Unit 6 Entertainment and Friendship
Topic 3 I will remember our friendship forever
Section A
The main activities are 1a, 3a and 3b. 本课重点活动是1a, 3a和3b。
Ⅰ. Teaching aims and demands教学目标
1. Master some new words and phrases:
chalk, handwriting, dozen, dozens of, cheap, package, smooth, pound, dollar, penny
2. Learn what to do before leaving school and learn to write a speech at graduation ceremony:
(1)...there is going to be a graduation ceremony.
(2)...first of all, we must pass our final examination.
(3)be ready for graduation ceremony
Ⅱ. Teaching aids教具
教学磁带/录音机/画有英镑、美元和便士的卡片/含有Auld Lang Syne的歌曲磁带/布包Ⅲ. Five-finger Teaching Plan五指教学方案
Step 1 Review 第一步复习(时间:15分钟)
1. (播放Auld Long Syne歌曲营造一种离别的气氛，创造真实的语言学习环境，唤起学生的
思维。)
T: Boys and girls, do you know the song? What’s the name?
Ss: Auld Lang Syne.
T: That’s right. We listened to it in Junior Eight. Could you tell me what it is about? Who will try? OK, S1.
S1: It is about the feeling when people say good-bye.Is it right?
T: You are completely right. We often hear the song at the end of some activities. How time flies! Soon, we’ll finish our school, that is to say, we’ll graduate from school soon.
(老师慢读graduate,并且重读几遍，让学生了解其意义和学会其读音。)
2. T: If we hold a graduation ceremony (graduation ceremony means a meeting or a party for
graduation, in Chinese means “毕业典礼”), and write best wishes in English. What will you write? Write it on a piece of paper soon.
(此活动可激活学生已有的知识，也可引出下面的一些新单词。老师选出有深意的几份，其中有一份的字非常漂亮。)
T: Now, I collect some of yours.
T: S2, could you read the slogans for us?
S2: No problem. S3: says,“Let’s our friendship last forever.”
S4: says, “We are the owners of future.”
S5: says, “It’s lucky of us to have the days with you.”
S6: says, “I would rather lose the world than have no news of you.”
3. (导入新单词。)
T: Thank you , S2. How wonderful you all are, my friends! This job seems a piece of cake for you.
(教师抽出其中最漂亮的一份。)
T: Look at S5’s slogan. How be autiful his handwriting is! S5, could you design your slogan with some pictures on the blackboard with some colorful chalk before the graduation ceremony?
(教师在讲述时用相应的物体，通过直观法呈现新单词，并依次板书。)
S5: Of course, I am glad to.
T: Thank you, S5. I’ll give you a gift ahead, but you must guess what it is. Listen carefully. It’s round and long and smooth and its length is about six centimetres. We use it to write every day. What’s it?
S5: A pen.
T: Yes, it is. The pen is cheap. It only costs 6 yuan.
But as the saying goes, it’s the thought that counts. It means“礼轻情意重”.
T: The gift is in my package. Here it is! Here you are, S5.
I wish your handwriting become more and more beautiful.
S5: Thank you very much.
(教师从包里取出画有英镑、美元和便士的图片。依次呈现给学生。以轻松幽默的语气继续导入生词。)
T: Look. There are some pictures of foreign paper money, I’l l get dozens of gifts for you with the money if you study English well. This is English money, a pound, this is American or
复数形式。领读几遍后，让学生自己练习几遍。)
T: Can you remember all the new words and phrases? Is it a piece of cake?
Ss: Of course, it is.
Step 2 Presentation 第二步呈现(时间:10分钟)
1. (呈现毕业前的一般的活动，进入1a。)
T: Class, can you tell me how soon will you graduate?
Ss: About five months.
T: What have you thought you will do before leaving school, S1?
S1: We must study hard to pass the final examination.
T: What about you, S2?
S2: We should leave the telephone numbers and addresses.
T: Do you think if there is going to be a ceremony?
Ss: Yes, we think so.
T: Turn to 2 on Page 41. Discuss with your partner. Check what you will do before leaving school.
(学生分组讨论，抽查部分学生的答案。)
T: S3, what will you do?
S3: I’ll take photos of everyone, prepare for my examination and have a class get-together.
T: S4, how about you?
S4: I’ll give presents to everyone and prepare gifts for teachers.
T: Stop discussion. Now, look at the picture on Page 41. Kangkang and some others are talking with each other. Let’s listen to the tape to see what they are talking about. Then answer my questions.
