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《80x86汇编语言程序设计》(第2版)习题答案

《80x86汇编语言程序设计》(第2版)习题答案
《80x86汇编语言程序设计》(第2版)习题答案

习题参考答案1

第1章

1-1

汇编的主要功能:

输入:汇编语言源文件

输出:目标文件

处理:对源文件进行语法检查;将符号指令翻译为机器指令。

连接的主要功能:

输入:1个或多个目标文件与库文件

输出:可执行文件

处理:浮动地址的重定位;多模块的连接。

1-2 (1)2EH (2)0D2H (3)0FFH

(4)80H (5)7FH (6)0FEH

1-3 (1)7FH (2)0FF80H (3)0FFFFH

285

286

(4)0FFD2H (5)8000H (6)0FFH

1-4 无符号数范围:0~2n-1;带符号数范围:-2n?1~2n?1-1

1-5 (1)压缩BCD码:58H;非压缩BCD码:x5x8H。

(2)压缩BCD码:1624H;非压缩BCD码:x1x6x2x4H。

1-6 (1)字符'1'的ASCII码;十进制数31的压缩BCD码;十进制数1的非压缩BCD码;十进制数49的十六进制表示。

(2)十进制数-1的8位二进制补码表示;带符号数255的16位二进制补码表示;无符号数255的8位二进制形式。

(3)十进制数-1的16位二进制补码表示;带符号数65535的32位二进制补码表示;无符号数65535的16位二进制形式。

1-7 (1)作为无符号数为159,等值的16位和32位形式均为9FH;作为带符号数为-97,等值的16位和32位形式分别为0FF9FH与0FFFFFF9FH。

(2)作为无符号数和带符号数均为104,等值的16位和32位形式均为68H。

(3)作为无符号数为192,等值的16位和32位形式均为0C0H;作为带符号数为-64,等值的16位和32位形式分别为0FFC0H与0FFFFFFC0H。

1-8 (1)AND 0FH (2)OR 30H

(3)右移4位可得高位的值;将原值AND 0FH可得低位的值。

(4)XOR 00101010B

(5)AND 8000H,若结果为0,则是正数,否则为负数。

第2章

2-1 系统总线是CPU与内存和I/O子系统之间进行数据交换的通道,包括数据总线、地址

总线和控制总线,分别负责在CPU与内存和I/O子系统之间传送数据、地址和控制信息。其中,

数据总线决定了CPU每次存取数据的最大位数;地址总线决定了系统的最大可编址空间;控制总

线用来控制CPU与内存和I/O设备之间的数据传送方式。

2-2 8位通用寄存器8个:AH,AL,BH,BL,CH,CL,DH和DL。

16位通用寄存器8个:AX,BX,CX,DX,SI,DI,BP和SP。

32位通用寄存器8个:EAX,EBX,ECX,EDX,ESI,EDI,EBP和ESP。

段寄存器6个:CS,DS,SS,ES,FS和GS。

2-3 IP包含要执行的下一条指令的偏移地址;SP包含堆栈段栈顶的偏移地址;段寄存器用

来存放16位段地址。通常,CS存放当前代码段的段地址,SS存放当前堆栈段的段地址,DS、

ES、FS和GS用来存放数据段的段地址。

2-4 因为段内偏移地址是16位,故每个段最大只能216B,即64KB。

2-5 物理地址= 段地址×16 + 偏移地址。给定逻辑地址,可得到唯一的物理地址;每个

物理地址可由不同的逻辑地址描述。例如,逻辑地址0200:1200H对应唯一的物理地址03200H,

但该物理地址又可由逻辑地址0320:0000H,0210:1100H和0000:3200H等来描述。

287

288

2-6 实模式的主要特点如下。

●与8086兼容,只有低20条地址线有效,只能寻址第一个1MB的内存空间。

●采用内存分段方式,程序所使用的逻辑地址为16位段地址:16位偏移地址,每段≤64KB。20位物理地址由段地址左移4位加偏移地址得到。

●CPU总是从地址CS:IP处取指令,EIP的高16位为0。

●SS:SP表示堆栈段的栈顶地址,ESP的高16位为0。

●对于32位80x86 CPU,程序可以使用32位寄存器和32位操作数,但采用32位寄存器表示偏移地址时,只使用低16位,高16位为0。

2-7 首字单元地址:23A10H;末字单元地址:23A1EH

2-8 这些数在内存的存放情况如下:

