上海海事大学英语翻译基础2015年—2018年考研真题考研试题

上海师范大学2015年翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试初试模拟试题考试科目：211 翻译硕士英语Part I. (30’)Section A: Vocabulary and grammar (20’)Directions: There are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET1. An increase in a nation's money supply, without an accompanying increase in economic activity, __________result in higher prices.A. tendsB. tends theC. tending toD. will tend to2. X-rays are able to pass through objects and thus make __________details that are otherwise impossible to observe.A. it visibleB. visiblyC. visibleD. they are visible3. Prices for bikes at that store run__________250 dollars.A. as high asB. as high toC. so high toD. so high as4. He will not be __________ to vote in this year's election.A. enough oldB. as old enoughC. old enoughD. enough old as5. Thomas Jefferson's achievements as an architect rival his contributions __________a politician.A. suchB. moreC. asD. than6. According to the conditions of my scholarship, after finishing my degree__________.A. my education will be employed by the universityB. employment will be given to me by the universityC. the university will employ meD. I will be employed by the university7. If Bob's wife won't agree to sign the papers, ____________.A. neither he willB. neither will heC. neither won't heD. he won't neither8. _____ is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.A. WhatB. ThatC. ItD. As9. A violent revolution having broken out, all the ports of that country were laid under a(n) ______.A. boycottB. embargoC. embarkD. ban10. Since_________ can't work in the United States without a permit, so it is of great importance for them to present their credentials to the government.A. emigrantsB. expatriatesC. migrantsD. immigrants11. After the war , a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when12. A modern city has been set up in _____ was a wasteland ten years ago .A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where13. Professor Smith, along with his assistants, ______ on the project day and night to meet the deadline.A. workB. workingC. is workingD. are working14. The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ______ his notes.A. bringing upB. referring toC. looking forD. trying on15. The Internet has brought ______ big changes in the way we work.A. aboutB. outC. backD. up16. The tourists are told that the remotest village in this area is only_________ by a river.A. accessibleB. availableC. obtainableD. achievable17. He__________ interrupted me by asking irrelevant questions.A. continuallyB. continuouslyC. consistentlyD. constantly18. Being a man of _________ and public spirit. Mr. Russell labored zealously to advance the interest of the community and was much interested in bringing new manufacturing interests to Waterloo.A. firmB. enterpriseC. companyD. corporation19. When people do things wrong we should try hard to forgive them, as the idiom goes, “To ______ is human.”A. referB. conferC. deferD. err20. Although gaining a job as a real __________agent or broker may be relatively easy, beginning agents and brokers may face competition from well-established, more experienced ones.A. propertyB. estateC. houseD. assets Section B:Proof Reading & Error Correction(10’)The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way:　For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a "L" sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line. For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash "/" and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line. The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. The argument has been going since at least the first (1) ______century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writers favoured certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2)_____　sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______　the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______　wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th (5) _______　century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested that　the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______　was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7)_____ gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8)____　literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______　extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.　The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, the　nature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Too　often, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified with　each other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10)____ Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(20*1.5’+5*2’)Directions: In this section there are five passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions and 5 short answer questions. Please read the passage and answer the question on the ANSWER SHEET.TEXT AAll Sir William Jones wanted to do was to learn Sanskrit. While he was studying, however, he made a surprising discovery. This ancient language of India was amazingly similar to Latin and Greek. The Sanskrit word for "mother"—matar—was almost identical to the Latin word, mater. “Father” was pitar in Sanskrit, pater in Latin and Greek. The more he studied, the more similarities he found.How could this be? Thousands of miles and many natural barriers separated India and Europe. Still, Jones concluded, the similarities were too strong to be accidental. In 1786, he announced “No one could examine them all three, without believing them to have sprung from some common source.”Since then, scholars have traced many languages to this “common source.” Today, these languages are called the Indo-European family. But where did this source originate? Language and geography provide the clues. European languages have similar words for the animals and trees of northern Europe, such as oak, willow, bear, and wolf. There are no common words for the animals and trees of southern Europe.To scholars, this suggests that the Indo-European languages began in north central Europe. In time, some northern Europeans set out toward the east, settling in Iran, India, and Pakistan. Others migrated westward toward southern and western Europe. The root language developed into dozens of different languages, but the family resemblances remain. The word for “three” is drei in German, tres in Spanish, tre in Albanian, and tri in Russian.Almost every language in Europe is part of the Indo-European family, but there are exceptions. Hungarian and Finnish cling to other language families. High in the Pyrenees, the Basque people speak a language that has no known relatives. Perhaps the Basques were the original inhabitants of the region. Isolated by mountains, they may have been bypassed by the spread of Indo-European culture.1. What did Sir William Jones discover when he was learning Sanskrit?A. Sanskrit was very similar to some European languages.B. Sanskrit was an ancient language.C. The Sanskrit word for mother is the same as that in Latin.D. Latin and Greek were very similar.2. Which of the following statements is true about "the common source"?A. Jones found out the common source.B. All languages sprang from the common source.C. Only three languages sprang from the common source.D. Since 1786, scholars have traced many languages to the common source.3. Where did the common source originate?A. In southern Europe.B. In north-central Europe.C. In India.D. in Pakistan.4. What does the word “bypass” in the last line probably mean?A. influenceB. immune fromC. go throughD. prevent from5. What can be concluded from the passage?A. Jones first discovered the root language.B. The languages with the common source are called the Indo-European family.C. The root language developed into different languages as people migrated.D. Every language in Europe is part of the Indo-European family.TEXT BYour first culture shock came after you left your home country and you needed to adjust to the United States, It is now important to learn cultural information about your company, so that you will fit in and perform successfully. The people who make up this environment have their own customs, habits and expectations of each new employee. Gathering information that is formal (policy) and informal (traditions) will help you learn the professional norms and become fully accepted.Policies are corporate documents describing procedures, rules, and standards that guide decision making and conduct. They are similar to official laws that govern a country. Some sources of such written company information include the annual report, product or service brochures, technical and procedural manual, employee directory and the company newsletter. Organizational traditions are usually unwritten hut common practices that have evolved over time. They set the tone and philosophy of the particular corporation, just as the customs of a country do. The best way to learn such information is to observe and talk with others such as your supervisor and co-workers.You can supplement ideas from formal introductory materials given you earlier. Explore with fellow employees those behaviors that may be tolerated but frownedupon. Ask your supervisor for feedback to avoid typical traps that could cause your co-workers to reject you as a professional. Keep this guide nearby, and refer to it often in private. Reviewing formal company procedures, handouts, written notes, ideas, comments from bosses and colleagues, together with materials in this handbook, will help you make a more healthy cultural adjustment.6. What is the purpose to learn cultural information?A. To know the U. S. A. better.B. To work better in the new environment.C. To make more money.D. To improve one's English.7. According to the passage, ___________ is not the policy's function.A. describing procedures, rules and standardsB. governing a countryC. helping to guide decision making and conductD. writing down the company's information8. ____________ is the best way to learn the organizational traditions.A. To read the policiesB. To study the philosophyC. To study a country's customsD. To observe and communicate with the colleagues and boss.9. How to make a more healthy cultural adjustment?A. Read this passage often.B. Discuss the organizational culture with your colleagues.C. Gather and review the formal and informal information in the corporation.D. Ask your boss for help.10. The passage is written to ___________.A. help readers to understand the organization's cultureB. explain the culture shockC. analyze the policies and traditionsD. help readers to work better with their supervisor and co-workersTEXT C“White hostility toward African Americans, and the resulting discrimination, have been fueled by a sense of threat. During slavery, many working-class whites, encouraged by slaveholders, feared the release of large numbers of blacks into thelabor market and society in general. When northern industries used African Americans as strikebreakers in the first decades of this century, white workers feared the loss of their jobs. Today, many white Americans fear “black violence”. Moreover, specific fears about the “costs” of welfare as well as the "taking" of jobs through affirmative action have added to the fear of black violence.These fears have translated into negative stereotypes of African Americans as a people who are prone to crime and violence, unwilling to work, and a drain on the white taxpayer through their