poultry industry in BangladeshD) practical suggestion for the improvement of the poultry industry in BangladeshQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.We all have offensive breath at one time or another. In most cases, offensive breath e manates from bacteria in the mouth, although there are other more causes.Until a few years ago, the most doctors could do was to counsel patients with bad breath about oral cleanliness. Now they are finding new ways to treat the usually curable condition.Bad breath can happen whenever the normal flow of saliva (唾液) slows. Our mouths are full of bacteria feeding on protein in bits of food and shed tissue. The bacteria emit evil smelling gases, the worst of which is hydrogen sulfide (硫化物).Mouth bacteria thrive in airless conditions. Oxygen rich saliva keeps their numbers down. When we sleep, for example, the saliva stream slows, and sulfur producing bacteria gain the upper hand, producing classic “morning breath”.Alcohol hunger, too much talking, breathing through the mouth during exercise anything that dries the mouth produces bad breath. So can stress, though it’s not understood why. Some people’s breath turns sour every time they go on a job interview.Saliva flow gradually slows with age, which explains why the elderly have more bad breath trouble than younger people do. Babies, however, who make plenty of saliva and whose mouths contain relatively few bacteria have characteristically sweet breath.For most of us, the simple, dry mouth variety of bad breath is easily cured. Eating or drinking starts saliva and sweeps away many of the bacteria. Breakfast often stops morning breath.Those with chronic dry mouth find that it helps to keep gum, hard candy, or a bottle of water or juice around. Brushing the teeth wipes out dry mouth bad breath because it clears away many of the offending bacteria.Surprisingly, one thing that rarely works is mouthwash. The liquid can mask bad breath odor with itsown smell, but the effect lasts no more than an hour. Some mouthwashes claim to kill the bacteria responsible for bad breath. The trouble is, they don’t necessarily reach all offending germs. Most bacteria are well protected from mouthwash under thick layers of mucus (粘液). If the mouthwash contains alcohol-as most do-it can intensify the problem by drying out the mouth.31. The phrase “emanate from”in Paragraph 1 most probably means “________”.A) thrive onB) account forC) originate fromD) descend from32. Which of the following is mentioned as one of the causes of bad breath?A) Tooth trouble.B) Sulfur rich food.C) Too much exercise.D) Mental strain.33. According to the passage, alcohol has something to do with bad breath mainly because ________.A) it keeps offending bacteria from reproducingB) its smell adds to bad breathC) it kills some helpful bacteriaD) it affects the normal flow of saliva34. Mouthwashes are not an effective cure for bad breath mainly because ________.A) they can’t mask the bad odor long enoughB) they can’t get to all the offending bacteriaC) their strong smell mixes with bad breath and makes it worseD) they can’t cover the thick layers of mucus35. We can infer from this passage that ________.A) offensive breath can’t easily be curedB) elderly people are less offended by bad breathC) heavy drinkers are less affected by bad breathD) offensive breath is less affected by alcoholQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.“Welcome to the U.S.A.! Major Credi t cards accepted!”By the millions they are coming no longer the tired, the poor, the wretched mass longing for a better living. These are the wealthy. “We don’t have a budget,” says a biologist from Brazil, as she walks with two companions through New Y ork City’s South Street. “We just use our credit cards.”The U.S. has long been one of the world’s most popular tourist destinations, but this year has been exceptional. First there was the World Cup, which drew thousands from every corner of the globe; then came the weakening of the U.S. dollar against major currencies. Now the U.S., still the world’s superpower, can also claim to be the world’s bargain basement (廉价商品部). Nobody undersells America these days on just about everything, from consumer electronics to fashion clothes to tennis rackets. Bottom retail prices-anywhere from 30% to 70% lower than those in Europe and Asia-have attracted some 47 million visitors, who are expected to leave behind $79 billion in 1994. That’s up from $74 billion the year before.True, not everyone comes just for brains. There remains an undeniable fascination in the rest of the world with all things American, nourished by Hollywood films and U.S. television series. But shopping the U.S.A. is proving irresistible. Every week thousands arrive with empty suitcases ready to be filled; some even rent an additional hotel room to hold their purchases. The buying binge (无节制) has become as important as watching Old Faithful Fountains erupt in Y ellowstone Park or sunbathing on a beach in Florida.The U.S. has come at last to appreciate what other countries learned long ago: the pouring in of foreign tourists may not always be convenient, but is does put money in the bank. And with a trade deficit at about $130 billion and growing for the past 12 months, the U.S. needs all the deposits it can get. Compared with American tourists abroad, visitors to the U.S. stay longer and spend more money at each stop; an average of 12.2 night and $1624 a traveller versus the American s’ four nights and $298.36. From what the Brazilian biologist says, we know that tourists like her ________.A) are reluctant to carry cash with themB) simply don’t care how much they spendC) are not good at planning their expenditureD) often spend more money than they can afford37. The reason why 1994 was exceptional is that ________.A) it saw an unusually large number of tourists to the U.S.B) it witnessed a drop in the number of tourists to the U.S.C) tourism was hardly affected by the weakening of the U.S. dollar that yearD) tourists came to the U.S. for sightseeing rather than for bargains that year38. By saying “nobody undersells America” (Line 4, Para. 3), the author means that ________.A) no other country underestimates the competitiveness of American productsB) nobody expects the Americans to cut the prices of their commoditiesC) nobody restrains the selling of American goodsD) no other country sells at a lower price that America39. Why does the author assert that all things American are fascinating to foreigners?A) Because they have gained much publicity through the American media.B) Because they represent the world’s latest fashions.C) Because they embody the most sophisticated technology.D) Because they are available at all tourist destinations.40. From the passage we can conclude that the U.S. has come to realize ________.A) the weakening if the U.S. dollar can result in trade deficitsB) the lower the retail prices, the greater the profitsC) tourism can make great contributions to its economyD) visitors to the U.S. are wealthier than U.S. tourists abroadPart III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A)，B)，C), and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.41. His career was not noticeably ________ by the fact that he had never been to college.A) preventedB) preventedC) hinderedD) refrained42. When trapped in drifting sands, do not struggle, or you will be ________ in deeper.A) absorbedB) pushedC) heavedD) sucked43. To ________ for his unpleasant experiences he drank a little more than was good for him.A) commenceB) compromiseC) compensateD) compliment44. All visitors are requested to ________ with the regulations.A) complyB) agreeC) assistD) consent45. The captain ________ the horizon for approaching ships.A) scannedB) scrutinizedC) exploredD) swept46. The vast majority of people in any given culture will ________ established standards of that culture.A) confineB) conformC) confrontD) confirm47. Although he was on a diet, the food ________ him enormously.A) inspiredB) temptedC) overcameD) encouraged48. His argument does not suggest that mankind can ________ to be wasteful in the utilization of theseresources.A) resortB) grantC) affordD) entitle49. If you want this pain killer, you’ll have to ask the doctor for a ________.A) receiptB) recipeC) subscriptionD) prescription50. Some fish have a greater ________ for acid water than others.A) toleranceB) resistanceC) dependenceD) persistence51. There was once a town in this country where all life seemed to live in ________ with itssurroundings.A) coincidenceB) harmonyC) uniformD) alliance52. The court considers a financial ________ to be an appropriate way of punishing him.A) paymentB) obligationC) optionD) penalty53. It is true that ________ a wild plant into a major food crop such as wheat requires much researchtime.A) multiplyingB) breedingC) magnifyingD) generating54. The government has devoted a larger slice of its national ________ to agriculture than most othercountries.A) resourcesB) potentialC) budgetD) economy55. In this poor country, survival is still the leading industry; all else is ________.A) luxuryB) accommodationC) entertainmentD) refreshment56. Some criminals were printing ________ dollar bills until they were arrested.A) decentB) fakeC) patentD) suspicious57. Mr. Bloom is not ________ now, but he will be famous someday.A) significantB) dominantC) magnificentD) prominent58. His body temperature has been ________ for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5 degreecentigrade.A) uncommonB) disorderedC) abnormalD) extraordinary59. He seems to be ________ enough to climb to the mountain top in an hour.A) radiantB) conscientiousC) conspicuousD) energetic60. Although cats cannot see in complete darkness their eyes are much more ________ to light than arehuman eyes.A) glowingB) brilliantC) sensitiveD) gloomy61. While nuclear weapons present grave ________ dangers, the predominant crisis of overpopulation iswith us today.A) inevitableB) constantC) overwhelmingD) potential62. This is the ________ piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works.A) trueB) originalC) realD) genuine63. Comparison and contrast are often used ________ in advertisements.A) intentionallyB) pertinentlyC) incidentallyD) tiresomely64. A complete investigation into the causes of the accident should lead to improved standards and should________ new operating procedures.A) result isB) match withC) subject toD) proceed with65. ________ popular belief that classical music is too complex, it achieves a simplicity that only agenius can create.A) Subject toB) Contrary toC) Familiar toD) Similar to66. The bond of true affection had pulled us six very different men from six very different countriesacross Antarctica; we proved in the end that we weren’t very different ________.A) for allB) as usualC) in particularD) after all67. Though her parents ________ her musical ability, Jerrilou’s piano playing is really terrible.A) pour scorn onB) heap praise uponC) give vent toD) cast light upon68. Some children display an ________ curiosity about every new thing they encounter.A) incredibleB) infectiousC) incompatibleD) inaccessible69. Bruce Stephen gripped the ________ wheel hard as the car bounced up and down.A) stirringB) drivingC) steeringD) revolving70. Many of the scientists and engineers are judged ________ how great their achievements are.A) in spite ofB) in ways ofC) in favor ofD) in terms ofPart IV Short Answer Questions (15 minutes)Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewestpossible words (not exceeding 10 words).One summer my wife Chris and I were invited by friends to row down the Colorado River in a boat. Our expedition included many highly successful people the kind who have staffs to take care of life’s daily work. But in the wilder rapids, all of us naturally set aside any pretenses (矫饰) and put out backs into every stroke to keep the boat from tumbling over. At each night’s encampment, we all hauled supplies and cleaned dishes. After only two days in the river, people accustomed to be ing spoiled and indulged had become a team, working together to cope with the unpredictable twists and turns of the river.I believe that in life as well as on boat trips teamwork will make all our journeys successful ones. The rhythms of teamwork have been the rhythms of my life. I played basketball alongside famous players, and the team I now coach, the New Y ork Knicks, has recovered from years of adversity to become a major contender in the 1990s.I’m persuaded that teamwork is the key to making dreams come true. We all play on a number of teams in our lives-as part of a family, as a citizen, as a member of an agreement, written or unwritten. It contains the values and goals for every team member.For example, in the late 1970s a General Motors plant in F remont, Calif, was the scene of constant warfare between labor and management. Distrust ran so high that the labor contract was hundreds of pages of tricky legal terms. GM spent millions trying to keep the facility up to date, but productivity and quality were continually poor.Absenteeism (旷工) was so out of control that the production line couldn’t even start up on some mornings. Finally in the early 1980s, GM shut down the plant.GM became convinced that it had to create new production systems based on teamwork. In the mid 1980s it reopened the Fremont plant with Toyota, starting from scratch (从零开始) with a much simpler and shorter labor contract. It promised that executive salaries would be reduced and jobs performed by outside sellers would be given to employees before any layoffs were considered. Over a hundred job classifications were cut to just two. Instead of doing one boring job over and over, workers agreed to be part of small teams, spending equal time on various tasks.Questions: (注意: 答题尽量简短，超过10个词要扣分。