10006H

10005H

10004H

10003H

10002H

10001H

10000H

2-9 (1)CF = 1 OF = 0 SF = 0 ZF = 1 (2)CF = 0 OF = 1 SF = 1 ZF = 0 (3)CF = 1 OF = 1 SF = 0 ZF = 1 (4)CF = 0 OF = 0 SF = 1 ZF = 0

2-10 (1)CF = 0 OF = 0 SF = 0 ZF = 0 (2)CF = 0 OF = 1 SF = 0 ZF = 0 (3)CF = 1 OF = 0 SF = 1 ZF = 0 (4)CF = 1 OF = 1 SF = 1 ZF = 0

第3章

3-1 (1)SS (2)CS (3)DS (4)FS

(5)SS (6)DS (7)DS (8)ES

3-2 (1)正确(2)类型不匹配

(3)两个操作数不能同时是内存操作数(4)没有[esp][eax*3]这种操作数形式

(5)正确(6)CS不能作为目的操作数

(7)类型不确定(8)没有[sp]这种操作数形式

(9)条件转移指令的操作数只能是标号(10)正确

(11)不能将立即数送段寄存器(12)没有bx+2这种操作数形式

3-3 (1)27feh (2)2a00h (3)2802h (4)2801h

(5)27feh(段内调用)或27fch(段间调用)

(6)2802h(段内返回)或2804h(段间返回)

(7)27fch (8)2804h

3-4 DEC不影响CF。

3-5 不能。转移类指令(如JMP,Jcc,LOOP,CALL及RET等)的执行会改变IP的值。

3-6 无符号数比较:

(1)ZF = 1 (2)ZF = 0 (3)CF = 1 (4)CF = 1 或ZF = 1

289

290 (5)CF = 0 且ZF = 0 (6)CF = 0

带符号数比较:

(1)ZF = 1 (2)ZF = 0 (3)SF <> OF (4)SF <> OF 或ZF = 1 (5)SF = OF 且ZF = 0 (6)SF= OF

3-7 CALL指令执行的操作:

(1)返回地址进栈。

段间调用:CS与IP(下一条指令的地址)依次进栈。

段内调用:IP(下一条指令的16位偏移地址)进栈。

(2)转移到过程的第1条指令去执行。

段间调用:根据操作数,将32位分段地址送CS:IP。

段内调用:根据操作数,将16位偏移地址送IP。

RET指令执行的操作:返回地址出栈,从而实现转移到返回地址处。

段间返回:POP 1个双字到CS:IP。

段内返回:POP 1个字到IP。

3-8 AX的值将是返回地址的16位偏移地址。

3-9 (1)除数为0。

(2)除数太小,被除数太大,导致商溢出。

3-10 (1)cbw (2)cwd (3)cdq (4)bt ax, 0

3-11

(1)mov ah, 0

add ax, bx

(2)cbw

add ax, bx

(3)movsx eax, al

add eax, ebx

3-12 将DX:AX中的双字数右移4位。

3-13 指令AL CF OF SF ZF

xor al, al 0 0 0 0 1

mov al, 255 0ffh 0 0 0 1

inc al 0 0 0 0 1

not al 0ffh 0 0 0 1

shl al, 1 0feh 1 0 1 0

cmp al, 10 0feh 0 0 1 0

sub al, 7fh 7fh 0 1 0 0

shl al, 1 0feh 0 1 1 0

3-14

(1)

jcxz done

next: mov bl, [si]

mov es:[di], bl

inc si

inc di

loop next

done:

