Unit 8 Focus on Global Warming
Text comprehension
I. A
II. 1. T; 2. T; 3. F; 4. F; 5. F.
III.
1. Paragraph
2. Because global warming may be the single largest threat to our planet（the earth）. Low-lying nations could be awash in seawater, rain and drought patterns across the world could change, hurricanes could become more frequent, and El Ninos could become more intense.
2. Paragraph
3. Our factories, power plants, and cars burn coal and gasoline and spit out carbon dioxide, produce methane by allowing our trash to decompose in landfills and by breeding large herds of methane-belching cattle, and release nitrogen oxide by using nitrogen-based fertilizers.
3. Paragraph
4. The increased concentrations of greenhouse gases prevent additional thermal radiation from leaving the Earth, so cause the global warming.
4. Paragraph 7. A slight increase in heat and rain in equatorial regions would increase vector-borne带菌媒介引起的diseases such as malaria; more intense rains and hurricanes could cause more severe flooding and more deaths in coastal regions and along riverbeds; even a moderate rise in sea level could threaten the low-lying islands; hotter summers could lead to more cases of heatstroke, hospital admissions and deaths among vulnerable people with heart problems or respiratory problems.
5. Paragraph 8 and 10. We can curb our consumption of fossil fuels and use technologies to reduce the emission of heat-trapping gases like carbon二氧化碳dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxides, and protect the forests in the world, and we can also advocate policies that will combat global warming over the long term, things like clean cars, environmentally responsible renewable energy technologies, and stopping the clear-cutting of valuable forests.
IV.
1. Global warming will probably be the most serious threat to our Earth, if we do not take into account of some other possible disasters, such as another world war, collision of our Earth with some small orbiting planet, or spread of incurable diseases.
2. In terms of human health, the people of the poorer countries will suffer most, because their countries do not have money to protect them when climate changes.
Structural analysis
Sub-ideas in the second part.
1) the causes of the rising concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (Paragraphs 3 and 4)
2) the effect of such concentration on climate change (Paragraphs 5 and 6)
3) the potential threat of global warming to human health and survival (Paragraph 7)
Part one. Vocabulary
1 Phrase
1. with the exception of: except, apart from 除……之外，不包括……在内
2. In essence = essentially, basically 本质上，根本上
3. wherever possible: whenever it is possible 只要可能
4. over the long term: over a long period 从长远看
5. alternative = substitutable, different, replaceable
II.
1. focus;
2. much the same;
3. consciousness;
4. threat;
5. deserved;
6. decomposed;
7. revealed;
8. frequent.
III. Word derivation
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.
1. Her natural good sense was improved by the perusal (peruse) of the best books.
2. Efforts to reach the injured men have been intensified (intense) because of a sudden deterioration of weather conditions.
3. I knew he deserved to be punished but making him stay in every night for a year is a little excessive (excess).
4. Theories of the origin of life are partly speculative (speculate), since there is so little direct evidence available.
5. This is a book that contains an abundance (abundant) of valuable information.
6. The cost of the flights, accommodation and car rental is two thousand dollars inclusive (include).
7. When an iron object is heated in a fire, it glows red and emits (emission) radiation.
8. We hardly ever go into London. Whatever we need we can buy locally (local).
1. peruse v. 熟读，精读
perusal n. 熟读，精读；仔细研究
e.g. 他每天都要读各种报纸。He perused the newspapers every day.
2. intense a. 强烈的，剧烈的，热烈的
intensify v. 增强，强化；加剧
intensive n. 强烈的；密集的
intensification n. 增强，加强，强化
e.g. 我的工作非常紧张，以至于我没有时间休息。My work is so intense that I even have no time to take a rest.
我的初次失败更坚定了我成功的信念。My first failure only intensified my desire to succeed.
我们有十天的强化训练。We have ten days of intensive training.
3. excess a. 过量的，额外的
excessive a. 过多的，过分的
e.g. 这个胖男孩节制饮食以减轻过量的体重。The fat boy went on a diet to get rid of his excess weight.
4. speculate v. 推测，好奇
speculation n. 沉思，推测；投机
speculative a. 推测的，推理的；投机的
speculator n. 投机者，投机商人
e.g. 我猜想的全错了。My speculations proved totally wrong.
他是一个冷酷的投机者。He is a ruthless speculator.
