2018年济宁市高三模拟考试
英语试题
2018．03 本试卷分第I 卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写到答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2．第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3．第II卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第I卷
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．￡19．15．
B．￡9．15．
C．￡9．18．
答案是B。
1．What does the woman ask John to do?
A．Leave the room for a moment．
B．Have a discussion with Pete．
C．Get something to eat．
2．How much will the speakers pay for the match?
A．￡24．B．￡42．C．￡48．
3．Why can’t the woman pick up the man now?
A．Her car is under repair．
B．She can’t open the car door．
C．She locked her car keys in her house．
4．Where are the speakers?
A．In a restaurant．B．In the man’s office．C．In a theater．
5．How does the man feel?
A．Relieved．B．Worried．C．Angry．
第二节(共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What are the speakers talking about?
A．A notebook computer．B．A mobile phone．C．A new T—shirt．
7．What can the tiny computers do?
A．Receive messages．B．Switch lights on and off．C．Operate the air conditioner．
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What is the woman doing?
A．Deciding on the time for a holiday trip．
B．Learning about some festival customs．
C．Looking through her schedule．
9．When is Easter this year?
A．April 6th．B．April 8th．C．April 9th．
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．How will the man go to the Art Museum?
A．By motorbike． B．By bus．C．By car．
11．What should the man do when he comes to the third turning?
A．Turn right．B．Turn left．C．Go straight．
12．Where is the Art Museum?
A．Opposite a bus station．B．Beside a hotel．C．Behind a bank．
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．How often will the man be available to work?
A．No more than two evenings a week．
B．Up to three evenings a week．
C．At least three evenings a week．
14．Why does the man apply for a part-time job?
A．To gain work experience．B．To improve his social skills．C．To earn money．15．What is the man good at?
A．Solving problems．B．Communicating with people．C．Working in a group．16．What will the man do on September 10th?
A．Have a lesson．B．Work for the community．C．Meet the woman．
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．From whom did the speaker get the information of the project?
A．Her neighbors．B．Her cousins．C．Her friends．
18．Where did the speaker come from?
A．China．B．Thailand．C．Australia．
19．What does the speaker ask her family to do?
A．Learn about sea animals．
B．Recycle as much as possible．
C．Take part in the cleaning project．
20．What will One-Day Clean-up focus on on January 11th next year?
A．The woodlands．B．The seaside．C．The rivers
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Welcome to the home page of the Photography World website．We offer a range of useful services for photographers and photography lovers．
Camera Club
Join our club and enjoy a range of benefits．You’11 get invitations to our regular events，such as members’film shows，exhibitions and talks by experts．You can apply for Full membership，Asso-date membership or Junior membership．Full membership includes free entry to all events and 10％discount when ordering equipment online．Associate membership gives you half-price tickets to events．Junior membership(proof of age required)allows youngsters to enjoy the benefits of Full membership．Costs(per year)：Full membership 20，Associate 12，Junior 10．Most new members joined as the result of recommendations from current members．
Advice Center
Take advantage of our Advice Center．Ask our panel of experts your questions about cameras and photography．Whether you’re looking for solutions to problems or fresh ideas for interesting photos，you’11 get response here．Simply email your questions to advice@cameraclub．com or leave a recorded message On 0800—565656．We guarantee to send you a reply by email within five days．Please note that since we can’t provide information about repairs to cameras，you should contact the manufacturer about these．
Competition
Our competition is held every year and is a great chance for new and experienced photographers to win one of our great prizes，which range from albums to keep your photos in to one-day courses or a set of state-of-the-art camera equipment．Entries can only be accepted from members．They can be sent in prints，on a CD or memory stick，or by email．Please note that photos can’t be returned，so make sure you have copies．The topic—for example，wildlife，transport，people—is announced each year here on the website when the competition opens．
21．Which of the following is a proper price list for an event organized by Camera Club?
22．Which of the following CANNOT be obtained from the advice center?
A．Solutions to problems about photography．B．Fresh ideas for interesting photos．C．Response to club members’questions．D．Information about repairs to cameras．23．What’s the requirement of the competition?
A．Competitors must be experienced．
B．Competitors must have membership．
C．Competitors’works must be sent by email．
D．Competitors must have spare copies of their photos．
B
I was really nervous about English class this year because I was an eleventh grader taking a twelfth grade class．I knew that I wouldn’t know anyone in the class，and that scared me a little．But since I didn’t know anyone，I had the chance to do something I love almost as much as socializing—people watching．One of the most interesting girls in the class sat directly behind me．She was always laughing and talking，and she just seemed so happy．She was friendly，too—she was one of the very few people in the class who made any attempt to acknowledge me．
At the end of the year，we were assigned a big project．It was a very open-ended project，where the instructions were basically to read something，then read or watch something else that related to it，and then come up with a class presentation based on what you learned．
The presentations were spread out over the last month of schoo1．The girl behind me presented on one of the very last days．She got up in front of the class，and told how she had read about eating disorders，because she herself had struggled with one．Since it would have been too difficult for her to talk to us about it directly，she and a friend(who had also suffered from an eating disorder)had made a movie，where they interviewed each other about their eating disorders，how they had felt while they were struggling with them，and how they had overcome them．By the end of the presentation，almost everyone was in tears．
The most shocking thing about the whole presentation was how surprising it was．I never expected that she would have had a problem like that．She always seemed so happy and confident；it was hard to picture her counting calories because she thought she wasn’t good enough．
You also never know what kind of impact you have had on people’s lives．The courage of the girl behind me to talk about something so personal，and her strength to ask for help and overcome her problems have inspired me．
24．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A．The writer was a twelfth-grader．B．The writer liked observing people．
C．English was the writer’s weak subject．D．The writer had a few friends in the class．25．How did the writer find the girl friendly?
A．She sat directly behind the writer．B．She attempted to disturb the writer．
C．She was always laughing and talking．D．She said hello to the writer in some way．26．What is the 4th paragraph mainly about?
A．The girl’s presentation．B．Eating disorders．
C．A successful interview．D．A moving movie．
27．What did the writer finally realize?
