Grand Xiangguo Monastery
（大相国寺）
In the down of Kaifeng,there sits a complex of magnificent ancient buildings with wing halls flanking.It is right the Xiangguo Monastery,one of the top ten monasteries in China.Throngs of people from all corners at home or out of the country com to the Xiangguo Monastery for a visit since there are so many stories and folk legends with lots of mysteries exaggerated by novels or operas concerned with it through ages.
Built in the sixth year under the rein of Tianbao in the Northern Qi Dynasty (555 A.D).Xiangguo Monastery used to be one of the famous centers of Buddhism in ancient China with its original name----Janguo Monastery,was first built on the site of the residence of Prince Wuji ine Wei States.also call Xin Ling Jun,one of the four famous children during the Warring States.It was unfortunately destroyed in a war and never rebuilt until the years 701A.D,when a well-known monk named Huiyun came to Kaifeng and successfully collected a great deal of donations for the reconstruction of the monastery on the reasonable excuse that the original site of the monastery was full of Buddhist nimbus and that he had met the Maitreya Buddha in his dream.With the donations,the monastery was rebuilt and a new bronze Maitreya Buddha of six-meter high was enshrined in the Maitreya Hall.In order to commemorate and celebrate Emperor Li Dan?s Ascending the throne from the position of …xiangguo”,(the prime minister),the new emperor of Tang Dynasty renamnes the monastery?xiangguo”instead of the old name,?jiangguo”,hence the present name Xiangguo Monastery,which has already been used for over 1300 years.
The prime of the Xiangguo Monastery was during the Tang&Song period,when it became the top monastery of its kind in China in terms of its scale and magnificent constructions.Especially,the frescoes and sculptures done by two celebrated persons,Wu Daozi and Yang Huizhi made the Monastery far-famed even more in ancient China.It was enlarged and renovated several times in the Song Dynasty,with a total enrolling of more than a thousand monks and nuns,and an area of over 500 Chinese mu(about 33ha)including 64 branches under its jurisdiction.As an imperial monastery of the Northern Song Dynasty,the Xiangguo Monastery acted as not only a spot for Buddhism but also the site for imperial activities such as birthday celebration for the emperor,important festivals,or burning joss for something,even the ceremony to entitle the successful candidates in the imperial examination.Moreover,the emperors also gave honorable titles to the abbots or some other well-known monks of monastery if necessary.When the Jin Dynasty overthrew the Northern Song,the monastery was seriously destroyed by the Jin troops.From then on,the flourishing monastery was gradually doomed to evil-luck in the succedent dynasties as the Yuan,the Ming and Qing.Although it was repaired and renovated several times,yet frequent wars and natural disaster of floods stopped its revival.All the main constructions existent in the monastery today were built under the rein of Emperor Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty,which appeared damaged and shabby by wars and floods in old China,The ancient monastery has been revived and become thriving through some large scaled repairs and renovations by the local government since liberation.Once again it has become one of the China?s key monasteries playing an important role not only in spreading our national culture including Buddhist,But also in the further development of tourism.
With some sense of holy and mystery kept in our minds,Let?s begin our visit to the monastery.The first architecture of the monastery is its south entrance gate.Four big Chinese characters for the monastery?s name written by Zhao Puchu,The previous chairman of China?s Buddhism Association are on the arched front entrance gate.Get in the entrance,and two similar,symmetrical buildings standing on both sides will come into your sight.They are the drum tower and the bell tower,which used to the function as clocks to announce the hour in ancient times.Which is worthwhile to mention here is the jow from the Grand Xiangguo Monastery.It was so fascinating and charming for the elegant bell ringing that it could reach so far away in a foggy day in particular that the whole city was covered in its vigorous sound.It was really a mystery to the monastery.Walking down the axis,you?ll see the first main hall,call Maitreya Buddha Hall.As soon as you leg in the hall,the first impression to you is the mercy smiling Buddha from ear to ear,he is sitting on the lotus pedestal cross-legged with his big belly exposed.It is said the smiling Buddha is one of the incarnations of Maitreya Buddha,who is regard as the Buddha for the Future,that is the successor of Buddha Sakyamuni.He will come to be in control of the world in about 240000,000 years.On both sides of the shrine,there is a pair of vertical tablets,which says:?The smiling face is always laughing at the ridiculous persons in the world;the big belly could just bear all unbearable things under heaven.Besides,four heavenly kings are standing disposedly on both sides of the hall,each holding a magic weapon in his hands.They were said to be guards of Buddha halls.There is another general-like figure,called Skanda(or Weituo known in China)standing at the back of the Maitreya(Mi Le) Buddha and facing the Hall of Mahavira(the Great Hero).He is the god for guarding Buddhist Dharma.It is said,one some demons stole Sakyamuni?s sarira(relic,like the burned bones or other special remains).Skanda rushed after the demons and bravely fought against them and defeated them in the end taking back the missing relic no sooner than he heard the news.From then on,the relic of Sakyamuti was under his protection.
M oving out the Maitreya Hall,you see a magnificent hall,named “Mahavira Hall”,where Sakyamuni Buddha( founder of the Buddhism)id enshrined.It is about 13meters high,double caved,which carved marble fence around,known as …No.One Buddhist Hall in Central China?.There are three statues of Buddha in the hall,in the middle of which,is Buddha Sakyamuni who is regarded as the Buddha of the present world.On the left side of the chief Buddha is the Pharmacist Buddha,who lives in the Eastern Glazed World and has pledged to cure all patients in his world.On the right sits Buddha Amitabha,who is the ruler of the Western Elysium(Paradise).The three Buddhas are signs of the three different worlds,which are existent at the same time.