welfare dependency. In turn, these stereotypes have been used to justify informal discrimination, to prevent the help to the urban poor, to be negligent in enforcing laws or policies prohibiting discriminatory practices against black workers, and most important, to hesitate in making a serious effort at job creation for African Americans. The result is that African Americans’ share of valued resources has not increased much over the last two decades, even as formal discrimination has been greatly lessened. This fact is used to further the negative belief that African Americans have "not taken advantage of their equal opportunities."11. According to the passage, how did the northern industries make use of African Americans in 1900s?A. Sent them to ask the strikers to go back to work.B. Made them work very hard.C. Employed them to threaten the white strikers.D. Released them into the labor market.12. What does the underlined word “stereotype” (in the first line of paragraph two) most probably mean?A. fixed general imageB. general experienceC. special type of imageD. flexible general image13. What is the ill influence of these negative stereotypes?A. Giving help to the poor black.B. Justifying informal discrimination.C. Enforcing laws prohibiting discriminatory practices against black workers.D. Creating opportunities of employment for the black.14. What can be inferred from "a drain on the white taxpayer" about the African Americans?A. They are unwilling to work.B. They never pay tax.C. They lack security.D. Their welfare depends on the white's tax.15. The author wrote the passage to tell us__________.A. African Americans pose a threat to the whites in employmentB. African Americans are dependent on the tax paid by the whitesC. African Americans are discriminated against because they are often on strikeD. the sense of threat intensifies the white's hospitality and discrimination against the African AmericansTEXT DCampaigning on the Indian frontier is an experience by itself. Neither the landscape nor the people find their counterparts in any other portion of the globe. Valley walls rise steeply five or six thousand feet on every side. The columns crawl through a maze of giant corridors down which fierce snow-fed torrents foam under skies of brass. Amid these scenes of savage brilliancy there dwells a race whose qualities seem to harmonize with their environment. Except at harvest-time, when self-preservation requires a temporary truce, the Pathan tribes are always engaged in private or public war. Every man is a warrior, a politician and a theologian. Every large house is a real feudal fortress made, it is true, only of sun-baked clay, but with battlements, turrets, loopholes, drawbridges, etc. complete. Every village has its defense. Every family cultivates its vendetta; every clan, its feud. The numerous tribes and combinations of tribes all have their accounts to settle with one another. Nothing is ever forgotten, and very few debts are left unpaid. For the purposes of social life, in addition to the convention about harvest-time, a most elaborate code of honour has been established and is on the whole faithfully observed. A man who knew it and observed it faultlessly might pass unarmed from one end of the frontier to another. The slightest technical slip would, however, be fatal. The life of the Pathan is thus full of interest; and his valleys, nourished alike by endless sunshine and abundant water, are fertile enough to yield with little labour the modest material requirements of a sparse population.Into this happy world the nineteenth century brought two new facts: the rifle and the British Government. The first was an enormous luxury and blessing; the second, an unmitigated nuisance. The convenience of the rifle was nowhere more appreciated than in the Indian highlands. A weapon which would kill with accuracy at fifteen hundred yards opened a whole new vista of delights to every family or clan whichcould acquire it. One could actually remain in one's own house and fire at one's neighbour nearly a mile away. One could lie in wait on some high crag, and at hitherto unheard-of ranges hit a horseman far below. Even villages could fire at each other without the trouble of going far from home. Fabulous prices were therefore offered for these glorious products of science. Rifle-thieves scoured all India to reinforce the efforts of the honest smuggler. A steady flow of the coveted weapons spread its genial influence throughout the frontier, and the respect which the Pathan tribesmen entertained for Christian civilization was vastly enhanced.The action of the British Government on the other hand was entirely unsatisfactory. The great organizing, advancing, absorbing power to the southward seemed to be little better than a monstrous spoil-sport. If the Pathan made forays into the plains, not only were they driven back (which after all was no more than fair), but a whole series of subsequent interferences took place, followed at intervals by expeditions which toiled laboriously through the valleys, scolding the tribesmen and exacting fines for any damage which they had done. No one would have minded these expeditions if they had simply come, had a fight and then gone away again. In many cases this was their practice under what was called the "butcher and bolt policy" to which the Government of India long adhered. But towards the end of the nineteenth century these intruders began to make roads through many of the valleys, and in particular the great road to Chitral. They sought to ensure the safety of these roads by threats, by forts and by subsidies. There was no objection to the last method so far as it went. But the whole of this tendency to road-making was regarded by the Pathans with profound distaste. All along the road people were expected to keep quiet, not to shoot one another, and above all not to shoot at travellers along the road. It was too much to ask, and a whole series of quarrels took their origin from this source.16. The word debts in "very few debts are left unpaid" in the first paragraph means______A． loans. B． accounts C．killings D．bargains.17. Which of the following is NOT one of the geographical facts about the Indian frontier?A. Melting snows.B. Large population.C. Steep hillsides.D. Fertile valleys.18. According to the passage, the Pathans welcomed________A. the introduction of the rifle.B. the spread of British rule.C. the extension of luxuriesD. the spread of trade.19. Building roads by the British_______A. put an end to a whole series of quarrels.B. prevented the Pathans from earning on feuds.C. lessened the subsidies paid to the Pathans.D. gave the Pathans a much quieter life.20. A suitable title for the passage would beA. Campaigning on the Indian frontier.B. Why the Pathans resented the British rule.C. The popularity of rifles among the Pathans.D. The Pathans at war.TEXT ESpace exploration has always been the province of dreamers: The human imagination readily soars where human ingenuity (创造力)struggles to follow. A Voyage to the Moon, often cited as the first science fiction story, was written by Cyrano de Bergerac in 1649. Cyrano was dead and buried for a good three centuries before the first manned rockets started to fly.In 1961, when President Kennedy declared that America would send a man to the moon by the decade’s end, those words, too, had a dreamlike quality. They resonated(共鸣) with optimism and ambition in much the same way as the most famous dream speech of all, delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. two years later. By the end of the decade, both visions had yielded concrete results and transformed American society. And yet in many ways the two dreams ended up at odds with each other. The fight for racial and economic equality is intensely pragmatic (讲求实用的) and immediate in its impact. The urge to explore space is just the opposite. It is figuratively and literally otherworldly in its aims.When the dust settled, the space dreamers lost out. There was no grand follow-up to the Apollo missions. The technologically compromised space shuttle program has just come to an end, with no successor. The perpetual argument is that funds are tight, that we have more pressing problems here on Earth. Amid the current concerns aboutthe federal deficit, reaching toward the stars seems a dispensable luxury—as if saving one-thousandth of a single year’s budget would solve our problems.But human ingenuity struggles on. NASA is developing a series of robotic probes that will get the most bang from a buck. They will serve as modem Magellans, mapping out the solar system for whatever explorers follow, whether man or machine. On the flip side, companies like Virgin Galactic are plotting a bottom-up assault on the space dream by making it a reality to the public. Private spaceflight could lie within reach of rich civilians in a few years. Another decade or two and it could go mainstream.The space dreamers end up benefiting all of us—not just because of the way they expand human knowledge, or because of the spin-off technologies they produce, but because the two types of dreams feed off each other. Both Martin Luther King and John Kennedy appealed to the idea that humans can transcend what were once considered inherent limitations. Today we face seeming challenges in energy, the environment, health care. Tomorrow we will transcend these as well, and the dreamers will deserve a lot of the credit. The more evidence we collect that our species is capable of greatness, the more we will actually achieve it.21. Why did the the author mention Cyrano de Bergerac?22.“A Voyage to the Moon” was written by whom and when?23. How did the general public view Kennedy’s space exploration plan?24. What does the author say about America’s aim to explore space?25. What does the author think of the problems facing human beings?Part Ⅲ WRITING (30’)We all know that men and women play different roles in modern society, and that they differ in many ways, such as how to perceive the world, how to tackle problems and how to approach people. Think about the issue and discuss the different ways in which men and women behave in terms of interpersonal relationships, expressing affection, friendship and views on beauty.Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of 160-200 words on the following topic:The Different Approaches or Perceptions of Men and WomenYou are to write in three parts.In the first part, state your view on this issue.In the second part, support your view with details or examples.In the last part, bring what, you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be rewarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.参考答案：partⅠ(30’)section A Vocabulary and grammar(20’)1-5DCACC 6-10DBDBD 11-15BACBA 16-20AABDB Section B Proof Reading and Error Correction(10’)1. going 后加 on 2. cerain 改成 some 3. rather 后加 than 4. is 改为 was 5. in 改为 at 6. 去掉 the 7. view 后加 that 8. 删掉 was 9. statement 改为 statements 10.and 改为 butPart ⅡReading Comprehension(40’)1-5ADBBC 6-10BBDCB 11-15CABDD 16-20 CBABA21. in order to show that imagination is the mother of invention22. “A Voyage to the Moon” was written by Cyrano de Bergerac in 1649.23. It sounded very much like a dream.24. The urge to explore space is not intensely pragmatic (讲求实用的) and immediate in its impact. It may not bring about immediate economic gains.25 Tomorrow we will transcend these as well, and they can be solved sooner or later with human ingenuity.Part Ⅲ WRITING(30’)(略)。