5. abundant a. 丰富的，充裕的
abundance n. 丰富，充裕
abundantly ad. 大量地，丰富地
e.g. 今年的农产品很丰富。The agricultural commodities are abundant this year.
这个国家拥有丰富的资源。This country has an abundance of valuable resources.
6. include v. 包括，包含
including prep. 包含，包括
inclusive a. 包含……在内的，包罗广泛的
e.g. 账单中包含服务费。The bill includes service.
他们有很多宠物，狗就有三只。They have many pets, including three dogs.
7. emission n. 散发；发射
emit v. 发出，放射；吐露
e.g. 干酪散发出强烈的气味。The cheese was emitting a strong smell.
8. local a. 地方性的；当地的，局部的
locally ad. 在本地，在当地
e.g. 当地大多数的居民靠打渔为生。Most of the local population depend on fishing for their income.
IV.
1. A;
2. D;
3. B;
4. C;
5. D;
6. A;
7. C;
8. A.
V. Synonym / Antonym
Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.
1. Global warming results primarily from human activities that release heat-trapping gases and particles into the air.
Synonym: mainly, basically, firstly
2. Fortunately, we can take actions to slow down global warming.
Antonym: unfortunately, unluckily
3. The most important causes include the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, gas, and oil, and deforestation.
Antonym: exclude
4. Twenty-five years ago if you made a trip to the library and perused the periodical section for articles on global warming, you’d p robably have come up with only a few abstracts from hardcore science journals or maybe a blurb in some esoteric geopolitical magazine.
Synonym: part, division
5. That’s an increase of roughly 1°C every 4,000 years.
Antonym: decrease, lowering
6. Much of the available climate data appear to back these fears.
Antonym: unavailable
7. All across the globe, hotter summers could lead to more cases of heat stroke and deaths among those who are vulnerable, such as older people with heart problems.
Synonym: weak, insecure, unsafe
8. … things like clean cars that run on alternative fuels, environmentally responsible renewable energy technologies, and stopping the clear-cutting of valuable forests.
Antonym: irresponsible
VI. Prefix
Write in each space one word that has the same prefix as underlined in each given word.
1. centigrade centimeter
2. kilogram kilometer
3. synopsis synthetic
4. supervise superior
5. submarine submerge
6. astronaut astronomy
7. microbiology microwave
8. overwork overload
1. Explanation:
centi-: one hundredth
e.g. centigram, centiliter, centimeter
2. Explanation:
kilo-: one thousand
e.g. kilowatt, kilobyte, kilohertz
3. Explanation:
syn-: synonymous
e.g. synonym, synonymy, synchronous
4. Explanation:
super-: extremely, more or better than normal
e.g. superhuman, supercomputer, superconductor, superego
5. Explanation:
sub-: below; less than; under
e.g. sub-zero, subway, subset
6. Explanation:
astro-: connected with the stars or outer space
e.g. astrophysics, astrology, astronomer
7. Explanation:
micro-: small; on a small scale
e.g. microchip, micro-organism, microbe, microcosm
8. Explanation:
over-: more than usual; too much
e.g. overconfident, overanxious, over-optimistic
II Grammar Exercises
1. The present perfect tense vs. the simple past tense
The simple past refers to the definite past. The present perfect refers to “the past with present relevance.” The action or state denoted by the present perfect tense, though referring to some indefinite happening in the past, has some connection with the present. Hence, if an action or state happened in the past and has no connection with the present, it will have to be expressed by the simple past.
Compare: His father has been a teacher all his life. (His father is still alive.)
His father was a teacher all his life. (His father is now dead.)
I. Complete the following sentences using the appropriate verb forms.
1. began / / have had
2. A: Have // talked
B: Have talked // talked
3. He __has invented__ (invent) hundreds of things. He is one of the most productive inventors of our generation.
4. have // telephoned // went
5. have been
6. has got (gotten)
7. has been
8. have forgotten
9. A: Is your father at home?
B: No, I’m afra id he ___has gone____ (go) out.
A: When exactly __did he go___ (he, go) out?
B: About ten minutes ago.
10. was // has disappeared.
II.
III.
1. a. simple p resent form; b. “has obtained”.
2. synonymous a. the speaker’s point of view;b. the listener’s perspective.
3. a. definite; b. indefinite
4. a. still suffering; b. past
5. a. on the way or in Italy; b. left Italy.
