History of the United States
Chapter 4 Discovery and Early Colonization
?Solid evidence of these cultures settling in what would become the US is dated to around 14,000 years ago.
?They might belong to the Mongoloid 蒙古人种的peoples.
?all land travel ended between 10,000 and 9000 B. C.
?It is plausible that a Japanese of Chinese fishing craft, or even a Polynesian outrigger舷外支架canoe, may have drifted across the Pacific to the New World.
?There is some evidence that Irish or Welsh monks may have been the first non-Indian discoverers of the New World.
Early Chinese Exploration
Norse Exploration
Factors Led to the European Discovery
Factors Led to the European Discovery
?Renaissance and Reformation = the great spirit of adventure and enthusiasm which swept Europe. The enaissancesecularized the way people thought.
?The rise of Nation-Sates: By the 1400s France, England, and Spain were ruled by ambitious kings and queens.
Factors Led to the European Discovery
?3. Sailors deared to take long ocean voyages because of the improvements in navigation and naval architecture.
?4. Life on land was hard and uncertain.
Christopher Columbus
?born in Genoa
?worked on Portuguese ships for nearly nine years.
?Columbus believed Europeans would arrive at the riches of the Orient--- referred to as the "Indies."
?The Portuguese king, relying on advisers who reported that the world was much larger than Columbus believed, rejected his plan.
?Columbus then approached Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of Spain,
?He crossed the Atlantic, and after six long weeks, his ship arrived at San Salvador in the
Bahamas on October 12, 1492.
?Just before his death he revised his geography and said that the earth "had the form of a pear ... upon one pat of which is a prominence like a woman's nipple."
Ferdinand Magellan
?Portuguese navigator, set out from Spain in 1519.
?They reached the Philippines where Magellan was killed by the natives. They finally went back to Spain after 3 years.
?They proved that India could be reached by sailing west.
Spanish Exploration
?After Columbus the Spanish expanded from the Caribbean islands to the mainland.
?In the Spanish realm exploration soon was followed by settlement. From Florida to California the Spanish Empire in the United States emerged.
French Exploration
?Jacques Cartier made the first of his three expeditions to the Gulf of St. Lawrence in search of the Northwest Passage.
?He opened the St. Lawrence to eventual settlement and paved the way for future expansion down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico, as well as westward to the Great Lakes.
?Samuel de Champlain pioneered the French empire.
?He made 11 trips of exploration to America.
?In 1608 he created a fort at Quebec, which soon became the permanent center of a French trapping and trading empire.
Colonization of the New World
?The ruling class of Europe fell upon this rich land greedily. Only fifty years after Columbus’s first voyage, the Spanish and Portuguses had overrun the vast land of what is now called Latin America.
English Exploration
?In 1497 John Cabot sailed west to try to discover the Northwest Passage.
?Drake was one of the most famous "seadogs," or pirates. On one trip in 1577 he traveled as far north in the Pacific and the present American-Canadian border and was then driven by weather to a bay just north of San Francisco, now referred to as Drake's Bay, where he left a plate as evidence of discovery.
English Settlement
?during the reign of Queen Elizabeth, the English in growing numbers concluded that the New World was their best opportunity.
?The Enclosure Movement of the 1500s. "Hark, hark, the dogs do bark, the beggars are coming to town."
?"Why man, all their cooking pans are pure gold."
?In 1578 Humphrey Gilbert acquired a charter from Queen Elizabeth to settle "remote heathen and barbarous land.“
?Walter Raleigh sent out 117 men, women, and children to establish a colony on Roanoke Island, off the coast of North Carolina.
?Jamestown: In 1607, Jamestown was founded on the lower reaches of the Chesapeake Bay on a low swampy island.
?Within the first 6 months the population of 104 was cut in half.
?“dig gold, wash gold, refine gold, load gold” but no gold was to be found.
?Great famine: man ate his wife.
New England Colonies
?The Pilgrim Fathers: Plymouth.
?1620 in a tiny ship called the “Mayflower”.
?102 people.
?The Mayflower Compact
?Thanksgiving
New England Colonies
?Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire,
?After America won its independence, two other states were created in their proximity with the names of Maine and Vermont
Rhode Island and Connecticut were established by dissatisfied Puritans.
Maryland
?Maryland was granted by Charles I to his friend Lord Baltimore as a refuge for English Catholics.
Pennsylvania
?founded by another group of English Puritans called Quakers, or the Society of Friends.