(播放课文对话磁带。)
T: Can you follow the dialog?
Ss: Yes, we can.
T: Now, some tasks for you. S5, please.
When will they graduate?
S5: This weekend.
T: Question 2. What does Michael think of the final examination?
S6,please.
S6: He thinks it’s a piece of cake.
T: Question 3. What will Kangkang say at the graduation ceremony?
S7: He will say he has learned not only how to study, but also how to be an adult.
T: Well done!
2. (进入3a。)
T: We learn there are many activities we’ll do before leaving school.
If we hold a graduation ceremony, what will be done?
S8: Write a slogan on the blackboard and draw some pictures on it.
S9: We’ll talk about our friendship and our plan.
S10: We’l l give presents to each other.
S11: ...
...
T: Your ideas sound very good! We go on listening what Miss Wang and the students are talking about.
)
(板书上述问题。由于本课生词较多，让学生听完磁带后再阅读，然后再做上述练习。) T: Now, read the dialog, then I’ll ask some of you to answer the questions on the blackboard.
(学生自由朗读。)
T: Stop! S12, have you got the answer to No.1?
S12: Yes, I have. Maria and Michael will do the job.
T: Right or wrong?
Ss: Right.
T: Who has prepared dozens of cards for classmates?
S13,please.
S13: Jane.
T: Right. What’s Kangkang’s package full of ? S14, could you?
S14: Kangkang’s package is full of presents.
T: You’ve done well.
Step 3 Consolidation 第三步巩固(时间:7分钟)
1. (进一步熟悉课文内容，分角色进行对话练习。朗读1a和3a。)
T: This time, we’ll act as different roles. Group 1 acts as Kangkang, group 2 acts as Michael, group 3 acts as Maria, group 4 acts as Jane, and I act as Miss Wang. One, two, three, go!
2. (进入1b部分，参照黑板上针对3a的提问，复述对话内容。在了解文章内容的基础上，
通过体裁的变化改写文章，培养学生的语言表达能力。)
T: Boys and girls, refer to 1b and the questions on the blackboard, could you tell us what they talk about? You have one minute to prepare.
(让学生先准备，再进行复述。)
T: S15, please retell the first dialog referring to 1b.
S15: Let me try. They will graduate from Ren’ai International School and hold a graduation ceremony. There is going to be an examination which they have to pass. They are going to buy some gifts so that they will never forget their friendship.
T: Great! S16, please retell the second dialog referring to the questions on the blackboard.
S16: They are talking about their graduation ceremony. Maria and Michael will prepare for it.
Maria will draw some colorful flowers and write some words on the blackboard.Michael will help her. Jane has got dozens of cards and Kangkang has prepared a large package full of presents for their classmates.
T: How about S15’s and S16’s jobs?
Ss: Wonderful!
T: Let’s clap for them.
Step 4 Practice 第四步练习(时间:8分钟)
(进入3b部分和4。)
1. (为毕业典礼进行的购物活动。)
T: In the lesson, many of you say you will buy some gifts for your classmates. Now let’s go shopping. When you buy something, you should make sure what you’ll buy, why you buy it,
and how much it is and so on. The sentences on Page 42 may help you.
Turn to Page 42. Let’s look through the sentences.
(引领学生浏览3b中的句子，为下面的对话活动作准备。)
T: OK. Please find a partner. One acts as a customer and the other acts as an assistant. Make up
a dialog. Then, I’ll ask some pairs to act it out.
S1,2: All right.
S1: Good morning. What can I do for you?
S2: Good morning. I need a red package for the graduation ceremony.
S1: Sorry. I have no red package any longer.
S2: Do you have any other colors?
S1: I have some blue ones. It’s very cheap but beautiful.
S2: How much is it?
S1: It is 5 dollars.
S2: OK, I’ll take it. Here is the money.
S1: Thank you.
2. (进入4，听力训练。)
T: Let’s listen to 4 and learn what Michael does at the shop.
(播放听力磁带。听完一遍后，做书上的练习。)
T: Can you catch the paragraph?
Ss: Yes, we can.
T: Please turn to 4 on Page 42. Mark the sentences True (T) or False (F) alone.
(学生独立作业。)
T: S3,could you give your answers?
S3: Of course. They are T, F, T, F, T from 1 to 5.
T: Do you agree with him?
Ss: Yes, we do.
T: Listen to the passage once more. Check your answers.
Step 5 Project 第五步综合探究活动(时间:5分钟)
(实践活动)
T: If you are asked to design a blackboard paper for the graduation ceremony.