6. a. in the morning; b. after the morning
7. a. today is not finished and he may drink more; b. simply happened today.
8. a. passed away; b. still living.
IV.
1. have had -- have
2. have been – be
3. laying – lying
4. bore – bear
5. Rang -- Rung
6. rised – risen
7. had – has
2. Connectives (because, as, since, seeing that, for, because of)
Because is generally used when the reason is the most important part of the sentence.
As and since are used when the reason is already well known, or is less important than the rest of the sentence. Since is a little more formal than as. As and since clauses often begin the sentence. Clauses of cause-result are introduced by because or as.
Seeing that means the same as since. It is used only in informal speech.
For suggests that the reason is given as an afterthought. For clauses never come at the beginning of the sentence.
The phrase because of is a prepositional phrase, and should be followed by a noun or a noun phrase.
V. Fill in the blanks with because, as, since, seeing that, for or because of.
1. As / Since
2. I’m very sorry but I can’t come to work today __because / as___ I’ve caught a very bad cold.
3. __As / Since / Seeing that____ there is considerable evidence that violence on television may be a contributory factor in the increase of hooliganism, the Independent Television Authority has withdrawn its serial on famous crimes.
4. because
5. because of
6. As / Since
7. for
8. as / because
9. because of
10. In the past insurance companies were often criticized by the public ___for___ delaying payment on claims.
VI.
1. As far as … concerned, ….
2. According to ….
Part three. Translation exercises
I.
1. 到因特网上查一查就可以证明，全球变暖这个主题在公众意识中已经和麦当娜和微波炉一样根深蒂固了。
2. 如果我们不限制温室气体的排放，低地国家就可能会遭到海水的冲刷，全世界雨水和干旱的规律就可能发生变化，飓风可能会更加频繁，厄尔尼诺现象也可能更为严重。
3. 我们还主张实施有关政策，与全球变暖现象进行长期斗争，如驾驶使用替代燃料的清洁汽车、采用有利于环境保护的可再生能源技术，以及阻止滥伐宝贵的森林。
4. 这个问题需要所有的人——包括各国政府、工业界、社团，以及个人的协同合作，才会有真正的改观。
II.
1. 经过几个月的讨价还价，这两家公司最后达成了一个解决方案，这个方案实质上就是我们最初的建议。（come up with）
Translation:
After months of negotiation, the two companies finally came up with a solution, which was in essence our original proposal.
2. The people of that African tribe worship the moon in much the same way that our ancestors worshipped the sun.
3. 四千多年前古埃及金字塔是如何建成的至今还是个谜。有些人猜测它们是外星人造的。（speculate）
Translation:
It is still a puzzle as to how the ancient Egyptian pyramids were built over 4,000 years ago. Some people speculate that they were built by supernatural beings.
4. 非法使用劣质建筑材料最终导致了宾馆的倒塌。（result in）
Translation:
The illegal use of inferior building materials eventually resulted in the collapse of the hotel. 5．当前，许多国家正纷纷采取行动，缓解金融危机对经济的冲击。（take action）Translation:
At present, many countries are taking action to mitigate the impact of the financial crisis on their economy.
6. The couple finally divorced after years of incessant quarrels, which had resulted from a lack of understanding.
7. The governments of the two countries agreed to set up a military hotline to reduce the risk of war due to incorrect information.
8. Some Chinese students were not very successful in American universities because they failed to adapt to the new environment there.
VI Writing Practice
Paragraph development — the use of quotes
Discussion: Quotation is an effective strategy used for argumentation and other purposes. In arguing, a good quotation in your favor lends you force; one against your viewpoint can also, if you deal it a powerful and accurate blow, help your writing gain momentum. In other writing situations, well-chosen quotes can help you make an emphatic point.
Powerful as there are, quotes couldn’t prove everything. Therefore, you should keep it in mind that don’t overuse or abuse the quota tion strategy. Employing too many quotes can halt the smooth flow of your paragraph. Make sure that your quotes fit well into your writing, instead of implicitly or even blatantly contradicting the main message that you intend to convey.
Exercises: Read and consider the following topic sentences and then think of or search for famous quotable sayings on the Internet or from other sources. Develop each paragraph using one or two quotes for each topic.
1. It is hard to overestimate the importance of friendship.
Ideas for reference:
Friends are an indi spensable part of human’s life.