A．The girl wasn’t good enough．B．The girl was always happy and confident．
C．It takes long to really know a person．D．It is easy to overcome one’s problems．
C
The unusual whistle language used as a means of communication by villagers in the remote and mountainous northern Turkey has been added to the UNESCO list of Intangible Cultural Heritage．The language is a highly developed high—pitch system of whistling to communicate in rugged(崎岖的)areas where people mostly cannot see each other．It can allow people to communicate across great distances，up to 5 kilometers．Compared with other similar whistle languages in Spain’s Canary Islands，in Mexico，or in Greek villages，it has a higher tone and larger vocabulary．
This unusual form of communication，which dates some 500 years ago，to the Ottoman Empire was born from sheer necessity and widespread across the Black Sea regions．
But 50 years ago，it suffered the impact of the progression of technology and nowadays the rapid growth of cellular mobile systems has put this cultural heritage under serious threat．
For centuries，the language has been passed on from grandparent to parent，from parent to child Now，though，many of its most proficient speakers who use their tongue，teeth and fingers are aging all becoming physically weak．Young people are no longer interested in learning the language or in finding ways to update its vocabulary with new words，and in a few generations it may be gone for good．“Our bird language is very convenient and efficient to communicate across the valleys．It has many benefits over yelling，which is bad for our throats．”said Avni Kocek，head of the bird village adding that despite setbacks because of technology，“bird language is still used by many of us．Whistle language is transmitted from our elders to us and we have the duty to transmit it to our children. We are making efforts to keep our culture alive through the annual Bird Language Festival．”
Besides，the bird language has been required to be taught at primary schools since 2014 by district
authorities in order to instill the practice in younger generations．
28．What is the bird language’s advantage over other similar whistle languages?
A．It is used as a means of communication．B．It is older and has a larger number of users．C．It can send more messages to farther places．D．It is a completely different system of whistling．29．What’s the biggest threat to the bird language?
A．Other whistle languages are more effectively protected．
B．The necessity to use it in everyday life is disappearing．
C．Many of its most proficient speakers are growing old．
D．Young people find it too difficult to learn well enough．
30．What’s the most effective measure so far taken to protect the bird language?
A．It has become a subject at primary schools．
B．Bird Language Festival is celebrated every month．
C．Cellular mobile systems are not allowed in the area．
D．All parents are required to transmit it to their children．
31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Preserving the Endangered Bird language B．The Story of a Bird Language Speaker C．Celebrating the Bird Language Festival D．The Disappearance of Bird Language
D
The term“forensic linguistics，”in its broadest sense，covers all areas of study where language and law intersect(交集)．A famous example of its application is the case of Chris Coleman，who was suspected of killing his family in 2009．Robert Leonard，the head of the forensic linguistics program at Hofstra University，presented some important linguistic evidence in the trial against Coleman．Relying heavily on word choice and spelling，Leonard suggested that the same person had written the threatening e-mails and sprayed the graffiti(涂鸦)，and that those samples bore similarities to Cole—man’s writing style．Coleman was later found guilty of the murder．
Robert Leonard was not the first one who used linguistic evidence in criminal investigation．The field of forensic linguistics was brought to attention by his colleague James Fitzgerald in 1996 with his work in the case of the Unabomber，who had sent a series of letter bombs to college professors over several years，causing many deaths．Working for the FBI，Fitzgerald urged the publication of the Un-abomber’s letter—a lengthy declaration of the criminal’s philosophy．
After the letter was published，many people called the FBI to say they recognized the writing style．By analyzing sentence structure，word choice，and other linguistic patterns，Fitzgerald narrowed
dram the range of possible authors and finally linked the letter to the writings of Ted Kaczynski，a former mathematician．For instance，Kaczynski tended to use long parallel phrases，which were frequently found in the bomber’s letter．Both Kaczynski and the bomber also showed a preference for dozens of unusual words，such as“chimerical”and“anomic．”The bomber’s use of the terms“broad”for women and “negro”for African Americans also enabled Fitzgerald to roughly calculate the suspect’s age．The linguistic evidence was strong enough for the judge to search Kaczynski’s isolated cabin in Montana；what was found there put him in prison for life．
On some level，finding hidden meanings from linguistic evidence is what we all do intuitively(凭直觉地)in our daily language interaction．This is exactly the same work forensic professionals do．As one forensic-linguistics firm，Testipro，puts it in its online promotional ad，the field can be regarded as the basis of the entire legal system．”
32．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Robert Leonard has provided linguistic evidence in court cases．
B．The Fill relies mainly on language experts to solve its crime cases．
C．Finding hidden meanings in language use is important for daily life．
D．Studying texts can provide critical evidence in criminal investigations．
33．Which of the following is true about the Unabomber?
A．He didn’t like to be called negro．
B．He was good at analyzing the use of language．
C．He declared his philosophy in a written statement．
D．He was a professor of mathematics living on Hofstra campus．
34．What type of language feature is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．Spelling of words．B．Sound pattern．
C．Selection of words．D．Grammatical pattern．
35．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Meaning can be changed in the process of writing．
B．Some features in language use are shared by everyone．
C．People tend to stick to certain habitual patterns in their use of language．
D．Crimes are usually committed by people who are wise and highly educated．
第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The ability to stay positive is one of the most important skills for us．Why is this? The reason is that
we will spend most of our lives setting and trying to achieve goals．Everyone has dreams．Everyone wants to know deep down inside that they were put here to do something great．36 The second you set a goal，obstacles will begin to appear to stand in your way．Most people let these challenges rob them from the life they really want．
If you want to achieve greatness，if you want to experience the best life possible，then be prepared to get knocked down over and over．37 This explains why there are so many people who have stopped trying to reach their dreams．
So how do you remain positive regardless of what type of challenge you are facing? It all comes down to how you choose to respond to any situation as well as what you decide to focus on．No matter how bad your situation is，you can always find something good in it．38
If you keep focusing on how bad you have it，how are things supposed to get any better? 39 Of course it is．If this is true，why even bother thinking positively? That is because if you do，you have a chance to make things better．If you don’t，things will usually get a lot worse．
Realize that challenges are a part of life．40 It’s what makes reaching a goal worth it．If you were able to get everything you wanted without even trying，the victory wouldn’t taste as sweet．A．Everyone will have to go through them．
B．Staying positive can be beneficial in many ways．
C．Staying positive during situations like this is not easy．
D．You can do things like reading positive books or listening to positive songs．
E．Is it possible to be positive and still have your circumstances get even worse?