上海海事大学翻硕MTI三跨生考研经验分享终于是拟录取了才敢写这么一篇经验贴。

首先自我介绍一下，本科南昌工程学院，一个普通的不能再普通的二本院校，本科专业是物流管理，大四大六都是裸考过的，刷了一次六级最后才是541，考取的是上海海事大学的MTI。

今年海事不知道为什么人数爆满，听学姐说改MTI试卷的老师有一个都累到送医院了，所以呢比国家线高了7分，复试人数87个人，最后加推免一共录取62个人。

我复试的时候排名是77名，真是为自己的复试表现感到小骄傲。

下面说一下各科的复习攻略。

一、基础英语（100分）1.所用书目：外研社专四词汇语法1000题，新东方的专八词汇，陈琦的GRE3000词，专八阅读，丁晓钟的外刊超精读，星火的改错1000题，冲击波的词汇语法专项训练，星火的英语专业考研考点精梳与精炼，喵大(@鬼谷一喵)的各校真题，17天搞定GRE单词，星火的专八作文，以及打印的各校真题。

2.考试题型与对策2.1单选无非就是语法和词汇，语法我一直以来都是靠语感，然后一边做题一边总结，多做几遍就找到了大多数考题的主要考点，就差不多了，而且今年海事没有考语法，全是词汇。

词汇这一块的话，因为自己是非英专，所以对自己要求比较严格，专八词汇和GRE词汇都背了20多遍，刚刚开始背的时候确实很痛苦，背着背着就想睡觉，我想大多数人一开始都是这样的，所以一定要坚持，并且重复，结合艾宾浩斯记忆曲线，一遍一遍的过，刷遍数，第一次背的时候一天100个，后期可以做到一次背500,甚至1000个单词，而且每天都要背，直到考研那一天，单词背的熟的验证方法就是，你看到这个单词能在3秒内反应过来是什么意思，不求会写，但求熟识。

这样背单词以后，到后期你会发现基本没什么不认识的单词了，做词汇那一块的话就没什么问题了。

刚刚开始背单词前去扇贝网测单词量是4000左右，后面测一下差不多都到20000了，还是蛮有成就感的。

2.2阅读阅读的基础还是词汇和语法，所以还是先背单词，然后我看的是丁晓钟的外刊，慢慢找到语感和出题点，然后后期的时候每天做2-4篇阅读，计时做的那种，然后做完之后查生词，看下自己为什么错，做一个总结。

