济南市2015年初三年级学业水平考试
英语试题
本试题分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷共8页，满分为85分；第Ⅱ卷共4页，满分为35分。
本试题共12页，满分120分，考试时间为120分钟。
答卷前，请考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上，并同时将考点、姓名、准考证号、座号填写在试卷规定的位置。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题共85分）
注意事项：第Ⅰ卷为选择题，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
答案写在试卷上无效。
Ⅰ.听力测试【2015山东济南】
A)听录音，在每组句子中选出一个你所听到的句子。
每个句子听一遍。
（5分）
1. A. His name’s Mike. B. He’s my friend. C. My brother is at home.
2. A. Are these your books? B. Do you have white shirts? C. Do they have a basketball?
3. A. She isn’t my sister. B. I don’t like hamburgers. C. We can’t be late for class.
4. A. Why does Bob like math? B. When is your art class? C. Who is that young man?
5. A. See you tomorrow evening. B. Please keep quiet. C. Let’s go at six o’clock.
B)听录音，从每题A、B、C三幅图画中选出与你听到的对话内容相符的一项。
每段对话听
两遍。
（5分）【2015山东济南】
6. A B. C.
7. A. B. C.
8. A. B. C.
9. A. B. C.
10. A. B. C.
C)在录音中，你将听到一段对话及五个问题。
请根据对话内容及问题选择正确答案。
对话及
问题听两遍。
（5分）【2015山东济南】
11. A. To Hong Kong. B. To Moscow. C. To Thailand.
12. A. Because it’s beautiful. B. Because it’s close to home. C. Because it has tall towers.
13. A. Go shopping. B. Visit the museums. C. Climb mountains.
14. A. By train. B. By car. C. By plane.
15. A. For a year. B. For a month. C. For a week.
D)在录音中，你将听到一篇短文及五个问题。
请根据短文内容及问题选择正确答案。
短文及问题听两遍。
（5分）【2015山东济南】
16. A. In the UK. B. In the US. C. In Australia.
17. A. Her mother. B. Her father. C. Her brother.
18. A. At 10:00. B. At 11:00. C. At 11:30.
19. A. A red dress. B. A green skirt. C. A white blouse.
20. A. They talked about art. B. They watched a movie. C. They played games.
Ⅱ.读音选词根据所给句意和音标，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
（5分）【2015山东济南】
【2015山东济南】21. Miss Smith is _____________// with little kids.
A. god
B. grade
C. gold
D. good
21. D【解析】考查根据音标选单词。
句意为：史密斯小姐与小孩子们_________。
god神，上帝，名词；grade 年级，成绩，名词；gold金子，名词；good 好的，形容词。
本题考查短语be good with，意为“与……相处好；是灵巧的”。
故选D。
【2015山东济南】22. Mr. Jackson is my favorite teacher because he is great
________________//.
A. fat
B. find
C. fun
D. fine
22. C 【解析】考查根据音标选单词。
句意为：杰克逊先生是我最喜爱的老师，因为他是_________。
fat胖的，形容词；find 找到，发现，动词；fun 愉快的，有趣的，形容词；fine 好的（指身体好的），形容词。
本题考查“杰克逊先生是我最喜爱的老师”的原因是因为“他非常有趣（风趣）”。
故选C。
【2015山东济南】23. We have a school ______________ // every year and the students
enjoy it very much.
A. trip
B. tree
C. true
D. tape
23. A 【解析】考查根据音标选单词。
句意为：我们每年举行（进行）学校_________，学生们非常喜欢它。
trip旅游，名词；tree 树，名词，true 真的，真实的，形容词；tape 磁带，名词。
本题考查短语have a school trip，意为“举行（进行）学校旅游”。
故选A。
【2015山东济南】24. Annie’s family is going to have a yard ______________ // today.
A. seat
B. sale
C. silk
D. save
24. B 【解析】考查根据音标选单词。
句意为：安妮的家庭准备今天举行庭院_________。
seat座位，名词；sale卖，名词；silk丝绸，名词；save 节约，动词。
本题考查短语have a yard sale，意为“举行（进行）庭院廉售”。
故选B。
【2015山东济南】25. The boy was _______________ // from class because he
was ill in hospital.