F．However，the problem is that life is tough．
G．So what you can do is start focusing on what is good．
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A，B，C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
This year has been a busy year of travel for me，and the end of the year is no exception．I 41 an early morning flight that had me up at 4：30am to get to the airport．The thought of such an early flight made me 42 ，but then I started to think about the chain of people who would make that early journey 43 for me：my Lyft driver，check-in agent，security staff，gate agents，flight crew，etc．They all do their jobs at an early hour 44 I can get to my destination safely．
When the trip 45 ，I realized I had a(n) 46 ：I could be annoyed about having to take an early flight and hold this 47 with me．Or，I could choose to be 48 for this modern machine of safe air travel and the people who made it possible．Just thinking about the 49 choice got my mind working about 50 I could show my gratitude：what if I got a little gift for every 51 I encountered on my journey?
Then I started to think about what kind of gift would be 52 ．Because it was a trip，they had to be 53 enough to fit in my luggage．54 ，I decided a Starbucks gift card would be portable and a universally appreciated item that would 55 them to get a coffee／tea or snack．
For the first time in years I actually 56 getting up at 4：30am! I ended up giving gift cards to my Lyft driver，airport security agent，two gate agents，and four flight attendants，57 of whom said thank you and smiled while 58 their duties．And，59 arriving fired and upset，after only four hours of sleep and a long 60 ，I was energetic and happy to share my story．
41．A．missed B．caught C．booked D．boarded
42．A．upset B．excited C．delighted D．shocked 43．A．difficult B．possible C．comfortable D．impressive 44．A．while B．until C．unless D．so
45．A．came B．ended C．passed D．delayed 46．A．mistake B．choice C．passport D．appointment 47．A．activity B．creativity C．negativity D．priority 48．A．grateful B．responsible C．punctual D．anxious
49．A．either B．neither C．former D．1atter
50．A．why B．how C．where D．when
51．A．child B．person C．worker D．passenger 52．A．expensive B．delicate C．fashionable D．appropriate 53．A．small B．heavy C．flexible D．cheap 54．A．Fortunately B．Obviously C．Gradually D．Eventually 55．A．remind B．enable C．force D．persuade
56．A．got used to B．got fired of C．1ooked forward to D．suffered from 57．A．one B．few C．all D．none
58．A．paying B．performing C．ignoring D．considering
59．A．in spite of B．as a result of C．regardless of D．instead of 60．A．flight B．wait C．rest D．thought
第Ⅱ卷
注意事项：
用0．5毫米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节(共10小题，每小题1．5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Around three in five people in the UK will find 61 necessary to care for all elderly or a disabled loved one at some point．This can be made much 62 (easy)by bearing in mind a few simple principles and pieces of advice．
63 (care)for an elderly loved one most likely a parent，is never easy．It can cause great pain emotionally and 64 (physical)and the financial challenges can sometimes seem difficult to deal with，too．
Often one of the hardest things is striking a balance between your parent’s desire 65 (feel) independent and the need to ensure that they are safe and their health needs are being attended to．Sometimes this can create tensions and 66 (argue)，only adding to the stress of an already difficult situation．It is important here to make them feel that they are being listened to and 67 you only have their best interests at heart．
The same applies 68 financial issues．In order to cover the costs of their parent’s care—including bills and medicine—many people will investigate options such as selling the family home．The most important thing here is communication—it is vital to make sure that everyone involved，including other brothers and sisters，69 (be)aware of what’s being proposed and cooperates to find a solution 70 satisfies everybody．
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
All students from our class go to the exhibition displaying China’s outstanding achievements in last month．As soon as we arrived，a guide gave us a introduction to the exhibition．While listen，we made some notes carefully．We felt excitedly and couldn’t wait to start the visit．We were both inspired by the various exhibits，including the models of the high-speed train．We took a lot of photo and were proud of the achievements of our country．
The next day，we decided have a class meeting to present which we had seen．Immediately we devoted ourselves to prepare the presentations．
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是光明中学的学生李华，从互联网上读到了下面的广告，你对此很感兴趣。请写一封电子邮件申请，内容主要包括：
1、求职意向；
2、自身优势；
3、希望获准。
注意：
l、词数100左右；
2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
绝密★启用前 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标全国I卷) 英语 （考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡ 19. 15. B. ￡ 9. 18. C. ￡ 9. 15. 答案是C。 1.what will James do tomorrow ? A.Watch a TV program. B.Give a talk. C.Write a report. 2.What can we say about the woman? A.She's generour. B.She's curious. C.She's helpful. 3.When does the traif leave?https://www.doczj.com/doc/d516776111.html, A.At 6:30. B.At8:30. C.At 10:30. 4.How does the wonar sRwr?m A.By car. B.On foot. C.By bike 5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Classmates. B.Teacher and student. C.Doctor and patient. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.What does the woman regret? A.Giving up her research. B.Dropping out of college. C.Changiny her major.
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 （考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt A. ￡19. 15. B. ￡9. 18. C. ￡9. 15. 答案是C。 will James do tomorrow a TV program. a talk. a report. can we say about the woman 's generour. 's curious. 's helpful.
does the traif leave 6:30. :30. 10:30. does the wonar sRwrm car. foot. bike is the probable relationship between the speakers . and student. and patient. 第二节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 does the woman regret up her research. out of college. her major. is the woman interested in studying now . . . 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 is the man hotel manager. tour guide. taxi driver. is the man doing for the woman for some local foods.