The third one is the Hall of Arhats.As it is shaped in octagon with a glazed roof in green,so it is also called?Octagonal Glazed Hall?,Being really unique in ancient architecture,it appears all rounding with an octagonal corridor going around an octagonal pavilion in the middle.Along the corridor,500 arhats in various forms and postures are placed around a big wooden statue,which is called?Avalokitesvara or Goddess of Mercy with Over a Thousand Hands and Eyes?.It is a four-faced and four-bodies sculpture measuring 6.6meters in height,carved out of one trunk of gingko tree by an unknown artisan in Qing Dynasty,who was believed to devote all his life on the work of carving.It has six big hands and over 200 small hands on each side with an eye on each hand,altogether 1048 hands and eyes,hence the name of statue,?Goddess of Mercy with a Thousand Hands and a Thousand eyes;.How did the idea of making such a statue come out ?Here
is a legend story as below:Once upon a time,there were a wise king,who become seriously sick,while the enemy state was taking advantage to make an attack to his country.So both the king and his people were worried.One day,a celestial doctor came by and was asked to diagnose and cure the disease for the king.But the celestial doctor said there was no medicine for the king?s sick,but a special pill made of a hand and an eye of his kinsmen by blood.However the king had three daughters.He had to call them in and asked for what to do.The big daughter said,?I?ve just give birth to my baby.If I had lost a hand and an eye,who would take care of my baby??While the second daughter said,”I?m newly married.If I had only one hand and one eye,how could I be with my honey husband??It seemed both of his two elder daughters refused to donate their own hand and eye for their king father.At this critical moment,his youngest daughter said that she was still young and had noting worried,and that she was pleased to help her father.So she cut down one of her arms and gouged out one of her eyes without hesitation.The king was thus cure and won many wars for his country but his youngest daughter lost an arm and an eye.The behavior of the kind young girl soon became widely known and praised by people.Before long the news was brought to the ears of the Buddha,who was great moved by the mercy girl and said,That?s the real filial moral that we sparkplug.I would return her both hands and eyes,and build a statue of her body also,thus,to let people follow and worship”.Later on the Buddha entitled the girl”Goddess of Mercy with Both hands and Both eyes” so that the kind girl could help more people,and issues an order to make a statue of her with both hands and both eyes”which mean“全手全眼”in Chinese.But its Chinese pronunciation is pretty similar to “千手千眼”meaning “a thousand hands and a thousand eyes”,and the order passer just mistook the former for the latter.Therefor the statue of Goddess of Mercy with “one thousand hands and one thousand eyes”was make enough troubles to the one we see before us.The woozy crier did make enough troubles to the statues has been the only treasure of its kind in the world anyway.
The last view in the monastery is the two---storeyed building,call”scripture--keeping tower”as it worked for storing Buddhist scriptures in the ancient times.But today,a fine jade-carves statue of Sakyamuni is also enshrined in the ground hall of the building.It was donated by an overseas Chinese,also a Buddhist from Burma.
To the west of the Scripture--keeping Tower,id a wing building,named the Hall for the Great,where a bronze statue of Kong-hai,a Japanese monk,is arranged.He was born in 744 and learned Buddhism over ten years both in xian and Kaifeng.He came to the Xiaomgguo Monastery,and studied Buddhism from the abbot for some time in Tang Dynasty.For commemorating his merit,some Japanese donated the statue to China and placed it in this monastery,which has been regarded as the mark of friendship between China and Japan.Today,the ancient Monastery has met another prosperous time in its history.More and more people from home and abroad come to the well-known monastery not only for visiting,but also for praying,as well as for participating in Buddhist activities.
2020年河南省中招英语模拟试卷 一．听力理解20分（可以按笔试成绩的20%计入总分） 二．完形填空阅读短文，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。（15分） I used to feel hopeless and frustrated. Last year my mother became 21 ill and had an operation on her brain. I felt my whole world turn upside down and I had no 22 what I could do to help her to reduce her pain. My eyes were filled with tears 23 I was alone. Last month I 24 a watch, which was an 18-year-old birthday gift from my father. I could not fall asleep for a couple of nights because I felt 25 about the loss. There have been many bad things like these in my life. I could never know how to deal with such tough things 26 I read “If You Have a Lemon, Make Lemonade.” “When the wise man is handed a lemon, he says, ‘What 27 can I get from this How can I improve my situation How can I turn this lemon into lemonade’” The author wrote. I suddenly 28 that life is full of ups and downs, so I need to stay positive all the time. Now when I think of my past, I wish I could have done with things 29 . When my mother was fighting against her illness, I should have held her hands in mine, telling her things would get better 30 hiding and crying. Several weeks ago, I took part in a school singing competition. I didn’t 31 a prize. If I had not read this article, I would certainly have felt 32 again. But instead, I smiled after the competition. I was happy that 33 I had got some stage experience.