How will you do it?
Please design it on a piece of paper alone. Each group chooses the best one from your group and hand it in.
Section B
The main activities are 1a, 2a and 2c. 本课重点活动是1a，2a和2c。
Ⅰ. Teaching aims and demands教学目标
1. Master the new phrase:
to one’s joy
2. Go over the present perfect tense:
(1) Maybe I have done some things that hurt your feelings in the past three years.
(2) I’ve certainly forgotten everything like that.
3. Learn to make an apology:
(1) I beg your pardon.
(2) You don’t need to say sorry.
4. Practice making a speech at the graduation ceremony.
Ⅱ. Teaching aids教具
磁带/录音机/写有阅读任务的小黑板
Ⅲ. Five-finger Teaching Plan五指教学方案
Step 1 Review 第一步复习(时间:15分钟)
1. (复习上节课功能话题，现在完成时态和其他一些时态的综合运用。)
T: Boys and girls, glad to see you again.
Ss: Glad to see you, too.
T: Our graduation is coming. What will you do for it?
S1: I must study hard for the final examination.
S2: I will buy some gifts for my good friends.
S3: I will make some cards for my classmates and design some beautiful flowers and words on the blackboard for the ceremony.
T: Great! Now, please work in pairs and discuss what you have done for graduation.
(学生互相讨论，复习现在完成时态的用法。教师尽量引导学生复习含有完成时态的陈述句、疑问句及其回答。)
T: S4, could you tell us what you have done?
S4: I have taken some photos to send to my good friends. S5 and I have prepared a program for the graduation ceremony.
S5: Yes, we have practised the program for a long time.
T: That’s great. Most of you have prepared for the examination, haven’t you?
Ss: Yes, we have.
T: It’s so smart of you to do so.
2. (导入新单词和短语。)
T: To my great joy, most of you are studying so hard. Here “to one’s joy”means “what makes one hap py”, that is to say，in Chinese, “使某人高兴的是……”, for another example, to his great joy, he has passed the examination. Who can make a sentence with the phrase?
S6: To my great joy, I have such a teacher as you.
S7: To our joy, we have learnt not only how to study, but also how to be a man.
T: Wonderful! I think once you work hard, you’ll achieve your dream. “Achieve” here means “realize”, “achieve your dream” means that your dream will come true. We also can say “achieve one’s goal, achieve success...”
S8: If we want to achieve our dream, we must work hard.
S9: He has finally achieved success.
T: Thank you. You are great! Now, let’s go over some phrases. There are some sentences. Please choose a proper phrase or word to complete them. Please come here and write your answers on the blackboard, S10.
(呈现写有下列内容的小黑板。此项活动复习已学单词，短语，激活旧知识，为课文理解作铺垫。)
(学生单独做作业，随后讨论并修改。教师给出学生在作业中的典型问题。)
T: Boys and girls, discuss the answers on the blackboard and then let’s check them together.
The answers are:1. Thanks to 2. To my joy 3. realize 4. get along well
5. enjoyed themselves
6. went on
Step 2 Presentation 第二步呈现(时间:12分钟)
1. (进入1a部分。)
T: Turn to Page 43. Look at the picture. Kangkang and Michael are talking about something.
Listen to the tape and learn what they are talking about. There are some questions for you after listening:
T: Now, have you caught the dialog?
Ss: Yes, we have.
T: Great! Turn to the task on the blackboard. Question 1. S1, please give your answer.
S1: Michael will go back to America.
T: S2, are you sure about question 2?
S2: Yes, he has. He says “I beg your pardon”.
T: You are right. “I beg your pardon” here means “I am sorry” or “I beg you to forgive me”.
When you can’t catch somebody, you also can say“I beg your pardon”. It means “I don’t
(板书划线部分。)
T: Let’s turn to question 3. S3, could you give the answer to it?
S3: They will remember all the good time they have had together.
2. (进入1b部分。)
T: All right. Read the dialog and make sure of your answers.
Group 1 and group 2 act as Kangkang, group 3 and group 4 act as Michael. One, two, three, go!
(根据班上座位的编排情况把学生分成两组，分角色朗读。)
T: Now, you have to finish a task alone according to the dialog.
Turn to 1b on Page 43. Fill in the blanks and finish it as soon as possible.
(学生独立作业。)
T: S4, could you give your answers?
S4: All right. Michael is going back to America. Kangkang will miss him a lot. In the past three years, maybe he has done some things that hurt Michael’s feelings. He is really sorry for that.
