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定语从句关系词一、先行词指物，只用that不用whi ch的特殊情况：1、先行词是不定代词all, little, few, someth ing等或被不定代词any, each, every, much, (a) little, (a) few等修饰时。
Eg. Do you have anythi ng that I can do for you? / Thereis much (work) that he can do here.2、先行词是形容词最高级或被最高级所修饰时。
Eg. This is the most intere sting storythat I have heard.3、先行词是序数词（以及last）或被序数词所修饰时。
Eg. This is the firstcity that I visite d in China.4、先行词前有t he very, the only, the just等修饰时。
Eg. This is the very pen that I lost yester day.5、一个句子带有两个定语从句，一个已用wh ich, 为避免重复，另一个只能用that。
Eg. They builtup a factor y whichproduc ed things that sold well.6、先行词既有人又有物时。
Eg. Do you rememb er the things and person s that we oftentalked aboutin our childh ood?7、主句是以wh o或whi ch开头的特殊疑问句时。
Eg. Who is the girl that is standi ng there? / Whichis the car that you bought last night?注：当先行词指人时，除了第6、7条以及有t he same修饰不能用wh o之外，其他情况既能用that又能用wh o/ whom引导。
定语从句引导词做成分关于定语从句引导词做成分定语从句中引导词的选用主要看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分或者是定语。
以下是店铺收集整理了，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
定语从句引导词做成分篇1引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that；关系副词有where, when, why。
它们都在定语从句中担任句子成分。
确定定语从句的引导词，可以帮助学生弄清句子结构，提高语言表达的准确性。
定语从句如果修饰人常常用关系代词who，有时也用that(作主语时多用who)。
He is a man who / that often helps others. 他是一位经常帮助别人的人。
如果这个关系代词在从句中作宾语，就应当用whom或that，但这种情况往往都可以把引导词省略，且在口语中可用who代替whom。
Here is the man (whom / that / who) you would like to see. 这就是你想见的那个人。
值得注意的是，如果是在介词的后面就只能用whom。
The boy to whom I spoke is my brother. 刚才和我说话的那个男孩是我弟弟。
如果表示“……的”时，就用who的所有格whose。
例如：Is there anyone in our class whose father is a doctor? 我们班有谁的父亲是当医生的吗？whose的先行词也可是物。
The house whose windows face the street is my uncle‘s. 窗户面朝街的那座房子是我叔叔的。
定语从句如果修饰“物”用关系代词that的时候较多，有时也用which。
It‘s a computer which / that costs six thousand yuan. 这是一台价值六千元的电脑。
定语从句的关系词⽤法 定语从句中的关系词⽤法到底是呢?下⾯定语从句关系词⽤法是店铺想跟⼤家分享的，欢迎⼤家浏览。
⼀.关系代词who (whom)的⽤法 who可以代⼈(即它的先⾏词必须是⼈)，在从句中可以担任主语，往往也可以代替在句⼦中担任宾语的whom，但它的前⾯不能有介词，如果带介词则必须⽤宾格的 whom：介词+whom 例：This is the teacher who teaches us maths.这就是教我们数学的⽼师。
在从句中作主语 She is the girl who (whom) I met at the party.她就是我在晚会上认识的那个⼥孩。
在从句中作宾语(who可代替whom) She is the girl with whom I went there.她就是和我⼀起去那⼉的⼥孩。
在从句中作介词with的宾语 ⼆.什么情况下宜⽤who，⽽不⽤that. 1.先⾏词是one ones anyone时宜⽤who 例：The ones who flatter me don’t please me.那些奉承我的⼈并不能取悦于我。
Anyone who fails to finish the task given should be criticized.任何⼈不能完成指定的任务，都应受到批评。
2.先⾏词为those时，宜⽤who为关系代词。
例：Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.凡是想去长城的⼈在这⾥签名。
3.当先⾏词有较长的后置定语时。
例：I met a foreigner in the street yesterday who could asked me questions in Chinese.昨天，在街上，我遇到了⼀位能⽤汉语问我问题的外国⼈。
4.⼀个句⼦中带有两个定语从句，其中⼀个定语从句的.关系代词是that，另⼀个宜⽤who。
定语从句的引导词与关系词在英语语法中，定语从句是指通过从句来修饰一个名词或代词的句子结构。
定语从句的引导词与关系词在句子中具有重要的作用，能够连接主句和从句，使句子更加详细和丰富。
本文将介绍定语从句的引导词与关系词的使用方法及其在句子中的作用。
定语从句的引导词有关系代词和关系副词两种形式。
关系代词包括that, who, whom, whose, which，关系副词包括where, when, why。
1. 关系代词的用法：a) that：当先行词是指物时，可以使用that来引导定语从句。
例如：I have a book that is very interesting.b) who/whom：当先行词是指人时，可以使用who作为主语，whom作为宾语来引导定语从句。
例如：She is the girl who (that) wonthe competition.c) which：当先行词是指物时，可以使用which来引导定语从句。
例如：I bought a car which (that) is very expensive.d) whose：用来表示所属关系，修饰名词。
例如：She is the girl whose brother is a doctor.2. 关系副词的用法：a) where：用来引导定语从句，修饰地点。
例如：This is the place where we met.b) when：用来引导定语从句，修饰时间。