济宁北大培文实验学校(济宁市实验中学)2019级高一下学期 开学考试生物试题 一、选择题(每题1.5分，共60分) 1. 下列关于纯合子与杂合子的叙述，错误的是 A.杂合子自交后代会出现性状分离 B.纯合子杂交后代可能是杂合子 C.杂合子的亲本一定为杂合子 D.基因组成为AA的个体是纯合子 2. 下列是对“一对相对性状的杂交实验”中性状分离现象的各项假设性解释，其中错误的是( ) A．生物的性状是由细胞中的遗传因子决定的 B．体细胞中的遗传因子成对存在，互不融合 C．在配子中只含有每对遗传因子中的一个 D．生物的雌雄配子数量相等，且随机结合 3. 在制作DNA双螺旋结构模型时，各“部件”之间需要连接。下图中连接错误的是( ) 4. 一对正常的夫妇生下一个患有某遗传病的男孩，该遗传病一定不是 ( ) A．伴性遗传B．常染色体遗传 C．显性遗传D．隐性遗传 5. 初级卵母细胞和次级卵母细胞在分裂过程中都会出现( ) A．同源染色体分离B．着丝粒分裂 C．细胞质不均等分裂D．染色体复制 6. 人慢性粒细胞白血病，是由第22号染色体的一部分移接到第14号染色体上造成的。这种变异属于( ) A．基因突变B．基因重组 C．染色体数目变异D．染色体结构变异 7. 下列选项中，属于染色体异常遗传病的是( ) A．抗维生素D佝偻病B．苯丙酮尿症 C．唐氏综合征D．多指 8. 下列四组杂交组合中，能确定显隐性关系的是( ) A．高茎×高茎→高茎 B．高茎×高茎→301株高茎＋101株矮茎 C．矮茎×矮茎→矮茎 D．高茎×矮茎→98株高茎＋107株矮茎 9. 下列关于生物体内遗传物质的说法，正确的是( ) A.细菌的遗传物质主要是DNA B.某病毒的遗传物质是DNA和RNA C.有细胞结构的生物其遗传物质是DNA D.细胞质中的遗传物质是DNA或RNA 10. 下列有关基因突变的叙述，错误的是( ) A．诱发突变的突变率比自然突变的突变率高 B．只有进行有性生殖的生物才能发生基因突变 C．基因突变是生物进化的重要因素之一
山东省济宁市实验中学2019-2020学年高一生物上学期期中试题 一、选择题(每题1分，共40分) 1.草履虫和含羞草都没有的生命系统结构层次是( ) A.组织 B.器官 C.系统 D.种群 2. 下列事实中,不支持“生命活动离不开细胞”观点的是( ) A.人的生殖与发育 B.草履虫的运动和分裂 C.HIV侵入人体淋巴细胞 D.乙肝病毒由蛋白质和核酸组成 3. 科学家运用不同的研究方法揭示出生命的奥秘。下列科学研究过程与主要研究方法,对应错误的是( ) A.达尔文依据大量的事例得出进化论——不完全归纳法 B.巴甫洛夫研究条件反射的建立——实验法 C.列文虎克利用显微镜首先发现活细胞——观察法 D.世界上很多地方的天鹅都是白的,人们便得出结论:“天鹅都是白的”——完全归纳法 4.关于细胞学说，下列叙述正确的是( ) A细胞学说证明了植物界与动物界最本质的联系 B该学说认为由细胞构成的生物可分为真核生物和原核生物 C细胞学说揭示了生物界的多样性和统一性，认为细胞一定都是由细胞分裂产生的 D细胞学说的创立完全是由施莱登和施旺完成的 5.肉毒杆菌是一种生长在缺氧环境下的细菌，其生命活动过程中会分泌一种蛋白质类的肉毒杆菌毒素。下列叙述错误的是( ) A．肉毒杆菌是原核生物，没有成形的细胞核 B．肉毒杆菌的遗传物质是DNA C．肉毒杆菌维持生命活动的能量不来自线粒体 D．肉毒杆菌毒素的加工和分泌过程有内质网和高尔基体的参与 6.下列关于原核细胞和真核细胞的叙述，不正确的是( ) A．含有叶绿体的细胞一定是真核细胞 B．没有核膜和染色体的细胞一定是原核细胞 C．含有有氧呼吸酶的细胞可能是原核细胞 D．含有核糖体的细胞可能是真核细胞
同学们，大家好！ 这份考前辅导材料先从一则故事入手，让我们先来走进它： 1968年，在墨西哥奥运会的百米赛道上，美国选手吉?海因斯撞线后，转过身子看运动场上 的记分牌。当指示灯打出9.95秒的字样后，海因斯摊开双手自言自语地说了一句话。这一 情景通过电视网络，全世界至少有好几亿人看到，可是由于当时他身边没有话筒，因此海因 斯到底说了句什么话，谁都不知道。但人们清楚地知道这是人类历史上首次有人在百米赛道 上突破10秒大关。 1984年，洛杉矶奥运会前夕，一位叫戴维?帕尔的记者在办公室回放墨西哥奥运会的资 料片，当再次看到海因斯回头、摊手、自言自语的镜头时，他想他一定说了一句不同凡响的 话。但这一新闻点，竟被当时400多名在现场的记者给漏掉了，这实在是个天大的遗憾。于 是他决定去采访海因斯，问他当时到底咕哝了句什么话。当被问起16年前的事时，海因斯想了想笑着说：“当时难道没人听见吗？我说，上帝啊，那扇门原来是虚掩着的！” 谜底揭开之后，戴维?帕尔接着对海因斯进行了采访。针对那句话，海因斯说：“自美国运动员欧文斯于1936年5月25日在柏林奥运会上创下10.03秒的百米赛世界纪录之后，以詹姆斯?格拉森医生为代表团的医学界断言，人类的肌肉纤维所承载的运动极限不会超过 每秒10米，的确，这一纪录保持了32年，这一说法在田径场上非常流行，我也以为这是真的，但是，我想我的最高水平该跑出10.01秒的成绩。于是，每天我以自己最快的速度跑50公里。因为我知道，百米冠军不是在百米赛道上练出来的。当我在墨西哥奥运会上看到自己 9.95秒的纪录之后，我惊呆了，原来10秒这个门不是紧锁着的，它虚掩着，就像终点那根 横着的绳子。” “百米冠军不是在百米赛道上练出来的。”，“每天我以自己最快的速度跑50公里。”同学们，就是这每天的坚持成就了海因斯在最后的赛道上突破了自己的“10秒大关”，推开了虚掩着的成功之门，成就了自己，创造了历史。 高考不也如此？看似枯燥、单调、甚至令人心烦的一份一份小练、一题一题讲解、一遍 一遍重复，回想起来不正是铺就了我们通向虚掩着的那扇门吗？ 越是接近终点，越要屏气凝神、步履坚定、成竹在胸。因为我们知道，翻过了这份“考 前辅导材料”，“2018年高考卷”的尊容就在那扇虚掩着的门背后。 去吧，去轻轻地推开它！ 高三英语组全体老师预祝莘莘学子梦想成真！ 2018届高考英语考前辅导 应试总方法：“一看二序三速四查”。 一看：充分利用考前５分钟，认真阅卷，同时调节紧张的心理。阅卷时要注意，答题要求、 题量、总页码及正反面的试题。不要迫不急待答题。“磨刀不误砍柴工”。 二序：遵循先易后难的原则，不要违反规律。 三速：在规定的120分钟内完成全部试题需要一定的速度。以下为各项题目建议时间分配：（学生可根据自己的实际作适当调整） 听力单项、完形阅读理解任务型书面表达涂卡、整理 20分钟25分钟35分钟13分钟25分钟2分钟（建议做好一大题 就涂好一大题） 四查：在完成全部试题后要认真检查： 1. 试题是否全部完成（包括正、反面）。不要轻易改答案（尤其是阅读理解），除非恍然大悟。 2. 答题卡是否全部涂规范、正确，考号、姓名、科目等是否正确无误。 3. 对漏做、疑难的题目进行强攻。