2018年中国海洋大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷一、词汇1.Some people are more______to depression during the winter because of reduced exposure to sunlight.（A）infinite（B）perceptive（C）profound（D）susceptible2.By studying obscure demographic and economic______, he deduced that the Soviets were in crisis—and spending a far bigger slice of its national income on defense than anyone had suspected.（A）data（B）mania（C）nostalgia（D）severity3.Teresa brought orange socks instead of red because the store was poorly lit, and she couldn't______ between the two colors.（A）deteriorate（B）discriminate（C）dispense（D）initiate4.Honeybees use one of the most______communication systems of any insect.（A）dismal（B）inept（C）morbid（D）sophisticated5.When my foot falls asleep, it______me for several minutes.（A）incapacitated（B）insinuated（C）misconstrued（D）interrogated6.Since my uncle was made vice president of his company, he's______only to the president.（A）adroit（B）omnipotent（C）subordinate（D）vehement7.Together, their strengths will ______ each other and provide customers with a richer and even more helpful experience.（A）complement（B）fabricate（C）implement（D）validate8.Although our new boss is______and young-looking, he is every bit as in control as our previous employer, who was six foot four and middle-aged.（A）diminutive（B）eclectic（C）extraneous（D）tawdry9." This book, " wrote the critic, " could be sold as a sleeping aid—it is that______. （A）recalcitrant（B）unimpeachable（C）soporific（D）credulous10.After Kennedy's assassination in 1963, Hannan, at Jacqueline Kennedy's request, delivered the ______at St. Matthew's Cathedral and stood next to her when Kennedy was buried in Arlington National Cemetery.（B）eulogy（C）paradigm（D）profusion11.Now that internet speeds and hard drive storage are almost non-issues, there is no longer a need to reduce every bit of______data.（A）didactic（B）extraneous（C）nefarious（D）incipient12.Announced in 2015, the tiny-brained species sports a remarkable mosaic of modern and ______features.（A）archaic（B）recalcitrant（C）resigned（D）servile13.Mr. Stewart______the violence that had occurred during the demonstrations. （A）deprecated（B）engendered（C）surmised（D）razed14.The process of changing from what you are to what you would like to become can be either______and frustrating or easy and rewarding.（A）arduous（B）astute（C）ascetic（D）credulous15.The movie about a kindly man who murders in a moment of panic poses an interesting question: does one horrible act______a lifetime of good works?（B）negate（C）rectify（D）whet16.______in my seventies and rather unfit, I might consider taking up squash. （A）Were I not（B）Was I not（C）Weren't I（D）If I weren't17.______ a pause in the conversation, she left the room.（A）In（B）While（C）Over（D）Throughout18.If the technology______available, we would be able to expand the business. （A）would become（B）were become（C）was to become（D）became19.______been diverted, they would have arrived early.（A）Had the plane not（B）Hadn't the plane（C）The plane had not（D）The plane not had20.If I______a more reliable car, I______to Spain rather than fly.（A）would have; would drive（B）had; had driven（C）had; would drive（D）would have had; would drive二、阅读理解The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed "intuition" to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise; and to integrate action into the process of thinking.Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.Isenberg's recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers' intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an " Aha!" experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes familiar patterns. One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that "thinking" is inseparable from acting. Since managers often "know" what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act firstand explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.Given the great uncertainty of many of the management issues that they face, senior managers often instigate a course of action simply to learn more about an issue. They then use the results of the action to develop a more complete understanding of the issue. One implication of thinking/acting cycles is that action is often part of defining the problem, not just of implementing the solution.21.The passage suggests which of the following about the " writers on management" mentioned in the second paragraph?（A）They have criticized managers for not following the classical rational model of decision analysis.（B）They have not based their analyses on a sufficiently large sample of actual managers.（C）They have relied in drawing their conclusions on what managers say rather than on what managers do.（D）They have misunderstood how managers use intuition in making business decisions.22.Which of the following best exemplifies " an ' Aha!' experience" as it is presented in the passage?（A）A manager risks taking an action whose outcome is unpredictable to discover whether the action changes the problem at hand.（B）A manager performs well-learned and familiar behavior patterns in creative and uncharacteristic ways to solve a problem.（C）A manager suddenly connects seemingly unrelated facts and experiences to create a pattern relevant to the problem at hand.（D）A manager rapidly identifies the methodology used to compile data yielded by systematic analysis.23.According to the passage, the classical model of decision analysis includes all of the following EXCEPT ____.（A）evaluation of a problem（B）creation of possible solutions to a problem（C）establishment of clear goals to be reached by the decision（D）action undertaken in order to discover more information about a problem24.The passage provides support for which of the following statements?（A）Managers who rely on intuition are more successful than those who rely on formal decision analysis.（B）Managers' intuition works contrary to their rational and analytical skills.（C）Intuition enables managers to employ their practical experience more efficiently. （D）Logical analysis of a problem increases the number of possible solutions.25.Which of the following best describes the organization of the first paragraph of the passage?（A）An assertion is made and a specific supporting example is given.（B）A conventional model is dismissed and an alternative introduced.（C）The results of recent research are introduced and summarized.（D）Two opposing points of view are presented and evaluated.It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the lives of the people who operate the new machines and on the society into which the machines have been introduced. For example , it has been suggested that the employment of women in industry took them out of the household, their traditional sphere, and fundamentally altered their position in society. In the nineteenth century, when women began to enter factories, Jules Simon, a French politician, warned that by doing so, women would give up their femininity. Friedrich Engels, however, predicted that women would be liberated from the " social, legal, and economic subordination" of the family by technological developments that made possible the recruitment of "the whole female sex into public industry. " Observers thus differed concerning the social desirability of mechanization's effects, but they agreed that it would transform women's lives.Historians, particularly those investigating the history of women, now seriously question this assumption of transforming power. They conclude that such dramatic technological innovations as the spinning jenny, the sewing machine, the typewriter, and the vacuum cleaner have not resulted in equally dramatic social changes in women's economic position or in the prevailing evaluation of women's work. The employment of young women in textile mills during the Industrial Revolution was largely an extension of an older pattern of employment of young, single women as domestics. It was not the change in office technology, but rather the separation of secretarial work, previously seen as an apprenticeship for beginning managers, from administrative work that in the 1880's created a new class of "dead-end" jobs, thenceforth considered "women's work. " The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers, previously, in many cases, the only women employers would hire.Women's work has changed considerably in the past 200 years, moving from the household to the office or the factory, and later becoming mostly white-collar instead of blue-collar work. Fundamentally, however, the conditions under which women work have changed little since before the Industrial Revolution; the segregation of occupations by gender, lower pay for women as a group, jobs that require relatively low levels of skill and offer women little opportunity for advancement all persist, while women's household labor remains demanding. Recent historical investigation has led to a major revision of the notion that technology is always inherently revolutionary in its effects on society. Mechanization may even have slowed any change in the traditional position of women both in the labor market and in the home.26.Which of the following statements best summarizes the main idea of the passage? （A）The effects of the mechanization of women's work have not borne out the frequently held assumption that new technology is inherently revolutionary.（B）Recent studies have shown that mechanization revolutionizes a society's traditional values and the customary roles of its members.（C）Mechanization has caused the nature of women's work to change since the Industrial Revolution.（D）The mechanization of work creates whole new classes of jobs that did not previously exist.27.The author mentions all of the following inventions as examples of dramatic technological innovations EXCEPT the______.（A）sewing machine（B）vacuum cleaner（C）typewriter（D）telephone28.It can be inferred from the passage that the author would consider which of the following to be an indication of a fundamental alteration in the conditions of women's work?（A）Statistics showing that the majority of women now occupy white-collar positions.（B）Interviews with married men indicating that they are now doing some household tasks.（C）Surveys of the labor market documenting the recent creation of a new class of jobs in electronics in which women workers outnumber men four to one.（D）Census results showing that working women's wages and salaries are, on the average, as high as those of working men.29.The passage states that, before the twentieth century, which of the following was true of many employers?（A）They did not employ women in factories.（B）They tended to employ single rather than married women.（C）They employed women in only those jobs that were related to women's traditional household work.（D）They resisted technological innovations that would radically change women's roles in the family.30.It can be inferred from the passage that the author most probably believes which of the following to be true concerning those historians who study the history of women?（A）Their work provides insights important to those examining social phenomena affecting the lives of both sexes.（B）Their work can only be used cautiously by scholars in other disciplines.（C）Because they concentrate only on the role of women in the workplace, they draw more reliable conclusions than do other historians.