Friends are the very persons that we get comforts and encouragements.
Friends are our best fans whatever we do if it is good for us.
Sample:
As the saying goes “Whoever is delighted in solitude is either a wild beast or a god”, friends are an indispensable part of human’s life. “A person without friends is just like a spring without flowers, a dish without seasoning, and it is absolutely meaningless”, as an ancient writer pu t it. Needless to say, friends play a significant role in our life. To begin with, friends are the very persons that we get comforts and encouragements we need to go on when our own store of willpower has become depleted. No one is bound to be strong and happy all the time, for life has its own up and down. And whenever we need them, friends will be with us, if not always, at least most of the time. Moreover, friends are our best fans whatever we do if it is good for us. When we put on a play, they will be our audiences; when give a speech, they will be our listeners; when we write a book, they will be our readers. In a word, friends are the very persons that we feel flattered and relaxed no matter what stage we stand on. All in all, we have to say that it is hard to overestimate the importance of friendship and having friends is beneficial. They give us comforts and encouragements; strengths and confidences. Actually, “Truly great friends,” said a writer, “are hard to find, difficult to leave, and impossible to forget.” Therefore, we should cherish our friendship.
2. Setting oneself high goals in life is important.
Ideas for reference:
Aim plays a significant role in our life.
Setting high goals makes us clearer of life.
Setting high goals helps us use our time more efficiently.
Setting high goals turns us more confident.
Sample:
As the saying goes “Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass”, aim plays a significant role in our life, especially when we want to make some achievements. For our college students, it is needless to say that setting high goals in life is important. To begin with, setting high goals makes us clearer of life. We aren’t bound to succeed if we have no goal. Only when we have some idea of our life, will we work harder for it. Furthermore, setting high goals helps us use our time more efficiently. Having an aim in mind, we will take different actions at different periods of our college life, thus making us approach our dream closer and closer. Last but not the least, setting high goals turns us more confident. Just as “Rome isn’t built in a day”, our success cannot be achieved overnight. Bearing some goals in mind, we are easier to make progress everyday, thus bringing in more confidence for us. All in all, we have to say that setting high goals is extremely necessary. It gives light to our future and makes us full of energy! If we want to make a difference in life, setting high goals please, for a clear goal determines our destiny!
Text comprehension I. B II. 1. T; 2. F; 3. T; 4. T; 5. T. III. 1. “snail mail”. 2. “an essential stepping stone on the road to success”. 3. “the profound relationship between language and culture that lies at the heart of society”. 4. “the means to shape our views of the world”. 5. “to negotiate the boundaries between languages and to compromise in translation”. 6. “to use linguistic skills, to think differently, to enter into another culture’s mentality and to shape language accordingly”. IV. 1. with convenient ways to reach any part of the world. 2. It seems that everyone is able to always get in touch with anyone else if he or she can afford to. 3. is the most important to society. 4. a fundamental skill in today’s world, where different c ultures interact. 5. are finding ways to interrelate different cultures. Structural analysis of the text 1. The last sentence of the 3rd paragraph: “Most fundamental is the profound relationship between language and culture that lies at the heart of soci ety and one that we overlook at our peril.” 2. Paragraph 4: The lack of an exact counterpart of the English word “homesickness” in other languages such as Italian, Portuguese, and German. Paragraph 5: The problem of untranslatability which the early Bible translators encountered. Paragraph 6: English and Welsh speakers make adjustments regarding the color spectrum in the grey / green / blue / brown range; The word “democracy” means completely different things in different contexts; the flat breads of Centra l Asia are a long way away from Mother’s Pride white sliced toasties, yet the word “bread” has to serve for both. Part One. Vocabulary Analysis I. Phrase practice 1. provided =as long as 假如，倘若 need never be out of touch =can never fail to be reached 从不会失去联系 2. regardless of =no matter 不管，不顾 3. overlook at our peril =fail to notice at great risk 忽视……的危险或风险 4. hovers somewhere in and around all those words =may be described by these words to varying degrees