2018年全国普通高等学校招生考试(全国卷Ⅱ) 英语 （考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分） 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分） 听下面5短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does John find difficult in learning German？ A．Pronunciation．B．Vocabulary．C．Grammar． 2．What is the probable relationship between the speakers？ A．Colleagues．B．Brother and sister．C．Teacher and student．3．Where does the conversation probably take place？ A．In a bank．B．At a ticket office．C．On a train． 4．What are the speakers talking about？ A．A restaurant． B．A street． C．A dish． 5．What does the woman think of her interview？ A．It was tough． B．It was interesting．C．It was successful． 第二节（共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．When will Judy go to a party？ A．On Monday．B．On Tuesday．C．On Wednesday． 7．What will Max do next？ A．Fly a kite．B．Read a magazine．C．Do his homework． 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
济宁北大培文实验学校（济宁市实验中学）2019级 高一下学期6月模块考试化学试题 注意事项： 1.本试题分为第l卷(选择题〕和第II卷〔非选择题)两部分。满分100分，考试时间90分钟。 2.本卷可能用到的相对原子质量：H－1 C－12 N－14 O－16 Na－23 Zn－65 Al－27 第Ⅰ卷选择题(共50分) 一、选择题：(包括25个小题，每小题只有一个正确选项，每小题2分，共50分) 1. 下列关于硫的叙述中，正确的是 ( ) A．硫只以化合态存在于自然界中 B．硫是一种黄色、能溶于水的晶体 C．硫在空气中燃烧生成二氧化硫 D．硫在过量纯氧中燃烧生成三氧化硫 2.下列反应中，不能说明SO2是酸性氧化物的是 ( ) A. SO2+H2O===H2SO3 B. SO2+2NaOH===Na2SO3 + H2O C. 2SO 2+O22SO3 D. SO2+CaO===CaSO3 3、下列化学反应中的说法错误的是（） A. 化学反应中有物质变化也有能量变化。 B. 化学键断裂吸收能量，化学键生成放出能量。 C. 需要加热的化学反应不一定是吸热反应。 D. 如图所示的反应为放热反应。 4、下列有关S O2的说法正确的是( ) A．SO2和SO3均是酸性氧化物B．SO2的漂白原理和氯气的漂白原理相同 C．在SO2＋2H2S===3S＋2H2O 反应中，氧化产物和还原产物的物质的量之比为1∶2 D．把某气体通入澄清的石灰水中，石灰水变浑浊，该气体一定是SO2 5、下列关于氨与铵盐的叙述中正确的是( ) A．铵盐大都易溶于水 B．干燥NH3时，不可以用酸性干燥剂，用中性干燥剂CaCl2即可 C．铵盐作氮肥时，与生石灰混用的效果更好 D、铵盐加热时都能产生NH3，并可以用湿润的红色石蕊试纸检验
一、第九章 静电场及其应用选择题易错题培优（难） 1．如图所示，用两根等长的绝缘细线各悬挂质量分别m A 和m B 的小球，分别带q A 和q B 的正电荷，悬点为O ，当小球由于静电力作用张开一角度时，A 球悬线与竖直线夹角为α，B 球悬线与竖直线夹角为β，则（ ） A ．sin sin A B m m βα= B ． sin sin A B B A m q m q βα = C ．sin sin A B q q βα = D ．两球接触后，再静止下来，两绝缘细线与竖直方向的夹角变为α'、β'，有 sin sin sin sin ααββ' =' 【答案】AD 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】 AB ．如下图，对两球受力分析，根据共点力平衡和几何关系的相似比，可得 A m g OP F PA =库， B m g OP F PB =库
由于库仑力相等，联立可得 A B m PB m PA = 由于sin cos OA PA αθ?= ，sin cos OB PB β θ ?=，代入上式可得 sin sin A B m m β α = 所以A 正确、B 错误； C ．根据以上分析，两球间的库仑力是作用力与反作用力，大小相等，与两个球带电量的多少无关，所以不能确定电荷的比例关系，C 错误； D ．两球接触后，再静止下来，两绝缘细线与竖直方向的夹角变为α'、β'，对小球A 、B 受力分析，根据上述的分析，同理，仍然有相同的关系，即 sin sin A B m m βα' =' 联立可得 sin sin sin sin ααββ' =' D 正确。 故选AD 。 2．电荷量相等的两点电荷在空间形成的电场有对称美．如图所示，真空中固定两个等量异种点电荷A 、B ，AB 连线中点为O.在A 、B 所形成的电场中，以O 点为圆心半径为R 的圆面垂直AB 连线，以O 为几何中心的边长为2R 的正方形平面垂直圆面且与AB 连线共面，两个平面边线交点分别为e 、f ，则下列说法正确的是( ) A ．在a 、b 、c 、d 、e 、f 六点中找不到任何两个场强和电势均相同的点 B ．将一电荷由e 点沿圆弧egf 移到f 点电场力始终不做功 C ．将一电荷由a 点移到圆面内任意一点时电势能的变化量相同 D ．沿线段eOf 移动的电荷，它所受的电场力先减小后增大 【答案】BC 【解析】 图中圆面是一个等势面，e 、f 的电势相等，根据电场线分布的对称性可知e 、f 的场强相同，故A 错误．图中圆弧egf 是一条等势线，其上任意两点的电势差都为零，根据公式W=qU 可知：将一正电荷由e 点沿圆弧egf 移到f 点电场力不做功，故B 正确．a 点与圆面
惠州市2018届高三第一次模拟考试 英语 2018.4． 注意事项：1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。因考试不考 听力，第I卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。 2．回答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答题标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。写在本试卷 上无效。 3. 回答第II卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第I卷 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A From American Express, wedding guests will，on average，spend $673 on each wedding they attend this year. It includes airfare ($225), hotel ($170), dining out ($116) and dressing up ($95) and the gift. If you have weddings to attend this year, here are some tips for you to avoid breaking the bank. 1. Book flights in advance The moment you decide to attend a wedding is the time to check flight prices at the best time. Plane fares are higher in the summer, especially in July and August. Booking in advance will save you money, as will watch for sales on lower-cost carriers like JetBlue and Frontier. You can check Google Flights for a calendar of prices showing the cheapest days to fly from apps like Hopper to get real-time alerts when a fare is at its lowest price point. 