美国文学一期末复习资料
I. Each of the following statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.
1. For Melville, as well as for the reader and _________, the narrator, Moby Dick is still a mystery, an ultimate mystery of the universe.
A. Ahab
B. Ishmael
C. Stubb
D. Starbuck
8. Stylistically, Henry James? fiction is characterized by____________.
A. short, clear sentences
B. abundance of local images
C. ordinary American speech
D. highly refined language
9. One of the characteristics that have made Mark Twain a major literary figure in the 19th century America is his use of____________ .
A. vernacular
B. interior monologue
C. point of view
D. photographic description
10. It is on his____________ that Washington Irving?s fame mainly rested.
A. childhood recollections
B. sketches about his European tours
C. early poetry
D. tales about America
11. At the middle of 19th century, America witnessed a cultural flowering which is called “____________________”.
A. the English Renaissance
B. the Second Renaissance
C. the American Renaissance
D. the Salem Renaissance
12. As a philosophical and literary movement, the main issues involved in the debate of Transcendentalism are generally concerning ____________________.
A. nature, man and the universe
B. the relationship between man and woman
C. the development of Romanticism in American literature
D. the cold, rigid rationalism of Unitarianism
13. About the novel The Scarlet Letter, which of the following statements is NOT right?
A. It?s very hard to say that it is a love story or a story of sin.
B. It?s a highly symbolic story and the author is a master of symbolism.
C. It?s mainly about the moral, emotional and psychological effects of the sin
upon the main characters and the people in general.
D. In it the letter A takes the same symbolic meaning throughout the novel.
14. The great sea adventure story Moby-Dick is usually considered____________.
A. a symbolic voyage of the mind in quest of the truth and knowledge of the universe.
B. an adventurous exploration into man?s relationship with nature
C. a simple whaling tale or sea adventure
D. a symbolic voyage of the mind in quest of the artistic truth and beauty
15. In his poems, Walt Whitman is innovative in the terms of the form of his poetry, which is called “____________________.”
A. free verse
B. blank verse
C. alliteration
D. end rhyming
16. After the Civil War America was transformed from ______ to _________.
A. an agrarian community …an industrialized and commercialized society
B. an agrarian community … a society of freedom and equality
C. a poor and backward society …an industrialized and commercialized society
D. an industrialized and commercialized society …a highly developed society
18. Which of the following is not right about Mark Twain?s style of language?
A. His sentence structures are long, ungrammatical and difficult to read.
B. His words are colloquial, concrete and direct in effect.
C. His humor is remarkable and characterized by puns, straight-faced
exaggeration，repetition and anti-climax.
D. His style of language had exerted rather deep influence on the contemporary writers.
20. Which of the following is not written by Henry James?
A. The Portrait of A Lady and The Europeans.
B. The Wings of the Dove and The Ambassadors.
C. What Maisie Knows and The Bostonians.
D.The Genius and The Gilded Age.
21. More than five hundred poems Dickinson wrote are about nature, in which her
general Skepticism about the relationship between ______ is well-expressed.
A. man and man
B. men and women
C. man and nature
D. men and God
22. Which of the following is right about Emily Dickinson?s poems about nature?
A. In them, she expressed her general affirmation about the relationship between
man and nature.
B. Some of them showed her disbelief that there existed a mythical bond
between man and nature.
C. Her poems reflected her feeling that nature is restorative to human beings.
D. Many of them showed her feeling of nature?s inscrutability and indifference to
the life and interests of human beings.
23. As a great innovator in American literature, Walt Whitman wrote his poetry in an
unconventional style which is now called free verse, that is _________.
A. lyrical poetry with chanting refrains
B. poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme
C. poetry without rhymes at the end of the lines but with a fixed beat
D. poetry in an irregular metric form and expressing noble feelings
37. Which of the following is not a work of Nathaniel Hawthorne?s?
A. The House of the Seven Gables.
B. The Blithedale Romance.
C. The Marble Faun.
D.White Jacket.
38. In Hawthorne?s novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear as ______________.
A. commentators
B. observers
C. villains
D. saviors
39. Besides sketches, tales and essays, Washington Irving also published a book on ______, which is also considered an important part of his creative writing.
A. poetic theory
B. French art
C. history of New York
D. life of George Washington
41. In American literature, escaping from the society and returning to nature is a common subject. The following titles are all related, in one way or another, to the subject except _________.
A. Mark Twain?s The Adventures of Hu ckleberry Finn
B. Dreiser?s Sister Carrie
C. Copper?s Leather-Stocking Tales
D. Thoreau?s Walden
43. Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects of life. Which of the following is not a usual subject of her poetic expression?