?In 1682 William Penn arrived in America on the ship Welcome and soon established one of the most liberal colonies, Pennsylvania, with its Quaker emphasis on religious and civil liberty. New York, New Jersey and Delaware
?were not started by the English colonists. New York and New Jersey were first colonized by the Dutch, while Delaware was founded by the Swedish.
South Carolina and North Carolina
?were originally given by Charles II to eight of his close supporters.
?Georgia was the last of the thirteen English American colonies.
?A charter was obtained from King George II, and in 1733 Georgia, the criminal colony, was settled.
The Slave Trade
?triangular trade: because ship passage initially went from the colonies to the African coast and then to the West Indies or the South in shape of a triangle.
?The sixty-day voyage, or "middle passage," from Africa , which ended in the West Indies or
the American mainland, was a living hell for the slaves and one of the cruelest aspects of colonial slavery.
?Mouth opener,
?suicide,
?revolt insurance,
?to keep the hands of the dead slaves to receive damages.
?There were instances where more than two-thirds of the slaves on a ship were dead by the time it arrive at the West Indies;
?the loss of half was not at all unusual.
?Some 50 million Africans died in transit. Ten million did survive to make it to Europe and to America.
Governmental and Social Structures
of the 13 Colonies
Economic Structure of the 13 Cononies
实用标准文档 精彩文案Chapter1 Geographical Features and Natural Resources 1.In area, the United States is the 4th largest country in the world. 2.The Midwest in the US refers to the region around the Great Lakes and the upper Mississippi Valley. 3.The Backbone of North America refers to the Rocky Mountains 4.Death Valley is on the western edge of the Great Basin. 5.The Great Plains might have a dust storm in summer. 6.The western part of Washington State h as the highest rainfall in the US. 7.The US primary suppliers of foreign oil are the following countries except Japan 8.The US largest open-pit copper-mining center is in Utah. 1. The United States is bordered on the north by Canada, on the south by Mexico and the Guff of Mexico, on the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. 2. The large territory of the continental US is divided into three basic areas: A. the Atlantic seacoast west to the Appalachians B. the Mississippi River Basin C. the Rockies west to the Pacific 3. The Middle Atlantic States are the most densely populated region in the US, where the land is flat and fertile. 4. The Central Valley of California is a highly productive area, which produced enormous amounts of fruits and vegetables. 5. Most production of oil and natural gas in the US comes from offshore areas of Louisiana and Texas, a nd from onshore areas of Texas, Oklahoma a nd California. Her big consumption of energy now has made America insufficient in oil supply. The US reliance of foreign oil has reminded consistently in the 40% ranges. 6. The United States has little trouble caused by the shortage of fresh water. Farmlands in the US making up about 12% of the arable lands in the world, and they are among the richest and most productive. Chapter 2 American Population 1.The over 3 million of early Americans in 1790 were mostly of British ancestry. 2.About 700,000 immigrants were legally received by the US each year during the 1980s. 3.The official racial segregation continued to be the law of the US until 195 4. 4.American Indians now mainly live in the South. 5.The majority of American Hispanics are from the following countries except Spain. 6.The West now leads in percentage increase in population. 7.According to the 1994 US census, the second most populous state in the US is Taxes. 8.The trend in migration from cities to suburbs now prevailed in all regions except the South. 1.The United States is the third most populous nation in the world. 2.Prior to 1875 anyone from any country could enter the US freely and take up permanent residence there. Later the US Congress passed laws restricting immigration on the basis of morality, race, and national origin. The 1952 Immigration and Nationality Act reaffirmed national origin as the chief criterion for eligibility and established a preferential system for skilled workers and for relatives of the US citizens. For many years the US restricted to total number of immigrants to 270,000 each year, although the real immigrants numbered much greater than the limit. The 1990 Immigration Act limits the total number of immigrants to 700,000 from 1992 to 1995 and 675,000 thereafter. 3.The first blacks arrived in Jamestown in 1619 as indentured servants,but soon[ after 1619 they were brought to colonies as slaves.The blacks were formally freed in1863, but continued to suffer the institutionalized segregation for about a century. Today many blacks still live in the South, some have entered the middle class, but one-third of all black families still live below the poverty line. 4.The Chinese-Americans have proved to be industrious and intelligent. They are now viewed as a “ model minority” in the US. According to the 2010 US census, there were about 3.8 million Chinese-Americans living in the US. The figure was more than twice what it was in 1990. Chapter 3 Discovery and Colonization of the New World 1. The ancestors of the present American Indians came from Asia. 2.“The ambition for the vast lands”is not correct to explain the reasons for the sudden daring exploration of the unknown in the mid-15th century.
