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高考英语语法专项复习代词知识点整理总结距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
一、代词的分类二、代词的用法考点一it, that, one(s), those的用法1．it代替的是前面提到的同一事物，即同名同物，所代替的名词可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。
如：I’d like to look at that atlas. May I borrow it?我想看看那张地图，我能借用一下吗(it代替可数名词atlas)？2．one叫作泛指代词代替的是前面提到的同名异物中的任何一个，所代替名词是可数名词单数，其前可带冠词与修饰语。
如果代替复数名词，则用ones。
如：①The population problem may be the greatest one in the world today.人口问题可能是当今世界上最大的一个问题。
some和any的区别和用法要表示"一些"的意思，可用some, any。
some 是肯定词，常用于肯定句；any是非肯定词，常用于否定句或疑问句。
例如：There are some letters for me.There aren''t any letters for me.Are there any letters for me?I seldom get any sleep these days.any也常用于条件分句以及带有否定含义的句子中：If you have any trouble, please let me know. 如果你有任何麻烦，请让我知道。
I forgot to ask for any change. 我忘了要一些零钱。
当说话人期待肯定回答时，some也可用于疑问句, 比如当说话人期待来信时，他可以问道：Are there some letters for me?当购物时向售货员提问或者主人向客人表示款待时，也可在疑问句中用some:Could I have some of these apples?some和any 既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词，some常用在肯定句中，而any则常用在否定和疑问句中。
因此 some和any 的用法主要是考虑用在肯定句、疑问句还是否定句中，与名词的可数与否无关。
some意为“一些”，可作形容词和代词。
它常修饰可数名词复数。
如：some books一些书，some boys一些男孩，也可修饰不可数名词，如：some water一些水，some tea一些茶叶，some常用在肯定句中。
any意为“任何一些”，它也可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，常用于疑问句和否定句。
如：--I have some tea here. 我这儿有些茶叶。
--I can’t see any tea. 我没看见茶叶。
--Do you have any friends at school? 你在学校有些朋友吗?--I have some English books, they are my best friends. 我有英语书，它们是我最好的朋友。
代词one, the one, that及those的用法辨析李春【来源：新高考(高三语数外)】代词辨析实际上是一类比较难的试题，很多同学往往混淆其中难以理清，本文就有关易混的几个代词来作一下重点的剖析并通过强化训练来帮助同学们更好地掌握有关代词的用法:一、代词one 与the one 的用法请看以下几个例句:( 1) It is a very colorful event, one that has become an institution (习俗，风俗) for celebrating the King or Queen’s birthday since 1805. ( 2) Meeting my uncle after all these years is an unforgettable moment, one that I will treasure forever.( 3) Tom wants to buy a birthday present for his mother, one that is useful but not expensive.( 4) Never forget that within even the weakest of human bodies lies a life that is precious indeed—one that needs to be respected and honored.分析通过对以上例句的观察我们可以发现代词one 在以上例句中均充当同位语这一成分，且代词one 后面都有由that 引导的定语从句来修饰，此处为何选择使用one 呢因为此处代词one 分别指前文中的a very colorful event，an unforgettablemoment，a birthday present，a life，也就是说one 一词表示泛指( 且只能指代可数名词) , 指代前文中的泛指结构，前文中泛指结构中通常有不定代词a。
those和ones的用法一、什么是those和ones在英语语法中，those和ones都是代词，用于指代特定的名词或名词短语。
它们被广泛运用于日常口语和书面英语中，帮助我们避免重复使用相同的名词，并使句子更加简洁有力。
接下来的文章将详细介绍those和ones的用法及其在不同情境下的适用性。
二、 those的用法1. 指示代词Those作为指示代词时，用于表示较远距离的人或物。
例如：“Look at those beautiful flowers in the garden!”（看那些漂亮花园里的花！）这个例句中，those指代花园里的花朵，并强调了它们与说话者或听众之间的距离。
2. 替代前文提到过的事物当前文已经提到了某个事物，而且说话者认为听众应该知道或对此感兴趣时，可以使用those作为替代。
例如：“There are three books on the table. Those are mine.”（桌子上有三本书。
那些是我的。
）这个例子中，“Those”替代了前文提到的“books”，进一步强调了说话者拥有这些书籍。
3. 强调特定的名词或名词短语有时，those被用来强调一些特定的名词或名词短语。
例如：“Those are the best cupcakes I have ever tasted!”（那些是我尝过的最好吃的纸杯蛋糕！）在这个句子中，those强调了“cupcakes”，表达了说话者对它们的赞美和重视。
三、 ones的用法1. 代替前文提到过的事物与those类似，ones也常用于代替前文中已经提到过的名词。
例如：“I havetwo cats, a black one and a white one. The black one is naughty, but the white one is very friendly."（我有两只猫，一只是黑色的，一只是白色的。