A. Religion.
B. Life and death.
C. Love and marriage.
D. War and peace.
44. In 1837, Ralph Waldo Emerson made a speech entitled _______ at Harvard, which was hailed by Oliver Wendell Holmes as "Our intellectual Declaration of Independence."
A. "Nature"
B. "Self-Reliance"
C. "Divinity School Address"
D. "The American Scholar"
46. In American literature the first important writer who earned an international fame
on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean is_______________.
A. Washington Irving
B. Ralph Waldo Emerson
C. Nathaniel Hawthorne
D. Walt Whitman
47. The American novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne is known for his“black vision．”The
Term “black vision” refers to______________.
A. Hawthorne's observation that every man faces a black Wall
B. Hawthorne's belief that all men are by nature evil
C. that Hawthorne employed a dream vision to tell his story
D. that Puritans of Hawthorne's time usually wore black clothes
52. Though Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson were romantic poets in theme and
technique, they differ from each other in a variety of ways. For one thing, whereas
Whitman likes to keep his eye on human Society at large, Dickinson often
addresses such issues as_______, immortality, religion, love and nature.
A. progress
B. freedom
C. beauty
D. death
53. The Romantic writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the_______
in the American literary history．
A. individual feeling
B. survival of the fittest
C. strong imagination
D. return to nature
55. With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the literary scene, ______became
the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th
century．
A. Sentimentalism
B. Romanticism
C. Realism
D. Naturalism
57. Hester Prynne, Dimmesdale, Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely Characters in_______.
A. The House of the Seven Gables
B. The Scarlet Letter
C. The Portrait of a Lady
D. The pioneers
58. In his realistic fiction, Henry James's primary concern is to present the_________.
A. inner life of human beings
B. American Civil War and its effects
C. life on the Mississippi River
D. Calvinistic view of original Sin
60. Which of the following is NOT the virtue that Franklin enumerated in his The Autobiography?
A. Temperance
B. Humanity (Humility)
C. Frugality
D. Immoderation
61. American Romanticism stretches from the end of the ________ century through the outbreak of ______.
A. 18th, the Civil War
B. 18th, the War of Independence
C. 19th, WWI
D. 19th, WWII
62. _________ believes that the chief a im of literary creation is beauty, and “the death of a beautiful woman is, unquestionably, the most poetical topic in the world.”A. Walt Whitman B. Edgar Allen Poe
C. Anne Bradstreet
D. Ralph Waldo Emerson
63. In Emily Dickinson?s Because I Could Not Stop for Death, ______________.
A. death is personified as a devil
B. death is described as the tragic end of a person?s life
C. death is a stage of life and it leads people to the Heaven of immortality
D. death is described as a beaut iful girl who couldn?t find her final destination
64. Which is generally regarded as the manifesto and the Bible of American Transcendentalism?
A. Thoreau?s Walden
B.Emerson?s Nature
C. Poe?s Poetic Principle
D. Tho reau?s Nature
65. Henry David Thoreau?s work, ________, has always been regarded as a
masterpiece of the New England Transcendental Movement.
A. Walden
B. The Pioneers
C. Nature
D. "Song of Myself"
66. …Leaves of Grass? commands great attention because of its uniquely poetic
embodiment of________, which are written in the founding documents of both the Revolutionary War and the American Civil War.
A. the democratic ideals
B. the romantic ideals
C. the self-reliance spirits
D. the religious ideals
67. ________is the author of the work “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”.
A. Washington Irving
B. James Joyce
C. Walt Whitman
D. William Butler Yeats
68. After "The Adventure of Tom Sawyer", Twain gives a literary independence to
Tom?s buddy Huck in a book called_________, and the book from which "all modern American literature comes".
A. Life on the Mississippi River
B. The Gilded Age
C. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
D. The Sun Also Rises
69. The greatest work written by Theodore Dreiser is__________.
A. Sister Carrie
B. An American Tragedy
C. The Financier
D. The Titan
70. We can perhaps summarize that Walt Whitman?s poems are characterized by all the following features except that they are _______________.
A. conversational and crude
B. lyrical and well-structured
C. simple and rather crude
D. free-flowing
72. Mark Twain, one of the greatest 19th century American writers, is well known for his ____.
A. international theme
B. waste-land imagery
C. local color
D. symbolism
74. Most of Herman Melville?s novels are based on sea voyag es and sea adventures. Which of the following is not the case?
A. Typee.
B. Moby-Dick.
C. Omoo.
D. The Confidence-Man
75. In Henry James? Daisy Miller, the author tries to portray the young woman as an embodiment of _______________.
A. the force of convention
B. the free spirit of the New World
C. the decline of aristocracy
D. the corruption of the newly rich
77. The Transcendentalists believe that, first, nature is ennobling, and second, the individual is ____________.
A. insignificant
B. vicious by nature
C. divine
D. forward-looking
78. The Publication of ______established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of New England Transcendentalism.
