情态动词巩固提升复习
重要考点：
情态动词＋have done 表示对过去情况的推测或估计，是历年高考的热点。现就这一语言现象作如下归纳：
1. should （ought to）have＋过去分词
表示过去应该做而（实际）没有做的事情，含有责备或遗憾的语气，意为“本应该……”；其否定形式为“should not／ought not to have ＋过去分词”，表示某种行为不该发生但却发生了。
Mr. White _____ at 8：30 for the meeting ，but he didn‘t’ show up.（04广西卷）
A. should have arrived
B. should arrive
C. should have had arrived
D. should be arriving
2. needn't have＋过去分词
表示过去没有必要做某事，但实际上做了某事。
As you worked late yesterday，you_________ have come this morning. （06陕西卷）
A. mayn‘t
B. can’t
C. mustn‘t
D. needn’t
3.must have＋过去分词
用于肯定句，表示“过去一定做过某事”，表示一种很有把握的推测。
[注意] 对过去发生情况的否定推测常用can‘t／couldn’t have ＋过去分词。
I have lost one of my gloves. I ________ it somewhere . （05‘北京春季）
A. must drop
B. must have dropped
C. must be dropping
D. must have been dropped
I _______have been more than six years old when the accident happened. （05‘天津卷）
A. shouldn't
B. couldn't
C. mustn't
D. needn't.
4.may／might have＋过去分词
表示对过去情况的一种不太有把握的可能性推测，表示“过去可能／大概已做了某事”；否定句表示“过去可能还没有做某事”。
We _______ have proved great adventurers，but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years. （06‘天津卷）
A. needn‘t
B. may not
C. shouldn’t
D. mustn‘t
5. could have＋过去分词
表示“过去本来可以做某事，但实际上没有做”；否定句表示“不可能已做了某事”；疑问句表示“可能／也许已做了某事吗？”。
—— I stayed at a hotel while in New York .
—— Oh，did you？You ＿＿＿＿with Barbara.
A. could have stayed
B. could stay
C. would stay
D. must have stayed
巩固练习一：
1. ——You didn‘t wait for Mr. Smith last night，did you？
——No，but we ______. He didn‘t return home at all.
A. couldn‘t have waited
B. needn’t have
C. didn‘t need to
D. should wait
2.Harry ______ have won the Physics competition easily yesterday，but he gave up.
A. could
B. might
C. should
D. must
3. ——May I speak to your manager Mr. Smith at six o‘clock tonight ？“
——“I‘m sorry，Mr. Smith to a conference before then.”
A. will have gone
B. had gone
C. would have gone
D. has gone
4. ——Tom took away our teacher‘s cell phone without being permitted.
—— Really？I can‘t imagine that he _______ have done such a thing.
A. must
B. may
C. can
D. should
5. —— Was it you that made the suggestion？
—— It have been. I can‘t remember.
A. need
B. must
C. should
D. may
6.The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I_________ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me .
A. should have taken
B. could have taken
C. needn't have taken
D. mustn't have taken
7.He paid for a seat，when he ______ have entered free.
A. could
B. would
C. must
D. need
A. mustn‘t have spoken
B. mightn’t have spoken
C. can‘t have spoken
D. shouldn’t have spoken
9. —— Hi，is that Peter Brown？
——Sorry. You ______ the wrong number .
A. must dial
B. must have dialed
C. should dial
D. should have dialed
10.I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car . They ______ at least 150 kilometers an hour .
A. should have been doing
B. must have been doing
C. could have done
D. would have done
巩固练习一答案：1—5 CAADD6—10 CACBB
二、其他情态动词的要点：
【要点点拨】
1. 表示请求和允许: can, could , may, might. 过去式使语气更委婉，答语应用原形。
--- Could I use your computer tomorrow morning?
--- Yes, you can.( 否定回答可用：No, I’m afraid not.)
2．表示推测：
You can’ t have been caught in the rain last night, were you?
3．could & be able to
在肯定句中could表示过去有“能力”做，was / were able to表示过去有能力而且确实做成了某一件事，相当于managed to do…或succeeded in doing sth.
The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out.
4. may / might as well do sth “还是…好”、“不妨”
You might as well tell me the truth. 你还是把真相告诉我的好。
5. must和have to
1) must表示的是说话人的主观看法, 而have to强调客观需要。
2）否定形式含义不同。mustn’t禁止，不许可，don’t have to不必
3) must 偏要（做令人不快的事）eg. Must you shout so loudly?
6. shall和should
Shall
1) 表示说话人征求对方意见和向对方请示，用于第一、三人称。
When shall my father be able to leave hospital?
2)表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁以及说话人的决心。
You shall go with me (命令) / You shall have the book when I finish it.（允诺）
He shall be punished （威胁）/ Nothing shall stop me from doing it. (决心)
3）shall用于法律条文，各种规则中，表示需要，应该
Should
情态动词should一般不应被认为是情态动词shall的过去式，主要用法有：
1）用于第一人称疑问句中询问对方的意愿，但语气较委婉温和，如：
What should we do now? 我们现在该怎么办？
2）表示应该、必须
We should master a foreign language at least. 我们应当至少掌握一门外语。
3）should 表示推测，“应该，很可能”语气比must 轻，比may, might 强They should be back by now.
