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语法知识—虚拟语气的易错题汇编附答案

语法知识—虚拟语气的易错题汇编附答案
语法知识—虚拟语气的易错题汇编附答案

一、选择题

1.—Swimming in the river for teenagers is very dangerous.

—So it is. If I ________ them, I ________ a shower at home.

A.am; would take B.were; will take

C.was; would take D.were; would take

2.If I _______ you, I would _______ my homework myself.

A.was; did B.am; do C.were; do D.is; did

3.If I ____Alice, I _____them the truth.

A. was , would tell

B. were ,would tell

C. am, will tell D.is , will tell

4.If I ___ you, I ___ be afraid .

A.was, wouldn’t B.were, won’t C.were, wouldn’t

5.—I’m going to Larry’s party. But I don’t know what to wear.

—If I ___ you, I _______ wear a dress.

A.am; will B.were; will

C.were; would D.am; would

6.If I ________ ten years younger, I _________ piano lessons and go to a music college. A.am; will take B.was; took C.were; will take D.were; would take

7.If I ______ you, I ______invite him to go to see a movie.

A.am;would B.were;will C.were;would D.was;will

8.---Tom is always making so many mistakes in his English exercises!

--- Yeah. If he ________ more careful, he ________ fewer mistakes.

A.was; will make B.is; would make C.were; will make D.were; would make 9.If I ____ you, I ____ buy a bike for him.

A.was, would B.was, could C.were, would D.were, could

10.If I _______ you , I _______ do that .

A.was , would B.were ; wouldn’t

C.am , won’t D.were , won’t

11.---Can you tell me what to wear at the party?

---If I ___you,I___the blue jeans.

A.was,will wear B.am,will wear C.were,would wear D.were,wore 12.—I like drinking wine. But people who drink wine aren’t allowed to drive.

—If I you, I would give up wine.

A.were; drinking B.am; drinking

C.were; drink D.was;to drink

13.If I _______ you, I would give some flowers to her.

A.am B.are C.was D.were

14.His teacher suggested ________ ________ to English songs every day. Now he's much better at singing.

A.he listen B.he listens C.him listened D.him listens

15.If my mother ___ I get a grade of 50 in English exam, she would be angry.

A.knows B.knew

C.has known D.would know

16.I you about it because I don’t believe you.

A.wouldn’t rather tell B. would rather not to tell

C. would rather not tell D.wouldn’t rather telling

17.The workers insisted that they a free lunch every noon and the boss had

to do that.

A.be given B.being given C.will be to give D.were given

18.If I not so busy ,I with you .

A.was , would go B.were , would go

C.was , should go D.were , will go

19.You should_______ watched TV. There is so much work to do,

A.not have B.have not C.not D.not having

20.I don’t understand how you got a ticket. I always you a careful driver.

A.think; are B.am thinking; are

C.thought; were D.think; were

21.You are overweight. You’d better any junk food. I suggest you more vegetables. A.not to eat, to have B.not eat, have C.not eat, to have D.not to eat, have 22.The air pollution is worse and worse. The government suggests that people ____ to work by subway or by bus.

A.go B.goes C.going D.to go

23.—I should have been more careful in the exam.

—It is a great pity that you __________.

A.didn’t B.haven’t C.were not D.are not

24.—He suggests that his friend _________ to Beijing right now.

—I think it’s a good ________.

A.should fly; advice B.will fly; suggestion C.flies; advise D.fly; suggestion 25.If it were Sunday today, I________ go to school.

A.shan’t B.would not C.can’t D.won’t

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.D

解析:D

【解析】

试题分析:—在河里游泳对青少年是非常危险的。—的确如此。如果我是他们,我会在家洗澡。if从句表假设,与现在事实相反,be动词则用were ,无论第几人称做主语。主句常用would 跟动词原形。故选D。考点:考查固定句式的用法。

2.C

解析: C

【解析】本题考查的虚拟语气,从句be动词用were,故选答案为C

3.B

解析:B

【解析】

试题分析:本题的含义是如果我是你,我将告诉他们真相,本题if引导的是一个虚拟的条件句,在虚拟句中,be用were,主句通常用过去的一种,will应该用would,故本题选B。

考点:if引导的虚拟条件句。

点评:在英文中条件句有两种,一种是真实的条件句,if后遇到将来时用一般现在时,一种是虚拟的条件句,if后用过去时,be用were,在英文的实际使用中应该注意它们的区别。