But Michael says he will remember all the good times they’ve had together.
The answers are:miss, has done, feelings, sorry, will remember
T: Class, what do you think of his answers?
Ss: We agree with him.
3. (进入2a部分。)
T: Boys and girls. Maybe some of us will make speeches at the graduation ceremony.
Today, we’ll learn how to make it. There are two speeches at the graduation ceremony.
Please read it on Page 43. Let’s see what they say in the speech. Read the pas sage in 2 minutes. There will be some tasks for you.
T: Finished?
Ss: Yes, we have.
What they got during the three years? (3) What they will do?
(学生展开讨论,随后汇报结果。老师填写关键词及短语。)
T: S5, please find the words and phrases showing their feelings.
S5: I’ll try. (1) excited and happy(2) a fantastic three-year time
(3) a happy family (4) many unforgettable memories
(5) to my great joy (6) love
T: So wonderful of you! S6, could you finish the next: what they got?
S6: OK. (1) learnt a lot from others (2) got along well with friends
(3) won the prize of “Excellent Student”(4) received a lot of praise
T: Thank you, S6, you are the same great. The last task: who will try?
S7: Let me try. (1) say good-bye (2) remember...
(3) go on working hard (4) come back to school
(把划线部分填入表格。使学生清楚地了解文章的具体内容。)
T: Thank you, S7. So wonderful!
Step 3 Consolidation 第三步巩固(时间:8分钟)
1. (听磁带模仿语音、语调。)
T: We’ve learnt what the speech says. Now, listen to the tape.Pay attention to its pronunciation and intonation.
(播放课文磁带。)
T: Are you sure you have no problems about the test?
Ss: Yes, we are.
2. (开展任务型活动，帮助学生进行语音、语调练习，加深对句子的理解。)
(进入2b部分。)
T: I’ll check how you grasp the text. Turn to 2b on Page 44, choose the similar meanings. At first, finish the part alone.
(学生独立作业。)
T: Finished?
Ss: Yes, we have.
T: OK. S1, read the first sentence and choose the similar word.
S1: All right. We have had three fantastic years in Ren’ai International School. We can say we have had a great three-year time. So B is right.
T: You are right. S2, try No.2.
S2: I hav e many unforgettable memories. “unforgettable” means “hard to forget”. So A is right. T: ...
(教师按此方法完成3-5题。让学生借此练习自己的发音。)
3. (活动二。整合文章内容。练习学生的语音、语调，进一步加深对文章的理解。)
T: There are some questions. Could you answer them according to the text?
)
T: Question 1: Why is she feeling so excited and happy? S3, please.
S3: Because she will graduate from the school soon. She thinks of what she has had and what she will do.
T: Wonderful job!
Question 2: What has she got during the three-year time?
Who will try this task?
(让学生自愿举手。)
T: OK. S4, please!
S4: She has learnt a lot from her teacher and her friend. She has learned that if she wants to succeed, she must study hard at first.
T: You are so wonderful!
Step 4 Practice 第四步练习(时间:5分钟)
(进入课文2c部分。)
T: Just now, we have le arnt a speech and we discussed how to make a speech. Now, we’ll discuss what you are going to speak at the graduation ceremony. At first, discuss with your partner, then make a list of what you will speak in a right order.
(学生开始讨论，要求他们列出讨论结果。)
T: Stop! Are you sure about your speech?
Ss: Yes.
T: S1, please give your list of what you will say.
S1: OK. I am glad to.
(1) My feeling.
(2) The reasons for my excitement and happiness.
(3) What I’ve learnt and done during the three years.
(4) The most moving event.
(5) My plan for the future.
(教师根据情况可另外让1-2名学生陈述。)
Step 5 Project 第五步综合探究活动(时间:5分钟)
1. (练习写毕业典礼演讲稿。)
T: I think most of you have prepared for writing a speech.
Now, write it on your exercise book. There are some requirements for you.
(1) 先列出纲要。再写正文。
(2) 文章中尽量能运用已学或你收集的谚语或俗语。如:
①Where there is a will, there is a way.
②It’s the thought that counts.
③No pains, no gains.
(3) 词数:80-100。
2. Homework
Think of the activities referred to in the text. Which ones do you think not good for us? Show your reasons.
