Language points(考点) in reading II in using language in unit 2 in book 4
1.over/in the past half century 在过去的半个世纪里
2. cause damage to 对…造成伤害
3. even more dangerous 甚至更危险的是…
4. wash off 冲洗掉
5.These chemicals in the food supply build up in people’s bodies over time.
supply.
1).用作名词时：
a) 指“供给;供应”等
supply and demand 供与求be in short supply 供应缺乏,供应不足food supply 食物供应water supply 供水
When I meet difficulty, my roommates will_____me help.
The government need to _______ food and clothes for these old people
All the rooms are ___ with electric lights.
A. supplied
B. given
C. offered
D. burnt
6. build up 逐渐积聚; 增进，增强
来往的车辆在通往市区的路上越聚越多。___________________________________________.
build up one’s health/body ________________________________.
7. lead to (lead—led—led ) 通向;导致（某种）结果；造成
This road ___________________(通向) the railway station.
条条大路通罗马___________________________________________.
他的错误导致失败。_____________________________________________.
8.in addition (to) 除…之外;此外;并且
We met some friends and other people __________.
____________ the killed and wounded,many were missing.
_________, I want to tell you something about Tom.
in addition 常放在句首,用逗号隔开,或放在句末;in addition to后面常跟名词或名词短语
9.They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.
focus on : 集中（注意力、精力）于
把注意力集中在你工作上.______________________________________________.
所有眼睛都注视着他。_____________________________________________________.
10.keep…free of /from: protect.. from 使免受（影响,伤害等）
健康饮食和锻炼使你远离感冒。________________________________________________.
11. reduce_____ 减少/降低了reduce ______ 减少/降低到
12. every few years _______________________________.
13. put sth back into _______________________________.
14. use different levels of soil____________________________
15.(be) followed by 后面是,后面有,接着是
天气预报之后是广告时间___________________________________________________..
16.put down deep roots__________________________
17.猫和狗之中我更喜欢狗。__________________________________________.
________________________________________. ______________________________ 我喜欢步行更甚于骑自行车。___________________________________
_______________________________ ________________________________.
18.carry away___________________
19. avoid (doing) sth 避免做…
她试图避而不答我的问题。_______________________________________________. Homework:
Revise the content of this passage.
人教版英语必修4重点归纳总结 Unit 1 1.His disappointment was obvious（明显）to everyone . 2.A poet(诗人) writes poems. 3.Don’t play by the river in case you fall in and drawn (淹死)! 4.The little boy wiped (擦)his eyes with a handkerchief. 5.He would rather starve to death than beg for food in the street. 6.Agricultural(农业的)science is becoming more and more important. 7.Wherever we go, we must follow the local customs (习俗). 8.On October 1st all the teachers and students in our school held a grand party to celebrate (庆祝)National Day. 9.Nothing satisfies him. He is always asking for more. 10.We are always dreaming of the arrival of the famous star to our city. 11.American got its independence in 1776. 12.The whole family will gather (聚集) for a big meal on the Eve of the New Year. 13.A successful person should be strong-willed and energetic(精力充沛). 14.He did the job so well that everyone in his office became to admire(钦佩) him. 15.The Spring Festival is an important social(社会) festival in China. 16.对…有害do harm to17.纪念in memory of 18.导致lead to 19.打扮dress up 20.捉弄某人play a trick/tricks on sb21.期待look forward to 22.被…所覆盖be covered with23.与…有共同点have…in common 24.守诺keep one’s word 25.提醒某人某事remind sb of sth 26.屏住呼吸hold one’s breath 26.与…结婚get married to sb/marry sb Unit 2 1.We all have our w eaknesses. 2.It takes hours for a meal to digest (消化). 3.The subject has already been fully researched (研究). 