1. Boy and man, I had been through it often before.
As a boy and later when I was a grown-up man, I had often traveled through the region
2. Here … heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity, the boast and pride of the richest and greatest nation ever seen on earth—
Here was the center of the most profitable and characteristic American activity –industrial activity.
3. and here was a scene so dreadfully hideous,…… to a macabre and depressing joke.
The scene that met the eye was terribly ugly and the whole region was so miserable and gloomy that it was unbearable. This dreadful scene makes all human endeavors to advance and improve their fate appear as a ghastly, saddening joke.
4. What I allude to is the unbroken and agonizing ugliness, the sheer revolting monstrousness, of every house in sight.
sheer revolting monstrousness: the absolute disgusting hideousness.
5. one blinked before them as one … a man with his face shot away.
a simile. The ugliness of these houses was as gruesome as a face that has been shot and mangled.
6. A few linger in memory, horrible even there.
Some of the houses remain in one’s memory and later when one pictures them in one’s mind they still appear to be horrible.
7. The country itself is not uncomely
The country itself is pleasant to look at.
8.It is thickly settled …
--- in this area a great number of people live closely together, but it doesn’t give the impression of being overcrowded.
9. …there are very few solid blocks.
solid block: a group of buildings with no breaks or empty space separating them.
Even in the larger towns there are very few solid blocks of houses, so there are still many empty spaces on which new buildings can be put up.
10. If there were architects of any ….
If there had been such architects they would naturally have built Swiss-type houses which would lie low and clinging to the hillsides.
11. And one and all they are streaked in grime, with dead and eczematous patches of paint peeing through the streaks.
All the house here are covered with dirt, and some paint which is not covered up by the dirt looks like dried-up scales formed on the skin by eczema.
12. When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring.
When the brick is covered with black soot of the mills it takes on the color of a rotten egg.
13. Red brick, even in a steel town, ages with some dignity.
Red brick, even in a steel town, looks quite respectable with the passing of time.
Even in a steel town, old red bricks still appear pleasing to the eye.
14. I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.
I came to the conclusion that Westmorland had the most loathsome towns and villages only after visiting and comparing many places.
15. They are incomparable in color, and they are incomparable in design.
People cannot find such terrible color and design in any other region.
16. It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had devoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them.
It is as some genius of great power, who didn’t like to do the right things and who was an inflexible enemy of man, employed all the cleverness and skill of hell to build these ugly houses.
17. They show grotesqueries of ugliness that, in retrospect, become almost diabolical.
They show such fantastic and bizarre ugliness that, in looking back, they become almost fiendish and wicked.
18. Are they so frightful because the valley is full of foreigners—dull, insensate brutes, with no love of beauty in them?
Are the houses so frightfully ugly because the valley is inhabited by a lot of foreigners who are stupid and unfeeling like animals and who have no love of beauty in them?
19. —save perhaps in the more putrid parts of England.
putrid: decomposing; rotten and foul-smelling
you won’t find any abominable houses in Europe, except in some rotten and decaying areas in England.
20. But in the American village and small town the pull is always toward ugliness, and in that W estmoreland valley it has been yielded to with an eagerness bordering upon passion.
But in the American village and small town, the appeal is always towards ugliness, and in that Westmoreland valley people have given in to this appeal eagerly or almost passionately.
21. There seems to be a positive libido for the ugly, as on other and less Christian levels there is a libido for the beautiful
People in certain strata of American society seem definitely to hunger after ugly things; while in other less Christian strata, people seem to long for things beautiful.
22. They meet, in some unfathomable way, its obscure and unintelligible demands.
These ugly designs, in some way that people cannot understand, satisfy the hidden and unintelligible demands of this type of mind.
23. But they chose that clapboarded horror with their eyes open, and having chosen it, they let it mellow into its present shocking depravity.
They chose, fully understanding what they were doing, this horrible house made of clapboard and then let it deteriorate to this present shocking, sinful condition.
24. After … they made it perfect in their own sight by putting a completely impossible penthouse, painted a staring yellow, on top of it.