A. Nature
B. Self-Reliance
C. The American Scholar
D. The Over-Soul
Explain the following literary terms.
2. American Transcendentalism
New England Transcendentalism was, in essence, romantic idealism on Puritan soil. It was a system of thought that originated from three sources. First William Ellery Channing (1780---1842) was an American Unitarian clergyman. His Unitarianism represented a thoughtful revolt against orthodox Puritanism. Unitarianism believed God as one being, rejecting the doctrine of trinity, stressing the tolerance of difference in religious opinion, and giving each congregation the free control of its own affairs and its independent authority. It laid the foundation for the central doctrines of transcendentalism. Secondly, the idealistic philosophy from France and Germany exerted enormous impact on American intellectuals. Thirdly, oriental mysticism as
revealed in Hindu and Chinese classics reached America in English translations. As a result, New England Transcendentalism blended native American tradition with foreign influences.
3. American Realism Realism is the theory of writing in which familiar aspects of contemporary life and everyday scenes are represented in a straightforward or matter-of-fact manner. This is the theory that authors try to use and guide them in their writing. It stresses truthful treatment of material. It is anti-romantic, anti-sentimental, and without abstract interest in nature, death, etc. Mark Twain laughed at people who were caught up in the world of illusions, who were not mature enough to see real situations. This is one example of the truthful treatment of material.
4. American Romanticism
Romanticism was a rebellion against the objectivity of rationalism. It was a movement of conscious rebellion against being too objective. The romantic spirit was one of subjectivity of inward feelings that one could trust one?s subjective responses. Romantics placed a high premium upon the creative function of imagination, and saw art as a formulation of intuitive and imaginative perceptions that tend to speak a nobler truth than that of fact.
5. Multiple points of view The employment of several narrators or narrative points of views to tell a story, thus making the structure of the book somewhat radioactive. For example, The Sound and the Fury uses four different narrative voices to piece together the story and thus challenges the reader by presenting a fragmented plot told from multiple points of view.
Answer briefly
4. Please give a brief analysis of the major features of American romanticism.
5. Give a brief analysis of the differences between the three realists：William D. Howells，Mark Twain and Henry James
7. Whitman has made radical Changes in the form of poetry by Choosing free verse as
his medium of expression．What are the characteristics of Whitman's free verse?
9. What are the major features of New England Transcendentalism?
10. What are the similarities and differences between Whitman and Dickinson?s poetry?
11. What are th e writing features of Mark Twain?s literary creation?
12. Who is the first American poet to write free verse? What is his masterpiece? What are the symbolic meanings of the title of this work?
Topic Discussion
1. What makes Mark Twain?s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn more than a child?s adventure story? Briefly discuss the question from THREE of the following
aspects: the setting, the language, the character(s), the theme and the style.
2. Take Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn as an example to illustrate
the statement that Mark Twain was a unique writer in American literature．
6. O Captain! My Captain! Our fearful trip is done,
The ship has weathered every rack, the prize we sought is won
The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,
While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring;
But O heart! heart! heart!
Where on the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.
1) Who is the writer of this poem?
2) Who is “Captain” the poet compares to, and what do the “fearful trip” and the “prize” respectively refer to?
3) What are major rhetorical devices used in this stanza?
2. Take examples to analyze the style and theme of Mark Twain.
9. Reality reflected in realistic writings （现实主义的简要背景，现实主义文学的特点，举例说明）
Realism came as a reaction against …the lie? of romanticism and sentimentalism. The battle between …idealists? and …realists? provided the major issue of American literary history after the Civil war (1861-1865). Literature began to pay less attention to general ideas and more to the immediate facts of life. As a way of writing, realism has been applied in almost every literature throughout history. But as a literary movement, realism is a period concept and it refers to the approach of realist fiction occurred at the latter part of the 19th century.
In part, the rise of realism came as a protest against the falseness and sentimentality seen in romantic literature. The realists were determined to create a new kind of literature that was completely and totally realistic.
Major Features
1Realism is the theory of writing in which familiar aspects of contemporary life and everyday scenes are represented in a straightforward or matter-of-fact manner.
This is the theory that authors try to use in their writing. It stresses truthful treatment of material. It is anti-romantic, anti-sentimental, and without abstract interest in nature, death, etc.
2In realist fiction characters from all social levels are examined in depth. The realist writers hold on to characters and keep examining how these people relate
to each other.
3Open ending is also a good example of the truthful treatment of material.
4Realism focuses on commonness of the lives of the common people who are customarily ignored by the arts. Realists are interested in commonplace, the everyday, the average, the trivial, and the representative.
5Realism emphasizes objectivity and offers an objective rather than an idealistic view of human nature and human experience. The realist writers are detached observers of life. They are like scientists, making an investigation.