4.To have a healthy d iet is really important to everybody. 5.He’s always full of e nergy and seems never to be tired. 6.Kitty has been wondering what is in the box and finally she opened it with c uriosity. 7.I don’t like those who are dishonest and like telling l ies . 8.Before opening a business,we’d better do some r esearch into the market. 9.Jimmy was fired because he often made his c ustomers(顾客) angry. 10.Exports must go down to balance(保持平衡) decreased imports. 11.Y ou can’t combine (同时干)studying for your exams with a wild social life. 12.My time is more limited(有限的) now that I have a baby. 13.对…感到厌倦be tired of14.去除,脱下take off 15.对…感到讶异be amazed at16.扔掉throw away 17.让…一直做…have sb doing18.撒谎tell lies
Bodylanguage阅读课教学设计 一教学目标： 知识与技能： 理解、内化、运用以下生词及词组—fold、anger、vary、thub、crazy、od、part、hug、bo、pal、shrug、incredible、pat、getthrough、teardon、chart 获取关于bodylanguage的相关信息,且进行siing,scanning,carefulreading,generalization,guessi ngeaning等阅读技能训练。 充分利用多媒体，强化学生自主学习的意识，培养学生组织语言、运用语言的能力。 过程与方法： 培养学生通过自主学习和合作学习，获取信息和处理信息的能力。 培养学生质疑意识，分析问题、解决问题、综合问题的能力和创造性思维能力。 情感态度价值观： 在有趣的话题激励下，诱导学生积极参与，充分调动他们学习的兴趣。 使学生了解身势语在各国人民交往中的重要性。了解在各国相同身势语所表示的不同交际含义。增强对中外“身势
语”差异的敏感性，培养世界意识；通过文化地域对比，加深对祖国相关知识的理解，增强对祖国的热爱之情。 二教学重点： 训练学生的略读与扫读技巧是本课的重点。根据英语课程标准关于语言技能的教学建议，略读与扫读是阅读教学的基本技能之一，是学生必须掌握的。 三教学难点: 怎样使学生理解不同国家的身势语，正确的使用身势语及比较各国身势语的不同是本课的难点。根据英语课程标准，文化意识是内容标准之一，要求学生掌握一些行为规范、风土人情等方面的知识，这有利于培养学生的世界意识，有利于形成跨文化交际能力。 四学习方式设计： 个体探究。 在完成较简单直观的任务时以个体探究为主，鼓励学生有独立自主的思维意识。 合作学习。 当面对难度较大的学习任务时鼓励学生采取小组合作的方式，这是因为“合作学习”更方便英语的交流和体验，有利于培养学生与他人合作的能力，同时信息差异也更能激燃起学生的“创新火花”。 五教学策略及教法设计：
必修四期末复习 Unit1 I.单词拼写 1. I’ve a_________ only half of what I’d hoped to do. 2. You can go out on c__________ that you wear an overcoat. 3. She d__________ all her efforts to her task. 4. The police o__________ the man enter the bank. 5. We a_________ with the waiter about the price of the meal. 6. Will you __________ (支持) me in my campaign for election? 7. He’s involved in the ___________ (组织）of a new club. 8. She was ashamed of her children’s bad ___________ (举止). 9. He fell in the water, much to the ____________ (开心) of the children. 10. Did you __________ (传递) my message to my father? 【解析】1. achieved 2. condition 3. devoted 4. observed 5. argued 6. support 7. organization 8. behaviour 9. entertainment 10. Deliver II 句型转换 根据A句句义，用适当的句型或短语完成B 句,使其句义相同或相近。 1. A: It occurred to me that I had left my dictionary at home. B: It_______me that I had left my dictionary at home. 2. A: Mother seemed to know that. B: It_______that mother________ that. 3. A: A teacher observed her climb over the gate. B: She was observed ________ ________ over the gate by the teacher. 4. A: He was able to return home only when the war was over in 194 5. B: Only when the war was over in 1945______ ________ ________ to return home. 5. A: He decided to study hard this term. B: He _______ _______ to study hard this term. 【答案】1. hit / struck 2. seemed, knew 3. to climb 4. was he able 5. was determined III翻译句子 1) ____________________________________________________________. 我本来打算去商店里买鸡蛋的，但是我忘了。(mean) 2)____________________________________________________________. 他老是和妻子为如何花钱而争吵。(argue) 3)_____________________________________________________________. 努力改善这个工厂工人们的劳动条件是值得做的事。(worthwhile; condition) 4)____________________________________________________________. 她的精神鼓舞了许多人将他们一生都奉献给自己的事业。(inspire, devote… to…;career) 5) _____________________________________________________________. 如果你继续那样做，就不可能在这个学科取得很大成就。(behave; achievement) 【答案】 1）I had meant to go to the shop to buy eggs, but I forgot it. 2）He is always arguing with his wife about how to spend money.