(2)

jcxz done

next: mov es:[di], eax

sub di, 4

loop next

done:

(3)jcxz done

next: mov ax, [si]

cmp ax, es:[di]

pushf

add si, 2

add di, 2

popf

loope next

done:

3-15 将AX与DX中的4位十进制数对应的压缩BCD码相加,结果存入AX。

例如,若AX = 1234H,DX = 5678H,则结果AX = 6912H。

3-16

291

292 (1)mov bl, al

and bl, 0fh

mov bh, al

shr bh, 4 (2)shl ax, 1

rcl bx, 1

rcl cx, 1 (3)cmp al, 10

jge setcf

cmp al, -10

jle setcf

clc

jmp exit setcf: stc

exit:

(4)cmp eax, ebx

jbe next

xchg eax, ebx next: cmp eax, ecx

jbe done

xchg eax, ecx done:

(5)mov cx, ax

xor cx, bx

test cx, 1

jz exit

test bx, 1

jz exit

xchg ax, bx exit:

(6)mov dx, 0

shl ax, 1

rcl dx, 1

mov bx, ax

mov cx, dx

shl ax, 1

rcl dx, 1

shl ax, 1

rcl dx, 1

add ax, bx

adc dx, cx (7)mov al, x

cbw

shl ax, 2

sub ax, 5

mov bx, ax

mov al, x

sar al, 1

cbw

add ax, bx (8)mov ax, 0

mov cx, 100 next: add ax, cx

loop next

第4章

4-1 指令是程序运行时由CPU执行的,在汇编后由对应的机器代码所取代;而伪指令是不

可执行的,只是由汇编器处理的命令。指令与机器密切相关,指令系统是由CPU本身确定的;而

伪指令与机器无关,只与汇编器有关。

4-2 标号表示指令的起始地址,可作为转移类指令的操作数,表示转向地址;变量是用来定

义数据的,可作为指令的内存操作数。

JMP L ; 直接转移,转移到标号L所在地址

JMP X ; 段内间接转移,目标的偏移地址为X的值(字)

4-3

(1)源程序的编辑。

输出文件:源程序文件.asm。

(2)源程序的汇编。

输入文件:源程序文件。

输出文件:

●无错:目标文件.obj,列表文件等。

●有错:错误信息,列表文件。

(3)目标文件的连接。

输入文件:目标文件与库文件。

输出文件:

293

294

●无错:可执行文件.exe,映像文件等。

●有错:错误信息。

(4)可执行文件的试运行。

(5)可执行文件的调试。

4-4 (1)AX的值为地址WVar + 1处的1个字。

(2)AX的值为地址WVar处的字加1。

4-5

(1)正确。(2)错误。offset后只能是汇编时可求值的地址表达式。

(3)正确。(4)错误。两个操作数不能同时为内存操作数。

(5)错误。不能将两个地址相加。(6)错误。类型不匹配。

(7)正确。(8)错误。JMP指令的操作数不能为字节变量。

4-6 oprd and 0feh是一个表达式,在汇编时求值,其中的and为逻辑运算符;第1个and是指令助记符,指令在程序运行时执行。

4-7 (1)dw 3132h (2)db 32h, 31h

(3)db '21' (4)dw '12'

4-8 (1)24h (2)0ch (3)0ch (4)6 (5)10h

(6)3103h (7)5 (8)7 (9)0

4-9

(1)mov dx, seg block

mov ds, dx

lea bx, block +12

mov dx, [bx]

(2)mov dx, seg block

mov ds, dx

mov dx, block + 12

(3)mov dx, seg block

mov ds, dx

mov bx, 12

mov dx, block[bx]

(4)mov dx, seg block

mov ds, dx

lea bx, block

mov si, 12

mov dx, [bx][si]

(5)mov dx, seg block

mov ds, dx

mov eax, 6

mov dx, block[eax*2]