A. about
B. artist
C. accept
D. absent
25. D 【解析】考查根据音标选单词。
句意为：这男孩_________上课，因为他生病住院了。
about关于，大约，介词；artist 画家，名词；accept 动词，接受；absent 缺席的，形容词。
本题考查短语be absent from class，意为“缺席上课”。
故选D。
Ⅲ.选择填空从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
（30分）
【2015山东济南】26. —Tom, are you watching TV again?
—No. I’m reading a ____________.
A. chess
B. ball
C. game
D. book
26. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意为：—汤姆，你又在看电视吗？—不，我在看（读）_______。
chess 棋；ball 球；game 游戏；book 书。
根据句意可知，本题考查read a book，意为“看书”。
故选D。
【2015山东济南】27. —Excuse me, Helen. What’s this in English?
—It’s __________ tomato.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
27. A【解析】考查冠词的辨析。
句意：—打扰了，海伦，这用英语怎么说？—（它）是土豆。
此处表示泛指数量的“一”用a或an，又tomato的第一个音标是以辅音音素开头，故其前用不定冠词a。
故选A。
【2015山东济南】28. —Where’s your sister?
—I don’t know. Is _________ in the bedroom?
A. he
B. she
C. him
D. her
28. B【解析】考查人称代词的用法。
句意：—你姐姐在哪？—我不知道，_____在卧室里吗？he是人称代词的主格，指男性；she是人称代词的主格，指女性；him是人称代词he的宾格，指男性；she是人称代词she的表格，指女性。
由句意知，充当句子的主语应该用人称代词的主格，因your sister指女性，此处用she。
故选B。
【2015山东济南】29. —Look! Is that your friend Lucy?
—No, it isn’t. Lucy has __________ hair.
A. big
B. tall
C. short
D. small
29. C【解析】考查形容词辨析。
句意：—看！那是你的朋友露丝吗？—不，不是的，她长着____ 头发。
big大的；tall高的；short短的，矮的；small小的。
谈论人的头发，通常用长或短修饰。
故选C。
【2015山东济南】30. —___________ is your favorite day?
—Monday. Because we have P.E. and music.
A. Why
B. Who
C. How
D. What
30. D【解析】考查特殊疑问词的辨析。
why为什么；who谁；how 怎样；what什么。
句意：— _________是你最喜爱的一天？—星期一，因为我们上体育课和音乐课。
根据答句“星期一”，可知上句是询问哪一天，应选用引导词what，表示“什么”。
故选D。
【2015山东济南】31. Tony gets up early in the morning. He likes to make breakfast _________ his family.
A. at
B. on
C. for
D. from
31. C【解析】考查介词辨析。
句意：托尼早晨起得早，他喜欢____全家做早饭。
at 在……；on 在……；for 为……；from 从……。
把四个选项带入空格处可知，用for填空符合语境。
故选C。
【2015山东济南】32. I’m a little hungry now. I only drank some __________ befo re I came to school.
A. bread
B. milk
C. banana
D. noodle
32. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意为：现在我有一点饿，在我来上学前，我只喝了一些_______。
bread 面包；milk 牛奶；banana 香蕉；noodle 面条。
根据句意可知，与drink 连用，表示“喝”的名词只有milk，意为“喝一些牛奶”。
故选B。
【2015山东济南】33. —Peter, __________ your cousin good at science?
—Yes, he is. He often helps me with my science.
A. do
B. does
C. are
D. is
33. D【解析】考查动词时态辨析。
句意：—皮特，你堂兄擅长科学吗？—是的，他擅长，他经常帮我学科学。
do用于一般现在时，是助动词或动词原形；does用于一般现在时第三人称形式，是助动词或动词三单形式；are用于一般现在时，其主语是非三单；is用于一般现在时，其主语是三单。
根据句意可知，本句考查短语be good at，意为“擅长于”，因句子的主语your cousin表示第三人称单数形式，故be动词应该用is，构成一般疑问句时，仅需要把is提到句首即可。
故选D。
【2015山东济南】34. This is a photo of my family. These are my parents ________ this is my brother Bob.