They put a penthouse on top of it, painted in a bright, conspicuous yellow color and thought it looked perfect but they only managed to make it absolutely intolerable.
25. Out of the melting pot emerges a race which hates beauty as it hates truth.
From the intermingling of different nationalities and races in the United States emerges the American race which hates beauty as strongly as it hates truth.
26. It arises and flourishes in obedience to biological laws, and not as a mere act of God.
The birth and development of this madness is governed by the scientific laws of
biology and not due to some supernatural act of God.
27. Let some honest Privat Dozent in pathological sociology apply himself to the problem.
Let some lecturer in pathological sociology work diligently on this proble
1. By the very fact of production, he has risen above the animal kingdom.
Because of the fact itself that man produces, he has developed far beyond all other animals .
2. He emerges from nature by mastering her.
As man develops, he gains more knowledge of nature and becomes less its victim; his conquest of nature to serve his needs transforms him into her master. Thus he emerges from or rises above nature.
3. He separates himself from nature, … her master and builder.
By becoming nature’s master, by sta tioning himself above nature, man separates from nature. But at the same time he connects himself once again to nature to further conquer her and develop his understanding of her.
4. All are expressions of the creative transformation of nature by man’s re ason and skill.
All the above-mentioned work shows how man has transformed nature through his reason and skill.
5. There is no ulterior motive in work other than the product being made and the processes of its creation.
The worker is only interested in how and what he is going to make. He has no further motives.
6. There is no split of work and play, or work and culture.
The worker found pleasure and satisfaction in his work and through work he also developed and improved his mind. Therefore pleasure and work went together; so also the cultural development of the worker go hand in hand with the work he was doing.
7. Man, being afraid of his newly won freedom, was obsessed …
The craftsman felt safe and secure in his guild and profession, but became afraid now that he was entirely on his own in a highly competitive society.
8. W ork became, in Max W eber’s terms, the chief factor in a system of “inner-worldly asceticism,” an answer to man’s sense of aloneness and isolation.
Work became, according to Weber, the chief element in a system that preached an austere and self-denying way of life. Work was the only thing that brought relief to those who felt alone and isolated leading this kind of ascetic life.
9. W ork has become alienated from the working person.
In capitalist society the worker feels estranged from or hostile to the work he is doing.
10. He is concerned neither with the whole product in its physical aspects nor with its wider economic and social aspects.
He does not care about the end product itself or the part it plays in the overall economy or the way in which it serves the needs of society.
11. Instead of the machine … performed by machines.
Man has become a slave of the machine. In fact he has become a part of the machine, a substitute for the machine, doing those tasks which the machine cannot yet perform.
12.W ork appears as something unnatural….
To the worker, work seems like an intrusion, something which should not happen. It is an empty, unpleasant, deadening, degrading and pointless means to an end --- the pay check.
13.no wonder…less work:
it’s no surprising then that the worker’s objective at work is to do as little as possible to get his pay.
14. A pay check is not enough to base one’s self-respect on
Just earning some money is not enough to make a worker have a proper respect of himself.
15. This relationship of the worker to his work is an outcome of the whole social organization of which he is
a part.
The relationship of the worker to his work is decided by the whole organization, in other words, the capitalist sociey.
16. Psychology has lent its services to “human engineering”,…when it is well oiled.
The science of psychology has been applied to “human engineering”.
17. It is going to pay off in cold dollars and cents to management.
Better relations with the public will yield larger profits to management.
18. One speaks of happiness and means the perfect routinization which driven out the last doubt and all spontaneity.
People are forced into repetitive patterns which breed acceptance of their own manipulation and eliminates any independent thought or action.
19. But this usefulness often serves only as a rationalization for the appeal to complete passivity and receptivity.
But such practical use only plays the role which rationalizes the appeal to extreme idleness and willingness to accept things.
20. He has a feeling of fraudulency about his product and a secret contempt for it.
The businessman knows the quality or usefulness of his product is not what it should be. He despises the goods he produces, conscious of the deception involved.
21. This hatred…, is mainly unconscious, and only occasionally comes up to awareness in a fleeting thought, which is sufficiently disturbing to be set aside as quickly as possible.