盘门导游词 盘门景区位于苏州古城西南隅，在唐宋年间曾是南北交通要冲，而且当时的瑞光禅院香火旺盛，因此而形成了商贸云集的繁华地区。到了咸丰十年（1860年）太平军攻打苏州，清军溃退纵火，使昔日繁华付之一炬，盘门逐步成为冷水盘门，但仍保存众多古迹涵丰富，景观独特。 盘门景区占地24.86公顷，早在1983年苏州市政府就立项改造盘门景区，1986年重建城楼，修复城墙及驳岸各300米；1988年起逐步修复了伍相祠；1990年整修加固了瑞光塔；为了加快盘门景区的建设速度，1997年，市政府把这项任务交给了苏州市国际经济发展控股集团有限公司，并列入苏州市跨世纪重点实事工程之一。盘门景区建设总投资历约3.2亿元人民币（除吴宫大酒店）。 整个景区由三个部分组成：南面为闻名中外的水陆古城门，是由春秋时期吴国的伍子胥设计和督造，是现今全国仅存的一座水陆城门，著名学者陈从周先生曾称道：北看长城雄伟，南看盘门秀丽。北面是由中新合资建造的五星级宾馆，耗资近十亿人民币的吴宫喜来登大酒店，目前是苏州档次最高，经营较好的酒店之一。1997年市委、市政府决定由苏州市国际经济发展控股集团有限公司负责实施改造，通过近二年的建设，搬迁居民七百户，单位近十家，投资近二亿人民币。目前已建成东部商市区，占地2.1公顷，仿明清古建群1.2万㎡。中部也就是我们所处的位置，中央庭园占地113亩，投资近1.2亿元，自98年10月开工，至99年9月竣工，恢复、修缮景点二十几处。西部为高档别墅区，依园傍水。现已投资四千余万元，用于拆迁和基础设施改造，建成后高档别墅为70套，高档公寓1.2万㎡。 1999年建成开发的中央庭园，位于景区中部，传承“一池三山”的造园思想，园中挖地成湖堆山，水面与内城河连成一脉，水路贯穿景区各个景点，重建的塔园、丽景楼、四瑞堂、涛隐翠野及钟鼓楼、瑞光胜迹牌坊、白牛助役、白龟听禅、放生池、水上蓬莱、绿坪广场、双亭廊桥、碧波夕照、春水宫影、听枫拜月、千年夹石、蟠龙迎贵等二十多处重要景点，山池亭榭、湖光山影、绿地草坪、古树名花，和历史文物盘门水陆城门、瑞光塔、吴门桥等构成一个极富江南特色的盘门景区。 请大家看那座高大的牌坊，这是进入景区的标志性建筑。牌坊除用作纪念先贤、旌表功德之外，现已引申用来表示仪注，引导游客进入游览胜迹的象徵。牌坊高8.8米，宽12.8米，8、8、1、2、8谐音是发、发、要、你、发，象征欣欣向荣，不断发展。牌坊采用吴地之传统风貌重檐四柱三间三楼石木结构，坊顶两精饰开口哺龙脊，合角处、
2018年河南省普通高中招生考试试卷英语注意事项1，本试卷共10页，七个大题，满分120分，考试时间100分钟。2．本试卷上不要答题，请按答题卡上注意事项的要求直接把答案填写在答题卡上在试卷上的答案无效。 一、听力理解（20小题，每小题1分，共20分）第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。 1. what's the relationship between the two speakers A Mother and son B. Teacher and student C. Waiter and customer. 2. What may the weather be like this weekend? A. Hot B. Warm C. Wet 3. How does the man usually go to work? A. By bus B. By car C. On foot. 4. When does the next train to London leave? A．At16：00： B：At 16：15 C. At16:35 5． What are they talking about？ A． A weekend plan． A class celebration． A personal hobby．
第二节听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 6. What does the woman want? A Socks B. Gloves. C. Scarves 7. How much does the woman need to pay A. 55 dollars B. 100 dollars C. 110 dollar 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。 8. Where are the speakers? A. Ina hotel B. In a shop C. In a restaurant. 9. How many people will stay? A.Two. B. Three. C. Four. 听下面一段独白，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10. What is Trevor? A. A guide． B. A doctor C. A pilot. 11. Why does the speaker fly sometimes? A.Because the speaker loves travelling B. Because some patients live far away.
陕西大慈恩寺导游词5篇 大慈恩寺，位于唐长安城晋昌坊(今陕西省西安市南)，中国佛教八宗之一唯识宗(又称法相宗、俱舍宗、慈恩宗)祖庭，唐长安三大译场之一，已有1350余年历史。下面是小编收集整理的陕西大慈恩寺导游词5篇范文，欢迎借鉴参考。 陕西大慈恩寺导游词5篇(一) 各位游客： 到西安游览时，您一定想去看看大雁塔二这座唐代古塔是古城西安的独特标志，古人曾留下驱山晚照光明显，雁塔晨钟在城南的诗句。作为关中八景之一的大雁塔高高耸立在西安市南郊慈恩寺内，距市中心约4公里，是我国的佛教名塔之一。 大雁塔前身是著名的慈恩寺。慈恩寺初名无漏寺，到了唐贞观二十二年(公元648年)高宗李治做太子时，为追念死去的母亲长孙皇后的恩德，下令在长安晋昌坊建造寺院，敕赐慈恩。它北面正对大明宫含元殿，占地26570平方米，周边风景优美，为唐都长安最宏伟、最壮观之佛教寺院。下面，请大家随我一起走进慈恩寺和大雁塔游览一番。
各位游客，慈恩寺是皇家主持建造的寺院，具有其他寺院望尘莫及的显赫地位和宏大规模。这座寺院当年由13座庭院组成，面积达34O亩，是现在寺院面积的7倍。其建筑富丽堂皇，装饰华丽富贵。慈恩寺现有面积32314平方米，约合48.5亩。 我们先来看寺院山门前这对威武的石狮子。说来也怪，一般外域传入我国的东西，总是先传入实物，而后才有根据实物创作的艺术品。而狮子落户我国，却例外地先传人狮子石刻艺术品，而后才有真狮子的出现。大家知道狮子是在东汉年间由波斯引入我国的，石狮子则是与佛教同时在两汉之际已自印度传入我国。狮子有护法避邪的作用，佛教认为佛为人中狮子，所以佛台前常刻有狮子，称护法狮子。慈恩寺大门口，有4尊石狮对称地雄踞左右，里边靠近大门的两尊，不清楚雕造于何年何时。东侧是雄狮，在戏弄脚下绣球。西侧是雌狮，脚边有一对小狮，称为母子狮。看来这些狮子也按照人们的习惯，以男左女右的序列摆放了。靠外边的两尊狮子，东侧一尊是清乾隆五十年(公元1785年)雕造，西侧一尊是民国19年(公元1930年)雕造。这两对石狮高
2020年河南省中考英语模拟试题含答案 注意事项 1，本试卷共10页，七个大题，满分120分，考试时间100分钟。 2．本试卷上不要答题，请按答题卡上注意事项的要求直接把答案填写在答题卡上在试卷上的答案无效。 一、听力理解（20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。 1. what's the relationship between the two speakers A Mother and son B. Teacher and student C. Waiter and customer. 2. What may the weather be like this weekend? A. Hot B. Warm C. Wet 3. How does the man usually go to work? A. By bus B. By car C. On foot. 4. When does the next train to London leave? A．At16：00 B：At 16：15 C. At16:35 5． What are they talking about？ A． A weekend plan． B.A class celebration． C.A personal hobby. 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 6. What does the woman want?
