2 航海仪器（314题）
2.1 雷达及ARPA操作（71）
1.（2-40）__________ is a piece of equipment used to detect the presence of ships, buoys,
coast and many other targets and to obtain range and bearing of these targets.
A. The marine sextant
B. The chronometer
C. The echo sounder
D. The radar
答案：D
解析：雷达是用于探测船舶、浮标、海岸和许多其它物标存在的仪器，并测取这些物标的距离和方位。
2.（2-42）The officer of the watch should use radar when appropriate and at all times in
______ waters.
A. congesting
B. congested
C. congestion
D. congest
答案：B
解析：值班驾驶员应在合适时及拥挤水域应一直使用雷达。
3.（2-12）Radar makes it possible and much safer for us to sail ______.
A. In dense fog
B. In boisterous weather
C. In the open sea
D. In rivers
答案：A
解析：雷达使得我们在浓雾中航行成为可能并更加安全。
4.（5-137）In dense fog a vessel without operational radar may not be justified ______ at all
but should anchor if it is safe and practicable for her to do so．
A．to be underway
B．on under way condition
C．to stop engine
D．in being under way
答案：D
解析：在浓雾中没有可使用雷达的船舶根本没有理由在航而是应抛锚，如果抛锚对她来说安全可行的话。
5.（5-138）In restricted visibility the speed of a vessel without operational radar may be
______ enable effective avoiding action to be taken on sighting another ship．
A. too low to
B. too high to
C. too high for
D. too low for
答案：A
解析：能见度不良中，没有可使用雷达的船舶可能太慢而不能对看到的他船采取有效的避碰。
6.（2-130）It is dangerous for vessels without the use of radar______the estuary.
A.to get
B.to approach
C.to proceed
D.to close
答案：B
解析：不使用雷达的船靠近河口是很危险的。
7.（2-144）When your vessel is proceeding to the area of traffic density，______ is used to
determine the exact ranges of other ships or objects in the vicinity.
A. Radar
B. GPS
C. DF.
D. Satellite Navigator
答案：A
解析：当你船航行至交通密集区时，使用雷达来确定附近船只或物标的确切距离。
8.（2-247）Marine radars are used to measure ________ of ships to prevent collision with other
ships, to navigate and to fix their position at sea when within range of shore.
A .the course
B .the speed C. the bearing and distance D. the distance of advance
答案：C
解析：航海雷达用于测量船舶的方位和距离，以防止碰撞、导航，以及当岸在其量程以内时定位。
9.（2-46）The common way to obtain your ship?s position is ______.
A. keeping a close watch and lookout
B. taking a radar range and bearing
C. observing a radar target and listening to signals
D. keeping a well clear caution
答案：B
解析：获得船位的通常方法是测取雷达距离与方位。
10.Marine radar range accuracy is generally______.
A. Low
B. High
C. Unstable
D. Very low
答案：B
解析：船用雷达测距精度一般很高。
11.（2-4）Radar makes the most accurate determination of the ______.
A. direction of target
B. distance of target
C. size of a target
D. shape of a target
答案：B
解析：雷达使物标距离的测定最为精确。
12.（2-28）Without doubt the radar is a highly important navigation aid. But duty officer shall
aware that_____when using it.
A.Its range reading is more accurate than its bearing reading
B.A low-lying coastline with a long, flat beach will show up properly on the radar
C.Radar is only aimed at collision avoidance.
D.The use of radar is necessary only when visibility is restricted.
答案：A
解析：毫无疑问雷达是一种非常重要的助航设备。但是值班驾驶员在使用的时候应该注意到它的距离读数比方位读数要精确。
13.What is the purpose of VRM control?
A. To measure distance accurately
B. To measure bearing accurately
C. To measure range accurately
D. To adjust radar monitor
答案：A
解析：VRM控制的用途是什么？使测距更为精确。
14.The minimum range at which a target can be detected is basically determined by which of the
following?
A. persistence
B. pulse repetition rate
C. pulse length
D. rotation rate
答案：C
解析：探测目标的最小量程主要取决于：脉冲宽度。
15.（2-3）There is something wrong with our radar. All kinds of objects can?t be clearly ____
within the definite range.
A.shown
B. expressed
C. appeared
D. Displayed
答案：A
解析：我们的雷达有一些问题，所有类型的物标都不能被清楚地显示在预定的量程以内。
16.（2-7）______ typically extends from close as 0.1 nautical miles out to 32 NM.
A. EBL
B. VRM
C. CRT
D. target tracking range
答案：D
解析：典型的物标跟踪距离从0.1海里向外延伸到32海里。
17.（2-6）______ is not a job of the radar antenna.
A. To receive the high-frequency pulses from the transmitter
B. To focus the pulses into a beam，and send them into space
C. To pick up reflected pulses coming from objects that have been struck by the beam
D. To reflect microwaves
答案：A
解析：接收从发射机发出的高频脉冲不是雷达天线的功能。（发射时，不能接收。教材答案错）
18.（2-249）When hitting a solid object such as a ship or an airplane,the radar waves are
reflected back ____ they came.