Lesson One: The Time Message Elwood N, Chapman 新的学习任务开始之际，千头万绪，最重要的是安排好时间，做时间的主人。本文作者提出了7点具体建议，或许对你有所启迪。 1 Time is tricky. It is difficult to control and easy to waste. When you look a head, you think you have more time than you need. For Example,at the beginning of a semester, you may feel that you have plenty of time on your hands, but toward the end of the term you may suddenly find that time is running out. You don't have enough time to cover all your duties (duty), so you get worried. What is the answer? Control! 译：时间真是不好对付，既难以控制好，又很容易浪费掉，当你向前看时，你觉得你的时间用不完。例如，在一个学期的开始，你或许觉得你有许多时间，但到学期快要结束时，你会突然发现时间快用光了，你甚至找不出时间把所有你必须干的事情干完，这样你就紧张了。答案是什么呢？控制。 2 Time is dangerous. If you don't control it, it will control you. I f you don't make it work fo r you, it will work against you. So you must become the master of time, not its servant. As a first-year college student, time management will be your number one Problem. 译：时间是危险的，如果你控制不了时间，时间就会控制你，如果你不能让时间为你服务，它就会起反作用。所以，你必须成为时间的主人，而不是它的奴仆，作为刚入学的大学生，妥善安排时间是你的头等大事。 3 Time is valuable. Wasting time is a bad habit. It is like a drug. The more time you waste,the easier it is to go on wasting time. If seriously wish to get the most out of college, you must put the time message into practice. 译：时间是珍贵的，浪费时间是个坏习惯，这就像毒品一样，你越浪费时间，就越容易继续浪费下去，如果你真的想充分利用上大学的机会，你就应该把利用时间的要旨付诸实践。 Message1. Control time from the beginning. 4 Time is today, not tomorrow or next week. Start your plan at the Beginning of the term. 译：抓紧时间就是抓紧当前的时间，不要把事情推到明天或是下周，在学期开始就开始计划。 Message2. Get the notebook habit. 5 Go and buy a notebook today, Use it to plan your study time each day. Once a weekly study plan is prepared, follow the same pattern every week with small changes. Sunday is a good day to make the Plan for the following week.
Unit 13 One of These Days Part 1 Communicative Activities Aims: 1. Learning about the background information of the Latin American writer Gabriel Garcia Marquez 2. Learning to talk about the personalities and personal sketches 3. Practicing using language through role-play and drama activities 1. Interactive listening and speaking Learning suggestions: 1. Listen to the recording for several times until get enough details. 2. Complete Task A (Answers: 1-a 2-b 3-c 4-c 5-a 6-c ) 3. Read Task B for personal sketches and listen to the recording again. Work with your friends discussing your notes and descriptions. … Notes: 1. Notes about the author: Gabriel Garcia Marquez is a well known Latin American novelist, short story writer, screen writer and journalist. His most famous novels are Hundred Years of Solitude (1967) (1982 Nobel prize laureate) and Love in the Time of Cholera (1985). 2. Notes about the country Colombia. Official Name: Republic of Colombia. It is the fourth-largest country in South America. (哥伦比亚). Don’t confuse it with Columbia as derived from Christopher Columbus who discovered Americas in the 15th century.) Scripts: Early life of Gabriel Garcia Marquez Gabriel Garcia Marquez is a well known Latin American writer. He was awarded the 1982 Nobel Prize in literature for his famous novel Hundred Years of Solitude. Today we are going to talk about his early life, and show how this part of his life influenced his works. Gabriel Garcia Marquez was born on March 6, 1928 in a town called Aracataca in Northern Colombia. At first, he was raised by his maternal grandparents as it was quite common at that time if one’s parents were poor and struggling. This part of life
何兆熊大学英语综合教 程u n i t答案 Pleasure Group Office【T985AB-B866SYT-B182C-BS682T-STT18】
T e x t c o m p r e h e n s i o n I. BII. 1. T;2. F;3. T;4. T;5. T. III. 1.“snail mail”. 2. “an essential stepping stone on the road to success”. 3. “the profound relationship between language and culture that lies at the heart of society”. 4. “the means to shape our views of the world”. 5. “to negotiate the boundaries between languages and to compromise in translation”. 6. “to use linguistic skills, to think differently, to enter into another culture’s mentality and to shape language accordingly”. IV. 1. with convenient ways to reach any part of the world. 2. It seems that everyone is able to always get in touch with anyone else if he or she can afford to. 3. is the most important to society. 4. a fundamental skill in today’s world, where different cultures interact. 5. are finding ways to interrelate different cultures. Structural analysis of the text 1. The last sentence of the 3rd parag raph: “Most fundamental is the profound relationship between language and culture that lies at the heart of society and one that we overlook at our peril.” 2. Paragraph 4: The lack of an exact counterpart of the English word “homesickness” in other languag es such as Italian, Portuguese, and German. Paragraph 5: The problem of untranslatability which the early Bible translators encountered. Paragraph 6: English and Welsh speakers make adjustments regarding the color spectrum in the grey / green / blue / brow n range; The word “democracy” means completely different things in different contexts; the flat breads of Central Asia are a long way away from Mother’s Pride white sliced toasties, yet the word “bread” has to serve for both. Part One. Vocabulary Analysis I.Phrase practice 1. provided =as long as假如，倘若 need never be out of touch =can never fail to be reached从不会失去联系 2. regardless of =no matter不管，不顾 3. overlook at our peril =fail to notice at great risk忽视……的危险或风险 4. hovers somewhere in and around all those words =may be described by these words tovarying degrees 5. hit the problem of untranslatability head-on = were directly confronted with the problem that something in one language cannot be rendered into another II. 1. stepping stone; 2. at their peril; 3. serve; 4. mentality; 5. staple; 6. facilitating; 7. messaging; 8. hybrid. III. Word derivation Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. 1. The country is trying to move from a centrally planned economy (economic) to one basically geared to the needs of the market.