2. Don't blow your budget on the gift If you've got the money, an expensive gift is lovely. But there's no need to take out loans to prove your love for the happy couple. Skip an expensive necklace by giving (an appropriate amount of) cash instead. To save on the gift, consider making one: A photo album or scrapbook of memories with the bride and groom shows how much you care. You could also share the gift with other guest(s) or even make gifts with DIY ideas by yourself to save money. 3. Use old dresses and suits You don't always have to be on a new dress for a wedding. While men have the option of repeating their suits, women are more likely to spend money on new clothes for the special occasion. But before you take out your wallet, consider reinventing something already in your
2018年湖南省高考英语试卷 第一部分听力（共两节）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上．录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上．第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话．每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项．听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来冋答有关小题和阅读下一小题．每段对话仅读一遍．例：How much is the shirt？A.£19.15.B. £9.18. C £9.15.答案是C。 1．（1.50分）What will James do tomorrow？ A．Watch a TV program． B．Give a talk． C．Write a report． 2．（1.50分）What can we say about the woman？ A．She's generous． B．She's curious． C．She's helpful． 3．（1.50分）When does the train leave？ A．At 6：30． B．At 8：30． C．At 10：30． 4．（1.50分）How does the woman go to work？ A．By car． B．On foot． C．By bike． 5．（1.50分）What is the probable relationship between the speakers？A．Classmates． B．Teacher and student． C．Doctor and patient．
山东省济宁实验中学高一生物第一学期期末试卷（含答案） 一、单选题 1．下图是光合作用示意图，下列说法错误的是（） A．物质②和物质③均可为C3的还原供能 B．当物质④供应停止时，物质①的生成速率将下降 C．当温度适当升高时，暗反应速率可能升高，而光反应不受影响 D．为叶肉细胞提供H2l8O，一段时间后在（CH2O）中能检测到18O 2．下列有关构成细胞的化合物种类和鉴别方法的叙述中，正确的是（） A．细胞中的糖类分为单糖、二糖和多糖，可以用斐林试剂鉴别 B．细胞中的脂质都能被苏丹Ⅳ染成红色，都只含C、H、O三种元素。 C．细胞内蛋白质种类众多，但都能与双缩脲试剂发生紫色反应 D．细胞的遗传物质是DNA或RNA，用甲基绿吡罗红混合染色剂可以鉴定其分布 3．糖类和脂质是细胞中两种重要的有机物，相关的叙述错误的是（） A．胆固醇可参与构成动物细胞膜 B．糖类中的淀粉、纤维素和糖原都完全由葡萄糖缩合而成 C．淀粉和脂肪水解的终产物是二氧化碳和水 D．质量相同的糖类和脂肪被彻底氧化分解时，糖类耗氧少 4．以下二倍体生物的细胞中含有两个染色体组的是（） ①有丝分裂中期细胞②有丝分裂后期细胞③减数第一次分裂中期细胞④减数第二次分裂中期⑤减数第一次分裂后期细胞⑥减数第二次分裂后期细胞 A．①②③B．①③⑤C．①③⑤⑥D．①④⑤⑥ 5．某一不可逆化学反应在无酶和有酶催化时均可以进行，当该反应在无酶条件下进行到时间t时，向反应液中加入催化该反应的酶。下图中能正确表示加酶后反应物浓度随反应时间变化趋势的曲线最可能是
A．甲B．乙C．丙D．丁 6．图表示物质进入细胞的不同方式，ATPase为ATP酶，在图示生理过程中还具有载体功能。下列有关叙述错误的是 A．ATP只影响方式③的运输速率B．吞噬细胞通过方式④吞噬病原体 C．低温会影响方式①~④的运输速率D．固醇类激素通过方式①进入靶细胞 7．正常人体内的造血干细胞能分裂产生各种血细胞，在体外某些因素的诱导下，却可以分化为神经细胞和肝细胞。其根本原因是这些造血干细胞 A．有旺盛的分裂能力 B．还没有分化 C．能合成神经细胞或肝细胞需要的蛋白质 D．具有与受精卵相同的全套遗传基因 8．下列关于细胞中的化合物的叙述中，错误的是（） A．豌豆叶肉细胞中含有2种核酸、5种碱基、5种核苷酸 B．葡萄糖是细胞生命活动的主要能源物质，水浴条件下它能与斐林试剂反应出现砖红色沉淀 C．维生素D能促进人和动物肠道对钙和磷的吸收，它属于脂质 D．水和无机盐都是无机物，细胞中的水大部分是自由水，细胞中的无机盐主要以离子的形式存在 9．下列关于酶和ATP的叙述，错误的是（） A．不是所有的酶都在核糖体上合成 B．同一种酶可存在于不同的组织细胞中 C．酶的合成需要ATP供能 D．细胞质中有ATP的分布，细胞核中没有 10．下列生物中，除细胞膜外几乎不含磷脂分子的有（） ①酵母菌②变形虫③肺炎双球菌④蓝藻⑤草履虫⑥乳酸菌 A．②③⑥B．③④⑥C．①③④D．①④⑤