Chapter1.Body language Listening, Speaking, Using English, Writing 一、章节分析（Section Analysis ） (一)综述 本章节是语言运用部分。通过听，说，写方面的训练，提高学生语言词汇方面的能力，加强他们运用语言知识来表达思想感情的能力。针对高一新生情况using language 的任务是培养学生如何正确有效的使用字典，为以后的学习打下基础。 （二）目标 Listening 1帮助学生通过抓关键词培养其听力理解能力。 2听说结合，提高听力教学效果。 Speaking 1帮助学生运用本课关于肢体语言信息，培养他们良好的礼议。 2鼓励学生在此过程中动脑动口，学会推荐自己及如何评价他人。 Using English 1帮助学生如何有效的使用字典。 2培养学生自习自研能力。 Writing 1了解书信式“提醒单（reminder ）”和邀请信的写作思路。 2掌握写作方法。 3根据简要提示写出符合要求的reminder as well as 邀请信。 （三）重点和难点 Listening 培养学生抓关键词汇：adj /adv attentively; politely; serious ,nervous n art; steps; movements; sages; points messages v dance Speaking 通过表演掌握如何推荐自己以及如何评价他人，同时能运用Do’s 和Don’s 句型。Using English 了解字典中不同符号的含义以及如何能有效地运用字典，培养自学能力。 Writing 根据提示写出符合要求的short messages 并能采用生生互评。
2015年必修四英语主谓一致 句子的主语有单复数及人称的变化，其谓语动词需要根据主语的人称和数的不同而有所变化。即：谓语动词与其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。 她的梦想已经实现了。 Her dreams ______ come true. Her dream _______come true. 从以上两个例句可以看出谓语动词随主语的数而变化。 她(他)常常搭公车上学。 She/He often goes to school by bus. 他们常常搭公车上学。 They often go to school by bus. 他（她）是老师。 He/She is a teacher. 他们是老师。 They are teachers. ●主谓一致可分为以下四种：语法一致、意义一致、就近原则、随前原则 【语法一致】 （1）主语是and，both…and…连接的并列结构 如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物，则谓语动词用复数。 在中国的这个地方既种稻子又种小麦。 Both rice and wheat _____ grown in this part of China. (be) 我妈妈和我已看过这部电影。 My mother and I have seen the film. ? A knife and fork ___ used to have meals. （be） ?The singer and dancer _____ on the stage. （be） 注意：由and连接的并列主语前面分别有each，every，no修饰时，其谓语动词用单数形式。 Every boy and every girl has to receive education in our country. 在我国每一个男女孩子都得受教育。 师生没有被邀请参加晚会。 No student and no teacher ________________ （2）主语后面接说明主语的修饰语
Unit 1 achievement n. 成就；功绩 △Joan of Arc 圣女贞德 △Elizabeth Fry 伊丽莎白.弗赖伊 （英国慈善家） △Quaker n. 教友派信徒；贵格会会员welfare n. 福利；福利事业 project n. 项目；工程；规划 institute n. 学会；学院；协会 △China Welfare Institute 中国福利基金会specialist n. 专家；专业工作者specialize vi. 专攻；专门从事；专注于 △Jane Goodall 简.古道尔(英国动物学家) △chimp n. （非洲）黑猩猩 connection n. 连接；关系 human being 人类 △Jody Williams 乔迪.威廉斯 （美国诺贝尔和平奖得者）campaign n. 运动；战役 vi. 作战；参加运动 △landmine n. 地雷 organization n. 组织；机构；团体 △Gombe National Park 贡贝国家公园behave vt. & vi. 举动；（举止或行为）表现behaviour (=behavior) 行为；举止；习性shade n. 荫；阴凉处 vt. 遮住光线 move off 离开；起程；出发 worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得做的 nest n. 巢；窝 bond n. 联系；关系；结合；纽带observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守observation n. 观察；观测 childhood n. 童年；幼年时代 outspoken adj. 直言的；坦诚 respect vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意 argue vt. & vi. 讨论；辩论；争论 argument n. 争论；争辩；争吵 entertainment n. 款待；娱乐；娱乐表演 lead a … life 过着……的生活 crowd n. 人群；观众 vt. 挤满；使拥挤 crowd in （想法、问题等）涌上心头； 涌入脑海 inspire vt. 鼓舞；激发；启示 inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞 support n. & vt. 支持；拥护 look down upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起 refer vi. 谈到；查阅；参考 refer to查阅；参考；谈到 audience n. 观众；听众；读者 by chance碰巧；凑巧 come across （偶然）遇见；碰见 △career n. 事业；生涯 rate n. 