4-10 1e00h

4-11 将buf1中的后10个字节传送到buf2中。

4-12 将String中的80个字符整体后移1个字节,首字符不变。

4-13 将两位十进制数对应的压缩BCD码存入AL。

4-14

dseg segment

BCD db 69h ; 已知的BCD码

ASC db ?, ? ; 存放ASCII码

dseg ends

cseg segment

assume cs:cseg, ds:dseg

start:

mov ax, dseg

mov ds, ax

mov al, BCD

mov cl, 4

shr al, cl

or al, 30h

mov ASC, al

mov al, BCD

and al, 0fh

or al, 30h

mov ASC + 1, al

mov ah, 4ch

int 21h

cseg ends

end start

4-15

.386

dseg segment use16

295

296 num dd 12345678h

buf db 8 dup (?)

dseg ends

cseg segment use16

assume cs:cseg, ds:dseg

start:

mov ax, dseg

mov ds, ax

mov cx, 8

mov si, 0

mov eax, num

next: rol eax, 4

mov buf[si], al

and buf[si], 0fh

inc si

loop next

mov ah, 4ch

int 21h

cseg ends

end start

第5章

5-1

dseg segment

CrLf db 0dh, 0ah, '$'

dseg ends

cseg segment

assume cs:cseg, ds:dseg

Start:

mov ax, dseg

mov ds, ax

mov ah, 1

int 21h

push ax

lea dx, CrLf

mov ah, 9

int 21h

pop ax

cmp al, 'a'

jb Stop

cmp al, 'z'

ja Stop

sub al, 20h

mov dl, al

mov ah, 2

int 21h

Stop: mov ah, 4ch

int 21h

cseg ends

end Start

5-2

CR equ 0dh

LF equ 0ah

dseg segment

Msg1 db 'All equal.', CR, LF, '$'

Msg2 db 'Only two equal.', CR, LF, '$'

Msg3 db 'All three different from each other.', CR, LF, '$'

Num1 dw ?; Num1、Num2与Num3为定义的三个16位数

Num2 dw ?

Num3 dw ?

dseg ends

cseg segment

assume cs:cseg, ds:dseg

Start:

mov ax, dseg

mov ds, ax

mov ax, Num1

cmp ax, Num2

je Already_Two_Equal

cmp ax, Num3

je Two_Equal

mov ax, Num2

cmp ax, Num3

je Two_Equal

lea dx, Msg3

jmp Done

Already_Two_Equal:

cmp ax, Num3

je All_Equal

Two_Equal:

lea dx, Msg2

jmp Done

All_Equal:

lea dx, Msg1

Done:

mov ah, 9

int 21h

mov ah, 4ch

int 21h

cseg ends

end Start

5-3

.386

dseg segment use16

Num dd ?, ?, ? ; 给定的3个32位带符号数

dseg ends

cseg segment use16

assume cs:cseg, ds:dseg

Start:

mov ax, dseg

mov ds, ax

mov ecx, 1

mov eax, Num

Next: cmp eax, Num[ecx*4]

jle Skip

xchg eax, Num[ecx*4]

mov Num, eax

Skip: inc ecx

cmp ecx, 3

jne Next

mov eax, Num + 4

cmp eax, Num + 8

jle Done

297

298

xchg eax, Num + 8

mov Num + 4, eax

Done:

mov ah, 4ch

int 21h

cseg ends

end Start

5-4

.386

option segment:use16

dseg segment

Msg1 db 'Decimal:', '$'

Msg2 db 0dh, 0ah,'Binary:', '$'

ErrMsg db 0dh, 0ah,'Invalid data.', '$' dseg ends

cseg segment

assume cs:cseg, ds:dseg

Start:

mov ax, dseg

mov ds, ax

lea dx, Msg1

mov ah, 9

int 21h

mov ah, 1

int 21h

mov bl, al

cmp bl, '0'

jb Error

cmp bl, '9'

jbe Ok

Error: lea dx, ErrMsg

mov ah, 9

int 21h

jmp Done

Ok: lea dx, Msg2

mov ah, 9

int 21h

shl bl, 4

mov cx, 4

NextBit:

shl bl, 1

setc dl

add dl, 30h

mov ah, 2

int 21h

loop NextBit

Done: mov ah, 4ch

int 21h

cseg ends

end Start

5-5

.386

dseg segment use16

Data dw 100 dup (?)

