表语从句
表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词
的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。
The problem is puzzling. 这个问题令人困惑。（主语+连系动词+形容词作表语）
The problem is when we can get a pay rise.问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪。
（主语+连系动词+句子作表语（表语从句））
※连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether, how, whoever，whomever，whichever ，whatever等。还有如because, as if, as though等。
His suggestion is good.
His suggestion is that we should stay calm.
The question is confusing.
The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
※表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.
Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
※引导名词性从句时if/whether（是否）用法辨析：
if不能引导表语从句，只能用whether 来引导。
引导宾语从句时if/whether可以互换，但介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether来引导。
位于句首的主语从句只能用whether来引导，同位语从句也只能用whether来引导。
False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.
※不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。
Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.
※that在表语从句中不可以省掉。表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是连系动词。
例如：The problem is how we can get the things we need.（how 在表语从句中充当方式状语）The scissors are not what I need.（what 在表语从句中充当宾语)
What I told him was that I would find him a good play.（what在主语从句中作直接宾语，that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分，但不能省略）
That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要对你讲的。（what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)
That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原因。（why 在表语从句中充当原
因状语）
※“That is why...”是常用句型，意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”，其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语，该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结，又如：That is why you see this old woman before you know,Jeanne.珍妮，这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。（前文提到
Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异，说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后，用这一句来进行概括）。
// That is why I came. 这就是我来的原因。
结构之间的关系要能够辨析清下面是两个与“That is why...”形式相似的结构，它们与“That is why...”
楚：
同义，只不过从语法结构上讲，“That is the reason (1）“That is why...”与“That is the reason why...”
结构一样，例如：中why引导的是—个定语从句，将其中的the reason去掉则与“That is why...”
why...”
That is (the reason) why I cannot agree.
(2）“That is because...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语，这也是个常用句型，
之间的不同在于“That is
意为“这就是为什么……／因为……”。“That is because...”与“That is why...”
则指由于各种原因所造成的后果，例如：
指原因或理由，“That is why...”
because...”
He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.
昨天晚上他没有去看电影，那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。（第一句话说明结果，第二句话说明原
因）
He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night.他以前曾看过那部电影，因此他
昨天晚上没有去看。（第一句话说明原因，第二句话说明结果）
The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. (2007上海)
A. when
B. why
C. whether
D. that
※宾语从句和表语从句都属于名词性从句。其作用跟名词在句中的作用相同。故充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句，充当表语的句子叫表语从句。
宾语从句
（1）对于宾语从句要掌握以下三点
①语序：从句的语序必须是陈述句语序，即“主语+谓语”这种形式。
②时态：当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候，从句可以是任何时态，而当主句是一般过去
时的时候，从句，从句时态必须是过去时范围的时态，即（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成
时，过去将来时）。
③连接词：当从句意思完整，主句意思肯定时，连接词用that，且可以省去，当从句意思完整，
主句意思不确定或含否定含意时，常用if或whether（是否），当从句意思不完整时，连接词则
是代替不完整部分的特殊疑问词。
※that不可省略
宾语从句that常可省略，但在以下情况下不能省略
A．当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that，其他不能省略。
eg．I believe（that）you have done your best and thatthings will get better．
B．当it作形式宾语时
eg．She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him．
C．当宾语从句前置时
eg．That our team will win，I believe．
动词的宾语从句
大多数及物动词都可以带宾语从句
We all expect （that ）they will win,for members of their team are stronger..
He told us （that）they would help us through the whole work..
部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句
I have found out （that）all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.
Can you work out （that）how much we will spend during the trip
动词短语也可以带宾语从句
常见的这些词有：
make sure确保make u p one’s mind下决心keep in mind牢记
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.
可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe,think等后面有宾语补足语的时候，则需要用it做形式宾语而将that 宾语从句后置.
I think it necessary that we take plenty of drinks every day .
-together.
I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.
We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this matter.
②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it（双宾语）
这类动词主要有：hate,take,owe,have,see to.award,lend.hand, mail, offer, pass, pay, post, read, return,
show, teach, tell
I hate it when they say with their mouths full of food.
He will have it that our plan is really practical.
We take it that you will agree with us.
When you start the engine,you must see to it that car is in neutral.
③若宾语从句是wh-类，则不可用it代替
We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.
We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.
Can you tell me if there any shop here?
介词的宾语从句
用whether之类的介词宾语从句：
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
The new book is about how Shenzhou 20 manned spaceship was sent up into space.
