SW2(config-if-range)#do sh mac add
Mac Address Table
-------------------------------------------
Vlan Mac Address Type Ports ---- ----------- -------- ----- All 000c.8575.eb80 STATIC CPU
All https://www.doczj.com/doc/db18871928.html,cc STATIC CPU
All https://www.doczj.com/doc/db18871928.html,cd STATIC CPU
All 0100.0cdd.dddd STATIC CPU
1 0002.b933.ee61 DYNAMIC Fa0/2
2 1 0004.ddbc.0d11 DYNAMIC Fa0/24 1 00e0.1e7f.7101 DYNAMIC Fa0/23
（OSPF-4）
分析：R6发出的第一个HELLO，无邻居，无DR，BDR
状态。
分析：R6发出的第五个HELLO包，此时DR BDR已选举成功，R6已经开始与邻接路由器同步。
分析：R6向R8发出的第一个DBD报文，I（初始位）位1表示为第一个DBD，M位（后继位）置1表示后面还有，MS位（主/从位）置1表示认为自已是主。
分析：R8向R6发出的第一个DBD报文，置位同上。
分析：R6向R8发出的第二个DBD报文，M位置1表示后面还有，MS置0表示同步中为从路由器，携带LSA HEADER，内容为一条ROUTER-LSA。
分析：R8向R6发出一条LSR（链路状态请求报文），请求一条一类的LSA
分析：R6向R8回应一条LSU，携带具体的LSA信息。
LSA分析（R9LOOP0改为E1）
一、路由器LSA
R6#show ip ospf database router
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.6.6) (Process ID 10)
Router Link States (Area 0)
LS age: 409 //发出LSA后所经历的时间
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) //指明部分OSPF域中LSA能够支持的可选性能
LS Type: Router Links //LSA 类型路由器LSA
Link State ID: 1.1.6.6 //一类LSA链路状态ID为始发路由器ID Advertising Router: 1.1.6.6 //始发路由器
LS Seq Number: 80000003 //LSA的序列号
Checksum: 0x3BAC //校验和
Length: 48 //长度
Number of Links: 2 //链路数量
Link connected to: a Transit Network //链路有类型，（1）点到点（2）传送网络（3）末梢网络（4）虚链路
(Link ID) Designated Router address: 192.168.68.6 //链路ID，用来标识连接的对象
(Link Data) Router Interface address: 192.168.68.6 //链路数据，始发者与该网络相连的接口IP
Number of TOS metrics: 0 //TOS号：为列出的这条链路指定服务类型度量值的编号，目前已不用。CISCO只支持TOS=0
TOS 0 Metrics: 10 //和指定TOS值相关联的开销
Link connected to: a Stub Network
(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 192.168.60.6
(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.255
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 1
LS age: 411
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
LS Type: Router Links
Link State ID: 1.1.7.7
Advertising Router: 1.1.7.7
LS Seq Number: 80000003
Checksum: 0x10C7
Length: 48
Number of Links: 2
Link connected to: a Transit Network
(Link ID) Designated Router address: 192.168.68.6
(Link Data) Router Interface address: 192.168.68.7
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 10
Link connected to: a Stub Network
(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 192.168.70.7
(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.255
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 1
Routing Bit Set on this LSA
LS age: 211
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
LS Type: Router Links
Link State ID: 1.1.8.8
Advertising Router: 1.1.8.8
LS Seq Number: 80000003
Checksum: 0x9702
Length: 36
Area Border Router
Number of Links: 1
Link connected to: a Transit Network
(Link ID) Designated Router address: 192.168.68.6
(Link Data) Router Interface address: 192.168.68.8
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 10
二、网络LSA
R6#show ip ospf int e1/0
Ethernet1/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 192.168.68.6/24, Area 0
Process ID 10, Router ID 1.1.6.6, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 10 Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 1.1.6.6, Interface address 192.168.68.6
Backup Designated router (ID) 1.1.7.7, Interface address 192.168.68.7 Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:09
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 2, Adjacent neighbor count is 2
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.7.7 (Backup Designated Router)
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.8.8
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R6#show ip ospf database network
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.6.6) (Process ID 10)
Net Link States (Area 0)
Routing Bit Set on this LSA
LS age: 336
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
LS Type: Network Links
Link State ID: 192.168.68.6 (address of Designated Router) //链路状态ID为：DR的接口IP
Advertising Router: 1.1.6.6
LS Seq Number: 80000002
Checksum: 0xF74B
Length: 36
Network Mask: /24 //这个网络上使用的掩码
Attached Router: 1.1.6.6 //相连的路由器
Attached Router: 1.1.7.7
Attached Router: 1.1.8.8
三、网络汇总LSA
R6#show ip ospf database summary
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.6.6) (Process ID 10)
Summary Net Link States (Area 0)
Routing Bit Set on this LSA
LS age: 477
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
