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[考研类试卷]管理类专业学位联考英语（阅读理解）历年真题试卷汇编
2
一、Reading Comprehension
0 I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room—a women's group that had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative, frequently offering ideas and anecdotes, while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands don't talk to them. This man quickly nodded in agreement. He gestured toward his wife and said "She's the talker in our family." The room burst into laughter. The man looked puzzled and hurt. "It's true," he explained. "When I come home from work I have nothing to say. If she didn't keep the conversation going, we'd spend the whole evening in silence."
This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations, they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.
The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late 1970s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book Divorce Talk that most of the women she interviewed — but only a few of the men — gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent, that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year—a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.
In my own research, complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband, or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning, cooking and social arrangements. Instead, they focused on communication: "He doesn't listen to me.", "He doesn't talk to me." I found, as Hacker observed years before, that most wives want their husbands to be, first and foremost, conversational partners, but few husbands share this expectation of their wives.
In short, the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face, while a woman glares at the back of it, wanting to talk.
1 What is most wives' main expectation of their husbands?
（A）Talking to them.
（B）Trusting them.
（C）Supporting their careers.
（D）Sharing housework.
2 Judging from the context, the phrase "wreaking havoc"(Para.2)most probably means_____.
（A）generating motivation.
（B）exerting influence
（C）causing damage
（D）creating pressure
3 All of the following are true EXCEPT______.
（A）men tend to talk more in public than women
（B）nearly 50 percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversation （C）women attach much importance to communication between couples （D）a female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse
4 Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text? （A）The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists.
（B）Marriage break-up stems from sex inequalities.
（C）Husband and wife have different expectations from their marriage. （D）Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.
5 In the following part immediately after this text, the author will most probably focus
on______.
（A）a vivid account of the new book Divorce Talk
（B）a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoon
（C）other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S.
（D）a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew Hacker
5 Over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors— habits — among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks or wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.
"There are fundamental public health problems, like hand washing with soap, that remain killers only because we can't figure out how to change people's habits," said Dr. Curtis, the director of the Hygiene Center at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. "We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically."
The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to—Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever— had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers' lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.
If you look hard enough, you'll find that many of the products we use every day—chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirants, colognes, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins — are results of manufactured habits. A century ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because of shrewd advertising and public health campaigns, many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavity-preventing scrub twice a day, often with Colgate, Crest or one of the other brands.
A few decades ago, many people didn't drink water outside of a meal. Then beverage companies started bottling the production of far-off springs, and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long. Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal. Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals, slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.
"Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns," said Carol Berning, a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter & Gamble, the company that sold $76 billion of Tide, Crest and other products last year. "Creating
positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers' lives, and it's essential to making new products commercially viable."
Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising. As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.
6 According to Dr. Curtis, habits like hand washing with soap______.
（A）should be further cultivated
（B）should be changed gradually
（C）are deeply rooted in history
（D）are basically private concerns
7 Bottled water, chewing gum and skin moisturizers are mentioned in Paragraph 5 so as to______.
（A）reveal their impact on people' habits
（B）show the urgent need of daily necessities
（C）indicate their effect on people' buying power
（D）manifest the significant role of good habits
8 Which of the following does NOT belong to products that help create people's habits? （A）Tide
（B）Crest
（C）Colgate
（D）Unilever
9 From the text we know that some of consumer's habits are developed due to______. （A）perfected art of products
（B）automatic behavior creation
（C）commercial promotions
（D）scientific experiments
10 The author's attitude toward the influence of advertisement on people's habits
is______.
（A）indifferent
（B）negative
（C）positive
（D）biased
10 Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve on juries; that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representative democracy. In a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing themselves, rather than electing representatives to govern for them.
But as recently as in 1986, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of Strauder v. West Virginia, the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.
The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20th century. Although women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898, it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personally asked to have their names included on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.
In 1968, the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Selection and Service Act, ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury. This law abolished special educational requirements for federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the entire community. In the landmark 1975 decision Taylor v. Louisiana, the Supreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of
all parts of the community to the state level. The Taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.