例如：That was the day when I graduated.c) why：用来引导定语从句，修饰原因。
例如：I don't know the reason why he didn't come.定语从句的引导词与关系词在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语或定语的作用，使句子更加丰富多样。
引导词所引导的从句在句子中的位置也是灵活多变的。
定语从句中关系词省略的6种情形关系词有时可以省略，但这只限于限制性定语从句中，在非限制性定语从句中，关系词则不可省略。
一、关系代词作宾语时的省略当关系代词who,whom,which和that在定语从句中用作动词宾语或介词位于句末时的介词宾语时，可以省略。
如：Is there anything (which) you wanted?想要什么东西吗?Who is the man (that / who / whom) you were talking to?刚才和你讲话的人是谁?二、关系代词作表语时的省略当关系代词that在定语从句中用作表语时，可以省略。
如：China is not the country (that) it was.中国已不是过去的中国了。
(that作表语)三、关系代词作宾补时的省略当关系代词that在定语从句中用作宾语补足时，可以省略。
如：I’m not the madman (that) you thought me.我并不是你所认为的那个疯子。
(that作宾语补语)四、关系副词when的省略用作时间状语的关系副词when通常不能省略，但有一种特殊情况，即用于day, year, time等少数几个词后时可以省略(也可换成that)。
如：That was the year (that) I first went abroad.就是那一年我第一次出国了。
I’ll never forget the day (that) we met.我永远也忘不了我们见面的那一天。
五、关系副词where的省略用作地点状语的关系副词where通常不能省略，但有一种特殊情况，即用于place,somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere少数几个词后时可以省略(也可换成that)。
如：This is the place (where) they met yesterday.这就是他们昨天碰头的地方。
定语从句中的关系词与关系代词在定语从句中，关系词和关系代词起着连接主句和从句的作用。
它们可以引导定语从句修饰先行词，进一步补充和说明相关信息。
在英语中，关系词和关系代词有着不同的特点和用法。
关系词在定语从句中可以充当连词，引导定语从句修饰先行词。
关系词通常有that, which, who, whom, whose等。
1. "That"作为关系词时，可以引导限制性定语从句，修饰前面的先行词。
它既可以修饰人也可以修饰物。
例如：- The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.- I know a man that can speak five languages.2. "Which"也是一个常用的关系词，用于修饰非人的先行词。
与"that"相比，"which"在句中的位置较灵活。
例如：- The car, which is parked outside, belongs to my friend.- The movie, which won several awards, was released last month.3. "Who"用作关系词时，只用于修饰人。
如下所示：- The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister.- The teacher who taught us English is retiring next year.4. "Whom"也是关系词，用作宾语，修饰人。
这个关系词在正式和书面语言中使用较多。
例如：- The woman whom you met yesterday is my cousin.- I have a friend whom I can always rely on.5. "Whose"用作关系词时，表示"某人的"或"某物的"，修饰人或物，并引导定语从句。
定语从句的关系代词与关系副词定语从句是英语中常用的修饰名词或代词的从句。
它可以通过关系代词或关系副词引导，常用的关系代词有"that, who, whom, whose, which"，而常用的关系副词有"where, when, why"。
在本文中，我们将详细探讨定语从句的关系代词与关系副词的使用。
一、关系代词的使用关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者修饰名词的成分。
具体使用如下：1. Who"Who"在定语从句中用来修饰指人的名词，作为主语或宾语出现。
例如：- The girl who is standing over there is my sister.（那个站在那里的女孩是我的妹妹。
）- The man who I talked to last night is a famous actor.（昨晚我跟他说话的那个男人是一位著名演员。
）2. Whom"Whom"也用来修饰指人的名词，在定语从句中通常作为宾语出现。
例如：- I met the girl whom you introduced to me yesterday.（我昨天见到了你介绍给我的那个女孩。
）3. Whose"Whose"用来修饰指人或指物的名词，表示所属关系。
例如：- The book whose cover is red is mine.（封面是红色的那本书是我的。
）4. Which"Which"修饰指物的名词，在定语从句中作为主语或宾语出现。
例如：- Do you know the reason why the bus was late?（你知道公交车晚点的原因吗？）5. That"That"通常用来修饰人或物的名词，在定语从句中可以作为主语、宾语或修饰名词的成分出现。
例如：- The car that I bought last month is very fast.（我上个月购买的那辆车非常快。
定语从句引导词定语从句引导词包括关系代词who、whom、which、that、whose；关系副词：when、where、why；另外as也可以做关系词。
关系词在定语从句中主要起3个作用：1、连接作用，连接主句和定语从句；2、指代先行词；3、在定语从句中担当成分。
1限定性定语从句1.that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略.而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置。
2.which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢。
3.代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing ,few, all, none, little, some等不定代词时,或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等,这时的that常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that。
