管道预制导则
pipe-prefabrication guidelines
目录
Contents
第一章焊接规范及要求
Chapter 1 Code and requirements for welding
第二章焊接材料
Chapter 2 Welding materials
第三章管道加工
Chapter 3 Piping machining
第四章焊接检验
Chapter 4 Welding inspection
第五章焊接试件
Chapter 5 Welded joint specimens
第六章管道安装
Chapter 6 Erection of piping
第七章安全事项
Chapter 7 Safety proceeding
第八章引用标准
Chapter 8 Executive Standards
一焊接规范及要求Code and requirements for welding
1 适用于含碳量≤0.3%的碳素钢、低合金结构钢、低温钢、耐热钢、不锈钢、耐热耐蚀高合金钢现场焊接设备和管道的手工电弧焊、氩弧焊、二氧化碳气体保护焊、埋弧焊及氧乙炔焊；
This file is applicable to weld(such as manual arc welding、argon arc welding、CO2 shield welding、submerged arc welding and oxyacetylene welding) at plant between carbon steel(Carbon Content≤0.3%)、Low alloy structure steel、low temperature steel、heat-resistant steel、stainless steel、high alloy steel equipments or piping.
2 焊接设备、检验设备等均应具有参数稳定、调节灵活、安全可靠的性能，并能满足焊接工艺的要求；
Welders、checking devices etc. must have stable parameter、flexible conditioning、safety capacity，and could appease welding technology.
3 施焊环境应符合下列规定：
Welding environment should accord with following rules:
1）焊接的环境温度应能保证焊件焊接所需的足够温度和焊工技能不受影响；
Welding environment temperature should guarantee that weldment needed enough temperature and welder’s ability couldn’t be affected;
2）焊接时的风速不应超过下列规定，当超过规定时，应有防风设施：
The wind speed during welding should not upwards of following rules, the facility must be done if the wind speed is overed:
①手工电弧焊、埋弧焊、氧乙炔焊：8m/s
manual arc welding、submerged arc welding and oxyacetylene welding: 8m/s
②氩弧焊、二氧化碳气体保护焊：2m/s
argon arc welding、CO2 shield welding: 2m/s
3）焊接电弧1m范围内的相对湿度不得大于90%；
The relative humidity within 1m of welding arc must ≤90%;
4）当焊件表面潮湿、覆盖有冰雪，或在下雨、下雪刮风期间，焊工及焊件无保护措施时，不应进行焊接；
Welding should not be done when weldment surface humidity、covered with snow and ice,or welder and weldment have no protect during raining、snowing、winding;
4 焊接人员、无损检测人员均应持有相应资格证书；
Welder and non-destructive testing personnel must have relevant certificate of competency;
5 每名焊工应有施工单位统一规定的代号和相应的钢印字头，低温钢管道、不锈钢管道的焊接接头应用记号笔作出焊工代号标识；其他管道的焊接接头宜用钢印作出焊工代号的标识，标识深度不大于0.5mm；Every welder must has a symbol and relevant steel seal by construction unit’s specified. Welder’s symbol must be signed with marker for welded joint of low temperature piping、stainless steel piping; other’s could be signed with steel seal, sign depth ≤0.5mm;
6 焊缝的设置应避开应力集中区，便于焊接和热处理，并应符合下列规定：
Weld seam’s collocation must be avoided stress raiser, easy to weld and heat treatment, and accorded with following rules:
厚的3倍，且不应小于100mm；同一筒节上两相邻纵缝间的距离不应小于200mm；
For steel plate rolled-up cylinder、vessels’ shell to shell、shell to head pairing, the distance between closer lengthways welding should ＞thrice wall thickness and ≥100mm; the distance between closer lengthways welding should≥200mm on same shell;