Realism presents moral visions. The author has a purpose for presenting an objective account of real life in order to express his moral sense. Realists are ethical writers, interested in the problems of the individual conscience in conflict with social institutions. Many of their works show the American businessman in the conflict over whether he should accept a bribe, give a bribe, participate in unfair business practices, etc. Generally, these writers show how the individual conscience wins when he opposes social conventions and social practices and they are always interested in focusing on the dilemma. This indicates their disbelief in romantic individualism.
6. The influence of Transcendentalism（定义1分，社会意义1分，文学意义2分，代表人物1分）
Transcendentalism can be best understood as a late and localized manifestation of romantic movement in literature and philosophy. The triumph of intuition over five senses, the elevation of the individual over society, the critical attitude toward formalized religion, the rejection of any kind of restraint or bondage to custom, the new and thrilling delight in nature --- all these were characteristics of transcendentalism.
As formulated by Emerson, transcendentalism became a loud and clear call to action, urging young people to cast off their enslavement to the past, to follow God within, and to live every moment of life with great effort, to regard nature as the great objective lesson proving God?s presence everywhere in His creation.
Transcendentalism was also an ethical and moral guide to life for a young nation of America. It preached the positive life and appealed to the best side of human nature. Therefore, it stressed the tolerance of difference in religious opinion and the free control of its own affairs by each congregation, and called to throw off shackles of custom and tradition, and to go forward to the development of a new and distinctly American culture.
Transcendentalism is important to American literature at least for two reasons:
1)It is represented by two major writers of the country, Emerson and Thoreau. They
became movers and shakers whose writings have had more and more impact with the passage of time.
A new group of writers under the influence of Emerson and Thoreau began to apply transcendental ideas in their works. Hawthorne, Melville, Lowell, Dickinson, and Whitman were all exponents of transcendentalism in one way or another. They created
one of the most prolific periods in the history of American literature.
Topic Discussion:
50. Mark Twain presented the 19th century America in his own unique way. Discuss Twain?s art of fiction: the setting, the language, and the characters, etc., based on his novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
Answers:
A. Mark Twain uses the Mississippi alley as his fictional kingdom, writing about the landscape and people, the customs and the dialects of one particular region, and is therefore known as a local colorist.
B. He creates life-like characters, especially the unconventional Huckleberry Finn, who runs away from civilization and stands opposite to conventional village morality.
C. He uses a simple, direct vernacular language, totally different from any precious literary language. It is the kind of colloquial belonging to the lower class, the living local American English.
D. He has created a special humor to satirize and the decayed convention.
III. Terms (10 points, 2.5 points for each)
1. Puritanism
2. Blank Verse
3. The Legend of Sleepy Hollow
4. Moby Dick
IV. Comment. (30 points, 15 points for each)
1. Comment on Benjamin Franklin?s Autobiography.
2. What are the artistic achievements of Edgar Allan Poe?
3. Comment on Hawthorne’s "black" vision of life and human beings and its influence on his works.
4. Comment on Whitman?s poetic style and language.
5. What are the features of literature in Colonial America?
6. What philosophical meaning is implied in Philip Freneau?s “The Wild Honey Suckle”?
I. True or false questions: ( 20points, 1point for each)
Directions: Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write A for true ones and B for false ones on your answer sheet.
( ) 1.The Calvinist doctrine of "original sin" exerted great influence up Hawthorne.
( ) 2.To Hawthorne, sin will get punished,one way or another.
( ) 3.Emily Dickinson didn't like using capital letters where small ones are needed.
( ) 4.Walt Whitman used parallelism and refrain in his poems.
( ) 5.Walt Whitman was regarded as the Zenith in American romantic poetry.
( ) 6.Dickinson was original. She never imitated others.
( )7.Allan Poe was regarded as the forerunner of American Imagism.
( ) 8.Allan Poe defined poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty.
( ) 9.O.Henry seldom wrote about poor people.
( )10.According to Poe, art serves for pleasure.The chief aim of poetry is beauty, namely, to produce a feeling of beauty in the reader.
( )11.According to Dickinson,death means immortality.
( )12.According to Henry James,the aim of the novel is to reflect life reality.
( )13.James wrote mostly of the upper reaches of American society,and Howells concerned himself chiefly with middle class life,whereas Twain dealt largely with the lower strata of society.
( )14.Allan Poe advocated "pure" poetry.
( )15.Mark Twain's contribution to the development of realism and to American literature as a whole was partly through his theories of localism in American fiction, and partly through his themes.
( )16.Henry James adopted a new point of view in one of his novels.
( )17.Henry James discovered the trick of making his characters reveal themselves with minimal intervention of the author.
