高二英语必修5 模块 3 语法讲解教案直接引语转换成间接引
语的规则
引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。直接引用别人的原话，叫作直接引语，用自己的语言转述别人的话，叫作间接引语。直接引语用引号标出，而间接引语不需要引号。直接引语为陈述句。一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，和祈使句，转换成间接引语时，句子的结构，人称，时态，时间状语和地点状语都有变化。
1．人称的转变
直接引语转化成间接引语时，人称要根据情况作必要的变化。
She said , “I am very sorry.”
----- She said that she was very sorry.
“ You should be more careful next time,” my father told me.
---- My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.
He said to his son, “I’ll check your homework tonight.”
----- He said to his son that he would check his homework that night.
2. 时态的转换
直接引语改为间接引语时，主句的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句（即间接引语部分）的谓语动词在时态方面要作出相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实际也是宾语从句的时态要求）。
时态的变化例句
直接引语中的时态转换成间
接引语
后的时态
直接引语间接引语
一般现在时一般过去
时He said, “ I am afraid I can’t
go.”
He said that he was
afraid he couldn’t go.
现在进行时过去进行
时He said, “I am reading now.”He aid that he was
reading then.
现在完成时过去完成
时He said, “I have not heard from
her since July”
He said that he had not
heard from her since
July.
一般过去时过去完成
时“Why did he refuse to go
there?” the teacher asked.
The teacher asked why
she had refused to go
there.
一般将来时过去将来
时He asked the conductor, Where
shall I get off to change a No.3
bus?”
He asked the conductor
where he would get off
to change to a No.3 bus.
过去完成时不变Mother asked me, “Had you
finished your homework before
you watched TV?”Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.
过去进行时不变Tom said, “We were having a
football match this time
yesterday. Tom said that they were having a football match that time the day before.
3.时间状语，地点状语及某些对比性的指示代词和动词的变化。
时间状语电、地点状语及某些对比性的指示
代词和动词的变化
例句
直接引语中转换成间接引语直接引语间接引语直接引语
this that He said, “I’ll
come this
evening.”He said that he would go that evening.
these those She said, “These
books belong too
me.”She said that those books belonged to me.
now then He said, “It’s
time to go now.”He said that it was time to go than.
today that day He said. “ I have
had two meetings
today.”He said that he had had two meetings today.
yesterday the day before He said, “ I went
there yesterday.”He said that he had gone there the day before.
last the…before He said, “I saw
her last week.”He said that he had seen her the week before.
tomorrow the next day He said, “ I will
go there
tomorrow.”He said that he would go there the next day.
here there He said, “I was
here three days
ago.”He said that he had been there three days before.
bring take He said, “I will
bring my son here
next time.”He said that he woul take his son there the next time.
come go He said, “ I will
come this
afternoon.”He said that he would go that afternoon.
4．直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变的情况。
1）直接引语表述的是客观事实。科学真理和格言时，例如：
The teacher said “ The earth moves round the sun.”
---- The teacher said that the earth moves round the sun. He said, “ Practice makes perfect.”
----- He said that practice makes perfect.
2) 主句的时态是一般现在时、现在进行时或一般将来时时。例如：He often says, “I will never forget you.”
---- He often says he will never forget me.
He will say, “ I have done my best..”
---- He will say that he has done his best.