2）除焊接及成型管件外的其他管子对接焊缝的中心到管子弯曲起点的距离不应小于管子外径，且不应小于100mm；管子对接焊缝与支、吊架边缘之间的距离不应小于50mm。同一直管段上两对接焊缝中心面间的距离：当公称直径大于或等于150mm时不应小于150mm；公称直径小于150mm时不应小于管子外径；
The distance between butt welding center to bend point should not less than pipe outside
diameter and ≥100mm except pipe fittings; The distance between pipe’s butt welding to edge of support、hanger should not less than 50mm; The distance between two butt welding center on same straight pipe:should not less than 150mm when nominal size≥150mm; should not less than pipe outside diameter when nominal size＜150mm;
3）不宜在焊缝及其边缘上开孔，当不可避免时，应对开孔直径1.5倍或开孔补强板直径范围内的焊缝进行无损检验，确认焊缝合格后方可开孔，补强板覆盖的焊缝应磨平；
It isn’t good to opening on welding or edge, when ineluctability, the non-destructive testing should be done for welding within diameter area of 1.5 times opening or reinforcement pad, opening could be done after checked out, the welding covered with reinforcement pad must be rubdown;
7 焊件组对前应将坡口及其内外侧表面不小于10mm范围内的油、漆、垢、锈、毛刺及镀锌层等清除干净，且不得有裂纹、夹层等缺陷；
The surface and the area of inside、outside not less than10mm of welding groove must be cleaned up before pairing, such as oil、paint、dirt、rust、burr and zinc coat, weld defect such as crack、interlayer etc. is never allowed;
8 管子、管件的坡口形式和尺寸应符合设计文件规定，当设计文件无规定时，可按下表的规定确定：
Groove type and dimension of pipe、pipe fitting should accord with design documents, and can according to following table if design documents have no provision:
9 管道坡口加工宜采用机械方法，也可采用等离子弧、氧乙炔焰等热加工方法。采用热加工方法加工坡口后，应除去坡口表面的氧化皮、熔渣及影响接头质量的表面层，并应将凹凸不平处打磨平整； Pipe groove should be done by machine, and may be done by hot finished method too, such as
plasma arc 、oxyacetylene; if use hot finished method, oxidation 、sinter 、surface layer who will affect welding quality should be removed, and burnished to flat;
10 管道组成件组对时，对坡口及其内外表面进行的清理应符合下表的规定；清理合格后应及时焊接； When pairing, according to following table to clean groove and it ’s surface inside and outside; weld immediately after check out;
11 除设计文件规定的管道冷拉伸或冷压缩焊口外，不得强行组对；
Weld joint must not be forced assembly except which is cold pull pipe or cold extrusion pipe by design document;
12 管道对接焊口的组对应做到内壁齐平，内壁错边量应小于壁厚的10%，且不大于2mm;
Inside wall should be guaranteed flat for pipe butt welding pairing, offset of plate edges of inside wall should less than 10% of wall thickness and ≤2mm;
13 不等厚管道组成件组对时，当内壁错边量超过上条的规定或外壁错边量大于3mm 时,应按下图进行修整：For pairing with disaffinity wall thickness pipe, when offset of plate edges of inside wall is overed of above item or offset of plate edges of outside wall is＞3mm, should accord to following drawing to adjust:
注：用于管件且受长度条件限制时,图(a)①、(b) ①和(c)中的15o角可改用30o角。
Note: in drawing (a)①、(b) ①and(c): the degree 15ocan be changed to 30o when use for
pipe fitting and length condition is limited.