替代词that和those的用法1．that和those通常用作指使代词，也可用作替代词。
它们总是伴随着限定性的后置修饰语，分别等于the one 和 the ones。
例如：The houses of the rich are generally larger than those of the poor．2．that也可替代不可数名词，但是 the one则不能。
例如：The resistance of a thicker wire is less than that of a thin one．以上两例中的that都不能换成the one。
3．that作替代词，只能指物，不能指人。
those作替代词，既可指物，也可指人。
例如：The blonde girl I saw was older than the one you were dancing with．该句中的the one不能换成that。
4．that用作替代词和它所替代的名词词组的中心词的“数”可以不一致。
替代单数名词时，只替代“the ＋单数名词”，不可替代“a＋单数名词”。
例如：The song by Schubert is more tuneful than that by Britain．（that＝the song。
song为可数名词。
）请注意，这里说的that只替代“the ＋单数名词”，不可替代“a＋单数名词梗系指that在句子中实际的作用，并非要求它在句子中所代表的前面出现的词组必须是“the ＋单数名词埂＠如：In those days they lived a life worse than that of a beast of burden．在该句中，前面出现的词组为a life，但that替代的却是the life。
that作为替代词，它不能用于零关系分句（即没有关系代词的定语从句）之前。
例如：The problem confronting us today is not dissimilar from that which the nation confronted in the 1930s．流落到美语里的汉语:现代社会各国语言相互渗透，美语中外来语也很多。
one表示泛指，that和it表示特指。
that与所指名词为同类，但不是同一个，而it与所指名词为同一个。
one it that的区别一、one/ it/that三者均可用作代词,指代前面提到的名词.一般说来,it指代同名同物; one与that则指代同名异物。
例句：I have lost my umbrella; I'm looking for it.(该句中it就是指前面的my umbrella)I have lost my umbrella; I think I must buy one.(one在该句中表泛指,因为myumbrella已经丢了)The umbrella you bought is cheaper than that I bought.(替代词that在该句中特指“theumbrella I bought”,以区别“the umbrella you bought”)二、one与that虽可用来指代同名异物,但one为泛指,相当于a/an+名词; that为特指,相当于the+名词.所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为 a/an /some /any; that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the /this /that。
例句：A chair made of steel is stronger than one made of wood.(该句中one可以换成achair)The water in the cup is hotter than that in the pot.(该句中that可以换成 thewater)三、one只能代替可数名词单数,代替可数名词复数时用ones; that既可以代替不可数名词也可以代替可数名词单数,代替可数名词复数时用those。
例句：I like this pen more than that one.(one代替可数名词单数pen)There were a few young people and some older ones in thehouse.(ones代替可数名词复数people)Mary's handwriting is far better than that of Peter.(that代替不可数名词handwriting)These pictures are more beautiful than those.(those代替可数名词复数 pictures)四、one既可代替事物,也可代替人,that只能代替事物而不能代替人.有时可以用the one或the ones代替that或those。
It, One, That三词之用法区别1.它们三词均作代词用，指代前文提到的名词。
但是it所指是同名同物，one和that所指是同名异物，如：我喜欢那辆汽车，可我没足够的钱买它。
I likethe car, but I have no enough money to buyit.我喜欢汽车，可我买不起一辆。
I like cars, but I can’t afford to buy one我想买的那辆汽车要比他的那辆漂亮得多。
The car which I want to buy is much more beautiful than that he has.2. It可以替名词性从句、动名词和不定式短语，还可充当形式主语或宾语，而one和that无此用法。
如：我发现按时完成这项工作是不可能的。
I find it impossible to complete the project on time.哪里能找到足够的食物和水还是个问题。
It is a question where we can find enough food and water.It可表示天气、时间、距离，以及现场情况知其为何事。
3. It和that都可以指代上文的一部分或全句,而one不能。