A. in the way
B. the way
C. by the way
D. through the path
答案：D
解析：当雷达波扫到固体目标，如船舶或飞机，雷达波将沿着原来路径被反射回来。
19.Which one of the followings does not limit the effective range of radar?
A. Pulse width
B. Pulse repetition frequency
C. Peak power
D. Target brightness
答案：D
解析：哪一个不会限制雷达的有效量程？物标亮度。
20.（2-2）_____ is in the panel of radar.
A. KEYLOCK
B. REPEATER
C. STATIC INVERTER
D. ANTI-CLUTTER-SEA
答案：D
解析：海浪干扰抑制在雷达的操作面板上。
21.（2-18）The radar control that reduces weak echoes out to a limited distance from the ship is
the ______.
A. sensitivity time control（sea-clutter control）
B. receiver gain control
C. brilliance control
D. fast time constant（differentiator）
答案：A
解析：一种能在距船舶一定范围内减少微弱回波丢失的雷达控制称为灵敏度时间控制。
22.（2-19）The radar control used to reduce sea return at close ranges is the ______.
A. Gain control
B. Sensitivity time control
C. Fast time constant
D. Pulse length control
答案：B
解析：用于减少近距离内海浪回波的雷达控制是灵敏度时间控制。
23.（2-45）Usually use the FTC control of a radar ______.
A. making a landfall
B. to test the radar receiver
C. during rain or snow
D. when crossing the 180th meridian
答案：C
解析：雷达控制中FTC的通常在雨雪期间使用。
24.（2-14）SWEEP INT on radar panel is the abbreviation of ______.
A. sweep introduction
B. sweep interest
C. sweep intention
D. sweep intensity
答案：D
解析：雷达面板上“SWEEP INT”是扫描强度的缩写。
25.（2-11）PPI is ______.
A. a plan-position indicator system
B. pulse-plan integration
C. pulse-pulse input
D. power-plan input
答案：A
解析：PPI是平面位置显示系统。
26.（2-16）The correct method of switching off a marine radar is to turn power switch to ______
position first，then to ______ position.
A. Off/standby
B. Standby/off
C. Standby/close
D. Close/standby
答案：B
解析：关闭雷达的正确方法是先把开关打到备用状态，然后到关闭状态。
27.（2-20）The radio waves used for radar are very short，only ______ long.
A. A few centimeters
B. A few fathoms
C. A few meters
D. A few feet
答案：A
解析：雷达使用的无线电波波长非常短，仅有几厘米长。
28.（2-245）The 10-cm radar as compared to a 3-cm radar of similar specifications will ______.
A. be more suitable for river and harbor navigation
B. provide better range performance on low lying targets during good weather and calm seas
C. have a wider horizontal beam width
D. have more sea return during rough sea conditions
答案：C
解析：10厘米的雷达与3厘米的雷达相比：水平波束宽度更宽。
29.（2-35）How to reduce beam width distortion?（新题：Beam width distortion can be reduced
by ______.）
A. Adjust centre position
B. Adjust brilliance
C. Adjust heading marker
D. Reduce gain
答案：D
解析：怎样减少波束宽度的失真？减少增益。
30.（2-43）Coral atolls, or a chain of islands at right angles to the radar beam, may show as a
long line rather than as individual targets due to ______.
A. the effects of beam width
B. limitations on range resolution
C. the pulse length of the radar
D. the multiple-target resolution factor
答案：A
解析：与雷达波束成直角的珊瑚礁、岛链，可能在雷达上显示为一条长线而不是一些单独的物标，原因是：波束宽度。
31.（2-228）A navigator fixing a vessel?s position by radar_________.
A. should never use radar bearings
B. should only use radar bearings when the range exceeds the distance to the horizon
C. can use radar information from one object to fix the position
D. must use information from targets forward of the beam
答案：C
解析：海员利用雷达定位：可以使用一个目标的信息进行定位。
32.（2-24）Which condition indicates that your radar needs maintenance ________.
A. Serrated range rings
B. Indirect echoes
C. Multiple echoes
D. Blind sector
答案：A
解析：哪种条件表示你的雷达需要维护？锯齿形测距圈。
33.（2-26）You have another ship overtaking you close aboard to starboard. You have 3 radar
targets bearing 090，1 mile，and 1.5 miles. In this case，the unwanted echoes are called ______.
A. Multiple echoes
B. Spoking
C. Indirect echoes
D. Side-lobe echoes
答案：A
解析：有船从右舷追越你船。你发现090度有三个物标的雷达回波，1海里和1.5海里，这种情况下，多余的回波称之为多重回波。
34.（5-18）If there is any doubt as to the proper operation of a radar，which statement is TRUE
________.
A. Only a radar expert can determine if the radar is operating
B. All radars have indicator lights and alarms to signal improper operation
C. A radar range compared to the actual range of a known object can be used to check the operation of the radar
D. The radar resolution detector must be energized to check the radar
答案：C
解析：如对雷达的正常工作有任何怀疑，哪句是对的？通过比对已知物标的雷达距离和实际距离来检查雷达的操作。
35.（2-131）It may be found that，in certain circumstances，Radar Beacon can cause unwanted
interference particularly ______.
