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【2年中考1年模拟】2016年中考英语:专题(16)任务型阅读试题(含解析)

【2年中考1年模拟】2016年中考英语:专题(16)任务型阅读试题(含解析)
【2年中考1年模拟】2016年中考英语:专题(16)任务型阅读试题(含解析)

专题16 任务型阅读

?解读考点

我国教育部颁发的《英语新课程标准》倡导任务型的教学模式,要求教师依据课程的总体目标并结合教学内容,灵活地和有创造性地使用教材,设计贴近学生实际的教学活动,吸引和组织他们积极参与,并在此过程中培养学生用英语解决实际问题的能力,让学生学会用英语“做事”。任务型教学中包含的一个很重要的组成部分就是任务型阅读。新课程背景下英语中考命题以全面地考查学生的综合语言运用能力为宗旨,特别是要考查学生在具体情境中运用英语知识与技能的能力。任务型阅读正是新课程改革精神在中考中的体现。

直击考点

任务型阅读

任务型阅读是“阅读理解”的另一种形式,考查学生归纳概括能力和语篇结构理解能力。其内容涉及广泛,要求学生在阅读理解的基础上,完成一项任务或解决一个问题。所以“任务型阅读”是介于阅读理解和写作之间,其任务已不同于阅读理解中的选择题或书面表达,而是在理解文字的基础上,完成相应的图表或文字练习,从而有效地测试学生用英语“做事”的能力。

“任务型阅读”题型分析

任务型阅读主要考查学生收集信息、整理信息的能力,是对语言应用能力的考查,是培养学生阅读兴趣的一种很好的题型。它考查的题型多样,可以是翻译句子,也可以是改写句子,可以是填写表格,也可以是回答问题。根据对任务设计的要求不同可将其分为三类:阅读回答问题

根据短文内容回答问题是阅读理解的重要题型。针对初中知识水平,问题设计一般比较简单,多数考题针对文章中的细节,答案都能在原文中找到出处。最后一个问题通常为开放性题目,只要言之成理就能得分。

因为是问答题,所以一定要依据问句的形式和内容答题,解题时,要了解不同问题的回答方式。

通常第一道题都是一般疑问句,所以要用yes或no来回答;

选择疑问句回答时不用Yes/No,需选择其中正确的一部分来作答;

反义疑问句也用Yes或No来回答,但意思要视实际情况而定:

前肯后否,正常回答;前否后肯,根据事实从后往前翻译。

如(1)They work hard,don’t they?他们努力工作,不是吗?

Yes, they do.对,他们工作努力。/No, they don't.不,他们工作不努力(2)They don’t work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作,是吗?

Yes, they do. 不,他们工作努力。/No, they don't. 对,他们工作不努力

特殊疑问句要根据特殊疑问词具体回答。

例如:—What sport is favorite in American universities?—Footbal.

如果考生答“Play footbal.”会被扣掉1分。因为what问句应是名词性质的答案。

又如:—Is it easy or dificult for an overweight child to do exercise in P.E. lessons?

—Difficult./It’s difficult.

如果考生答“Yes,it’s difficult.”会被扣1分。因为选择疑问句不能用yes或no 来回答。

“任务型阅读”的复习策略

“任务型阅读”虽是新设的题型,但在我们的教材中并不陌生。新教材许多单元的阅读材料都以任务型阅读为主,而且任务设计形式丰富多样。那么如何在复习备考中使学生适应并掌握这一题型呢?

1.整体感知“任务”,了解“任务阅读”

俗话说“知己知彼,百战不殆”。为了理解和掌握“任务型阅读”,学生必须有感性认识作基础。因此,在复习之前,教师应该让学生明白“任务”的内涵,告诉学生什么是任务型阅读理解,它的具体要求和任务形式有哪些等等。教师可从教材入手,根据学生的学习兴趣和语言水平,选取课文中的任务型阅读作为例题分析,然后让学生找出教材中更多的任务类型进行归纳,只有让学生对任务型阅读有较全面的了解,熟练掌握解题技巧,做起题目方能得心应手,游刃有余。