That should be John coming upstairs now.那应该是约翰正在上楼
4）表惊讶，翻译成竟然
I am sorry that she should be so careless. 我感到遗憾她竟会那样粗心。
5）在“It is natural (strange, necessary, surprised, impossible, important ) that……”句型中，主语从句中的谓语动词要用should +动词原形”表示“理所当然”、“奇怪”、“必要”、“惊异”等的意思。在lest（以免）、for fear (that) (以防)、in case（以备万一）等之后也要用“should+动词原形”例如：
It is necessary that he(should) be sent there at once.
It is strange that he should say so.
Let us go at once lest we should be late for the train. 我们马上走吧，以免赶不上火车。
7. will 和would
1) 表示意志和意愿。will 指现在，would指过去。
If you will listen to me, I’ll give you some advice.
2) 表示请求、建议，would比will委婉、客气。Will (Would ) you please pass me the book?
3) 表示习惯性动作，“总是”“惯于”，will指现在，would指过去。
Fish will die without water.
Every evening, she would sit by the window, deep in thought.
4). 表示功能，意为“能” 或“行”The machine won’t work.
5) 表示预料或猜想。It would be about ten when he left home.猜想他离开家时大约十点。
8. would & used to
1) 表示过去持续的状态和情况用used to; would不与表示状态的动词连用。
There used to be a hospital here. / There would be a hospital here.( ×)
2) would 常与often, sometimes, for hours等表示时间的副词（短语）连用。
We would sit in the yard every evening and listened to his story.
3) used to 强调过去的行为同现在的对比，含有“过去怎样，而现在却不这样了”的含义. eg. He will not spend the money on books as he used to.
巩固练习二：
1. He ______ you more help, even though he was very busy.
A. might have given
B. might give
C. may have given
D. may give
2. Jenny______ have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind.
A. must
B. should
C. need
D. would
3. —Could I borrow your dictionary?
—Yes, of course you_________
A. might
B. will
C. can
D. should
4. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ______ for her.
A. had to write it out
B. must have written it out
C. should have written it out
D. ought to write it out
5. —Shall I tell John about it?
—No, you ______ . I've told him already.
A. needn't
B. wouldn't
C. mustn't
D. shouldn't
6. ─There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.
─ It______ a comfortable journey.
A. can't be
B. shouldn't be
C. mustn't have been
D. couldn't have been
7. It's nearly seven o'clock. Jack______ be here at any moment.
A. must
B. need
C. should
D. can
8. When he was there, he______ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.
A. would
B. should
C. had better
D. might
9 .Sir, you _____ be sitting in this waiting room. It is for women and children only.
A. oughtn't to
B. can't
C. won't
D. needn't
10. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out.
A. had to
B. would
C. could
D. was able to
11. — When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.
—They _____be ready by 12:00.
A. can
B. should
C. might
D. need
12. — stayed at a hotel while in New York.
— Oh, did you? You_ ____with Barbara.
A. could have stayed
B. could stay
C. would stay
D. must have stayed
13.－Will you stay for lunch?
－Sorry, ＿＿＿＿＿,My brother is coming to see me.
A. I mustn't
B.I can't
C. I needn't
D.I won't
14. Sorry I'm late. I ______ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
A. might
B. should
C. can
D. will
15. I should have been there, but I _______ not find the time.
A. would
B. could
C. might
D. should
16. Johnny,you _______ play with the knife,you _______ hurt yourself.
A.won't;can't
B.mustn't;may
C.shouldn't;must
D.can't;shouldn't
17. —Are you coming to Jeff's party?
— I'm not sure. I ________go to the concert instead.
A．must B．would C．should D．might
18. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _________ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?
A．can B．should C．may D．must
19 He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ________ a goal.
A．had scored B．scored
C．would score D．would have scored
20. —Write to me when you get home.
—_________
A．I must B．I should C．I will D．I can
21. I was really anxious about you. You _____ home without a word.
A. mustn't leave
B. Shouldn't have left
C. Couldn't have left
D. needn't leave
22. Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach, I______so much fried chicken just now.
A. shouldn’t cut
B. mustn’t have eaten
C. shouldn’t have eaten
D. mustn’t eat
23. —I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.
—It _____ be true because there was little snow there.
A may not be
B won’t be
C couldn’t be
D mustn’t be
24. It has been announced that candidates_____ remain in their seats until all the papers have
been collected.
A can
B will
C may
D shall
25. A left-luggage office is a place where bags ______ be left for a short time, especially in a railway station.
A. should
B. can
C. must
D. will
26. When can I come for the photos?I need them tomorrow afternoon.
-They _______ be ready by 12：00 o'clock.
