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阅读理解之推断题（解析版）推理判断题属于高层次阅读理解题。
解答该类型题目时一定要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息之间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”和“言外之意”。
在进行推断时，要据文推理、合情推理，不可脱离原文主观臆断。
推理判断题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推测作者未明确提到的事实或某事件发展的趋势。
推理判断能力是阅读理解能力的重要组成部分，因而也是阅读理解部分重点考查的能力之一。
每年每套题通常会有4～6 题。
一、思维导图推断隐含意义思维导图二、方法点拨(一)推理判断题题干常用词一般来说，推理判断题题干中主要包括下面的词语：know about, learn from, infer, imply, suggest, conclude, purpose, attitude, probably, most likely等。
(二)推理判断题正确选项特征推理判断题中的正确选项是依据文章的事实或证据推断出的符合逻辑的结论或观点，正确选项一般具有以下特征：1．“立足原文，只推一步”，即根据原文内容，一步即可推得。
2．选项中一般不可以出现绝对概念。
如only, never, all, absolutely等，正确答案的表述一般有一点模糊，会用一些相对能够留有一些余地的词汇，如often, usually, sometimes, some, may, might, can, could, possibly, probably等。
(三)推理判断题干扰选项特征1．曲解文意：即推测意义与文章表层意义有区别。
推理判断题中有些选项来自文章中的某一句或某几句话，命题者可能会利用里面的词设计出干扰项，看似表达文章的意思，其实是借题发挥，是对原文意思的曲解。
2．张冠李戴：即把文章中作者的观点与其他人的观点混淆在一起。
题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却是其他人的观点；题干问的是其他人的观点，选项中却出现了作者的观点。
第三讲推理判断类--解题技巧及典例剖析【考点清单】一、推理判断类题目常见的设问方式1.It can be inferred/concluded/seen from the passage that ________ .2.Which of the following conclusions can we draw according to the passage?3.In which of the following publications(出版物）would this passage most likely be printed?4. The passage implies , but doesn't directly state that _________ .5.The writer suggests that _________.6.The author probably feels that _________.7.The author uses the example of...to show that_________.8.What's the author's attitude toward...?【解题流程】要做好推理判断题，需要充分阅读理解文章、分析语篇特征、寻找解题依据。
考生应该在领会全文的基础上做出正确的推理和判断。
推理判断题应该首先按照题干要求的范围进行解题，如果题目中没有提到具体的段落，那么通过“顺序原则”找到区域范围。
如果这种情况下还是不能找到信息源，就必须考虑按照题干和四个选项的信息词从全文各个角落寻找答案。
要注意推理的基础是原文内容，而不是自己的经验和主观判断，不可凭借自己的主观意愿腹断。
有的题目的推理即为原文具体层面的“同义归纳”。
所涉及的逻辑关系都是最简单的逻辑判断，一步即可推得，考生千万不能人为地把问题复杂化，推理很多步，反而得出错误的答案。
考点11--推理判断之引申推断--讲考点--胸有成竹【2022年推理判断之引申推断考点归纳】【2023年高考命题预测】推理判断之引申推断考点是高考中的必考点。
每年的高考阅读理解中都会有引申推断题以考查学生的推理判断能力，推理判断题的答案是通过对文章中材料的分析得出的结论，它不是文章中直接的事实。
预测在2023高考中，引申推断会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。
【推理判断之引申推断考点指南】规律方法：常见的设问方式：1. What can be inferred about the ......?2．What can be inferred about ......from the last paragraph?3．What can we learn from ......?4．What can we infer about ...... from the text?如何解决引申推断题？引申推断题属于深层理解题，要求根据语篇内容，推断具体细节。
做此类题目关键是要正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，要忠实于原文，千万不能主观臆断，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。
此类题目的题干一般包括六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，assume(假定，设想)和conclude(推断，做出结论)。
考例分析：D【2022·全国高考乙卷】The Government's sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity（肥胖）. It is believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.Initially the sugar tax was expected to make £520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first sixmonths showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate £240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers（制造商）so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers' efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities（设施）and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.15. What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?A. It is a short-sighted decision.B. It is a success story.C. It benefits manufacturers.D. It upsets customers.【答案】15. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。
高考英语阅读理解技巧点拨—推理判断题（一）题型复习阅读理解归纳为以下四大题型，根据阅读理解题考查角度的不同，可采用不同的解题技巧来应付。
Ⅰ.事实细节题Ⅱ.猜测词义题学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