Section C
The main activities are 1a and 3. 本课重点活动是1a和3。
Ⅰ. Teaching aims and demands教学目标
1. Master some new phrases:
come to an end, bring about
2. Talk about graduation.
Ⅱ. Teaching aids教具
录音机/图片/各种毕业证
Ⅲ. Five-finger Teaching Plan五指教学方案
Step 1 Review 第一步复习(时间:10分钟)
1. (向学生出示康康做演讲的图片，为毕业典礼展开话题。)
T: What’s Kangkang doing?
Ss: He is making a speech.
T: Where is he making the speech?
Ss: He is making the speech at the graduation ceremony.
T: When will they graduate from Ren’ai International School?
Ss: At this weekend.
T: What must they do before graduation?
Ss: They must pass the final examination.
T: What will Maria do to get ready for their graduation ceremony?
Ss: She will draw some colorful flowers and write some words on the blackboard with chalk. T: What has Jane done for it?
Ss: S he’s got many cards.
T: What has Kangkang done for it?
Ss: He’s prepared a large package full of presents.
T: You will graduate very soon. What will you do for it?
S1: I will …
S2: I …
S3: …
T: Why do you want to give your presents to your friends?
S4: …
S5: …
T: You have been together at school for about three years.
You will think back to your golden old days when you miss your friends.
)
Example: golden memories (美好的记忆)
golden chance (良机)
(让同学们翻译词组以巩固对单词的理解。)
T: 美好童年。
Ss: Golden childhood.
T: 美好的未来。
Ss: Golden future.
T: “Golden” also means something made of gold or have the color of gold.
Example: golden hair, golden necklace, golden earrings. Please translate these phrases.
(让学生们翻译这几个词组。)
Ss: 金发、金项链、金耳环。
T: The days you have been together will be a beautiful memory in your life. So we say the golden old days. How are you feeling now?
(让学生们说出毕业前的心情，为后面的写作打下基础。)
S6: I feel excited because I will go to another school to learn more.
S7: I feel worried because I must pass the final examination.
S8: I feel proud because I won the prize of “Excellent Student” in my class.
S9: I feel sorry because we will leave our school. Maybe we can’t meet each other for a long time.
S10: …
. .
.
T: What will you say to your old friends?
S11: I’m going to remember all the good time we’ve had together.
S12: If I hurt you sometime, I want to say I’m sorry.
S13: I’ll miss you.
S14: We can get together again some time in the future.
S15: …
. .
.
(让学生们给出不同的回答。)
S16: …
S17:…
T: Are you willing to give a speech?
S18: …
S19: …
2. (听前准备。设置几个与本短文有关的话题，提前解释文中的某些句子。)
T: You will have a graduation ceremony very soon. But what is a graduation ceremony?
(帮助同学们用课文中的句子做出回答。)
Ss: A graduation ceremony is a custom which takes place when students graduate from a school.
T: When you graduate from a school, you will receive a piece of paper. On the paper, you can find your name, your school’s n ame and your principle will sign the paper. What do we call it?
(从本句的描述中引出新单词。)
Ss: It’s a diploma.
T: But what do you call the paper when you graduate from a college?
It’s a degree. That can show that you are a college graduate or a
university graduate.
(
(呈现各种毕业证书及学历证书，让学生更明确地理解其含义。)
T: What does a graduation ceremony mean?
T & Ss: It marks the end of one’s school life.
Step 2 Presentation 第二步呈现(时间:10分钟)
1. (设置一个问题，听第一段，找出文章主题。)
T: What is the passage about?
(听录音，回答问题。)
Ss: It’s about a graduation ceremony.
2. (继续听完，让同学们划出文中难以理解的内容，教师做出讲解。)
T: Let’s go on listening. While you are listening, underline the words, expressions and sentences that are difficult to understand.
Step 3 Consolidation 第三步巩固(时间:3分钟)
1. (自读，完成1b。)
T: Read by yourselves and answer the questions in 1b.
(请同学们说出问题答案，并核对。)
(1)A graduation ceremony is a custom which takes place when students graduate from a school.
(2)The ceremony is usually held in a big hall.
(3)On the ceremony, the best students make speeches. Each graduate will receive his diploma.
(4)After the ceremony, students often chat with their teachers, friends and relatives who come
to congratulate them. They also take photos of each other and talk to each other about their future.
2. (四人小组活动，写出每段的关键词，并派一个代表复述课文。)
T: Please work in groups of four and find the key words in each group. Then ask one student to retell the passage.
(如果学生们感到有难度，可让他们逐段复述。)
3. (重点读最后一段，完成1c。)
T: Read the last paragraph of 1a and fill in the chart below. You can also add your own opinion. (完成表格之后，找几个同学把添加的内容向大家汇报。)
T: How do you feel when the graduation ceremony comes?