4.C

解析:C

【解析】

试题分析:根据语境可知此句的含义是如果我是你,我就不害怕。考查的是虚拟语气的基本用法。条件用过去时,主句要用过去将来时,故选C。

考点:虚拟语气

点评:虚拟语气其实就是if引导条件状语从句时,词义为“如果”,不过这个条件是无法实现的。从句中的谓语动词通常用一般过去时表示,则主句中的谓语动词用过去将来时。5.C

解析:C

【解析】

试题分析:根据题干,本句的意思应是“如果我是你,我将穿一件裙子。”“我”是不可能成为“你”,所以本句是一个虚拟语气。对于虚拟语气,从句应该用过去式(be动词,不论是第几人称,都用were),主句用would do。所以本题选C。

考点:本题考查虚拟语气。

点评:完成本题时注意区分虚拟语气和if引导的条件状语从句。虚拟语气是不可能发生的,是一种假设情况;而if引导的条件状语从句,是有可能发生的。如果不明白这两者的区别,就比较容易发错。

6.D

解析:D

【解析】

试题分析:if虚拟语气中,对现在的情况进行虚拟,从句谓语动词均用一般过去时(be动词用were),主句用would/should/could/might+do.句意:如果我再年轻十岁,我会参加钢琴课程并去上音乐大学。故选D.

考点:if条件状语从句的虚拟语气

点评:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,中考中有所涉及,但不常见。用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况:①与过去

事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。

7.C

解析:C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我会邀请他去看电影。go to see a movie去看电影;invite sb to do邀请某人做某事;在表达与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中,Be用were,主句用would。

考点:考查虚拟语气。

8.D

解析:D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:汤姆总是在英语练习中犯那么多的错误!—如果他能更细心一些,他就会犯更少的错误。

表示与现在事实相反的假设,If+主语+动词过去式(be动词用were),主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形。根据题意及句型,故选D。

考点:考查虚拟语气的用法。

9.C

解析:C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我就给他买一辆自行车。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,而不表示客观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。表示与现在事实相反,条件从句用一般过去时,be动词习惯用were,主句用should、could、would + 原形动词。故选C。

考点:考查虚拟语气。

10.D

解析:D

【解析】试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我不会那样做。本句是与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句,从句谓语用动词用过去式(be动词一般用were);主句用

should(would,could,might)+ 动词原形。故选D。

考点:虚拟条件句。

11.C

解析:C

【解析】

试题分析:

句意:---你能告诉我穿什么参加聚会吗?---如果我是你,我会穿蓝色的牛仔裤。本题考查的是虚拟条件句中主句和从句的时态问题。用if引导的虚拟条件句,虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设,其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were),主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形,例如:If I were in your position I would marry her.结合语境可知应选C。

考点:考查虚拟语态。

12.A

解析:A

【解析】

考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词的用法。根据句意可知,该句使用了虚拟语气,if引导的从句使用一般过去时,用were;give up后面接动词的现在分词。故选A。

13.D

解析:D

【解析】试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我会送她一些花。这是由if引导的一个虚拟语气句子,表示与现在事实相反的情况,其句型为“ if+ 主语 + 动词的过去式( be 动词用

were ),主语 +would / could / might / should + 动词原形”。故选D。

考点:考查虚拟语气的用法。

14.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:他的英语老师建议他每天听英文歌,他现在唱歌好多了。

考查宾语从句。由句中suggest 及句子结构分析可知是考查suggest that 引导的虚拟语气,结构为suggest that +主语+should do sth,其中that 和should 可以省略;因此第一空用主格he, 第二空填listen。故选A。

【点睛】

suggest 的用法一般有三种:1.suggest sb doing sth 意为“建议某人做某事”;2.suggest sth 建议某事。3. suggest that +主语+should do sth, 其中 that 和should 可以省略;没有suggest sb to do sth;这是易错点,做题时要注意。

15.B

解析:B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:如果我的母亲知道我英语考试成绩是50分,她会生气的。表示与现在事实相反的事实,该用一般过去时态,所以选B。

考点:考查虚拟语气。

16.C

解析:C

【解析】

试题分析:根据would rather +not+动词的原型,表示宁愿不做某事句意:因为我不相信你,所以我宁愿不告诉你这件事。Have a . pity 表示同情某人结合句意,故选C