用that,if引导的介词宾语从句
有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句
I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.
形容词的宾语从句
有些形容词具有动词的含义，所以也可以带一个宾语从句，例如；
1. 1. I am sorry I am late.
2. I am glad that you can join us.
3. Are you sure his answer is right?
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有：sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
I am sure I will pass the exam.
I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
if与whether
①if和whether在作“是否”解时，引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后，介词后一般不用if
②少数动词，如：leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.
③whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.
④在不定式前只能用whether.
（如：I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。）
后表“是否”用whether而不用if
⑥一般“no matter”
不省略引导词that
当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时；
当宾语从句较长时；
当主语状语置于主句尾，宾语从句之前时；
当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时；
当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，此时第一个that可以省略，第二个that不可以省略；
当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时；
当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时；
当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时；
当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时；
当宾语从句有it做其先行词时；
在直接引语中，转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.
当that在从句中充当主语时
否定转移
主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等，并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.
e to my party.
I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t com
我认为他不会来我的舞会.
I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的，是不是
如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词，其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.通常我们称为否定前移。
We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he
时态和语序
当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.
当主句为过去时
①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生
I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know which country he was in.
He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.
②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前
He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.
③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.
④如果从句是一个客观真理，那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化
The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.
⑤当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时，不能按正常语序安排，经常将这类引导词置于句首
Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year
Can you see________
A what he’s reading B. what is he reading C what does he read D. he reads what
2．Does Jack come from Japan? Do you know?(合并成一个句子)
Do you know_____Jack _____from Japan
3．What did your son say in the letter？
He told me that he___ the Disney the next day
A will visit B. has visited C is going to visit D. would visit
4．He didn’t know__________
A what’s the matter B.what the matter is C what was the matter D. what the matter was
5．
6．Somebody called you just now,but I didn’t know____
A who were they B. who they were C who was it D. who it was
7．I want to know_____
name B that his name is D. what his name is
A what is his name B. what’s his
7．---Could you tell me ___she is looking for
---Her cousin,susan.
A that B.whose C .who D.which
8．---What are you searching the Internet for
---I’m trying to find out____.
A What is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLU
B How many persons have died in Iraq
C How to protect our environment
D Why is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea
9．Do you know___________?(谁正在唱歌)
10．Do you know___________?(她正在和谁谈话)
11．Do you know___________?(昨天发生了什么事)
The keys: 1 A.2 if,comes.3D. 4 D. 5 D. 6 D. 7 C. 8 B
Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空 1．The trouble is that I can’t find my way. 2．We are discussing what we shall do to help the poor. 3．It depends on whether you can do the work well. 4．I wonder how you are getting on with your studies. 5．He got caught in the heavy traffic.That was why he was late. 6．Energy is what makes things work. 7．We didn’t set out; it was because we wanted to wait until our mother came back. 8．We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation. Ⅱ.单项填空 1．—Can you join us in the party this evening? —Well, that depends on ________ I can finish my report before then. A．whether B．if C．that D．when 解析：选A。句意：“你今天晚上能参加我们的聚会吗？”“嗯，那得看到时候我的报 告能不能完成。”连词whether表示“是否”，引导宾语从句。if表示“是否”，不引导介词的宾语从句；that没有意义；when“当……时”。 2．I don’t think ________ possible ________ one can master a foreign language without much memory work. A．it; whether B．it; that C．which; whether D．this; that 解析：选B。it在句中作形式宾语；possible作宾补；真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。 3．He said________he had eaten nothing for a long time and________he was very hungry. A．that; 不填B．不填；that C．不填；不填D．what; what 解析：选B。考查宾语从句中that的省略问题。said后接了两个that引导的宾语从句，其中第一个从句中的that可省略，后面的that不可省略。 4．The reason for his coming to China was ________ he wanted to study Chinese medicine. A．that B．what