A. so
B. if
C. but
D. and
34. D【解析】考查连词辨析。
句意：这是我家的一张全家福，这些事物的父母亲______这是我的兄弟鲍勃。
so所以，表因果关系；if作“假如，如果”，引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，引导宾语从句，从句的时态可能用一般将来时；but但是，表转折关系；and和，表顺成关系。
分析句意知，前后句意构成“顺成”关系。
故选D。
【2015山东济南】35. —How many American students came to visit your school yesterday?
—Nine. Five are from New York, and the other _________ are from Boston.
A. two
B. three
C. four
D. five
35. C 【解析】考查数字的用法。
句意为：—昨天多少个美国学生来参观你学校的？—九个，四个来自纽约，其余的_________个来自波士顿。
本题考查数词的计算：9-5=4。
故选C。
【2015山东济南】36. Jeff exercises every day. He is the ____________ in his class.
A. longer
B. longest
C. stronger
D. strongest
36. D【解析】考查形容词辨析。
句意为：杰夫每天运动，他是他班上____。
longer更长；longest 最长；stronger更强壮；strongest最强壮。
根据句子的in his class可知，本题考查形容词的最高级，可排除A项与C项；其次，运动与身体的强壮有关，应排除B项。
故选D。
【2015山东济南】37. —Who lives together with this old woman?
—__________. She lives alone. Li Jing and I come to see her every Saturday.
A. Nobody
B. Somebody
C. Anybody
D. Everybody
37.A 【解析】考查不定代词辨析。
句意为：—谁和这位老妇人住在一起？—______，她独自居住，我和李晶每周六来看她。
Nobody没有人；Somebody某人，有人；Anybody任何人；Everybody大家。
根据“她独自居住”可知“没有人与这位老妇人一起居住”。
故选A。
【2015山东济南】38. —How long does it __________ to get to the station by taxi?
—About an hour.
A. use
B. have
C. take
D. spend
38. C【解析】考查动词辨析。
句意：——乘的士到达火车站多长时间？——大约一小时。
use使用；have有；take 花费，主语通常是物或形式主语it；spend 花费，主语通常是人。
根据句子的主语是it，可知本句的谓语动词应该用take，表示“花费”。
故选C。
【2015山东济南】39. —David, ____________ you please sweep the floor and take out the trash?
—OK, Mum.
A. could
B. may
C. should
D. must
39. A【解析】考查情态动词的用法。
句意：——大卫，你______扫地，把垃圾到处去吗？——好的，妈妈。
could能，会，可以，是can的婉转形式；may 可能，可以，常用于委婉的请求；should 应当，应该；must一定，肯定，必须。
根据句意可知，本题考查句型Will /Would/Can/Could you please…?意为“请你做某事，好吗？”，其中would与could均表示婉转形式。
故选A。
【2015山东济南】40. Many badminton fans watched the 2015 Sudirman Cup last month. Which of the following is a picture of this sports event?
A. B.
C.
40. A 【解析】考查图片。
句意：许多羽毛球粉丝观看了上个月的苏迪曼杯。
下面哪一个是这项运动的图片？图A羽毛球；图B篮球；图C足球；图D乒乓球。
故选A。
【2015山东济南】41. —Nick is not at school. ________________?
—He has a cold.
A. Who’s that
B. What’s the matter
C. How old is he
D. How much is it
41. B【解析】考查交际用语辨析。
句意：——尼克不在学校，____？——他感冒了。
Who’s that你是谁；What’s the matter怎么了；How old is he他多大了；How much is it多少钱。
根据答句知：上句应该是询问“怎么了”。
故选B。
【2015山东济南】42. —I can’t stand game shows. They are too boring.
—I don’t __________ them. I think they are OK.
A. stand
B. stay
C. ride
D. mind
42. D 【解析】考查动词辨析。
句意：——我不能忍受游戏节目，它们太无聊了。
——我不它们，我认为它们很好。
stand 忍受；stay 待，保持；ride 骑；mind介意。
根据句意可知：我不介意它们。
故选D。
【2015山东济南】43. —Is the car new or old?
—_____________. I bought it only three days ago.