大相国寺 沿途讲解 游客朋友们，大家好，远道而来，一路辛苦了，首先我代表假日旅行社对大家来到七朝古都——开封游览表示热烈的欢迎，我是你们的导游员小邱，身边的这位是我们的安全大师李师傅，他有着多年的驾驶经验和娴熟的驾驶技术，相信有他为我们保驾护航，我们的开封之旅为更加安全放心，大家可以在车上尽情欣赏沿途风景。能够为大家服务我们感到非常荣幸，在旅途中大家如果有什么意见或问题都可以给我们提出来，我们会尽心尽力的解决，我的电话号码是：1234567654321，请大家记一下，如果有哪位朋友因风景迷人而流连忘返，一定要与我们取得联系。在此，预祝大家旅途愉快，在这里度过一段美好而难忘的时光。 现在我们的旅游车已经离开了开封火车站，今天为大家安排的行程内容是上午游览大相国寺，中午在第一楼就餐，下午参观铁塔风貌。 接下来，我要向大家简要介绍一下开封：开封古称汴梁、汴京、东京，简称汴，是我国八大古都之一。开封之名源于春秋时期，当时，郑国君主郑庄公选择这里修筑储粮仓城，便取启拓封疆之意，定名:启封。到了汉代景帝时（公元前156年），为避汉景帝刘启之名讳，就将启封更名为开封，这便是开封的由来。 开封建城的历史已有2700多年。素有七朝古都之称。特别是一千多年前的北宋时期，开封（史称东京）为宋朝国都长达168年，历经九代帝王。当时，东京城是一座气势雄伟、规模宏大，富丽辉煌的都城。是当时全国的政治、经济、文化的中心，也是世界上最繁华的大都会。北宋画家张择端绘制的巨幅画卷《清明上河图》，更是生动形象地描绘了东京开封城的繁华景象。北宋时期，科技发达，经济繁荣，人文荟萃，创造了一代灿烂辉煌对后世影响深远的宋文化。清正谦明的包公，满门忠烈杨家将，图强变法的王安石，民族英雄岳飞等历史名人，都曾在这里留下光辉的足迹，他们的丰功伟绩，作为民族文化，至今仍在海内外广为传颂。大家可以在车外看到开封遍布市县的名胜古迹，依稀可寻的古城风貌，特色浓郁的民俗文化，绚丽多姿的秋菊，这都显示了古都的风韵和魅力。 朋友们，马上就要到达相国寺了，我给大家简单介绍一下相国寺吧，说到相国寺，许多朋友会想起我国四大古典名著《水浒传》中对开封大相国寺的描写，还有水浒草莽英雄鲁智深倒拔垂杨柳的故事。它位于开封中心闹市区，迄今已有1450多年的历史，素有“大相国寺天下雄”之誉。相国寺始建于北齐天保六年（公元555年），就建在我国古代四公子之一信陵君——无忌的宅院旧址之上，初名“建国寺”，到了唐延和元年，唐睿宗为纪念自已由相王登上皇位，将“建”改为“相”，自此相国寺声名显赫，历久不衰，成为中州名寺。唐宋两代是大相国寺的鼎盛时期，尤其是北宋时期，是全国最大的佛教寺院，寺院面积广阔，寺内建筑巍峨，雕梁画柱，僧众达万余人，逢皇帝祝寿祈祷、巡亲及进士题名等，躲在这里举行，故又称皇家寺院。今天的相国寺以它千余年的悠久历史和宏伟的建筑而名列中国十大佛教寺院之一。 朋友们，我们已经到达了停车场，下车前请大家记好我们的车牌号——豫A12345，为一辆蓝色大巴车。现在大家带好随身物品随我下车，一起穿越时空隧道，聆听禅乐，感悟佛理吧！ 景区讲解词： 我们现在来到了中国十大佛教寺院之一的开封大相国寺。进入寺门，首先我
2018年河南省普通高中招生考试试卷英语注意事项 1，本试卷共10页，七个大题，满分120分，考试时间100分钟。 2．本试卷上不要答题，请按答题卡上注意事项的要求直接把答案填写在答题卡上在试卷上的答案无效。 一、听力理解（20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。 1. what's the relationship between the two speakers A Mother and son B. Teacher and student C. Waiter and customer. 2. What may the weather be like this weekend? A. Hot B. Warm C. Wet 3. How does the man usually go to work? A. By bus B. By car C. On foot. 4. When does the next train to London leave? A．At16：00： B：At 16：15 C. At16:35 5． What are they talking about？ A． A weekend plan． A class celebration． A personal hobby．
第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 6. What does the woman want? A Socks B. Gloves. C. Scarves 7. How much does the woman need to pay A. 55 dollars B. 100 dollars C. 110 dollars 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。 8. Where are the speakers? A. Ina hotel B. In a shop C. In a restaurant. 9. How many people will stay? A.Two. B. Three. C. Four. 听下面一段独白，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10. What is Trevor? A. A guide． B. A doctor C. A pilot.