11 From the principles of the U.S. jury system, we learn that______.
（A）both literate and illiterate people can serve on juries
（B）defendants are immune from trial by their peers
（C）no age limit should be imposed for jury service
（D）judgment should consider the opinion of the public
12 The practice of selecting so-called elite jurors prior to 1968 showed______.
（A）the inadequacy of antidiscrimination laws
（B）the prevalent discrimination against certain races
（C）the conflicting ideals injury selection procedures
（D）the arrogance common among the Supreme Court judges
13 Even in the 1960s, women were seldom on the jury list in some states because______. （A）they were automatically banned by state laws
（B）they fell far short of the required qualifications
（C）they were supposed to perform domestic duties
（D）they tended to evade public engagement
14 After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed,______.
（A）sex discrimination injury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolished （B）educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors （C）jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire community
（D）states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system
15 In discussing the U.S. jury system, the text centers on______.
（A）its nature and problems
（B）its characteristics and tradition
（C）its problems and their solutions
（D）its tradition and development
15 Henric Ibsen, author of the play "A Doll's House", in which a pretty, helpless housewife abandons her husband and children to seek a more serious life, would surely have approved. From January 1st, 2008, all public companies in Norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors are women. Most firms have obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003. But about 75 out of the 480 companies it affects are still too male for the government's liking. They will shortly receive a letter informing them that they have until the end of February to act, or face the legal consequences—which could include being dissolved.
Before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in Norway were female, according to the Centre for Corporate Diversity. The number has since jumped to 36%. That is far higher than the average of 9% for big companies across Europe or America's
15% for the Fortune 500. Norway's stock exchange and its main business lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen. "I am against quotas for women or men as a matter of principle," says Sverre Munck, head of international operations at a media firm. "Board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience," he says. Several firms have even given up their status in order to escape the new law.
Companies have had to recruit about 1,000 women in four years. Many complain that it has been difficult to find experienced candidates. Because of this, some of the best women have collected as many as 25-35 directorships each, and are known in Norwegian business circles as the "golden skirts". One reason for the scarcity is that there are fairly few women in management in Norwegian companies. They occupy around 15% of senior positions. It has been particularly hard for firms in the oil, technology and financial industries to find women with enough experience.
Some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards, and that in turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. Recent history in Norway, however, suggests that the right women can make strong directors. "Women feel more compelled than men to do their homework," says Ms Reksten Skaugen, who was voted Norway's chairman of the year for 2007, "and we can afford to ask the hard question, because women are not always expected to know the answers."
16 The author mentions Ibsen's play in the first paragraph in order to______.
（A）depict women's dilemma at work
（B）explain the newly passed law
（C）support Norwegian government
（D）introduce the topic under discussion
17 A public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to______.
（A）pay a heavy fine
（B）close to a private business
（C）change to a private business
（D）sign a document promising to act
18 To which of the following is Sverre Munck most likely to agree?
（A）A set ratio of women in a board is unreasonable.
（B）A reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set.
（C）A common principle should be followed by all companies.
（D）An inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law.
19 The author attributes the phenomenon of "golden skirts" to______.
（A）the small number of qualified females in management
（B）the over-recruitment of female managers in public companies
（C）the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positions
（D）the discrimination toward women in Norwegians business circles
20 The main idea of the passage might be______.
（A）female power and liberation in Norway
（B）the significance of Henric Ibsen's play
（C）women's status in Norwegian firms
（D）the constitution of board members in Norway
20 While there's never a good age to get cancer, people in their 20s and 30s can feel particularly isolated. The average age of a cancer patient at diagnosis is 67. Children with cancer often are treated at pediatric cancer centers, but young adults have a tough time finding peer, often sitting side-by-side during treatments with people who could be their grandparents.
In her new book Crazy Sexy Cancer Tips, writer Kris Carr looks at cancer from the perspective of a young adult who confronts death just as she's discovering life. Ms. Carr was 31 when she was diagnosed with a rate form of cancer that had generated tumors on her liver and lungs.