4.who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语。
5.where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句。
6.when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是,表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7.whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样。
定语从句中的关系代词与关系副词在英语语法中，定语从句是一种用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
在定语从句中，关系代词和关系副词在起连接词的作用，并且在句中充当句子成分。
本文将详细介绍定语从句中的关系代词与关系副词。
一、关系代词关系代词有三个常用的形式，分别是"who"、"which"和"that"。
这些关系代词在定语从句中引导从句，并代替先行词，起到连接从句与主句的作用。
1. "who"用于修饰人，在定语从句中代替先行词，可以作为主语或宾语。
例如：- The man who is standing over there is my brother.（站在那边的那个人是我哥哥）- The girl who we met yesterday is my classmate.（我们昨天遇见的那个女孩是我的同学）2. "which"用于修饰物，在定语从句中代替先行词，同样可以作为主语或宾语。
例如：- The book which is on the table is mine.（桌子上的那本书是我的）- The car which I bought last week is very expensive.（我上周买的那辆车很贵）3. "that"可以用于修饰人或物，在定语从句中代替先行词，同样可以作为主语或宾语。
与"who"和"which"不同的是，"that"使用相对较多，可以用来代替人或物。
例如：- The dog that is barking is very cute.（正在叫的那只狗非常可爱）- The movie that I watched last night was very interesting.（我昨晚看的那部电影很有趣）二、关系副词关系副词有两个常用的形式，分别是"when"和"where"。
一、原理知识梳理在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。
关系代词或者关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。
定语从句的基本结构：先行词＋关系词＋句子句型转换：The little boy can recite quite a lot of Chinese poems and he is singing there now.The little boy (who is singing there now) can recite quite a lot of Chinese poems.括号里的成分都是修饰前面的the little boy boy，即修饰名词，我们称之为定语从句；被修饰的这个名词叫先行词；连接先行词和定语从句并在定语从句中充当成分的叫做关系词。
二、关系词代词的基本用法：引导定语从句的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as。
它们在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、或定语，作宾语时可省略。
基本用法如下：真题解析：（2012 江苏）After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ＿＿urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.B 句意：洪灾过后，那个地区的人们正在受苦。
为了生存，他们急需干净的水、药品和住所。
本题考查非限制性定语从句。
讲先行词people带入定语从句后为：people urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive,可知先行词在从句中作主语，所以排除C项；D项不能引导定语从句，故排除；因为先行词为“人”，所以排除A项。
故答案为B项。
(2010.扬州)—The volunteers are doing a great job in Yushu.—Yes. They are helping the people ________ are suffering from the earthquake.A. whichB. whatC. /D. whoD: “—志愿者们在玉树表现得很好。
—对，他们正在帮助那些在地震中受灾的人。
”“在地震中受灾的人”是修饰“the people”，所以“the people”是先行词，代入从句是原词带入，即选用关系代词，又修饰人，应选D项。
(2010.常州）They want to develop a kind of dog-friendly food _________ will help dog owners cool down pets.A. whoB. whatC. whichD. whetherC: “他们想要研制一种让狗变得友好的狗粮，狗主人们可以用它让宠物们安静下来。
”先行词是food，定语从句修饰物，代入从句是原词带入，即选用关系代词，选C。
(2012.南京）The English-Chinese dictionary ______ my father bought for me many years ago is still of great value.A.whoseB. whenC. whoD. thatD：“我爸爸几年前买给我的英汉辞典现在仍然很有用。
”先行词The English-Chinese dictionary，定语从句修饰物，代入从句是原词带入，即选用关系代词，选D。
（2013 江苏）The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China,______ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.B 句意：世界银行主席说他非常喜欢中国，他记得这种喜爱之情始于他的儿童时代，本题考查定于从句。
先行词是a passion for China,在定语从句中作宾语，要用关系代词，所以选B项。
A和D是关系副词，在定语从句中作状语；C项不引导定语从句，均可排除。
练习：Lu Xun, whose real name was Zhou Shuren, wrote many political novels and essays.The boy who/that is playing ping-pong is my classmate.The e-mail which/that I received yesterday was from my sister.I’ve nev er heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.I’ve never heard such stories as he tells.关系代词只用that的情形（1）当先行词是all， any， few， little， none， anything， everything， nothing， everybody，nobody，everyone， no one 或被它们修饰时Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said李老师讲的你都记下来了吗There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.对他来说似乎世界上没有什么不可能的事。