A.can
B.should
C.might
D.need
27. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I _____ report it to the police?
A. should
B. may
C. will
D. can
28. Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t’ show up.
A. should have arrived
B. should arrive
C. should have had arrived
D. should be arriving
29.—Are you coming to Jeff's party?
—I'm not sure.I _______ go to the concert instead.
A.must
B.would
C.should
D.might
30. — Who is the girl standing over there ?
— Well , if you know , her name is Mabel.
A. may
B. can
C. must
D. shall
巩固练习二答案：
1-5 ABCCA 6-10 DCAAD 11-15 BABAB
16-20 BDADC 21-25 BCCDB 26-30 BAADC
巩固练习三：
1. If they _________ to do this work, he might do it some other way.
A. were
B. should
C. will
D. can
2. I was told yesterday that the company _________ me to Rome next week for a business conference.
A. should have sent
B. were going to send
C. should be sending
D. should send
3. Let’s take a walk, ________?
A. will we
B. don't we
C. do we
D. shall we
4. He was a good swimmer so he _________ swim to the river bank when the boat sank.
A. could
B. might
C. should
D. was able to
5. I went to the doctor's yesterday, I had to wait for half an hour before he ________ see me.
A. can
B. may
C. might
D. could
6. ---- _________ this book be yours?---- No, it ________ not be mine. It ________ be his.
A. Can, must, may
B. May, might, must
C. Can, may, must
D. Must, can, may
7. "We didn't see him at the lecture yesterday.” “He _________ it.”
A. mustn't attend
B. can't have attended
C. would have not attended
D. needed have attended
8. They _________ the plane, or perhaps they have been prevented from coming for some reason.
A. can have missed
B. may have missed
C. can have lost
D. may have lost
9. Since the ground is white, it _________ last night.
A. had snowed
B. must have snowed
C. must be snowing
D. must have been snowing
10. You must be fifty, ________?
A. mustn't you
B. needn't you
C. aren't you
D. mayn't you
11. You must have seen him off yesterday, _________?
A. haven't you
B. didn't you
C. mustn't you
D. needn't you
12. ---- That must be a mistake.---- No .it _________ be.
A. can't
B. isn't able to
C. can
D. was able to
13. He had known the matter before you told him, so you _________ have told it to him.
A. mustn't
B. can't
C. needn't
D. shouldn't
14. How ________ so?
A. dare you to say
B. dare you say
C. do you dare say
D. dare to say
15. You are their teacher. You _________ care of them.
A. should to take
B. might to take
C. ought to take
D. need to take
16. She is studying medical science now but she _________ a lawyer.
A. used to be
B. would be
C. were
D. had been
17. If you were in an English-speaking country, you, too, _________ English every day.
A. will be used to speak
B. will be used to speaking
C. must be used to speak
D. would be used to speaking
18. I did not call to make my airline reservation (预订) but I _________.
A. should have B, may have C. must have D. shall have
19. She _________ get up at six every day when she was in college.
A. would
B. will
C. might
D. should
20. Don't you remember that we _________ to the cinema tonight?
A. would go
B. go
C. are going
D. will be gone
1~5 ABDDD 6~10 CBBBC 11~15 BACBC 16~20 ADAAC
初中英语情态动词的基本用法讲解 1. can （could） 1）表示能力，could 主要指过去时间。 Two eyes can see more than one. 两只眼比一只眼看得清。 Could the girl read before she went to school? 这女孩上学前能识字吗？ 2）表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上）。 The temperature can fall to —60 °C , that is 60 °C below freezing. 气温可降至一60 C，也就是零下60 C。 He can't （couldn't） have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。 You mustn't smoke while you're walking around in the wood. You could start a fire. 在林子里走时勿吸烟，那样可能会引起火灾。 3）表示允许。 Can I have a look at your new pen? 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？ He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room. 他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。 4）表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。 Where can （could） they have gone to? 他们会去哪儿了呢？ He can't （couldn't） be over sixty. 他不可能超过六十岁。 How can you be so careless? 你怎么这么粗心？ 5）比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。 Can （Could） you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗？ I' m afraid we couldn 't give you an answer today. 恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。 