Ms. Carr reacted with the normal feelings of shock and sadness. She called her parents and stocked up on organic food, determined to become a "full-time healing addict". Then she picked up the phone and called everyone in her address book, asking if they knew other young women with cancer. The result was her personal "cancer posse": a rock concert tour manager, a model, a fashion magazine editor, a cartoonist and a MTV celebrity, to name a few. This club of "cancer babes" offered support, advice, and fashion tips, among other things.
Ms. Carr put her cancer experience in a recent Learning Channel documentary, and she has written a practical guide about how she coped. Cancer isn't funny, but Ms. Carr often is. She swears, she makes up names for the people who treat her(Dr. Fabulous and Dr. Guru), and she calls them.
She leaves the medical advice to doctors, instead offering insightful and practical tips that reflect the world view of a young adult. "I refused to let cancer ruin my party," she writes. "There are just too many cooling things to do and plan and live for." Ms. Carr still has cancer, but it has stopped progressing. Her cancer tips include using time-saving mass e-mails to keep friends informed, sewing or buying fashionable hospital gowns so you're not stuck with regulation blue or gray and playing Gloria Gaynor's "I Will Survive" so loud your neighbors call the police. Ms Can-also advises an eyebrow wax and a new outfit before you tell the important people in your life about your illness. "People you tell are going to cautiously and not so cautiously try to see the cancer, so dazzle them instead with your miracle, " she writes.
While her advice may sound superficial, it gets to her heart of what every cancer patient wants the chance to live life just as she always did, and maybe better.
21 Which of the following groups is more vulnerable to cancer?
（A）Children.
（B）People in their 20s and 30s.
（C）Young adults.
（D）Elderly people.
22 All of the following statements are sure EXCEPT______
（A）Kris Carr is female writer.
（B）Kris Carr is more than 31-year-old.
（C）Kris Carr works in a cancer center.
（D）Kris Carr is very optimistic.
23 The phrase "cancer posse"(Para 3)probably refer to______
（A）a cancer research organization.
（B）a group of people who suffer from cancer.
（C）people who have recovered from cancer.
（D）people who cope with cancer.
24 Kris Carr makes up names for the people who treat her because______ （A）she is depressed and likes swearing.
（B）she is funny and likes playing jokes on doctors.
（C）she wants to leave the medical advice to doctors.
（D）she tries to leave a good impression on doctors.
25 From Kris Carr's cancer tips we may infer that______
（A）she learned to use e-mails after she got cancer.
（B）she wears fashionable dress even after suffering from cancer. （C）hospital gowns for cancer patients are usually not in bright colors.
（D）the neighbors are very friendly with cancer patients.
2016年管理类联考考试大纲（综合能力和英语二） 2016年管理类联考综合能力大纲 考试性质 综合能力考试是为高等院校和科研院所招收管理类专业学位硕士研究生（主要包括MBA/MPA/MPAcc/MEM/MTA等专业联考）而设置的具有选拔性质的全国联考科目，其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生是否具备攻读专业学位所必需的基本素质、一般能力和培养潜能，评价的标准是高等学校本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以利于各高等院校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔，确保专业学位硕士研究生的招生质量。 考查目标 1、具有运用数学基础知识、基本方法分析和解决问题的能力。 2、具有较强的分析、推理、论证等逻辑思维能力。 3、具有较强的文字材料理解能力、分析能力以及书面表达能力。 考试形式和试卷结构 一、试卷满分及考试时问 试卷满分为200分，考试时间为180分钟。 二、答题方式
答题方式为闭卷、笔试。不允许使用计算器。 三、试卷内容与题型结构 数学基础 75分，有以下两种题型： 问题求解15小题，每小题3分，共45分 条件充分性判断 10小题，每小题3分，共30分 逻辑推理 30小题，每小题2分，共60分 写作 2小题，其中论证有效性分析30分，论说文35分，共65分 考查内容 一、数学基础 综合能力考试中的数学基础部分主要考查考生的运算能力、逻辑推理能力、空间想象能力和数据处理能力，通过问题求解和条件充分性判断两种形式来测试。 试题涉及的数学知识范围有： （一）算术 1．整数 （1）整数及其运算 （2）整除、公倍数、公约数
（3）奇数、偶数 （4）质数、合数 2.分数、小数、百分数 3.比与比例 4.数轴与绝对值 （二）代数 1．整式 （1）整式及其运算 （2）整式的因式与因式分解 2．分式及其运算 3．函数 （1）集合 （2）一元二次函数及其图像 （3）指数函数、对数函数（新增加考点）4．代数方程 （1）一元一次方程 （2）一元二次方程 （3）二元一次方程组 5．不等式 （1）不等式的性质 （2）均值不等式 （3）不等式求解