A. at close range
B. at end on situation
C. at head on situation
D. at crossing situation
答案：A
解析：人们发现在某些情况下，雷达信标可能产生多余的干扰，尤其是近距离。
36.（2-25）Which general statement concerning radar is FALSE ________.
A. Raising the antenna height increases the radar range
B. The ability of radar to detect objects is unaffected by weather conditions
C. Radar bearings are less accurate than radar ranges
D. Radar should be checked regularly during clear weather to ensure that it is operating properly
答案：B
解析：有关雷达下列哪句是错误的？雷达探测物标的能力不受天气条件影响。
37.（2-26）Your radar is set on a true motion display. Which of the following will NOT appear
to move across the PPI scope?
A.Echoes from a buoy
B.Own ship's marker
C. Echo from a ship on the same course at the same speed
D. Echo from a ship on a reciprocal course at the same speed
答案：A
解析：你船雷达为真运动显示，PPI显示器上是不动的？浮筒的回波。
38.15. Your radar is set on a true motion display. Which of the following will NOT appear to
move across the PPI scope?
A. Own ship's marker
B.Echoes from an isle
C. Echo from a ship on the same course at the same speed
D. Echo from a ship on a reciprocal course at the same speed
答案：B
解析：你船雷达为真运动显示，PPI显示器上是不动的？小岛的回波。
39.（2-48）A radar display in which North is always at the top of the screen is a（n）______.
A. Unstabilized display
B. Stabilized display
C. Composition display
D. Relative display
答案：B
解析：北总是显示在雷达屏幕顶部的显示方式是稳定显示。
40.（2-22）When the relative motion display is selected all tracked objects will display ______
vectors.
A. motion
B. stationary
C. dynamical
D. flashing
答案：A
解析：选择相对运动显示模式时，所有的被跟踪物标将会显示运动矢量。
41.（2-5）You are using a radar in which your own ship is shown at the center, and the heading
flash always points to 0 degree, If bearings are measured in relation to the flash, what type of bearings are produced? ______.
A. Relative
B. True
C. Compass
D. Magnetic
答案：A
解析：你正在使用雷达，本船位于荧光屏中心并且船首线总是指向0度。如果相对于船首线测方位，那么得到的方位是相对方位。
42.You have been observing your radar screen and notice that a contact on the screen has
remained in the same position, relative to you, for several minutes. Your vessel is making 10 knots through the water. Which statement is TRUE?
A. The contact is dead in the water
B. The contact is on the same course and speed as your vessel
C. The contact is on a reciprocal course at the same speed as your vessel
D. The radar is showing false echoes and is probably defective
答案：B
解析：你在观测雷达屏幕，并注意到一个目标在同一位置相对于你船，保持了几分钟，你船相对于水的速度是10节，描述正确的：目标与你船同向同速。
43.There is a possibility that small vessel，ice and other floating objects may not be ______ by
radar at an adequate range.
A. reflect
B. shown
C. detected
D. defected.
答案：C
解析：有一种可能性：小船、浮冰、以及其他的漂浮物在量程大时，有可能不被雷达探测到。
44.Which statement concerning the operation of radar in fog is TRUE?
A. Radar ranges are less accurate in fog.
B. Navigation buoys will always show up on radar.
C. A sandy beach will show up clearer on radar than a rocky cliff.
D. Small wooden boats may not show up on radar.
答案：D
解析：关于雾中使用雷达的正确描述：木制小艇可能无法在雷达上显示。
45.（2-36）What course should be fed into a stabilized radar picture?
A. Compass course
B. Gyro course
C. True course
D. Course made good
答案：C
解析：输入稳定雷达图像的航行应为真航向。
46.（2-15）The closest point of approach（CPA）of a contact on a relative motion radar may be
determined ______.
A. Immediately when the contact is noted on radar
B. Only if the radar scope is watched constantly
C. After the contact has been marked at least twice
D. By an occasional glance at the radar
答案：C
解析：在相对运动显示的雷达屏幕上，最近会遇点要经过至少两次标注后才能确定。
47.（2-38）How does current and drift effect the relative motion, relative vector presentation?
A. No effect
B. Producing small errors in calculated aspect
C. Producing large errors in calculated aspect
D. Produce errors in calculated CAP/TCPA
答案：A
解析：海流和漂流是怎样影响相对运动，相对矢量显示的？没有影响。
48.（2-39）Does current and drift effect the CPA/TCPA calculations on a true motion display?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Only a little bit
D. Yes, very seriously
答案：B
解析：海流和漂流在真运动显示上影响CPA/TCPA的计算吗？没有影响。
49.（2-8）Although manual plotting for CPA works well，the workload can become
overwhelming when confronted with ______.