Chapter1 Geographical Features and Natural Resources 1.In area, the United States is the 4th largest country in the world. 2.The Midwest in the US refers to the region around the Great Lakes and the upper Mississippi Valley. 3.The Backbone of North America refers to the Rocky Mountains 4.Death Valley is on the western edge of the Great Basin. 5.The Great Plains might have a dust storm in summer. 6.The western part of Washington State has the highest rainfall in the US. 7.The US primary suppliers of foreign oil are the following countries except Japan 8.The US largest open-pit copper-mining center is in Utah. 1. The United States is bordered on the north by Canada, on the south by Mexico and the Guff of Mexico,on the east by the Atlantic Ocean , and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. 2.The large territory of the continental US is divided into three basic areas: A. the Atlantic seacoast west to the Appalachians B. the Mississippi River Basin C. the Rockies west to the Pacific 3. The Middle Atlantic States are the most densely populated region in the US, where the land is flat and fertile. 4. The Central Valley of California is a highly productive area, which produced enormous amounts of fruits and vegetables. 5. Most production of oil and natural gas in the US comes from offshore areas of Louisiana and Texas, and from onshore areas of Texas, Oklahoma and California. Her big consumption of energy now has made America insufficient in oil supply. The US reliance of foreign oil has reminded consistently in the 40% ranges. 6. The United States has little trouble caused by the shortage of fresh water. Farmlands in the US making up about 12% of the arable lands in the world, and they are among the richest and most productive. Chapter 2 American Population 1.The over 3 million of early Americans in 1790 were mostly of British ancestry. 2.About 700,000 immigrants were legally received by the US each year during the 1980s. 3.The official racial segregation continued to be the law of the US until 195 4. 4.American Indians now mainly live in the South . 5.The majority of American Hispanics are from the following countries except Spain. 6.The West now leads in percentage increase in population. 7.According to the 1994 US census, the second most populous state in the US is Taxes. 8.The trend in migration from cities to suburbs now prevailed in all regions except the South . 1.The United States is the third most populous nation in the world. 2.Prior to 1875 anyone from any country could enter the US freely and take up permanent residence there. Later the US Congress passed laws restricting immigration on the basis of morality, race , and national origin. The 1952 Immigration and Nationality Act reaffirmed national origin as the chief criterion for eligibility and established a preferential system for skilled workers and for relatives of the US citizens. For many years the US restricted to total number of immigrants to 270,000 each year, although the real immigrants numbered much greater than the limit. The 1990 Immigration Act limits the total number of immigrants to 700,000 from 1992 to 1995 and 675,000 thereafter. 3.The first blacks arrived in Jamestown in 1619 as indentured servants, but soon[ after 1619 they were brought to colonies as slaves. The blacks were formally freed in 1863, but continued to suffer the institutionalized segregation for about a century. Today many blacks still live in the South, some have entered the middle class, but one-third of all black families still live below the poverty line . 4.The Chinese-Americans have proved to be industrious and intelligent. They are now viewed as a model“minority ” in the US. According to the 2010 US census, there were about 3.8 million Chinese-Americans living in the US. The figure was more than twice what it was in 1990. Chapter 3 Discovery and Colonization of the New World 1. The ancestors of the present American Indians came from Asia. 2.“ Theambition for the vast lands”is not correct to explain the reasons for the sudden daring exploration of the unknown in the mid-15 th century. 3.On his voyage of 1492, Columbus expected to reach India . 4.Vasco da Gama discovered the route to India. 5.John Cabot was sent by the English King to explore the new way to the east.