2015考研英语阅读理解精读P18—医学 Passage 18(Doctor-assisted Suicide：Is It Ever an Option?) Should doctor-assisted suicide ever be a legal option? It involves the extreme measure of taking the life of a terminally ill patient when the patient is in extreme pain and the chances for recovery appear to be none.Those who argue against assisted suicide do so by considering the roles of the patient，the doctor，and nature in these situations. Should the patient take an active role in assisted suicide? When a patient is terminally ill and in great pain，those who oppose assisted suicide say that it should not be up to that patient to decide what his or her fate will be.There are greater powers at work that determine when a person dies，for example，nature.Neither science nor personal preference should take precedence over these larger forces. What role should the doctor have? Doctors，when taking the Hippocratic oath，swear to preserve life at all costs，and it is their ethical and legal duty to follow both the spirit and the letter of this oath.It is their responsibilities to heal the sick，and in the cases when healing is not possible，then the doctor is obliged to make the dying person comfortable.Doctors are trained never to hasten death.Those who oppose assisted suicide believe that doctors who do help terminally ill patients die are committing a crime，and they should be dealt with accordingly.Doctors are also，by virtue of their humanness，capable of making mistakes.Doctors could quite possibly say，for instance，that a cancer patient was terminal，and then the illness could later turn out not to be so serious.There is always an element of doubt concerning the future outcome of human affairs. The third perspective to consider when thinking about assisted suicide is the role of nature.Life is precious.Many people believe that it is not up to human beings to decide when to end their own or another’s life.Only nature determines when it is the right time for a person to die.To assist someone in suicide is not only to break criminal laws，but to break divine 1aws as well. These general concerns of those who oppose assisted suicide are valid in certain contexts of the assisted suicide question.For instance，patients cannot always be certain of their medical conditions.Pain clouds judgment，and so the patient should not be the sole arbiter of her or his own destiny.Patients do not usually choose the course of their medical treatment，so they shouldn’t be held completely responsible for decisions related to it.Doctors are also fallible，and it is understandable that they would not want to make the final decision about when death should occur.Since doctors are trained to prolong life，they usually do not elect to take it by prescribing assisted suicide. I believe that blindly opposing assisted suicide does no one a service.If someone is dying of
2017考研MBA管理类联考考试已经落下了帷幕，MBA小编第一时间为大家整理了 2017MBA管理类联考英语二解析，以供大家参考。 完形填空 答案： 1-5 CADAB 6-10 DCACC 11-15 CBADC 16-20 DABDB 英语阅读理解 Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) Text 1 答案 21.A gained great popularity 22.B promote sport participation 23.C does not emphasize elitism 24.D invest in public sports facilities Text 2 With so much focus on children use of screens, it is easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. “tech is designed to really suck you in ,”says jenny pedesky in her study of diital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement . it makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.” Pedesky has studied the use of mobile phone and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who used devices during the exercise stared 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer bnonverbal interaction with their children. During a separate observation she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention. Infants are wired to look at parents faces try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive-as they often are when absorbed in a device-it can be extremely disconcerting for the children. Padesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist. Ed tronick in the 1970s. in it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback: the child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention. “parents don’t have to be exquisitely present at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to be a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,” says radesky.