Link State ID: 192.168.89.0 (summary Network Number)//所通告的网络号
Advertising Router: 1.1.8.8
LS Seq Number: 80000003
Checksum: 0xE774
Length: 28
Network Mask: /24 //网络的掩码
TOS: 0 Metric: 10 //ABR到达目的地的路由开销
四、ASBR汇总LSA
R6#show ip ospf database asbr-summary
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.6.6) (Process ID 10)
Summary ASB Link States (Area 0)
Routing Bit Set on this LSA
LS age: 622
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
LS Type: Summary Links(AS Boundary Router)
Link State ID: 1.1.9.9 (AS Boundary Router address) //ASBR 的路由器ID
Advertising Router: 1.1.8.8
LS Seq Number: 80000001
Checksum: 0x8F7C
Length: 28
Network Mask: /0
TOS: 0 Metric: 10 //ABR到达目的地的路由开销
五、外部LSA
R6#show ip ospf database external
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.6.6) (Process ID 10)
Type-5 AS External Link States
Routing Bit Set on this LSA
LS age: 799
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
LS Type: AS External Link
Link State ID: 10.1.1.0 (External Network Number ) //目的网段号
Advertising Router: 1.1.9.9
LS Seq Number: 80000001
Checksum: 0x315E
Length: 36
Network Mask: /24
Metric Type: 2 (Larger than any link state path)
TOS: 0
Metric: 5 //ASBR设定的度量值
Forward Address: 0.0.0.0 //到达所通告目的地应被转发到的地址，为4个0表示，转发给ASBR
External Route Tag: 0 //外部路由标记，可以重分布打上
六、NSSA外部LSA（将AREA1配为NSSA后）
R8#show ip ospf database nssa-external
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.8.8) (Process ID 10)
Type-7 AS External Link States (Area 1)
Routing Bit Set on this LSA
LS age: 46
Options: (No TOS-capability, Type 7/5 translation, DC)
LS Type: AS External Link
Link State ID: 10.1.1.0 (External Network Number )
Advertising Router: 1.1.9.9
LS Seq Number: 80000001
Checksum: 0xD4E4
Length: 36
Network Mask: /24
Metric Type: 2 (Larger than any link state path)
TOS: 0
Metric: 5
Forward Address: 192.168.89.9 //R9始发时填入的，R8 7转5时仍保仍，AREA1的路由器仍然知道最终的转发者
External Route Tag: 0
七、将AREA1改为NSSA后对R6的影响
R6#show ip ospf border-routers
OSPF Process 10 internal Routing Table
Codes: i - Intra-area route, I - Inter-area route
i 1.1.8.8 [10] via 192.168.68.8, Ethernet1/0, ABR/ASBR, Area 0, SPF 6
路由器R8成为了ASBR/ABR
R6#show ip ospf database external
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.6.6) (Process ID 10)
Type-5 AS External Link States
Routing Bit Set on this LSA
LS age: 337
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
LS Type: AS External Link
Link State ID: 10.1.1.0 (External Network Number )
Advertising Router: 1.1.8.8
LS Seq Number: 80000001
Checksum: 0x764F
Length: 36
Network Mask: /24
Metric Type: 2 (Larger than any link state path)
TOS: 0
Metric: 5
Forward Address: 192.168.89.9 //当四类LSA消失的时候会显示，用来指明最终的转发者
External Route Tag: 0
五类LSA的始发者成为了R8
R6#show ip ospf database asbr-summary
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.6.6) (Process ID 10)
四类LSA消失，因为四类指明的区域间的ASBR，当R8成为ASBR后四类就不需要了。
点到点链路的一类LSA
R1(config)#do sh ip ospf data rout
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 10)
Router Link States (Area 1)
LS age: 1364
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
LS Type: Router Links
Link State ID: 1.1.1.1
Advertising Router: 1.1.1.1
LS Seq Number: 80000004
Checksum: 0xD562
Length: 60
Number of Links: 3
Link connected to: a Stub Network
(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 192.168.10.1
(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.255
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 1
Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 1.1.2.2
(Link Data) Router Interface address: 192.168.1.1
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 64
Link connected to: a Stub Network
(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 192.168.1.0
(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0 //相当于二类的作用 Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 64
Routing Bit Set on this LSA
LS age: 361
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
LS Type: Router Links
Link State ID: 1.1.2.2
Advertising Router: 1.1.2.2
LS Seq Number: 80000003
Checksum: 0xE2D7
Length: 48
Area Border Router
Number of Links: 2
Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 1.1.1.1
(Link Data) Router Interface address: 192.168.1.2
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 64
Link connected to: a Stub Network
(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 192.168.1.0
(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 64