( )18.N.Hawthorne was a symbolic writer in some sense.
( )19.Whitman's poetry suggests rather than tells.
( )20. President Lincoln praised Anne Bradstreet as “the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war.”
Identification (16 points, 2point for each)
Directions: Write the names of the novels or poems according to the given passage. ( ) 1. The carriage held but just Ourselves
And Immortality
( ) 3. " I will go home with you," said Mr. Dimmesdale ( ) 4. My Captain doesn't answer, his lips are pale and still.
My father doesn't feel my arm, he has no pulse and will.
( ) 5. Helen, thy beauty is to me
Like those Nicean barks of yore
( ) 6. I Loaf and invite my soul
I Lean and loaf at my ease observing a spear of summer grass.
( ) 7. But, on one side of the portal, and rooted almost at the threshold, was a wild rosebush, covered in this month of June, with its delicate gems, which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and frail beauty to the prisoner as he went in...
( ) 8. Were I with thee
Wild Nights should be Our luxury!
Appreciation (10points)
Directions: In this part of the test, there are two excerpts. Each of the excerpts is followed by several questions. Read the excerpts and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.
Part A
I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practice resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God.
Questions:
1. This passage is taken from a famous work entitled _________ . (1 points )
2. The author of the work is____________ . (1 points )
3. List by yourself at least five reasons that the author gives for going to live in the woods. (4 points )
Part B
It was many and many a year ago,
In a kingdom by the sea,
That a maiden there lived whom you may know.
By the name of Annabel Lee; —
And this maiden she lived with no other thought
Than to love and be loved by me.
Questions:
1. The stanza is taken from the poem________________?(1 points )
2. The author of the poem is____________ . (1 points )
3. What is the most obvious rhetorical device the author uses for effect? (2 points )
云南师范大学美国文学期末考试试卷模拟试题四 学院:外语学院专业:英语年级：________ 班次: 学号：姓名： 考试方式(闭卷)：考试时量：150 分钟试卷编号( 卷) I. ( ) 1. Modern poetry is “the poem of the mind in the act of finding / What will suffice.” This is the opinion of Walt Whitman. ( ) 2. Robert Frost experimented with form, as many poets did in the 1920s. ( ) 3. Emperor Jones represents one of O’Neil’s attempts to place plot elements and themes of Greek tragedy in a rural New England setting. ( ) 4. “Looking for Mr. Green” is a story of Mosby’s Memories and other Stories. ( ) 5. Bellow will be remembered for the biting social criticism of his novels, and of course, for his riotous sense of humor. ( ) 6. Hester’s letter “A” eventually come s to represent “Angel” and “Able” to the townspeople. ( ) 7. Poe stresses rhythm, defines true poetry as “the rhythmical creation of beauty,” and declares that “music is the perfection of the soul, or idea, of poetry.” ( ) 8.All three parts of Franklin's autobiography were published and released together in English for the first time in 1868. ( ) 9. New England Transcendentalism was important to American literature. It inspired a whole new generation of famous authors such as Thoreau, Melville, Whitman, and Dickinson. ( ) 10. The setting of “Looking for Mr. Green” is Depression Columbus. ( ) 11. There are four survivors in The Open Boat: the captain, the oiler, the cook and the correspondent. ( ) 12. In The Jilting of Granny Weatherall, Porter narrated the story sometimes in chronological order and sometimes in flashback, and the chronological time is more important than the psychological time. ( ) 13. Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby is set in The Roaring Twenties. ( ) 14. William Faulkner was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1949 and the Pulitzer Prize in 1954 and 1962. ( ) 15. The point of view in Barn Burning is the third person narration and the narrator is omniscient.