2018年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试 试题 （重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）考试科目代码810 考试科目名称管理学 一、选择题（40分） 1. 在工作分配时考虑激发职工内在的激情，这种激励称为（） A. 工作激励 B. 成果激励 C. 批评激励 D. 教育培训激励 2.根据卢因的力场理论，属于遏制力的因素是（） A. 群体工作准则 B. 工作爱好 C. 报酬 D. 有效管理 3. 法约尔提出的五大管理职能不包括（） A. 控制 B. 指挥 C. 协调 D. 创新 4. 企业中实际存在一种“非正式组织”，这是以下哪位提出的（） A. 马斯洛 B. 梅奥 C. 麦格雷戈 D. 赫茨伯格 5. 以下关于信息和数据的表述中不正确的是（） A. 数据不能直接为管理者所用 B. 数据是信息加工处理后的结果 C. 信息被用来反映客观事物规律 D. 信息和数据的区别不是绝对的 6. 上级管理行为会影响到组织尤其是其下级的道德管理行为，这被认为是影响管理道德的什么因素（） A. 组织文化 B. 问题强度 C. 组织结构 D. 个人特性 7. 一把钥匙开一把锁，这体现了管理教育方法的（） A. 示范性 B. 个体性 C. 强制性 D. 自主性 8. 以下不适合用于判别组织是否分权以及分权程度的标志是（） A. 决策频度 B. 决策幅度 C. 决策控制度 D. 决策速度 9. 计划的内容可以概括为5W1H，其中的H指的是（） A. 目标 B. 方式 C. 人员 D. 时间 10. 期望理论中的效价指目标对其接受者如要产生作用，则该目标必须是（） A. 可接受的 B. 可考核的 C. 有挑战性的 D. 多样性的 11. 信息手段的配备情况属于影响管理幅度诸多因素中的（） A. 工作内容 B. 工作环境 C. 工作条件 D. 工作性质 12. 以下关于非正式组织的表述正确的是（） A. 其产生与正式组织无关 B. 以理性原则维系 C. 组织成员与正式组织混合 D. 其存在对正式组织没有影响
2014年管理类联考英语二真题及答案解析 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have __1___ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually ___2___. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. ___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___4___ of good health. Of even greater ___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined ___6___ body mass index, or BMI. BMI ___7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, ___8___,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese. While such numerical standards seem 9 , they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, 10 others with a low BMI may be in poor 11 .For example, many collegiate and professional football players 12 as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a 13 BMI. Today we have a(an) _14 _ to label obesity as a overweight are sometimes_15_in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes _16_ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power,and lower prospects for ,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. _17_very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools. 1. [A] denied [B] conduced [C] doubled [D] ensured 2. [A] protective [B] dangerous [C] sufficient [D]troublesome 3. [A] Instead [B] However [C] Likewise [D] Therefore 4. [A] indicator [B] objective [C] origin [D] example 5. [A] impact [B] relevance [C] assistance [D] concern 6. [A] in terms of [B] in case of [C] in favor of [D] in of 7. [A] measures [B] determines [C] equals [D] modifies 8. [A] in essence [B] in contrast [C] in turn [D] in part 9. [A] complicated [B] conservative [C] variable [D] straightforward 10. [A] so [B] unlike [C] since [D] unless 11. [A] shape [B] spirit [C] balance [D] taste 12. [A] start [B] quality [C] retire [D] stay 13. [A] strange [B] changeable [C] normal [D] constant 14. [A] option [B] reason [C] opportunity [D] tendency 15. [A] employed [B] pictured [C] imitated [D] monitored 16. [A] [B] combined [C] settled [D] associated
考研英语阅读理解精读100篇之经济类
考研英语阅读理解精读100篇之经济类 unit1 unit1 Some of the concerns surrounding Turkey’s application to join the European Union, to be voted on by the EU’s Council of Ministers on December 17th, are economic-in particular, the country’s relative poverty. Its GDP per head is less than a third of the average for the 15 pre-2004 members of the EU. But it is not far off that of one of the ten new members which joined on May 1st 2004 (Latvia), and it is much the same as those of two countries, Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded accession