2. may （might） 1）表允许，might 可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。 You may take whatever you like. 你喜欢什么就拿什么。 He told me that I might smoke in the room. 他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟。 May （Might） I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？ 在回答以may引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其它方式，如Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please don' t ./ You' d better not. / No, you mustn ' t.等，以免显得太严峻或不客气。 2）表可能（事实上）。可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。 He may be at home. 他可能在家。 She may not know about it. 她可能不知道这件事。 He was afraid they might not agree with him. 他担心他们可能不同意他的意见。 They might be having a meeting, but I ' m not sure. 他们有可能在开会，不过我不肯定。 3. must 1）表示义务。意为“必须” （主观意志）。 We must do everything step by step. 我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。 You mustn' t talk to her like that. 你不可能那样对她说话。 --Must we hand in our exercise —books now? 我们现在就要交练习本吗？ --No, you needn' t. / No, you don' t have to. 不必。（这种情况下，一般不用mustn' t）2）表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。
目录 1助动词和情态动词的定义 (2) 2 can，may，must (3) 3 Will you～？和Shall I（we）～？ (10) 4 would和should (14) 5 have to (16) 练习题 (17) 答案 (18)
1助动词和情态动词的定义 在英语中，助动词一般没有词义，主要帮助构成谓语，表示时态、语态或构成疑问及否定形式。对于助动词，同学们一般了解即可。 情态动词与助动词不同，它有词义，但它也和助动词一样，不能单独作谓语，它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语，另外重要的一点是情态动词没有人称和数的变化；情态动词后必须跟动词原形。 （×）She cans swim well. （×）She can swims well. （○）She can swim well. （○）She swims well. 即使主语是第三人称单数（例如she）can也不能加“s”。 句子中有情态动词can时，即使主语是第三人称单数，也不能在一般动词（例如swim）上加“s”。 1 助动词的种类 1.be（am，are，is，was，were，been，being） 它与现在分词结合，可以构成进行时态（参见第九章），与过去分词结合可以构成被动语态（参见第十三章）。 I am reading the book.我正在读这本书。 The book was written by me. 这本书是我写的。 2. have（has，had，having） 它与过去分词结合，构成完成时态（参见第十一章）。 I have finished my homework. 我已经写完作业了。 3.shall（should），will（would）
be 动词、助动词、情态动词讲解（基础篇） 1、 用单数，反之用复数。 ◆ 句中含有be动词时： 肯定句：主语＋be ＋其他 否定句：主语＋be ＋not ＋其他 一般疑问句：Be ＋主语＋其他＋？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词(what / who / when / where)＋be ＋主语＋其 他＋？ I am a teacher. You are right. She is 16 years old. My father is at home. The students are playing games. My teacher was ill yesterday. There is a picture on the wall. There are two books on the table. ★ be 动词用法歌： 我用am，你用are，is 连接他她它。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。 变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃；变否定，更容易，be 后not 莫忘记； 疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 ★ be 动词作谓语，它后面一般跟名词、形容词或介词短语。她个子很高。 她在教室里。她是一个高个子的女孩。 2、助动词的用法。 英语句子按正常语序是“什么人或事物” + “做什么”，即，我们常说的“主语+ 谓语+ 其他” 。 ①主语为I 或复数名词、代词时：肯定句：I / We / They / The students
＋动词原形＋其他＋。 We watch TV every night. 变否定：主语＋don't ＋动词原形＋其他＋。 We don't watch TV every night. 一般疑问句Do + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他+ ？ Do you watch TV every night? Yes, we do. / No, we don 't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+ do + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他+ ？ How often do you watch TV? ②主语为单数名词或代词时：肯定句：主语+ 动词第三人称单数形式 + 其他+ 。 He watches TV every night. 否定句：主语+ doesn't+动词原形+其他+。 He doesn't watch TV every night. 一般疑问句：Does + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他+ ？ Does he watch TV every night? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn 't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+ does + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他+ ？ How often does he watch TV? ★主语为单数或不可数名词，谓语要用单数第三人称，反过来，看见动词用了单数第三人称，可以推知主语是单数或不可数名词。 ( )1. How __ ______ your dad help at home? A. do B. does C. is ( )2. ______ goes bad easily in summer. A. Milk B Apples C. Cakes ③过去时的句式（当句子时态为过去时时，动词用过去式，不受主语单复数的影响） 肯定句：主语+ 过去式+ 其他+ 。 He / We got up early every morning last year. 否定句：主语+ didn't + 动词原形+ 其他+ 。 He / We didn't get up early every morning last year. 一般疑问句：Did + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他+ ？ Did he / you get up early every morning last year? Yes, he