14 在焊接和热处理过程中，应将焊件垫置牢固；
15 当对螺纹接头采用密封焊时，外露螺纹应全部密封；
Revealative male thread should be all pressurized when weld threaded joint;
16 对管内清洁要求较高且焊接后不易清理的管道，其焊缝底层应采用氩弧焊施焊。机组的循环油、控制油、密封油管道，当采用承插焊时，承口与插口的轴向不宜留间隙；
For some pipe, which inside clean grade is higher or difficult to clean after welded, argon arc weld should be taken to weld bottom welding; for oil pipe, socket and spigot should not haven clearance at axial direction when use socket welding;
17 法兰的焊接按相应法兰标准，螺栓孔应跨中布置；
Flange to pipe weld according to relevant flange standard, bolt holes of flange shall be straddled on axis of the pipe;
18 尺寸在DN25以下的焊接阀门焊接时应将阀门打开；
Welding valves which diameter ≤25mm should be opened during welding;
19 与母材焊接的工卡具，其材质宜与母材相同或同一类别号，拆除工卡具时不应损伤母材，拆除后应将残留焊疤打磨修整至与母材表面齐平；
For chucking appliance, which is welded to base metal, it’s material should be the same with base metal or same class, should not damnify the base metal when backout, rudimental crater should be burnished to flat with base metal surface after backout;
20 严禁在坡口之外的母材表面引弧和试验电流，并应防止电弧擦伤母材；
Prohibit to strike arc and test electricity at base metal surface out of groove, and avoid arc to bruise base metal;
21 对含铬量大于3%或合金元素总含量大于5%的焊件，氩弧焊打底焊接时，焊缝内侧应充氩气或其他保护气体，或采取其他防止内侧焊缝金属被氧化的措施；
For some weldments, which Chromium content ＞0.3% or concentration of alloying element ＞0.5%, inside welding should be puffed with argon or other protective gas when use argon arc backing weld, or take other measure to avoid inside welding metal be oxidation;
22 焊接时应采取合理的施焊方法和施焊顺序；
Logical weld method and sequence should be taken during welding;
23 施焊过程中应保证起弧和收弧处的质量，收弧时应将弧坑填满，多层焊的层间接头应错开；
Welding quality at scratch start and run-out position should be guaranteed, crater should be filled in at fade-out, weld joint should be staggered for multi-layer welding;
24 管子焊接时管内应防止穿堂风；
Draught should be avoided during pipe welding;
25 除工艺或检验要求需分次焊接外，每条焊缝宜一次连续焊完，当因故中断焊接时，应根据工艺要求采取保温缓冷或后热等防止产生裂纹的措施，再次焊接前应检查焊层表面，确认无裂纹后，方可按原工艺要求继续施焊；
Each welding should be completed continuously except dispart weld by technology or inspection; if interrupt welding, some measure according to technology, such as heat preservation cooling slowly or post-heat etc shout be done to avoid crack, welding could be carried over by original technology after
26 应根据设计规定对奥氏体不锈钢焊缝及其附近表面进行酸洗、钝化处理；
Welding and it’s round surface of austenitic stainless steel should be acid pickled and passivated according to design rules;
二焊接材料Welding materials
1 母材——被焊工件材料
base metal__ weldment material
常用管道材料牌号、化学成分对照见下表
Material trademark、chemical composition of staple pipe refer to following table:
2 焊接材料
Welding material
1）焊接材料包括焊条、焊丝、焊剂、气体、电极和衬垫等，焊接材料质量证明书的特性数据应符合相应标准的规定，且满足设计文件的要求；
Welding material contains electrode、wire、flux、gas、pole and pad etc, characteristic data in quality certificate of welding material should accord with standard and satisfy with design
documents;
2）焊接材料选用原则：
principle of welding material select:
①根据母材的化学成分、力学性能、焊接接头的抗裂性，焊接工艺评定、负荷类型、施工条件、
操作习惯、材料来源等因素综合确定；
Accord with base metal chemical composition、mechanical properties、jointing
fission-resistance、welding procedure qualification、load type、construction condition、work custom、metal source to all-around confirm;
②焊接工艺性能良好；