U1 1．你愿意把你的经验和组里的其他人分享吗？(share sth with sb) Would you like to share your experience with the rest of the group? 2. 你父亲如果还健在的话，他会为你骄傲的。(be proud of) If your father were still alive, he would be very proud of you. 3. 她开车转弯上了自家的车道(driveway)，不料发现路已被堵塞(block)。(only to) She turned up the driveway, only to fi nd her way blocked. 4. 他没有告诉任何人就走了，因为他不想卷入那件事。(get involved in) He went away without telling anyone, because he didn’t want to get involved in that matter. 5. 最终，产品的成功还是取决于高明的销售手段(marketing)。(ultimately) Ultimately, the success of the product depends on good marketing. 1. 我发觉自己对英语口语有着浓厚的兴趣。(find... doing) I found myself having great interest in spoken English. 2. 驱车行驶在高速公路上，我意识到近几年来，中国的公路系统发生了巨大的变化。(realize; enormous) Driving on the expressway, I realized that enormous changes had taken place in China's highway system in recent years. 3. 我简直不敢相信他这么快就学会了操作计算机。(can hardly believe; work) I can hardly believe that he has learned how to work a computer so quickly / in such a short time. 4. 三年的时光已经过去，这一刻终于来临了：不到两周我就要回国了。(in less than) Three years have passed by and the fi nal moment has come. / After three years, the time has come. In less than two weeks, I will return home / go back to my country. 5. 许多我认识的人都迫不及待地想要出国，而我却宁愿和家人一起呆在国内。(can't wait) I know a lot of people who can't wait to go abroad, but I prefer to stay with my family in my own country. U2 1. 我们急匆匆地赶到火车站，结果发现火车刚刚开走。(only to)
作文翻译 Unit 1 李明是学化学的，性格开朗幽默，颇有魅力，但英语成绩不佳，每次只能勉强及格。老师警告他，英语不好会阻碍他拿奖学金，并亮出了自己的王牌：如果李明不努力，就让他考试不过关。老师还告诉他，学习英语不能只为了文凭，否则他即使大学毕业，也还是个半文盲。李明虽然保持镇定，但他明白，他的学业生涯正在攸关之际，必须安心下来埋头学习，坚持不懈。 Li Ming was a chemistry major, a charmer noted for his easygoing and humorous temperament. However, his English was so poor that he always barely got by. The teacher admonished him that his poor English would be an impediment to scholarship. What’s more, she showed her trump card: if Li Ming did not work hard. She would flunk him. He was also told that he should not learn English merely for the sake of his diploma. otherwise, even after graduation from university, he would still be semiliterate. Although Li Ming did not lose his composure, he was well aware that he had to settle down to work and follow through because his academic life was at stake. Unit2 我的朋友琳达接受过良好的教育，既美丽又端庄，三十好几依然没有人向她求婚。究其原因，她的事业心极强，整日扑在工作上，每天来往于住处和公司之间，根本没有时间和异性交往。一想到女儿这么大了还单身一人，她父母就焦虑不安。他们不知道该如何是好，甚至还去咨询一些社会学专家。 但是事情在上个月出现了转机，公司的总部调琳达到培训部。在新的工作岗位上，琳达遇到了第一个触动她心弦的男人。从此，他们几乎每天约会，琳达意识到她会不顾一切地爱这个男人。决定嫁人的时候，她告诉了我这个好消息。 虽然琳达的爱情让人想起电影中才会有的浪漫故事，我也担忧未来究竟会怎样，但我还是表达了我由衷的祝福，并爽快答应在婚礼那天做他们的伴娘和伴郎随从中的一员。 Linda, my good friend, has received good education and is both beautiful and elegant. She was not proposed to even when she was well over thirty. The reason is that she, as a career –oriented woman, is devoted to her work. Navigating between home and the company, she had hardly any time to socialize with people of the opposite sex. Her parents were gripped by anxiety at the thought of their daughter still remaining single at such an age. They did not know what to do and even consulted with some sociologists. But the situation began to change last month, when the headquarters of the company transferred Linda to the training department. On the new post, Linda met a man who tugged on her heartstrings for the first time. Ever since then, they dated virtually on a daily basis, and Linda realized that she would love the man beyond all reason. When she decided to take the matrimonial plunge, she informed me. Though Linda’s love is reminiscent of the romance that we see only in movies and I don’t know what the future will hold for her, I give her my heart-felt wishes and agree readily to be a member of the entourage of bridesmaids and groomsmen. Unit 3 食品供应商缺乏诚信已经成为当今社会的一大问题。部分企业欺骗公众，故意散布假消息，颂扬食品添加剂是食品工业的伟大成就，并声称适量的添加剂对健康有益无害。部分有良知的科学家对食品添加剂的含量和毒性展开了深入的病理学研究。研究结果表明，部分常见的食品添加剂经长期，可能会对健康产生危害，这被认为是食品安全研究方面极为重要的