（D）While highly interesting, their work has not had an impact on most historians' current assumptions concerning the revolutionary effect of technology in the workplace.Most economists in the United States seem captivated by the spell of the free market. Consequently, nothing seems good or normal that does not accord with the requirements of the free market. A price that is determined by the seller or, for that matter, established by anyone other than the aggregate of consumers seems pernicious. Accordingly, it requires a major act of will to think of price-fixing (the determination of prices by the seller) as both "normal" and having a valuable economic function. In fact, price-fixing is normal in all industrialized societies because the industrial system itself provides, as an effortless consequence of its own development, the price-fixing that it requires. Modern industrial planning requires and rewards great size. Hence, a comparatively small number of large firms will be competing for the same group of consumers. That each large firm will act with consideration of its own needs and thus avoid selling its products for more than its competitors charge is commonly recognized by advocates of free-market economic theories. But each large firm will also act with full consideration of the needs that it has in common with the other large firms competing for the same customers. Each large firm will thus avoid significant price-cutting, because price-cutting would be prejudicial to the common interest in a stable demand for products. Most economists do not see price-fixing when it occursbecause they expect it to be brought about by a number of explicit agreements among large firms; it is not.Moreover, those economists who argue that allowing the free market to operate without interference is the most efficient method of establishing prices have not considered the economies of non-socialist countries other than the United States. These economies employ intentional price-fixing, usually in an overt fashion. Formal price-fixing by cartel and informal price-fixing by agreements covering the members of an industry are commonplace. Were there something peculiarly efficient about the free market and inefficient about price-fixing, the countries that have avoided the first and used the second would have suffered drastically in their economic development. There is no indication that they have.Socialist industry also works within a framework of controlled prices. In the early 1970's, the Soviet Union began to give firms and industries some of the flexibility in adjusting prices that a more informal evolution has accorded the capitalist system. Economists in the United States have hailed the change as a return to the free market. But Soviet firms are no more subject to prices established by a free market over which they exercise little influence than are capitalist firms; rather, Soviet firms have been given the power to fix prices.31.The primary purpose of the passage is to______.（A）suggest methods by which economists and members of the government of the United States can recognize and combat price-fixing by large firms（B）show that in industrialized societies price-fixing and the operation of the free market are not only compatible but also mutually beneficial（C）explain the various ways in which industrialized societies can fix prices in order to stabilize the free market（D）argue that price-fixing, in one form or another, is an inevitable part of and benefit to the economy of any industrialized society32.The author's attitude toward "Most economists in the United States" (line 1) can best be described as______.（A）spiteful and envious（B）scornful and denunciatory（C）critical and condescending（D）ambivalent but deferential33.It can be inferred from the author's argument that a price fixed by the seller "seems pernicious" (the first paragraph) because______.（A）people do not have confidence in large firms（B）people do not expect the government to regulate prices（C）most economists believe that consumers as a group should determine prices （D）most economists associate fixed prices with communist and socialist economies 34.According to the author, what is the result of the Soviet Union's change in economic policy in the 1970's?（A）Soviet firms show greater profit.（B）Soviet firms have less control over the free market.（C）Soviet firms are able to adjust to technological advances.（D）Soviet firms have some authority to fix prices.35.With which of the following statements regarding the behavior of large firms in industrialized societies would the author be most likely to agree?（A）The directors of large firms will continue to anticipate the demand for products. （B）The directors of large firms are less interested in achieving a predictable level of profit than in achieving a large profit.（C）The directors of large firms will strive to reduce the costs of their products. （D）Many directors of large firms believe that the government should establish the prices that will be charged for products.Questions of when, where, how, and with whom children's riddles [are used] have been addressed in the folkloristic and anthropological literature, but they have rarely been answered in depth. Prior to the 1960s or so, collecting standards allowed considerable latitude in the recording of contextual and interactional data. Many researchers simply ignored the information. Others sketched out basic parameters, buttoo often their observations tended toward the obvious and the dominant. For example, researchers have tended to regard community members as a homogeneous group, thereby assuming that whatever was true for adult riddling held e-qually well for children's. Or, they viewed children themselves as undiversified, thereby bypassing differences in riddling due to youngsters' ages, or, in urban areas, their ethnic heritage. Especially problematic has been information about settings and interactional events that encourage or inhibit riddling.Despite this unevenness in the literature, enough information is retrievable to at least hint at some cross-cultural trends. As the first of these, we can identify two broadly different tracks that communities take with regard to the appropriateness of distinct groups' engaging in riddling. First, these are groups that treat riddling as an activity open to both adults and children. Among the Anang of Nigeria, for instance, both adults and children may pose and answer riddles. Secondly, and in contrast to groups like the Anang, communities may limit active involvement according to the age (or perhaps, the social status) of the potential participants. In some cases, riddling is seen as an adult prerogative. Though riddles may be posed occasionally to children for specific purposes, such as testing the youngsters' intelligence, they are not otherwise encouraged to participate. As an alternative to across-the-board restrictions based on age, other communities require children to simply remain silent when riddling occurs in adult social events.Within the literature, the most frequently reported occasions of adult-child riddling are those involving pedagogy and leisure-time activity, respectively. In pedagogy riddling, the adult takes on the role of teacher, the child the role of student. The interactions can occur in the home as well as in the school. To take the home environment first: Among the Chamula of Central America, mothers may use riddles in teaching their children to talk. In the Ozark mountains of the United States in the 1930s, some parents regarded "working' out riddles" as an intellectual discipline for children. They posed riddles to their children in the hope of training the children's minds. Similar motives appear to have been behind adult-child riddling in other areasof the United States and in Europe. By far, the most frequent reports of pedagogic riddling is used to amuse children while testing their wit and competence in culture-specific values. With respect to pedagogic riddling in the school environment, several curriculum reports have suggested that riddling in the classroom can aid youngsters' development of perceptual and descriptive skills. Although to my knowledge we have no ethnographic reports of pedagogic riddling within the mainstream classroom, there exists at least one report treating riddle use in formal, non-English language instruction. Diane Roskies studied classroom activities in Kheyder, a Jewish primary school. There, a variety of verbal art forms were applied in the teaching of the [Hebrew] alphabet. As one example of the pedagogic play, the children were encouraged to tell riddles dealing with the shapes of the letters.In contrast to pedagogic riddling, leisure-time riddling is pursued as an end in itself. Entertainment is the primary goal. Generally speaking, leisure-time riddling between children and adults develops in the vicinity of the home, when practical obligations are few. Although parents and siblings appear to be children's most frequent co-participants, youngsters confronted by more distant relatives and other visitors may find that they can use riddling to communicate across the " small-talk barrier. " Of course, it is always possible that this arrangement can backfire. Proud of their "funny, clever" children, parents have been known to encourage the youngsters to "perform" riddles for the parents' friends.36.The passage makes the most extensive use of which type of evidence?（A）Expert testimony.（B）Case studies.（C）Historical trends.（D）Statistical analysis.37.Which choice best reflects the author's view of much of the existing research on riddling?（A）It is misleading because it puts too much emphasis on variations in riddles in urban and rural settings.（B）It focuses on riddles adults present to children and fails to address riddling between children.（C）It undermines commonly accepted beliefs about riddling behavior in an attempt to present new conclusions.（D）It is incomplete because it overlooks age as a significant factor in riddling behavior.38.The phrase "cross-cultural" in the second paragraph primarily serves to______. （A）describe the specific ways in which riddling works in every culture（B）demonstrate the culture-specific nature of riddling around the world（C）emphasize the uneven nature of literature that claims to be universal（D）characterize the universality of certain trails of riddling39.The description of Ozark parents mainly serves to______.（A）illustrate one way riddling is used to teach children（B）provide a counterpoint to the previous example of the Chamula of South America（C）introduce the concept of leisure-time riddling in various populations（D）give an example of a commonly misunderstood use of riddling40.What does the author imply about parents who use leisure-time riddling at home? （A）They occasionally overestimate others' interest in their children.（B）They use riddling to distract their children from more practical tasks.（C）They encourage their children to perform riddles when conversation lags. （D）They try to have children share riddles with their siblings.In general, democracies organize and carry out their elections in one of two ways. In first-past-the-post (FPTP) elections, voters choose individual candidates for office, and the candidate with the most votes wins. Elections in this kind of system are also called " winner-take-all. " In a democracy with proportional representation (PR) , parties, not individuals, win seats in a legislature according to the percent of votes they receive in an election. Parties then form coalitions with each other to gain control of the government. Which system a country uses can greatly affect its politics; each has its merits and disadvantages.These two types of election tend to foster very different styles of political debate. First-past-the-post elections tend to lead to more moderate political discussions at the national level. In elections for the presidency of the United States, for example, candidates need support from every part of the country. They cannot alienate large groups by expressing extreme views, so they must be moderate in order to have broad appeal. This moderation has its downsides, however. For one, uncommon opinions tend to be left out of public discussion. This can result in an elected government that may not fully represent citizens' views. Extreme parties are also reduce to the role of spoilers in national elections: unable to win, but able to hurt larger parties with similar, but more moderate, viewpoints. During the US election for president in 1992, a far-right candidate, Ross Perot, drew votes from the sitting president, the center-right George H. W. Bush. This may have allowed the center-left candidate, Bill Clinton, to win the presidency.Proportional representation, for better or worse, allows more extreme viewpoints to be represented at the national level. This can be a good thing, allowing minority groups and small, single-issue parties to have a voice in government. However, these small parties can cause problems when they join ruling coalitions. They can force the government to focus on niche agendas by threatening to leave the coalition if ignored. In some cases , radical parties that actively oppose or threaten democracy, like fascist parties, can gain seats in PR elections. This occurred most famously in Germany's Weimar Republic in the 1930s, when democratic elections gave the Nazi Party the opportunity to take power.Each electoral system also results in different levels of voter participation. First-past-the-post systems generally result in lower overall voter participation. This could be because the rules of FPTP elections discourage voters who support candidates or parties who are not likely to win. Because votes for a losing candidate count for nothing in an FPTP election, votes for opposition parties are effectively wasted. In elections for US Senate seats and the US presidency, for instance, many states are consistently won by candidates from one party. Opposition voters in these states have little reason to show up at the polls. However, some political scientists。