A. Yes, it is
B. It’s new
C. No, it isn’t
D. It’s old
43. B 【解析】考查疑问句的用法。
句意为：——这辆小汽车是新的还是旧的？——_________，我三天前才买的。
A项回答一般疑问句；B项回答选择疑问句；C项回答一般疑问句；D项回答选择疑问句。
根据上句句意，本题是选择疑问句；根据后半句句意：我三天前才买的，说明这辆小汽车是新的。
故选B。
【2015山东济南】44. —How many hours do you play computer games every week?
—_____________. My mother doesn’t allow me to do that at all.
A. Both
B. Either
C. All
D. None
44. D【解析】考查代词辨析。
句意：——每周你打电脑游戏多长时间？——_________，我母亲根本不允许我打电脑游戏。
both两者；either(两者之中)任何一个；all 所有的；none(不确定数目中)一个也没有。
根据句意选D。
【2015山东济南】45. Before World Environment Day came, my classmates and I decided to ____________ some signs in our community.
A. put up
B. come up
C. look up
D. grow up
45. A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。
句意：在世界环境日来临之前，我和我的同学们决定在我们的社区____一些标语。
put up张贴；come up上升，提及；look up在字典里查找，抬头看；grow up。
根据句意，A项符合句意。
故选A。
【2015山东济南】46. Why not go to Sunshine Supermarket? You can buy everything ____________ there.
A. mostly
B. widely
C. cheaply
D. heavily
46. C【解析】考查副词辨析。
句意：为什么不去阳光超市呢？在那儿你可以_____买任何东西。
mostly主要地；widely 广泛地；cheaply便宜地；heavily重地。
根据句意可知此处表示你可以“便宜地”买任何东西。
故选C。
【2015山东济南】47. —What about the blue skirt on the right?
—I think it will ___________ nice on you.
A. feel
B. look
C. taste
D. sound
47. B【解析】考查连系动词辨析。
句意：——右边的蓝裙子怎么样？——我认为它穿在你身上很好。
feel感到；look 看起来；taste 品尝，尝起来；sound 听起来。
根据句意，此处应该表示“裙子穿在你身上看起来很好”。
故选B。
【2015山东济南】48. —Did you watch the soccer game last night? Our school team won the game in the last minute!
—Yes. I was __________ excited ___________ I could not fall asleep.
A. as; as
B. so; as
C. too; to
D. so; that
48. D【解析】考查结果状语从句。
句意：——昨晚你看足球赛了吗？在最后一分钟我们学校的足球队获胜了。
——看了，我_________激动_________我不能入睡。
as…as…,表示“和……一样”；(not) so…as…,表示“和……不一样”；too +adj./ adv. +to结构，意为“太……而不能……”；so+ adj./adv.+ that从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。
由句意可知答案选D。
【2015山东济南】49. The Chinese dream ___________ true if everyone works hard enough.
A. come
B. comes
C. will come
D. came
49. C【解析】考查时态的辨析。
句意：如果每个人都足够的勤奋，中国梦就会实现。
根据句意，本句是由if引导的条件状语从句。
在条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来，可推断出主句中应当用一般将来时。
故选C。
【2015山东济南】50. —_________ fresh air!
—Yes. Let’s go for a walk.
A. How
B. What
C. What a
D. What an
50. B 【解析】考查感叹句句型。
句意：——多么新鲜的空气啊！——是的，咱们一起出去散步吧。
感叹句有两种基本句型：（1）What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！（2）How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！本句中hair是不可数名词，应用what句型，其前不能用a或an。
故选B。
【2015山东济南】51. —__________ on the TV, Jim. I’d like to watch the evening news.
—OK, Dad.
A. Turn
B. Turns
C. Turning
D. To turn
51. A【解析】考查祈使句。
句意：——杰姆，_________电视，我想看晚间新闻。
——好的，爸爸。
本句人称前有逗号，可判断它是肯定的祈使句，应用动词原形开头。
故选A。
【2015山东济南】52. —There is a new amusement park in the west of Jinan. I haven’t been there.
—______________. Let’s go there this weekend.
A. Me, too
B. Me n either
C. I agree
D. I’d love to
52. B【解析】考查交际用语辨析。
句意：—在济南的西部，有一家新的娱乐公园，我还没有去过那儿。
—____，本周末咱们一起去吧。
Me, too我也是的，表示肯定；Me neither我也不，表示否定；I agree我同意；I’d love to我很乐意。
根据上句后半句：我还没有去过那儿可知答句应该是：“我也没有”。
故选B。
【2015山东济南】53. Sandy went to the shopping mall ___________ some clothes and school things.