A. one target
B. two targets
C. three targets
D. a large number of targets
答案：D
解析：虽然人工标绘最近会遇点很有用，然而面临大量物标，工作量会负荷过大。
50.AREAS WHICH CANNOT BE SCANNED BY THE RADAR OF THE VESSELBECAUSE
THEY ARE SHIELDED BY PARTS OF ITS SUPERSTRUCTURE, MASTS, ETC means ______.
A. Blind sectors
B. Sheltered area
C. Unseen area
D. Unscanable area
答案：A
解析：由于被船上建筑物，桅杆等遮蔽而不能被船上雷达扫描到的区域是盲区。
51.（2-17）The development of ______ led to the fully automatic ARPA systems installed on
commercial ships.
A. SeaTalk
B. powerful microprocessors and mega memory capacity
C. chartplotter
D. small-scale chart
答案：B
解析：强大的微处理器和兆存储容量的发展使自动化的ARPA系统在商船上得以全面安装。
52.（2-211）Which of the following is not the function of ARPA?
A. Provide the true or relative motion of radar presentation.
B. Provide automatic acquisition of targets plus manual acquisition.
C. Provide the cargo information of the other vessels.
D. Provide digital read-out of acquired targets.
答案：C
解析：以下哪一个不是ARPA的功能？提供其他船舶的货物信息。
53.（2-23）When using the ARPA in heavy rain，which action should you take ________.
A. Increase the radar gain to pick up weak echoes through the rain
B. Increase the STC setting to reduce close-in spurious signals
C. Navigate as though the effective range of the radar has been reduced
D. Increase the range of the inner and outer guard rings
答案：C
解析：在大雨中使用ARPA时，你应该采取什么措施？通过减少雷达有效范围来航行。54.（2-41）Which ARPA data should you use in order to determine if a close quarterssituation
will develop with a target vessel?
A. Set and drift of the current
B. Relative track information
C. Predicted time of CPA
D. Initial range of acquisition
答案：B
解析：为确定是否与目标船形成紧迫局面，应使用哪种ARPA数据？相对航迹信息。
55.（2-229）Your ARPA has two guard zones, what is the purpose of the inner guard zone?
A.Alert the watch officer that a vessel is approaching the preset CPA limit
B. Warn of small targets that are initially detected closer than the outer guard zone
C.Guard against target loss during critical maneuvering situations
D. Sound an alarm for targets first detected within the zone
答案：B
解析：你船ARPA有两个警戒区，内圈的作用：首次被探测到时比外圈近的小物标的报警。
56.The ARPA may swap targets when automatically tracking if two targets ______.
A. are tracked on reciprocal bearings
B. are tracked at the same range
C. are tracked on the same bearing
D. pass close together
答案：D
解析：ARPA可能交换目标，当跟踪两个很接近的物标时。
57.（2-37）What is the correct speed input to an ARPA used for traffic surveillance?
A. Ground speed
B. Speed through water
C. Speed from GPS
D. Speed from Doppler
答案：B
解析：用于交通监察的ARPA所需的正确的输入速度是什么？对水速度。
58.The fitting of an efficient radar reflector is likely to consider ably increase the ship?s
probability of ______.
A. detection
B. being detected
C. the detective
D. the detected
答案：B
解析：有效的雷达反射器装置很可能增加船舶被探测到的可能性。
59.（2-34）What is the purpose of the radar reflector?
A. Making objects less visible
B. Making echoes weaker on the radar
C. Making large echoes smailer
D. Making small objects better visible
答案：D
解析：雷达反射器的用途是什么？使小物标更清晰。
60.（2-13）Radar reflectors are required for ______.
A. all fishing vessels over 39 feet in length
B. sail-propelled fishing vessels
C. all fishing vessels of less than 200 GT
D. wooden hull fishing vessels with a poor radar echo
答案：D
解析：雷达反射器对于雷达反射回波弱的木质船体渔船来说是需要的。
61.（2-30）What does a Racon help with?
A.Measuring the distance
B.Measuring the relative speed
C.Identifying a vessel
D.Identifying a seamark
答案：D
解析：雷达信标能帮助做什么？识别航标。
62.（2-31）How is an uncoded racon displayed on the PPI?
A. As a line
B. As a dot
C. As small circle
D. As a large circle
答案：A
解析：未经编码的雷达信标在PPI上显示为什么？一条直线。
63.（2-33）What is a coded racon?
A. A racon which automatically activate itself
B. A racon only work at night
C. A racon which display a morse code on the radar screen
D. A future racon expected to be operational after Y2000
答案：C
解析：什么是编码雷达信标？在雷达屏幕上显示摩尔斯码的雷达信标。
64.（2-29）As for Racon,which one is incorrect in the following?
A.Racon is a radar transponder.
B.Racon is often installed on major waypoints.
C.When activated by a radar signal, the Racon sends it back with an identifier
D.Racon can be used to take place of radar
答案：D
解析：关于雷达信标，下列哪项是不正确的？雷达信标能用来取代雷达。
65.Radar beacons are transmitters designed to produce a _____ on the screens of ship?s radar
sets.
A. incorrect image
B. distinctive image
C. pictorial image
D. pictographic image
答案：B
解析：雷达信标是设计能够在船舶雷达装置上产生独特图像的发射器。
66.（2-32）What type of radar can activate a racon?