【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 名词性从句——宾语从句与表语从句 二. 知识精讲 在复合句中起名词性作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，根据它在句中不同的语法功能，因此名词从句又分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 （一）宾语从句 1. 概念及引导词 在复合句中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的连接词有连接代词（who, whom, whose , what , which, whoever , whatever, whichever ）、连接副词(when , where , how, why )及从属连词(that , whether, if ). 例：John said （that）he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。 I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你对工作满意我感到很高兴。 She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高兴给他起什么名字就起什么名字。 That depends on where we shall go. 那取决于我们去哪儿。 2. 宾语从句的种类 常见的宾语从句有动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句三种。 （1）动词的宾语从句 They know that the habit may kill them.定语从句 他们知道这个习惯会害死他们。 They doubt whether or not Jack is a good student. 他们怀疑Jack是否是一个好学生。 They wanted to see which shops offered the best advice and service定语从句. 他们想了解哪家店提出的建议和提供的服务最好。 （2）介词的宾语从句 一般情况下介词后只能接wh- 类连接词引导的宾语从句，但but, except, besides等后可接that引导的宾语从句。 We are talking about what we’ll do next. 我们正在讨论下一步做什么。 I know nothing about him except that he lives here. 对于他，我只知道他住在这儿，其他一无所知。
宾语从句和表语从句 一、宾语从句要点归纳 ★宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。 ★that在引导宾语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，且通常可以省略。但如果含有两个或两个以上的并列宾语从句时，通常只有第一个从句的that可以省略，其余从句的that一般不能省略。如： My uncle said (that) he would come and that he would also bring his son. ★whether和if都意为“是否”，通常情况下，二者都可以引导宾语从句；但在介词之后或与or not连用时，只能用whether。注意：当whether与or not 不连在一起时，口语中可用if取代whether，当然也可以用whether。如： I don't know if / whether there will be trains any more. They are worrying about whether they can get there in time. I don't know whether or not I should take his advice. I'm not sure if / whether the train will arrive on time o r not. ★有时可用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句后置。如： We have made it clear that we will learn to deal with var ious difficult problems. ★在第一人称I / we与动词 think, expect, believe, guess, suppose等连用，后接宾语从句时，通常将从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词，形成否定前移。如： I don't suppose you're used to this diet. 二、表语从句要点归纳 ★表语从句一定要用陈述语序。 ★可接表语从句的词除系动词be外，还有 appear, become, look, remain, seem, sound等连系动词。如：
宾语从句和表语从句详解 名词性从句指的是在整个句子中起名词作用的从句。这种从句可以做主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，所以这类从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。各种名词性从句的结构都是相同的，即由if，whether，that和各种疑问词充当连接词，后接陈述语序。 例如：What they are doing seems very important．（主语从句） 他们在做的事似乎很重要。 My hope is that he will be the best student in the class．（表语从句） 我的愿望是他能够成为班上最好的学生。 Nobody knows who he is．（宾语从句） 大家都不知道他是谁。 I don't like the idea that money is everything．（同位语从句） 我不喜欢金钱就是一切这一观点。 引导名词性从句的连接词中，除了that，if和whether之外其它的都作从句中的一个成分。 【宾语从句】 在句子中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词有连词that，whether，if；连接代词who，which，what以及其强调形式whoever，whichever，whatever；连接副词when，where，why，how等。 例如：Do you know where the Greens live I have no interest in how rich he is． 宾语从句主要用于下面五种结构： 1．由that引导的宾语从句（that 引导宾语从句时，特别是在口语中可省略） The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets． that引导的宾语从句多用于say，think，insist，wish，hope，demand，imagine，wonder，know，suppose，see，believe，agree，admit，deny，expect，explain，order，command，feel，dream，suggest，hear，mean，notice，prefer，request，require，propose，declare，report等后。 当主句谓语动词是think，believe，suppose，expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。例如：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that．（＝I think it is not right for him …．） that不能省略的情况： （1）当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。如： He said （that）you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you． （2）当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。如： Just then I noticed，for the first time，that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap． （3）当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。如： I can’t tell him that his mother died． 2．由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see，say，tell，ask，answer，know，decide，show，find out，imagine，suggest，doubt，wonder，discover，understand，inform，advise等。
教学过程 一、课堂导入 概念引入 She doesn’t know (th at) her father is seriously ill. 她不知道她父亲病得很严重。 Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 你可以告诉我怎么去火车站吗？The problem is when they can get there. 问题是他们什么时候能到那儿。 The problem is whether we can replace her. 问题是我们能否替换她。
二、复习预习 复习什么是宾语和表语，列举作宾语和表语的词性。
三、知识讲解 知识点1：宾语从句的定义 置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。有些形容词（afraid ,sure ,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。 She doesn’t know (that) her father is seriously ill. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 划线部分是宾语从句。
【考查点1】宾语从句的引导词 连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if 代词：who, whom, whose, what ,which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever 副词：when ,where, how, why 等。 She reminded me that I had a meeting to attend. I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party. None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