2000年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During (he pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line trough the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) To cancel his trip.B) To go to bed early.C) To catch a later flight.D) To ask for a wake-up call.2. A) They have different opinions as to what to do next.B) They have to pay for the house by installments.C) They will fix a telephone in the bathroom.D) The man’s attitude is more sensible than the woman’s.3. A) She will save the stamps for the man’s sister.B) She will no longer get letters from Canada.C) She can’t give the stamps to the man’s sister.D) She has given the stamps to the man’s roommates.4. A) Visiting the Brownings.B) Writing a postcard.C) Looking for a postcard.D) Filling in a form.5. A) The man should work with somebody else.B) The man should meet his partner’s needs.C) They should come to a compromise.D) They should find a better lab for the project.6. A) She can’t finish her assignment, either.B) She can’t afford a computer right now.C) The man can use her computer.D) The man should buy a computer right away.7. A) The visiting economist has given several lectures.B) The guest lecturer’s opinion is different from Dr. Johnson’s.C) Dr. Johnson and the guest speaker were schoolmates.D) Dr. Johnson invited the economist to visit their college.8. A) She’s never watched a better game.B) Football is-her favorite pastime.C) The game has been canceled.D) Their team played very badly.9. A) The man should stick to what he’s doing.B) The man should take up a new hobby.C) The man should stop playing tennis.D) The man should find the cause for his failure.10. A) An invented story.B) A real life experience.C) An imaginary situation.D) A terrible nightmare.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage 1Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) The name of a German town;B) A resident of Frankfurt.C) A kind of German sausage.D) A kind of German bread.12. A) He sold fast food.B) He raised dogs.C) He was A cook.D) He was a Cartoonist.13. A) Because the Americans found they were from Germany.B) Because people thought they contained dog meat.C) Because people had to get used to their taste.D) Because it was too hot to eat right away.Passage 2Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They give out faint cries.B) They make noises to drive away insects.C) They extend their water pipes.D) They become elastic like rubber bands.15. A) Quiet plants.B) Well-watered plants.C) Healthy plants.D) Thirsty plants.16. A) They could drive the insects away.B) They could keep the plants well-watered.C) They could make the plants grow faster.D) They could build devices to trap insects.Passage 3Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) To look for a different lifestyle.B) To enjoy themselves.C) For adventure.D) For education.18. A) There are 200 vehicles for every kilometer of roadway.B) It has a dense population.C) There are many museums and palaces.D) It has many towering buildings.19. A) It is a city of contrasts.B) It possesses many historical sites.C) It is an important industrial center.D) It has many big and beautiful parks.20. A) It helps develop our personalities.B) It enables us to acquire first-hand knowledge.C) It makes our life more interesting.D) It brings about changes in our lifestyle.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice andmark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line troughthe centre. Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows.Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of “trash talk (废话)”. The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes theever-common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society’s moral catastrophes (灾难), yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments (困境) of other people’s lives.Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual’s quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors.Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a “final word”. He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show’s main target audiences are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and stability to deal with life’s tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18-to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the show’s exploitation.While the two shows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world.21. Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfreyare ________.A) more family-orientedB) unusually popularC) more profoundD) relatively formal22. Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, theaudience ________.A) remain fascinated by themB) are ready to face up to themC) remain indifferent to themD) are willing to get involved in them23. Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?A) A new type of robot.B) Racist hatred.C) Family budget planning.D) Street violence.24. Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both ________.A) ironicalB) sensitiveC) instructiveD) cynical25. We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows ________.A) have monopolized the talk show circuitB) exploit the weaknesses in human natureC) appear at different times of the dayD) are targeted at different audiencesQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasive salesmanship” to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money.Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase.This concept does not imply that business is benevolent (慈善的) or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction-the firm and the customer-and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new. King Customer ruled!26. The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essence, ________.A) the practice of turning goods into moneyB) making goods available for purchaseC) the customer-centred approachD) a form of persuasive salesmanship27. What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept waswidely accepted?A) The needs of the market.B) The efficiency of production.C) The satisfaction of the user.D) The preferences of the dealer.28. According to the passage, “to move as much of these goods as possible” (Lines 3-4,Para. 1) means “________”.A) to sell the largest possible amount of goodsB) to transport goods as efficiently as possibleC) to dispose of these goods in large quantitiesD) to redesign these goods for large-scale production29. What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?A) Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.B) It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.C) Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.D) Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.30. In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on ________.A) its main characteristicB) its social impactC) its possible consequenceD) its theoretical basisQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy (冷漠) and stagnation (呆滞). Too much conflict leads to divisiveness (分裂) and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way.Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations.Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers innot-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict.Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators.In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions.31. In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is ________.A) wrongB) oversimplifiedC) misleadingD) unclear32. Professor Charles R. Schwenk’s research shows ________.A) the advantages and disadvantages of conflictB) the real value of conflictC) the difficulty in determining the optimal level of conflictD) the complexity of defining the roles of conflict33. We can learn from Schwenk’s research that ________.A) a person’s view of conflict is influenced by the purpose of his organizationB) conflict is necessary for managers of for-profit organizationsC) different people resolve conflicts in different waysD) it is impossible for people to avoid conflict34. The passage suggests that in for-profit organizations ________.A) there is no end of conflictB) expression of different opinions is encouragedC) decisions must be justifiableD) success lies in general agreement35. People working in a not-for-profit organization ________.A) seem to be difficult to satisfyB) are free to express diverse opinionsC) are less effective in making decisionsD) find it easier to reach agreementQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Imagine eating everything delicious you want-with none of the fat. That would be great, wouldn’t it?New “fake fat” products appeared on store shelves in the United States recently, but not everyone is happy about it. Makers of the products, which contain a compound called olestra, say food manufacturers can now eliminate fat from certain foods. Critics, however, say the new compound can rob the body of essential vitamins and nutrients (营养物) and can also cause unpleasant side effects in some people. So it’s up to decide whether the new fat-free products taste good enough to keep eating.Chemists discovered olestra in the late 1960s, when they were searching for a fat that could be digested by infants more easily. Instead of finding the desired fat, the researchers created a fat that can’t be digested at all.Normally, special chemicals in the intestines (肠) “grab”molecules of regular fat and break them down so they can be used by the body. A molecule of regular fat is made up of three molecules of substances called fatty acids.The fatty acids are absorbed by the intestines and bring with them the essential vitamins A, D, E, and K. When fat molecules are present in the intestines with any of those vitamins, the vitamins attach to the molecules and are carried into the bloodstream.Olestra, which is made from six to eight molecules of fatty acids, is too large for the intestines to absorb. It just slides through the intestines without being broken down. Manufacturers say it’s that ability to slide unchanged through the intestines that makes olestra so valuable as a fat substitute. It provides consumers with the taste of regular fat without any bad effects on the body. But critics say olestra can prevent vitamins A, D, E, and K from being absorbed. It can also prevent the absorption of carotenoids (类胡萝卜素), compounds that may reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease, etc.Manufacturers are adding vitamins A, D, E, and K as well as carotenoids to their products now. Even so, some nutritionists are still concerned that people might eat unlimited amounts of food made with the fat substitute without worrying about how many calories they are consuming.36. We learn from the passage that olestra is a substance that ________.A) contains plenty of nutrientsB) renders foods calorie-free while retaining their vitaminsC) makes foods easily digestibleD) makes foods fat-free while keeping them delicious37. The result of the search for an easily digestible fat turned out to be ________.A) commercially uselessB) just as anticipatedC) somewhat controversialD) quite unexpected38. Olestra is different from ordinary fats in that ________.A) it passes through the intestines without being absorbedB) it facilitates the absorption of vitamins by the bodyC) it helps reduce the incidence of heart diseaseD) it prevents excessive intake of vitamins39. What is a possible negative effect of olestra according to some critics?A) It may impair the digestive system.B) It may affect the overall fat intake.C) It may increase the risk of cancer.D) It may spoil the consumers’ appetite.40. Why are nutritionists concerned about adding vitamins to olestra?A) It may lead to the over-consumption of vitamins.B) People may be induced to eat more than is necessary.C) The function of the intestines may be weakened.D) It may trigger a new wave of fake food production.Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C,) and D), Choose the ONE that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre.41. The doctors don’t ________ that he will live much longer.A) articulateB) anticipateC) manifestD) monitor42. I suggest we put the scheme into effect, for it is quite ________.A) eligibleB) sustainableC) probableD) feasible43. The old gentleman was a very ________ looking person, with grey hair and goldspectacles.A) respectfulB) respectedC) respectiveD) respectable44. This book is expected to ________ the best-seller lists.A) promoteB) prevailC) dominateD) exemplify45. That part of the city has long been ________ for its street violence.A) notoriousB) responsibleC) historicalD) illegal46. Under the guidance of their teacher, the pupils are building a model boat ________by steam.A) towedB) pressedC) tossedD) propelled47. Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks,________ themselves.A) expandingB) stretchingC) prolongingD) extending48. England’s team, who are now superbly fit, will be doing their best next week to________ themselves for last year’s defeat.A) reviveB) retortC) revengeD) remedy49. If you want to get into that tunnel, you first have to ________ away all the rocks.A) haulB) transferC) repelD) dispose50. It took us only a few hours to ________ the paper off all four walls.A) shearB) scrapeC) strokeD) chip51. The famous scientist ________ his success to hard work.A) impartedB) grantedC) ascribedD) acknowledged52. It is difficult to ________ of a plan to end poverty.A) speculateB) conceiveC) ponderD) reckon53. Now the cheers and applause ________ in a single sustained roar.A) mingledB) concentratedC) assembledD) permeated54. Improved consumer confidence is ________ to an economic recovery.A) crucialB) subordinateC) cumulative55. Although the body is made up of many different tissues, these tissues are arrangedin an ________ and orderly fashion.A) incredibleB) intricateC) internalD) initial56. If you work under a car when repairing it, you often get very ________.A) waxyB) slipperyC) stickyD) greasy57. The damage to his car was ________; therefore, he could repair it himself.A) considerableB) appreciableC) negligibleD) invisible58. My sister is quite ________ and plans to get an M. A. degree within one year.A) aggressiveB) enthusiasticC) considerateD) ambitious59. The manager tried to wave aside these issues as ________ details that would besettled later.A) versatileB) trivialC) preliminaryD) alternate60. His ________ was telling him that something was wrong.A) intuitionB) hypothesisC) inspiration61. This book is about how these basic beliefs and values affect important ________ ofAmerican life.A) fashionsB) frontiersC) facetsD) formats62. Parents often faced the ________ between doing what they felt was good for thedevelopment of the child and what they could stand by way of undisciplined noise and destructiveness.A) paradoxB) junctionC) dilemmaD) premise63. Clark felt that his ________ in one of the most dramatic medical experiments of alltime was worth the suffering he underwent.A) apprehensionB) appreciationC) presentationD) participation64. As one of the youngest professors in the university, Miss King is certainly on the________ of a brilliant career.A) thresholdB) edgeC) porchD) course65. The ________ lawyer made a great impression on the jury.A) protectingB) guardingC) defendingD) shielding66. Very few people understood his lecture, the subject of which was very ________.A) dimB) obscureC) conspicuousD) intelligible67. This movie is not ________ for children to see: it contains too much violence andtoo many love scenes.A) profoundB) validC) decentD) upright68. The wood was so rotten that, when we pulled, it ________ into fragments.A) broke offB) broke awayC) broke throughD) broke up69. The detective and his assistant have begun to ________ the mysterious murder.A) come throughB) look intoC) make overD) see to70. Sadly, the Giant Panda is one of the many species now in danger of ________.A) extinctionB) migrationC) destructionD) extraction试卷二Part IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word,add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the correctionsin the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write thecorrect word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put aninsertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in theblank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank.Example:╱. 1. time/times/period Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods╱used for the study of literature as 2. _______\_______ Many of the arguments havinga school subject are valid for ∧study of television. 3. ______the______Until the very latest moment of his existence, man has been bound to the planet on which he originated and developed. Now he had the capability to leave that planet (71) and move out into the universe to those worlds which he has known previously only directly. Men have explored parts of (72) the moon, put spaceships in orbit around another planet and possibly within the decade will land into another planet and (73) explore it. Can we be too bold as to suggest that we may be (74) able to colonize other planet within the not—too—distant (75) future? Some have advocated such a procedure as a solution to the population problem. ship the excess people off to the moon. But we must keep in head the billions of dollars we (76) might spend in carrying out the project. To maintain the earth’s population at its present level. we would have to blast off into space 7,500 people every hour of every day of the year.Why are we spending so little money on space (77) exploration? Consider the great need for improving many (78) aspects of the global environment, one is surely justified in his concern for the money and resources that they are poured (79) into the space exploration efforts. But perhaps we should look at both sides of the coin before arriving hasty (80) conclusions.Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: WT For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How I Finance my College Education. You should write at least120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese)below:1. 上大学的费用(tuition and fees)可以通过多种途径解决。

