欧·亨利
真实姓名：威廉·西德尼·波特(William Sydney Porter)
生卒年代：1862-1910
职称：美国批判现实主义作家，世界短篇小说大师之一，世界三大短篇小说家之一。
1862年9月11日，美国最著名的短篇小说家之一欧·亨利（O.Henry）出生于美国北卡罗来纳州一个小镇。曾被评论界誉为曼哈顿桂冠散文作家和美国现代短篇小说之父。他出身于美国北卡罗来纳州格林斯波罗镇一个医师家庭。父亲是医生。15岁在叔父的药房里当学徒。五年后去得克萨斯州一个牧场放牛。1884年后做过会计员、土地局办事员和银行出纳员。1896年，银行发现缺少一小笔款子，欧·亨利因涉嫌被传讯。他却取道新奥尔良去拉丁美洲避难。1897年，回国探望妻子，因而被捕，判处5年徒刑。在狱中曾担任药剂师，并开始以欧·亨利为笔名写作短篇小说，于《麦克吕尔》杂志发表。1901年，因“行为良好”提前获释，来到纽约专事写作。
他的一生富于传奇性，当过药房学徒、牧牛人、会计员、土地局办事员、新闻记者、银行出纳员。当银行出纳员时，因银行短缺了一笔现金，为避免审讯，离家流亡中美的洪都拉斯。后因回家探视病危的妻子被捕入狱，并在监狱医务室任药剂师。他在银行工作时，曾有过写作的经历，担任监狱医务室的药剂师后开始认真写作。1901年提前获释后，迁居纽约，专门从事写作。
欧·亨利创作的短篇小说共有300多篇，收入《白菜与国王》(1904)、《四百万》(1906)、《西部之心》(1907)、《市声》(1908)、《滚石》(1913)等集子，其中以描写纽约曼哈顿市民生活的作品为最著名。他把那儿的街道、小饭馆、破旧的公寓的气氛渲染得十分逼真，故有“曼哈顿的桂冠诗人”之称。他曾以骗子的生活为题材，写了不少短篇小说。作者企图表明道貌岸然的上流社会里，有不少人就是高级的骗子，成功的骗子。欧·亨利对社会与人生的观察和分析并不深刻，有些作品比较浅薄，但他一生困顿，常与失意落魄的小人物同甘共苦，又能以别出心裁的艺术手法表现他们复杂的感情。因此，他最出色的短篇小说如《爱的牺牲》、《警察与赞美诗》、《带家具出租的房间》、《麦琪的礼物》、《最后一片藤叶》等都可列入世界优秀短篇小说之中。
欧·亨利善于描写美国社会尤其是纽约百姓的生活。他的作品构思新颖，语言诙谐，结局常常出人意外；又因描写了众多的人物，富于生活情趣，被誉为“美国生活的幽默百科全书”。代表作有小说集《白菜与国王》、《四百万》、《命运之路》等。其中一些名篇如《爱的牺牲》、《警察与赞美诗》、《带家具出租的房间》、《麦琪的礼物》、《最后一片藤叶》等使他获得了世界声誉。
从艺术手法上看，欧·亨利善于捕捉生活中令人啼笑皆非而富于哲理的戏剧性场景，用漫画般的笔触勾勒出人物的特点。作品情节的发展较快，在结尾时突然出现一个意料不到的结局，使读者惊愕之余，不能不承认故事合情合理，进而赞叹作者构思的巧妙。他的文字生动活泼，善于利用双关语、讹音、谐音和旧典新意，妙趣横生。他还以准确的细节描写，制造与再现气氛。特别是大都会夜生活的气氛。
读欧?亨利的小说，总有种轻松却又迫不及待的心情，说是轻松，是因为他的故事并不沉重，而说是迫不及待，又是因为我总是急于知道真相，看看这似乎是不和逻辑，意料之外的，却又合乎情理，耐人寻味的结尾。
其中，最为著名的，便是《麦琪的礼物》。开始，作者着力介绍詹姆斯?迪林厄姆?杨夫妇俩的金表，和德拉的秀发。他这样写道：“如果示巴女王①也住在天井对面的公寓里，总有一天德拉会把头发披散下来，露出窗外晾干，使那女王的珍珠宝贝黔然失色；如果地下室堆满金银财宝、所罗门王又是守门人的话，每当吉姆路过那儿，准会摸出金表，好让那所罗门王忌妒得吹胡子瞪眼睛。”夫妇俩生活贫困，但却彼此相爱，为了给对方一个圣诞礼物，吉姆卖了表，买回梳子，而他的妻子却卖了自己的头发，买了一个表链。初读完这段时，我真是替这对夫妇不平，费劲心思为对方买的礼物，却成了莫大的讽刺。富人可以挥金如土，可穷人却得用自己最宝贵的东西交换。然而读到后面，我就释然了，作者写道：“正如诸位所知，麦琪是聪明人，聪明绝顶的人，他们把礼物带来送给出生在马槽里的耶稣。他们发明送圣诞礼物这玩艺儿。由于他们是聪明人，毫无疑问，他们的礼物也是聪明的礼物，如果碰上两样东西完全一样，可能还具有交换的权利。在这儿，我已经笨拙地给你们介绍了住公寓套间的两个傻孩子不足为奇的平淡故事，他们极不明智地为了对方而牺牲了他们家最最宝贵的东西。不过，让我们对现今的聪明人说最后一句话，在一切馈赠礼品的人当中，那两个人是最聪明的。在一切馈赠又接收礼品的人当中，像他们两个这样的人也是最聪明的。无论在任何地方，他们都是最聪明的人。
他们就是麦琪。”
是啊，从表面上看，他们极不明智地为了对方而牺牲了他们家最最宝贵的东西。但他们对彼此的爱才是物价之宝，金钱无法换得真情，圣诞礼物只是一个象征，但其中凝聚的爱确实高于众人之上的。他们便可以被称作麦琪——传播爱，为世间送来福音的圣人。他们象征着这种可贵的品质，在作者看来，这才是人间最聪明的东西。
这段结尾，是欧?亨利鲜有的点评式结尾，但从中足以看出作者对真爱的赞美，相信世界有真情，对美好人间的希冀。
而在本书中，我最较喜欢的，还有《高尚的骗子》系列，杰浦?彼得斯和安岱这两个骗子，在《精确的婚姻学》，《慈善事业数学讲座》，《艺术良心》及《虎口拔牙》中，通过各种奇异的方法行骗，有时在开头或结尾，你总以为两人会在行骗之余作些好事，如将两千元送给特洛特太太去结婚，或是办所学校，可到头来，钱还是到了他们的手上，令人啼笑皆非。可无论如何，对于这两个骗子，我却怎么也恨不起来。我想原因，在于这样一段话：“你在家乡上教堂，做礼拜，挺像一个正经公民，但是你到芝加哥来，想剥夺别人的钱。那些人同你今天想充当的这类卑鄙小人做交易，才创立了稳妥有利的行业。你可知道，那个卖假钞的人也是上有老下有小的，要靠他养家活口。正因为你们这批假仁假义的公民专想不劳而获，才助长了这个国家的彩票，空头矿山，股票买卖。如果没有你们。他们在就没事可干了。你打算抢劫那个卖假钞的人，为了研究那门行业，可能花了好几年功夫。每做一笔买卖，他就承担这一次丧失自由，钱财甚至生命的危险。假如他弄到了钱，你可以去报警，而你弄到了他的钱，他只好一声不吭，典当掉他的会外套去换饭吃。”这段对塔克先生的职责，也是杰浦?彼得斯的内心话。人性本善，没有人天生就要去当坏人，但正是因为有了这些想不劳而获的伪君子，资本主义家，才使老百姓们贫苦无依，他们受生活所逼，不得已才去行骗。而被他们骗倒的人，也大多拿的是不义之财，两人利用人贪婪，好慕虚荣，好逸恶劳的心里，以自己的自由，金钱甚至生命为筹码，去谋生计，对于他们，又真有什么可恨之处呢？作者笔下黑暗腐败的美国社会，才是最大的骗子，才是罪恶的源泉。
此外，还有《华而不实》，《汽车等待的时候》两篇文章相映成趣，一场邂逅，真正的上层人士隐藏自己的身份，穷人却将自己虚幻成有钱人，从中也能看出当时美国的社会风气——金钱至上。这个风气如今在许多地方依然风行，令人悲叹。
这便是欧?亨利的内心矛盾，一方面，他相信并歌颂人间的真爱，如《麦琪的礼物》，《爱得奉献》，《小熊约翰?汤姆的返祖现象》等，可另一方面，他又讽刺了人间世事难料，虚伪狡诈的一面，如《带家具出租的房间》《两位感恩节的绅士》。在他笔下，坏人也有善良的一面，而所谓的正人君子，有权有势之人，才是真正的黑暗势力。如《重新做人》中的吉米，《虎口拔牙》中的五金巨商。这显然不符合普通人的逻辑，可细读下来，放眼社会，这却就是真相。或许人们惊叹的是欧?亨利巧妙的写法，但更多的，是对我们所处的社会那隐约可见，却没有人敢于直面的黑暗面的震惊吧。