名词性从句 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。主语从句：Who will win the match is still unknown. 宾语从句：I want to know what he has told you. 表语从句：The fact is that we have lost the game. 同位语从句：The news that we won the game is exciting. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词(不充当从句的任何成分)：that ,whether ,if 连接代词：what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever 连接副词：when ,where ,how ,why Object Clauses 宾语从句 一、宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。 位置：通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。 句子结构：主句+连词(引导词)+ 宾语从句 e.g. She asked if these answers were right. We can learn what we do not know. He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.A. I don’t know where we will hold the meeting. 通过观察，我们可以知道宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分 1)Could you tell me______. A. you will get here when B. when will you get here C. get here when you will D. when you will get here 2) Mother asked his son what ______for lunch at school. A. did he had B. does he had C. he has D. he had 3) Pointing to the young plant, he asked me ____ that was the one we had seen in the picture. A. what B. if C. where D. how 二、连接词 1、从属连接词(不充当从句的任何成分)：that ,whether ,if 1）、I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. 2）、I want to know if /whether he will go to the park with us 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时，it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾）（此时that一定不可以省略）
宾语从句表语从句专项复习 一．单项选择 1. He asked ________ for the computer. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 2. “You’ve already got well, haven’t you?” she asked →She asked ________. A. I have already got wel l, hadn’t you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well D. had I already got well. 3 Could you tell me ___? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing 4. “Please close the window,” he said to me. →He ______ me _____ the window. A. said to; to close B. told to; closing C. asked ; to close D. said to; please close 5. Call you tell me why _______ yesterday? A. you didn't come B. did you not come C. didn't you come D. you don't come 6. Jack isn't sure _______ students there are in his class. A. how many B. what C. which D. whether 7.children find ____interesting to play computer games. A. that B. which C. it D. he 8. He wanted to know how long _______ in hospital. A. she is staying B. she had stayed C. did she stay D. she stay 9. He said that light _______ much faster than sound. A. traveled B. will travel C. travels D. is traveling 10. He said that April _______ the _______ month of a year. A. is, third B. is, fourth C. was, fourth D. was, third 11. I don't think _______ I _______ out the problem. A. if, can work B. how, will work C. that, can work D. when, will work 12. We are sure _______ he _______ to speak English well. A. that, learned B. that, has learned C. if, learned D. if, has learned 13. -- I don't know if he _______ .-- He will come if it _______ . A. comes, won't rain B. will come, doesn't rain C. comes, doesn't D. will come, won't rain 14. That is __ ___ we were late last time. A. that B. when C. why D. what
巩固练习 选择适当的引导词 1.You'll have to decide _______ car we'll use, yours or mine. (which/whose) 2.You'll have to decide _______ car we'll use, the old one or the new one. (which/whose) 3.You'll have to decide _______ we'll use the new car for .(what/which) 4.You'll have to decide _______ we'll use the new car. (whether/what) 5.I believe _______ he said is true. (what/which) 6.Make sure_______ the door is licked before you leave the lab. (that/which) 7.I wonder ______ it is true or not. (whether/which) 8.She doesn't know _______ she should stay at home. (whether/that) 用所给动词或动词短语的适当形式填空。 1.After a careful examination, Doctor Johnson asked me what I ______ (have)for the breakfast. 2.The voyage proved that the earth ______ (be) round. 3.Our teacher suggested he ______ (hand in) his homework before class. 4.The teacher demanded that we ______ (go) home before hand in the exercise books. 5.I insisted that Tom _______ (do) the work at once. 6.–My father will be here tomorrow. 7.–Oh, I thought that he _____ (e ) today. 8.Have you decided when you _____ (leave) Canada? 9.I really don't know when she _____(e).If she ______ (e), I will tell you at once. 10.He said he ______ (e) if he had time. 完成句子 1. Jill was ill. That was ___________________________(她为什么没来上课). (fail) 2. We have not lost the hope __________________________(他总有一天会出现). (turn) 3. The question is _____________________________(这本小说是否值得一读). (worth) 4. ______________________________(谁会去参加会议) is a question. (attend) 5. I have no idea ______________________(我们如何开始这项工作). (start) 6. I find it difficult _________________________(任务应该被完成) in two days. (fulfill) 7. It was suggested ___________________________(推迟会议). (put) 8. The professor gave us a report on _________________________(我们如何学好英语). (learn) 9. ________________________(玛丽将嫁给约翰) is certain. (marry) 10. I am wondering ____________________________(我的室友去哪里了). (go) 11. (2016 北京东城期末) Tell your friend _________________. 跟你的朋友表示你关心他。 12. (2016 北京东城期末) It is important _________________.我们应该遵守诺言，这很重要。单项填空 1．—I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week． Is that ______you had a few days off? — A．why B．when C．what D．where 2．I ask her _____ e with me． A．if she will B．if will she C．whether will she D．will she 3．It was a matter of _______ would take the position． A．who B．whoever C．whom D．whomever