《英美概况》教学大纲 课程编号：12307058 课程名称：英美概况 学时分配：36学时，2-19 学分：2分 考核方式：考查，闭卷 课程类别：专业限选课 面向对象：外事二年级学生 一、课程的任务和目的： 《英美概况》是介绍英语国家社会与文化入门的一门课程。开设本课的目的在于使学生通过学习，了解英美国家的历史、地理、社会、经济、政治、教育等方面的情况及其文化传统，内容庞杂、信息量大。 培养学生正确分析有关英美等国问题的能力，并能以正确的眼光看待世界上所发生的问题，提高学生对文化差异的敏感性、宽容性和处理文化差异的灵活性，培养学生跨文化交际能力。把学生培养成为高素质的人才，同时又能爱祖国、热爱社会主义，致力为祖国的繁荣、发达而努力的人才，培养学生树立正确世界观。 同时，通过课文的学习和各种练习的实践，达到提高英语水平的目的。通过比较学习不同文化中具有特殊文化涵义的词语与表达式，可以促使学生掌握一些特殊词语的深层次意义，是对词汇的学习以及翻译水平的提高的有益补充；通过开展中外文化的比较，让学生切身感受到成功的交际仅有语言是远远不够的，文化方面的因素有时所起的作用远远大于语言本身，必将为英语学习者成功地参与国际商务活动，更有效地进行国际合作与交流打下坚实的文化基础。
二、课程的基本要求： 要求熟悉英语国家的地理、历史、发展现状、文化传统、风俗习惯，具有较强的跨文化交际意识。 三、课程的主要内容： 主要包括英美两国的地理、历史、政体制度、教育、新闻媒体、风俗习惯等内容，目的在于开阔学生的视野，扩大他们的知识面，并注意借鉴最新研究成果，合理吸收最新知识，进一步增强其实用性。 四、课程教学内容与要求 第一章：美国简况（国家的组成、国土等）（2学时） 教学要求：通过教学使学生掌握美国地理简况：国家的基本组成，国土等。以及美国国家形成的基本历史发展过程。 教学重点：美国国家形成过程中产生的几个重要的历史事件。 教学难点：分析并了解American Revolution产生的原因。
新编英美概况- 许鲁之
Chapter 1 Geographical Features and Natural Resources 1. Choose the correct answer 1-8 CDBACBBB 2. fill in the blanks 1. Ca nada\Mexico\the Cuff of Mexico\Atla ntic Ocea n\the Pacific Ocea n 2. The Atla ntic seacoast west to the Appalacha in s\The Mississippi River Basin\The Rockies west to the Pacific 3. most den sely\flat\fertile 4. productive\fruits\vegetables 5. Louisia na\Texas\Texas\Oklahoma\Califor ni a\i nsufficie nt\4O% 6.little\fresh\12%\richest\productive Chapter 2 America n Populati on 1. Choose the correct answer 1-8 CBDACDCB 2. fill in the blanks 1. third\250 2.1875\perma nent reside nce\morality\race\nati onal origi n\n ati onal origi n\skilled\relatives\270,000\700,000\675,000 3.i nden tured serva nts\slaves\1863 4.South\poverty line 5.i ndustrious'i ntellige nt'modle min ority'twice
英语国家概况课程标准 课程代码： 适用专业：商务英语 一、课程概述 1．课程性质 语言是文化的载体，文化是语言的基础。英语语言学习和英国国家文化相互依存、密不可分。一个优秀的英语语言学习者，若不了解该语言背后所承载的民族文化，其交际能力也会受到限制。该课程能使学生了解和掌握英美两国政治，历史，经济，社会，文化和教育等基本知识，了解英美国家社会发展、现状和影响这两个国家社会发展的因素，拓展学生的知识面，培养学生文化意识，启发学生了解西方社会，了解交际规则，增强学生的英语语言学习能力，为后续专业课程的学习打下一定的基础，进而为培养高技能应用型复合人才打下基础。 2．课程设计思路 本课程在设计上围绕合作学习法—任务型教学法、比较教学法、线索梳理法、启发式等教学法。 合作学习法—任务型教学法 合作学习法又称协作学习，是以合作学习小组为基本形式，系统利用教学中动态因素之间的互动，促进学生的学习，以团体成绩作为评价标准，共同完成教学活动。任务型教学法是一种以任务或活动为核心单位计划组织语言教学的途径,一种强调“在做中学”的语言教学方法。合作学习法与任务型教学法结合是指教师设计学习任务，指导并帮助学生以小组为单位通过合作、协商完成学习任务的教学过程。主要采用组织演示、演讲、讨论等形式。 2）比较教学法 比较教学法是在教学过程中，利用教学内容的相互联系和区别，促进学生掌握和巩固教学内容、达到教学目标的一种逻辑思维方法。例如，在学习美国的政体时，我们可以和英国政体、甚至是我国的政体进行比较，异中求同，同中求异。从而对“Parliament”、“Congress”和我国的NPC （The National People’s Congress）形成更深刻的理解。运用这种教学法不仅有利于学生掌握基本知识与技能，而且有利于提高学生的创造性思维能力。3）线索梳理法 线索梳理法，尤其是历史年代轴线表示法是表达历史线索最清晰的一种方式，这种方式的特点是易于梳理，可操作性强，非常直接，便于记忆。比如说，英国历史很长，如果不进行梳理，很难记忆，如果整理成一条线索，效果却不能同日而语： Early settlers——Roman invasions——Anglo-Saxons——the Viking and Danish Invasions——the Norman Conquest——William’s Rule——the Great Charter——the Hundred Year’s War——the English Reformation——the English Renaissance——the Civil War——the Glorious Revolution——the Industrial Revolution——the two World Wars 同样，美国历史部分可整理成这样一条线索： The war of Independence——the War of 1812——territorial expansion and Westward Movement——the Civil War——the two World Wars——the Cold War——the Berlin Blockade——the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s——the Vietnam War 二、课程培养目标 1．知识目标 了解主要英语国家的地理，历史，经济和政治等方面的概况；了解主要英语国家的文化传统，风俗习惯和社会生活的其他有关情况。 2．技能目标 扩大知识面，有效弥补英语专业学生知识面窄的不足；提高英语阅读的能力和语言应用能力。 3．素质目标