A. buy
B. bought
C. to buy
D. buying
53. C 【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。
句意：桑迪去了那家大型超市，______买服装和学习用品。
buy动词原形；bought 动词过去式；to buy动词不定式；buying是现在分词。
根据句意，本句是动词不定式做目的状语，选项C符合题意，故选C。
【2015山东济南】54. —How long have you ___________?
—For almost ten years.
A. owned this garden
B. bought this car
C. arrived in Shanghai
D. come to this town
54. A【解析】考查现在完成时的用法。
句意：——你已经_________多长时间了？——差不多10年了。
For almost ten years意为“差不多10年了”，是一段时间，常用在现在完成时的句中，表示动作从过去某个时间一直持续到现在，要求句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
选项B、C、D三项均终止性动词，不能跟一段时间连用；而own意为“拥有”，指状态，可和一段时间连用。
故选A。
【2015山东济南】55. —Excuse me. Do you know __________________?
—Well, go along this street and turn right. There’s one on the left.
A. how can I get to the bank
B. where I can find a restaurant
C. when he usually gets to work
D. where is the police station
55. B【解析】考查宾语从句。
句意：——打扰了，你知道？——哎，沿着这条街走，向又拐，左边有一家。
本句考查宾语从句，宾语从句应用陈述句式，故排除A和D两选项，再根据答句表示的是问路的情况，不是问时间，可排除C，而选项B符合题意。
故选B。
IV．完形填空阅读短文，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。
（10分）
【2015山东济南】Jimmy was five years old and lived with his parents, the Watsons, in Smithville, in the southern United States. He loved his big black __56__, Big Boy. Last week, in the early hours of the morning, a strong smell suddenly woke Big Boy up __57__ his sleep. The dog got up and walked into the kitchen. There the smell and the heat grew stronger. Big Boy could __58___ that something was wrong, very wrong. He barked(吠) and ran up to the second floor. He barked and barked at the door of Jimmy’s room, __59__ there was no answer.
The he ran to Mr. and Mrs. Watson’s room. He barked again, more loudly, and tried to __60__ the door open. Mr. and Mrs. Watson didn’t wake up. Big Boy ran back to Jimmy’s room. He made as much _61___ as he could.
Finally, Jimmy came to the door and opened it. “Big Boy, what’s wrong?” Jimmy said. Big Boy took Jimmy’s __62_ in his mouth and tried to pull him down to the first floor. “Big Boy, Big Boy, stop! Stop! What are you _63__? Mum, Dad, come quickly! Help! Help!” Jimmy shouted loudly.
His parents ran out of their room. They understood that there was a fire. They __64_ picked Jimmy up and ran out of the house. Big Boy ran after them. Just then, the fire came all the way up to the top of the __65__.
Big Boy saved the family! He’s a hero today in Smithville.
56. A. hat B. boy C. bag D. dog
57. A. for B. from C. into D. with
58. A. feel B. wish C. report D. remember
59. A. so B. but C. if D. because
60. A. keep B. turn C. push D. close
61. A. food B. money C. noise D. friend
62. A. head B. nose C. neck D. hand
63. A. doing B. saying C. writing D. drinking
64. A. quietly B. slowly C. quickly D. seriously
65. A. tree B. house C. family D. mountain
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。
介绍了沃森一家的狗Big Boy救了沃森一家的性命，从而成为当今美国南部的史密斯维尔的英雄。
56. D【解析】考查名词辨析。
hat帽子；boy男孩；bag 书包；dog狗。
根据下文的复现，此处应该是dog。
故选D。
57. B 【解析】考查介词辨析。