A. X-band radar
B. S-band radar
C. C-band radar
D. No radar can
答案：A
解析：什么类型的雷达能激活雷达信标？X波段的雷达。
67.（2-203）In order to insure that the racon signal is visible on your 3 cm radar, the ______.
A. 10 cmradar should be placed on standby or turned off
B. gain control should be turned to maximum
C. radar should be stabilized, head up
D. rain clutter control should be off but, if necessary, may be on low
答案：D
解析：为确保雷康信号能在3cm雷达上显示，雨雪干扰抑制旋钮应该关闭，必须用的话也应降低。
68.In order to insure that a RACON signal is displayed on the radar, you should ______.
A. increase the brilliance of the PPI scope
B. turn off the interference controls on the radar
C. use the maximum available range setting
D. increase the radar signal output
答案：B
解析：为了确保雷达信标信号在3厘米波雷达上被显示，你应关闭雷达上的干扰控制。
69.What would most likely prevent a SART's signal from being detected?
A. Signal absorption by the ionosphere
B. Heavy sea swells
C. The rescue personnel were monitoring the 10-cm radar
D. The rescue personnel were monitoring the 3-cm radar
答案：C
解析：哪个最能阻止SART信号被探测到？搜救人员使用10cm雷达。
70.（2-195）As to the speed of radiowave and soundwave, which is faster?
A. Radiowave
B. Soundwave
C. The same
D. Cannot compare
答案：A
解析：无线电波与声波的速度相比较，哪个更快？无线电波。
71.The speed of radio is ______ than that of sound waves.
A.sameas
B.lower
C.higher
D.sometimeslower
答案：C
解析：无线电波的速度高于声波的速度。
2.2 磁罗经与陀螺罗经操作（43）
1.（2-97）Any piece of metal on becoming magnetized will develop regions of concentrated
magnetism called ______.
A. flux
B. poles
C. magnets
D. azimuth
答案：B
解析：任意一块金属磁化时将会形成被称为磁极的磁密集区。
2.（2-98）By convention，the north seeking ends of a compass' magnets are colored ______.
A. Black
B. Blue
C. Red
D. White
答案：C
解析：根据惯例，罗经磁铁的指北极涂成红色。
3.（2-111）This induced magnetism ______ the permanent magnetism already present in the
ship.
A. will add to
B. will subtract from
C. may add to or subtract from
D. will not change
答案：C
解析：感应磁性可以使船舶已存在的永久磁性增加或减少。
4.（2-109）The line which connects the points of zero magnetic dip is ______.
A. An agonic line
B. The magnetic equator
C. A magnetic meridian
D. All of the above
答案：B
解析：磁倾角为零的点的连线是磁赤道。
5.（4-10）The points on the earth's surface where the magnetic dip is 90° are ______.
A. Along the magnetic equator
B. Connected by the isoclinal line
C. The isopors
D. The magnetic poles
答案：D
解析：地球表面哪些点磁倾角是90度？磁极。
6.（2-114）What is an advantage of the magnetic compass aboard vessels ________.
A. Compass error is negligible at or near the earth's magnetic poles
B. It does not have to be checked as often
C. It is reliable due to it's essential simplicity
D. All points on the compass rose are readily visible
答案：C
解析：船用磁罗经的优点：由于其绝对的简单性而可靠。
7.Despite the rising importance and great convenience of the gyrocompass , the magnetic
compass still retains its importance because of its ____.
A. great convenience
B. finding true north
C. magnetic characteristics
D. simplicity and reliability
答案：D
解析：尽管陀螺罗经变得重要且很方便，磁罗经仍然保留，因为其简单且可靠。
8.（2-115）What is the basic principle of the magnetic compass ________.
A. Magnetic materials of the same polarity repel each other and those of opposite polarity attract.
B. The Earth's magnetic lines of force are parallel to the surface of the Earth.
C. Magnetic meridians connect points of equal magnetic variation
D. The compass needle（s）will，when properly compensated，lie parallel to the isogonic lines of the Earth
答案：A
解析：磁罗经的基本原理是磁性材料同性相斥异性相吸。
9.（2-112）Variation in a compass is caused by ______.
A. Worn gears in the compass housing
B. Magnetism from the earth's magnetic field
C. Magnetism within the vessel
D. Lack of oil in the compass bearings
答案：B
解析：罗经差是由地球磁场的磁性引起的。
10.（2-105）The angular difference between the true meridian (great circle connecting the
geographic poles) and the magnetic meridian (direction of the lines of magnetic flux) is called ____.
A. deviation
B. variation
C. error
D. difference
答案：B
解析：真子午线与磁子午线之间的角度是磁差。
11.（2-230）Variation is defined as the angle _______.
A. between the direction of true (geographic) north and the direction of the meridian between the
magnetic poles
B. between the magnetic north and vessel?s course
C. between the vessel?s heading and the magnetic north
D. between the compass north and the magnetic north
答案：A
解析：磁差是：真北与磁子午线之间的夹角。
12.（2-51）Variation is a compass error that you ______.