比率；速度 sickness n. 疾病；恶心 intend vt. 计划；打算 emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况 generation n. 一代；一辈 △determination n. 决心；果断 kindness n. 仁慈；好意 considerate adj. 考虑周到的 consideration n. 考虑；体谅 deliver vt. 递送；生（小孩儿）；接生； 发表（演说等） carry on 继续；坚持 modest adj. 谦虚的；谦让的；适度的Unit 2 statistic n. （常用pl statistics）数据；统计； 统计数字；统计资料 sunburnt adj. 晒黑的 struggle vt. & vi. 斗争；拼搏；努力decade n. 十年；十年期 super adj. 特级的；超级的 △hybrid adj. 混合的；杂种的 n. 杂交种；混血儿output n. 产量；输出 △strain n.（植物的）品种；种类 crop n. 庄稼；农作物；产量 hunger n. 饥饿；欲望 vt. & vi. （使）饥饿 disturbing adj. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的expand vt. & vi. 使变大；伸展circulate vt. & vi. 循环；流传
THEME PARKS— FUN AND MORE THAN FUN 主题公园——不单单是乐趣 Which theme park would you like to visit你愿意参观哪个主题公园There are various kinds of theme parks, with a different park for almost everything: food, culture, science, cartoons, movies or history.有各种各样的主题公园，主题公园里有不同的公园，每个公园里几乎有各种东西：饮食，文化，科学，动漫，电影或历史。 【注释：various adj.不同的；各种各样的；多方面的many and various各种各样的； a variety of/ varieties of种种；vary between …and…由…到…情况不等；vary from…to 由…到…情况不等；vary from不同于；vary in sth.在某方面不同；eg. 1) There’s a variety of dishes on the meanu.菜单上有种类繁多的菜肴。2）The menu varies with the season.菜单随季节而变动。3）Class numbers vary between 25 and 30.班级的数目从25到30不等。 考题：1．There are________flowers and trees shown in the park and ________ people go to have a look. A．a plenty of；many B．varieties of；various C．various；many D．quite a few；quite a little】 Some parks are famous for having the biggest or longest roller coasters, others for showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture.一些公园以拥有最大的或最长的过山车而出名，别的公园则以展示令人满意的文化视听而出名。
Unit4 Body language语法篇 __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 要求学生掌握本单元的重点语法----动词的-ing形式作定语和状语并能熟练运用相关语法知识解决相应类型的题。 一、动词的-ing形式由“动词原形+ing形式”构成，它既是现在分词形式，也是动名词形式。v-ing 能在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，但不能单独作谓语。其时态和语态的变化为 二、动词-ing形式的作用 1.动词-ing形式作定语 E.g. The sleeping baby looks very beautiful. (前置定语)这位正在睡觉的婴儿看起来太漂亮了。 E.g. The man sitting in the car is waiting for his daughter. (后置定语)坐在车里的男子正在等他的女儿。 E.g. The law being carried out is to ban drunken driving.(后置定语，强调正在被执行的法律) 正在执行中的这则法律旨在禁止酒后驾驶。 名师点拨 (1)现在分词短语作定语时通常后置，而单个的分词作定语时可置于被修饰词的前面，也可置于被修饰词的后面。 (2)现在分词的完成时的主动及被动形式均不作后置定语。 2．动词-ing形式作状语。 (1)作时间状语。 E.g. Working in the office，the clerk heard an explosion from the street. 在办公室工作时，这位职员听到街上发出了爆炸声。 E.g. Having finished her homework，the girl was busy with the thing she likes. 完成了家庭作业，女孩就忙于做她喜欢做的事情。 名师点拨 动词-ing形式一般式常表示该动作与句子谓语动作同时发生，而动词－ing形式的完成式则表示该
新人教版高中英语课文译文 必修四 第一单元卓有成就的女性 Reading 非洲野生动物研究者 清晨5点45分，太阳刚从东非的贡贝国家公园的上空升起，我们一行人准备按照简研究黑猩猩的方法去森林里拜访它们。简研究这些黑猩猩家族已经很多年了，她帮助人们了解了黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么的相似。我们当天的首相任务就是观察黑猩猩一家是如何醒来的。这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开时黑猩猩睡觉的大树旁。大家坐在树荫下等待着，这时候黑猩猩睡醒了，准备离开。然后这群黑猩猩向森林深处漫步而去，我们尾随其后。在大部分时间里，黑猩猩或互相喂食，或彼此擦身，这在它们的家族里是爱的表达方式。简预先提醒我们，到下午的时候我们就会又脏又累。她说对了，但是到了傍晚时分我们就觉得这一切都是值得的。我们看到黑猩猩妈妈跟她的幼子们在树上玩耍，后来看见它们一起回窝里睡觉了。我们明白了黑猩猩家庭成员之间的联系像人类家庭一样紧密。 在简之前没有人完全了解黑猩猩的行为。她花了多年的时间来观察并记录黑猩猩的日常活动。从孩提时代起，简就想在动物生活的环境中研究它们。但是，这不是一件简单的事。当她1960年最初来到贡贝时。对女性来说，住进大森林还是很稀罕的事情。她母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。她的工作改变了人们对黑猩猩的看法。比方说，她的一个重要发现是黑猩猩猎食动物。而在此之前，人们一直认为黑猩猩只吃水果和坚果。她曾经亲眼看到