各位游客： 到西安游览时，您一定想去看看大雁塔二这座唐代古塔是古城西安的独特标志，古人曾留下“驱山晚照光明显，雁塔晨钟在城南”的诗句。作为关中八景之一的大雁塔高高耸立在西安市南郊慈恩寺内，市中心约4公里，是我国的佛教名塔之一。 大雁塔前身是著名的慈恩寺。慈恩寺初名无漏寺，到了唐贞观二十二年（公元648年）高宗李治做太子时，为追念死去的母亲长孙皇后的恩德，下令在长安晋昌坊建造寺院，敕赐“慈恩”。它北面正对大明宫含元殿，占地26570平方米，周边风景优美，为唐都长安最宏伟、最壮观之佛教寺院。下面，请大家随我一起走进慈恩寺和大雁塔游览一番。 各位游客，慈恩寺是皇家主持建造的寺院，具有其他寺院望尘莫及的显赫地位和宏大规模。这座寺院当年由13座庭院组成，面积达34O亩，是现在寺院面积的7倍。其建筑富丽堂皇，装饰华丽富贵。慈恩寺现有面积32314平方米，约合48.5亩。 我们先来看寺院山门前这对威武的石狮子。说来也怪，一般外域传入我国的东西，总是先传入实物，而后才有根据实物创作的艺术品。而狮子落户我国，却例外地先传人狮子石刻艺术品，而后才有真狮子的出现。大家知道狮子是在东汉年间由波斯引入我国的，石狮子则是与佛教同时在两汉之际已自印度传入我国。狮子有护法避邪的作用，佛教认为“佛为人中狮子”，所以佛台前常刻有狮子，称护法狮子。慈恩寺大门口，有4尊石狮对称地雄踞左右，里边靠近大门的两尊，不清楚雕造于何年何时。东侧是雄狮，在戏弄脚下绣球。西侧是雌狮，脚边有一对小狮，称为母子狮。看来这些狮子也按照人们的习惯，以男左女右的序列摆放了。靠外边的两尊狮子，东侧一尊是清乾隆五十年（公元1785年）雕造，西侧一尊是民国19年（公元1930年）雕造。这两对石狮高度在1.7米以上，每尊重量至少也在250公斤以上。奇怪的是这两尊八面威风石制实心的庞然大物，即使用手轻轻地拍打，也会发出似铜非钢的金属声，清脆悦耳，十分动听。各位游客，您能猜出这是什么原因吗？ 走进寺院是两座小楼，东边是钟楼，里边悬挂有明代嘉靖年间铸造的一口铁钟，重15吨。西边是鼓楼，楼里存有一面大鼓。长久以来，人们都把“雁塔晨钟?作为关中八景之一，广为流传。但以往人们都以为“雁塔晨钟”是指西安小雁塔的钟，其实此景指的是大雁塔，因为大雁塔这口钟重3万斤，是在大慈恩寺内于明嘉靖二十七年（公元1548年）十月铸造的，比小雁塔那口钟搬入寺内的时间早100多年，上面还铸有“雁塔晨钟”铭文。 众所周知，一般寺庙都有大雄宝殿，慈恩寺也一样。它的大雄宝殿位于寺院中心高台上，初建于明天顺二年（公元1458年）至成化二年（公元1466年），清光绪十三年（公元1887年）曾予大修。大殿上面三座塑像是释迎牟尼三身像。中间的叫法身像，西边的叫报身像，东边的叫应身像。释迎牟尼为佛教始祖，原是古印度迎毗罗卫国的王子，生于公元前565年，死于公元前486年，大约与孔子同时代。三身佛东侧立有释迦牟尼的十大弟子之一迎叶；西侧立有其堂弟阿难，他待从释迦牟尼25年，也是十大弟子之一。两侧是十八罗汉和玄奘塑像。 大雄宝殿后是藏经楼，存有《藏文大藏经》等重要经典。楼下是讲堂，为佛教徒讲经说法之处，供奉阿弥陀佛铜像一尊，高1米多。殿内珍藏玄奘亲手供奉的佛座一件，还有唐代青响石四大天王像座一块。此石为蓝田玉山所产青石，敲之锵锵有声，清脆悦耳。 各位游客，我们走出藏经楼，就能看到壮观雄伟的大雁塔。看到这座唐代建筑，你们一定会又感叹又好奇吧？首先一个问题就是此塔为何要以大雁命名呢？ 按照印度佛教传说，当初佛教有大乘与小乘两派，小乘佛教不忌荤腥。有一天，正是菩萨布施日，一座小乘寺院的和尚却买不到肉下饭。这时天空中一群大雁飞过，一个和尚望着雁群自言自语：“今日增房无肉吃，大慈大悲的菩萨一定不会忘记这是什么日子。”话音未落，领头的大雁便折翅坠地。于是全寺和尚大惊失色，认为这定是菩萨显灵。他们就在大雁坠地处建造石塔，并戒绝荤腥，改信大乘佛教。因此，佛塔又称大雁塔。 到了大雁塔，人们自然会想起唐代名僧玄奘，他是慈恩寺内的第一任住持方丈。相传唐永徽三年（公元652年），著名高僧玄奘大师为安置他从西域带回来的经书、佛像、舍利，奏请高宗允许，在慈恩寺西院，
2020年河南中考原创模拟卷（二） 一、听力理解（20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。 ( ) 1．What was the man doing this morning? A．He was answering the phone. B．He was watering flowers C．He was playing in the garden. ( ) 2.Where is the bus go? A．park B. airport C. We don’t know ( ) 3.What does the man want to do? A．Look for a job. B．See an advertisement. C．Read yesterday’s newspaper. ( ) 4. Does Susan wait for Jane today? A. Yes B. No C. We don’t know ( ) 5.The woman thinks the best things in life are _____. A. free B. a new apartment and a shiny new car C. the people in life 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 ( ) 6. Where does the man want to go? A. The South B. Guangzhou C. Xi’an ( ) 7. Can the man book 8:00 flight? A. Yes. B. No. C. We are not sure. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。 ( ) 8．What are the three Rs? A．Reduce, Recyle and Rebuild. B．Remember, Recyle and Reuse. C．Reduce, Recycle and Reuse. ( ) 9．What can we recycle and reuse? A．Paper. B．Plastics. C．Energy