新一代大学英语综合教程1 课后翻译 UNIT 1 2、Indeed, we might feel as if we are suddenly awash in friends. Yet right before our eyes, we're also changing the way we conduct relationships. Face-to-face chatting is giving way to texting and messaging; people even prefer these electronic exchanges to, for instance, simply talking on a phone.Smaller circles of friends are being partially eclipsed by Facebook acquaintances routinely numbered in the hundreds. Amid these smaller trends, growing research suggests we could be entering a period of crisis for the entire concept of friendship. Where is all this leading modern-day society? Perhaps to a dark place, one where electronic stimuli slowly replace the joys of human contact.确实如此，我们似乎感到突然之间好友数量井喷。不过，我们眼前也正在改变为人处世的方式。面对面的聊天正在被短信取代；相比打个电话，人们甚至更愿意使用这些电子交流方式。脸谱网上的熟人圈儿动辄数百人，相比之下，现实生活中规模较小的朋友圈则显得黯淡少光。在这些较细微的趋势中，越来越多的研究表明友谊的整个概念正在遭受危机，而我们也许正在一步步地迈向这个危机时代。所有这一切要把现代社会引向何方？也许现代社会就此陷入黑暗深渊，在这个深渊里，人与人之间交往的乐趣慢慢地被电子诱惑所取代。 8、No single person is at fault, of course. The pressures on friendship today are broad. They arise from the demands of work, say, or a general busyness that means we have less quality time for others. How many individuals would say that friendship is the most important thing in their lives, only to move thousands of miles across the continent to take up a better-paid job?当然，这并不是某个人的错。如今，交友压力来自方方面面。比如来自工作压力，或是整天瞎忙，无法和他人享有高质量的沟通时间。有人嘴上说友谊是生命中最重要的东西，却为了一份收入颇丰的工作远赴千里之外。这样的人还少吗？ 9、Of course, we learn how to make friends — or not — in our most formative years, as children. Recent studies on childhood, and how the contemporary life of the child affects friendships, are illuminating. Again, the general mood is one of concern, and a central conclusion often reached relates to a lack of what is called "unstructured time."当然，我们是在性格成型的最重要的孩提时期学会如何结交朋友或是如何断交。最近，关于儿童期和儿时生活对交友的影响的研究很有启发性。这些研究再一次关注了风气这个问题，其主要结论都与孩子缺少“计划外时间”有关。10、Structured time results from the way an average day is parceled up for our kids — time for school, time for homework, time for music practice, even time for play. Yet too often today, no period is left unstructured. After all, who these days lets his child just wander off down the street? But that is precisely the kind of fallow time so vital for deeper friendships. It's then that we simply "hang out," with no tasks, no
Key to Exercises of College English Book 2 Unit 1 ★Text A Vocabulary I. insert 2) on occasion 3) investigate 4) In retrospect 5) initial 6) phenomena 7) attached 8) make up for 9) is awaiting 10) not…in the least 11) promote 12) emerg ed 2. 1) There is a striking contrast between the standards of living in the north of the country and the south. 2) Natural fiber is said to be superior to synthetic fiber. 【 3) The city’s importance as a financial center has evolved slowly. 4) His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer. 5) The poems by a little-known sixteenth-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines. 3. 