A. can correct by adjusting the compass card
B. can correct by adjusting the compensating magnets
C. can correct by changing the vessel?s heading
D. cannot correct
答案：D
解析：磁差是无法校正的罗经差。
13.（2-103）Magnetic variation changes with a change in ______.
A. the vessel's heading
B. sea conditions
C. seasons
D. the vessel's position
答案：D
解析：磁差随着船舶的位置变化而变化。
14.（2-231）The annual change in _______is 0.2degree.
A. magnetic variation
B. marine insurance
C. maritime accident
D. mean high water spring
答案：A
解析：磁差的年差是0.2度。
15.（2-52）The principal purpose of adjustment of the magnetic compass is to eliminate ______
as far as possible.
A. variation
B. compass error
C. deviation
D. earth's magnetic force
答案：C
解析：磁罗经校正的主要目的是尽可能消除自差。
16.（2-108）The error in a magnetic compass caused by the vessel's magnetism is called
______.
A. Variation
B. Deviation
C. Compass error
D. Bearing error
答案：B
解析：由于船舶磁场导致的磁罗经误差称为自差。
17.Deviation is caused by___.
A. changes in the earth?s magnetic field.
B. nearby magnetic land masses or mineral deposits.
C. magnetic influence inherent to that particular vessel.
D. the magnetic lines of force not coinciding with the lines of longitude.
答案：C
解析：自差是由船舶固有的磁性引起的。
18.（2-49）Magnetic heading differs from compass heading by _______.
A. compass error
B. true heading
C. variation
D. deviation
答案：D
解析：磁航向不同于罗航向是由于自差。
19.（2-95）Deviation is the angle between the ______.
A. true meridian and the axis of the compass card
B. true meridian and the magnetic meridian
C. magnetic meridian and the axis of the compass card
D. axis of the compass card and the degaussing meridian
答案：C
解析：自差是磁子午线和罗经卡轴线的夹角。
20.（2-107）The difference between magnetic heading and compass heading is called ______.
A. Variation
B. Deviation
C. Compass error
D. Drift
答案：B
解析：在磁航向与罗航向的夹角称为自差。
21.（2-199）Deviation changes with a change in ______.
A. Latitude
B. Heading
C. Longitude
D. Sea conditions
答案：B
解析：自差是随着船首向的变化而变化的。
22.（2-99）If a ship is proceeding towards the magnetic equator，the uncorrected deviation due
to permanent magnetism ______.
A. Increases
B. Remains the same
C. Decreases
D. Is unimportant and may be neglected
答案：C
解析：如果船舶向磁赤道航行，由于永久磁性导致的未经修正的自差会减少。
23.（2-94）If the magnetic heading is greater than the compass heading，the deviation is ______.
A. east
B. west
C. north
D. south
答案：A
解析：如果磁航向大于罗经航向，自差为东。
24.（2-50）Compass error is equal to the ______.
A. deviation minus variation
B. Variation plus compass course
C. combined variation and deviation
D. difference between true and magnetic heading
答案：C
解析：罗经差等于磁差加上自差。
25.（2-53）If a magnetic compass is not affected by any magnetic field other than the Earth's，
which statement is TRUE?
A. Compass error and variation are equal
B. Compass north will be true north
C. Variation will equal deviation
D. There will be no compass error
答案：A
解析：如果磁罗经没有受到任何磁场的影响除了地球磁场，哪句是对的？罗经差和磁差相等。
26.（2-106）The compass error of a magnetic compass that has no deviation is ______.
A. Zero
B. Equal to variation
C. Eliminated by adjusting the compass
D. Constant at any geographical location
答案：B
解析：在没有自差的情况下，磁罗经的罗经差等于磁差。
27.（2-116）Which one of the followings is incorrect about magnetic compass?
A.The magnetic compass is compulsory on my vessel
B.The magnetic compass is prone to error
C.The magnetic compass is always placed inside steel constructions
D.The magnetic compass needs to be calibrated to compensate for local magnetic distortion 答案：C
解析：关于磁罗经下面哪项是不正确的？磁罗经总是放在刚性结构物内。
28.（2-54）Which would influence a magnetic compass ________.
A. Electrical wiring
B. Iron pipe
C. Radio
D. All of the above
答案：D
解析：什么会影响磁罗经？电线，钢管及无线电。
29.（2-113）What are the only magnetic compass correctors that correct for both permanent and
induced effects of magnetism ________.
A. Quadrantal spheres
B. Heeling magnets
C. Athwartships magnets
D. Fore-and-aft magnets
答案：B
解析：只有哪种磁罗经校正器对永久磁性和感应磁性都能进行校正？倾差校正磁铁。
30.（2-125）A single vertical magnet placed underneath the compass in the binnacle is used to
compensate for ______.
A. The horizontal component of the permanent magnetism
B. Deviation caused by the vessel's inclination from the vertical
C. Induced magnetism in the horizontal soft iron
D. Induced magnetism in the vertical soft iron
答案：B
解析：罗经柜中罗经下面的单个垂直磁棒是用来抵消船舶倾斜导致的自差。
31.（2-128）Deviation which is maximum on intercardinal compass headings may be removed
by the ______.
