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美国第34任总统艾森豪威尔告别演说中文翻译(全文)

美国第34任总统艾森豪威尔告别演说中文翻译(全文)
美国第34任总统艾森豪威尔告别演说中文翻译(全文)

美国第34任总统艾森豪威尔告别演说(全文)

时间:1961年1月17日地点:白宫

再过三天,在我为我国服务半个世纪之后,随着总统的权威按传统的隆重仪式归属我的继任者,本人将卸下公职。

我们现在的日期距本世纪中点已过十年,这个世纪经历了大国之间四次大的战争,我们自己的国家卷入其中三次。尽管发生了这些大规模的战祸,当今美国乃是世界上最强大、最有影响、生産力最高的国家。我们自然爲此卓越成就感到自豪,但我们也意识到,美国的领导地位和威信不仅取决于我们举世无双的物质进步、财富和军事力量,而且取决于我们如何爲世界和平与人类福利使用我们的力量。纵观美国在自由政府体制上的探索历程,我们的基本目的始终是维护和平,促进人类进步,在人民中和国家之间增进自由权,提高尊严,宏扬正直的品质。追求较低的目标会辱没一个自由、有虔诚宗教信仰的民族。任何由于骄傲自大或理解力不强或缺乏奉献精神的失败都将在国内外给我们带来严重损害。

走向这些崇高目标的进程一直受到现在正席卷全球的冲突的威胁。这种冲突迫使我们全神贯注,全力以赴。我们面对一种敌对的意识形态──具有世界性规模和无神论性质,目标残忍,手段阴险。不幸的是,它所造成的危险将长期存在。欲成功地对付它,所要求的与其说是危急关头感情上短暂的痛苦,毋宁说是作出牺牲以使我们能坚定踏实、任劳任怨地承担一场长期复杂斗争的重任──与自由共存亡。只有这样我们才能战胜一次又一次的挑衅,始终朝着世界持久和平和人类美好未来的方向前进。

我们的军队是维护和平必不可少的要素。我们的武装力量必须强大,随时准备投入行动,以使任何潜在的侵略者都不敢贸然以卵击石。

我们今天的军事组织与我的任何一位和平时期前任所了解的,与第二次世界大战或朝鲜战争中的军人所了解的军事组织大相径庭。

直至最近的一次世界性冲突之前、美国仍没有军事工业。美国的犁铧制造商们在必要时也能制造剑。但是现在我们不能再以临阵磨枪的方式承担国防上的风险;我们已被迫创建一个规模宏大的永久性军事工业。此外,350万男人和妇女直接服务于国防机构。我们每年在军事安全上的开支超过了美国所有的公司的纯收入。

一支庞大的军队和一个大规模军事工业相结合,在美国是史无前例的。它的全部影响──经济的、政治的,甚至精神的──在每个城市、每座州议会大楼、每一联邦政府机构内都能感觉到。我们承认这种发展绝对必要,但我们不应忽视其重大的影响。它涉及我们的人力、资源、生活,乃至我们社会的结构。

在政府各部门,我们必须警惕军事─工业联合体取得无法证明是正当的影响力,不论它这样追求与否。极不适当的权力恶性增长的可能性目前已经存在并将继续存在。

近几十年的技术革命与我们的工业─军事状况的巨大变化有相似之处,而且对这种巨大变化起了很大作用。

在这场技术革命中,研究工作已趋于集中;它也变得更正规,更复杂,更昂贵。爲联邦政府而实施,由联邦政府实施,或在联邦政府指导下实施的研究工作份额正逐步增加。

由联邦政府雇用而形成支配全国学者的局面,以及统一分配项目,统一控制财力,这种前景一直存在,而且应当引起严重关注。

我们应该尊重科学研究和探索,但与此同时我们必须对这一同样严重的负面危险保持警惕,即政府政策本身可能沦爲一个科学──技术精英阶层的俘虏。

治国之才的任务,是在我们民主制度的原则范畴内,塑造、平衡和融合这些和其它新旧力量──始终以实现我们自由社会的最高目标爲目的。

另一个保持平衡的因素涉及时间这一要素。当我们展望社会的未来时,我们──你、我和我国政府──必须避免一种只顾今日生活的冲动,不应爲了我们自己的舒适和便利巧取豪夺明天的宝贵资源。我们不可能以孙儿辈的物质财富作抵押,而又不冒使他们丧失政治和精神遗産的风险。我们要让民主代代相传,它不该成爲明天无力还债的鬼魂。

展望有待书写的未来历史长卷,美国深知我们这个越来越小的世界决不应变成一个充满恐惧和仇恨的可怕的群体,相反,它应成爲一个相互信任、相互尊重的光辉的联盟。

这样一个联盟必定是平等国家间的联盟。最弱小的国家一定以与我们相同的自信心来到会议桌旁,和我们一样受到我们的道德、经济和军事力量的保护。那会议桌虽然留下历史坎坷的累累伤痕,但我们不能将它抛弃以换来战场的惨剧。

以相互尊敬和信任实行裁军仍是一项迫切任务。我们必须一起学习怎样不用武力,而是以理智和公正的意图去解决纷争。因爲裁军的紧迫性如此明显突出,我承认我是怀着某种失望的心情卸下我的总统职责的。作爲一个目睹过战争的恐怖及其难以愈合的创伤的人──深知另一场战争会彻底毁掉历经数千年缓慢而又艰苦地建成的人类文明──我但愿自己今晚能说:持久和平已遥遥在望。

幸好我可以说,已经避免发生战争了。朝我们的终极目标已迈开坚实的步伐。但是任重而道远。作爲一个普通公民,我将始终不渝地爲推动世界沿着这条道路前进贡献一份绵薄。

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angel still rides in the whirlwind and directs this storm. God bless you all, and

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在美国悠久的历史中,我们每个人都有自己的位置;我们还在继续推动着历史前进,但是我们不可能看到它的尽头。这是一部新世界的发展史,是一部后浪推前浪的历史。这是一部美国由奴隶制社会发展成为崇尚自由的社会的历史。这是一个强国保护而不是占有世界的历史,是捍卫而不是征服世界的历史。这就是美国史。它不是一部十全十美的民族发展史,但它是一部在伟大和永恒理想指导下几代人团结奋斗的历史。 这些理想中最伟大的是正在慢慢实现的美国的承诺,这就是:每个人都有自身的价值,每个人都有成功的机会,每个人天生都会有所作为的。美国人民肩负着一种使命,那就是要竭力将这个诺言变成生活中和法律上的现实。虽然我们的国家过去在追求实现这个承诺的途中停滞不前甚至倒退,但我们仍将坚定不移地完成这一使命。 在上个世纪的大部分时间里,美国自由民主的信念犹如汹涌大海中的岩石。现在它更像风中的种子,把自由带给每个民族。在我们的国家,民主不仅仅是一种信念,而是全人类的希望。民主,我们不会独占,而会竭力让大家分享。民主,我们将铭记于心并且不断传播。225年过去了,我们仍有很长的路要走。 有很多公民取得了成功,但也有人开始怀疑,怀疑我们自己的国家所许下的诺言,甚至怀疑它的公正。失败的教育,潜在的

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