情态动词must用法详解 (1) 表示“必须” 此时可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句，用于否定句时，mustn’t的意思是“一定不要”“不能”，而不表示“不必”。如： Water must be pure if it is to be drunk. 水如供饮用必须净化。 Must I finish the work tonight? 我必须今晚完成这项工作吗? Adverbs mustn’t be put between the verb and the object. 副词不能放在动词和宾语之间。 must主要表示现在或将来，但在间接引语中也可表过去(=had to)。如： She asked her boss if she must (had to) work overtime. 她请示上司她是否要加班。 对于must开头的一般疑问句，若作否定回答，可以用needn’t，不能用mustn’t。如：“Must I clean all the rooms?” “No, you needn’t.” “这些房间我都得清扫吗?”“不必。” (2) 表示推测 意为“准是”“一定是”，通常只用于肯定句。若用于否定句或疑问句，则用can 代之。如： That can’t be the only way. There must be other ways of solving the problem. 那不可能是解决问题的唯一办法，肯定有另外的办法。 Jane’s light is on. She must be at home. She can’t be out. 简的房间里开着灯。她一定在家，不会出去的。 若要谈论过去或完成的情况，必须用“must+have+过去分词”。如： You must have mistaken my intention. 你一定是误会了我的意图。 She must have been very young when she got married. 她结婚时一定很年轻。 He must have come this way; here are his footprints. 他一定是走这条路来的，这里还有他的脚印呢。 They must have finished their homework, for they are playing happily on the playground. 他们一定是写完作业了，他们在操场上玩得多开心呢。 (3) 表示“偏偏” 有时must可表示某事发生得不早不迟，就在某个当紧的时候，多指某些不受欢迎的事情的发生。如： The car must break down just we were starting our holidays. 我们刚刚开始休假，汽车偏偏坏了。 Must you worry her with questions, just when she is busy cooking dinner? 她正忙着做饭你干吗偏偏问她问题? Just when I was busy, the neighbor must come and chatter. 正当我忙碌的时候，邻居偏偏过来聊天。 有时还可指主观上的偏执或固执，常可译为“偏”“偏要”。如： After I gave her my advice，she must go and do the opposite. 在我给她出主意之后她偏要反着干。 Must you make so much noise? 你就非得弄出这么大的声音吗？ (4) must 与have to 的区别 两者都表示“必须”，但must 侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；have to 则重于客观需要，含有“不得不”“被迫”之意。如： Everyone must keep the law. 人人都要守法。 The last train has gone. We’ll have to walk home. 最后一班车已经开了，我们得走回家了。
英语情态动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择情态动词 1．--- Difficulties always go with me! --- Cheer up! If God closes door in front of you, there be a window opened for you. A．must B．would C．could D．can 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词辨析。句意：——困难总是伴随着我！——高兴点! 如果上帝在你面前关上了门，一定有一扇窗户为你打开。A. must必须；B. would将要；C. could能，会；D. can能，会。must表示对现在的状态推测时，意为“一定”，表示可能性很大的推测。符合语境。故选A。 【点睛】 1) must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为"一定"。 2) must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时， must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。 3) must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时，must 要接完成式。 4) must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测，must 后面要接完成进行式。 5) 否定推测用can't。 本句中的。must表示对现在的状态推测时，意为一定，表示可能性很大的推测。符合第2点用法。 2．Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week. A．need have practised B．might practise C．must have practised D．could practise 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”。故C选项正确。 3．He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he ________ be quite charming when he wishes. A．shall B．should C．can D．must 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词辨析。句意：他是个脾气不好的家伙，但当他希望自己有魅力的时候，他可
1 / 40 新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三） 情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习 ——情态动词基本用法及原则 掌握情态动词的基本原则 The Three Golden Rules ： ①无人称、数的变化 ②后面接动词原形 ③否定构成：后加 not Everyone is here. we start the meeting? A. Need B. Must C. Should D. Shall
2 / 40 新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三） 情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习 ——情态动词表猜测的用法 掌握情态动词表示猜测的用法 记忆口诀： 一肯一否 三个不一定 （2009. 辽宁） — You mean this CD _____ belong to Victor? — Yes, it has his name on it. A. must B. may C. might D. can
3 / 40 新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三） 情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习 ——情态短语的用法归类 重点掌握常考情态短语的用法 have to, be able to, used to + do had better, would rather had better not do 双龙摆尾 would rather not do She ____ stay at home if there is someone calls her up. A. would rather not to B. wouldn’t rather to C. would rather not D. wouldn’t rather
初一英语：情态动词can-must-may的用法
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学员编号：年级：初一课时数及课时进度：学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师： 学科组长/带头人签名及 日期 课题情态动词 授课时间：备课时间： 情态动词can，must，may的用法 教学目标 掌握三个情态动词的用法 重点、难点 掌握情态动词的用法并能灵活运用 考点及考试要求 教学内容 Step 1: homework checking and dictation Step 2: 情态动词 一、概念：情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形构成复合谓语，没有人称和数的变化。 情态动词数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有：can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) . 二、can/could 1. 表示能力（如体力和脑力方面），意为“能、会” Can you speak Chinese? Can you play basketball? 2. 表示请求或者允许，多用在口语中，意为“可以、能”等客观条件的允许。用于疑问句中用来提出要求，用于否定句中表示不允许。 Can you help me? You can’t play the computer 3. 表示可能，理论上的可能。 He can be out now. It can’t bu sunny all the time.