如:杰克和我在美国一起学习了三年,我是不会忘记这事的.Jack and I studied together in the United States; I’ll never forget it.如何做得更快更好?那确实是个问题.How to do it better and faster? That is really a question4. one和that虽然都可以用来指代前文同名异物的名词,但one指代同类中的一个,属于泛指=a/an+N;而that属于特指=the+N.如:Do you need my pen? No, thanks.I have got one (=a pen).The bridge built of steel is stronger than that built of stone.=the bridge5. One只能代替可数名词,复数用ones,而that可数或不可数均可代,复数用those.如:篮子里很多苹果,请把烂的拣出来.There are a lot of apples in the basket. Please pick out the rotten ones.我们的规章制度和别的机关的大为不同.Our rules are quite different from those of other organizations.北京的天气比上海的冷得多.The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Shanghai.6. One一般有前置或后置的修饰语,或没有;而that只可有后置的修饰语.如: This bag is too small. Please give me abiggerone.This school is the one that we visited last week.The air in the countryside is fresher than thatin cities.Make the best choice:1.—Did you find your dictionary yesterday?—No, I didn’t find______, but I’ve bought______.A. it/oneB. one/oneC. it/itD. one/it2. The recorder is better than ______I bought last year.A. the oneB. oneC. itD. whic3. The population of Zibo is smaller than _____ of Beijing.A. oneB. thatC. populationD. then4.—Would you like a cup of coffee?—No, I’ve just had______.A. itB. thatC. oneD. the one5. I have bought a new bike. My _____ doesn’t work.A. old thatB. that oldC. the old oneD. old one6.—Do you have my book, Mr Yang?—Yes, I have _______ right here.A.oneB. thisC. itD. that7. Is_______necessary that we clean the floor again?A. oneB. thatC. thisD. it8. These pictures are more beautiful than_____on the wall.A. thatB. thoseC. oneD. ones9. I was disappointed with the film. I had expressed_____to be much better.A. thatB. thisC. oneD. it10. _____is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. ThereB. ThisC. ThatD. It11. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have_______.A. itB. thoseC. themD. one12. Few pleasures can be equal to______of a cool drink on a hot day.A. someB. anyC. thatD. those13.—Why don’t we takea little break?—Didn’t we just have ______?A. itB. thatC. oneD. this14. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _____ didn’t help.A. heB. whichC. sheD. it15. There is a photo on the wall. _____ a photo of lei Feng.A. ItB. It’sC. ItsD. He’s16. Do you consider ______ wise to tell him the truth?A. thatB. thisC. whichD. it17. I l ost my pen. I’m lokingfor ______.A. oneB. thatC. itD. this18. I glanced my watch. ______was earlier than I thought .A. ThereB. ThisC. ThatD. It19. _____is important for us to learn foreign languages.A. ThisB. HeC. ItD. That20. ______ needs further discussion whether we’ll build a library or not.A. WeB. HeC. ItD. There21. The Parkers bought a new house but _______ will need a lot of work before they move in.A. theyB. itC. oneD. which22. People in the west make ______ a rule to buy Christmas presents for theirrelatives and friends.A. itB.thatC. thisD. as23. It was she ______ gave a sharp whistle, ______ makes it possible for us to catch the thief.A. who/thatB. that/thatC. that/whichD. who/it24. We’ll go to the cinema tonight. We must book the tickets in advance.Who’d like to do ______?A. thatB. itC. thisD. one25. ____ doesn’t make any difference my being there.A. ThatB. WhichC. HeD. It26. I hate _____ when people talk with their mouths full.A. itB. thatC. theseD. them27. _____ was December 26,1893______ Mao Zedongwas born in a common village.A. The day/whenB. It/thatC. It/whenD. That/on which28. Wasn’t ______a shame that she could never have any real happiness.A. thereB. thisC. thatD. it29. It was ______ discovered the secret first.A. I whoB. me thatC. myself thatD. myself who30. The baby was crying. His mother found ______ hardto make him laugh.A. herB. thisC. thatD. itKeys:1-5AABCD6-10CDBDD11-15DCCDB16-20DCDCC21-25BACBD26-30ACDAD。