在阅读解题时要注意从以下七个方面着手：1）根据定义或解释、说明猜测生词的词义2）根据对比关系猜测生词的词义3）通过因果关系猜测词义4）根据生活常识猜测词义5）根据同等关系猜测词义6）根据列举的事例猜测词义7）根据构词法知识猜测词义Ⅲ.推理判断题做这类题要求考生在阅读理解整体语篇的同时，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。
不要主观臆断，凭空想象，任意发挥，而走入误区。
学生要学会运用主题句去推测、揣摩文字背后作者的意图，运用归纳、对比、演绎技能，运用背景知识去挖掘文章深层含义，从而正确理解作者的言外之意，同时认真体会文章的语气与感情基调(如：否定、厌恶、反问、讽刺等)。
这类试题常以如下句式发问：①Whatcanyouconclude/implyfromthispassage?②What’stheauthor’sattitude（态度）towards...?③Wecaninfer/learnfromthepassagethat...Ⅳ.主旨大意题这种题型要求考生能够把握文章的总体，并真正理解主题和中心；要求能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法解题，难度较大，属于高层次题。
一般主旨大意题可以分为两类：1．确定文章的标题和主题(titleortopic)标题位于文章之首，用来高度概括文章内容，点明文章主题。
它可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子。
要确定文章标题，首先，要在阅读原文的基础上，考虑标题是否与主题密切相关；其次，看标题是否能概括全文内容。
不能只概括短文中的某些事实或细节；然后，要注意标题范围不应太大或太小；最后，标题应简练并能吸引读者。
专题17 推理判断题解答技巧推理判断题主要考查学生根据文章的字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等。
推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题。
做这类题时，考生应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，同时借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断。
提问整篇文章或某句某段的含蓄意思时，问句中都含有infer, imply, indicate, suggest (推断，暗指)等词。
对付这类题时我们不仅要弄懂文章字面的意思，更重要的是要知道文章潜在的含义，和作者所给的提示。
同时要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作合理的猜测和推论。
这种问题的提问方式通常有：1.From paragraph 4 we can infer that. / What can be inferred from the passage? / From the last paragraph we can infer that .2.We can infer from the text that…/ What can we learn from…? / We can conclude fr om thepassage that…3.The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that.4.The author implies that by the year 2080, .5.To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should.6.The author mentions the fact that…to show.7. This passage would most likely be found in _________?8.The author’s attitude toward …is _________?9. The tone of the passage can best be described as _________?这些提问方式的答案一般在短文中不可能直接找到，必须根据提问中的某些关键字眼与短文中相应的有关内容加以逻辑推理或演算，从而得出某些作者并未说明却已在字里行间所暗含的意思及观点。
高考英语阅读理解技巧点拨—推理判断题(一）题型复习阅读理解归纳为以下四大题型，根据阅读理解题考查角度的不同，可采用不同的解题技巧来应付。
Ⅰ.事实细节题Ⅱ.猜测词义题学会”顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
在阅读解题时要注意从以下七个方面着手：1）根据定义或解释、说明猜测生词的词义2)根据对比关系猜测生词的词义3）通过因果关系猜测词义4）根据生活常识猜测词义5）根据同等关系猜测词义6）根据列举的事例猜测词义7）根据构词法知识猜测词义Ⅲ.推理判断题做这类题要求考生在阅读理解整体语篇的同时，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。
不要主观臆断，凭空想象，任意发挥，而走入误区。
学生要学会运用主题句去推测、揣摩文字背后作者的意图,运用归纳、对比、演绎技能，运用背景知识去挖掘文章深层含义，从而正确理解作者的言外之意,同时认真体会文章的语气与感情基调(如：否定、厌恶、反问、讽刺等).这类试题常以如下句式发问：①What can you conclude/ imply from this passage？②What’s the author's attitude（态度）towards.。
？③We can infer /learn from the passage that...Ⅳ.主旨大意题这种题型要求考生能够把握文章的总体，并真正理解主题和中心；要求能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法解题，难度较大，属于高层次题.一般主旨大意题可以分为两类：1．确定文章的标题和主题(title or topic）标题位于文章之首，用来高度概括文章内容,点明文章主题。
它可以是单词,短语，也可以是句子。
要确定文章标题,首先，要在阅读原文的基础上，考虑标题是否与主题密切相关；其次，看标题是否能概括全文内容。
高考英语推理判断题解题技巧 1 / 6 高考英语推理判断题解题技巧 高考英语阅读理解很重要而且很复杂，为什么复杂？是因为阅读理解有很多题型，那么这些题型中有哪些很重要呢？ 接下来就跟大家谈谈非常重要的一种题型——推理题！！！ 再说推理题之前，我们先来看一道汉语推理题。 人，就是想探寻宇宙奥秘，觅其所未见，因之为探天险而丧生者已为数众多。人类必须征服自然，金沙江之类的天堑改变成通途，事关国计民生，造福古今后世。不意缆车之发明却大大发展了旅游事业，大量赚钱，满足了弱者也能登临天险的好奇心，后果却摧毁了人间天险。 Q：对这段文字的主旨最准确的概括是（ ）。 [A].缆车的发明可以使自然界的天险变成通途 [B].缆车既使旅游业赚钱，也满足了游客探险的愿望 [C].缆车可以让弱者登临天险而不必担心有生命危险 [D].缆车满足了人的好奇心，也限制了人对自然的探寻 [解] 正确答案为D。 段落第三句是说缆车发展了旅游、满足了好奇心，后半句发生意思转折，指出缆车也摧毁了人对自然的探寻。由此，可以看出A、B、C三项仅概括了缆车的正面作用，而没有概括由于缆车而产生的负面效果，故正确答案为D。 这个问题很简单吧，汉语推理so easy，但为什么考研阅读推理题同学得分不高呢？你是怎么做的呢？段落翻译一下？选项翻译一下？逐个匹配一下？二选一错一下？付出和收获不成正比？大多数原因是主观臆断，想象力和自我感觉占了主导。言外之意就是，没有找到推理题的解题原则和方法。 推理题长什么样？ 传统推理题的题干标志词主要有infer, imply, indicated, suggest, learn等等；新型推理题的题干还有paragraph这种提示段落的词。 