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大 众 文 艺大58 day forward, Buck lived for that man. After being with this man for quite some time, Buck started to hear a call from far away. He started paying more and more attention to this call. He went out for days at a time searching for its source. This call was the call of the wild. He had a will to go off and be with other dogs. He felt the urge to be free from man and catch his own food. One day, Buck finally left for good. He was excepted by a pack of wolves who treated him like a wolf himself. And so the transformation was complete. Buck had changed from a dog, to a beast of nature. Bibliographies [1] London Jack. The Call of the Wild. [M]New York: Airmont Publishing Co. Inc, 1964. [2] Pizer, Donald. American Realism and Naturalism. [M]Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2000.[3]The New Encyclopaedia Britannica, 15th ed.1993. [4]蒋承勇(主编). 欧美自然主义文学的现代阐释.[M]上海：复旦大学出版社,2002 [5]柳鸣九.自然主义大师佐拉.[M]上海：上海文艺出版社,1989 作者简介 孙海晶（1983年-），女，满族，河北省遵化市人，北京第二外国语院，英语专业 O’Henry, one of the three most famous short-story writers in the world, enjoys equal status with Chekhov and Maupassant. His short stories are famous for its unexpected ending, as well as their exquisite conception. O’Henry’s sympathy for the poor social underdogs, his eulogy of human virtues and exposure of human evils are highlighted as the keynote of his works. Humanity endows his works with perpetual artistic charm. His short stories are typically American, portraying various types of people in the United States. 1 The Main Theme of O’Henry’s Works 1.1Human Virtues In his works, O’Henry presents the panorama of the American people to readers with ironic and humorous tone. O’Henry is sympathetic with the poor; he praises the human virtues and denounces human defeats. Humanity, as the eternal theme of O’Henry’s works, endows his works with perpetual artistic charm. Human being has many virtues from ancient times to the present. They are kind, brave, honest, hard-working, polite, thrifty, generous, and hospitable and so on. Some people pay a great deal in order to maintain these virtues, they sacrifice their own happiness even life for the lofty love and friendship; they help others without asking for rewards and regard it as a pleasure; they give up their own treasure and chance to others etc. Such people bring love and fine things to the world; they are the ones who endow the world with light and hope. 1.2 Human Evils Human beings have many defects, too. Sometimes they are lazy, rapacious, gluttonous, officious, vain, arrogant, shameless, cowardly, impetuous etc. They benefit themselves at the expense of others, they never show mercy and sympathy to the poor in order to make money, they realize their own aims by hook or by crook etc. Their evil deeds make the world vicious. By exposing the human defects and the dark sides of the world, O’Henry wants to awaken people’s conscience and deepest desire for all good things, so that people can use their efforts to save and cleanse the whole world. 2 Features of Language of O’Henry’s Works 2.1 Figure of Speech 2.1.1 Metaphor In O’Henry’s writings, metaphor is another feature which is worth mention. “A symbol differs from a metaphor in that its application is left open as an unstated suggestion, whereas the metaphor ties a concrete image to an identifiable abstract quality.” The image in metaphor represents specific meaning. But the symbolic image remains indeterminate in its possible meanings; it is usually a substantial image in its own right, around which further significances may gather according to differing interpretations. The metaphor under discussion here does not mean that as a rhetorical device or figure of speech, though the metaphorical sentences as wonderful as the one “Manhattan, the night-blooming cereus, was beginning to unfold its dead-white, heavy-odored petals” teem in O’Henry’s short stories. What is to be probed is the metaphor exploited as a skill in story-writing. In the third branch of Roads of Destiny, the hero David Mig not is a shepherd, but he is too indulged in writing poems to take enough care of his sheep. The flock steadily grows smaller and his wife keeps on complaining. Then one of his friends introduces him to a learned man called Georges Bril, David asks Monsieur Bril to read his poems, because he wants to know if he shall write more or give his attention to his sheep. When Monsieur Bril has read all the verses, he concludes that David has no talent for poem-writing. In order to tell the harsh truth in a mild way, he asks David to look at the crow in the tree. Instead of commenting on the poems directly, Monsleur Bril praises the crow that is content with his lot. In this metaphorical way he advises David tactfully not to try to write poems any more. David sees the point and feels discouraged. He goes back home and thrusts his poems into the stove. Hearing the rustle of the 欧亨利短篇小说的主题思想和语言特点 张明洋1 刘映雪2 （1.长安大学 人文学院 西安 710064 2.沈阳师范大学 旅游管理学院 沈阳 110034） 【摘 要】欧亨利是美国二十世纪初期最著名的短篇小说家之一。他的作品有趣而又意味深长，反映了当时美国的社会现实。并且他的作品因其奇巧的艺术构思，出其不意的结尾而著称。他的作品散发人性美与人情美的芳香。本论文将分析欧亨利作品的主题思想以及从修辞层面和写作技巧方面分析他的作品的语言特点。 【关键词】欧亨利；短篇小说；主题思想；语言特点 【Abstract】O’Henry is one of the greatest American short story writers of the 20th century. His short stories, depicting American society of his time, are both interesting and thought-provoking. And his short stories are famous for its unexpected ending, as well as their exquisite conception. His works was full of the beauty of human nature and the human interest. This thesis intends to analyze the main themes and features of O’Henry’s works from rhetoric aspect and writing techniques. 【Keywords】 O’Henry；short story；main theme；features of language 文艺评论
大众文艺58day forward, Buck lived for that man. After being with this man for quite some time, Buck started to hear a call from far away. He started paying more and more attention to this call. He went out for days at a time searching for its source. This call was the call of the wild. He had a will to go off and be with other dogs .He felt the urge to be freeform man and catch his own food. One day, Buck finally left for good. He was excepted by a pack of wolves who treated him like a wolf himself. And so the transformation was complete. Buck had changed from a dog, to a beast of nature. Bibliographies [1]London Jack. The Call of the Wild.[M]New Y ork: Airmont PublishingCo.Inc,1964.[2]Pizer,Donald.American Realism and Naturalism.[M]Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press,2000.[3]The New Encyclopaedia Britannica,15th ed.1993.[4]蒋承勇(主编).欧美自然主义文学的现代阐释.[M]上海：复旦大学出版社,2002[5]柳鸣九.自然主义大师佐拉.[M]上海：上海文艺出版社,1989作者简介孙海晶（1983年-），女，满族，河北省遵化市人，北京第二外国语院，英语专业 O’Henry, one of the three most famous short-storywriters in the world, enjoys equal status with Chekhov and Maupassant. His short stories are famous for its unexpected ending, as well as their exquisite conception. O’Henry’s sympathy for the poor social underdogs, his eulogy of human virtues. es and exposure of human evils are highlighted as the keynote of his works. Humanity endows his works with perpetual artistic charm. His short stories are typicallyAmerican, portraying various types of people in the UnitedStates.1 The Main Theme of O’Henry’s Works1.1Human Virtues In his works, O’Henry presents the panorama of the American people to readers with ironic and humorous tone. O’Henry is sympathetic with the poor; he praises the human virtues and denounces human defeats. Humanity, as the eternal theme of O’Henry’s w orks, endows his works with perpetual artistic charm. Human being has many virtues from ancient times to the present. They are kind, brave, honest, hard-working, polite, thrifty, generous, and hospitable and so on. Some people pay a great deal in order to maintain these virtues, they sacrifice their own happiness even life for the lofty love and friendship; they help others without asking for rewards and regard it as a pleasure; they give up their own treasure and chance to others etc. Such people bring love and fine things to the world; they are the ones who endow the world with light and hope.1.2 Human Evils Human beings have many defects, too. Sometimes they are lazy, rapacious, gluttonous, officious, vain, arrogant, shameless, cowardly, impetuous etc. They benefit themselves at the expense of others, they never show mercy and sympathy to the poor in order to make money, they realize their own aims by hook or by crook etc. Their evil deeds make the world vicious. By exposing the human defects and the dark sides of the world, O’Henry wants to awaken people’s conscience and deepest desire for all good things, so that people can use their efforts to save and cleanse the wholeworld.2 Features of Language of O’Henry’s Works2.1 Figure of Speech2.1.1 MetaphorIn O’Henry’s writings, metaphor is another feature which is worth mention.” A symbol differs from a metaphor in that its application is left open as an unstated suggestion, whereas the metaphor ties a concrete image to an identifiable abstract quality. ”The ima ge in metaphor represents specific meaning. But the symbolic image
欧亨利短篇小说读后感英文 导语：以下是一篇关于欧亨利短篇小说读后感英文范文，欢迎浏览借鉴! was born in Greensboro, North Carolina. His father, Algemon Sidney porter, ,hismotherdied,,butattheag,wherehehadanumbe rofjobs,,;theyhadonedaughterandoneson., he died in New York on June 5th 1910. In this novel, there are many short ficition,every of them are worth reading,but TheGiftoftheMagi left me a deep impression is, I think this is a good article I have ever read, it is meaningful. In this article,used his style of writing narrated a winding and simple story with humorous and a light sad, in western literary area this theme of presenting the gift in the Christmas eve is so ordinary, some of them is wonderful, but I think TheGiftoftheMagi is the best one. First, let’s looked from the content. the entire article took one pair of poorly love husbands and wives in American presenting the Christmas gift as a middle line, The family housewife in order to save each coin,
O.Henry’s writing styles O.Henry is one of the American famous short-story writers. His novels expose the darkness of capitalism from different angles, describe the difficult life of lower class, praise their sincere friendship, love and desire to blessed life. He always write a comedy ending to express deep social meaning, serious social reality and higher level. Furthermore, it points out the inevitability. As we all know O.Henry’s ending is always unexpected. He will suddenly change the inner world of the figures in an unbelievable way, or reverse the fate of the hero. In most time, it will make people feel in track, but the majority will think it reasonable after a while, such as “The Cop and the Anthem”. In the passage, Souby wanted to be in a prison so he made troubles outside. However, his hopes always were defeated. When Souby was reclaimed by the Anthem and decided to live a new life. Unfortunately, policemen put him into prison on some trumped-up charge. When all people assume he will be safe through life, policemen took him to a court. This is a typical O.Henry’s ending, which puts people into a dark hole with thinking deeply. And yet O.Henry just use this way to reflect the reality of being unable to distinguish the good from the bad. The artistic effects of O.Henry’s ending does not always appear in the end. For example, there are two plots in the “The Cop and the Anthem”. One is that Soupy molested a woman, but in an opposite manner, the woman molested him. The other is that Soupy took away a cus tomer’s illegal umbrella. Both a simple and attractive woman and a well-dressed customer give readers a decent feeling, but in fact, they are not the people what we are thinking. I believer everyone will think it is incredible like me. Only if we think carefully is it normal. After all, those people really exist in our society. Is everyone in upper-class noble, kind and well-behaved? Of course not, someone just put their dirty behaviors under their beautiful mask. In order to express the inner dirtiness, O.Henry had to decorate a lot in the passage. Although what it is isn’t as how it is, in short, it is reasonable. O.Henry’s ending exposed the public morals going from bad to worse of capitalism in the humors.
本页是最新发布的《对欧亨利小说英文版的评价》的详细参考，感觉写的不错，希望对您有帮助，看完如果觉得有帮助请记得（CTRL+D）收藏本页。 作者们的小说一般对我们有很大的影响。但是评价要怎么写呢?下面是为大家带来对欧亨利小说英文版的评价，相信对你会有帮助的。 Reaction to an Article——Short Stories of O.Henry O.Henry is a nice master of short story at the twentieth century in America.His unique sense of humor is full of depression and sad emotions.Due to this kind of bitter laughter,we could feel exaggerated,cynical,witty and humorous when we read them. Throughout O.Henry’s work,the plot develops unexpectedly at the end of the story.When the readers feel dismayed,they actually believe that the author really gives a reasonable end of the story.It’s quite fantastic.Henry is also good at observing things and focus on details,which makes his writing lively.Anyhow,“The Gift of the Magi”and “The Last Leaf”give me an impression mostly. The Gift of the Magi mainly tells the story that the day before Christmas,poor Della want to give her husband Jim a surprise.However,she only had one dollar and eighty-seven cents.She knew that the little money was not enough to buy a nice present.So Della sold her long,beautiful hair which fell about her shoulders “like a cascade of brown waters”.Then,Della looked all over the shop,finally buying a platinum fob chain,which can be matched with Jim's watch.But,Jim wanted to surprise Della as well.He sold his proud gold watch and bought her a set of bs that Della had watched long in a Broadway’s window.After reading this article,it really gives me a big shock.In this story,the main characters all lost their most valuable things ——Jim’s golden watch and Della’s beautiful hair.Behind this,I saw they loved each other deeply.The love in their family letting me feel that cold Christmas Eve has be e the warmest heaven just because of their gifts.It is so selfless that that they can sacrifice their most valuable things in order to give each other the best gift.I learned how to respect others’love and how to love others.With this kind of love,mutual understanding between man and woman could full of trust and affection.I firmly believe that the world will have a better tomorrow as long as our hearts full of love. The story The Last Leaf described a young couple of good friends Sue and Joanna,who “found their tastes in art,chicory salad and bishop sleeves so congenial that they joint studio resulted”.Unfortunately,an unseen stranger,whom the doctors called Pneumonia,spread in the in that city and Joanna got it seriously.One day afternoon,Joanna was desperately looking out of the window and was counting the leaves on the ivy tree.She firmly convinced that she would leave the world after the last leaf fell.She hadn't any passion for the future life.Sue has no other better way but to ask help from Mr.Behrman,an old poor artist who lived on the ground floor beneath
Content Chapter1 Introduction (4) Chapter 2 O. Henry ...s article style--humor (4) 2.1 O. Henry ...s article style .. (4) Chapter3 Unique O-style ending method (5) 3.1 Improbable Coincidence (The Gift of the Magi) (5) Chapter4 The Main Theme of O?Henry?s Works (6) Chapter 5 Conclusion (7) References (8)
A Brief Review on O’Henry’s Works 摘要：欧.亨利，原名威廉.西德尼.波特,20世纪美国著名小说家，美国短篇小说创始人。被誉为世界上三大著名小说巨匠，与法国的莫泊桑，俄国的契诃夫齐名。他少年时曾一心想当画家，婚后在妻子的鼓励下开始写作。后再银行供职时出现账目问题而入狱，在服刑期间认真写作，并以“欧.亨利”为笔名发表了大量短篇小说。他的作品情节细腻。语言诙谐，结局往往出人意料。出人意料但却符合逻辑的故事结尾以及不拘一格文风在作品中最具亮点给读者留下深刻印象。而本论文的主要围绕他的著作，如《麦琪的礼物》，《最后一片叶子》，《警察与赞美诗》，分析其故事结尾与语言风格如何达到预想的效果和如何让作者的思想在作品中得到体现。 关键词：文风，欧.亨利式结尾,人性，社会现实 Abstract:O. Henry, one of the three most famous short-story writers in the world, enjoys equal status with Chekhov and Maupassant. Exquisite plot, wry humor and twist ending dominate his works. Those surprising but logical endings and article?s style are the most brilliant in all of the highlights. This thesis mainly analyses O. Henry?s surprising but logical endings and style of his famous works such as The Gift of the Magi , The Last Leaf an and The Cop and the Anthem.These O. Henry-style endings impress readers ,and at the same time ,help him express his ideas completely and vividly.So this thesis mainly analyses how O.Henry set the plot to achieve the desired ending effect,and how the twist ending help idea-expression. Key Words: artistic styles, O. Henry-style ending, humanity; social reality
欧·亨利 真实姓名：威廉·西德尼·波特(William Sydney Porter) 笔名：欧·亨利(O.Henry) 生卒年代：1862.9.11-1910.6.5 美国著名批判现实主义作家，世界三大短篇小说大师之一。（欧·亨利、莫泊桑、契诃夫）。原名威廉·西德尼·波特（William Sydney Porter），是美国最著名的短篇小说家之一，曾被评论界誉为曼哈顿桂冠散文作家和美国现代短篇小说之父。他出生于美国北卡罗来纳州格林斯波罗镇一个医师家庭。他的一生富于传奇性，当过药房学徒、牧牛人、会计员、土地局办事员、新闻记者、银行出纳员。当银行出纳员时，因银行短缺了一笔现金，为避免审讯，离家流亡中美的洪都拉斯。后因回家探视病危的妻子被捕入狱，并在监狱医务室任药剂师。他创作第一部作品的起因是为了给女儿买圣诞礼物，但基于犯人的身份不敢使用真名，乃用一部法国药典的编者的名字作为笔名。1901年提前获释后，迁居纽约，专门从事写作。欧·亨利善于描写美国社会尤其是纽约百姓的生活。他的作品构思新颖，语言诙谐，结局总使人“感到在情理之中，又在意料之外”；又因描写了众多的人物，富于生活情趣，被誉为“美国生活的幽默百科全书”。代表作有小说集《白菜与国王》、《四百万》、《命运之路》等。其中一些名篇如《爱的牺牲》、《警察与赞美诗》、《麦琪的礼物》、《带家具出租的房间》、《最后一片常春藤叶》等使他获得了世界声誉，短篇小说《麦琪的礼物》以及《二十年后》被编入上海初中八年级语文课本。《最后一片常春藤叶》被编入上海九年级语文课本。
杰克·伦敦 杰克·伦敦(Jack London，1876年1月12日～1916年11月22日), 原名为约翰·格利菲斯·伦敦(John Griffith London)，美国著名的现实主义作家。他一生共创作了约50卷作品，其中最为著名的有《野性的呼唤》《海狼》《白牙》《马丁·伊登》和一系列优秀短篇小说《热爱生命》《老头子同盟》《北方的奥德赛》《马普希的房子》《沉寂的雪原》等。 简介美国小说家，生于旧金山，他来自“占全国人口十分之一的贫困不堪的底层阶级”。大约是个占星术家的私生子，在一个既无固定职业又无固定居所的家庭中长大。是美国著名的现实主义作家。美国传记小说家伊尔文·斯通在他的《马背上的水手》里称他是美国无产阶级文学之父。他的作品不仅在美国本土广泛流传，而且受到世界各国人民的欢迎。他在现代美国文学和世界文学都享有崇高地位。杰克·伦敦24岁开始写作，去世时年仅40岁。十六年中他共写成长篇小说19部，短篇小说150多篇，还写了3个剧本以及相当多的随笔和论文。这些作品共同为我们展示了一个陌生又异常广阔的世界：那荒凉空旷又蕴藏宝藏的阿拉斯加，波涛汹涌岛屿星罗棋布的太平洋，横贯美洲大陆的铁路线，形形色色的鲜活人物，人与自然的严酷搏斗，人与人之间错综复杂的社会关系…… 杰克·伦敦的创作，笔力刚劲，语言质朴，情节富于戏剧性。他常常将笔下人物置于极端严酷，生死攸关的环境之下，以此展露人性中最深刻、最真实的品格。杰克·伦敦赞美勇敢、坚毅和爱这些人类的高贵的品质，他笔下那“严酷的真实”常常使读者受到强烈的心灵震撼。伟大的革命导师列宁在病榻上时，曾特意请人朗读小说，其中就有杰克·伦敦的短篇小说《热爱生命》。列宁给予这部小说很高的评价。
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