初三英语情态动词must 的用法总结教学案例 初三英语情态动词“must”强化训练教学设计 一、教学设计 （一）学情分析（Learning situation analysis） 进入初三我所接手的班级的情况比较复，初一、初二两年频繁调换英语教师，学生的知识不够系统化，学习方法、做题思路等都不够成熟，且基础普遍较差。英语复习课是巩固和发展知识、技能的重要课型.它的作用,就是帮助学生重温已学的知识和技能,使记忆中的痕迹得到强化,并对已获得的知识加以整理、归纳、概括,使知识条理化、系统化.因此教师必须注意引导学生多动脑、多动手、多参加课堂活动。复习课如果上得不好，往往会变成旧课的重复，或者是新课的“再版”。这样不仅不能发挥复习课的作用，而且会使学生因乏味而降低学习兴趣。此教学案例的教学对象是初三学生，整体英语水平较低，且自主学习能力有限，自主学习的习惯还没有形成；大部分学生的基础不牢固，学习习惯较差，学习兴趣不大。 （二）课标与教材分析（Curriculum and teaching material analysis） 按照《国家英语课程标准》要求，现行的英语课堂教学模式应该是以学生为主体的课堂，鼓励学生以参与的方式掌握应用英语语言知识的能力。英语教学目标中是这样描述的：“基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标是培养学生的综合语言运用能力。综合语言运用能力的形成是建立在学生语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识等素养整体发展的基础上。”语言知识和语言技能是综合语言运用能力的基础，文化意识是得体运用语言的保证，情感态度是影响学生学习和发展的重要因素，而学习策略则是提高学习效率、发展自主学习能力的关键。因此，这五个方面共同促进综合语言使用能力的形成。 （三）教学目标与要点分析（The teaching goal and key points of analysis） 1. The teaching goal (教学目标)： 1）Knowledge objectives (知识目标)：To master modal verb “must”. To understand some special cases. 2）Ability to target (能力目标)：To use ”can” freely and correctly. 3）Emotional attitude goal (情感态度目标)：To enjoy communicating in English. 2. Teaching important points and difficult points (教学重点和难点)： 1）情态动词must在情景对话中的的用法 (The usage of the modal verbs “must” in situational dialogues ) 2）表示猜测时的must ("Must" for speculation in tone) 3）怎样回答带有“must”的问句？(How to answer a question with "must" ?) （四）教学策略设计（The teaching strategy design）： 本堂课的设计着力体现出素质教育思想，以学生为主体，以“五步”教学法（读、学、点、练、悟）来指导课堂行为。 (The design of class strive to embody the thought of quality education, take the studen t as the main body, in order to "five-step" teaching method, reading, learning, practice and enlightenment, point) to guide classroom behavior.) （五）、教学过程设计（The teaching process design）：
英语情态动词的用法大全附解析 一、初中英语情态动词 1．—We've got everything ready for the picnic. —Do you mean I __________ bring anything with me? A. can't B. mustn't C. couldn't D. needn't 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：—我们已经为野餐准备好了一切。—你的意思是我不必带任何东西吗？A. can't 不能；B. mustn't 表示禁止，一定不要；C. couldn't不能，表示过去时态；D. needn't不必。结合句意，故选D。 【点评】本题考查情态动词的用法。 2．—How amazing this robot is! —Wow, it has video cameras in its eyes, so it “see” and interact with pe ople. A. may B. can C. must D. should 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：—这个机器人多么惊人啊！—哇，在它的眼睛里有摄像机，因此它能看见和人打交道。A. may 可以，可能；表示许可，B. can 能；表示能力，C. must 必须；D. should应该；根据it has video cameras in its eyes,可知是有能力看见，故选B。 【点评】考查情态动词辨析。熟记情态动词的含义和用法。 3．—Where is George? —He _______ be here just now. His coffee is still warm. A. need B. can't C. must D. shouldn't 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——乔治在哪里？——他刚才一定在这里，他的咖啡还是热的。A. need需要； B. can't 不能，不可能（表示推测）； C. must 必须，一定（表示推测）； D. shouldn't不应该；根据His coffee is still warm.可知表示肯定推测一定在这儿；故答案为C。 【点评】考查情态动词。掌握情态动词表推测时的意义和用法。 4．— Sorry, I forgot to take money with me. Maybe I can't buy the book you like. — Mum, you ______ worry about it. We can pay by Alipay （支付宝）. A. can't B. needn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——对不起，我忘记带钱了。也许我不能买你喜欢的书。——妈妈，你不用担心。我们可以用支付宝支付。A. can't不能，指不允许或否定推测；B. needn't 不需，指没必要；C. mustn't不能，表禁止；D. shouldn't不应该，表建议。根据句意语境，本句是说妈妈不需要担心，故答案为B。 【点评】考查情态动词。理解句意并掌握情态动词的意义和用法区别。