Good welding technology capability;
③焊缝金属的性能应等于或高于相应母材标准规定值的下限，并满足设计文件规定的技术要求；
Welding metal capability should≥lower limit value of base metal and satisfy with technical
requirement by redesign documents rules;
④相同钢号相焊时的焊缝金属，应符合下列规定：
Welding metal capability between sameness steel grade should accord with following rules:
a 碳素钢、碳锰低合金钢的焊缝金属应保证力学性能，且不应超过母材标准规定抗拉强度
的上限；
be guaranteed and not exceed upper limit of tensile strength by base metal standard
regulated;
b 铬钼低合金钢的焊缝金属应保证化学成分和力学性能，且需控制抗拉强度的上限；
For Cr-Mo low alloy steel, mechanical properties and chemical composition of welding
metal should be guaranteed and control upper limit of tensile strength;
c 高合金钢的焊缝金属应保证力学性能和耐腐蚀性能，可选用镍基焊材；
For high alloy steel, mechanical properties and corrosion resistant capability of welding
metal should be guaranteed, can choose nickel-based welding material;
⑤不同钢号相焊时的焊缝金属，应符合下列规定:
Welding metal should accord with following rules when dissimilar metal combinations:
a 碳素钢、低合金钢之间的焊缝金属应保证力学性能，推荐采用与强度级别较低的母材匹
配的焊接材料或选用介于之间的焊材；
For carbon steel、low alloy steel, mechanical properties of welding metal should be
guaranteed, commend to use welding material which matched of lower strength level
base metal or between them;
b 碳素钢、低合金钢与奥氏体不锈钢之间的焊缝金属应保证抗裂性能和力学性能，推荐采
用25Cr-13Ni型或含镍量更高的焊接材料；
For carbon steel、low alloy steel welded to austenitic stainless steel, mechanical
properties and cracking strength of welding metal should be guaranteed, commend to
use 25Cr-13Ni type or higher nickel content welding material;
3）焊条、焊丝、焊剂应存储在清洁干燥的库房内，距墙面及地面均不得小于300mm,相对湿度不得大于69%；焊接材料的储存、保管、烘烤、发放、回收等，施工单位应有严格的管理制度，并符合焊接工艺的要求；
Electrode、wire、flux should be placed in clean、dry storeroom, distance to wall and floor≥300mm, relative humidity≤69%; construction unit’s should have stringent rules about welding material storage、keeping、firing、distribute、callback etc, and should accord with welding technology; 4）手工钨极氩弧焊宜采用铈钨棒，使用的氩气纯度应在99.96%以上，含水量应小于20mg/L；Manual argon tungsten arc welding is ought to use cerium-tungsten stick, ues pure number≥99.96% 、water content ＜20mg/L argon gas;
5）焊条使用前，必须经烘烤合格，并严格控制烘烤时间与温度，烘箱与保温箱应有温度自动控制仪；
Electrode must be roasted and checked out before employed, and control time and temperature austerely during firing, oven and heat preservation box should be equipped with automatic temperature corrector;
6）不得同时烘烤不同烘烤温度要求的焊条；
Electrode must not be roasted synchronously if firing temperature requirement differently;
7）每名焊工均应配备焊条保温筒，做到随用随取，烘烤合格的焊条从烘箱或保温箱取出后，应立即装入保温筒内，并妥善封盖；
Each welder should equip electrode heated quiver for use momentarily, regular firing electrode
preservation box;
3 推荐使用的焊接材料，见下表：
Welding material be commend to use refer to following table:
三管道加工Piping machining
1 管道切割
Cutting pipe
1）碳素钢管、合金钢管宜采用机械方法切割。当采用氧乙炔火焰切割时，必须保证尺寸正确和表面平整。
Carbon steel、alloy steel pipe should be cut by machine, when use oxyacetylene to cut, must guarantee dimension rightly and cut flatly;
2）不锈钢管、有色金属管应采用机械或等离子方法切割。不锈钢管及钛管用砂轮切割或修磨时，
应使用专用砂轮片。
Stainless steel pipe、non-ferrous metal pipe should be
cut by machine or plasma arc; Use grinding wheel to
cut or sharpen stainless steel pipe and titanic steel pipe,
and use special abrasive disc;
3）镀锌钢管宜用钢锯或机械方法切割。
Use hacksaw or machine to cut galvanized steel pipe;