1.it／one ／that三者均可用作代词指代前面提到的名词。
一般说来 it指代同名同物; one与that则指代同名异物。
I have lost my umbrella; I’m looking for it. （该句中it就是指前面的my umbrella）I have lost my umbrella; I think I must buy one. （one在该句中表泛指因为my umbrella已经丢了）The umbrella you bought is cheaper than that I bought. （替代词that在该句中特指“the umbrella I bought” 以区别“the umbrella you bought”）2.one与that虽可用来指代同名异物但one为泛指相当于a／an＋名词; that为特指相当于the ＋名词。
所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为 a／an ／some ／any; that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the ／this ／that。
A chair made of steel is stronger than one made of wood. （该句中one可以换成a chair）The water in the cup is hotter than that in the pot. （该句中that可以换成 the water）3.one只能代替可数名词单数代替可数名词复数时用ones; that既可以代替不可数名词也可以代替可数名词单数代替可数名词复数时用 those。
I like this pen more than that one. （one代替可数名词单数pen）There were a few young people and some older ones in the house. （ones代替可数名词复数people）Mary’s handwriting is far better than that of Peter. （that代替不可数名词 handwriting）These pictures are more beautiful than those. （those代替可数名词复数 pictures）4.one既可代替事物也可代替人 that只能代替事物而不能代替人。
代词it, one, ones, that, those的用法和区别
C-代词it, one, ones, that, those的用法和区别知识梳理
一.it，one和that的用法概述
代替前面的事物本身。
它可以代替可数名词，也可以代替不可数名词。
代替可数名词时，复数形式为they/ them.
没有增加语义，所以不能带有任何定语。
2. one
可以代替与前面同类不同一的事物；可以代替某类事物中的任何一个；可以做同位语，重
复指代前面的事物，其后有定语从句用以进一步说明前面的名词。
one表泛指，相当于a/an+名词。
one只能代替可数名词，其复数形式是ones。
one可以根据语义在它的前面或后面加上一些定语。
one前面不能直接加不定冠词（a / an）或物主代词，one前已经有形容词时，则可以加不
定冠词或物主代词；one前加the与否，取决于是否特指，如果特指就加the。
one既可以代指物，也可以代指人。
3. that
代替与前面同类不同一的事物。
that表特指，相当于the+名词。
它可以代替可数名词，也可以代替不可数名词。
代替可数名词时，复数形式为those。
that可以根据语义在它的后面加上一些定语，多数是of短语；它的前面不能存在任何定语。
that只能代指物。
二.it, one, ones, that, those的区别：
⑴.替代泛指的单数名词，通常用one。
替代泛指的复数名词，通常用ones。
如：I lost my old camera; this is a new one. 我的旧相机丢了，这是一个新的。
Did you get a ticket? Yes，I managed to get one.你弄到票了吗?是的，我设法弄到了一张。
Green apples often taste better than red ones. 青苹果往往比红苹果好吃。
⑵.替代特指的单数名词，可用 it， that， the one。
替代特指的复数名词，通常用the ones。
如：Don’t buy the expensive apples; buy the cheaper ones.别买那价钱贵的苹果，买那便宜的。
⑶.it，that，the one区别：
① one只能代替可数名词，复数形式ones；而that 代替不可数名词也可代替可数名词，复数形式those。
例如：There are a lot of apples in the basket, please pick out the bad ones. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in shanghai.
② it与 that 的区别是：表示同一事物时，用it；表示同类事物时，用 that 或 the one。
例如：The weather here is too cold. I don’t like it.这儿的天气太冷了，我不喜欢这儿的天气。
（it 在此指前面提到的 the weather）
The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Guangzhou.北京的天气比广州冷。
（that 在此指代的天气与前面提到的天气为同类
③ 替代事物时，三者均可用；替代人时，只能用 the one。
如：Who is her husband?—The one by the window.
哪位是她的丈夫？窗户边的那一位。
注意：当要替代性别不明的婴儿时可用 it。
④ o ne的定语除了前置的形容词、指示代词this ,that 外，还有后置的形容词、从句或短语；而that不能有前置修饰语,一般是后置的短语、分词或定语从句。
例如：This bag is too small. Please give me a bigger one.
This school is the one that we visited last week.
The air in the countryside is fresher than that in cities.
The population of China is much larger than that of Japan. 中国人口比日本人口多得多。