英语国家文化课程参考书目 1、英美文化基础教程，朱永涛著，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1991年11月 2、欧洲文化入门（European Culture: an Introduction）王佐良等著，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1992年2月（英文版） 3、当代英国概况，肖惠云主编，上海：上海外语教育出版社，1996年8月（英文版）16开本 4、当代美国社会与文化（Contemporary American Society and Culture）王恩铭著，上海：上海外语教育出版社，1997年6月 5、英语国家社会与文化入门（上）朱永涛主编，北京：高等教育出版社，1997年8月（英文版）16开本 6、英语国家社会与文化入门（下）朱永涛主编，北京：高等教育出版社，1998年1月（英文版）16开本 7、英美文化博览，李常磊著，上海：上海世界图书出版公司，2000年1月，32开本 8、英语国家概况，余志远主编，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2000年3月，大32开本 9、英国文化（The Culture of England）范中汇著，北京：文化艺术出版社，2003年1月 10、当代美国概况，周静琼著，上海：上海外语教育出版社，2003年1月（英文版）16开本 11、美国文化与社会（American Culture and Society）王恩铭著，上海：上海外语教育出版社，2003年6月（英文版） 12、新编英美概况教程（A Survey of the United Kingdom and the United States of America）周叔麟（美）C.W.Pollard June Almes 主编，北京：北京大学出版社，2004年5月（英文版）16开本 13、跨文化研究读本，余卫华主编，武汉大学出版社，2006年2月，大32开本 14、西方文化史徐新主编，北京大学出版社，2007年7月，小16开本 15、主要英语国家概况（第2版）周玉娣主编，重庆大学出版社，2008年2月（英文版）小16开本 16、欧洲文化概况Duncan Sidwell （英）著，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2008年6月，大32开本 17、英美概况（Survey of Britain and America）（上下），张奎武主编，长春：吉林科学技术出版社，2008年5月第四版，大32开本 18、英语史，李赋宁编著，北京：商务印书馆，1991年1月第1版，大32开本 19、英国文学简史，常耀信著，天津：南开大学出版社，2006年1月第1版（英文版），大32开本 20、美国文学简史，常耀信著，天津：南开大学出版社，2003年12月第2版（英文版），（大32开本 21、中西文化比较，周义徐志红编著，北京：人民教育出版社，2004年8月第1版，大32开本 22、西方文化史，徐新主编，北京：北京大学出版社，2007年7月第2版，大32开本 23、语言学教程，胡壮麟主编，北京：北京大学出版社，2001年7月第1版，大32开本 24、西方文化导论，叶胜年著，上海：上海外语教育出版社，2005年7月第1版（英文），大32开本 25、语言与文化，邓炎昌刘润清著，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1989年3月第1版，大32开本 26. Language, Culture, and Translating, Eugene A. Nida, Shanghai Foreign
Chapter 1 Geographical Features and Natural Resources 1.Choose the correct answer 1-8 CDBACBBB 2.fill in the blanks 1.Canada\Mexico\the Cuff of Mexico\Atlantic Ocean\the Pacific Ocean 2.The Atlantic seacoast west to the Appalachains\The Mississippi River Basin\The Rockies west to the Pacific 3.most densely\flat\fertile 4.productive\fruits\vegetables 5.Louisiana\Texas\Texas\Oklahoma\California\insufficient\40% 6.little\fresh\12%\richest\productive Chapter 2 American Population 1.Choose the correct answer 1-8 CBDACDCB 2.fill in the blanks 1.third\250 2.1875\permanent residence\morality\race\national origin\national origin\skilled\relatives\270,000\700,000\675,000 3.indentured servants\slaves\1863
Unit 1 Geographical Features and Natural Resources 1. How many states are there in the United States? And which two states are geographically separated from the others? (50, Alaska, Hawaii) 2. What are the general characters of the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains. 1) To the west of Atlantic coastal plain lie the Appalachian Mountains that begin in Canada and reach all the way to Georgia and Alabama. These are old mountains with rounded tops and wooded hills, usually not exceeding 800m in height. The highest point is only 2000m above the sea. Most of the mountain ridges are low enough to be easily crossed by modern highways. The Appalachians have much beautiful scenery and many tourist resorts. The Ohio and the Tennessee Rivers flow down the western slopes of the Appalachians to the great Mississippi River, deep in the heart of America. 