考点:考查固定用法。

17.A

解析:A

【解析】句意:工人们坚持要求他们每天中午都有免费的午餐,老板必须这样做。考查虚拟语气。insist坚持,要求,其后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,跟虚拟式动词原形或者“should + 动词原形” 。结合句意和语境可知选A。

18.B

解析:B

【解析】句意“如果我不忙,我就跟你去”。本题考查对将来的虚拟语气。即“if+过去时,主语+should/would/could/might do”结构。故选B。

点睛:

19.A

解析:A

【解析】

句意“你本不应该看足球比赛,你有许多的工作要做”。本题考查虚拟语气,shouldn't have done本不该做……却做了。根据句意,故选A。

20.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:我不明白你是怎么得到罚单的。我一直以为你是一个谨慎的司机。考查动词时态辨析题。本句是虚拟语气,与过去事实相反,需用一般过去时;根据句意结构,可知选C。21.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:你超重了。你最好不要吃垃圾食品。我建议你多吃点蔬菜。

You’d better+动词原形,表示你最好做某事;You’d better+not+动词原形,表示你最好不要做某事;suggest+主语+should+动词原形,should可以省略,I suggest+主语+动词原形。根据题意,故选B。

22.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:空气污染越来越糟糕。政府建议人们乘地铁或者乘公交车去上班。

考查谓语动词。A. go 去;B. goes 去;C. going 在去;D. to go 为了去。这是一个that引导的宾语从句,suggest后跟的宾语从句应用虚拟语气(should)do结构,should可省略。故选A。

23.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——我应该在考试中更加小心。——很遗憾,你没有。

考查对过去情况的推测。根据上句“should +现在完成时”是对过去情况的推测,I should have been more careful in the exam.的意思是你(过去)应该更细心些(实际不够细心),这说明我已经做了什么不恰当的事情,而这件事情现在产生了不良的影响,此空应填过去时态,故排除B和D;根据careful是形容词,表示状态,此空应填were not,故排除A,故选C。

24.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——他建议他的朋友现在就飞往北京。——我认为这是一个好建议。

考查时态及名词。should fly情态动词+动词原形;advice建议,不可数名词;will fly一般将来时;suggestion建议,可数名词;flies动词三单;fly动词原形;根据“suggests that”及“right now”可知第一空是虚拟语气,用“(should)do”,排除A、C;根据“a good”可推测出第二空是可数名词“suggestion”,故选D。

25.B

解析:B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:如果今天是星期天,我将不去上学。虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中,可以表示与现在事实相反的假设,条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be动词用were)”,而主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。如:1.If I were you, I would join the army. 2.If she had time, she should go with you.。由句意可知选B。

考点: 考查虚拟语气的用法。

虚拟语气知识点总结和练习

虚拟语气语法总结 虚拟语气主要指的的是带有非真实条件状语从句的复合句,表达的是说话人的遗憾后悔的语气,愿望以及建议,命令,要求等等的情感,往往说的是与事实相反或者没办法实现改变的东西。虚拟语气主要表现为在对过去现在或者将来的情况做出假设后,有可能出现的情况。 虚拟语气的内容主要有三大模块 1.虚拟条件句 第一模块就是涉及到条件从句部分的内容。这一部分的虚拟语气主要体现在三个方面:基本用法,各自为政,以及含蓄之美。 下表就是条件从句虚拟语气的基本用法: 通常,在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式,从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的,如果两者时间不一致,此时就是混合型虚拟语气。混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”,即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同,采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。 如何“各自为政”呢?这就像是数学里的排列组合,一边有三种情况,交叉一搭配就出现了好多种情况。不管怎样,我们要遵循一个原则,就是“各自为政”。例如,从句是对过去情况的假设,而主句则是对现在情况的假设,那我们在使用时,从句就用过去完成式,而主句要用would/could do的形式。当然,也不是所有的AB配就是合理的,有时候在具体语境下,会出现矛盾的情况,这时我们就要结合要表达的意思来判断他们是对什么情况的假设,选择合适的形式。一般而言,主句的假设时间会发生在从句的假设时间之后。因为是有这么一个条件才会出现主句的现状。因此在此类的完成句子练习中,我们要特别提醒注意时间状语的暗示 1. If I had seen you, I would not be so worried now. (从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)

上海牛津英语6B易错题

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