S1: …
T: Why?
(以相同的方法问其他的学生。)
Step 4 Practice 第四步练习(时间:15分钟)
1. (教师总结学生们的回答，把内容引向2。)
T: Different students have different feelings. But most people are not willing to leave. What about Kangkang? A journalist is interviewing him after the graduation ceremony. Choose the best answer and complete the dialog.
(1)(自读短文，填入正确答案，答案B, E, D, A, C)
(2)(设置问题，引导学生深入理解对话。)
①What’s Kangkang’s feeling?
He’s very happy and excited.
② Is he willing to leave his school?
No, he isn’t.
③ Will he keep in touch with his teachers and friends?
Yes, he will.
④ Will he come back to see his school? When?
Sure. He’ll be back on his school’s 10th anniversar y ceremony in 2010.
(3)(两人一组表演对话。)
Work in pairs to practice the dialog.
2. (总结离别前夕大家所想的、所做的，复习前几节课内容。)
T: Work in groups of four. Then ask one student to report to others.
(1)What have they done or what did they do?
(2)What must they do for the graduation?
(3)What do they want to do?
Name things they have done things they must do things they want to do
(1)What have they done or what did they do?
(2)What must they do for the graduation?
(3)What do they want to do?
They have had a fantastic three-year time in Ren’ai International School. They have studied and lived together for three years. Here they have learnt a lot of things from each other. They learnt how to study, how to do things together, how to get along well with others and how to be a man.
They each got the diploma of Ren’ai International school, and Kangkang won the prize of “Excellent Student”. He received a lot of prizes and made a speech at the graduation cere mony.
Before the ceremony, they must pass the examination first. And they did their best to congratulate the ceremony. Maria and her friends drew some colorful flowers and wrote some words on the blackboard with chalk. They sent each other some cards and other presents, too. Kangkang said he would come back to join the 10th anniversary ceremony in 2010 and keep in touch with his teachers and friends.
Name things they have done things they must do things they want to do
T: Work in four-people group and get one student to report your ideas to others.
Step 5 Project 第五步综合探究活动(时间: 5分钟)
1. (讨论。写出在毕业前夕自己的感受及想对老师、朋友说的话，以口头形式做出汇报。) T: Please tell your partner what you will feel and what you will say to your old friends.
S1: …
S2: …
2. Homework
Write a passage about what you will feel and what you will say to your old friends.
Section D
The main activities are 1a and 4. 本课重点活动是1a和4。
Ⅰ. Teaching aims and demands教学目标
1. Master some new words and phrases:
hurry, hurry up, head, in the future, awake, (at) any minute now
2. Express farewells:
(1)We have only a little time left to say good-bye.
(2)I’m sad to be here watching you all head back home.
(3)Which flight will you take?
(4)I’m sorry we have to go now.
(5)I hope you will have a great future. I look forward to reading about it in your e-mails.
(6)We’ll miss you!
(7)Keep in touch!
(8)Have a safe flight!
Ⅱ. Teaching aids教具
录音机/图片
Ⅲ. Five-finger Teaching Plan五指教学方案
Step 1 Review 第一步复习(时间:10分钟)
1. (以点将的形式复习本单元谚语。)
(老师说出汉语，让同学说出英语，考查同学们的记忆力。)
T: S1，礼轻情意重。
S1: It’s the thought that counts.
T: 有志者事竟成。
S2: Where there is a will, there is a way.
T: 凡人皆有得意日。
S3: Every dog has its day.
(老师说出英语，让同学们说出汉语，扩展同学们的知识。)
T: No pains, no gains.
Ss: 不劳无获。
T: A friend in need is a friend indeed.
Ss: 患难朋友才是真朋友。
T: An early bird catches worms.
Ss: 勤能补拙。
T: Waste not, want not.
Ss: 塞翁失马，焉知非福。
T: All roads lead to Rome.
Ss: 条条大路通罗马。
T: When in Rome, do as Romans do.
Ss: 入乡随俗。
2. (复习与毕业有关的内容，为引出新课作出铺垫。)
T: What does a graduation ceremony mark?
(帮助学生一起回忆教材中有关的句子。)
Ss: It marks the end of a period in one’s school life.
T: It means something else. What does it mean?
(让学生们自主发表意见。)
S4: It means we must leave this school.
S5: It means we can’t be together any longer.