宾语从句和表语从句详解 各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢 名词性从句指的是在整个句子中起名词作用的从句。这种从句可以做主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，所以这类从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。各种名词性从句的结构都是相同的，即由if，whether，that和各种疑问词充当连接词，后接陈述语序。 例如：What they are doing seems very important.(主语从句) 他们在做的事似乎很重要。 My hope is that he will be the best student in the class.(表语从句) 我的愿望是他能够成为班上最好的学生。 Nobody knows who he is.(宾语从句) 大家都不知道他是谁。 I don’t like the idea that money is
everything.(同位语从句) 我不喜欢金钱就是一切这一观点。 引导名词性从句的连接词中，除了that，if和whether之外其它的都作从句中的一个成分。 宾语从句 在句子中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词有连词that，whether，if;连接代词who，which，what以及其强调形式whoever，whichever，whatever; 连接副词when，where，why，how等。 例如：Do you know where the Greens live? I have no interest in how rich he is. 宾语从句主要用于下面五种结构： 1.由that引导的宾语从句(that 引导宾语从句时，特别是在口语中可省略) The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. that引导的宾语从句多用于say，think，insist，wish，hope，demand，
表语从句详解
表语从句详解 一、概念 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句.放在系动词之后,一般结构是主语+系动词+表语从句可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等. 可以接表语从句的系动词有： 1.be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were) 2. feel , seem , look, appear ,sound, taste , smell 3. stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay 4. become ,get , grow , turn ,go ,come, run, fall 5. prove, turn out The trouble is that we are short of money.困难是我们资金短缺. That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因. At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来. 引导表语从句的词： 从属连词that、whether、as though、 as if（That引导表语从句时，在口语中，间或可以省略.） 关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等； 关系副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等. 由从属连词that，whether引导的表语从句. that在引导表语从句时无词义，而whether有词义，意为、是否.这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question(问题)，trouble(麻烦)，problem(问题)，result(结果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建议)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等.表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化.例如： The trouble is (that) she has lost his money. 麻烦的事是他丢了钱. The question is whether we need more ice cream.问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋. The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了. What she couldn’t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. 我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣. 由关系代词引导的表语从句.
宾语从句专项练习 一、选择填空： ( ) 1. It's so dark. I can't find out _______ it's a boy _______ a girl. A. if, and B. that, and C. either, or D. whether, or ( ) 2. Could you tell me if he _______ to Shanghai? A. has gone B. had gone C. went D. go ( ) 3. He told me _______ she would catch the early bus. A. which B. whether C. why D. that ( ) 4. Mrs. Green asked me _______ I would go with her. A. what B. which C. why D. that ( ) 5. I don't know _______ the coat _______ cheap enough. A. if, is B. where,were C. that ,was D. if, were ( ) 6. Call you tell me why _______ yesterday? A. you didn't come B. did you not come C. didn't you come D. you don't come ( ) 7. He said that they _______ Yunnan. A. have been to B. had gone to C. have gone to D. has gone to ( ) 8. Jack isn't sure _______ students there are in his class. A. how many B. what C. which D. whether ( ) 9. Can you tell me _______ yesterday? A. what they do B. what they did C. what do they do D. what did they do ( ) 10. I want to know _______ his homework yesterday evening. A. if he finished B. whether he had finished C. had she finished D. has she finished