All that can be done has been done.所有能做的都做好了。
There is little that I can do for you.我不能为你干什么。
He stayed in the library and looked up any information that they needed.他呆在图书馆查找所需的资料。
真题解析：（2014 陕西）Please send us all the information ______ you have about the candiate for the positon.A. that先行词 the information被all修饰，定语从句的关系代词只能用that（2015 江苏）I hope that the little ＿＿＿I have been able to do has been of some use.C 句意：我希望我能够做的那点小事已经有所帮助。
本题考查定语从句。
由于先行词是不定代词little，关系代词只能用that，不能用which，在从句中作do的宾语，故选C项(2) 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时This is the first composition that he has written in English．这是他用英语写的第一篇作文。
This is the mose beautiful park that I have visied.这是我见过的最美丽的公园.真题解析：(2012.扬州)Zhang Lili is considered as the most beautiful teacher ______ gave her love to her students in danger.A. whoB. thatC. whomD. whichB：先行词是 teacher，并且先行词被形容词最高级修饰，只能选B。
(2011.扬州）One of the most interesting places in Yangzhou _________ are often visited by foreigners is the West Slender Lake.A. whatB. whoC. thatD. /C: 先行词places，并且最高级修饰先行词，所以只能选C项。
本题的难点在于先行词的定位，本题最靠近定语从句的是“in Yangzhou”，因此很多同学会误将“Yangzhou”当作先行词。
但是“in Yangzhou”是介词短语修饰前面的名词places，先行词是名词（或代词），所以应当是“places”作先行词。
并且分析句意可知，外国人常去游玩的地点是瘦西湖，不是指整个扬州。
（3）先行词里同时含人和物They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。
Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.瞧瞧那个沿街走来的人和他的毛驴。
（4）当先行词有the very， the only， the same等修饰时This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.这正是我要买的词典。
After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns.家里发生了火灾过后，那辆旧车成了他的唯一拥有。
（5）当主句以who或which开头时Who is the man that is standing by the gate站在门口的那个人是谁？Which is the T-shirt that fits me most哪件T恤衫最合我的身（6）有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词用which，另外一个用thatThey secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution. (7) 先行词在从句中担任表语，从句的关系词用thatPu dong is no longer the city that it used to be.判断先行词是否正确1、The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.（√）2、Is there anything which I can do for you （×）3、He answered few questions which the teacher asked. （×）4、That is the most interesting book that I have ever read. （√）5、The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons. （√）关系代词不使用that的情况;1) 介词之后Chemistry deals with changes in matter, as a result of which it is possible to form a new substance. Last night I had a dream in which I became a Nobel Prize winner.The house in which my family live used to be a garage.which my family live in used……that my family live in used to……my family live in used to…2) 在非限制性定语从句中He reads English every day, which does good to his English study.They did rather badly in the maths exam, which was not what I had expected.He has won the first prize in the maths contest, which is a great honor to our school. He decided to become a doctor, which is a very unselfish.He made another wonderful discovery, which I think is of great importance to science.They send my daughter to school every morning, which I consider a great help to me.关系代词as与which的区分同：两者都可指代主句的全部内容，而不仅限于指代某个词。