2014上海海事大学翻译硕士考研真题各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上研究生，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

翻译硕士英语这门变化很大:1.选择题由原来的60道变为30道，全是词汇题，没有了语法题，只要能认识就能选择出来，不过词汇难度貌似比之前几年稍微提升一个小档次~2.阅读也有之前的6篇变为了5篇。

但是不再像之前那样前四篇很简单，后两篇比较长；这次每篇虽然都不是很长，但是都不是特别容易，必须认真仔细理解透才能做出选择，细节题很少，要求重在理解全文~3.作文也有所变化，由之前的800字变成600字。

题目是“大学生就业难的问题”翻译基础1词语互译部分印象中有GPSLCDICUtwo-dimensionalbarcodecloudcomputingEdwardSnowden(这个最让我郁闷竟然没写出来，真不知道当时脑子干嘛去了)上海自由贸易试验区转变ZF职能责任问责制橙色预警收入分配制度改革云计算土地征收与拆迁暂时只能想这些，欢迎研友们补充！2篇章翻译变化也很大，由之前的两篇变成了四篇，两篇英译汉，两篇汉译英~a值得注意的是其中英译汉和汉译英中分别各有一篇是三级笔译上的原文，一篇是29页的“旅游的意义”那篇，另一篇是136页的“欧洲人向SUV宣战”第二篇我没有认真研究过有点可惜，不过只要好好翻译都差不多，文章末尾double-digitrate翻译错了~b另外两篇课外的，英译汉是说“ChinaPandaConservation”汉译英是“上海市商品包装减量的强制性规定”整个这一科做下来，怕时间不够，就没打草稿，结果却提前20分钟做完了，所以卷面不如之前练习的好，希望老师发发慈悲，，少扣点分啊。

汉语写作与百科知识1名词解释海事的百科分汉语词语解释和英语名词解释两部分，拿到试卷为了抓紧时间就直接做题，总体觉得很顺手。

在这里吐槽一下，现在回想自己没有仔细审题，不知道英语那部分名词解释要不要求写出汉语意思，这个问题从昨天晚上就让我纠结到现在，因为每个词语都知道意思解释的很好，如果没写是汉语意思，就太亏了！真希望题设中没要求写啊！如果要求了，也希望阅卷老师看在我知道的面子，发发慈悲，少扣几分吧！印象中有戊戌变法道教文艺复兴钢琴三重奏醉翁亭记商标电子对抗中国梦文法学校五月花号WTO上海自由贸易试验区folkmusictrademarkforeignexchangerate2应用文是要写一篇请示，但是字数要求增加，变为了600字~3大作文是给一段庄子先生的《秋水》，根据自己品味自拟题目，写篇议论文`800到1000字`个人比较喜欢庄子，所以觉得写的很顺手~目前只能回忆出这些，欢迎其他同学积极补充，最后还是祈求一下百科那部分不要因为失误丢分！三个多月的高强度大脑风暴，炼狱生活终于告一段落，只为对的起自己所付出的努力，感谢研途有你翻译硕士高校排名第一批:1.北大招生30名，其中推免202.北外英语笔译60名(学制两年)(好像除了翻译基础和汉语百科，会考俄日法德其中一门二外)3.南开英语口笔译非在职和在职生各招收30名4.复旦英语笔译30名5.同济英语笔译德语笔译未列招生人数6.上海交大英语笔译未列招生人数7.上外英语笔译35人(下设法律翻译，公/商务笔译，专业编译三个方向)英语口译15人(下设会议口译方向，公/商务口译方向和陪同口译方向)法语口译5人8.南大英语笔译35人9.厦大英语口笔译各15人10.中南大学英语口笔译未列招生人数11.湖南师范英语口笔译未列招生人数12.中山英语笔译20人英语口译10人13.西南大学英语笔译未列招生人数14.广外英语笔译60人英语口译40人日语笔译20人日语口译10人法语口译10人其中英语翻译硕士复试参考书目991|翻译实务(笔译):1、《实用翻译教程(修订版)》，刘季春主编，中山大学出版社，2007年。

[考研类试卷]2015年武汉大学英语翻译基础真题试卷英译汉1 Shanghai Free Trade Area2 special envoy3 consulate-general4 National City Bank of New York5 exchange rate6 cash drains7 intangible assets8 bank balance9 pay by installment10 host university11 law firm12 current account13 antidumping14 OPEC15 export subsidy汉译英16 丝路基金17 反恐怖主义情报中心18 海外追逃19 苏格兰独立公投20 微信21 失联22 正能量23 埃博拉病毒24 权力寻租腐败25 反垄断调查26 潜规则27 科研经费28 食品安全29 依法治国30 亚太自贸区英译汉31 The most complex lesson the literary point of view teaches—and it is not, to be sure,a lesson available to all, and is even difficult to keep in mind once acquired—is to allow the intellect to become subservient to the heart. What wide reading teaches is the richness, the complexity, the mystery of life. In the wider and longer view, I have come to believe, there is something deeply apolitical—something above politics—in literature, despite what feminist, Marxist, and other politicized literary critics may think. If at the end of a long life of reading the chief message you bring away is that women have had it lousy, or that capitalism stinks, or that attention must above all be paid to victims, then I'd say youjust might have missed something crucial. Too bad, for there probably isn't time to go back to re-read your lifetime's allotment of five thousand or so books.People who have read with love and respect understand that the larger message behind all books, great and good and even some not so good as they might be, is, finally, cultivate your sensibility so that you may trust your heart. The charmingly ironic point of vast reading, at least as I have come to understand it, is to distrust much of one's education. Unfortunately, the only way to know this is first to become educated, just as the only way properly to despise success is first to achieve it.汉译英32 说起季羡林先生的认真，那是出了名的。