dseg ends

cseg segment use16

assume cs:cseg, ds:dseg

Start:

mov ax, dseg

mov ds, ax

mov ax, 0

mov ecx, lengthof Data

Next: mov bx, Data[ecx*2-2]

bt bx, 0

jnc Skip

cmp ax, 0

jz Ok

cmp ax, bx

jbe Skip

Ok: mov ax, bx

Skip: loop Next

Done: mov ah, 4ch

int 21h

cseg ends

end Start

5-6

dseg segment

Msg1 db 'Hex:', '$'

Msg2 db 0dh, 0ah, 'Bin:', '$'

Buf db 5, ?, 5 dup (?)

dseg ends

cseg segment

assume cs:cseg, ds:dseg

Start:

mov ax, dseg

mov ds, ax

lea dx, Msg1

mov ah, 9

int 21h

lea dx, Buf

mov ah, 0ah

int 21h

lea dx, Msg2

mov ah, 9

int 21h

mov cl, Buf + 1

xor ch, ch

jcxz Exit

mov si, 2

Next: mov bl, Buf[si]

cmp bl, '9'

jbe Ok

sub bl, 7

Ok: push cx

mov cl, 4

shl bl, cl

mov cx, 4

Output: mov dl, '0'

shl bl, 1

jnc Skip

inc dl

Skip: mov ah, 2

int 21h

loop Output

mov dl, 20h

mov ah, 2

int 21h

pop cx

inc si

299

300

loop Next

Exit: mov ah, 4ch

int 21h

cseg ends

end Start

5-7

.386

dseg segment use16

Array dw 5 ; 元素个数

dw -1, 2, 4, 3, 4 ; 数组元素Max dw -32768

Min dw 32767

Sum dw 0

Average dw 0

dseg ends

cseg segment use16

assume cs:cseg, ds:dseg

Start:

mov ax, dseg

mov ds, ax

xor ecx, ecx

mov cx, Array

Next: mov ax, Array[ecx*2]

add Sum, ax

cmp Max, ax

jge Skip1

mov Max, ax

Skip1: cmp Min, ax

jle Skip2

mov Min, ax

Skip2: loop Next

mov ax, Sum

cwd

idiv Array

mov Average, ax

Done: mov ah, 4ch

int 21h

cseg ends

end Start

5-8

(1)

dseg segment

Data1 db 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

LEN = $ - Data1

Data2 db 1, 2, 4, 3, 5

Flag db 0

Addr1 dd ?

Addr2 dd ?

dseg ends

cseg segment

assume cs:cseg, ds:dseg

Start:

mov ax, dseg

mov ds, ax

mov si, 0

mov cx, LEN

Compare: mov al, Data1[si]

cmp al, Data2[si]

jne Different

inc si

loop Compare

mov Flag, 1

jmp Done

Different: lea ax, Data1[si]

mov word ptr addr1, ax

mov word ptr addr1 + 2, dseg

lea ax, Data2[si]

mov word ptr addr2, ax

mov word ptr addr2 + 2, dseg

Done: mov ah, 4ch

int 21h

cseg ends

end Start

(2)

dseg segment

Data1 db 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

LEN = $ - Data1

Data2 db 1, 2, 4, 3, 5

Flag db 0

Addr1 dd ?