A. Flinders bar
B. Transverse magnets
C. Fore-and-aft magnets
D. Soft iron spheres on the sides of the compass
答案：D
解析：罗经两边的软铁球也许可以消除象限点航向的最大自差值。
32.（8-111）When an azimuth of the Sun has been taken and the deviation of the standard
magnetic compass computed，the watch officer should record the results ______.
A. in the vessel's Official Logbook
B. on the compass deviation card
C. in the compass deviation log
D. on a Napier diagram
答案：C
解析：测定太阳方位且已经计算标准罗经的自差时，值班驾驶员应将结果记入：自差记录簿。
33.（2-57）Before sailing, mariners on duty shall check the headings of magnetic compass by
comparison with _____.
A. ship?s clock
B. engine movement recorder
C. repeaters
D. navigation lights
答案：C
解析：开航前，值班船员应通过比对分罗经来检查磁罗经航向。
34.54. ______ the repeater compass with the master compass，please.
A. Similize
B. Clock
C. Synchronize
D. Position
答案：C
解析：调整分罗经与主罗经同步。
35.（2-100）Indications of the master gyrocompass are sent to remote repeaters by the ______.
A. Follow-up system
B. Transmitter
C. Phantom element
D. Azimuth motor
答案：B
解析：主罗经的显示通过航向同步发射机发送给远处的分罗经。
36.（2-101）At the master gyrocompass，the compass card is attached to the ______.
A. Spider element
B. Sensitive element
C. Link arm
D. Pickup transformer
答案：B
解析：在陀螺罗经主罗经中，罗经盘附属于灵敏元件。
37.（2-56）Before switching on gyro-compass, you should make sure that the power supply on
board is ______.
A. high or low
B. AC or DC
C. strong or weak
D. on or off
答案：B
解析：在打开陀螺罗经前，你应确保船舶供电是交流电或直流电。
38.（2-93）Which one of the following is correct regarding the use of gyrocompass?
A. gyrocompass does not have to be started before sailing
B. gyrocompass must be stopped when vessel alongside a berth
C. gyrocompass needs to be checked from time to time
D. gyrocompass is not influenced by the latitude and ship?s motion
答案：C
解析：下列关于陀螺罗经使用哪句是正确的？陀螺罗经需要时不时的检查。
39.（2-238）The indicated heading should not be relied on_____.
A. until the gyrocompass has settled
B. until the …Ready? lamp will be lit
C. when the alarm is generated
D. when the red …Power? lamp on the RCU illuminates.
答案：A
解析：指示的航向在电罗经稳定前不可靠。
40.（2-55）My gyro-compass error is ______.
A. east two degree
B. two degrees east
C. two east degrees
D. two-degrees
答案：B
解析：我船陀螺罗经差为偏东2°。
41.（2-58）If the gyrocompass error is east，what describes the error and the correction to be
made to gyrocompass headings to obtain true headings ________.
A. The readings are too low（small numerically）and the amount of the error must be added to
the compass to obtain true
B. The readings are too low and the amount of the error must be subtracted from the compass to obtain true
C. The readings are too high（large numerically）and the amount of the error must be added to
the compass to obtain true
D. The readings are too high and the amount of the error must be subtracted from the
compass to obtain true
答案：A
解析：如果陀螺罗经误差偏东，如何利用误差来校正陀螺罗经航向以获得准确航向？罗经读数太低，误差值应加到罗经读数上以得到准确值。
42.（2-96）Quadrantal error in a gyrocompass has its greatest effect ______.
A. in high latitudes
B. near the equator
C. on north or south headings
D. on intercardinal headings
答案：D
解析：陀螺罗经的象限误差对象限点航向影响最大。
43.（2-124）A compass card without north-seeking capability that is used for relative bearings is
a（n）______.
A. Bearing circle
B. Pelorus
C. Bearing bar
D. Alidade
答案：B
解析：用于相对方位角测量的没有指北功能的罗经盘是哑罗盘。
2.3 ECDIS操作（19）
1.（2-198）What does ECDIS stand for?
A. Electrical Chart Display and Indication System
B. Electronic Chart Display and Information System
C. Electric Chart Display and Informing System
D. Electronic Chart Display and Indicating System
答案：B
解析：ECDIS表示什么？电子海图显示和信息系统。
2.An electronic chart system meeting IMO specifications for complying with chart carrying
requirements is an _______.
A. E-Navigation
B. Integrated Bridge System
C. Electronic Chart system
D. Electronic Chart Display and Information System
答案：D
解析：满足IMO关于配备海图要求的一种电子海图系统是ECDIS。
3.（2-204）Electronic Chart Display and information System can assist the mariner in_______.
A. voyage plan
B. Stability calculate
C. calculate ETA
D. monitor strength
答案：A
解析：ECDIS能帮助海员设计航线。
4._______ is primarily intended to help the mariner with the route planning and monitoring.