英语助动词和情态动词及练习 一、概述 不同的时态（一般式、进形式、完成式、将来式），不同的语态（主动、被动），不同的语气（祈使、陈述、虚拟），不同的结构（肯定、否定、疑问），以及说话者本身的态度或命令、请求、愿望、可能等，所有这些都要借助于助动词和情态动词表达出来。助动词一般没有词意，不能单独作谓语动词，除非省略句中。他们只参加时态、语态、语气或否定、疑问结构。情态动词有词义，可以用来表示说话者的语气和态度。主要的助动词和情态动词如下表： 二、助动词 助动词一般没有词意，不能单独作谓语动词。其作用在于帮助构成各种时态、语态、否定、疑问等。 1、助动词be（am, is, are, was, were, being, been）的用法 （1） be后跟现在分词构成进行时态。 Who is playing the violin?谁在拉小提琴？ She was reading a book then.那时她正在读书。 （2）be后跟过去分词构成被动语态。 He was asked to do the work.有人要他干这件工作。 You are invited to attend the meetintg.有人邀请你参加会议。 （3）be 后跟不定式作谓语，有如下几种情况： ①表示计划、安排将要发生的事。 Who are we to meet?我们要见谁呀？ I'm to have supper with John this afternoon.今天下午我要与约翰一起吃晚饭。 ②表示指示、命令，否定式表禁止。 You are to see the headmaster today.今天你必须去见校长。 You are not to enter the room without permission.未经允许你不能进入房间。 ③表示义务、责任等，同should。 You are to be back before 5.你得在5点钟以前回来。 What is to be done?该干什么。 ④表示可能性，与情态动词may, can同义。 Such books are to be found in any library.这种书任何图书馆都有。 Not a sound was to be heard.一点声响也没有。 ⑤表示后来发生的事，可以用来表示命运或注定 They say good-bye, little knowing that they were never to meet again.他们告别了，没想到再也不能相见了。 He was to regret the decision.他有一天会后悔做出这一决定的。 ⑥用于习语 Where am I to go? 我该向何处去？ What am I to do? 我该怎么办？ 2、助动词have(has, had, having)的用法 （1）助动词have可以构成完成时或完成进行时
be动词、助动词、情态动词讲解(基础篇) 1、be动词的用法。 be am / is was 单数 用单数，反之用复数。 ◆句中含有be动词时： 肯定句： 主语＋be ＋其他 否定句： 主语＋be ＋not ＋其他 一般疑问句： Be ＋主语＋其他＋？ 特殊疑问句： 疑问词（what / who / when / where）＋be ＋主语＋其他＋？ I am a teacher.You are right.She is 16years old.My father is at home. The students are playing games.My teacher was ill yesterday. There is a picture on the wall. There are two books on the table. ★ be动词用法歌： 我用am，你用are，is 连接他她它。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。
变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃；变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记； 疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 ★ be动词作谓语，它后面一般跟名词、形容词或介词短语。 她个子很高。她在教室里。 她是一个高个子的女孩。 2、助动词的用法。 英语句子按正常语序是“什么人或事物” + “做什么”，即，我们常说的“主语+谓语+其他”。are were 复数现在时过去时英语中，be动词选用单数还是复数，要由主语来定，主语是单数，就①主语为I 或复数名词、代词时： 肯定句： I / We / They / The students ＋动词原形＋其他＋。 We watch TV every night. 变否定： 主语＋don’t ＋动词原形＋其他＋。 We don’t watch TV every night. 一般疑问句Do +主语+动词原形+其他+？ Do you watch TV every night? Yes, we do./No, we don’t. 特殊疑问句： 疑问词+ do +主语+动词原形+其他+？How often do you watch TV?
情态动词can，must的用法:1. 不随着主语变化而变化；2.后跟动词原形； 1.Can 表示能，会。 1.不随着主语变化而变化； 后跟动词原形； 否定形式can not= can’t不能，不会 提can到句首，句末加“”，其肯否定回答：Yes，** can. No, ** can’t. Must，必须; 不随着主语变化而变化； 后跟动词原形； 否定形式must not = mustn’t 不允许，不准，禁止 提must到句首，句末加“”，其肯否定回答：Yes，** must. No, ** needn’t. （不，**不必）
练习题： 一．翻译 我能从墙上跳下来。 Sue 会骑自行车。 Sandy 和Sue 能打印这份信。 他们能看见那只鸟。 我必须回家。 Emma必须写作业。 我们必须从墙上跳下来。 他们必须写字。 不允许他们在街上玩。 禁止他们玩火。 二．改写句型。 1. I can sing. 改否定句: _____________ 改一般疑问句：________________ 作肯否定回答：______________________________ 划提：_____________________________ can ride a bike. 改否定句: ______________________
改一般疑问句：_____________________作肯否定回答：____________________ 划提：_____________________________ and Billy must do their homework. 改否定句: ______________________ 改一般疑问句：_____________________作肯否定回答：__________________ 划提：_____________________________ must stay at home. 改否定句: ______________________ 改一般疑问句：_____________________作肯否定回答：__________________ 划提：_____________________________ Sophie must read a novel. 改否定句: ______________________ 改一般疑问句：_____________________作肯否定回答：__________________ 划提：_____________________________ He can see that nest. 改否定句: ______________________ 改一般疑问句：_____________________作肯否定回答：__________________ 划提：_____________________________ They must listen to the stereo. 改否定句: ______________________ 改一般疑问句：_____________________作肯否定回答：__________________ 划提：_____________________________ 三．Must，mustn’t ，can ，can’t 填空 “________ I come at 6 o’clock””Oh no, you needn’t.” A blind man ________ judge colours. “May I go there””No,you_______.” Two eyes ________ see more than one. I _______ be off. Thank you very much for supper. You _______ be careful. You _______ be careless. ______ I stay up till mid-night, please The teacher _______ favour some children more than others.