S6: It means we have grown up.
S7: It means we can see each other only in our dreams.
S8: It means we may not see each other again.
(问及学生们自己毕业前的感受及原因。)
T: Everything has an end. You’ll leave our school very soon.
How do you feel about it?
(让学生们举手回答问题。)
S9: I’m happy.
T: Why?
S9: Because I can find new friends in another school.
(以相同的方式问其他学生。)
S10: …
S11: …
T: What do I feel? Do you know?
Ss: We don’t know. What do you feel?
(教师通过问这个问题来呈现本课新单词。)
T: I feel happy because you have grown up. But I feel disappointed too. Because I always dream of you these days. When I awake, I can’t see you, then I will feel anxious and hurry back to school. I want to get to school earlier and stay with you for a longer time.
()
T: “Awake” means “wake up”.
Example:
I always awake at 6:00, then I get up at once.
(以词组和例句的形式解释生词。)
T: “Hurry” means do something more quickly than usual.
Example: Kangkang got up and hurried to school.
T: When we want somebody to do something quickly, we can say.
Hurry! or Hurry up!
And we can use it as a noun.
Example:
(继续提出问题，为1a的呈现打下基础。)
T: Where is Maria from?
Ss: She is from Cuba.
T: Where is Michael from?
Ss: He is from the U.S.A.
T: Where is Jane from?
Ss: She is from Canada.
(教师总结，引出机场送行。)
T: Now they have graduated f rom Ren’ai International School. They have to go back home.
How can they go back?
(这个问题很简单，同学们会自然回答乘飞机。)
Ss: They can go by air/by plane.
T: They are leaving for their homes, they are heading back to their homes. That means they are starting to go back home.
Ss: At airport.
T: Yes, Kangkang will see them off at Beijing Airport.
Step 2 Presentation 第二步呈现(时间:5分钟)
1. (设置问题，让学生带着问题去听，锻炼其从听力材料中获取信息的能力。)
(1)Who is the last to get to the airport?
(2)Why was she so late?
(3)Which airline is Jane flying on?
2. (放录音，让学生找出答案。)
The answers are:
(1)Maria is the last to get to the airport.
(2)Because many people wanted to say goodbye to her family.
(3)Flight Ac 2968.
Step 3 Consolidation 第三步巩固(时间:10分钟)
1. (打开课本，看着对话听录音，找出表达送别的用语并给出问题的答案。)
(1)Why is it a sad farewell?
(2)How do they plan to keep in touch?
(3)Does Michael like to write?
(4)What does Michael like?
The answers are:
(1)Because they may not see each other again.
(2)They plan to keep in touch by sending e-mails.
(3)No, he doesn’t.
(4)He likes skating.
(送别用语)
T: Let’s take roles to practice the dialog.
Step 4 Practice 第四步练习(时间:10分钟)
1. (做出相似的对话。)
T: Your graduation will come very soon. Do you need to see your friends off? Let’s suppose you are seeing your friends off at the airport or at the station. Make a similar dialog in pairs or in groups. You can use the sentences on the blackboard to help you.
2. (阅读，完成2。)
(1)(用所给动词的适当形式填空。)
The answers are:arrived, love, were dancing, to paint, dreamed/dreamt, awoke, missed, sent, meet, don’t forget
(2)(解释文中的生词及难懂的句子。)
T: “Alive” means “continue to exist” or “keep existing”, 继续存在。We ca n say “keep a dream alive”,使梦想不破灭，“keep a hope alive”，使希望永不破灭。
(3)(设置问题，帮助学生们深入理解短文。)
① Where did Maria arrive?
② Where does she often go for a walk?
③ Why did she feel sad?
The answers are:
① She safely arrived at her hometown in Havana, Cuba.
② She often goes for a walk on the seaside.
③ Because she missed her friends.
3. (小组活动，设计毕业后的去向。)
T: You are going to leave school, what are you going to do after graduation? What do you want to be in the future? How can you achieve your dream? Please work in groups of four. Then
Steve likes painting very much. He wants to be an artist very much, so he will go to an art school to achieve his dream.
Step 5 Project 第五步综合探究活动(时间: 10分钟) 1. Collect famous sayings, then choose one as your motto.
address book. Fill in the chart and report it to others.
3. Homework
Get your schoolmates to fill in your address book.