大相国寺导游词最新范文 大相国寺位于中国河南省开封市，是中国汉传佛教十大名寺之一，国家AAAA级旅游景区。以下是为大家整理的大相国寺导游词最新范文，供大家参考学习。 大相国寺导游词1 大相国寺位于中国河南省开封市，是中国汉传佛教十大名寺之一，国家AAAA级旅游景区。原是战国四公子之一的魏信陵君故邸。大相国寺始建于北齐天保六年(西元555年)，当时名为“相国寺”，后改信陵君庙，又改建“相国寺”，也在该庙后殿奉祀信陵君神位。唐延和元年(720_年)，唐睿宗为纪念自己以相王的身份重登大宝，赐名该寺为“大相国寺”。至北宋时期，大相国寺的地位和规模达到鼎盛，辖64禅、律院，占地540亩，僧众数千人，不但是当时全国的佛教中心，也是全国各地商人在京城开封的商品集散中心。1992年8月恢复佛事活动，复建钟、鼓楼等建筑。整座寺院布局严谨，巍峨壮观，20_年被评定为国家AAAA 级旅游景区。 开封大相国寺始建于北齐天保六年(555年)，位于著名文化历史名城、七朝古都开封的市中心。该寺历史悠久，是中国汉传佛教十大名寺之一，与白马寺、少林寺、风穴寺齐名，被称为“中
原四大名寺”。在中国佛教史上有着重要的地位和广泛的影响。1992年8月恢复佛事活动，复建钟、鼓楼等建筑。整座寺院布局严谨，巍峨壮观，20_年被评定为国家AAAA旅游景点。 大相国寺至北宋时期达到空前的鼎盛，辖64禅、律院，占地540亩，因受帝王崇奉，地位如日中天，是为中国历史上第一座“为国开堂”的“皇家寺院”。 开封大相国寺(14)唐代，日本高僧空海赴长安学习佛法，曾寄居大相国寺。回日后，他在弘扬佛法的同时，创造了日*字“片假名”。宋代，每逢海外僧侣来华，皇帝多诏令大相国寺接待;四方使节抵汴，必定入寺巡礼观光。宋神宗时，日僧成寻曾率弟子前来巡拜。日本佛教界出于对大相国寺的钦慕，在京都也设立了相国寺，并承中土佛教之风，将禅寺中高等级者列为“五山十刹”。 明崇祯十五年(公元1642年)，大相国寺在一次人为的黄河决口中被大水淹没。清顺治十八年(公元1661年)和乾隆三十一年(公元1766年)皇帝下诏两次重修，弘历皇帝亲题“敕建相国寺” 匾额。道光二十一年(公元1841年)黄河决口，大相国寺再遭厄运，损毁严重。新中国成立后，大相国寺自1992年起恢复佛事活动。并复建了建钟鼓楼、放生池、山门殿、牌坊等建筑。 相国寺是东京最大的佛寺，初创于北齐天保六年(555)，原名建国寺。传说原为战国魏公子无忌——信陵君的宅院。后寺院毁于战火，唐景云二年(711)重建。延和元年(712)，唐睿宗诏改寺
2017年河南省中考英语试卷 二、选择填空．（15小题，每小题1分，共15分）从ABCD 四个选项中选出一个最佳答案． 1. ﹣﹣﹣When will ________car race begin？ ﹣﹣﹣I'm not sure．Maybe next week，or maybe ________week after next（） A a； the B an； the C the； a D the； the 2. His name is James，but he usually calls____ Jim．（） A he B him C his D himself 3. If you fight hard，know who you are，and are proud of who you are，you've got a good ________ of winning． A choice B chance C decision D direction 4. Amy is ______ student because she was born later than anyone else in her class. A young B younger C the younger D the youngest 5. ﹣﹣Jimmy，where are my glasses？I have looked everywhere． ﹣﹣Oh，Granny．They are _____ on your nose．（） A even B well C right D ever 6. ﹣﹣Paul，I'm busy cooking．Can you give a hand？ ﹣﹣Just a minute．I________ my e﹣mail．（） A am checking B will check C have checked D was checking 7. Father brought his little boy to a concert．But he was too young to sit ___ the whole concert．（） A for B with C during D through 8. ﹣﹣﹣I don't care what people think． ﹣﹣﹣Well，you ___．You're not alone in this world．（） A can B may C should D will 9. —Why are you leaving your job? —I can't stand it any longer. I ______ always ______ to work overtime. A am; asking B am; asked C was; asking D was; asked 10. Don't know where your kids are in the house？Turn off the Internet and they'll_____ quickly．（） A get up B stand up C show up D hurry up 11. The actor was happy he got a part in the a movie, ______ the part was a small one. A since B while C though D unless 12. The plane ________ on the ground for two more hours because of the bad weather．（） A ran B moved C shook D remained 13. I hate the dogs ________ live in the next house．They make loud noises all night（） A who B that C what D whom 14. Whenever we kids come over, Auntie Susan just stands there and watches us ______ sure we don't break anything. A make B made C to make D making 15. Which of the following sentences is correct？（） A He came in and sat down． B We all like＜Harry Potter＞． C When we met．He didn't say hello． D We went out，headed for the bus stop．