4）管子切口质量应符合下列规定：
Quality of pipe cut should accord with following rules:
①切口表面应平整，无裂纹、重皮、毛刺、凸凹、缩口、熔渣、氧化物、铁屑等。
Cut surface should be unknitted and no crake、lap 、burr、male and female、shrinkage、
slag、oxide、scrap iron etc;
②切口端面倾斜偏差△(右图)不应大于管子外径的1%，且不得超过3mm。
Tolerance of incline of cut surface end △(right drawing) should not more than 1% of pipe
outside diameter and ≤3mm;
2 夹套管制作
Jacket pipe fabrication
1）夹套管预制时，应预留调整管段，其调节裕量宜为 50~100mm。
When pre-fabricate jacket pipe, modification segment should be obligated, regulating margin should be 50~100mm;
2）夹套管的加工，应符合设计文件的规定。当主管有焊缝时，该焊缝应按相同类别管道的探伤比例进行射线照相检验，并经试压合格后，方可封入夹套。
Jacket pipe fabrication should accord with design documents; when main pipe has welding, this welding should be radiogram checked according to sameness pipe flaw detection proportion;
3）套管与主管间隙应均匀，并应按设计文件规定焊接支承块。支承块不得妨碍主管与套管的胀缩。
Clearance between main pipe and jacket should be guaranteed equality, and should weld
supporting piece according to design documents; supporting piece can’t disturb expansion
between main pipe and jacket;
4）主管加工完毕后，焊接部位应裸露进行压力试验。试验压力应以主管的内部或外部设计压力大
不降压、无渗漏为合格。
After main pipe processed over, pressure test should be done at a test pressure value based on the bigger with inside or outside pressure of main pipe when jointing uncovered, steady 10min;
if no leak、no distortion by eyeballing, then pressure will be dropped to design value and steady 30min, no pressure loss and no leak could be passed;
5）夹套管加工完毕后．套管部分应按设计压力的1.5倍进行压力试验。
After Jacket pipe processed over, pressure test should be done at a value 1.5 * design pressure for jacket;
6）弯管的夹套组焊，应在主管弯曲完毕并经探伤合格后进行。
Jacket welding for syphon should be done after main pipe curved and flaw detection checked out;
7）输送熔融介质管道的内表面焊缝，应平整光滑，不得有突出的焊瘤。其质量应符合设计文件的规定。
For feeding melting medium pipe, welding inside surface should be guaranteed flat and lubricity, and had no extrusive overlap; the quality should accord with design rules;
8）当夹套管组装有困难时，套管可采用剖分组焊的形式，其复原焊接应保证质量。
When jacket is hardly to assemble, the jacket can be split, the welding quality recovered should be guaranteed;
9）夹套管的主管管件，应使用无缝或压制对接管件，不得使用斜接弯头。
Main pipe fittings of jacket should be seamless or pressing, oblique elbow is not allowed;
10）夹套弯管的套管和主管，应保证其同轴度，偏差不得超过3mm。
The coaxial tolerance between main elbow and jacket must less than 3mm;
11）套管上的连通管管口应预先开孔，套管应按各段编号进行组焊，焊接后应及时清理内腔。
The connected nozzle on jacket should be advance opened, jacket should be welded accord with apiece number, lumen should be cleared in time after welding;
3 弯管制作
Syphon fabrication
1）制作弯管可采用冷弯和热弯两种工艺进行；
Syphon fabrication can use cold or heat bending technics;
2）钢管冷弯宜采用机械法，当管子公称尺寸大于25mm时，宜采用电动或液压弯管机、顶管机弯制，当管子公称尺寸小于等于25mm时，宜采用手动弯管器弯制；
Steel cold bending ought to use machine, when pipe nominal size ＞25mm, ought to use electric or hydraulic pressure bender、push bench to bend, when pipe nominal size ≤25mm, ought to use manual bender to bend;
3）弯管的最小弯曲半径应符合下表要求：
Min radius of curvature of syphon should accord with following table:
Dw为管道外径。
Dw—pipe outside diameter
四焊接检验Welding inspection
1 焊接前的检查
pre-weld inspection
1）工程使用的母材及焊接材料，使用前应严格检查和验收，不合格者不得使用；
Base metal and welding material for engineering used should be checked and accepted