1993年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷及参考答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A1. A) It was misleading.B) It was enjoyable.C) It was rather boring.D) It was just so-so.2. A) Pop music.B) Folk music.C) Classical music.D) All kinds of music.3. A) He will fly directly to his destination.B) He has to change at Albany.C) He is still not sure how to get there.D) He must change at Jacksonville.4. A) It’s late.B) It’s crowed.C) It’s empty.D) It’s on time.5. A) Unusual.B) Enthusiastic.C) Serious.D) Threatening.6. A) Her name is on the top of the list.B) She will be the last to be interviewed.C) She is expecting a job interview.D) She must fix a date for the job.7. A) The husband is not usually so observant.B) The wife is annoyed at her husband’s complaint.C) The husband hasn’t told the truth.D) The wife is going to the hairdresser’s.8. A) The student miss their professor very much.B) The professor didn’t give the lesson.C) A new course will begin next Monday.D) Some homework was assigned to the students.9. A) She accepted their request.B) She rejected their request.C) She agreed to consider their request.D) She asked them to come with the other.10. A) At work.B) Back at home.C) At the meeting.D) Away from home.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Cheap clothes.B) Expensive clothes.C) Fashionable clothes.D) Informal clothes.12. A) They enjoy loud music.B) They seldom lose their temper.C) They want to have children.D) They enjoy modern dances.13. A) Her twin sister often brings friends home and this annoys the speaker.B) They can’t agree on the col or of the room.C) They can’t agree on the kind of furniture.D) The speaker likes to keep things neat while her twin sister doesn’t.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) In the first semester.B) In the second semester.C) In the third semester.D) In the fourth semester.15. A) She is ill.B) She is too old.C) Her husband wants her to.D) Her husband is ill.16. A) His father.B) His mother.C) His girl friend.D) His teacher.17. A) He has decided to continue his studies.B) He has still to make a decision.C) He has decided to give up his job.D) He has still to take a part time job.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) Twenty years.B) A couple of weeks.C) A couple of years.D) Five years.19. A) David had been selling cars.B) David had taught business.C) David had become a salesman.D) David had made a lot of money.20. A) Rich people are not happy.B) Being rich is the best thing in the world.C) Being rich is not always a good thing.D) Rich people are usually with their families.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Protests at the use of animals in research have taken a new and fearful character in Britain with the attempted murder of two British scientists by the terrorist technique of the pre-planted car-bomb.The research community will rightly be alarmed at these developments, which have two objectives: to arouse public attention and to frighten people working in research with animals. The first need is that everything should be done to identify those responsible for the crimes and to put them on trail. The Defence Research Society has taken the practical step of offering a reward of 10,000 pounds for information leading to those responsible, but past experience is not encouraging. People are unlikely to be tempted by such offers. The professional police will similarly be confronted by the usual problem of finding a needle in a haystack.That is why the intellectual (知识分子) community in Britain and elsewhere must act more vigorously in its own defence. There are several steps that can be taken, of which the chief one is to demand of all the organizations that exist with the declared objectives of safeguarding the interests of animals that they should declare clearly where they stand on violence towards people. And it will not be enough for the chairmen and chairwomen of these organizations to utter placatory (安抚的) statements on behalf of all their members. These people should also undertake that it will be a test of continuing membership in their organizations that members and would be members should declare that they will take no part in acts of violence against human beings. Even such undertakings would not be fully effective: people, after all, can lie. But at least they would distinguish the organizations entitled to a continuing voice in the dialogue with the research community about the rights of animals in research from the organizations that deserve no say.21. The words “these developments” (Para. 2, Line 1) most probably refer to ________.A) the acts of violence against scientistsB) the use of animals in researchC) the techniques of planting bombs in carsD) the establishment of new animal protection organization22. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A) The police abandoned their efforts to find the criminals.B) The terrorists escaped with the help of their organizations.C) The attempted murder caused grave anxiety among British scientists.D) People sympathized murder caused grave anxiety among British scientists.23. The author’s purpose in writing his article is to demand that animal-protectingorganizations ________.A) declare their objectives clearlyB) give up the use of violenceC) continue the dialogue with the scientific communityD) help to find those responsible for the attempted murder24. In the author’s opinion ________.A) since people can lie, the problem ab out their rights of scientists can’t be solvedB) animal-protecting organizations about be held responsible for acts of violenceagainst scientistsC) animal protection organizations should be declared illegalD) the scientists should take effective measures to protect themselves25. What does the word “they” (Para. 3, Line 3) refer to?A) The animal-protecting organizations.B) The organizations that will talk with the research community.C) Those who support the use of animals in research.D) Those who support the animal-protection organizations.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The earlier type of suburb, which was most dependent on the railroad, had a special advantage that could be fully appreciated only after it had disappeared. These suburbs, spread out along a railroad line, were discontinuous and properly spaced; and without the aid of legislation (法规) they were limited in population as well as area; for the biggest rarely held as many as ten thousand people, and under five thousand was more usual. In 1950, for example, Bronxville, New York, a typical upper-class suburb, had 6,778 people, while Riverside, Illinois, founded as early as 1869, had only 9.153.The size and scale of the suburb, that of neighborhood unit, was not entirely theresult of its open planning, which favored low densities. Being served by a railroad line, with station stops from three to five miles apart, there was a natural limit to the spread of any particular community. House had to be sited “within e asy walking distance of the railroad station,” as some old residents would point out; and only those wealthy enough to afford a horse and a carriage dared to penetrate farther into the open country.Through its spaced station stops, the railroad suburb was at first kept from spreading or excessively increasing in numbers, for a natural greenbelt, often still under cultivation as park, gardens, remained between the suburbs and increased the available recreation area. Occasionally, in a few happy areas like Westchester, between 1915 and 1935 a parkway, like the Bronx River parkway, accompanied by continuous strip of park for pedestrian (散步的人) use, not yet overrun by a constant stream of urban traffic, added to the perfection of the whole suburban pattern. Whatever one might say of the social disadvantages this was in many ways a perfect physical environment. But it lasted less than a generation.26. What was the special advantage of the old type of suburb?A) Its nearness to the railroad.B) The vastness of its open space.C) Its small size in area and population.D) The high social status of its residents.27. The size of the old suburb was limited because ________.A) people wanted to live near a railroad stationB) it was originally planned by railroad companiesC) there was a law governing the size of the suburbD) local inhabitants didn’t like to out in the country28. “Happy areas” (Para. 3, Line 3) were areas where ________.A) life was enjoyed by everyoneB) more roads were built to bypass the heavy trafficC) a greenbelt was available solely for recreationD) people could have lots of fun29. It is evident that the writer ________.A) finds urban life uncomfortableB) prefers life in the countrysideC) feels disappointed in the changes of suburbsD) advocates the idea of returning to nature30. The topic discussed in the passage is “________”.A) the size and scale of suburban neighborhood unitsB) the advantage of old-type suburbsC) the location of railroad stationsD) the concept of the suburban patternQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Recent stories in the newspapers and magazines suggest that teaching and research contradict each other, that research plays too prominent a part in academic promotions, and that teaching is badly underemphasized. There is an element of truth in these statements, but they also ignore deeper and more important relationships.Research experience is an essential element of hiring and promotion at a research university because it is the emphasis on research that distinguishes such a university from an arts college. Some professors, however, neglect teaching for research and that presents a problem.Most research universities reward outstanding teaching, but the greatest recognition is usually given for achievements in research. Part of the reason is the difficulty of judging teaching. A highly responsible and tough professor is usually appreciated by top students who want to be challenged, but disliked by those whose records are less impressive. The mild professor gets overall ratings that are usually high, but there is a sense of disappointment in the part of the best students, exactly those for whom the system should present the greatest challenges. Thus, a university trying to promote professors primarily on the teaching qualities would have to confront this confusion.As modern science moves faster, two forces are exerted on professor: one is the time needed to keep on with the profession; the other is the time needed to teach. The training of new scientists requires outstanding teaching at the research university as well as the arts college. Although scientists are usually “made” in the elementary schools, scientists can be “lost” by poor teaching at the college and graduate school leve ls. The solution is not to separate teaching and research, but to recognize that the combination is difficult but vital. The title of professor should be given only to those who profess, and it is perhaps time for universities to reserve it for those willing to be an earnest part of the community of scholars. Professor unwilling to teach can be called “distinguished research investigators” or something else.The pace of modern science makes it increasingly difficult to be a great researcher and a great teacher. Yet many are described in just those terms. Those who say we can separate teaching and research simply do not understand the system but those who say the problem will disappear are not fulfilling their responsibilities.31. What idea does the author want to convey in the first paragraph?A) It is wrong to overestimate the importance of teaching.B) Teaching and research are contradictory to each other.C) Research can never be emphasized too much.D) The relationship between teaching and research should not be simplified.32. In academic promotions research universities still attach more importance toresearch partly because ________.A) research improves the quality of teachingB) students who want to be challenged appreciate research professorsC) it is difficult to evaluate teaching quality objectivelyD) professor with achievements in research are usually responsible and tough33. According to the fourth paragraph, which of the following will the author probablyagree with?A) Distinguished professors at research universities should concentrate on researchonly.B) The separation of teaching from research can lower the quality of futurescientists.C) It is of utmost importance to improve teaching in elementary schools in order totrain new scientists.D) The rapid developments of modern science make it impossible to combineteaching with research.34. The title of professor should be given only to those who, first and foremost, do________.A) teachingB) field workC) scientific researchD) investigation35. The phrase “the problem” (Para. 5, Line 3) refers to ________.A) raising the status of teachingB) the combination of teaching with researchC) the separations of teaching from researchD) improving the status of researchQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.I have had just about enough of being treated like a second-class citizen, simply because I happened to be that put upon member of society-a customer. The more I gointo shops and hotels, banks and post offices, railway stations, airports and the like, the more I’m convinced that things are being run solely to suit the firm, the system, or the union. There seems to be a new motto (座右铭) for the so-called ‘service’ organization-Staff Before Service. How often, for example, have you queued for what seems like hours at the Post Office or the supermarket because there aren’t enough staff on duty at all the service counters? Surely in these days of high unemployment it must be possible to increase counter staff. Yet supermarkets, hinting darkly at higher prices, claim that bringing all their cash registers into operation at any time would increase expenses. And the Post Office says we cannot expect all their service counters to be occupied ‘at times when dem and is low’.It’s the same with hotels. Because waiters and kitchen staff must finish when it suits them, dining rooms close earlier or menu choice is diminished. As for us guests (and how the meaning of that word has been cut away little by little), we just have to put up with it. There’s also the nonsense of so many friendly hotel night porters having been gradually with drawn from service in the interests of ‘efficiency’ (i.e.profits) and replaced by coin-eating machines which supply everything from beer to medicine, not to mention the creeping threat of the tea-making set in your room: a kettle with teabags, milk bags sugar. Who wants to wake up to a raw teabag? I don’t, especially when I am paying for ‘service’.Our only hope is to hammer our irritation whenever and wherever we can and, if all else fails, restore that other, older saying-Take Our Custom (买卖) Elsewhere.36. The author feels that nowadays customers are ________.A) not worthy of special treatmentB) not provided with proper serviceC) considered to be inferior members of societyD) regarded as privileged37. In the author’s opinion, the quality of service is changing because ________.A) the staff are less considerate than employersB) customers are becoming more demandingC) customers unwilling to pay extra moneyD) more consideration is given to the staff than customers38. According to the author, long queues at counters are caused by ________.A) the diminishing supply of good staffB) lack of cooperation among staffC) inefficient staffD) deliberate understaffing39. The disappearance of old-style hotel porters can be attributed to the fact that________.A) self-service provides a cheaper alternativeB) the personal touch is less appreciated nowadaysC) machines are more reliable than human beingsD) few people are willing to do this type of work40. The author’s final solution to the problem discussed in the passage is ________.A) to put up with whatever service is providedB) to make strong complaints wherever necessaryC) to fully utilize all kinds of coin-eating machinesD) to go where good service is availablePart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. When Mohammed, a friend of mine from the Middle East, first went to the UnitedKingdom to attend the university, ________ with women in the same class.A) he’s never before studiedB) he couldn’t before studyC) he would never before studyD) he hasn’t before studied42. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it ________before the West was settled.A) hasB) didC) wasD) would43. The cars were ________ because it was impossible to go any further in the fog.A) sacrificedB) transportedC) abandonedD) removed44. The new designs of the Christmas stamps are always waited for with keen________.A) irritationB) predictionC) receptionD) anticipation45. Buck Helm, a retired salesman, survived ________ alive for 90 hours in his car.A) being buriedB) having buriedC) buryingD) to be buried46. We have had to raise our prices because of the increase in the cost of ________materials.A) primitiveB) roughC) originalD) raw47. Indeed, almost every scientist now finds it impossible to read all the works relevantto his own subject, ________ extensively outside of it.A) much more to readB) much less readingC) much less to readD) still more reading48. It is up to the Government to tackle the air pollution problem and ________measures in line with the council’s suggestions.A) set aboutB) work outC) fill upD) bring over49. All that day my father was in ________ as he had lost his wallet.A) great anxietyB) ambitionC) ill humourD) hospitality50. We preferred to postpone the meeting ________ it without the presence of ourpresident.A) rather than holdB) than to holdC) rather than heldD) to holding51. Many people, if not most, ________ literary taste as an elegant accomplishment, byacquiring which they will complete themselves, and make themselves finally fit as members of a correct society.A) look onB) look downC) look inD) look into52. What a good listener is able to do is to process what he hears on the basis of thecontext ________.A) it occurring inB) occurred in itC) occurring in itD) it occurs in53. The car accident was ________ to the driver’s violation of the traffic regulations.A) assignedB) contributedC) attributedD) transferred54. She is a very ________ student. She’s always talking about travelling to outer space.A) imaginaryB) imaginativeC) imaginableD) imagining55. His lectures on Roman history would do credit ________ a real expert.A) inB) toC) ofD) with56. My grandpa gave me a watch, which is made of gold, ________ I keep to this day.A) and thusB) andC) soD) and which57. I have devoted four weekends to writing papers and now I feel I ________ a rest.A) deserveB) preserveC) conceiveD) receive58. I found myself ________ to the spot where the experiment was being performedwhenever I had some time to spare.A) drawsB) drawingC) drawnD) drew59. The construction of a 5-million-ton iron and steel works is now under ________.A) conclusionB) contributionC) continuationD) consideration60. Mary found it difficult to ________ Jim’s father when he disapproved of theirmarriage.A) stand forB) stand outC) stand byD) stand up to61. President Banda’s background as a doctor has given him ________ into the medicalproblem that face the country.A) a viewB) a visionC) an insightD) a sight62. I wish ________ to Stockholm when I was in Sweden. I hear it’s a beautiful city.A) I wentB) I had goneC) I have goneD) having gone63. He ________ his job in order to engage in full-time writing.A) upheldB) resigned fromC) undertookD) took over64. The west is traditionally the land of the pioneers and the cowboys, where ________could be easily made in cattle or land.A) fortunesB) propertyC) opportunitiesD) treasure65. I didn’t sent out my application form last week, but I ________.A) had toB) should haveC) would doD) might have to66. V ostok is close to the coldest spot in the world, where an ________ minus 128.6 Fwas recorded in 1983.A) unreliableB) extraC) incredibleD) impossible67. It is human nature to t hink back to a Golden Age ________ one’s country wasstrong and respected.A) whenB) providedC) asD) unless68. I don’t mind a bit if you bring your friends in for a drink, but it is rather too muchwhen sixteen people arrive ________ for dinner.A) unusuallyB) excessivelyC) consequentlyD) unexpectedly69. Faced with all the difficulties, the girl ________ her mother for comfort.A) turned overB) turned fromC) turned toD) turned up70. David is the ________ holder of the world 5,000-meter world record, but there is noguarantee that he will win in the Olympic Games.A) currentB) predominantC) prevailingD) decisivePart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word,add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the correctionsin the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write thecorrect word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put aninsertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in theblank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank. Example:╱. 1. time/times/period Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods╱ used for the study of literature as 2. _______\_______ Many of the arguments havinga school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. 3. ______the______When you board a plane, a machine may soon be scanning more than your bags—it may be studying your face. A computer comes onto the market recently which (71) promises to be able to recognize faces at a glance from a video (72) camera.The system, known as PRES, has many possible use in (73) different fields but the most prominent is like to be monitoring (74) crowds at airports for known terrorists. Such a task is far from the capabilities of a conventional image processor, which is too quick to be of practical use. Moreover, it is too easily (75) confused: if image of a face in its memory is only a frontal (76) view. For example, they might not recognize that same face (77) when presenting with a side view of the face. (78)PARES relies in the new technology of neural(神经的) (79) networks. Like the brain, it has many interconnected memory “cells”, which work simultaneously rather than in sequence and thus greatly speed up the computation. And like the brain, the neural network can be trained to concentrate on essentials while ignoring of inessential matters-it c an “learn” what’s (80)important and what isn’t. But the training is boring: an operator must patiently correct the computer’s mistakes.Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the title: Motorcycles and City Traffic. You should base your composition onthe following outline (given in Chinese):1. 近年来中国城市中的摩托车2. 摩托车的优点和缺点3. 你对我国城市中摩托车发展前景的看法You must write your composition in no less than 120 words on Composition Sheet and remember to write it in readable handwriting.1993年1月六级参考答案Part IPart IIPart III。

1993年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A1. A) It was misleading.B) It was enjoyable.C) It was rather boring.D) It was just so-so.2. A) Pop music.B) Folk music.C) Classical music.D) All kinds of music.3. A) He will fly directly to his destination.B) He has to change at Albany.C) He is still not sure how to get there.D) He must change at Jacksonville.4. A) It’s late.B) It’s crowed.C) It’s empty.D) It’s on time.5. A) Unusual.B) Enthusiastic.C) Serious.D) Threatening.6. A) Her name is on the top of the list.B) She will be the last to be interviewed.C) She is expecting a job interview.D) She must fix a date for the job.7. A) The husband is not usually so observant.B) The wife is annoyed at her husband’s complaint.C) The husband hasn’t told the truth.D) The wife is going to the hairdresser’s.8. A) The student miss their professor very much.B) The professor didn’t give the lesson.C) A new course will begin next Monday.D) Some homework was assigned to the students.9. A) She accepted their request.B) She rejected their request.C) She agreed to consider their request.D) She asked them to come with the other.10. A) At work.B) Back at home.C) At the meeting.D) Away from home.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Cheap clothes.B) Expensive clothes.C) Fashionable clothes.D) Informal clothes.12. A) They enjoy loud music.B) They seldom lose their temper.C) They want to have children.D) They enjoy modern dances.13. A) Her twin sister often brings friends home and this annoys the speaker.B) They can’t agree on the color of the room.C) They can’t agree on the kind of furniture.D) The speaker likes to keep things neat while her twin sister doesn’t.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) In the first semester.B) In the second semester.C) In the third semester.D) In the fourth semester.15. A) She is ill.B) She is too old.C) Her husband wants her to.D) Her husband is ill.16. A) His father.B) His mother.C) His girl friend.D) His teacher.17. A) He has decided to continue his studies.B) He has still to make a decision.C) He has decided to give up his job.D) He has still to take a part time job.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) Twenty years.B) A couple of weeks.C) A couple of years.D) Five years.19. A) David had been selling cars.B) David had taught business.C) David had become a salesman.D) David had made a lot of money.20. A) Rich people are not happy.B) Being rich is the best thing in the world.C) Being rich is not always a good thing.D) Rich people are usually with their families.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Protests at the use of animals in research have taken a new and fearful character in Britain with the attempted murder of two British scientists by the terrorist technique of the pre-planted car-bomb.The research community will rightly be alarmed at these developments, which have two objectives: to arouse public attention and to frighten people working in research with animals. The first need is that everything should be done to identify those responsible for the crimes and to put them on trail. The Defence Research Society has taken the practical step of offering a reward of 10,000 pounds for information leading to those responsible, but past experience is not encouraging. People are unlikely to be tempted by such offers. The professional police will similarly be confronted by the usual problem of finding a needle in a haystack.That is why the intellectual (知识分子) community in Britain and elsewhere must act more vigorously in its own defence. There are several steps that can be taken, of which the chief one is to demand of all the organizations that exist with the declared objectives of safeguarding the interests of animals that they should declare clearly where they stand on violence towards people. And it will not be enough for the chairmen and chairwomen of these organizations to utter placatory (安抚的) statements on behalf of all their members. These people should also undertake that it will be a test of continuing membership in their organizations that members and would be members should declare that they will take no part in acts of violence against human beings. Even such undertakings would not be fully effective: people, after all, can lie. But at least they would distinguish the organizations entitled to a continuing voice in the dialogue with the research community about the rights of animals in research from the organizations that deserve no say.21. The words “these developments” (Para. 2, Line 1) most probably refer to ________.A) the acts of violence against scientistsB) the use of animals in researchC) the techniques of planting bombs in carsD) the establishment of new animal protection organization22. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A) The police abandoned their efforts to find the criminals.B) The terrorists escaped with the help of their organizations.C) The attempted murder caused grave anxiety among British scientists.D) People sympathized murder caused grave anxiety among British scientists.23. The author’s purpose in writing his article is to demand that animal-protectingorganizations ________.A) declare their objectives clearlyB) give up the use of violenceC) continue the dialogue with the scientific communityD) help to find those responsible for the attempted murder24. In the author’s opinion ________.A) since people can lie, the problem about their rights of scientists can’t be solvedB) animal-protecting organizations about be held responsible for acts of violenceagainst scientistsC) animal protection organizations should be declared illegalD) the scientists should take effective measures to protect themselves25. What does the word “they” (Para. 3, Line 3) refer to?A) The animal-protecting organizations.B) The organizations that will talk with the research community.C) Those who support the use of animals in research.D) Those who support the animal-protection organizations.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The earlier type of suburb, which was most dependent on the railroad, had a special advantage that could be fully appreciated only after it had disappeared. These suburbs, spread out along a railroad line, were discontinuous and properly spaced; and without the aid of legislation (法规) they were limited in population as well as area; for the biggest rarely held as many as ten thousand people, and under five thousand was more usual. In 1950, for example, Bronxville, New York, a typical upper-class suburb, had 6,778 people, while Riverside, Illinois, founded as early as 1869, had only 9.153.The size and scale of the suburb, that of neighborhood unit, was not entirely the result of its open planning, which favored low densities. Being served by a railroad line, with station stops from three to five miles apart, there was a natural limit to the spread of any particular community. House had to be sited “within easy walking distance of the railroad station,” as some old residents would point out; and only those wealthy enough to afford a horse and a carriage dared to penetrate farther into the open country.Through its spaced station stops, the railroad suburb was at first kept from spreading or excessively increasing in numbers, for a natural greenbelt, often still under cultivation as park, gardens, remained between the suburbs and increased the available recreation area. Occasionally, in a few happy areas like Westchester, between 1915 and 1935 a parkway, like the Bronx River parkway, accompanied by continuous strip of park for pedestrian (散步的人) use, not yet overrun by a constant stream of urban traffic, added to the perfection of the whole suburban pattern. Whatever one might say of the socialdisadvantages this was in many ways a perfect physical environment. But it lasted less than a generation.26. What was the special advantage of the old type of suburb?A) Its nearness to the railroad.B) The vastness of its open space.C) Its small size in area and population.D) The high social status of its residents.27. The size of the old suburb was limited because ________.A) people wanted to live near a railroad stationB) it was originally planned by railroad companiesC) there was a law governing the size of the suburbD) local inhabitants didn’t like to out in the country28. “Happy areas” (Para. 3, Line 3) were areas where ________.A) life was enjoyed by everyoneB) more roads were built to bypass the heavy trafficC) a greenbelt was available solely for recreationD) people could have lots of fun29. It is evident that the writer ________.A) finds urban life uncomfortableB) prefers life in the countrysideC) feels disappointed in the changes of suburbsD) advocates the idea of returning to nature30. The topic discussed in the passage is “________”.A) the size and scale of suburban neighborhood unitsB) the advantage of old-type suburbsC) the location of railroad stationsD) the concept of the suburban patternQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Recent stories in the newspapers and magazines suggest that teaching and research contradict each other, that research plays too prominent a part in academic promotions, and that teaching is badly underemphasized. There is an element of truth in these statements, but they also ignore deeper and more important relationships.Research experience is an essential element of hiring and promotion at a researchuniversity because it is the emphasis on research that distinguishes such a university from an arts college. Some professors, however, neglect teaching for research and that presents a problem.Most research universities reward outstanding teaching, but the greatest recognition is usually given for achievements in research. Part of the reason is the difficulty of judging teaching. A highly responsible and tough professor is usually appreciated by top students who want to be challenged, but disliked by those whose records are less impressive. The mild professor gets overall ratings that are usually high, but