大慈恩寺及大雁塔 大雁塔景区是一处佛教圣地，是国家AAAA级景区，与唐代高僧玄奘法师有密切的关系，唐僧取经译经的故事就发生在这里。所有佛教寺院，都是僧众供佛、礼佛、诵经的道场，而大慈恩寺、大雁塔与其他寺院相比究竟有什么特别之处呢？古今中外和尚如云、高僧无数，那么唐僧玄奘何许人也？唐僧取经的故事为什么广为流传，今天大家参观过这个景区后，就会找到以上问题的答案。相信大家都知道《西游记》唐僧取经的故事吧? 然而在这个景区却没有《西游记》神话中“唐僧师父”，也找不到降妖除魔的“孙悟空、猪八戒和沙和尚”。但你会感受到一个活生生的、真实的唐僧玄奘西天取经故事。要说玄奘何许人？我们说他是一位顶天立地的中国人，是一个具有民族精神和爱国主义情怀的中国人。他又是一个得道的高僧，唐太宗尊称他是“法门之领袖”，唐高宗称他是“真如之冠冕”。 我们现在来到了大雁塔南广场。本景区由主景区即大慈恩寺、大雁塔和南北广场、东西两苑组成，占地约500亩。在广场的中央矗立着一尊唐僧玄奘西天取经的高大铜像。只见他气宇轩昂，身披袈裟，手执锡杖，迈着坚定的步伐，好象正奔波在西行取经的路途上。身后就是他开创的慈恩祖庭，是他主持的译经道场大慈恩寺，以及他所修建的大雁塔。 玄奘（602-664年），俗姓陈名祎，河南偃师人，自幼聪慧超群，勤奋好学。13岁被朝廷破格录取，在洛阳净土寺剃度为僧。玄奘先后周游全国十余省，遍访十余位高僧名贤，拜学经典，穷尽各家学说，誉满京师，被誉为“释门伟器和佛门千里驹。”在全国各地游学后，
他回顾佛教传入中国600年以来、佛经残缺不全，教义分歧，派别纷争的状况。玄奘在对佛经研习中，对佛经的质疑之处多达百余条。他决意到佛教发源地---天竺国，也就是现今的印度，去探求佛教的精蕴，以解众疑，弘扬佛法。公元627年他结伴上表奏请，申请赴印求法，未得到朝廷的批准。其他人纷纷退缩，而他不为所动，矢志不改，并且利用出国之前3年时间，从佛经研究、语言、梵文及物质精神等方面作了充分准备。遂违禁出关，即违法偷渡出境，昼伏夜行，只身前往，开始了他西天取经的艰难历程和传奇故事。现在请大家继续参观。 现在我们来到大慈恩寺，寺院的正门称为山门，也叫三门，分别称为空门、无作门、无相门，象征着佛教的三解脱之门。大家看，门上的牌匾是江泽民同志亲自题写的“大慈恩寺”几个金光闪闪的大字。慈恩寺创建于隋开皇九年（公元589年），初名“无漏寺”.公元648年，唐高宗李治作太子时，为其母以追荐冥福修建寺院，故得名“慈恩寺”。寺院虽系太子李治为其母追福而建，也表达了其父唐太宗怀念文德皇后的心愿。唐太宗和文德皇后从小结发，情深意长，13岁即“嫔于太宗”，当时太宗李世民才17岁。太宗即位时，立其为皇后。文德皇后为人贤良正直，顾全大局，严于律已，她为了大唐社稷，力避裙带之嫌，她坚持不愿自己兄弟子侄担任朝廷要职。而对于魏征、房玄龄等忠勇良臣，却全力保谏爱护。皇后的申明大义，正直贤慧，成为大唐贞观盛世的良佐栋梁。在临终遗言时还强调“不可厚葬，俭薄送终”。如此贤淑开朗，确不愧为一位有胆识、有胸怀的女政治家。对文德皇后的去世，太宗十分悲恸，向近臣表白：“朕非不知天命而无益之悲，但入宫不复闻规谏之言，失一良佐，故不能忘
河南省（2018年）高中招生考试试卷英语 注意事项 1，本试卷共10页，七个大题，满分120分，考试时间100分钟。2．本试卷上不要答题，请按答题卡上注意事项的要求直接把答案填写在答题卡上在试卷上的答案无效。 一、听力理解（20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选 出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。 1. what's the relationship between the two speakers A Mother and son B. Teacher and student C. Waiter and customer. 2. What may the weather be like this weekend? A. Hot B. Warm C. Wet 3. How does the man usually go to work? A. By bus B. By car C. On foot. 4. When does the next train to London leave? A．At16：00： B：At 16：15 C. At16:35 5． What are they talking about？ A． A weekend plan． A class celebration． A personal hobby． 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 6. What does the woman want? A Socks B. Gloves. C. Scarves
开封导游词 导游词——开封各位游客朋友们大家好，咱们现在正行驶在郑汴大道上，途径中牟就会到达开封，路程大约要一个小时左右的时间，在未到达之前，咱们先来了解一下名人名城——开封英国史学家汤因比曾经说过一段很有名的话，说如果让我选择的话，我愿意生活在中国的宋朝因为宋朝是中国封建社会的鼎盛时期，宋代的都城汴京就是今天的开封，是当时世界上最大的都市人口有百万之多，被称为是当时的国际大都市今天我们就讲讲北宋的都城——开封开封是一座具有2700多年历史的古都，历史上先后有七个朝代在这里建都，那么这个古都合一起名开封呢？又是谁来命名的呢？这个城市的名字很奇怪“开”“封”？曾经有人说了两种比喻，说开封这个城市的名字，就像大河解冻一样，说冬天的河水解冻了，到了春天解冻了叫开封，另一种说法就是说开封这个名字自相矛盾，因为“一开一封”正好是相反的其实这两个说法都不正确，因为开封的原名并不叫开封，它叫启封，启封城建在2700年前的春秋时期，郑国的郑庄公为了抵御东边的宋国和北方的魏国对他的侵扰，就修建了为了储藏粮食和兵器的一座城市，取得意思就是“启拓封疆”，简称“启封”到了西汉时，汉武帝名字叫刘启，为了避汉文帝名字的讳，就把“启”改成了“开”，因为启和开是同义词，所以从汉文帝开始，开封这个名字一直延续到今天没有