for为；from 从；into 进入；with 有。
上一周，在凌晨的几个小时里，一股强烈的气味把Big Boy（狗）从它睡梦中弄醒。
表示“从”用from。
故选B。
58. A【解析】考查动词辨析。
feel摸，感到；wish愿望，希望；report 报告；remember 记住。
根据句意：Big Boy能感到有东西不对，很不对。
故选A。
59. B【解析】考查连词辨析。
so因此，表示结果；but 但是，表示转折；if 假如或如果，
是否；because 因为。
根据句意：它（指Big Boy这条狗）在吉米的门口叫来叫去，但没有人回音，前后两句表示转折。
故选B。
60. C【解析】考查动词辨析。
keep保持；turn 翻转；push 推；close 关。
它又叫了，叫得更大，并且努力推开门。
本题考查“推”用push。
故选C。
61. C【解析】考查名词。
food食物；money钱；noise噪音；friend朋友。
从前文的描述知，Big boy又跑回到吉米的房间前，可知下句意思是：它尽可能地大声发出噪音。
故选C。
62. D【解析】考查名词辨析。
head 头；noise 噪音；neck 颈；hand 手。
Big Boy用嘴咬这吉米的手，拖他到第一层。
故选D。
63. A【解析】考查动词辨析。
doing做；saying说；writing写；drinking 喝。
根据选项理解句意：Big Boy! Big boy! 你在干什么？爸，妈，快来啊！救命啊！救命啊！故选A。
64. C【解析】考查副词辨析。
quietly安静地；slowly慢慢地；quickly迅速地；seriously严肃地。
他们迅速地抱起吉米，冲出房子。
故选C。
65. B【解析】考查名词辨析。
tree树；house房子；family家庭，家；mountain山。
就在那时，火势已经蔓延到屋顶了。
故选B。
V．补全对话阅读对话，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案完成对话。
（5分）【2015山东济南】
Paul：Hi, Katy. 66
Katy：Fine, thanks, Paul.
Paul：How was your weekend?
Katy：67 I visited my grandparents, and I went fishing with my grandpa. Paul：Sounds like you had a good time, Katy. 68
Katy：Party? What party?
Paul：Tomorrow is my birthday.
Katy：Sure. 69
Paul：Around 6:00 p.m..
Katy：70
Paul：No, I’ll buy all the food and drinks.
Katy：OK. See you tomorrow.
66. A. Are you free? B. How are you? C. Can I help you? D. How’s the weather?
67. A. Yes, we did. B. That’s too bad. C. It was great. D. He was friendly.
68. A. can you come to my party? B. what did you see?
C. did you go to Amy’s party?
D. what about Sunday?
69. A. Where do you live? B. How can I get there?
C. When will it start?
D. When does she arrive?
70. A. How do you make a salad? B. Is there a post office nearby?
C. What’s you r favorite food?
D. Do I need to bring anything?
【文章大意】本文是一篇对话。
介绍了Paul准备过生日，邀请他朋友Katy的情况。
66. B 【解析】根据答句句意：很好，谢谢，保尔，可知上句是对身体状况提问。
故选B。
67. C 【解析】考查特殊疑问句的答句。
根据上句：你周末怎么样？答句不能用Yes或No 回答，可排除A；其次D项的人称上下文不一致，可排除；再根据后一句：我拜访了我的爷爷奶奶，并且和爷爷一起钓了鱼，可知答句应该是：（周末）很好，很愉快。
故选C。
68. A【解析】根据答句：聚会？什么聚会？可知上文是问“聚会”的情况，可排除B与D 项；其次再根据后一句：Tomorrow is my birthday.可确定A符合语境，C项意思不通。
故选A。
69. C 【解析】根据答句：Around 6:00 p.m..可知上句是问时间，可排除A项与B项；根据上下文可知：此处是谈聚会的时间，不是她来的时间。
故选C。
70. D 【解析】根据答句的No可知上句是一般疑问句，可排除A项与C项；其次根据答句中的I’ll buy all the food and drinks.可知不要带食物与饮料。
故选D。
VI．阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
（15分）
【2015山东济南】A
Philip is a school boy. On his twelfth birthday, he decided to give up eating meat. “I don’t think it’s right to eat animals,” he said. “They live on the Ea rth just like us and they are our friends.” Philip’s parents were not happy about that. “You are a growing boy,” his mother said. “You need meat. Do you want to stay short and be weak?” His mother put some beef, rice and carrots in front of him. “I want you to eat all your food now,” she said. “Don’t leave anything.” Philip didn’t want to make his mother sad. But he ate only the rice and the carrots.
“You’re a silly boy!” said his father. “I’m getting very angry at you.”