All these feelings, according to Fromm, generally are dormant in the unconscious. Only occasionally he becomes aware of them, and then because they are so disturbing, he puts them aside as quickly as possible.
高考英语作文中常用的替换词 1.individuals, characters, folks 替换（ people, persons） 2.positive, favorable, rosy （美好的） ,promising（有希望的） ,perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good 3.dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill （有害的）替换 bad 如果 bad 做表语 ,可以有 be less impressive替换 eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation , as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive. 4.（ an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, many, if not most）替 换 many. 注：用 many, if not most 一定要小心， many 后一定要有词。 most， if not all ，Eg. Many individuals ，if not most ，harbor the idea that同理?用. 替换 most. 5.a slice of, quiet a few, several替换 some 6.harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that,it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that）替 think （因为是书面语，所以要加 that） 7.affair, business, matter替换 thing 8.shared 替换 common 9.reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits 10.for my part, from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion 11.Increasing（ly ）, growing 替换 more and more（注意没有 growingly 这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用 increasing/growing。修饰形容词，副词用 increasingly. Eg.sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth. 12.little if anything, 或 little or nothing 替换 hardly 13. ?? beneficial, rewarding替换 helpful 14.shopper,client, consumer, purchaser替换 customer 15.exceedingly, extremely, intensely替换 very 16.hardly necessary, hardly inevitable替换unnecessary,??avoidable
中常用替换高级词汇 （一） ★形容词： 1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken 2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off 3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding 4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous 5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable 6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest 7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome 8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous 9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching 10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated 11. 流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive ★动词： 1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize 2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger 3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with 4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate 5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture 6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur 7. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim = argue