第17单元20世纪美国诗人（1） I.Fill in the blanks. 1.Author_____Title_____（南京大学2007研） The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet,black bough. 【答案】Author:Ezra Pound；Title:“In a Station of the Metro” 【解析】题目节选自庞德的《在一个地铁车站》，该诗是以一个意象作为叙述语言的典型范例。 2.Ezra Pound’s lifelong endeavor had been devoted to the writing of_____,which contains_____poems.（国际关系学院2007研） 【答案】The Cantos;117 【解析】庞德把毕生精力都投入到写作《诗章》当中，《诗章》共包括117首诗。 3.Pound was the leader of a new movement in poetry which he called the“_____”movement. 【答案】imagism 【解析】庞德是意象主义运动的领军人物。 4._____was successful in two fields of activity which did not seem compatible with
one another:he was a very successful businessman and a very remarkable contemporary poet at the same time.（人大2006研） 【答案】Wallace Stevens 【解析】华莱士·史蒂文斯(Wallace Stevens)是美国20世纪的著名诗人。他集企业家和诗人于一身。 5.Winner of the National Book Award in1950and the Pulitzer Prize in1963,______ is the author of the five-volume epic Paterson which is a lucid statement of the author’s aesthetics. 【答案】William Carlos Williams 【解析】威廉·卡洛斯·威廉斯的代表作是《佩特森》，它清晰地表达了诗人的美学观点。 6.At the age of44,Wallace Stevens was finally persuaded to publish a book of poems,entitled_____. 【答案】Harmonium 【解析】1923年，44岁的华莱士-史蒂文斯出版了他的第一部诗集《风琴》（Harmonium）。 7.After his death,Wallace Stevens’s previously uncollected works appeared under the title_____. 【答案】Opus Posthumous 【解析】华莱士·史蒂文斯死后，其之前未收集的诗作集合成册于1957年发表，名为《遗作》(Opus Posthumous)。
美国文学试题库 注：试题库内容仅作为学习参考使用，并不代表考试内容。任何一道题均可能变化为其它形式的试题。 1. Naturalism is evolved from realism when the author’s tone in writing becomes less serious and less sympathetic but more ironic and more_____________. A. rational B. humorous C. optimistic D. pessimistic 2.The impact of Darwin’s evolutionary theory on the American thought and the influence of the nineteenth-century French literature on the American men of letters gave rise to yet another school of realism: American___________ . A. local colorism B. vernacularism C. modernism D. naturalism 3. ____________were idealists, believing the church should be restored to complete “purity” and dreaming that they would build the new land to an Eden on earth. A. Calvinists B. Puritans C. Romanticists D. Transcendentalists 4. All of the following are the features of Puritans EXCEPT _____. A. wanting to make pure their religious beliefs and practices
美国文学期末复习题 2013-2014-1 美国文学史及选读期末复习材料 I Multiple choices 1. Which is not connected with Thomas Paine? A. Common Sense B. The American Crisis C. The Rights of Man D. The Autobiography 2. “These are the times that try men's souls”, these words were once read to Washington's troops and did much to spur excitement to further action with hope and confidence. Who is the author of these words? A.Benjamin Franklin B.
Thomas Paine C. Thomas Jefferson D. George Washington 3. At the Reason and Revolution Period, Americans were influenced by the European movement called the A. Chartist Movement B. Romanticist Movement C. Enlightenment Movement Modernist Movement D. 4. In American literature, the Enlighteners were favorable to . A. the colonial order B. religious obscurantism C. the Puritan tradition D. the secular literature 5. The English colonies in North America rose in arms against their parent country and the Continental Congress adopted _____________ in 177 6. A. Declaration of Independence B. the Sugar Act C. the Stamp Act D. the Mayflower Compact 6. ____ usually was regarded as the first American
美国文学（本科）试题5 I. Complete each of the following statements with proper words or phrases and put your answers on the Answer Sheet. (20%, 1 point for each) 1. The first permanent English settlement in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in . 2. became the first American writer. 3. Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety were the values that dominated much of the early American writing. 4. In American literature, the 18th century was an age of and Revolution. 5. Franklin’s best writing is found in his masterpiece . 6. On January 10, 1776, Thomas Paine’s famous pamphlet appeared. 7. The signing of symbolized the birth of an independent American nation. 8. The most outstanding poet in America of the 18th century was . 9. Washington Irving’s became the first work by an American writer to win international fame. 10. is the summit of American Romanticism. 11. With the publication of Emerson’s in 1836,American Romanticism reached its summit. 12. Hester Prynne is the heroine in Hawthorne’s novel . 13.Henry James’ major fictional theme is . 14. brought the Romantic period to an end. So the age of Realism came into existence. 15. The Poetic style invented by Whitman is now called . 16. “Because I could not stop for Death---” is written by . 17. The term The Gilded Age is given by to describe the post-civil war years. 18. Theodore Dreiser’s first novel is . 19. The leader of the literary movement Imagism is . 20. is the spokesman for Lost Generation. II. Each of the following statements below is followed by four alternative answers or completions. Choose the one that is the best in each case and put your answers on the Answer Sheet. (30%, 1 point for each) 1. The first American writer of local color to achieve wide popularity was . A. Bret Harte B. Mark Twain C. Henry James D. William Dean Howells 2. Which of the following is the masterpiece of Mark Twain? A. The Gilded Age B. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer C. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn D. Jumping Frog 3. Which writer has no naturalist tendency? A. Mark Twain B. Jack London C. Theodore Dreiser D. Frank Norris 4. Transcendentalist doctrines found their greatest literary advocates in and Thoreau. A. Jefferson B. Emerson C. Freneau D. Oversoul 5. Which of the following doesn’t belong to Dreiser’s “Trilogy of Desire”? A. The Financier B. The Titan C. The Stoic D. An American Tragedy
美国文学选读第三版课后习题答案洁(部分) Unit 1 Benjamin Franklin Questions 1.Why did Franklin write his Autobiography? Franklin says that because his son may wish to know about his life, he is taking his one week vacation in the English countryside to record his past. He also says that he has enjoyed his life and would like to repeat it 2.What made Franklin decide to leave the brother to whom he had been apprenticed? His brother was passionate, and had often beaten him. The aversion to arbitrary power that has stuck to him through his whole life .After a brush with the law, Franklin left his brother. 3.How did he arrive in Philadephia? First he set out in a boat for Amboy, the boat dropped him off about 50 miles from Burlington, the next day he reached Burlington on foot, in Burlington he found a boat which was going towards Philadelphia, he arrived there about eight
1.Captain John Smith became the first American writer. 2.The puritans looked upon themselves as a chosen people. is an annual collection of proverbs written by Benjamin Franklin. 4.Thomas Paine’s famous pamphlet Common Sense boldly advocated a “Declaration for Independence”. 5.Thomas Jefferson drafted the Declaration of Independence with John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston.