there is a sense of disappointment in the part of the best students, exactly those for whom the system should present the greatest challenges. Thus, a university trying to promote professors primarily on the teaching qualities would have to confront this confusion.As modern science moves faster, two forces are exerted on professor: one is the time needed to keep on with the profession; the other is the time needed to teach. The training of new scientists requires outstanding teaching at the research university as well as the arts col lege. Although scientists are usually “made” in the elementary schools, scientists can be “lost” by poor teaching at the college and graduate school levels. The solution is not to separate teaching and research, but to recognize that the combination is difficult but vital. The title of professor should be given only to those who profess, and it is perhaps time for universities to reserve it for those willing to be an earnest part of the community of scholars. Professor unwilling to teach can be called “dist inguished research investigators” or something else.The pace of modern science makes it increasingly difficult to be a great researcher and a great teacher. Yet many are described in just those terms. Those who say we can separate teaching and research simply do not understand the system but those who say the problem will disappear are not fulfilling their responsibilities.31. What idea does the author want to convey in the first paragraph?A) It is wrong to overestimate the importance of teaching.B) Teaching and research are contradictory to each other.C) Research can never be emphasized too much.D) The relationship between teaching and research should not be simplified.32. In academic promotions research universities still attach more importance toresearch partly because ________.A) research improves the quality of teachingB) students who want to be challenged appreciate research professorsC) it is difficult to evaluate teaching quality objectivelyD) professor with achievements in research are usually responsible and tough33. According to the fourth paragraph, which of the following will the author probablyagree with?A) Distinguished professors at research universities should concentrate on researchonly.B) The separation of teaching from research can lower the quality of futurescientists.C) It is of utmost importance to improve teaching in elementary schools in order totrain new scientists.D) The rapid developments of modern science make it impossible to combineteaching with research.34. The title of professor should be given only to those who, first and foremost, do________.A) teachingB) field workC) scientific researchD) investigation35. The phrase “the problem” (Para. 5, Line 3) refers to ________.A) raising the status of teachingB) the combination of teaching with researchC) the separations of teaching from researchD) improving the status of researchQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.I have had just about enough of being treated like a second-class citizen, simply because I happened to be that put upon member of society-a customer. The more I go into shops and hotels, banks and post offices, railway stations, airports and the like, the more I’m convinced that things are being run solely to suit the firm, the system, or the union. There seems to be a new motto (座右铭) for the so-called ‘service’organization-Staff Before Service. How often, for example, have you queued for what seems like hours at the Post Office or the supermarket because there aren’t enough staff on duty at all the service counters? Surely in these days of high unemployment it must be possible to increase counter staff. Yet supermarkets, hinting darkly at higher prices, claim that bringing all their cash registers into operation at any time would increase expenses. And the Post Office says we cannot expect all their service counters to be occupied ‘at times when demand is low’.It’s the same with hotels. Because waiters and kitchen staff must finish when it suits them, dining rooms close earlier or menu choice is diminished. As for us guests (and how the meaning of that word has been cut away little by little), we just have to put up with it. There’s also the nonsense of so many friendly hotel night porters having been gradually with drawn from service in the interests of ‘efficiency’(i.e. profits) and replaced by coin-eating machines which supply everything from beer to medicine, not to mention thecreeping threat of the tea-making set in your room: a kettle with teabags, milk bags sugar. Who wants to wake up to a raw teabag? I don’t, especially when I am paying for ‘service’.Our only hope is to hammer our irritation whenever and wherever we can and, if all else fails, restore that other, older saying-Take Our Custom (买卖) Elsewhere.36. The author feels that nowadays customers are ________.A) not worthy of special treatmentB) not provided with proper serviceC) considered to be inferior members of societyD) regarded as privileged37. In the author’s opinion, the quality of service is changing because ________.A) the staff are less considerate than employersB) customers are becoming more demandingC) customers unwilling to pay extra moneyD) more consideration is given to the staff than customers38. According to the author, long queues at counters are caused by ________.A) the diminishing supply of good staffB) lack of cooperation among staffC) inefficient staffD) deliberate understaffing39. The disappearance of old-style hotel porters can be attributed to the fact that________.A) self-service provides a cheaper alternativeB) the personal touch is less appreciated nowadaysC) machines are more reliable than human beingsD) few people are willing to do this type of work40. The author’s final solution to the problem discussed in the passage is ________.A) to put up with whatever service is providedB) to make strong complaints wherever necessaryC) to fully utilize all kinds of coin-eating machinesD) to go where good service is availablePart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. When Mohammed, a friend of mine from the Middle East, first went to the UnitedKingdom to attend the university, ________ with women in the same class.A) he’s never before studiedB) he couldn’t before studyC) he would never before studyD) he hasn’t before studied42. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it ________before the West was settled.A) hasB) didC) wasD) would43. The cars were ________ because it was impossible to go any further in the fog.A) sacrificedB) transportedC) abandonedD) removed44. The new designs of the Christmas stamps are always waited for with keen________.A) irritationB) predictionC) receptionD) anticipation45. Buck Helm, a retired salesman, survived ________ alive for 90 hours in his car.A) being buriedB) having buriedC) buryingD) to be buried46. We have had to raise our prices because of the increase in the cost of ________materials.A) primitiveB) roughC) originalD) raw47. Indeed, almost every scientist now finds it impossible to read all the works relevantto his own subject, ________ extensively outside of it.A) much more to readB) much less readingC) much less to readD) still more reading48. It is up to the Government to tackle the air pollution problem and ________measures in line with the council’s suggestions.A) set aboutB) work outC) fill upD) bring over49. All that day my father was in ________ as he had lost his wallet.A) great anxietyB) ambitionC) ill humourD) hospitality50. We preferred to postpone the meeting ________ it without the presence of ourpresident.A) rather than holdB) than to holdC) rather than heldD) to holding51. Many people, if not most, ________ literary taste as an elegant accomplishment, byacquiring which they will complete themselves, and make themselves finally fit as members of a correct society.A) look onB) look downC) look inD) look into52. What a good listener is able to do is to process what he hears on the basis of thecontext ________.A) it occurring inB) occurred in itC) occurring in itD) it occurs in53. The car accident was ________ to the driver’s violation of the traffic regulations.A) assignedB) contributedC) attributedD) transferred54. She is a very ________ student. She’s always talking about travelling to outer space.A) imaginaryB) imaginativeC) imaginableD) imagining55. His lectures on Roman history would do credit ________ a real expert.A) inB) toC) ofD) with56. My grandpa gave me a watch, which is made of gold, ________ I keep to this day.A) and thusB) andC) soD) and which57. I have devoted four weekends to writing papers and now I feel I ________ a rest.A) deserveB) preserveC) conceiveD) receive58. I found myself ________ to the spot where the experiment was being performedwhenever I had some time to spare.A) drawsC) drawnD) drew59. The construction of a 5-million-ton iron and steel works is now under ________.A) conclusionB) contributionC) continuationD) consideration60. Mary found it difficult to ________ Jim’s father when he disapproved of theirmarriage.A) stand forB) stand outC) stand byD) stand up to61. President Banda’s background as a doctor has given him ________ into the medicalproblem that face the country.A) a viewB) a visionC) an insightD) a sight62. I wish ________ to Stockholm when I was in Sweden. I hear it’s a beautiful city.A) I wentB) I had goneC) I have goneD) having gone63. He ________ his job in order to engage in full-time writing.A) upheldB) resigned fromC) undertookD) took over64. The west is traditionally the land of the pioneers and the cowboys, where ________could be easily made in cattle or land.B) propertyC) opportunitiesD) treasure65. I didn’t sent out my application form last week, but I ________.A) had toB) should haveC) would doD) might have to66. V ostok is close to the coldest spot in the world, where an ________ minus 128.6 Fwas recorded in 1983.A) unreliableB) extraC) incredibleD) impossible67. It is human nature to think back to a Golden Age ________ one’s country wasstrong and respected.A) whenB) providedC) asD) unless68. I don’t mind a bit if you bring your friends in for a drink, but it is rather too muchwhen sixteen people arrive ________ for dinner.A) unusuallyB) excessivelyC) consequentlyD) unexpectedly69. Faced with all the difficulties, the girl ________ her mother for comfort.A) turned overB) turned fromC) turned toD) turned up70. David is the ________ holder of the world 5,000-meter world record, but there is noguarantee that he will win in the Olympic Games.A) currentB) predominantC) prevailingD) decisivePart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word,add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the correctionsin the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write thecorrect word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put aninsertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in theblank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank. Example:╱. 1. time/times/period Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods╱used for the study of literature as 2. _______\_______ Many of the arguments havinga school subject are valid for ∧study of television. 3. ______the______When you board a plane, a machine may soon be scanning more than your bags—itmatters-it can “learn” what’s (80) important and what isnoperator must patiently correct the computer’s mistakes.Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the title: Motorcycles and City Traffic. You should base your composition onthe following outline (given in Chinese):1. 近年来中国城市中的摩托车2. 摩托车的优点和缺点3. 你对我国城市中摩托车发展前景的看法You must write your composition in no less than 120 words on Composition Sheet and remember to write it in readable handwriting.1993年1月六级参考答案17 / 21 1993年1月六级参考答案Part I1993年1月六级听力原文Section A1. W: Michael, did you go to the lecture on the French Revolution last night? I havenever heard such an interesting history lecture before.M: Yes, wasn’t it marvelous! It is said the lecture is a self-taught man with no university education.Q: What did the man think of the lecture?2. W: I enjoy all kinds of music. What kind of music do you like?M: Folk music had appeared to me very much before I became fascinated with pop music. Now I think nothing can compare with classic music.Q: What kind of music does the man like best?3. M: I want to take the very next flight to Albany.W: Well, the very next one leaves in two hours. It goes to Jacksonville, but you can make a connection to your destination.Q: How can the man get to his destination?4. M: I’m sorry, Madame. The train is somewhat behind the schedule. Take a seatand I’ll tell you as soon as we know something definite.W: Thank you. I’ll just sit here and read the magazine in the meantime.Q: What can you conclude about the train from the conversation?5. M: Prof. David, I was wondering if you could write a recommendation letter forme.W: Well, I can write one for you. But I’ll point out your limitation as well as you strength.Q: What is the woman’s attitude towards writing recommendation?6. M: You haven’t got the date fixed for the job interview yet, have you?W: There is a long waiting list, I have to wait until my name gets to the top.Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?7. M: I like the way you’ve done your hair, dear. It looks so natural and original.W: Thank you. I am surprised you noticed it.Q: What does the conversation tell us?8. M: Jane, I missed Prof. White class yesterday. Could you tell me the homeworkhe assigned us?W: Don’t worry, Prof. White was ill and he postponed the lesson to next Monday.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?9. M: Prof. Jackson, we were wondering if we could sit in your English class?W: I wish I could say “yes”. But if I accepted you two, I wonder how to say “No” to a lot of others who have raised.the same request.Q: What does the professor mean?10. W: Will Richard be coming to the meeting tonight?M: He’s supposed to. But in fact he won’t be back from the vocation until the day after tomorrow.Q: Where is Richard now?Section BPassage OneTwin sister are supposed to be very much alike, are they not? Well, my twin Jane and I do look alike. However, we are different in many ways. We like very different styles of clothing. I prefer to dress informally, whereas my twin sister dresses like a model, always in the latest fashions. We have very similar characters in most ways. I do not get angry and enjoy being with friends. In this respect, my twin sister feels the same. But she likes loud music and modern dances while I find that night clubs give me a headache. She is always with friends, is the favorite of our teachers and never wants to have children, whereas I prefer to be alone at times, don’t really try to impress my teachers and intend some day to have a family of my own. We have tried to live in the same room several times and even agreed on the color we like best and the kind of furniture we wanted. But I like to keep things neat and orderly while my twin sister acts as if there were a servant around to pick up all the things that get thrown on the floor. I like to go to bed early and get up early. In contrast, she doesn’t seem to have any definite habits, often goes to bed very late and then sleeps late the next day.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. What kind of clothes does the speaker like?12. What do the twin sisters have in common?13. Why doesn’t the speaker like living in the same room with her sister?Passage TwoJoe is a student at a college in an open area. During his first two semesters, he did very well and at the beginning of third semester he was admitted to a special medical program. If he completed the program successfully, he would be granted admission to a good medical school. He would be able to study to become a doctor. Joe’s mother and father both have full-time jobs and Joe works part-time at a restaurant to help the family finances.Several weeks ago, Joe’s mother began feeling sharp chest pains. When she went to a doctor, he told her that she would need a heart surgery and would have to give up her job. This would enlarge medical expenses and lose almost half the family income. Joe’s father wants him to drop out of school and go to work full-time to help the family. Joe loves his family very much. But, if he drops out now, he would lose entire semester’s credit and may even lose his place in the premedical program.He doesn’t know what to do. He speaks to his girlfriend Maria who urges him to remain in school since withdraw now would place his entire future in danger. He also speaks to his cousin Carol, who tells him that his first duty is to help his family get through the difficult times.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. When was Joe admitted to the special medical program?15. Why would Joe’s mother give up her job?16. Who advised Joe to give up his studies?17. What is Joe going to do?Passage ThreeA couple of weeks ago, I ran into my boyfriend David for the first time in twenty years. I heard that David had made fortune on the stock market. So I was surprised he wasn’t driving an expensive car, or wearing expensive clothes. As a matter of fact, he looked a lot like me, wearing an inexpensive suit that looked a couple of years old and driving an old car with a little rust the edges. I asked him what he was doing in these years and he said he was teaching business at a local community college. “Teaching business?” I exclaimed. I thought I heard you were in New York, making a fortune in st ocks. David smiled, “Yes, I didn’t that until about five years ago. But I got out. The stress was giving you a stomachache and a bad heart. Besides, once I got into that business, I had to run just to keep up. I did not have any time to spend with my family. We are much happier now.” I shook my head. He had chosen every man’s ambition but he gave it up. I had always dreamed of having money. But it never occurred to me that there might be disadvantages to be in rich.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.。