1.alter v. 改变，改动，变更 2.burst vi.,n. 突然发生，爆裂 3.dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of) 4.blast n. 爆炸；气流vi. 炸，炸掉 5.consume v. 消耗，耗尽 6.split v. 劈开；割裂；分裂a.裂开的 7.spit v. 吐（唾液等）；唾弃 8.spill v. 溢出，溅出，倒出 9.slip v. 滑动，滑落；忽略 10.slide v. 滑动，滑落n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片 11.bacteria n. 细菌 12.breed n. 种，品种v. 繁殖，产仔 13.budget n. 预算v. 编预算，作安排 14.candidate n. 候选人 15.campus n. 校园 16.liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的 17.transform v. 转变，变革；变换 18.transmit v. 传播，播送；传递 19.transplant v. 移植 20.transport vt. 运输，运送n. 运输，运输工具 21.shift v. 转移；转动；转变 22.vary v. 变化，改变；使多样化 23.vanish vi. 消灭，不见 24.swallow v. 吞下，咽下n. 燕子 25.suspicion n. 怀疑，疑心 26.suspicious a. 怀疑的，可疑的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/db6571682.html,d a. 温暖的，暖和的；温柔的，味淡的 28.tender a. 温柔的；脆弱的 29.nuisance n. 损害，妨害，讨厌（的人或事物） 30.insignificant a. 无意义的，无足轻重的；无价值的 31.accelerate vt. 加速，促进 32.absolute a. 绝对的，无条件的；完全的 33.boundary n. 分界线，边界 34.brake n. 刹车，制动器v. 刹住（车） 35.catalog n. 目录（册）v. 编目 36.vague a. 模糊的，不明确的 37.vain n. 徒劳，白费 38.extinct a. 绝灭的，熄灭的 39.extraordinary a. 不平常的，特别的，非凡的 40.extreme a. 极度的，极端的n. 极端，过分 41.agent n. 代理人，代理商；动因，原因 42.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料，酒精
课题七A U8 Fashion 主 备 周霓主核孙亚莉 使用者张军红课 型 复习使用日期2015.1 【学习目标】 第一次备课（通案）第二次备课（个 案） 【导入新课】第八单元单词短语 【板书课题】Unit 8 Fashion 英语单词竞赛（1-12班） 姓名得分 时装；时尚...和...都 考虑由...制成 度过写信给 懒惰的等候 （女子的）短上衣寻找 领带躺 借给去从事 女士适合的 先生适合于 风格考虑 运动鞋手套舒适的皮革受喜爱的柔软的在...中光滑的紫色的可爱的灰色的帽子衣着讲究的夹克衫酷的特征棉织物昏暗的围巾材料两个设计丝绸模特羊毛包括靴子 英语短语集中记（1-12班） 2014.12.8 姓名 得分学生活动指导：熟练掌握本单元单词，组间自查、互查，组长记录，老师抽查。
考虑穿什么衣服think about what to wear 再过十分钟ten more minutes=another ten minutes 举行时装秀hold a fashion show 向某人展示不同类型的服装show sb different styles of clothes 穿着运动装wear sports clothes 一双运动鞋 a pair of trainers 深受年轻人喜爱be popular among young people 一条灰色的裤子 a pair of grey trousers 看起来精干look smart 看起来酷look cool 他们两个both of them 看起来时尚漂亮look modern and beautiful 穿着牛仔裤wear jeans 给她的朋友写信write a letter to her friends 篮球队的一员 a member of basketball team 等校车wait for the school bus 寻找我的舞蹈鞋look for my dancing shoes 玩一个新的电脑游戏play a new computer game 躺在床上lie on the bed 去参加晚宴go for a dinner 适合长时间步行be fit for a long walk 带着你的新帽子看起来很可 爱 look lovely in your new hat 由皮革/羊毛制成be made of leather/wool 练习讲单词practise saying the words 设计服装design clothes 做一面“时尚墙”make a “Fashion Wall” 我的时尚设计my fashion design 任何一种其他的颜色any other colour 不太长也不太大not too long or too large 穿着深蓝色的衣服看起来精干look smart in dark blue 。 学生活动指 导：熟练掌握 本单元词组， 组间自查、互 查，组长记 录，老师抽 查。 日清内容 Recite the words and phrases of Unit 8 教学反思
1. important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important) The way you and I approach today, and each day, is crucial. 我们对待今天以及每一天的方式都是至关重要的。 Whether at work or at home, the goal is to engage in activities that are both personally significant and enjoyable. 无论在工作中还是在家里，目标都是从事个人重大的并且令人愉快的活动。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/db6571682.html,mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere) Music has been called the universal language. 人们称音乐为世界的语言. Happiness is ubiquitous, may fall short of demand. 幸福无处不在,可还是供不应求. 3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants) He has received ample praise for the work he did. 他所做的工作，使他获得了广泛的赞美。 This place has plentiful material resources. 这地方的物质资源是丰富的。 