过一群黑猩猩捕杀一只猴子，然后把它吃掉。她还发现了黑猩猩是如何交流的，而她对黑猩猩身势语的研究帮助她勾勒出黑猩猩的社会体系。 40年来，简·古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不是用于娱乐或公告。她还为黑猩猩建起了可以安全生活的专门的保护区，她的生活是忙忙碌碌的，然而，正如她所说的：“我一旦停下来，所有的一切就会涌上心头。我就会想起实验室的黑猩猩，太可怕了。每当我看着野生黑猩猩时，这个念头总是萦绕着我。我会对自己说：…难道它们不幸运吗？?然后我就想起了那些没有如何过错却被关在笼子里的小 黑猩猩。一旦你看到这些，你就永远不会忘记……。” 简已经得到了她想要得到的一切：在动物的栖息地工作：获得博士学位；还向世人证明女人和男人一样也能在森林里生活。她激励着人们为妇女们的成就而喝彩。 Using Language 为什么不继承她的事业？ 上学时我喜欢英语、生物和化学，但是我进大学该选哪门专业呢？直到有一天晚上坐在电脑旁研究中国的伟大女性时，我才有了答案。 很偶然地，我看到了一篇关于林稚巧大夫的文章。她是妇科专家，1901年生，1983年去世。林稚巧似乎一直都在为自己选择的事业而奔忙，去国外留学，写了很多书和文章。其中有一本书引起了我的注意。这是一本小书，介绍如何从妇女怀孕到护理婴儿的过程中降低死亡率，她提出了一些可以遵循的简单的做法，保持婴儿清洁和健康，让他们远离疾病。她为什么要写这些东西呢?林稚巧认为哪些妇女会需要这些忠告呢？我仔细地看了这篇文章，了解到那是为农村妇女写的。也许是她们在遇到紧急情况时找不到医生。
1.名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一、引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连词：that（无任何词意） whether,if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性） as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”） 以上在从句中均不充当任何成分 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.whichever,whomever 连接副词：when, where, how, why 不可省略的连词： 1. 介词后的连词 2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。 That she was chosen made us very happy. We heard the news that our team had won. 比较： whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代： 1. whether引导主语从句并在句首 2. 引导表语从句 3. whether从句作介词宾语 4. 从句后有"or not" Whether he will come is not clear. 大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it充当形式主语。 二. 主语从句 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。 有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下： （1）It + be + 名词+ that从句 （2）It + be + 形容词+ that从句 （3）It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句 （4）It + 不及物动词+ that 从句 另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”，常用的句型有： It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that… It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…
Unit 1 Women of achievement Reading A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family beings to wake up and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Them we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as long as in a human family. Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system. Four forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely. She is leading a busy life but she says: “Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. It's terrible. It affects me when I watch the wild chimps. I say to myself, ‘Aren't they luck?' And then I think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong. Once you have seen that you can never forget…” She has achieved everything she wanted to do: working with animals in their own environment, gaining a doctor's degree and showing that women can live in the forest as men can. She inspires those who want to cheer the achievement of women. Using language WHY NOT CARRY ON HER GOOD WORD? I enjoyed English, biology, and chemistry at school, but which one should I choose to study at university? I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the