has been called the “Father of American Poetry”. 7.In Washington I rving’s appeared the first modern short stories and the first great American juvenile literature. 8.Cooper’s enduring fame rests on his William Cullen Bryant’s wok. is considered “father of American detective stories and American gothic stories”. 10.Emerson believed above all in
美国文学期末考试试卷模拟试题一 I. Fill in the following blanks and put your answers on the Answer Sheet. (15%, 1 point for each) 1.The publication of ______ established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of New England Transcendentalism. 2.Hard work, thrift, ______ and sobriety were the Puritan values that dominated much of the earliest American writing. 3.At 87, ______ read his poetry at the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy. 4.Jack London’s masterwork _________ is somewhat autobi ographical. 5.______, the tragic hero of Moby Dick, burning with a baleful fire, becomes evil himself in his thirst to destroy evil. 6.Ezra Pound was the leader of a new movement in poetry which he called the “________” movement. 7.“The Custom House” is an introductory note to the novel _______. 8.Among the works attacking the “American Dream”, __________by Fitzgerald is a powerful piece. 9.Walt Whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry. His innovation first of all lies in his use of ________, poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme. 10.In 1954, _______ won the Nobel Prize for Literature for his “mastery of the art of modern narration”. 11.In American literary history, ________ is called “the Recluse of Amherst” since she isolated herself from the outside almost for life. 12.“The Fall of the House of Usher” is a short story written by _______. 13._______ launched two kinds of immensely popular stories: the sea adventure and the frontier saga, represented by The Leatherstocking Tales. 14.The publication of T. S. Eliot’s ________ in 1922, the most significant American poem of the 20th century, helped to establish a modern tradition of literature rich with learning and allusive thought. 15.“The Cop and the Anthem” is a short story written by ______. II. Each of the following statements is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. Then put your answers on the Answer Sheet. (20%, 1 point for each) 1.For Melville, as well as for the reader and _____, the narrator, Moby Dick is still a mystery, an ultimately mystery of the universe. A. Stubb B. Ishmael C. Ahab D. Starbuck 2.Most of the p oems in Whitman’s Leaves of Grass sing of the “en-mass” and the ____ as well. A. nature B. self-reliance C. self D. life 3.Which of the following is Not one of the main ideas advocated by Ralph Emerson? A. Importance of the Individual B. Faith in Christianity C. The Over-Soul D. Self-Reliance 4.In Hawthorne’s novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear as _____. A. saviors B. villains C. commentators D. observers 5.In American literature, escaping from the society and returning to nature is a common subject. The following titles are all related, in one way or another, to the subject except _____. A.Dreiser’s Sister Carrier B.Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn C.Cooper’s Leatherstocking Tales D.Thoreau’s Walden 6.Which of the following is Not optimistic about human nature? . A. Ralph Emerson B. Walt Whitman C. Nathaniel Hawthorne D. Henry Thoreau
美国文学复习题(有答案版)
美国文学复习提纲 第一部分连线题（1*10=10’） 1. Thomas Jefferson The Declaration of Independence 2. Walt Whitman O’ Captain, My Captain 3. Mark Twain Jumping Frog 4. Robert Frost Mending Wall 5. Ezra Pound In a Station of the Metro 6. Carl Sandburg Chicago 7. Saul Bellow The Adventure of Augie March 8. Ernest Hemingway Men without Women 9. John Steinbeck The Grape of Wrath 10. Jack London The Call of the Wild 11. Sinclair Lewis Babbit 12. Flannery O’ Connor A Good Man Is Hard to Find 13. O. Henry The Last Leaf 14. Jerome David Salinger The Catcher in the Rye 15. William Falkner The Sound and the Fury 第二部分单项选择(1.5*20=30’) 1. Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. Her poems made such a stir in England that she became known as the “________” who appeared in America. A. Tenth Muse B. Ninth Muse C. Best Muse D. First Muse 2. In American literature, the 18th century was the age of the Enlightenment. ________ was the dominant spirit. A. Humanism B. Rationalism C. Revolution D. Evolution 3. Which of the following stirred the world and helped form the American republic? A. The American Crisis B. The Federalist C. Declaration of Independence D. The Age of Reason 4. At the Reason and Revolution Period, Americans were influenced by the European movement called the ________. A. Chartist Movement B. Romanticist Movement C. Enlightenment Movement D. Modernist Movement 5. Thoreau was often alone in the woods or by the pond, lost in spiritual communication with ________. A. nature B. transcendentalist ideas C. human beings D. celestial beings 6. ________tells a simple but very moving story in which four people living in a puritan community are involved in and affected by the sin of adultery in different ways. A. Twice-Told Tales B. The Scarlet Letter C. The House of the Seven Gables D. The Marble Faun