2) To the west of the Great Plains lie the Rocky Mountains, “the backbone of the continent”. These high mountains stretch all the way from Mexico to the Arctic and form what is known as Continental Divide, or Great Divide, the most important watershed on the continent. The Rockies are more than twice as high as the Appalachians and high enough to receive more rain than the surrounding plains and plateaus. Consequently, they are mostly forested. The striking and varied scenery of the Rockies has given rise to the establishment of many national parks here. The other natural wonders include roaming herds of buffalo, elk, deer, antelope and sheep, as well as the famous grizzly bear. Chapter 2 American Population 1.Why is the United States known as a “melting pot”? It means that the US is composed of immigrants from different nations all over the world. ①The people of the US are predominantly white. ②The second most numerous minority in the US were the black people whose forefathers came from Africa. ③American Indians were the original inhabitants on the continent. ④There were about 50.5 million Hispanics in 2010 in the US. They are the Spanish-speaking immigrants from Latin American countries. ⑤The Chinese American have proved to be industrious and intelligent. 2.What factors cause the Americans to move frequently within the United States? ①The desire for economic betterment is generally the most important force inducing migration. ②Geographic difference in economic opportunity, as reflected by such factors as differences in employment opportunities and earning power for workers and differences in the availability and the price of land for farmers. ③Noneconomic factors. Such as climate, racial attitudes, and family tires, influencing migration. 3.Why do many Americans now migrate from cities to suburbs? ①The widespread uses of automobiles and the construction of express highways made it possible for people to live farther away from their jobs. ②The telephone reduced the need for them to work or live in close proximity to one another. ③Suburban areas offered more living space than cities, lower crime rates, less pollution, and superior schools. It is generally believed that they are better place for raising children. Chapter 3 Discovery and Colonization of the New World 1. Discuss the pre-Columbian cultures in the Americas. 1) The Aztecs of Mexico 2) The Incas of Peru 3) The Indians of North America 4) Indian contributions to European culture: Foods, Drugs and Utilitarian objects 2. Why did the discoveries of New World before Columbus not exert great influence in the world at that time?
第2章美国的历史 2.1 复习笔记 I. The Thirteen English-American Coloniesand the War of Independence 1. The Founding of the colonies 2. The Early Immigrants 3. Relation between England and Colonies 4. The Boston T ea Party 5. The First Continental Congress 6. The Second Continental Congress 7. Military Struggle and Final Victory II. Appearance of theAmericanConstitution andTerritorial Expansion 1. America Following Independence 2. The Constitutional Convention 3. The American Constitution 4. The Second War with England (1812) 5. The Monroe Doctrine (1823) 6. The Mexican War and Its Results (1846 - 1848) III. The Civil War 1. The Beginning of Slavery in America 2. Conflicts Arising fromSlavery
3. Lincoln’s Death and American Concept of a Hero 4. Effect of the Civil War 5. Economic Development 6. Progressivism 7. The Federal Reserve Bank 8. Imperialist Foreign Policy and War with Spain IV. America During and After World War I 1. America Entering the War (1917) 2. America after World War I 3. The Great Depression V. America During and After World War II 1. Background and Outbreak of General War 2. Changes of the US Policy 3. The Lend-Lease Bill 4. America’s Entry into the War 5. America after the War 6. Cold War and America’s Containment 7. Red Scare and the McCarthy Era 8. Demand for Reform 9. The Watergate Affair 10. Reagan Revolution and Clinton