“I’m sorry, Mum and Dad,” answered Philip. “I don’t want you to be sad or angry. But I really don’t want to eat any meat.”
“Then have some fish, dear,” said his mother.
“Oh no, I can’t!” cried Philip. “Fish are living things too.”
“Well, you can’t have anything to eat at all if you don’t eat any meat or fish,” said his father.
The next morning Philip got up hungry. His father walked to the school with him and asked to see the teacher. “Is this what you teach the students at school?” he asked the teacher. “Philip refuses to eat meat at home. H e doesn’t listen to what I say.”
“I don’t agree with Philip,” replied the teacher. “But I think he’s brave to do what he thinks is right. We teach the students to do that.”
71. Philip decided to give up eating meat on his __________ birthday.
A. fifth
B. eighth
C. eleventh
D. twelfth
72. Philip’s mother thought that Philip would ___________ if he didn’t eat any meat.
A. stay short
B. feel happy
C. get hungry
D. keep healthy
73. What did Philip’s mother ask him to eat when he refused to eat meat?
A. Some hamburgers.
B. Some fish.
C. Some pears.
D. Some ice-cream.
74. Philip’s father went to the school with Philip because ____________.
A. he was a teacher there
B. Philip got up very late
C. he wanted to see the teacher
D. Philip had a new teacher
75. Philip’s teacher teach students _____________.
A. to go to school on foot
B. to give up eating animals
C. to listen to their parents
D. to do what they think is right
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个12岁的小男孩，认为动物是人类的朋友，他决定不再吃肉，即使鱼肉他也不吃，父母为此很生气，父亲以为是老师这样教育的孩子，就去学校与老师理论，但老师否定了不让孩子吃肉的说法。
71. D【解析】细节理解题。
题干意为：菲利普决定放弃吃肉在他__________生日。
Fifth第五；eighth第八；eleventh第十一；twelfth第十二。
根据第一段On his twelfth birthday, he decided to give up eating meat.可知选D。
72. A【解析】细节理解题。
题干意为：菲利普的妈妈认为他会感到________ 如果他不吃肉。
stay short个子矮；feel happy感到高兴；get hungry饥饿；keep healthy保持健康。
根据第一
段…his mother said. “You need meat. Do you want to stay short and be weak?”可知他妈妈认为不吃肉个子矮。
故选A。
73. B【解析】细节理解题。
题干意为：菲利普拒绝吃肉时，他的母亲让他吃什么？A.一些汉堡包；B.一些鱼；C.一些梨；D.一些冰淇淋。
根据第四段“Then have some fish, dear,” said his mother.可知他妈妈让他吃鱼。
故选B。
74. C【解析】细节理解题。
题干意为：菲利普的父亲与菲利普去学校因为____________。
A.他是那里的一位老师；
B.菲利普起床很晚；
C.他想看看老师
D.菲利普有一个新老师。
根据倒数第二段His father walked to the school with him and asked to see the teacher.可知选C。
75. D【解析】细节理解题。
题干意为：菲利普的老师教育学生_____________。
A. 步行去学校；B.放弃吃动物；C.要听父母的话；D.做他们认为正确的事情。
根据最后一句“But I think he’s brave to do what he thinks is right. We teach the students to do that.”可知选D。
【难句点拨】1.Well, you can’t have anything to eat at all if you don’t eat any meat or fish.嗯，如果你不吃肉和鱼，你就不能吃任何一点儿东西。
本句是if引导的条件状语从句，not…at all 一点儿也不。
2. But I think he’s brave to do what he thinks is right. 但是我认为他做自己认为正确的事情是勇敢的。
本句含有that（省略）引导的宾语从句，to do…做原因状语。
【2015山东济南】B
When I was a boy my mum used to say I would read the
back of a medicine bottle if I didn’t have a book in my hand. It
was true, and even now that reading habit has been with me. I
always have at least one book being read, sometimes I might
have two or three. And I’m talking about real books, books
made out of paper, books that you can hold in your hand, to read, at the table, on the subway or my favorite place to read—in the bath.
But the number of people reading books is dropping. A recent survey tells us that Chinese people only read 4.77 printed books a year on average(平均) and in the US, 25 percent of the population say they didn’t read a book last year! So what’s stopping people from reading?