2013年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分）考试科目：英语语法与翻译I. Choose from the following four choices marked A, B, C and D in each sentence the one that best suits the sentence, and write the corresponding capital letter in the bracket at the beginning of each sentence. There are 70 sentences in all, each of which is worth one point.(70 points)1. On Thursday, President Bush and a bevy of government officials — including the secretaries of state, education and defense —announced a wide ranging plan to enhance the foreign language skills of American students. Here the word “bevy” means _____A. flockB. herdC. swarmD. group2. Since many styles of luggage are quite similar, we recommend that you _____ your luggage closely to make sure you claim your own items.A. to inspectB. inspectedC. inspectD. would inspect3. We’d better give ______ to what he wishes to say.A. a earB. earC. your earsD. ears4. The flowers withered, we ______ them yesterday.A. should have wateredB. must have wateredC. must waterD. should water5. He took away the oxygen tank for fear that it ______.A. will explodeB. should explodeC. would explodeD. exploded6. Our failure to speak the same language on human rights endangers our national security by potentially weakening our ability to fight together against a common threat. We hope that the planned restoration of our human rights dialogue this spring will provide an opportunity to narrow our differences on this score. The underlined phrase means ______.A. in this caseB. in the wayC. in that respectD. in the sun7. He must have lived a happy life a few years ago, ___ he?A. can'tB. hasn'tC. mustn'tD. didn't8. She certainly knows better than ______ it herself.A. to doB. doingC. to have doneD. to doing9. The primary purpose of Australia’s language policy is to make the nation’s choices about language issues _____ as rational, comprehensive, just and balanced a way as possible.A. inB. ofC. forD. at10. Mothers flying without children now are allowed to bring breast milk through the checkpoint, _____ it is declared prior to screening.A. providedB. supposedC. provedD. suggested11. We came to Sichuang Province with a eye to visiting the _______ area.A. poverty-strickenB. poverty-strikingC. poor-strikingD. poor-stricken12. Brute facts are opposed to institutional facts, in that they do not require the context of an institution to occur. The term was coined by G. E. M. Anscombe and then popularized by John Searle. “In that” can best be replaced by ______.A. thoughB. soC. whereasD. because13. As long as there is a ______ of hope for the success, we will make 100% efforts to prepare.A. fitB. flightC. flowD. flash14. We ______recommend the book as a reference book for the freshmen.A. prettyB. prettilyC. highD. highly15. It is increasingly ______ that America be better versed in the languages and cultures of other world regions, particularly the Middle East, so we can present our nation more clearly to the world.A. immortalB. implausibleC. impossibleD. important16. Sooner than ______ by airbus, I’d prefer a week on a big liner.A. travellingB. travelC. to travelD. travelled17. Mini fridges and microwaves are available in some rooms, and cots or extra beds can be provided _____ request.A. withinB. onC. overD. off18. Being lost in the woods, Thomson was at his ______.A. wits’ endsB. wits’ endC. wit’s endD. wit’s ends19. In vain ____ to get in touch with the VIP who would give a final assessment of their performance.A. they triedB. did they tryC. tried theyD. they have tried20. The criminal even threatened ______ the president.A. murderingB. to murderC. to murderingD. murder21. He was unsuccessful, ______?A. wasn’t heB. was heC. was he notD. he was not22. A snack food (commonly called a snack) is seen in Western culture as a type of food not _____ to be eaten as a main meal of the day，to assuage a person's hunger between these meals, providing a brief supply of energy for the body.A. meansB. meantC. meanD. meaning23. The pitcher hit the man ______ on the nose.A. fairB. firmC. fairlyD. firmly24. John isn’t so foolish _____ the importance of the test.A. enough to realizeB. to realizeC. as not realizingD. as not to realize25. Children love to watch the whirling motion of the windmills, so much so ____ they have recreated a small version in the Pinwheel that you see in this photograph.A. goodB. farC. whichD. that26. Many a worker says the lady is a little of ______.A. a coquetteB. the coquetteC. coquetteD. coquettes27. This is especially true in the social sciences, ______ major developments have often been motivated in large measure by the desire to change the social system, to validate existing social policies and practices, or to counteract hegemonic beliefs about human nature.A. in whichB. whichC. by whichD. to which28. Sue Wright has also made a significant contribution to the field, especially with regard ______ Europe.A. aboutB. toC. forD. of29. Dog ______ are large, fenced-in areas for dogs to exercise unleashed. Created with the expertise of a Parks Department landscape architect and volunteers, the runs encourage play while supplying good drainage, safe lighting, and healthy plantings.A. runningB. runC. runsD. to run30. There is no man ______ errs.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. but31. The United States has no official policy. Responsibility for schooling rests _____ states and not the national government.A. withB. offC. beyondD. up32. The book aims to be accessible to non-specialists from a variety of fields in the social sciences, and to ______ language policy as an area of research within sociolinguistics and, more broadly, within the social sciences and humanities.A. be positionB. positionC. positioningD. to position33. I would ______ Vicky wait for us at the university gate at 3 pm tomorrow.A. askB. haveC. getD. inform34. After my speech, I heard a ______ of cough from the corner of the auditorium.A. displayB. pealC. fitD. slice35. The U.N. Security Council authorized the operation to protect Libyan civilians after Gadhafi launched attacks against anti-government protesters who demanded that he ______ down after42 years in power.A. has steppedB. stepsC. steppedD. step36. In recent years research in language policy has been motivated, at least ______ part, by concerns about the accelerating loss of languages worldwide.A. beyondB. inC. toD. on37. He is about to take the floor ______ linguistics.A. esteemingB. evadingC. retardingD. respecting38. The children are making ______ that they are princes and princesses.A. believingB. believeC. to believeD. believed39. Whom would you rather ______ with you, George or me?A. to goB. have goneC. goingD. have go40. Protesters hold a banner and posters behind a canister(圆筒) _______ the radiation symbol during a rally demanding the immediate closure of the Garona Nuclear Power Plant, outside the plant in the province of Burgos March 27, 2011.A. bearB. to bearC. has borneD. bearing41. The thing for Elvis to do now is ______ a suitable case to investigate.A. seekB. soughtC. seekedD. seeking42. Both the U.S. and Israel have not ruled out military option against Iran's controversial nuclear program, which the West suspects is aimed at making atomic weapons. Iran denies the charge, saying its nuclear activities are geared toward peaceful purposes like power generation. The verbal phrase “rule out” means _____.A. call offB. call onC. call forD. call back43. The sooner ______, the more likely ______ him at the crisscrosses.A. do you start…will you meetB. will you start…will you meetC. you start… you will meetD. you will start…you will meet44. There are ______ armchairs in the living room.A. dark three very comfortable blueB. three very dark comfortable blueC. three very comfortable dark blueD. dark blue three very comfortable45. A second grouping is the Romance one, a list on which Spain would also appear alongside France, Portugal and Romania ______ it not for its post-Franco recognition of selected minority languages in autonomous regions.A. would beB. isC. wereD. was46. The enemy had no way out but _______.A. to surrenderB. surrenderingC. surrenderD. having to surrender47. Professor Flower from the University of Maryland is about to take the floor ______ linguistics.A. esteemingB. evadingC. retardingD. respecting48. She must have worked all night, for, you see, she is with ______ eyes.A. sunkenB. sinkingC. sunkD. sink49. Forces may be ______ word, with its implication of causality.A. a strong suchB. too a strongC. a such strongD. too strong a50. While language management was generally left to the states, whose policies reflected national beliefs, starting in 1962, the widespread implementation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, providing access to federally provided and funded services for persons with limited English proficiency, bolstered for a while by the Bilingual Education Act and theoretically continued in the English Language Learner programs of recent educational law, ______ to defend the language rights of those in the United States who do not speak English.A. had been workingB. have been workingC. are workingD. has been working51. I’d rather you ______ to the library for the collection of the data now.A. goB. wentC. had goneD. have gone52. I wouldn’t trust _______ judgment.A. anyone’s elseB. anyone else’sC. an yone’s else’sD. anyone else53. I really cannot understand ______ refusing to call her mom even in private.A. heB. himC. hisD. himself54. I ______ to call on you, but was prevented from doing so.A. had meantB. have meantC. meanD. meant55. The factory normally makes clocks and watches, but during the war it produced precision instruments for aeroplanes. The underlined word can be replaced by ______ without changing the meaning.A. turned outB. turned upC. turned downD. turned on56. ______ care would have prevented the road accident.A. MuchB. A littleC. LittleD. Less57. He operates the new machine as if he _____ special training in it.A. has receivedB. had receivedC. would receiveD. received58. Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, _____ to find it locked.A. justB. onlyC. henceD. thus59. ______ rain, the football match will be postponed.A. In the consequence ofB. In defiance ofC. In danger ofD. In the event of60. Concerns about the falling standard of English (and the resultant lack of competitiveness), the unemployment rate of the ethnic Malays who are largely monolingual and the continued segregation of the races prompted the then Minister of Education, Musa Mohamed, ______ that beginning from January 2003 a Malay-English mixed-medium education would be implemented in national schools.A. declaringB. having declaredC. declareD. to declare61. Sophie tricked her boyfriend ______ she had forgotten his birthday.A. believeB. to believeC. believingD. into believing62. People hate ______ queues everywhere.A. there beingB. there to beC. there beD. there is63. This year's GCSE results reflected a fall in the number of teenagers choosing to study a modern language. The number of candidates studying French fell _____ 13.2% compared with last year.A. ofB. byC. atD. in64. On the way back to the campus, we came across a ______ coupleA. newly-weddingB. newly-weddedC. new-weddingD. new-wedded65. The teacher is always dealing ______ and square with all the students irrespective of sex and test scores.A. fairlyB. fairB. firm D. firmly66. Mr. Wells, together with all the members of his family, _____ for Europe this afternoon.A. are to leaveB. are leavingC. is leavingD. leave67. The teaching of English often became the major priority, and there was no serious attention to maintaining the other language once this had been achieved. The underlined pronoun “this” refers to _____.A. the teaching of EnglishB. attentionC. the major priorityD. the other language68. He operates the new machine as if he _____ special training in it.A. has receivedB. had receivedC. would receiveD. received69. The report claims that Congo's war--which lasted from 1998 to 2003--and its aftermath ______ caused more deaths than any other global conflict since WWII.A. haveB. hadC. hasD. having70. There’s now some hope of ______ a settlement of the dispute.A. there beingB. there to beC. there beD. there areII.Point out the sentence types of the following, and then Enlarge and complicate these sentences without changing their sentence types, and finally underline the original sentence elements. (20 points)Eg. The governments shall take measures. →SVO: For the sake of popularizing Putonghua and the standardized Chinese characters, the governments at various levels and the relevant departments under them shall take measures.1. The turbulent “cultural revolution” occurred.2. The deed tarnished his reputation.3. The authorities offered the company a chance to raise the threshold.4. The world sees US credit rating teetering on edge.5. There are vogue wordsIII. Translate from Chinese to English. (30 points)陈士成看过县考的榜，回到家里的时候，已经是下午。