《美国文学》期末考试试卷（B卷） 1.Poor Richard’s Almanac ( ) 2.The House of the Seven Gables ( ) 3.“Raven”( ) 4.My Antonia ( ) 5.Babbitt ( ) 6.A Streetcar Named Desire ( ) 7.Maggie: A Girl of the Streets ( ) 8.A Farewell to Arms ( ) 9.The Call of the Wild ( ) 10.Long Day's Journey into Night ( ) https://www.doczj.com/doc/e928416.html,mon Sense ( ) 12. “Rip Van Winkle”( ) 13. Walden( ) 14. The Song of Hiawatha( ) 15. Uncle Tom’s Cabin( ) 16.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn( ) 17.Sister Carrie( ) 18.The Waste Land( ) 19. A Farewell to Arms( ) 20.The Great Gatsby( ) 1.defined poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty. 2.While working for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, Samuel Langhorne Clemens adopted the pseudonym , the way of a boatman taking soundings, and meaning two fathoms. 3.Ezra Pound initiated a campaign for , which emphasized the direct treatment of an object or situation. He also advocated the language of common speech, but always the exact word. 4.Fitzgerald summarized the experiences and attitudes of the 1920s decade in his masterpiece novel _________. 5.is the first American to win the Nobel Prize for Literature for his vigorous and graphic art of description and his ability to create, with wit and humor, new types of characters. 6.The first of American literature was not written by an American, but by ___________________, a British captain, who thus became the first American writer. 7._________________ has been considered the “Father of modern American Poetry.\
1._ ___ had been an evident influence on Naturalism. It seemed to stress the animal impulse of man, to suggest that man was dominated by the irresistible forces of evolution. A. Unitarianism B. Origins of Species C. Puritanism and Influence D. Capitalist Economy 2.Who is called “the true father of our national literature” by the writer H. L. Mencken? A. Benjamin Franklin B. Mart Twain C. Hemingway D. William Faulkner 3.In the first part of the 20th century, apart from Darwinism, which was still a big influence upon the writers of this period, there were two thinkers _____ whose ideas had the greatest impact on the period. A. the German Karl Marx and the American Sigmund Freud B. the German Karl Marx and the Austrian Sigmund Freud C. the Swiss Car Jung and the American William James D. the Austrian Karl Marx and the German Sigmund Freud 4.The American realists approached the harsh realities and pressures in the post-Civil war society by _____. A. a comprehensive picture of modern life in its various occupations, class stratifications and manners B. a psychological exploration of man’s subconsciousness C. a disillusion of heroism resulting from the dark memories of the Civil War D. both A and B 5.By the turn of the century, with the publication of The Man that Corrupted Hadleyburg and The Mysterious Stranger, the change in Mark Twain from ______ to _____ could be felt. A. an optimist...an almost despairing pessimist B. an almost despairing pessimist...an optimist C. a local colorist...a naturalist D. a naturalist...a local colorist 6.The Portrait of A Lady is generally considered to be Jame’s masterpiece, which ____. A. incarnates the clash between the Old World and the New in the life journey of an American girl in a European cultural environment B. tells a story about a young and innocent American confronting the complexity of the European life C. is about a young American girl who gets “killed” by the winter in Rome D. tells about some Europeans who learn with difficulty to adapt themselves to the American life 7.About Henry James’ literary criticism, which of the following is not right? A. It is both concerned with form and devoted to human values. B. He indicates that the aim of the novel is to present life in every possible form. C. He advocates the freedom of the artist to write about anything that concerns him. D. He believes that the artist can’t feel the life, but he can understand human nature in their own way. 8.The characters presented by the naturalist writers were _____. A. more often than not dominated by their environment and heredity