talks with the EU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007. Furthermore, the country’s recent economic progress has been, according to Donald Johnston, the secretary-general of the OECD, "stunning". GDP in the second quarter of the year was 13.4% higher than a year earlier, a rate of growth that no EU country comes close to matching. Turkey’s inflation rate has just fallen into single figures for the first time since 1972, and this week the country reached agreement with the IMF on a new three-year, $10 billion economic programme that will, according to the IMF’s managing director, Rodrigo Rato, "help Turkey... reduce inflation toward European levels, and enhance the economy’s resilience". Resilienc e has not historically been the country’s economic strong point. As recently as 2001, GDP fell by over 7%. It fell by more than 5% in 1994, and by
安徽财经大学 2 0 11年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 （答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效） 考试科目：管理学 一、概念辨析题（在论述概念的基础上，比较两者的区别和联系。 每小题1 0分，小计50分） 1．X理论，Y理论 2．程序性计划，非程序性计划 3．正强化，负强化 4．前馈控制，反馈控制 5．集权式领导，民主式领导 一、判断论述题（每小题25分，小计1 00分） 1．选择一项你近期做出并给予你重大影响的决策，如：是否兼职、是否报考公务员等，分析说明： (1)做出决策的基本过程。 (2)如何从不同的备选方案做出选择。 2．假定你准备创办一家经济型酒店，规模在1 5 0人左右，并担任该酒店总经理，主要经营餐饮、小型购物中心和住宿业务，请你分别设计两种组织结构方案，比较其优势与劣势。 3．“目光远大的公司的核心价值观不需要理性的或者外在的理由，它们不随趋势和时尚的变化而变化，甚至也不随市场；状况的变化而变化”。你同意上述看法吗？请说明理由。 4．相比较于通用电气、中国石化等这样的大企业而言，为什么那些小型软件企业会更容易实现其组织文化变革呢？
安徽财经大学 20 1 2年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 （答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效） 考试科目：管理学 一、简述题（每小题1 2分，共60分） 1．管理的一个著名定义是：“通过别人并和别人一道实现组织目标。”说明管理者如何才能有效地做到这一点。 2．管理者在道德方面的领导作用应体现在哪些方面？ 3．当管理者越来越经常地使用电脑和软件工具时，他们将台皂够制定更理性的决策，你是否同意这种说法？为什么？ 4．领导生命周期理论的主要观点是什么？在现实管理实践中如何运用这种理论？ 5．“每位员工在组织控制工作中都起到了作用”，或者“控制仅 仅是管理者的责任”。你同意吗？请说明你的观点。 二、论述题（每小题30分，共9 0分） 1．随着环境的复杂性和变动性的增强，管理决策中的不确定性因素也大为增加，只有那种与外部环境相适应的组织结构才可能成为有效的组织结构。你是否同意这个观点？为什么？如果同意此观点，请说明可以通过什么方法提高组织对环境的适应性？ 2．在处理所谓外部引进人才一“空降兵”与内部培养人才一“子弟兵”的关系上，有许多企业倾向于给引进人才更多的关注，主要是给予更高的薪金与福利待遇，结果在无形之中挫伤了内部培养人才的积极性。你如何看待这个现象？ 3．创新是企业获取竞争优势的源泉。由于企业中出现的大量创新活动是有关技术方面的，技术创新成为企业创新的主要内容，因此有人认为创新就是技术创新，你如何评价这个观点？
2017年管理类联考考试大纲（综 合能力和英语二） 2016年管理类联考考试大纲（综合能力和英语二） 2016年管理类联考综合能力大纲 考试性质 综合能力考试是为高等院校和科研院所招收管理类专业学位硕士研 究生（主要包括MBA/MPA/MPAcc/MEM/MTA 等专业联考）而设置的具有选拔性质的全国联考科目，其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生是否具备攻读专业学位所必需的基本素质、一般能力和培养潜能，评价的标准是高等学校本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以利于各高等院校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔，确保专业学位硕士研究生的招生质量。 考查目标 1、具有运用数学基础知识、基本方法分析和解决问题的能力。 2、具有较强的分析、推理、论证等逻辑思维能力。 3、具有较强的文字材料理解能力、分析能力以及书面表达能力。
考试形式和试卷结构 一、试卷满分及考试时问 试卷满分为200分，考试时间为180分钟。 二、答题方式 答题方式为闭卷、笔试。不允许使用计算器。 三、试卷内容与题型结构 数学基础75分，有以下两种题型： 1）问题求解15小题，每小题3分，共45分 2）条件充分性判断10小题，每小题3分，共30分 逻辑推理30小题，每小题2分，共60分 写作2小题，其中论证有效性分析30分，论说文35分，共65分 考查内容 一、数学基础 综合能力考试中的数学基础部分主要考查考生的运算能力、逻辑推理能力、空间想象能力和数据处理能力，通过问题求解和条件充分性判断两种形式来测试。 试题涉及的数学知识范围有： (一)算术 1.整数 (1)整数及其运算 (2)整除、公倍数、公约数 (3)奇数、偶数 (4)质数、合数 2.分数、小数、百分数 3.比与比例 4.数轴与绝对值
TEXT 2 He emerged, all of a sudden, in 1957: the most explosive new poetic talent of the English post-war era. Poetry specialised, at that moment, in the wry chronicling of the everyday. The poetry of Yorkshire-born Ted Hughes, first published in a book called “The Hawk in the Rain” when he was 27, was unlike anything written by his immediate predecessors. Driven by an almost Jacobean rhetoric, it had a visionary fervour. Its most eye-catching characteristic was Hughes's ability to get beneath the skins of animals: foxes, otters, pigs. These