济宁市实验中学干部作风建设 实施方案 为进一步转变和优化我校工作作风、加强和提高落实能力，认真执行市区干部作风建设会议精神，加快推动我校教育教学水平的全面提升，特制定本方案。 一、目的要求 以科学发展观为统领，紧紧围绕“严肃工作纪律、转变工作作风、提高工作效能，优化教育环境”这一中心任务，着力打造一支思想坚定、作风过硬、纪律严明、素质精良、爱岗敬业、工作热情、教学有方、令行禁止、勇于奉献的干部队伍。 二、整改原则 1、全面整改，重点突出。面向全体干部，紧密结合我校工作实际，认真查找问题、揭摆矛盾，要对照本方案提出的整顿重点，找出主要矛盾或主要问题。做到突破有重点、整改有方向。 2、抓准典型，教育为主。我们要立足于教育教学质量的提高。既要通过现象看本质，又要触及灵魂看表现；既要对共性问题进行普遍教育，又要对个性问题进行对症教育；营造一种争当先进的浓厚氛围。 3、促进工作，讲求实效。要把整顿活动融入到我们日常教育教学工作的全过程，坚持边查边改、边整边改，以整顿促工作，用发展看整顿，用工作成效反映整顿效果。真正形成人人心情舒畅，凝心聚力，干事创业的局面。 三、整顿重点 1、责任意识不强。在位不在岗，在岗不尽职，履职不求效；大局观念不强，只想别人配合自己，不愿配合别人；考虑个人的事情多，考虑工作的事情少。
2、自我约束不严。工作落实不到位，落实上级政策和决策，行动迟缓，执行不力；对学校安排的工作，消极怠工、拖办或缓办；学校政策，有令不行，不禁不止，不能严格按照制度规定办事。 3、服务意识淡薄。脱离群众，很少到班级中，到备课组中去，经常上班时间不在学校；工作没有激情，没有创新，没有动力；松松散散，自由散漫，忙于应酬；说得多，做得少，强调客观的多、强调主观的少。 4、发展定位不准。办学目标不明，办学思路不清，办学理念陈旧，育人概念落后。要求下级严，要求自己松。 5、与教师关系僵硬。做教职工思想工作方法简单，对教师态度粗暴，漠视教师呼声，对教师的困难和意见建议不闻不问。学校班子凝聚力不强，管理水平不高，对教师管理松散，师德制度执行不力。 6、校务不公开，评先树优、评职评聘、绩效考核、绩效工资发放等暗箱操作；对教师及服务对象反映的问题听而不闻，麻木不仁，不排查，不解决。 7、缺乏团队精神，利用不正当渠道举报，拉帮结派，搞不团结；散步流言蜚语，乱讲闲话，传播小道消息。 通过整顿，着力解决不讲学习、不讲团结、不讲责任、不讲纪律、不讲廉洁、不讲正气、不讲大局、不讲效能、不讲创新、不讲管理的“十不讲”问题，进一步增强干部、教职工的服务意识、纪律意识、执行意识、大局意识、自律意识、责任意识、令行禁止意识、高效快捷意识、与时俱进意识，达到全校步调高度一致，纪律明显加强，业绩更加突出的效果。 四、方法步骤 我校的作风整顿工作，从3月1日开始到3月31日结束。具体分五个阶段实施：
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试<山东卷） 英语 本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分，共12页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷降答题卡一并交回。b5E2RGbCAP 注意事项： 答题前，考生务必用0.5毫M黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类1. 填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。p1EanqFDPw 第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改2. 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。DXDiTa9E3d 第II卷必须用0.5毫M黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡上各题目指定区域内相3. 应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液】胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。RTCrpUDGiT 第I卷<共105分） 第一部分：听力<共两节，满分30分） 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束时，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。5PCzVD7HxA 第一节<共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。jLBHrnAILg 例：How much is the shirt? A.￡19.15 B.￡ 9.18 C. ￡9.15 答案是C。 1. What does the man want to do? A. Take photos B. Buy a camera C. Help the woman xHAQX74J0X 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. A noisy night B. Their life in town C. A place of living LDAYtRyKfE 3. Where is the man now? A. on his way B. In a restaurant C. At home do? 4. What will Celia Play C. A. find a player B. Watch a game basketball Zzz6ZB2Ltk place? it when the 5. What day is conversation takes
山东省济宁市实验中学2019-2020学年 高一下学期期中考试试题 一、选择题 1.下列有关“假说一演绎法”的叙述错误的是（） A. “测交实验”是对推理过程及结果进行的检验 B. “体细胞中遗传因子成对存在”属于假说内容之一 C. 孟德尔在“一对相对性状的遗传实验”中提出了等位基因的说法 D. 分离定律的发现离不开“假说一演绎法” 『答案』C 『解析』孟德尔的豌豆杂交实验巧妙地运用了假说-演绎法，是其取得成功的主要原因：1. 发现问题：通过对豌豆1对相对性状的杂交实验发现问题；2.针对问题提出假说：生物性状 是由遗传因子决定的、体细胞中遗传因子成对存在，配子中遗传因子成单存在、受精时，雌 雄配子随机结合；3.演绎推理：F1能产生两种不同的配子；4.测交实验验证；5.对假说进行总结。 【详解】A、测交的定义是孟德尔在验证自己对性状分离现象的解释是否正确时提出的，是 对推理过程及结果进行的检验，A正确； B、“生物性状是由遗传因子决定；体细胞中遗传因子成对存在；配子中遗传因子成单存 在；受精时，雌雄配子随机结合”属于假说的内容，B正确；的C、孟德尔在“一对相对性状的遗传实验”中提出了遗传因子的说法，他认为生物的性状是由 遗传因子决定的，没有涉及基因的概念，C错误； D、孟德尔发现基因的遗传定律过程的研究方法是假说一演绎法，D正确。故选C。 【点睛】解题关键是掌握孟德尔用“假说一演绎法”发现基因遗传定律的过程，掌握孟德尔提 出的假说内容、演绎推理的内容、测交实验目的等知识点，分析各选项。 2.如图是部分同学在“减数分裂模型的制作研究”实验中制作的细胞分裂的模型，其中错误的 是（） A. B.