austerely before use, and mustn’t use reject;
2）组对前应对各零部件的主要结构尺寸、坡口尺寸、坡口表面进行检查，质量符合设计文件和相关标准的要求；
Every part’s dimension of main construction、groove and groove surface should be checked before pairing, the quality ought to accord with design documents and relative standards;
3）组对后应检查组对构件的形状、位置、错边量、角变形、组对间隙和搭接接头的搭接量，确认其符合设计文件和相关标准的要求；
The figure、position、offset of plate edges、angular deformation、pairing clearance and overlap length after pairing, confirm them accord with design documents and relative standards;
4）焊接前应检查坡口及坡口两侧的清理质量，其清理宽度及清理后的表面应符合本文件要求；
Groove and it’s ambilateral surface cleaning quality should be checked, the cleaning width and surface should accord with this file;
5）焊接前应检查施焊环境、焊接工装设备、焊接材料的干燥及清理，确认其符合本文件和相关标准的要求；
Welding environment、welders、dryness and cleaning for welding material should be checked before welding, confirm them accord with design documents and relative standards;
2 焊接中的检查
Inspection during welding
1）定位焊缝焊接完后，应清除渣皮进行检查，对发现的缺陷应消除后方可进行焊接；
Tack weld should be checked with slag cover cleaned out after welding, weld can be done after discoverable defect eliminated;
2）当对焊缝层次有明确规定时，应检查焊接层数，层次数及每层的厚度应符合相关规定；
Number of welding layer should be checked when have specific rules about welding layer, layer number and each layer thickness should accord with relative rules;
3）多层焊每层焊完后，应立即对层间进行清理，并进行外观检查，发现的缺陷消除后方可进行下一层的焊接；
For multi-layer welding, layer-to-layer cleaning and appearance inspection should be done after each layer welded, next layer can be welded after discoverable defect eliminated;
4）对规定进行层间无损检测的焊缝，应在外观检查合格后进行，表面无损检测应在射线检测及超声波检验前进行，经检验的焊缝在评定合格后方可继续焊接；
Layer-to-layer non-destructive testing should be done after appearance checked out, surface non-destructive testing should be done before radiographic testing and ultrasonic testing,
5）焊接双面焊件时应清理并检查焊缝根部的背面，消除缺陷后方可施焊背面焊缝；
The back of welding root should be cleaned and checked for double-sided welding, back welding can be welded after discoverable defect eliminated;
3 焊接后的检查
Inspection after welding
1）焊接完成后应立即去除渣皮、飞溅物，清理干净焊缝表面，进行焊缝外观检查；
Slag cover、spatter should be wiped off immediately after finished welding, clean up the welding surface and appearance inspection;
2）焊缝质量按“五-6”的附表进行分级；
Welding quality accord with attached table “five-6”to grade;
3）设计文件规定焊缝系数为1的焊缝或规定进行100%射线检测的焊缝，其外观质量不得低于“五-6”
的附表中的Ⅱ级；
For welding which joint efficiency =1 or prescribed to do 100% radiographic testing, it’s
appearance quality mustn’t less than Ⅱclass refer to attached table “five-6”;
4）设计文件规定进行局部射线检测的焊缝，其外观质量不得低于“五-6”的附表中的Ⅲ级；
For welding which prescribed to do local radiographic testing by design documents, it’s
appearance quality mustn’t less than Ⅲclass refer to attached table “five-6”;
5）不要求进行无损检测的焊缝，其外观质量不得低于“五-6”的附表中的Ⅳ级；
For welding which not requested to do non-destructive testing, it’s appearance quality mustn’t less than Ⅳclass refer to attached table “five-6”;
6）对规定进行表面无损检验的焊缝，其检验方法、检验数量及质量应符合设计文件和相关标准的规定；
For welding which prescribed to do surface non-destructive testing, the inspection method、inspection amount and quality should accord with design documents and relative standards;
7）对焊缝无损检验时发现的不允许缺陷，应消除后进行补焊，并对补焊处用原规定的方法进行检验，直至合格；对规定进行局部无损检验的焊缝，当发现不允许缺陷时，应进一步用原规定的方法进行扩大检验，扩大检验的数量应执行设计文件及相关标准；