英语情态动词用法详解 一、单项选择情态动词 1．Look! There are so many mistakes in your composition. You ________ have fixed full attention on it. A．can B．should C．need D．might 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：看！你的作文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。表示“本应该做但实际上没有做”应该用should have done结构，can have done 表示可能；need表示需要；might have done表示可能做过某事；故选B。 2．---Hi, Johnson, any idea where Susan is? ---It is class time, so she __________ in the classroom now. A．can be B．must have been C．might have been D．should be 【答案】D 【解析】 考查情态动词的用法。A. can be可能，可以是；B. must have been一定（对过去事实肯定的推测）；C. might have been可能（对过去事实肯定的推测）；D. should be应该是。句意：—知道苏珊在哪里吗？—现在是上课时间，她应该在教室里。故答案选D。 3．The room is so clean. He ________ have cleaned it yesterday evening. A．will B．need C．can D．must 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词表推测。句意：房间如此干净，他一定是昨天晚上打扫过了。must have done 表示对过去发生的事情有把握的猜测，意思是“一定（做过）”，故D项正确。 4．— Excuse me, do you mind if I open the window? — Well, if you __________. I can put on more clothes. A．can B．may C．must D．shall 【答案】C 【解析】
七年级英语双休日作业 班级：姓名：等级 英语句型变化总结练习 1、含有be动词am，is，are构成的句子： 变一般疑问句时把am，is，are提到句子的前面，句尾用问号即可。 变否定句时直接在am，is，are后面加not即可。例如： 肯定句:He is a student. 一般疑问句: a student? 否定句: He a student. 肯定句：We are from China. 一般疑问句: from China? 否定句：We from China 2. 由情态动词can, may, should等构成的句子: 变一般疑问句时把can, may,提到句子的前面,句尾用问号即可. 变否定句时直接在can, may,后面加not即可. 例如: 肯定句: She can swim. 一般疑问句:she swim? 否定句: She swim. 3. 由行为动词构成的句子: 需要加助词do或does. 变一般疑问句时把do/does放在句子前面. 变否定句时在主语后面加don’t / doesn’t , 谓语用动词原形。例如: 肯定句: They play football after school. 一般疑问句: play football after school? 否定句: They football after school. 肯定句：Tom watches TV every day. 一般疑问句: Tom TV every day? 否定句: Tom TV every day.
注意：变否定句时相关词的改变 肯定句变否定句时，除将谓语变为否定式外，句中其他词语也可能随之改变： 如将some改为any，too和also改为either，and改为or等：There are some birds in the tree. 树上有些鸟。 →There aren’t ______ birds in the tree. 树上没有鸟。 He likes the book, too. 他也喜欢这本书。 →He doesn’t like the book, ______. 他也不喜欢这本书。He likes singing and dancing. 他喜欢唱歌和跳舞。 →He doe sn’t like singing ______dancing. 他不喜欢唱歌也 不喜欢跳舞。补充练习： 根据句后括号内的要求，填入句中所缺的词： 1. I know the answer. (一般疑问句) ______ ______ know the answer? 2. We can see some birds. (一般疑问句) ______ ______ see ______ birds? 3. There is a computer in the house. (一般疑问句) ______ ______ a computer in the house? 4. There are some flowers on the teachers’ desk. (一般疑问句) ______ ______ any flowers on the teachers’ desk? 5. There are some apples on the tree. (否定式) There ______ ______ ______ apples on the tree. 6. I think he is old. (否定句) I ______ think he ______ old.
be动词、助动词、情态动词讲解 (基础篇) 1、be动词的用法。 英语中，be动词选用单数还是复数，要由主语来定，主语是单数，就用单数，反之用复数。 ◆ 句中含有be动词时： 肯定句：主语＋be ＋其他 否定句：主语＋ be ＋ not ＋其他 一般疑问句： Be ＋主语＋其他＋？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词（what / who / when / where）＋ be ＋主语＋其他＋？ I am a teacher. You are right. She is 16 years old. My father is at home. The students are playing games. My teacher was ill yesterday. There is a picture on the wall.
There are two books on the table. ★ be动词用法歌： 我用am，你用are，is 连接他她它。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。 变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃；变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记； 疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 ★ be动词作谓语，它后面一般跟名词、形容词或介词短语。 她个子很高。她在教室里。 她是一个高个子的女孩。 2、助动词的用法。 英语句子按正常语序是“什么人或事物” + “做什么”，即，我们常说的“主语 + 谓语 + 其他”。 ① 主语为I 或复数名词、代词时： 肯定句： I / We / They / The students ＋动词原形＋其他 ＋。 We watch TV every night. 变否定：主语＋don’t ＋动词原形＋其他＋。