4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly) We adhere to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly. 我们必须坚持人人都应该被平等对待这一原则。 The children cling to their father for more pocket money. 孩子们粘着爸爸，要他再给些零花钱。 5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.) Focus in the person who are talking with you,ignore something else. 把全身的注意力都集中在与你谈话的人身上，忽略其他。 6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent) His house is adjacent to mine. 他的寓所与我的相毗连。 It is certain that virtue adjoins pride on one side. 好的品德常会引人走向骄傲自满的一面，那是不假的。 7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL) He wooed and won her. 他向她求爱成功而结婚。 Older people may seek their own friends rather than become too emotionally dependent on their children. 老年人可以找自己的朋友而不会在情感上太依赖他们的子女。
1 v. 改变，改动，变更 2 . 突然发生，爆裂 3 . 除掉；处置；解决；处理() 4 n. 爆炸；气流 . 炸，炸掉 5 v. 消耗，耗尽 6 v. 劈开；割裂；分裂a.裂开的 7 v. 吐（唾液等）；唾弃 8 v. 溢出，溅出，倒出 9 v. 滑动，滑落；忽略 10 v. 滑动，滑落n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片 11 n. 细菌 12 n. 种，品种v. 繁殖，产仔 13 n. 预算v. 编预算，作安排 14 n. 候选人 15 n. 校园 16 a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的 17 v. 转变，变革；变换 18 v. 传播，播送；传递 19 v. 移植 20 . 运输，运送n. 运输，运输工具 21 v. 转移；转动；转变 22 v. 变化，改变；使多样化 23 . 消灭，不见 24 v. 吞下，咽下n. 燕子 25 n. 怀疑，疑心 26 a. 怀疑的，可疑的 27 a. 温暖的，暖和的；温柔的，味淡的 28 a. 温柔的；脆弱的 29 n. 损害，妨害，讨厌（的人或事物） 30 a. 无意义的，无足轻重的；无价值的 31 . 加速，促进 32 a. 绝对的，无条件的；完全的 33 n. 分界线，边界 34 n. 刹车，制动器v. 刹住（车） 35 n. 目录（册）v. 编目 36 a. 模糊的，不明确的 37 n. 徒劳，白费 38 a. 绝灭的，熄灭的 39 a. 不平常的，特别的，非凡的 40 a. 极度的，极端的n. 极端，过分 41 n. 代理人，代理商；动因，原因 42 n. 含酒精的饮料，酒精
43 . 呼吁，恳求 44 . 重视，赏识，欣赏 45 v. 赞成，同意，批准 46 . 刺激，激励 47 . 取得，获得；学到 48 .完成，到达；实行 49 n. 网状物；广播网，电视网；网络 50 n. 潮汐；潮流 51 a. 整洁的，整齐的 52 . 追踪，找到n. 痕迹，踪迹 53 . 拷打，折磨 54 . 漫游，闲逛 55 n. 蜡 56 v. 织，编 57 v. 保护，保存，保持，维持 61. v. 滥用，虐待；谩骂 62. a. 学术的；高等院校的；研究院的 63. n. （高等）专科院校；学会 64. n. 电池（组） 65. n. 障碍；棚栏 66. n. （船、飞机等装载的）货物 67. n. 生涯，职业 68. n. 船舶；容器，器皿；血管 69. a. 垂直的 70. v. 迫使，责成；使感激 71. a. 阴暗，模糊 72. n. 程度，范围，大小，限度 73. n. 外部，外表a. 外部的，外表的 74. a. 外部的，外表的，外面的 75. n. 汽油 76. n. 石油 77. . 推迟，延误，耽搁 78. . 腐烂，腐朽 79. a. 像样的，体面的 80. n. 路；路线；航线 81. v. 毁坏，破坏n. 毁灭，[.]废墟 82. n. 缘故，理由 83. n. 卫星 84. n. 大小，规模；等级；刻度 85. n. 庙宇 86. a. 乏味道，单调的， 87. .易于，趋向 88. n.趋向，趋势 89. a. 极端的，最大的，最终的n. 极端
上学期第7单元同步验收练习题听力部分（共20分）I. 听单词，判断该词是(√)否(×)含有所给的音素。（5分） 序号音素判断 1 /k/ 2 /s/ 3 /u/ 4 /e/ 5 /n/ II. 听句子，选出与其意思相符的图画。（5分） 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ III. 听对话，补全句中所缺的单词。（5分） M: Hi, Ann, let's make fruit salad. W: OK, Jim. That's a good (1)______. Can you make it? M: Yes, I can. W: How much (2)______do we need? M: Two (3)______. W: How many (4)______do we need? M: Let me see. We need three oranges. W: And how much (5)______do we need? M: One teaspoon. W: Anything else? M: No. Now let's make fruit salad. IV. 听短文，根据其内容选择正确答案。（5分） 1. Some people outside China like to have their tea______. A. with milk B. with nothing C. with milk and sugar 2. Chinese people like tea______in it. A. with milk B. with nothing C. with sugar 3. People in China eat______. A. more vegetables than meat B. more meat than vegetables