变化这个城市是八大古都之一，他也是一个非常奇特的城市非常奇特的第一点：这个城市是一层摞一层像叠罗汉一样叠加起来的一个城市，原因是什么呢？我们今天看到的开封是清代的开封，在清代的开封城下大概几米的地方是明代的开封城，再往下面市宋代的开封城，再向下是唐代的开封城，在现在开封城13米深的低处是战国时期的魏国大梁，所以开封城他显示了城与城叠加的一个形式，所以我们把这种形式叫做城摞城当然这个城市出现城摞城的主要原因是河水的泛滥，是泥沙淹没了旧城，然后再旧城的城址上再建新城，所以这是一个非常惨痛的过程但是也造成了一个独特的现象，就是城摞城的现象而且我们今天的考古发掘，不仅发现了开封城摞城的现象，而且他还是城墙摞着城墙，马路摞马路，中轴线摞中轴线，也就是说修建开封城的时候，它的中轴线是没有变化的今天开封的城市里有一条路叫中山路，这条路就是宋都御街的一个垂直叠压的，所以这种现象在开封是非常独特的现象，而在世界上其它的城市中都没有这种类似现象的，当然这个现象也给开封带来了巨大的灾难，开封城摞城的现象意味着开封经历了五次洪水对开封的毁灭，因为开封城的北面20多里的地方就是黄河，直到今天黄河的河床比开封的要高出11米在开封城成立的2700多年间，开封共决口泛滥42次，其中五次是完全摧毁了开封城，当然每一次开封城被毁以后，每个王朝的人又迁回来，在原址上
2016年河南省普通高中招生考试试卷 英语 注意事项： 1．本试卷共10页，七个大题，满分120分，考试时间100分钟。请用蓝、黑色水笔或圆珠笔直接答在试卷上。 2．答卷前请将密封线内的项目填写清楚。 一、听力理解(20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。每段对话读两遍。( ) 1. Who is going to Canada? A. Jack. B. Chris. C. Julie. ( ) 2. When can Linda probably come to the party'? A. At 6:30. B. At 7:00. C. At 7:30. ( ) 3. What did Eric do last weekend? A. He read a book. B. He stayed at home. C. He went swimming. ( ) 4. Why does Peter look unhappy? A. Because he has a math problem. B. Because he failed in the math test. C. Because he's lost his math textbook. ( ) 5. How many people are there inthe boy's family? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。每段对话或独自读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 ( ) 6. How doesthe womanlike dogs? A. They are noisy. B. They are peaceful. C. They are easy to train. ( ) 7. What will the woman have as a pet? A. A cat. B. A dog. C. A bird. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。 ( ) 8. Where is the woman going? A. To the bus station. B. To the train station. C. To the airport. ( ) 9. How much does the woman pay? A. $40. B. $45. C. $50. 听下面一段独白，回答第10至第]2三个小题。 ( ) 10. How oRen does Dennis buy a new story book?
2020年河南中考英语模拟试卷 一、听力理解（20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话有一个小题，从题中所给的A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并填写在题前括号内。每段对话两遍。 ( ) 1.When does the English party start? A. Ten to six. B. Ten past six. C. Six o’clock. ( ) 2.What’s the weather like? A. It’s sunny. B. It’s snowy. C. It’s windy. ( ) 3.What does the mother think of ads? A. Some of them are useful. B. They are useless. C. They are very interesting. ( ) 4.How often does Henry go swimming? A. Twice a week. B. Once a week. C. Once a day. ( ) 5.Why didn’t Peter see the film on TV? A. He didn’t like it. B. He didn’t have them. C. His mother didn’t allow him to. 第二节听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并填写在题前括号内。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 ( ) 6. Where is the swimming pool? A. On the left of the street. B. At the end of the street. C. Behind a red building. ( ) 7. How will the man get there? A. On foot. B. Take a bus. C. Take a taxi. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。 ( ) 8. When did the boy lose his schoolbag? A. While he was playing soccer. B. When he watched a football match. C. When he bought a football. ( ) 9. How long has he had the schoolbag? A. About 15 days. B. Half a week. C. 30 days.