The answer of course is the huge influence that technology has had on our life. Why read a book when you can watch a movie or TV play on your smart phones or iPads? For younger people, books may not be as exciting as online games. With stories you have to work at it, closely follow the turns of the plot(情节). There are no shortcuts with a book. You have to turn page after page.
But you can still get lost in a book. We all have this thing called imagination. It’s much more powerful than any computer; in fact, it’s worth remembering that any online game was first written i n words as a story by its writer. It’s all about his or her or their imagination.
So we need to read—if we do not read, it will be hard for us to improve our ability to think widely, to have an imagination. Reading is a process in which we need to compare and connect other things we have read and seen in the past. If you do not read, this will not only influence your study, but also your social life in the future.
So why not follow me from now on? Run a hot bath, or find a comfortable chair and read a good book for a few hours—there are quite many, for free, in your local library.
76. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A. The writer used to enjoy playing with a medicine bottle.
B. The writer has had the reading habit since his childhood.
C. The writer always has two or three books in his hand.
D. The writer often reads books at a table on the subway.
77. The number of people reading books is dropping because _______________.
A. books are becoming less interesting
B. technology has greatly influenced our life
C. 25% of Americans don’t read books
D. there aren’t enough printed books to read
78. What does the word “shortcuts” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean in Chinese?
A. 捷径
B. 理念
C. 缺点
D. 短文
79. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. Reading can help to develop our imagination.
B. All online games were first written in words.
C. We need to think a lot while reading a book.
D. Younger people prefer books to online games.
80. In the last paragraph, the writer mainly suggests that we should __________.
A. run a hot bath to read books
B. borrow books from the library
C. read more books in our life
D. read books in a comfortable chair
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。
文章主要说明了由于科技的发展，读书的人越来越少。
虽然读书有它自身的缺点，可是读书还是有很多好处的：读书可以给我们无限的想象，帮助我们更有广度的思维。
所以我们要坚持读书。
76. B 【解析】主旨大意题。
题干意为：第一段的主要意思是什么？A作者过去喜欢玩小药瓶；B作者从孩童时期就有阅读的习惯；C作者手里总是有两三本书；D作者经常在地铁的桌子上看书。
根据第一段的内容可知，主要说了作者小时候妈妈帮他养成了爱读书的好习惯，并且这一习惯一直旁随着他。
故选B。
77. B 【解析】细节理解题。
题干意为：读书的人数在下降是因为________. A 书变得没有趣味了；B科技非常大地影响我们的生活；C 25%的美国人不读书；D没有足够的印刷书可以读。
根据第二段的最后一句So what’s stopping people from reading?（那么是什么阻止人们读书呢？）及第三段的第一句The answer of course is the huge influence that technology has had on our life.（当然答案是科技对我们生活的巨大影响。
）可知，如读书的人在不断减少是因为科技对我们生活的影响。
故选B。
78. A【解析】词义猜测题。
题干意为：第三段中shortcuts汉语意思可能是什么？根据第三段最后一句You have to turn page after page.（你必须一页一页地翻。
）可知，读书没有捷径可走。
故选A。
79. D 【解析】细节理解题。
题干意为：根据短文，下列哪个是不正确的？A 读书可以培养我们的想象力；B所有的在线游戏都先写成文字；C在读书的过程中我们需要思考很多；D 与在线游戏相比年轻人更爱读书。
根据第三段中的第三句For younger people, books may not be as exciting as online games.（对于年轻人来说，书可能没有在线游戏有趣。
）可知，年轻人更喜欢在线游戏而不是读书，所以D项表述错误。
80. C【解析】主旨大意题。
题干意为：在最后一段中，作者主要建议我们应该______.A泡热水澡时看书；B从图书馆借书；C在我们的生活中多读书；D在一张舒适的椅子上看书。
根据最后一段的叙述可知，作者建议我们多读书：泡热水澡时或者坐在一张舒服的椅子上看一本好书。
故选C。
【难句点拨】Reading is a process in which we need to compare and connect other things we have read and seen in the past. 读书是我们需要把以前读过或看到事物相比较和联系的一个过程。
句中含有which引导定语从句，先行词是process；we have read and seen in the past也是一个定语从句，先行词是things。