animals were the real thing all right, but they were also armorial devices—symbols of the countryside and lifeblood of the earth in which they were rooted. It gave his work a raw, primal stink. It was not only England that thought so either. Hughes's book was also published in America, where it won the Galbraith prize, a major literary award. But then, in 1963, Sylvia Plath, a young American poet whom he had first met at Cambridge University in 1956, and who became his wife in the summer of that year, committed suicide. Hughes was vilified for long after that, especially by feminists in America. In 1998, the year he died, Hughes broke his own self-imposed public silence about their relationship in a book of loose-weave poe ms called “Birthday Letters”.In this new and exhilarating collection of real letters, Hughes returns to the issue of his first wife's death, which he calls his “big and unmanageable event”. He felt his talent muffled by the perpetual eavesdropping upon his every move. Not until he decided to publish his own account of their relationship did the burden begin to lighten. The analysis is raw, pained and ruthlessly self-aware. For all the moral torment, the writing itself has the same rush and vigour that possessed Hughes's early poetry.
2018考研管理类联考：历年英语试题（8）2018考研，真题是最有价值的参考复习资料，对于2018工商管理硕士考研的同学来说，大家一定要把真题多做几遍，这样才能够更好地理解出题的方向和模式，从而有助于自己合理的规划和安排自己的复习计划。下面是小编和考生分享的关于考研管理类联考的英语试题，供考生们参考! Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and markA,B,C,D on answer sheet1(10points) The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on June 11, 2009. It is the first worldwide epidemic ___1___ by the Word Health Organization in 41 years. The heightened alert ____2___ an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that assembled after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising _____3___ in Britain, Japan, Chile and elsewhere. But the epidemic is” ____4____” in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organization’s director general, ____5___ the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full recovery, often in the ____6___ of any medical treatment. The outbreak came to global ____7____ in late April 2009, when Mexican authorities noted an unusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths ___8_____ healthy adults. As much of Mexico City shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to ____9____ in New York City, the southwestern United States and around the world. In the United States, new cases seemed to fade ____10____ warmer weather arrived. But in late September 2009,officials reported there was___11__ flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the ____12____ tested are the new swine flu, also known as(A)H1N1,not seasonal flu. In the U.S, it has____13____more than one million people,and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations. Federal health officials ____14___ Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began ___15___ orders from the states for the new swine flu vaccine. The new vaccine, which is different from the annual flu vaccine, is ____16___ ahead of expectations. More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009, though most of those ___17__ dose were of the FluMist nasal spray type, which is not ____18 ___ for pregnant women, people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties, heart disease or several other ___19__. But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk group，health care workers, people ___20____infants and healthy young people. 1. [A]criticized [B]appointed [C]commented [D]designated 2. [A]proceeded [B]activated [C]followed [D]prompted