2.精选阅读题材,激发阅读兴趣

好的阅读材料能够使学生体验学习英语的乐趣,树立学好英语的自信心。因此,在阅读教学中阅读材料的选择极其重要。

(1)选材要有趣味性

“兴趣是人的认识需要的心理表现,它使人对某些事物,优先给予注意,并带有积极的情绪色彩。”一篇令人感兴趣的文章能使学生保持一种激情去读完整篇文章。所以,在选材时教师可以选择一些学生感兴趣或和他们学习生活相关的话题内容,通过文字材料加以训练。比如,让对足球十分感兴趣的学生阅读一篇关于足球知识的文章,他从这篇文章中所获得的语

言知识远胜过他读10篇小故事。因此“兴趣”是最好的老师,当学生对阅读材料产生兴趣时,就能收到事半功倍的效果。当然,选择的材料必须内容丰富,各种类型的题材都应有所体现。

(2)选材要有实效性。

所谓时效性,也就是所选材料要与时俱进,紧跟形势。人人都有好奇心,特别是对于初中学生,更是如此,他们对周围的事物充满着好奇,关注热点问题,教师选择如建设节约型社会(节约水、电)、环境保护(污染、濒危动物)、奥运话题(学习英语、运动与健康、环保)等内容的阅读材料,能让学生感到活动的内容与他们的需求和身心发展一致时,使他们产生共鸣,教学内容就更容易内化,从而激发学生兴趣而达到完成任务的目的。因此,如果教师选择了一些贴近学生生活的阅读文章,就会在满足了学生好奇心的同时,也完成了对语言的输入,达到“润物细无声”的效果。

(3)选材要有针对性。

材料应适合全体学生参与,而不仅仅是让优秀学生参加;最好设计成若干种形式,使不同水平的学生都能参与并完成。

3.实施分层教学,增强阅读信心

美国著名教育家布卢姆认为学生的学习潜能是很大的,他相信只要教育得法,绝大多数学生都是可以掌握学校里交给他的各种知识技能的。因此在教学过程中,教师可针对学生的个体差异,实施分层次教学,设计如下多层次的教学目标:树立C层学生的自信心,培养他们学习兴趣,帮助他们养成良好的学习习惯:侧重B层学生的基础知识及语言运用能力的培养:加大A层学生的阅读量用综合语言运用的能力的训练。在具体的课堂教学中,教师可针对不同层次的学生设计不同难度的任务,使各层次的学生均能有所收获。如下面是一则任务型阅读的分层设计:

?2年中考

[2014年题组]

1. 【2014年内蒙古通辽市中考】

A loud noise suddenly hurts your ears while you enjoy a film in the cinema.

A stran ger makes you jump as he shouts at his friend on the other side of the city. Mobile phones are everywhere and sometimes they can be very annoying. Although they are n ecessities(必需品) of modern life, it is common to hear people complain about (抱怨) mobile phones.

Most public places have mobile phone rules. So try to keep your phone ring as low as possible or put it on vibrate mode(振动模式). It is good to leave your phone at home when you would be at school or when visiting a hospital.

If you need to make or take a call while in a meeting, at a restaurant or a theatre, go to the washroom. If you a re expecting a call, get a seat near the door. It is polite to tell others at the beginning that you are expecting an important call. When you get a call and you are with friends, keep the call short and speak quietly.

A good way to make sure that people don’t interrupt(打断)you and others is to tell your friends when it’s a good time to call.

根据短文内容,补全表格。

【答案】

low

leave

go to the washroom

sit

keep the call short

考点:考查日常生活类阅读

2. 【2014年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考】

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Many criminals leave something of themselves at the places of the crimes like a fingerprint or a hair. Or they take something away on their shoes or clothes, like dirt or animal hair. If they leave behind some of their blood or their hair or a piece of skin, it will have their DNA inside it.

Everyone’s DNA is different and their fingerprints are also differ ent. So, if a criminal cuts himself during a robbery or leaves his hair, or even a small piece of skin, scientists can find out what his DNA is. The police can then ask the person they think is the robber to give them his hair or some blood and see if it has the

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