Addr2 dd ?

dseg ends

cseg segment

assume cs:cseg, ds:dseg

Start:

mov ax, dseg

mov ds, ax

mov es, ax

lea si, Data1

lea di, Data2

mov cx, LEN

cld

repe cmpsb

jne Different

mov Flag, 1

jmp Done

Different:

lea ax, [si-1]

mov word ptr addr1, ax

mov word ptr addr1 + 2, ds

lea ax, [di-1]

mov word ptr addr2, ax

mov word ptr addr2 + 2, es

Done: mov ah, 4ch

int 21h

cseg ends

end Start

5-9

dseg segment

Score dw 60, 90, 30, 60, 90

LEN = ( $ - Score ) / 2

Rank dw LEN dup (1)

dseg ends

301

302

cseg segment

assume cs:cseg, ds:dseg

Start:

mov ax, dseg

mov ds, ax

mov si, 0

mov cx, LEN

Loop1: mov ax, Score[si]

push cx

mov cx, LEN

mov di, 0

Loop2: cmp ax, Score[di]

jae Skip

inc Rank[si]

Skip: add di, 2

loop Loop2

pop cx

add si, 2

loop Loop1

mov ah, 4ch

int 21h

cseg ends

end Start

5-10(1)mov es, ax (2)xor ch, ch

(3)cmp byte ptr es:[di], 'B' (4)rep movsb

(5)pop cx (6)lea dx, Buf + 2

第6章

6-1 MASM根据其操作数的类型来确定CALL指令的类型,其中,若操作数为过程名,则根据过程定义时指出的类型来确定是NEAR调用还是FAR调用。RET指令的类型由其所在过程的类型来确定。

6-2

dseg segment

String db 80, 0, 80 dup (?)

Msg1 db 'Input a String: ', '$'

Msg2 db 0dh, 0ah, 'Yes', '$'

Msg3 db 0dh, 0ah, 'No', '$'

dseg ends

cseg segment

assume cs:cseg, ds:dseg

Start: mov ax, dseg

mov ds, ax

lea dx, Msg1

call DispMsg

lea dx, String

mov ah, 0ah

int 21h

lea si, String + 2

mov cl, String + 1

xor ch, ch

call Digits

cmp al, 0

jnz Yes

lea dx, Msg3

jmp Disp

Yes: lea dx, Msg2

Disp: call DispMsg

mov ah, 4ch

int 21h

; 功能:显示DS:DX所指的字符串

DispMsg proc

push ax

mov ah, 9

int 21h

pop ax

ret

DispMsg endp

; 入口参数:DS:SI = 字符串首地址

; CX = 字符串长度

; 出口参数:AL。若DS:SI所指字符串为数字串,则AL = 1;否则,AL = 0。

Digits proc

push cx

push si

xor al, al

Next: cmp byte ptr [si], '0'

jb Done

cmp byte ptr [si], '9'

ja Done

inc si

loop Next

mov al, 1

Done: pop si

pop cx

ret

Digits endp

cseg ends

end Start

6-3

SumOfArray proc

push cx

push dx

push si

mov dx, cx

shl dx, 1

add dx, 2

xor ax, ax

Next: add ax, [si]

add si, dx

loop Next

pop si

pop dx

pop cx

ret

SumOfArray endp

303

304

6-4

入口参数:DS:SI = 以递增排序的带符号字数组的首地址

CX = 元素个数

AX = 带符号数

功能:采用折半查找算法,在DS:SI所指数组中,查找AX中的带符号数。

出口参数:若找到,则CF = 0,且BX = 该元素在数组中的序号(0,1,2,...);否则,CF = 1。

6-5

MaxAbs proc

push ax

push cx

push si

xor ax, ax

Next: test word ptr [si], 8000h

jz Ok

neg word ptr [si]

Ok: cmp [si], ax

jle Skip

mov ax, [si]

mov di, si

Skip: add si, 2

loop Next

push ds

pop es

pop si

pop cx

pop ax

ret

MaxAbs endp

6-6

dseg segment

N dw 100

SumN dw ?

dseg ends

cseg segment

assume cs:cseg, ds:dseg

Start:

mov ax, dseg

mov ds, ax

push ax

push N

call Sum

pop SumN

mov ah, 4ch

int 21h

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