A. ECDIS
B. VDR
C. AIS
D. GNSS
答案：A
解析：电子海图主要用于帮助海员设计航线并监控。
5.The primary function of the ECDIS is _______.
A. display all chart information
B. contribution to safe navigation
C. facilitate simple and reliable updating of the electronic navigational charts
D. comply with regulations
答案：C
解析：ECDIS的主要功能是：有助于安全航行。
6.（2-234）If the electronic chart is part of an ECDIS, it must display the minimum data
required by IMO/ IHO, to include all of the following EXCEPT ______.
A. hydrography
B. aids to navigation
C. tidal current
D. regulatory boundaries
答案：C
解析：如果电子海图是ECDIS一部分，则必须显示IMO/ IHO要求的最低数据，除了：潮流。（文章节选）
7.（2-227）ECDIS incorporating digital data chart is _________.
A. vector only
B. vector and raster chart
C. raster only
D. Neither A nor C
答案：B
解析：包含电子数据海图的ECDIS是矢量和光栅图。
8.（2-237）ECDIS must be able to perform all of the following EXCEPT_______.
A. determine true bearing and distance between two geographical points
B. determine magnetic compass deviation
C. transform a local datum to the WGS-84 datum
D. convert “graphical coordinates” to “display coordinates”
答案：B
解析：电子海图没有的功能：确定磁罗经自差。
9.ECDIS must be able to perform all of the following EXCEPT______.
A. determine true bearing and distance between two geographical points
B. determine magnetic compass deviation
C. transform a local datum to the WGS--84 datum
D. convert “graphical coordinates” to “display coordinates”
答案：B
解析：电子海图不能执行的是：确定磁罗经自差。
10.（2-47）Which of the following are data layer categories to be displayed on ECDIS
________.
A. ECDIS warnings and messages
B. Hydrographic Office data
C. Notice to Mariners information
D. All of the above
答案：D
解析：下列哪项信息层类别应显示在ECDIS上？ECDIS警告和信息、水道测量局数据和航海通告。
11.（2-254）The ECDISs will _______ the paper –based chart in the near future.
A. supersede
B. replace
C. substitute
D. coexist with
答案：D
解析：在不久的未来，ECDIS将与纸质海图并存。
12.ECDIS should be capable of _____ all chart information necessary for safe efficient
navigation originated.
A. exhibiting
B. existing
C. demonstrating
D. displaying
答案：D
解析：ECDIS应能显示源自海图上所有安全有效的航行信息。
13.（1-67）When a feature remains in its existing charted position but has a change of
characteristic, ______ command is used.
A. MOVE
B. DELETE
C. AMEND
D. SUBSTITUTE
答案：C
解析：当参数维持在海图上现在的位置，但是特性有一些变化，应使用的命令：AMEND。
14.（1-36）When a feature whose characteristics or descriptions remain unchanged is to be
shifted to small distances, _____ command is used
A. MOVE
B. DELETE
C. AMEND
D. SUBSTITUTE
答案：A
解析：当参数的特性或描述不变，但小范围移动，应使用的命令：MOVE
15.（1-33）When a feature is to be removed from the chart, _____ command is used
A. MOVE
B. DELETE
C. AMEND
D. SUBSTITUTE
答案：B
解析：当参数要从海图上删掉，应使用的命令：DELETE
16.（1-6）When one feature replaces an existing feature and the position remain as charted,
_____ command is used.
A. MOVE
B. DELETE
C. AMEND
D. SUBSTITUTE
答案：D
解析：当一个参数代替另一个现有的参数，位置保持不变，应使用的命令：SUBSTITUTE
17.（2-44）What does a navigator who uses an ECDIS require?
A. Good navigational knowledge and a professional job attitude
B. Good computer knowledge
C. Good system knowledge
D. Nothing special
答案：A
解析：使用ECDIS的海员的要求：良好的航海知识和专业工作态度。
18.（2-9）When own ships position input to ECDIS wrong, what is the result?
A. Nothing
B. ECDIS will give warning
C. ECDIS will automatically be switched off
D. Position, range and bearing taken on the ECDIS will be wrong
答案：D
解析：当输入ECDIS的船位错误时，结果是：在ECDIS上测得的位置、距离和方位将是错的。
19.（2-120）______ is not an alarm required by IMO standards to be available on the ECDIS.
A. Deviating from a planned route
B. Approach to waypoints and other critical points
C. Light house detecting
D. Larger scale chart available
答案：C
解析：灯塔探测不是IMO标准要求ECDIS应具备的报警。
2.4 测深仪、计程仪和航向记录仪器的操作（11）
1.（2-61）____ sends a radio signal from the bottom of the ship to the sea-bed, from which it is
reflected.
A. the marine sextant
B. The chartroom
C. The echo sounder
D. The radar
答案：C
解析：回声测深仪从船底发送无线电波到海底，并从海底反射。
2.（2-59）All echo-sounders can measure the ______.
A. Actual depth of water
B. Actual depth of water below keel
C. Average depth from waterline to hard bottom
D. Average depth of water to soft