（冒号前面的是我们习惯想到的词，考试中尽量少用！一定要用后面的词去替换前面）We, everyone: any reasonable/sensitive soul/mind, talented minds, elite minds, versatile minds, personality, figures, celebrity, idiots, philosophic minds, genius More and more: increasingly, Big: enormous, tremendous, gigantic, titanic, astronomical, vast, boundless, Very: extremely, overwhelmingly, undeniably, remarkably, voluminously, excessively, exceedingly, tangibly, impressively, shockingly, Famous: renowned, celebrated, accomplished, distinguished, prominent, eminent, outstanding, preeminent, Good: spectacular, amazing, unbelievable, incredible, magnificent, adorable, fantastic, fascinating, admirable, respectable, cherishable, adorable, awesome, terrific, majestic, Bad: nightmarish, disgusting, despicable, monstrous, appalling, abhorring, repelling, repulsive, Important: significant, essential, basic, fundamental, indispensable, crucial, critical, decisive, determinant, dominant, predominant, infallible, Say, Believe，think: suppose, hold, claim, maintain, presume, assume, contend, argue, declare, I am convinced, conclude, Improve, better: further, promote, enhance, reinforce, strengthen, consolidate, cement, nurture, relieve, recover, Everyone knows: it’s a truth universally acknowledged t hat, It can never be denied, it is undeniable that，It goes without saying that，It is self evident that，It is highly advisably, imperative, remarkable that，It comforts one to know that… ◆常见替代词汇解释 1. accelerate: 后面接名词，表示“加速”，中性词，好事坏事都能用。 2. adequate: “足够的”，用来替代经常被使用的enough。 3. advance: 名词，“进步，发展”，用来替代文章开头经常使用的development，progress。 4. advisable / sensible / rational: “合理的”，都可以替代reasonable。 5. cannot afford to: “不应当做”，不是我们说的“负担不起”。 6. be alert to something: “对…保持警惕”，后面接消极概念。 7. alternative: “其他的选择或办法”，比如an alternative is that… 相当于in addition（除此之外）。 8. applicable / feasible / workable: 都表示“可行的”，用在政策、法令、手段等词前面做修饰语，既可增加字长，又可以提高词汇水平。 9. approach / channel: “方法，手段”，用来替代我们经常使用的一些简单词汇，如method 等。 10. approve of something: “批准，同意”，注意不要忘记介词of。 11. attach importance to something: 表示“重视，强调”，替代pay attention to。
英语作文中常用替换高级词汇 (一) ★形容词： 1、贫穷得:poor = needy ＝impovｅrishｅd ＝ poverty-strｉcｋｅｎ 2、富裕得:rich ＝ wealｔhy = affluent ＝ welｌ－to-dｏ= well-oｆf?3、优秀得:eｘｃellent = emｉnent ＝ top = oｕｔsｔandｉng 4、积极得,好得:good = conducive = benefｉcｉal=ａｄvanｔａgeoｕs?5、消极得,不良得:ｂａｄ = deｔriｍeｎtaｌ= ｂanｅfｕl ＝undesｉrable 6、明显得:obvious = aｐpaｒｅnｔ = eｖiｄent =maniｆesｔ 7、健康得: healthy ＝ robust = sｏunｄ = ｗhoｌｅsｏme ８、惊人得:surpｒｉsing = aｍazing = ｅxtraorｄiｎａry ＝ mirａｃｕlous?9、美丽得:beaｕtiful = attｒactivｅ = goｒgeous = eye-catching?1０、有活力得:ｅnergｅｔｉc = dynaｍiｃ= vigｏroｕs =animateｄ11?、流行得：ｐopulａr = ｐrｅvailing = pｒeｖａlenｔ= pervasｉvｅ ★动词: 1、提高,加强:imｐrｏｖe = ｅｎhａnce= pｒoｍｏte = ｓtrengthen = optiｍizｅ ２、引起:caｕse = ｔriggeｒ= eｎｄanger? ３、解决:solve ＝resolvｅ =addｒess = ｔackle =cope with = ｄeal ｗｉth 4、拆除:dｅstroy = ｔear ｄowｎ = knock ｄｏwn = erａdｉcatｅ 5、培养: dｅvelｏｐ = cultivate = fostｅr = ｎurｔｕre 6、激发,鼓励:enｃoｕrａge = moｔｉvaｔe ＝ｓtｉｍｕｌaｔｅ = ｓｐｕｒ 7、认为：thiｎk = ａssert= ｈold = claiｍ= ａrguｅ ８、完成：plete = fｕｌfiｌl ＝ａｃplｉsｈ= ａcｈiｅve 9、保留:keep = pｒesｅrve ＝ rｅｔaｉn = ｈold 11、10、有害于:destroy = impａir ＝undeｒmｉne = jeopａｒdｉze?