1996年1月大学英语六级真题试卷(CET-6)Part I Listening comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) The flight has been canceled.B) The plane is late.C) The plane is on time.D) The tickets for this flight have been sold out.2. A) He is not to blame.B) It was his fault.C) He will accept all responsibility.D) He will be more careful next time.3. A) The man is a forgetful person.B) The typewriter is not new.C) The man can have the typewriter later.D) The man misunderstood her.4. A) There will be heavy fog in all areas.B) There will be heavy rain by midnight.C) There will be heavy fog in the east.D) There will be fog in all areas by midnight.5. A) She’s scornful.B) She’s angry.C) She’s sympathetic.D) She’s worried.6. A) He likes the job of a dish-washer because it pays well.B) He thinks it’s important to have a good job from the beginning.C) He hates to be a dish-washer because it’s boring.D) He would work as a dish-washer in summer if he has to.7. A) She must learn to understand John’s humor better.B) She enjoys John’s humor a great deal.C) She doesn’t appreciate John’s humor.D) She thinks John is not funny enough.8. A) Joan may have taken a wrong train.B) Joan will miss the next conference.C) Joan won’t come to the conference.D) Joan may be late for the opening speech.9. A) She has been dismissed for her poor performance.B) She has been fired by the company.C) She has been granted leave for one month.D) She has been offered a new job.10. A) It will last for two weeks.B) It has come to a halt.C) It will end before long.D) It will probably continue.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage oneQuestion 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) She was an office worker.B) She was a physician.C) She was a cleaner.D) She was a social worker.12. A) Because she could not sleep well at night.B) Because she hoped to earn more money.C) Because she could not find a daytime job.D) Because she needed a change and a lighter job.13. A) She works six nights every fortnight.B) She does not take part in social activities in her working days.C) She has been a night nurse in a hospital for about 25 years.D) She is not satisfied with her present job.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) A small town in Britain.B) A new type of jail.C) A labour camp.D) A big gymnasium in Scotland.15. A) Women criminals in Scotland.B) Criminals who are given long sentences.C) Criminals who are given short sentences.D) Criminals in Scotland.16. A) The reward the prisoners get for their work.B) The comfortable accommodation.C) The way the prisoners are treated.D) The officers’ sympathy for the prisoners.17. A) To give the prisoners more freedom.B) To help the prisoners keep their self-respect.C) To help the prisoners develop the sense of independence.D) To turn the prisoners into skilled workers.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) On an airplane.B) Near the terminal building.C) In a coach to the city.D) In the waiting room.19. A) Near the airport hotel.B) At the travelers’ information desk.C) Outside the Customs Hall.D) In the center of the city.20. A) The departure tax they have to pay on their next international flight.B) The distance they have to travel from the airport to the city center.C) The prices the major hotels charge.D) The place where taxis are waiting to be hired.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is following by some questions or unfinished statements-For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Material culture refers to the touchable, material “things”—physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, used—that a culture produces. Examining a culture’s tools and technology can tell us about the group’s history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of “things” in it, of course, are musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870swhen the phonograph was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures it the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictures in art. Through the study of instruments, as well preserved Paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Neat East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near eastern influence to Europe that results in the development of most of the instruments on the symphony orchestra.Sheet music or printed music, too is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in with people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research show mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain, and America, printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole.One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out the influence of the electronic media-radio, record player, tape recorder, television, and videocassette, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This all part of the “information revolution,” a twentieth century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution was in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modem nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the globe.21.Research into the material culture of a nation’s of great importance ________.A) it helps produce new cultural tools and technologyB) it can reflect the development of the nationC) it helps understand the nation’s Fast and presentD) it can demonstrate the nation’s civilization22. It can be learned from this passage that ________.A) the existence of the symphony was attributed to the spread of Near Eastern and Chinese musicB) Near Eastern music had influence on the of the instruments in the symphony orchestraC) the development of the symphony shows the mutual influence of Eastern and Western musicD) the musical instruments in the symphony basis of Near Eastern music23. According to the author, music notation is important because ________.A) it has a great effect on the music-culture as more and more people are able to read itB) it tends to standard folk sings when it is used by folk musiciansC) it is the printed version of standardized folk musicD) it encourages people to popularize printed versions of songs24. It can be concluded from the passage that the introduction of electronic media into the world of music ________.A) has brought about an information revolutionB) has speeded up the arrival of a new generation of computersC) has given rise to new forms of music cultureD) has given to the transformation of traditional musical instruments25. Which of the following best summarized the main idea of the passage?A) Musical instruments developed through the years will sooner later be replaced by computers.B) Music cannot be passed on to future generation unless it is recorded.C) Folk songs cannot spread far unless they are printed on music sheets.D) The development of music culture is highly dependent or its material aspect.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned many of the world’s great writers. Before considering this question, it will useful to introduce some related concepts. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for some thing which is in inadequate supply. Competitors may not be aware of one another, while the parties to a conflict are. Conflict and vice of one another.Opposition is thus contrasted with cooperation, the process by which social entities function in the service of one another. These definitions are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups is inevitable in a world of limited resources, but conflict is not. Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur, and is probably an essential and desirable element of human societies.Many authors have argued for the inevitability of war from the premise that in the struggle for existence among animal species, only the fittest survive. In general, however this struggle in nature’s competition, not conflict. Social animals, such as monkeys and cattle, fight to win or maintain leadership of the group. The struggle for existence occurs not in such fights but in the competition for limited feeding areas and for the occupancy of areas free from meet-eating animals. Those who fail in competition starve to death or become victims to other species. This struggle for existence does not resemble human war, but rather the competition of individuals for jobs, markets, and materials. The essence of the struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are insufficient to satisfy all.Among nations there is competition in developing resources trades, skills, and a satisfactory way of life. The successful nations grow and prosper; the unsuccessful decline. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, it cannot be said that war-like conflict among nations is inevitable, although competition is.26. In the first paragraph, the author gives the definitions of some term in order to ________.A) argue for the similarities between and human societiesB) smooth out the conflicts in human societiesC) distinguish between two kinds of oppositionD) summarize the that characteristic features of opposition and cooperation27. According to the author, competition differs from conflict in that ________.A) it results in war in most casesB) it induces efforts to expand territoryC) it is kind of opposition among aria entitiesD) it is essentially a struggle for existence28. The phrase “function in the disservice of one another” (Para.1) most probably means “________”.A) betray each otherB) harm one anotherC) help to collaborate with each otherD) benefit on another29. The author indicates in the passage that conflict ________.A) is an inevitable struggle resulting from competitionB) reflects the struggle among social animalsC) is an opposition among individual social animalsD) can be avoided30. The passage is probably intended to answer the question “________”.A) Is war inevitable?B) Why is there conflict and competition?C) Is conflict desirable?D) Can competition lead to conflict?Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.As Dr. Samuel Johnson said in a different era about ladies preaching, the surprising thing about computer is not that they think less well than a man, but that they think at all. The early electronic computer did not have much going for it except a marvelous memory and some good math skills. But today the best models can be wired up to learn by experience, follow an argument, ask proper questions and write poetry and write poetry and music. They can also carry on somewhat puzzling conversations. Computers imitate life. As computer get more complex, the imitation getsbetter. Finally, the line between the original and the copy becomes unclear. In another 15 years or so, we will the computer as a new form of life.The opinion seems ridiculous because, for one thing, computers lack the drives and emotions of living creatures. But drives car can be programmed into the computer’s brain just as nature programmed them into our human brains as a part of the equipment for survival.Computers match people in some roles, and when fast decisions are needed in a crisis, they often surpass them. Having evolved when the pace of life was slower, the human brain has an inherent defect that prevents it from absorbing several streams of information simultaneously and acting on them quickly. Throw too many things at the brain one time and it freezes up.We are still control, but the capabilities of computer are increasing at a fantastic rate, while raw human intelligence is changing slowly, if as all. Computer power has increased ten times every eight years since 1946. In the 1990s, when the sixth generation appears, the reasoning power of an intelligence built out of silicon will begin to match that of the human brain.That does not mean the evolution of intelligence has ended on the earth. Judging by the he past, we can expect that a new species will arise out of man, surpassing his achievements those of his predecessor. Only a carbon chemistry enthusiast would assume that the new species must be man’s flesh-and-blood descendants. The new kind of intelligent life is moreI likely to be made of silicon.31. What do you suppose the attitude of Dr. Samuel Johnson towards ladies preaching?A) He believed that ladies were born worse preachers that men.B) He was pleased that ladies could though not as well as men.C) He disapproved of ladies preaching.D) He encouraged ladies to preach.32. Today, computer are still inferior to man in terms of ________.A) decision makingB) drives and feelingsC) growth of reasoning powerD) information absorption33. In terms of making quick decisions, the human brain cannot be compared with the computer because ________.A) in the long process of evolution slow pace of life didn’t require such ability of the computer because brainB) the human brain is influenced by other factors such as motivation and emotionC) the human brain may sometimes freeze up in a dangerous situationD) the evolution of imitate life while the human brain docs not imitatecomputers34. Though he think highly of the development of computer science, the author doesn’t mean that ________.A) computers are likely to become a new form of intelligent lifeB) human beings have lost control of computersC) the intelligence of computers will eventually surpass will that of human beingsD) the evolution of intelligence will probably depend on that of electronic brains35. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A) Future man will be made of silicon instead of flesh and blood.B) Some day it will be difficult to tell a computer from a man.C) The reasoning power of computers has already surpassed that of man.D) Future intelligent life may not necessarily be made of organic matter. Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Video recorders and photocopiers, even ticket machines on the railways, often seem unnecessarily difficult to use. Last December I bought myself a Video cassette recorder (VCR) described as “simple to use”. In the first three weeks I failed repeatedly to program the machine to record from the TV, and after months of practice I still made mistakes. I am not alone. According to a survey last year by Ferguson, the British manufacturer, more than one in four VCR owners never use the timer on their machines to record a programme: they don’t use it because they’ve found it far too hard to operate.So why do manufacturers keep on designing and producing VCRS that are awkward to use if the problems are so obvious?First, the problems we notice are not obvious to technically minded designers with years of experience and trained to understand how appliances work. Secondly, designers tend to add one or two features at a time to each model, whereas you or I face all a machine’s features at once. Thirdly, although find problems in a finished product is easily, it is too late by then to do anything about the design. Finally, if manufacturers can get away with selling products that are difficult to use it, it is not worth the effort of any one of them to make improvements. Some manufacturers say they concentrate on providing a wide range of features rather than on making the machines easy to use. But that gives rise to the question, “why can’t you have features that are easy to use?”The answer is you can.Good design practice is a mixture of specific procedures and general principles. For a start, designers should build an original model of the machine and try it out on typical members of the public-not on colleagues in the development laboratory. Simple pubic trials would quickly reveal many design mistakes. In an ideal world, there would be some ways of controlling quality such as that the VCR must be redesigned repeatedlyuntil, say, 90 percent of users can work 90 per cent of the features correctly 90 per cent of the time.36. The author had trouble operating his VCR because ________.A) he had neglected the importance of using the timerB) the machine had far more technical features than necessaryC) he had set about using it without proper trainingD) its operation was far more difficult than the designer intended it to be31. According to the author, manufacturers ________.A should add more useful features to their machinesB) often fail to make their products easy to useC) should make their appliances as attractive as possibleD) often fail provide proper training in the use of their products38.It seems that manufacturers will remain reluctant to make improvements unless ________.A) they can do so as a very low costB) they find their machines hard to operateC) they have difficulty selling their productsD) they receive a lot of complaints about their machines39. According to the passage before a VCR is cold on the market, its original model should be tried out ________.A) among ordinary consumers who are not technically mindedB) among people who are technically mindedC) among experienced technicians and potential usersD) among people who are in charge of public relations40. One of the reasons why VCRs are so difficult to use is that ________.A) the designers are often insensitive to the operational complexities of their machinesB) the range of features provided is unlimitedC) there is no ideal way of controlling qualityD) their designers often ignore the complaints of their usesPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this pert. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.41. The police accused him of setting fire to the building but the denied ________ in the area on the night of the fire.A) to beB) to have beenC) having beenD) be42. The schoolmaster ________ the girl’s bravery in his opening speech.A) applaudedB) enhancedC) elevatedD) clapped43. The place did not appear to be popular, for it was completely deserted, and in any case ________ to traffic.A) inadequateB) inaccessibleC) incompatibleD) insignificant44. One of the requirements for a fire is that the material ________ to its burning temperature.A) is heatedB) will be heatedC) be heatedD) would be heated45. The secret agent concealed her mission, therefore many local people were ________ was a good person.A) betrayedB) drivenC) deceivedD) convinced46. Why this otherwise excellent newspaper allows such an article to be printed ________ is me.A) aboveB) outsideC) besideD) beyond47. When business is ________, there is usually an obvious increase in unemployment.A) degradedB) depressedC) reducedD) lessened48. As far as the rank of concerned an associate profess is ________ to a professor though they are almost equally knowledgeable.A) attachedB) subsidiaryC) previousD) inferior49. This book will show the readers ________ can be used in other contexts.A) how that they have observedB) that how they have observedC) how what they have observedD) that they have observed50. The plane ________, its exploding as it hit the ground.A) smashedB) crushedC) plungedD) crashed51. He believed that the greatest of his ________ was that he’d never had a college education.A) grievesB) misfortunesC) disastersD) sorrows52. ________ your opinions are worth considering, the committee finds it unwise to place too much importance on them.A) AsB) SinceC) ProvidedD) While53. That local government leaders are making every effort to ________ the problem of poverty.A) abolishB) tackleC) removeD) encounter54. Although Asian countries are generally more ________ in social customs than Western countries, there have several to notable examples of women in both China and India.A) conservativeB) confidentialC) comprehensiveD) consistent55. ________ the claim about German economic might, it is somewhat surprising how relatively small the German economy actually is.A) To giveB) GivenC) GivingD) Having given56. Although the two players are in the tennis court, they are really good friends ________.A) partnersB) enemiesC) rivalsD) companions57. The girl was ________ a shop assistant; she is now a manager ina large department store.A) preliminarilyB) presumablyC) formallyD) formerly58. I don’t think this question is subordinate ________ the main aim of our company.A) withB) toC) forD) on59. While admitting that this forecast was ________ uncertain, the scientists warned against treating it as a cry of wolf.A) anyhowB) somewhereC) somewhatD) anyway60. The United States is trying to ________ the problems created by the energy crisis.A) put up withB) submit toC) comply withD) cope with61. Some people viewed the findings with caution, noting that a cause relationship between passive smoking and cancer remains ________.A) to be shownB) to have shownC) to have been shownD) being shown62. The economic crises in that country have threatened the ________ of the government.A) stabilityB) capabilityC) persistenceD) permanence63. Although most birds have only a negligible sense of smell they have ________ vision.A) vigorousB) exactC) acuteD) vivid64. Rebecca ________ me earlier if she did not like her house she bought last month.A) toldB) would tellC) had toldD) would have told65. By moving the radar beam around slowly in circles, we can ________ the surroundings.A) exploreB) exposeC) exploitD) expand66. The Washington Monument is a hollow shaft without a break ________ its surface except for the tiny entrance.A) inB) withC) fromD) to67. The traffic police were searching for evidence to prove the accused man’s ________, but in vain.A) mistakeB) guiltC) faultD) defeat68. The world’s greatest sporting event, the Olympic Games, upholds the amateur ideal that ________ matters is not winning but participating.A) anythingB) itC) whatD) everything69. Very few scientists ________ completely new answers to the world’s problems.A) come up withB) come outC) come roundD) come up to70. The polite are suspicious ________ his words because he already has a record.A) toB) atC) onD) ofPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, crossit out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods╱. 1. time/times/periodMany of the arguments having╱ used for the study of literature as 2. _______\_______a school subject are valid for ∧study of television. 3. ______the______Most studies suggest that when women and men do the same job and have the experience, pay rates tend to be similar. Most of the dollar differences stem from fact that (71) women tend to be more recently employed and have more (72) years on the job. Whether women who have started a career will attain pay equality with men rest on at least two factors. (73) First, will most of them continue part time at their jobs after (74) they have children? A break in their employment, or a decision (75) to work part time, will slow its raises and promotions because it would for men. Second, will male-dominated (76) companies elevate women to higher-paid jobs at the different (77) rate as they elevate men? On some fields, this had clearly not (78) happened. Many men, for example, have committed their (79) lives to teaching careers, yet relative few have become (80) principals or headmasters.Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Why I Take the College English Test Band 6? You should write at least 120 words and you should abase your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1. 有人认为没有必要参加大学英语六级考试(简称CET-6)2. 我参加CET-6考试的理由Why I Take the College English Test Band 6?1996年1月六级参考答案Part I1. B2. A3. A4. D5. C6. D7. C8. D9. B 10. D11. C 12. D 13. B 14. B 15. A16. C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. APart II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D。

1994年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷及参考答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked aboutwhat was said. Both the conversation and the question willbe spoken only once. After each question there will be apause. During the pause, you must read the four suggestedanswers marked A)，B)，C), and D) and decide which is thebest answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) At home.B) In a phone box.C) In her office.D) In a friend’s house.2. A) On the west side of a square.B) At the end of a street.C) To the east of the traffic light.D) On the east side of a square.3. A) She has to change the time for the trip.B) She hasn’t decided where to go next month.C) She can’t afford the time for the trip.D) She will manage to leave this month.4. A) The apartment is better furnished.B) She prefers to live in a quiet place.C) It’s less expensive to live in an apartment.D) She finds her roommates difficult to get along with.5. A) In a hospital.B) In a library.C) In a travel agency.D) In a restaurant.6. A) Customer and salesperson.B) Teacher and student.C) Boss and secretary.D) Guest and waitress.7. A) He didn’t buy anything.B) He got some medicine for his foot.C) He was sick and couldn’t go shopping.D) He bought everything except the football.8. A) Teachers like Professor Janson are rare.B) Professor Janson has won a million dollars.C) Professor Janson is lucky to be teaching at that school.D) There are many teachers as good as Professor Janson.9. A) She didn’t know her daughter could sing so well.B) She sings better than her daughter.C) She doesn’t like her daughter.D) She herself doesn’t have a good voice.10. A) He finds history books difficult to understand.B) He has to read a lot of history books.C) He doesn’t like the history course.D) He has lost his history book.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) At night.B) At noon.C) In the morning.D) In the afternoon.12. A) About Germans on strike.B) About a new-type airplane.C) About an air crash.D) About rescue workers in UK Motors.13. A) They wanted higher pay.B) They wanted fewer working hours.C) They wanted better working conditions.D) They wanted an annual three-week holiday.14. A) Rainy.B) Warm.C) Cold.D) Changeable.Passage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A) He has always lived in America.B) He has been in America for three years.C) He visited America three years ago.D) He has come to America to do research on advertising.16. A) There were far more advertisements there than he had expected.B) The advertisements there were well designed.C) The advertisements there were creative and necessary.D) He found the advertisements there difficult to understand.17. A) Be more careful about what they advertise.B) Spend less money on advertising.C) Advertise more for their products.D) Use new advertising techniques.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) He is always in a hurry.B) He is quick in making decisions.C) He is always the first to arrive at the airport.D) He usually doesn’t get the reward he deserves.19. A) He misses his flight.B) He can find a good seat.C) He leaves the airport first at the end of the trip.D) His luggage comes out last.20. A) He was told to board the wrong plane.B) He was not allowed to board the plane.C) He arrived at the airport without a ticket.D) He found it difficult to explain why he arrived so early.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There are desert plants which survive the dry season in the form of inactive seeds. There are also desert insects which survive as inactive larvae (幼虫). In addition, difficult as it is to believe, there are desert fish which can survive through years of drought (干旱) in the form of inactive eggs. These are the shrimps (小虾) that live in the Mojave Desert, an intensely dry region in the south-west of the United States where shade temperatures of over 50C are often recorded.The eggs of the Mojave shrimps are the size and have the appearance of grains of sand. When sufficient spring rain falls to form a lake, once every two to five years, these eggs hatch (孵化). Then the water is soon filled with millions of tiny shrimps about a millimetre long which feed on tiny plant and animal organisms which also grow in the temporary desert lake. Within a week, the shrimps grow from their original 1 millimetre to a length of about 1.5 centimetres.Throughout the time that the shrimps are rapidly maturing, the water in the lake equally rapidly evaporates. Therefore, for the shrimps it is a race against time. By the twelfth day, however, when they are about 3 centimetre long, hundreds of tiny eggs form on the underbodies of the females. Usually by this time, all that remains of the lake is a large, muddy patch of wet soil. On the thirteenth day and the next, during the final hours of their brief lives, the shrimps lay their eggs in the mud. Then, having ensured that their species will survive, the shrimps die as the last of the water evaporates.If sufficient rain falls the next year to form another lake, the eggs hatch, and once again the shrimps pass rapidly through their cycle of growth, adulthood, egg-laying, and death. Some years there is insufficient rain to form a lake: in this case, the eggs will remain dormant for another years, or even longer if necessary. Very, very occasionally, perhaps twice in a hundred years, sufficient rain falls to form a deep lake that lasts a month or more. In this case, the species passes through two cycles of growth, egg-laying, and death. Thus, on such occasions, the species multiplies considerably, which further ensures its survival.21. Which of the following is the MOST distinctive feature of Mojaveshrimps?A) Their lives are brief.B) They feed on plant and animal organisms.C) Their eggs can survive years of drought.D) They lay their eggs in the mud.22. By saying “for the shrimps it is a race against time” (Para. 3,line 2) the author means ________.A) they have to swim fast to avoid danger in the rapidlyevaporating lakeB) they have to swim fast to catch the animal organisms on whichthey surviveC) they have to multiply as many as possible within thirteen daysD) they have to complete their life cycle within a short span oftime permitted by the environment23. The passage mainly deals with ________.A) the life span of the Mojave shrimpsB) the survival of desert shrimpsC) the importance of water to lifeD) life in the Mojave Desert24.The word “dormant” (Para. 4, Line 3) most probably means ________.A) inactiveB) strongC) alertD) soft25. It may be inferred from the passage that ________.A) appearance and size are most important for life to survive inthe desertB) a species must be able to multiply quickly in order to surviveC) for some species one life cycle in a year is enough to survivethe desert droughtD) some species develop a unique life pattern to survive inextremely harsh conditionsQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Opportunities for rewarding work become fewer for both men and women as they grow older. After age 40, job hunting becomes even more difficult. Many workers stay at jobs they are too old for rather than face possible rejection. Our youth-oriented, throw-away culture