The unallowed defect during non-destructive testing should be eliminated and then repair
welding, use original prescribed method to inspect repaired area until checked out; For welding which prescribed to do local radiographic testing, if find unallowed defect, the inspection area should be enlarged by original prescribed method, the amount of enlarged inspection should accord with design documents and relative standards;
8）对规定进行局部射线检验的焊缝，其检验位置应由质检人员指定；
For welding which prescribed to do local radiographic testing, the inspection place should be appointed by quality inspector;
9）射线检验应在被检验的焊缝覆盖前或影响检验作业的工序前进行；
Radiographic testing should be done before inspected welding covered, or before the working procedure which affect inspection;
10）当必须在焊缝上开孔或开孔补强时，应对开孔直径1.5倍或开孔补强板直径范围内的焊缝进行
It isn’t good to opening on welding or edge, when ineluctability, the non-destructive testing should be done for welding within diameter area of 1.5 times opening or reinforcement pad, opening could be done after checked out, the welding covered with reinforcement pad must be rubdown; 11）设计文件没有规定进行射线检验的焊缝，质检人员应对全部焊缝的可见部分进行外观检查，其质量应符合“五-6”的附表中的Ⅳ级，质检人员对焊缝部可见部分的外观质量有怀疑时，应做进一步检验；
For welding which not requested to do non-destructive testing by design documents, the eyeable area of all welding should be appearance inspected by quality inspector, it’s quality mustn’t less than Ⅳclass refer to attached table “five-6”, if the quality inspector has suspicion about eyeable appearance quality, farther inspection should be done;
12）焊缝的强度试验及严密性试验应在射线检验合格后进行；
Strength testing and leakproofness testing for welding should be done after radiographic testing checked out;
13）焊缝焊完后应在焊缝附近做焊工标记及其他规定的标记；
Welder sign and other prescribed sign should be done nearby welding after completed welding;
五焊接试件Welded joint specimens
1 采用新材料、新焊接工艺焊接管道时，应制作模拟环焊缝的焊接试件；
Welded joint specimens which simulated circumferential seam should be fabricated when use new material、new welding technology to weld pipe;
2 在确认了材料的焊接性能后，应在工程焊接前对被焊接材料进行焊接工艺评定；
Welding procedure qualification should be done before engineering welding and after confirmed the welding performance of material;
3 焊接工艺评定试件的坡口加工、组对及清理等措施应符合有关规定；
Welded joint specimens for procedure qualification, groove、pairing and cleaning etc should accord with relative rules;
4 在本装置中，应分别制作0Cr18Ni9薄壁管道、20钢薄壁管道、0Cr18Ni9熔体管道的焊接试件；
In this plant, the welded joint specimens such as 0Cr18Ni9 thin-walled pipe、20 steel thin-walled pipe、0Cr18Ni9 pipe for melting should be done respectively;
5 焊接试件应由焊接产品的焊工焊接，并于焊接后打上焊工和检验员代号钢印；
The welded joint specimens should be welded by the welder who will weld the product, and make sign of welder and quality inspector after completed welding;
6 焊接试件经外观检查和射线检测，焊缝质量不低于上表中的Ⅱ级标准；如不合格允许返修但需按相应规定返修；如不返修，可避开缺陷部位截取试样；
After appearance inspection and radiographic testing, the welding quality of welded joint specimens mustn’t less than Ⅱclass refer to following table; repair is allowed and must accord with relative rules to repair if disqualification; if not repair, sample can be intercepted avoid defect area;
7 焊接试件截取试样的力学性能检验按当地有关标准进行；
Mechanical properties inspection about intercepted sample of welded joint specimens will be done accord with relative local standards;