Lesson Two Marrakech George Orwell 词汇： thread (v.) : pass through by twisting，turning，or weaving in and out穿过，通过 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- pomegranate (n.) : a round fruit with a red，leathery rind and many seed s covered with red，juicy，edible flesh；the bush or small tree that bears it石榴；石榴树 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- chant (n.) : a simple liturgical song in which a string of syllables or word s is sung to each tune(礼拜仪式唱的)单调的歌 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- bier (n.) : a platform or portable framework on which a coffin or corpse is placed棺材架；尸体架 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- hack (v.) : break up(1and)with a hoe，mattock，etc．(用锄等)翻地，挖(土) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oblong (adj.) : longer than broad；elongated长方形的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- lumpy (adj.) : full of lumps；covered with lumps多块状物的；凹凸不平的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- hummocky (a.) : full of or looking like low，rounded hills布满小丘的；似小圆丘的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- derelict (adj.) : deserted by the owner；abandoned；forsaken无主的；被遗弃的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- lot (n.) : a plot of ground一块地 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- undifferentiated (adj.) : without clear qualities or distinctive characteristics 无区别的；无显著特点的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- mound (n.) : a heap or bank of earth，sand，etc．built over a grave，in a fortification，etc．土堆；堤；坟堆 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- prickly (adj.) : full of prickles多刺的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
英语作文常用高级词汇 ★形容词： 1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken 2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off 3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding 4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous 5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable 6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest 7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome 8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous 9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching 10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated 11. 流行的： popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive ★动词： 1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize 2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger 3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with 4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate 5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture 6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur 7. 认为： think = assert= hold = claim = argue 8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve 9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold 10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize 11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten ★名词： 1. 影响：influence= impact 2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard 3. 污染：pollution = contamination 4. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race 5. 老人： old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens 6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being 7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers 8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing 9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents
Lesson Five Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of USSR Words and Expressions to Learn 1.Nouns Winston Churchill, conviction, account, luncheon, appetite, aggression, opponent, spectacle, threshold, champion, onslaught, locust, prey, bomber, subjugation, vestige, doom, tyranny, prelude, Western Hemisphere, outrage, 2.Verbs wring, cow, smart, concur, moralize, hurl, intervene, fortify, lure, slacken, till, revert, thrive, redouble, enlist, broadcast, ground, unfold, clank, click, resolve, parley, strengthen, rescue, impel, prosper 3.Adjectives and Adverbs presently, enormous, arch, indistinguishable, devoid, ferocious, consistent, hideous, dandified, crafty, drilled, docile, brutish, villainous, irrevocable, steadfastly, woefully, hateful, namely 4.Noun Phrases the Nazi regime, racial domination, ferocious aggression, time immemorial, means of existence, primordial human joys, cataract of horrors, an attempted invasion, hearth and home 5.Verb Phrases make a favorable reference, round up, excel in, flash away, rid…off…, appeal to, engage in, subjugate…to…, count on, redouble exertions, revert to, 6.Other phrases the same is true of…, to the effect that, in due course, no more than, in vain, with rapidity and violence, on the threshold, it is not for me to speak of 7.Cultural Background Winston Churchill, WWII , Dominions, Commonwealth of Nations,
1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle 2损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize 3给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford 4培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster 5优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6 缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness 7 使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle 8 重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative 9 认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced 10 保护：Protect, conserve, preserve 11确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge 12 有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental 13 要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition 14 消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away 15 导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate 16 因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this 17 增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to 18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to 19保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out 20 急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably 21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly 22 宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim 23 发生：Happen, occur, take place 24 原因：Reason, factor, cause