2015年对外经济贸易大学357英语翻译基础考研真题回忆版词汇翻译（30分）英译汉：从10个terms里面挑5个translate and define them briefly in Chinese (共15分，一个3分）1 added value tax增值税想要获取更多考研相关课件、历年真题、答案解析等相关资料请登陆贸大考研论坛增值税是以商品（含应税劳务）在流转过程中产生的增值额作为计税依据而征收的一种流转税。

从计税原理上说，增值税是对商品生产、流通、劳务服务中多个环节的新增价值或商品的附加值征收的一种流转税。

实行价外税，也就是由消费者负担，有增值才征税没增值不征税。

2 annual financial report年度财务报告惠园教育我们只专注于对外经贸大学考研辅导年度财务报告是指年度终了对外提供的财务报告。

通常将半年度，季度和月度财务报告统称为中期财务会计报告。

年度财务报告作为综合反映企业单位年末财务状况、全年经营成果和现金流量的报告，在沟通企业单位管理层与财务会计报告使用者之间起着十分重要的桥梁作用。

3 bull market牛市，旺市；多头市场。

牛市，旺市指交易旺盛的市场形势，和"淡市'相对。

多头市场又称买空市场，是指股价的基本趋势持续上升时形成的投机者不断买进证券，需求大于供给的市场现象。

4 law of diminishing marginal returns边际收益递减规律惠园教育我们只专注于对外经贸大学考研辅导又称边际效益递减规律，或边际产量递减规律，指在短期生产过程中，在其他条件不变（如技术水平不变）的前提下，增加某种生产要素的投入，当该生产要素投入数量增加到一定程度以后，增加一单位该要素所带来的效益增加量是递减的，边际收益递减规律是以技术水平和其他生产要素的投入数量保持不变为条件的条件下进行讨论的一种规律。

5 angel investment天使投资想要获取更多考研相关课件、历年真题、答案解析等相关资料请登陆贸大考研论坛是权益资本投资的一种形式，是指富有的个人出资协助具有专门技术或独特概念的原创项目或小型初创企业，进行一次性的前期投资。

2015年上海理工大学
考研翻译硕士MTI真题回忆版分享
一、英语基础
①单项选词：50+20个=45分，量有点大不过考的很基础；
②阅读5篇：有一篇是关于美国医疗改革的，没有写summary那种题，也很easy，平时那专八练足够了。

③作文，500 Words：我没写满，考试的时候画格子花了很多时间，后面时间不够了。

题目：富裕家庭的孩子抗挫能力较差吗。

我在专八作文上背过一篇一样的，不过考试的时候忘得差不多了
二、翻译基础
① 30个短语互译：纳米技术，电子商务，紫外线，语音翻译，热点，粒子物理学、杂交水稻、字幕翻译、新能源观、微信、单独二孩政策、APEC、LCD、Ebola、muti-language vendor；
②英译汉两篇：一篇是翻译三个长句子，关于电子商务的，另一篇全部译，关于纳米技术，关键词有autom；
③汉译英两篇：一篇关于太空探索使用机器人还是送人上太空的讨论，另一篇是旅游产业的优势，第一句就是：旅游产业是第三产业的龙头企业，近年来发展迅猛；
三、汉语百科：
① 20个名词解释：四书五经，阴阳五行学说，文艺复兴，宗教改革，工业革命，黑人民权运动，种族隔离制度，艾滋病，CPU,CPI,通货膨
1
胀，严复，信达雅；
②小作文：关于某市成年人香烟消费状况的调查报告没要求字数，关键是格式；
③大作文题目：“福兮祸所伏，祸兮福所倚”，800字。

（内容来源：考研论坛）
2。

上海交通大学MTI历年考研真题回忆感谢凯程郑老师对本文做出的重要贡献2015考研初试已经结束，小编在考后整理了2015年上海交通大学翻译硕士考研真题(网友回忆版)，请参考!翻译硕士英语(211)一、单选(1\'x30=30\')全是词汇，没有语法。

二、阅读理解(40’)前三篇选择题形式每篇5道题有选项完形给出15个词，一篇文章，十个空，用所给词的适当形式填空，每个词至多使用一次，有的词用不到。

三、作文Jinan(east China Shandong province) Children welfare office has set up baby hatches.This has caused great controversy.While some said this helped save lives,other people said this encourage irresponsibility.Do baby hatches encourage irresponsibility?You should creat a title for your article.(>400words)英语翻译基础(357)一、a)英译汉(1x15=15\')1、ebolophia2、biopic3、next of kin4、time cofetti5、stipendiary6、ice bucket challenge7、bucket under8、selfie9、ex officiob)汉翻英(1x15=15\')1、负面清单2、帽子戏法3、化干戈为玉帛4、集思广益5、不结盟运动6、无神论7、银弹外交8、储备金二、a)英译汉(60\')两小段，大概讲关于首批抵达新英格兰的人b)汉译英(60\')四小段，大概讲一个头脑受过训练的人看一件事是用批判与客观的态度，并以适当的知识为依据。

目录Part 1 翻译硕士英语阅读基础班入门知识 (2)（一）翻硕阅读考试大纲 (2)（二）翻硕阅读复习计划 (2)Part 2 翻译硕士英语阅读选择题理论部分 (3)（一）翻译硕士英语阅读选择题制胜法宝 (3)（二）从微观视角进行语篇分析 (5)（三）从宏观视角进行语篇分析 (7)1. 叙述语体结构 (8)2. 说明语体结构 (10)3. 论证语体结构 (12)Part 3 翻译硕士英语阅读选择题实践部分 (14)Text 1 (14)Text 2（中山大学2010年真题） (18)Text 3（北京外国语大学2008年真题 (20)Text 4（天津外国语大学2011年真题） (23)Part 4 翻译硕士英语阅读简答题理论部分 (24)Part 5 翻译硕士英语阅读简答题实践部分 (30)Part 1 翻译硕士英语阅读基础班入门知识（一）翻硕阅读考试大纲1.考试要求（1）能读懂常见外刊上的专题报道、历史传记及文学作品等各种文体的文章，既能理解其主旨和大意，又能分辨出其中的事实与细节，并能理解其中的观点和隐含意义。

（2）能根据阅读时间要求调整自己的阅读速度。

由于翻译硕士英语由各招生单位自主命题，阅读部分的文章长度差别比较大，阅读量大的能达到4000多词（如四川大学），小的只有1500词左右（如对外经贸大学），大多数院校阅读量控制在2500词至3000词左右。

2. 题型（1）选择题（包括信息事实性阅读题和观点评判性阅读题）（2）简答题（要求根据所阅读的文章，用3-5行字数的有限篇幅扼要回答问题，重点考查阅读综述能力）本部分题材广泛，体裁多样，选材体现时代性、实用性；重点考查通过阅读获取信息和理解观点的能力；对阅读速度有一定要求。

总分40分。

考试时间为60分钟。

（二）翻硕阅读复习计划第一阶段：5月中旬—6月底任务：了解翻硕阅读出题思路，夯实基础，增加词汇量方法：精读文章，把握主旨，概括大意，分析长难句注意：①增强背景知识。