1) be picked up, can’t accomplish, am exaggerating 2) somewhat, performance, have neglected, they apply to 3) assist, On the other hand, are valid, a superior II. 1. 1) continual 2) continuous 3) continual 4) continuous 2. 1) principal 2) principal 3) principle 4) principles 5) principal III. : 1. themselves 2. himself/herself 3. herself/by herself/on her own 4. itself 5. ourselves 6. yourself/ by yourself/on your own Comprehensive Exercise I. Cloze 1. 1) contrast 2) exaggerating 3) priority 4) on the other hand 5) promoting 6) pick up 7) assist 8) accomplish 9) on occasion 10) neglecting 11) worthwhile 12) superior 2. 1) end 2) perform 3) facing 4) competent 5) equipped 6) designed 7) approach 8) rest 9) definitely 10) quality II. Translation ； 1. 1) It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition. 2) Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front of a large audience. 3) Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age. 4) Assuming (that) this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think it’s worthwhile to buy/purchase it 5) If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating. 2. To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listening and speaking. Besides, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important. Without
Unit1 1.semiliterate:a.semi-educated;having only an elementary level of reading and writing ability半文盲的，有初等文化的semi-:half or partly 2.dropout:n.a personwho leavesschool before finishing a course（尤指中学的）退学学生 3.do-gooder:n.sb.who does things that they think will help other people,although the other people might not find their actions helpful一个总是试着帮助别人的人（通常是贬义）；不实际的社会改革家（指幼稚的理想主义者，支持善心或博爱的事件的改革者） 4.impediment:n.obstacles,barriers妨碍，阻止，阻碍，阻挡 5.trump card:anything decisiveheld in reservefor useat a critical time王牌 6.charmer:n.a personwho hasgood qualities that make you like him/her讨人喜欢的人，有魅力的人，有迷惑力的人（尤指迷人的女人） 7.get by:to be able to deal with a situation with difficulty,usually by having just enoughof sth.you need,suchas money过得去 8.settledown:to becomequiet and calm（使）安静下来；平息 9.flunk:v.to fail an exam or courseof study不及格 https://www.doczj.com/doc/e23714016.html,posure:n.calmnessandcontrol平静；镇静；沉着 11.parade:n.a seriesof peopleor things that appearone after the other 12.at stake:to be won or lost;risked受到威胁，面临危险 13.sail:v.to move quickly and effortlessly投入 14.testimony:n.spokenor written statementthat sth.is true证词，证明 15.conspiracy:n.act of joint planning of a crime阴谋，共谋 16.doom:v.to makesb.or sth.certain to do or experiencesth.unpleasant注定 17.follow through:to continue a stroke,motion,plan,or reasoningthrough to the end 将动作、计划等进行到底 18.I flunked my secondyearexamsandwas lucky not to be thrown out of college. 19.The managementdid not seemto consideroffice safetyto be a priority. 20.Thousandsof lives will be at stake if emergency aid does not arrive in the city soon. 21.I think therewas a conspiracy to keep me out of the committee. Unit2 1.propose:v.[to sb.]to aska personto marry one提亲；求婚 2.knockoff:n.a copy or reproduction of a designetc.esp.one madeillegally假货；赝品 3.Windex:v.to clean with a kind of detergentby the brand of Windex用Windex牌清洁剂清洗 4.takethe plunge:to take a decisive first step,commit oneself irrevocably to a course of action冒险尝试 5.bridesmaid:n.a girl or unmarried woman attending the bride at a wedding女傧相；伴娘 6.maid of honor:a principal bridesmaid女傧相