sees little value in older people. In writer Lilian Hellman’s words, they have “the wisdom that comes with age that we can’t make use of. “Unemployment and economic need for work is higher among older women, especially minorities, than among younger white women. A national council reports these findings: though unemployed longer when seeking work, older women job-hunt harder, hold a job longer with less absenteeism (缺勤), perform as well or better, are more reliable, and are more willing to learn than men or younger women. Yet many older women earn poor pay and face a future of poverty in their retirement years. When “sexism meets ageism, poverty is no longer on the doorstep it moves in,” according to Tish Sommers, director of a special study on older women for the National Organization for Women.Yet a 1981 report on the White House Conference on Aging shows that as a group, older Americans are the “wealthiest, best fed, best housed, healthiest, most self-reliant older population in our history. “This statement is small comfort to those living below the poverty line, but it does explode some of the old traditional beliefs and fears. Opportunities for moving in and up in a large company may shrink but many older people begin successful small businesses, volunteer in satisfying activities, and stay active for many years. They have fewrole models because in previous generations the life span was much shorter and expectations of life were fewer. They are ploughing new ground.Employers are beginning to recognize that the mature person can bring a great deal of stability and responsibility to a position. One doesn’t lose ability and experience on the eve of one’s 65th or 70th birthday any more than one grows up instantly at age 21.26. After the age of 40, ________.A) most workers are tired of their present jobsB) many workers tend to stick their present jobsC) people find their jobs more rewarding than beforeD) people still wish to hunt for more suitable jobs27. From Heilman’s remark, we can see that ________.A) full use has been made of the wisdom of older peopleB) the wisdom of older people is not valued by American societyC) older people are no less intelligent than young peopleD) the wisdom of older people is of great value to American society28. Tish Sommers argues that ________.A) older women find it hard to escape povertyB) older women usually perform better in their jobsC) the major cause of the poverty of older women is sexismD) more people have come to believe in sexism and ageism29. According to the third paragraph, it can be seen that olderAmericans ________.A) have more job opportunities than young peopleB) live below the poverty lineC) have new opportunities to remain active in societyD) no longer believe in the promise of a happy life upon retirement30. It can be concluded from the passage that the writer ________.A) calls attention to the living conditions of older AmericansB) believes that value of older people is gaining increasingrecognitionC) attempts to justify the youth-oriented, throw-away culture ofthe United StatesD) argues people should not retire at the age of 65 or 70Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.The most exciting kind of education is also the most personal. Nothing can exceed the joy of discovering for yourself something that is important to you! It may be an idea or a bit of information you come across accidentally—or a sudden insight, fitting together pieces of information or working through a problem. Such personal encounters are the “payoff” in education. A teacher may direct you to learning and even encourage you in it—but no teacher can make the excitement or the joy happen. That’s up to you.A research paper, assigned in a course and perhaps checked at various stages by an instructor, leads you beyond classroom, beyond the texts for classes and into a process where the joy of discovery and learning can come to you many times. Preparing the research paper is an active and individual process, and ideal learning process. It provides a structure within which you can make exciting discoveries, of knowledge and of self, that are basic to education. But the research paper also gives you a chance to individualize a school assignment, to suit a piece of work to your own interests and abilities, to show others what you can do. Writing a research paper is more than just a classroom exercise. It is an experience in searching out, understanding and synthesizing, which forms the basis of many skills applicable to both academic and nonacademic tasks. It is, in the fullest sense, a discovering, an education. So, to produce a good research paper is both a useful and a thoroughly satisfying experience!To some, the thought of having to write an assigned number of pages, often more than ever produced before, is disconcerting. To others, the very idea of having to work independently is threatening. But there is no need to approach the research paper assignment with anxiety, and nobody should view the research paper as an obstacle to overcome. Instead, consider it a goal to accomplish, a goal within reach if you use the help this book can give you.31. According to the writer, personal discoveries ________.A) will give one encouragement and directionB) are helpful in finding the right informationC) are the most valuable part of one’s personal educationD) will help one to successfully complete school assignments32. It can be inferred from the passage that writing a research papergives one chances ________.A) to fully develop one’s personal abilitiesB) to use the skills learnt in the classroomC) to prove that one is a productive writerD) to demonstrate how well one can accomplish school assignment33. From the context, the word “disconcerting” (Para. 3, Line 2) mostprobably means ________.A) misleadingB) embarrassingC) stimulatingD) upsetting34. The writer argues in the passage that ________.A) one should explore new areas in researchB) one should trust one’s own ability to meet course requirementsC) one should consider research paper writing a pleasure, not aburdenD) one should use all one’s knowledge and skills when doingresearch35. What will probably follow this passage?A) How to write a research paper.B) The importance of research in education.C) How to make new discoveries for oneself.D) The skill of putting pieces of information together.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.In our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of “mastery”—feeling important and worth-while-and the sources of what we call a sense “pleasure”-finding life enjoyable-are not always identical. Women often are told “You can’t have it all.” Sometimes what the speaker really is saying is: “You chose a career, so you can’t expect to have close r relationships or a happy family life.” or “You have a wonderful husband and children—What’s all this about wanting a career?” But women need to understand and develop both aspects of well-being, if they are to feel good about themselves.Our study shows that, for women, well-being has two dimensions. One is mastery, which includes self-esteem (自尊), a sense of control over your life, and low levels of anxiety and depression. Mastery is closely related to the “doing” side of life, to work and activity. Pleasure is the other dimensions, and it is composed of happiness, satisfaction and optimism (乐观). It is tied more closely to the “feeling” side oflife. The two are independent of each other. A woman could be high in mastery and low in pleasure, and vice versa. For example, a woman who has a good job, but whose mother has just died, might be feeling very good about herself and in control of her work life, but the pleasure side could be damaged for a time.The concepts of mastery and pleasure can help us identify the sources of well-being for women, and remedy past mistakes. In the past, women were encouraged to look only at the feeling side of life as the source of all well-being. But we know that both mastery and pleasure are critical. And mastery seems to be achieved largely through work. In our study, all the groups of employed women rated significantly higher in mastery than did women who were not employed.A woman’s well-being is enhanced (增进) when she takes on multiple roles. At least by middle adulthood, the women who were involved in a combination of roles-marriages, motherhood, and employment were the highest in well-being, despite warnings about stress and strain.36. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that ________.A) for women, a sense of “mastery” is more important than a senseof “pleasure”B) for women, a sense of “pleasure” is more important than asense of “mastery”C) women can’t have a sense of “mastery” and a sense of“pleasure” at the same timeD) a sense of “mastery” and a sense of “pleasure” are bothindispensable to women37. The author’s attitude towards women having a career is ________.A) criticalB) positiveC) neutralD) realistic38. One can conclude from the passage that if a woman takes on severalsocial roles, ________.A) it will be easier for her to overcome stress and strainB) she will be more successful in her careerC) her chances of getting promoted will be greaterD) her life will be richer and more meaningful39.Which of the following can be identified as a source of “pleasure”for women?A) Family lifeB) Regular employmentC) Multiple roles in societyD) Freedom from anxiety40. The most appropriate title for the passage would be ________.A) The well-being of Career WomenB) Sources of Mastery and PleasureC) Two Aspects of Women’s Well-BeingD) Freedom Roles Women in SocietyPart III Vocabulary and Structure (35 minutes)41. He has ________ strange hobbies like collecting bottle tops andinventing secret codes.A) gone onB) gone in forC) gone withD) gone through with42. Of all the soldiers they had the ________ of being the fiercest,the most patriotic, the toughest.A) recognitionB) reservationC) recreationD) reputation43. Why didn’t you tell me you could lend me the money? I ________ itfrom the bank.A) haven’t needed to borrowB) will not need to borrowC) needn’t have borrowedD) didn’t need to borrow44. Advanced computer technology has ________ an answer to accurateweather forecasting.A) set upB) come up withD) faced up to45. I stared into the blackness and wondered if he was as aware of mypresence as ________.A) I was of hisB) I was of himC) I did of himD) I did of his46. They are sure they have all the facts they need to ________ theexistence of a black hole.A) obtainB) maintainC) verifyD) display47. The new tourist hotel will have ________ for more than one thousandpeople.A) convenienceB) accommodationsC) capabilityD) capacities48.Medical doctors sometimes can make mistakes that will cost ________.A) patients their livesB) patient livesC) patients for their livesD) patients with their lives49. He had been completely exhausted but felt considerably ________after a meal and a rest.A) renewedB) recreatedC) reshapedD) refreshed50. His intelligence and experience will enable him to ________ thecomplicated situation.B) settle downC) intervene inD) interfere with51. At last she left her house and got to the airport, only ________the plane flying away.A) having seenB) to have seenC) sawD) to see52. He obviously displays a great ________ for some of your poems.A) consentB) admirationC) respectD) pleasure53. This law ________ the number of accidents caused by childrenrunning across the road when they get off the bus.A) intending to reduceB) intends reducingC) intended reducingD) is intended to reduce54. The fire must have ________ after the staff had gone home.A) broken downB) broken upC) broken outD) broken off55. Humidity is so intense in some parts of the tropics that Europeansfind they are unable to ________ it.A) maintainB) persistC) endureD) sustain56. The sight of a sick horse being driven along the streets of thevillage remained ________ him for weeks.A) ofB) onC) toD) with57. A series of border incidents would ________ lead the two countriesto war.A) inevitablyB) consistentlyC) uniformlyD) persistently58. They tried to restrict access to ________ they believed to bedangerous areas.A) whatB) whichC) thatD) everywhere59. If each manager makes his usual speech, the meeting will be________ for forty-five minutes.A) expandedB) prolongedC) delayedD) exceeded60. It was only after some progress ________ in the use and developmentof electric current that men began to realize the importance and possibilities of magnetism.A) was madeB) would have been madeC) has been madeD) had been made61. The weatherman broadcasts the ________ in temperature twice a day.A) diversionB) variationC) varietyD) modification62. I seem to have reached a rather gloomy conclusion, but I think thatsomething cheerful may still be derived ________ it.A) ofB) offC) fromD) with63. Animals can become unusually ________ when they are upset by asudden environmental change.A) puzzledB) predominantC) vigorousD) aggressive64. In no circumstances can more work be got out of a machine than________.A) is put into itB) to put it into itC) to be put into itD) that puts into it65. The winning team loudly ________ its victory.A) magnifiedB) proclaimedC) signifiedD) exclaimed66. Last year, these ships transported a total of 83.34 million tons ofcargo, a 4.4 per cent increase ________ the previous year.A) overB) thanC) upD) beyond67. With an eighty-hour week and little enjoyment, life must have beenvery ________ for the nineteenth-century factory workers.A) hostileB) anxiousC) tediousD) obscure68. The Second World War, ________ the earlier one of 1914, promotedpublic concern about the physical and intellectual well-being of the country’s human resources.A) so asB) as wereC) as didD) same as69. Louis was asked to ________ the man who stole her purse.A) confirmB) recognizeC) claimD) identify70. The bus that ________ outside the inn would soon take the visitorsdowntown.A) held backB) pulled upC) got downD) set forthPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line.You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word.Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanksprovided. If you change a word, cross it out and write thecorrect word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word,put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write themissing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross itand put a slash (/) in the blank.Example:╱. 1.Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periodstime/times/periodMany of the arguments having╱ used for the study of literature as 2._______\_______a school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. 3.______the______When we consider the comfortable circumstances of a working family today, the life of the working man in 1882 seems miserable indeed. But earlier it had been even hard. At the beginning of the (71) nineteenth century working hours were from sunrise to sunset, pay was awful, and working conditions being poor and dangerous. (72)The working man had little schooling beyond his craft, and there was little hope that their children would have (73) nothing better. There were no public schools, and besides, the few (74) pennies which the children could earn needed to help support the (75) family, if he was present because of sickness, there was often no (76) job from him when he returned. Since there were always plenty of (77) other workers to take his job, he was likely to be hired if he asked (78) for more pay.Viewed against today’s standards, the attitude of the nineteenth-century factory owners seems incredible. They believed that was good business to hire men, women and children as cheaply (79) as possible, make them to work as they could and, when (80) they became inefficient, worn out, or unable to work for any reason, discharge them.Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic We Need to Broaden Our Knowledge.You should write no less than 120 words and you should baseyour composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1. 科学技术是社会发展所不可缺少的2. 社会科学和自然科学相互渗透3. 现代大学生需要广博的知识Remember to write your composition coherently and neatly.1994年1月六级参考答案Part IPart IIPart III（注：可编辑下载，若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢!）。