一 one: one表示泛指，指同名称中的另一事物既可代替人，也可以代替物 复数形式为ones. That,主要用于两种东西的对比，其复数形式为those,也可以用于特指。That 用于代替物，不能用于代替人。 I don’t like this computer canyou give me a better （one） The wether in Guangzhou is hotter than (that) in Beijing in summer. that,which: Here is the man (that)you're been looking for Idon’tliketheway(that)youtalktosomebodyelse. and: Shedoctorsherchildrenfor colds and stomachaches. 二 Until then: Until then,his family ____ from him for six months 't hear 't heard 't been hearing 't heard 过去完成时标志词：
1.由时间状语来判定 2.（1 ）by + 过去的时间点。 3.（2 ）by the end of + 过去的时间点。 4.（3 ）before + 过去的时间点。 5.I _______ (finish) reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. 6.We _______ (learn) over two thousand English words by the end of last term. 7.They ______(plant) six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 三time went on / by, she became more and more beautiful . As a young man, he was active in sports. Remember, you must do everything as I do He is very careful, as we all know. Child as she is, she can speak 2 foreign languages 现在分词做后定： 定语：起修饰限定作用的语言成分,多为“···的”；后置定语,顾名思义,放在被修饰词后的定语.现在分词作定语,多表主动和进行的含义.有别于过去分词,表被动含义. The teacher came in,following some students.老师跟着一些学生进来了.（学生在老师之前）
人教版英语必修四知识点总结 Unit1 （一）重点单词 1. achievement n. 成就；功绩 They are proud of their children’s achievements. 他们对于孩子们的成绩感到骄傲。 Although we have made some achievements, we still have a long way to go. 虽然我们已经取得了一些成就，但是我们仍然还有很长的路要走。 Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement. 即使是小小的成功也会给你一种成就感。 知识拓展 achieve v. (凭长期努力)达到（某目标、地位、标准）；完成 He achieved his success after several years’ hard work. 经过几年的艰苦工作，他终于成功了。 I have achieved only half of what I had hoped to do. 我仅完成了我希望做到的一半。 2. connection n. 连接；关系；联系 Do you believe that there is a connection between smoking and a heart disease? 你相信吸烟与心脏病有关系吗？ The machine won’t work because of a faulty connection. 由于一个地方连接不对，机器无法运转。 He asked me many questions in connection with life in Britain. 他问了我许多与英国生活有关的问题。 His dismissal has no connection with the quality of his work. 他被解雇一事与他的工作质量无关。 知识拓展 connect v. 连接；把……联系起来；衔接 The two cities are connected by a railway. 这两个城市由铁路相连。 A new road was built to connect this town to / with New York. 新修了一条马路将这个小镇与纽约连接起来。 The discussion is connected with the incident. 这次讨论与这件事有关。 3. behave vi. & vt.（举止或行为）表现behaviour n. 态度；行为；举止 He behaved badly towards the guests. 他对客人们很不礼貌。 How is your new car behaving? 你的新车性能怎样？ She behaves as if/though nothing had happened. 她显得像是什么事也没发生过。 Behave yourself; don’t make a fool of yourself. 注意你的举止，别闹出笑话来。