推理题分哪几种？ 单段推理、多段推理和细节推理。细节推理一听这个名字就是混血儿。它既长得像细节题又长得像推理题。接下来我们会一一给大家讲解。 如何破解推理题？ 看似神秘的推理题，实则就是考察段落的主要内容、中心大意。现阶段我们已经掌握了如何去找段落中心，怎么找？六大标志别忘记！一个逻辑两个动词和两个特殊还有平铺。具体说就是表示顺接和转接的逻辑词、观点动词、情态动词、特殊标点、特殊句型、平铺直叙的段首和段尾等等。所以推理题答案就在这六大标志处，光说不练假把式，我们实战演练如何？ But what we forget---what our economy depends on us forgetting---is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need someone to tell us, as religion once did, Memento: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It’s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air. 39. We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes_____. [A]. happiness more often than not ends in sadness. [B]. the anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshing. [C]. misery should be enjoyed rather than denied. [D]. the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms. 高考英语推理判断题解题技巧 2 / 6 【解】做题步骤是三思一行。 第一思题干类型。learn, paragraph，推理题。 第二思考点定位句。我们首先要找段落中心六大标志。 [错误做法]看到冒号的同学如获至宝，Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it(记住你会死，一切都将结束，幸福不是否定这一切而是坦然接受，言外之意就是死亡不可避免)，然后就选了A或者C。强调一下，如果冒号出现在论据里它就没那么重要了，冒号前面是解释说明一种宗教信仰，宗教作为一个例子来看就没有那么重要了。所以我们可以把这句话去掉不看，在剩下三个句子里找。 ① But what we forget---what our economy depends on us forgetting---is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. ②The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and
disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need someone to tell us. ③It’s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air. 根据顺序性和密度性原则，我们找到考点定位句是③ It’s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air. 做到这里我们同学其实已经可以得出正确答案了，我们严格按照步骤做完来验证一下。 第三思定位句中关键词。yet逻辑词表示转折，我们做汉语推理题就深有感觉，转折后的意思是重点。关键词=主题词+属性词(情感态度变化)，主题词是it, 属性词就是 bitter yet fresh。 一行选项等价代换完全匹配。
题做完了，是不是三思一行让你很踏实无后顾之忧啊！相比较而言，第二步更重要一些，如果考点定位句找错了，方向错了再努力也是白搭。所以同学们上课不仅要认真听做好笔记，课下要严格按照三思一行步骤解题，一定要把六大标志逐行扫描干净，不然第二步可能就会出现偏差。 例题解析：
We tend to think of plants as the furniture of the natural world. They don’t move，they don’t make sounds and they don’t seem to respond to anything—at least not very quickly. But as is often the case，our human’s view of the world misses quite a lot. Plants talk to each other all the time. And the language is chemical. Over the years，scientists have reported that different types of plants，from trees to tomatoes，release compounds(化合物) into the air to help neighboring plants. These chemical warnings all have the same purpose — to spread information about one plant’s disease or infestation so other plants can defend themselves. But exactly how plants receive and act on many of these signals is still mysterious. In this week’s Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences，researchers in Japan offered some explanations. They had identified one chemical message and traced it all the way from release to action. The scientists looked at tomato plants infested by a common pest，the cutworm. The researchers studied leaves from exposed and unexposed plants. They found one compound showed up more often in the exposed plants. The substance is called HexVic. When the scientists fed HexVic to cutworms，it knocked down their survival rate by 17%.The scientists identified the source of HexVic，and sprayed it lightly over healthy plants. Those plants were then able to start producing the cutworm killing HexVic .Researchers confirmed that uninfected plants have to build their own weapons to fight off bugs and disease. How do they know when to play defense? They are warned first by their friendly plant neighbors.