管理学原理总复习资料与参考答案 单项选择题： 1、以下不属于管理职能的是——。 A、组织活动 B、控制活动 C、有效获取资源 D、计划与决策 2、——是科学管理理论的杰出代表人物。 A、泰罗 B、法约尔 C、韦伯 D、孔茨 3、——提出了著名的需求层次理论。 A、梅奥 B、韦伯 C、麦格雷戈 D、马斯洛 4、——可以很好地说明组织中有一些颇具吸引力的目标却无人问津。 A、公平理论 B、期望理论 C、双因素理论 D、需求层次理论 5、某企业生产某种产品，固定成本为160000元，单位变动成本为10000元，每台售价12000元，试计算该产品的盈亏平衡点是——。 A、14台 B、12.5台 C、7.3台 D、80台 6、统一命令原则是指——。 A、每人只能有一个上司 B、权责对等 C、责任不可委任 D、反映组织系统的互关系 7、以追随者对领导的认同感为基础的权力是属于以下哪种权力——。 A、专家权力 B、个人影响权力 C、奖励权力 D、强制权力 E、合法权力 8、外在的成就象征，比如职称、专用车位等可以满足以下哪种需要——。 A、生理需要 B、安全需要 C、社会需要 D、自尊需要 E、自我实现需要 答案：1、C 2、A 3、D 4、B 5、D 6、A 7、B 8、D 1、赫茨伯格提出了——理论 A、需求层次 B、双因素 C 、激励需求 D 、期望 2、管理控制系统实质上也是一个——系统 A 、自动控制 B、完全开放 C、信息反馈 D、完全封闭 3、反馈控制方法中，最重要的，又是最困难的是—— A、财务报告分析 B、标准成本分析 C、质量控制分析 D、工作人员成绩评定 4、最普遍采用的划分部门的方法是按——划分 A、时间 B、职能 C、产品 D、设备 5、将管理活动分为计划、组织、指挥、协调、控制的是—— A、法约尔 B、韦伯 C 、德鲁克 D、巴纳德 6、直线型组织结构一般适用于—— A、大型企业 B、跨国公司 C、现场作业管理 D、实行专业化管理的组织 7“知人善任”体现了人员配备的——原理 A职务要求明确B公开竞争 C 用人之长 D 不断培养 8. 主管人员考评最常见的方式是—— A自我考评 B 群众考评C上级考评 D 同事考评
2016年考研管理类联考英语二真题
绝密★启用前 2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试 管理类专业硕士联考 2016年管理类专硕联考英语(二)试题及详解 考生注意事项 1. 考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则 2. 选择题的答案须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类 型答题卡上的答案无效。 3. 其他题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答，凡做在试 卷上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。 4 .交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考 生交卷的凭据）。否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。
Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggest that happiness might influence___1___firms work, too. Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper.___2___, firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development ). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking ___3___ for making investments for the future. The researchers wanted to know if the ___4___ and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would ___5___the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’ average happiness ___6___by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas. ___7___enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were ___8___.But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities ___9___why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various ___10___that might make firms more likely to invest – like size, industry, and sales – and for indicators that a place was ___11___to live in, like growth in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally ___12___even after accounting for these things. The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors ___13___to “less codified decision making process” and the possible presence of “younger and less ___14___managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.” The relationship was ___15___stronger in places where happiness was spread more ___16___.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality. ___17___this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least ___18___at that possibilit y. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help ___19___how executives think about the future. “It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and ___20___R&D m ore than the average,” said one researcher. 1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when 2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion