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英语翻译技巧:比较结构

英语翻译技巧:比较结构
英语翻译技巧:比较结构

英语翻译技巧:比较结构

关于英语翻译,不同的人有不同的方法,但是在面对同样的题型的时候,你知道该怎样有效的进行下去吗?下面就和大家分享英语翻译技巧:比较结构,希望能够帮助到大家,来欣赏一下吧。

英语翻译技巧:比较结构

从理解与表达的角度来看,比较的形式是次要的,真正重要的是意义上的比较。只要意义上表示比较,就属于比较句式。常见的比较结构的意义很容易理解,所以也比较容易翻译,如:I am taller than he.(我比他高)。因此,这里不再叙述基本比较结构的翻译方法,而主要介绍在意义上容易混淆的比较结构的翻译。

一、as…as…句型

(一)as…as…句型

as…as…句型是同级比较,表示两者比较程度一样。所以在翻译的时候,通常翻译为“…和….一样”。

My parcel is as heavy as yours.

我的包裹和你的包裹一样重。

She is as much interested in music as ever.

她和以前一样对音乐感兴趣。

The economic development in our country is as stable recently as formerly.

近,我国的经济发展和以前一样稳定。

(二)not as (or so)…as…句型

跟as…as…句型相反的结构not as (or so)…as…表示两者的程度不一样,前者不如后者,所以,通常翻译为“…不如…”。

My uncle is not as (or so) tall as your father.

我叔叔不如你父亲高。

People are not so honest as they once were.

人们现在不如过去那样诚实了。

(三)not so much …as…句型

not so much …as…这个结构表示的基本意义和not as (or so)…as…一样,但是通常翻译为“与其说…不如说…”。

He was not so much angry as disappointed.

他与其说是生气,还不如说是失望了。(可以理解为:“他的生气不如失望多”,就是说“他更多的是失望,愤怒是其次。”) The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it.

海洋与其说是把世界分割开来,还不如说是把世界连接在一起。

(四)not so much as…句型

not so much as…这个结构相当于“not even…”,所以通常翻译为“甚至不…,甚至没有…”。请注意与not so much …as…这个结构的区别。

He didn’t so much as ask me to set down.

他甚至没有请我坐下。

He cannot so much as spell a word.

他甚至连一个词也不会写.

He hadn’t so much as his fare home.

他甚至连回家的路费都没有了。

二、比较级+ than to do…句型

由比较级与than to do sth.结合在一起的句型,通常翻译为“不至于做某事”。

You ought to know better than to go swimming on such a cold day.

你不至于这么冷的天气去游泳吧。

I have more sense than to tell him about our plan.

我不至于傻到会把我们的计划告诉他。

I had a better command of English than to make such foolish mistakes.

我的英语学得很好,不至于犯这样愚蠢的错误。

三、more…than…句型

(一)more A than B句型

more A than B通常用于同一个人或者事物在两个不同性质或者特征上面的比较。翻译为“与其说B,不如说A”。类似的结构还有less A than B,翻译为“与其说A,不如说B”,请注意这两个结构中“与其实说”与“不如说”的对象,即A与B两者的在翻译中的位置。

He is more good than bad.

与其说他很坏,不如说他很好。

He is less good than bad.

与其说他很好,不如说他很坏。

He is more a writer than a teacher.

与其说他是老师,不如说他是作家。

(二)more than…句型

在英语中,如果more than…句型后面所跟的词性不相同,意义也不尽相同,所以应该用不同的汉语词来翻译。

1.more than后面接数词,表示“多于…,….以上”的意思。

I have known him for more than twenty years.

我已经认识她二十多年了。

I have more than ten dollars in my pocket.

我口袋里还有十多美元。

2.more than后面接名词或者动词,表示“不只是…”的意思。

He is more than a father to her.

他待她胜过父亲。

He more than smiled, but laughed.

他不只是微笑,而是放生大笑。

3.more than后面接形容词、副词或者分词,表示“极其,非常”的意思。

She was more than kind to us.

他对我们非常友好。

He was more than upset by the accident.

这个意外事故让他非常心烦。

4.more than… can…则表示“难以…,完全不能…”的意思。

That is more than I can understand.

那件事情,我实在是不明白。

The cold was more than the children could bear.

寒冷是孩子们所不能忍受的。

(三)no more …than…句型

no more …than…句型在意义上与not any more than….一样,表示对两者都否定,所以可以翻译为“…和….一样不,不…正如…,既不…也不…,…和…两者都不”。跟no more …than…句型相近,但是意义相反的句型是no less…than…,可以翻译为“既是…,也是…,两者都是…”。

His grammar is no better than mine.

他的语法同我的一样不好。

He is no more a writer than a painter.

他既不是画家也不是作家。

He is no less a writer than a painter.

他既是画家也是作家。

I am no more a poet than he is a scholar.

我不是诗人,正如他不是学者一样。

2020年翻译资格考试笔译三级练习题

Are you interested in seeing the beautiful fall foliage of New England but tired of traffic jams and overbooked hotels? Then this year forget the crowds in New England and see the beautiful colors of autumn in the Catskills.

These rugged mountains in New York State, just 90 miles northwest of New York City, are famous for the legendary tales of Rip Van Winkle, and more recently for the summer hotels that sprang up in the region during the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s. Families trying to escape the heat of New York City found the Catskills to be the perfect place to stay for a month or so each summer. By the late 1950s there were over 500 resorts and hotels

offering nighttime entertainment as well as all kinds of outdoor activities. Famous comedians like Jackie Gleason, Joan Rivers, and Sid Caesar all got their start touring the hotel clubs here. Since the introduction of air-conditioning and cheaper air travel, however, families have stopped coming to the Catskills in such large numbers, choosing instead more distant locations at different times of the year. Many of the Catskills hotels closed in the 1970s, but some remain and have expanded and changed their facilities to meet the needs of today’s visitors.

Currently, there are many activities available to the traveler besides witnessing the changing colors of the leaves. There is an

all-organic sheep farm where visitors can see how a traditional sheep farm operates. There are also hundreds of miles of scenic drives in the area. Route 42, for instance, is an excellent site for spotting bald eagles. For more information on vacations in the Catskills, call the Office of Public Information.

61. The author’s main purpose is to ________.

A. promote the Catskills as a vacation destination

B. introduce visitors to famous Catskills entertainers

C. describe the history of the Catskills region

D. compare the Catskills to New England

62. The word “rugged” underlined in Paragraph 2 means

________.

A. barren

B. rough

C. tall

D. lush

63. According to the passage, the decline in the number of resorts in the 1970s was caused by ________.

A. television

B. shorter vacations

C. affordable air travel

D. more traffic

64. The phrase “sprang up” underlined in Paragraph 2 refers to something that has ________.

A. burst forth

B. spread out

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