英语必修3第三单元语法宾语从句和表语从句讲解、 练习 Unit 3 Grammar Noun Clauses 名词性从句 名词性从句相当于名词，在复合句中可分别作主语、表语、宾语和同位语。 名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。 一The Objective Clause 宾语从句 在复合句中作宾语的从句称作宾语从句，可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词和非限定动词及某些形容词的宾语。引导宾语从句词有连词that，if，whether；连接代词who，whose，what，which；连接副词when，where，how， why等。 1)I think women can reach very high achievements in many fields of science. 2) I wonder she remembered how many babies she had delivered. 3) Do you know Jack was speaking to 4) He asked it was. 5) Pay attention to the doctor said. 6) Please tell me the earthquake took place. 7) Will you tell me I can keep fit and healthy 做动词的宾语 (1)大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后：He doesn’t know where the post office is. (2)有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语：He told me what I should read． (3)如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，要使用形式宾语 it 而将从句放到补足语后面； I thought it strange that he failed to call me． (4)在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则将主句谓语动词think等变为否定形式。I don’t think you are right． (5) 在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等动词以及I’m afraid等后，可用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，还可用not代替一个否定的宾语从句。 一Do you believe it will clear up 一I believe so. I don't believe so. (或I believe not.) 做介词的宾语 Did she say anything how we should do the work Your article is all right that it is too long．
宾语从句 宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。 1.连接词连接词一般都是that(指事务或人),which（指事）,who（指人） 1．从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。 2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。在whether … or not 结构中不能用if 替换。3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。 注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他 2.判断时态情况： 1.主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况。 eg．He says (that) he will leave a message on my desk. They know (that) he is working hard. 2.主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句是客观真理时，用一般现在时。 He answered that he was listening to me. Father told me that practice makes perfect . 3. 注意：A 宾语从句必须用陈述语序。He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job. B 有时候可以用it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。 I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two hours. You may depend on it that I shall always help you, C 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。 I don’t think he likes the English teacher. 注意：引导词that在宾语从句中的用法（that 不能省略的情况） 当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略; eg．I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better． 当宾语从句有it做形式宾语时eg．She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him． 当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时; if,whether在宾语从句中的用法 ① if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词 后一般不用if ② whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以 ③ . 在不定式前只能用whether. 如：I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下 ④避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if 表语从句 定义：表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。位于系动词之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。The problem is puzzling. The problem is when we can get a pay rise. 主语连系动词形容词作表语主语连系动词一个句子作表语---表语从句结构：主句+系动词+表语从句 连接表语从句与主句的关系词主要有三类： 1. 从属连词：that（无有词义，不可省略）, whether （表示是否时，只能用whether引导表语从句） 2. 关系代词：who（主格）whom（宾格）,whose（所有格what（什么）,which（哪个，哪些） 3. 关系副词：when（什么时候）where（什么地方）why（为什么）, how（怎样）例如： The fact is that we have lost the game. That’s just what I want. This is where our problem lies. That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. It looks as if it is going to rain.
I、宾语从句 宾语从句，即：在复合句中充当主句宾语的从句，也可以作介词或某些形容词的宾语。 学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：引导词、语序和时态。 【宾语从句的引导词】 引导宾语从句的词有：连词that, if, whether；连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which；连接副词when, where, how, why等。 (1) 从句为陈述句，常用连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。 Mary knew (that) she should work hard. 玛丽知道她应当努力学习。 (2) 从句为一般疑问句，常用连接词if或whether；在whether... or not结构中whether不能用if替换。 Nobody knew whether / if he could pass the exam. 没人知道他是否会通过考试。 (3) 从句为特殊疑问句，常用what, when, where, which, who, how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。 I wonder what happened to him. 我想知道他出什么事了。 【宾语从句的语序】 牢记宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，即“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。这里特别强调的是，它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述句的语序，不是疑问句的倒装语序。 Do you know whose house it is? 你知道那是谁的房子吗？ You must remember what your teacher said. 你们必须记住老师说的话。 【宾语从句的时态】 宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受主句谓语时态的制约，所以要注意主、从句时态的一致和相应变化。如： 译：她说她喜欢健康食物。 误：She said that she likes healthy food. 正：She said that she liked healthy food. 析：因为主句谓语是said，所以从句谓语就该用过去时liked了。 注意：这种时态的呼应，如果主句谓语是现在时或将来时，宾语从句的谓语时态不受限制；另外,如果主句时态是过去时，宾语从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时的某种形式。 II、表语从句 表语从句，即：在复合句中作主句的表语，对主语的内容加以补充，有时说明主语的状态。【典例呈现】 ①The problem is how we can find him. ②My idea is that we should do it at once. ③The question is whether he is honest. 【接表语从句的连系动词】 可接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, seem, sound, appear, remain等。如： It looked as if it was going to snow.天看起来要下雪了。 It appears that he had a taste for music. 看来他对音乐有一定的鉴赏力。 The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 问题还是他们能否帮我们。 【表语从句的引导词】 表语从句常用的引导词有：连词that, whether, as, as if(though)；连接代词who, what, which；连接副词when, where, why, how等。 ①引导表语从句的that通常不省略，但在口语或非正式文体中有时也可省略。 The fact is (that) we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。