山东省2018年普通高校招生（春季）考试 英语试卷 本试卷分一卷（选择题）和二卷（非选择题）两部分，满分80分，考试时间60分钟。考生请在答题卡上答题，考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并回收。 卷一（选择题，50分） 一、英语知识运用（本题30个小题，每小题1分，共30分。在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求，请将符合题目要求的选项字母代号选出，并填涂在答题卡上。） 1.--.He is from Hang Kong. --Nice to meet you. A.Let me introduce myself B.Let me introduce Tom C.This is Tom speaking D.Have a good time,Tom 2.--Could you give me some on how to improve my spoken English？ --I’m so glad to hear that! A.movements B.suggestions C.greetings D.treatments 3.--Nowadays people are encouraged eat fruit and vegetables to keep_______. A.honest B.nervous C.healthy D.proud 4.--Why do you like swimming? --Because I find _______ very relaxing. A.it B.one C.those D.these 5.--_________? __Good idea. A.Why not join us in the game B.How did you know that C.When would you like to come D.What would you like for dinner 6.--_______beautiful the park is !We may have a picnic here this weekend . --Sound great. A.What a B.What C.How a D.How 7.--It’s an impossible task for us to finish the building in half a year. --Yes,it will take _________ one year. A.at least B.at last C.in time D.in order 8.--I think Mary is a successful woman. --I agree with you .She has nearly _______all her dreams. A.realized B.won C.understood D.believed 9.--_________? --Chinese folk music. A.How about going for a walk B.What’s your favorite sports C.How do you like Chinese D.What are you interested in C.At the City Stadium D.At the City Park 11.IF Bob wants to apply for the job, he needs to ________ . A work part-time B work six days a week C call Sandy at 555-778-6356 D have work experience 12.I hope that you can come and celebrate the Spring Festival with my family. A do B did C does D done 13.--? ---I’d like to buy some traditional Chinese souvenirs. A What can I do for you B How much do they cost C What size do you take D What color do you like 14.--What did you do last weekend? ---I Mount Tai with my friends. A climb B climbed C will climb D am climbing 15.--I wonder_________ a film. --Once a month. A.when you see B.where you see C.whether you have seen D.how often you see 16.--Who is the man _________by the window. --He is our English teacher. A.sits B.sat C.sitting D.is sitting 17.--Downing Hotel.Can I help you? --_________. A.I’m looking for a dress for my daughter. B.I’d like to buy a ticket for tonight’s film. C.I’d like to reserve a double room for this Friday. D.I’ve caught a bad cold and I’m feeling terrible. 18.I felt very tired after a day ‘s hard work,________I went to bed early. A.but B. or C.while D.so 19.--I haven’t finished my dinner yet. --Hurry up ! Our friends ________ for us. A.are waiting B.were waiting B.had waiting D.waited 20.--_______I have found somewhere to live, I will send you my address. A.Unless B.Until C.Though D.Once
王婆卖瓜 济宁市实验中学2013级10班朱亚擎 天气如此燥热，日光肆虐的跳跃，叶子垂下枝头，这狗也耸拉着脑袋，伸着舌头哈哈地喘气。咕咚咕咚灌下一碗水，胡乱抹了一把汗，心想着天不能是要热死人啊。 天热人心也躁，自从隔壁那王婆子来了，我这是一天好生意没做过。这不，今儿一天一个桃还没卖出去。再看那边，那个人头攒动，就不嫌热的慌？我专门打听过了，这王婆从西夏来的，卖的叫胡瓜，据说比当地瓜不知甜多少。难道外地瓜就了不起呀，大家都去买。烦的我踹了那狗一脚，狗哼哼两声，悻悻地走开了，哼！我也走，收摊，回家！ 一番思索后，第二天我早早的来到了集市，我倒要看看这王婆咋卖的瓜。我把担子往地上一撂就坐下了。 王婆一脸笑的走过来了，只见她把瓜一个个地摆在摊子上，摆的倒整齐。过来几个街坊，她还嘿嘿地上前打招呼。收拾好后，王婆手摇大薄扇，一身粗布衣裳，头发绾的老高，额头光亮，一撸袖子，竟吆喝了起来：“嘿，快来瞧瞧咯，又大又甜的胡瓜，别的地儿可买不到！咬上一口冰凉可口，吃进去可舒坦了！不信快来尝尝……”。这可真是力气不知往哪用，那些人谁听你瞎吆喝，可都是光看不买的主！ “我这瓜呀，好吃不贵，咱府上大人尝了都说好吃！”王婆又说道。呦，这瓜当官的都尝过？那我这桃皇帝还吃过呢！我给自己倒了碗水喝。
慢慢地，她那边人越来越多，“真这么好吃么？”“这可是西夏来的吗？”“大人真吃过？”……王婆全都大手一挥：“不信尝尝！吃了再买也不迟！” 这一上午，眼瞧着王婆手忙脚乱地卖了不知多少瓜，衣裳都给湿透了。而我这，还真是没法跟人家比，没点收获。 心里越想越烦，走到王婆面前：“王婆！来块瓜！”“好咧！”王婆利落地切给我一块瓜。我一大口咬下去，还真挺甜哩！ 用心看了王婆一天，夜里，我辗转反侧，连那月光也蒙蒙地晃眼。现在社会压力越来越大，真是磨平了我的脾气，到底从什么时候起，我变成这个样子，毫不卖力的生活。我想起王婆满脸的笑容，想起卖力吃劲的吆喝，想起码的齐齐的胡瓜，想起熟练精准的刀法还有渗透心底的甜。我想我终于知道我比王婆少的是什么了，那是一种对待平凡生活的热血。 从西夏逃来躲避战乱，不但未消沉反而卖起胡瓜；遇上陌生的街坊邻居，也会回给一个微笑；对待战乱，对待平淡，仍会努力活出精彩。这种不畏缩，不抱怨，不计较的态度正式来自内心深处的热血。 当今，如我这般怨天尤人，消极而又不抱希望的人比比皆是，我的热血去哪了，大家的热血去哪儿了，大概是沉睡太久了，不然便是不知洒在了何处。而王婆不消沉不被动，她只是用心地去生活，积极地去卖好瓜，她永远怀着满腔热血，向着美好不断前进…… 因为瓜真的好吃，所以想让大家都吃到它；因为觉得人们还很友好，所以想回去报答大家友好；因为对生活怀着希望，所以想要争取