Topic3 Let’s celebrate！【Unit8】 Part 1:训练目标 1.在本话题中，学生要学会谈论节日和假期，及其风俗文化。 2.掌握新的词汇和表达。 Part 2：课堂练习 Section A 【知识积累】 一、根据句意和首字母提示补全单词。 1. Americans eat turkey and p_______ with their families to celebrate Thanksgiving Day. 2. In China many children play with lanterns on Lantern F______. 3. People watch the show of lantern and guess r_____ on lunar January 15th. 4. In Spring Festival, parents give their children gifts and money for good l____ in the new year. 5. What s______ food do you have in Mid-autumn Day? 6. On Lantern Festival, Chinese people often eat s_______ dumplings for good luck. 7. C_________ Day is on December 25th. 8. Many children b_________ there is a real Father Christmas in the world. 二、单项选择： ( ) 1. Please remember ________ the door when you leave the room. A. close B. to close C. closing D. to closing ( )2. He can’t ________ English? He is ________ a lie. A. say; telling B. speak; saying C. speak; telling D. talk; speaking ( ) 3. The weather here is fine ________. It’s a good place ________ your holidays. A. all the year round; spend B. all the round; spend C. all the round; to spend D. all the year round; to spend ( ) 4. — Where is Kangkang? —He is ill. He ________ at home. A. can be B. may be C. must be D. be ( ) 5. — What about visiting the Great Wall tomorrow? —That ________ really wonderful. A. sounds B. sound C. sound like D. sounded ( ) 6. Many Chinese families burn pictures of kitchen God, Zao Shen, _____ good luck. A. to bring B. bring C. for bring D. brings ( ) 7. I hope ________ together with my father. A. get B. gets C. to get D. got ( ) 8. Tomorrow is April 1st.It’s _________. A. April Fool’s Day B. Mother’s Day C. Father’s Day D. May Day ( ) 9. We must learn from ______________. A. other B. each C. each other D. they ( ) 10. People eat dumplings ___________ good luck.
Pep小学、初中英语词汇表（共619个单词） 名词n ,noun[naun] 形容词adj ,adjective['?d?iktiv] 数词num ,numeral['nu:m?r?l, 'nju:-] 代词pron ,pronoun['pr?unaun] 动词v ,verb[v?:b] 副词adv ,adverb['?dv?:b] 冠词art ,article['ɑ:tikl] 介词prep ,preposition[,prep?'zi??n] 连词conj ,conjunction[k?n'd???k??n] 感叹词int ,interjection[,?nt?'d?ek??n] a,[?n,?n]一(在元音字母前代替不定代词a) an, [?n,?n]一(在元音字母前代替不定代词a) about[?'baut]（关于，大约）, after['ɑ:ft?]（之后）, afternoon[,ɑ:ft?'nu:n]（下午）, again[?'ɡen, ?'ɡein]再一次, ago[?'ɡ?u]以前, air[??]空气，空中, v t. & vi. 晾晒, 烘干 all[?:l]全部, along[?'l??]沿着, 向前，往前 am, [?m]是（用于第一人称） and, [?nd, ?nd, ?n]和, 与, 及，然后，接着angry['??ɡri]生气的, 恶劣的, 狂怒的 animal['?nim?l]动物, 兽, 牲畜 answer['ɑ:ns?]回答，答案, ant[?nt]蚂蚁, any['eni]任何的, 一点, 一些 apple, ['?pl]苹果; 苹果树 April['eipr?l]四月, are, [ɑ:]是（用于二三人称的复数） ask[ɑ:sk问要求, 请求,at, August['?:ɡ?st]八月, aunt[ɑ:nt]阿姨,姑母, 姨母; 伯母, 婶母, 舅母auntie aunty['?nti:, 'ɑ:n-](aunt的昵称)伯母;婶母;姑母;姨母;舅母 autumn['?:t?m]秋天，秋季，成熟期, 渐衰期 B Back[b?k]（后面）, bad[b?d]坏的, bag[b?ɡ]包，书包, ball[b?:l]球, 舞会 banana[b?'nɑ:n?]香蕉, bank[b??k]银行，河岸, basketball['bɑ:skitb?:l]篮球, bathroom['bɑ:θrum]浴室, be, [bi:, bi][be to-v]表示必要、打算、可能性、假设等或用来表示将来安排 bean[bi:n]菜豆,豆 bear[b??]n熊, vt. & vi.1 承担, 负担 beautiful['bju:t?ful]美丽的,很好的 bed[bed]床, 河床,苗圃, 花坛 bee[bi:]蜜蜂, before[bi'f?:]conj以前, prep. (表示位置)在…前面 begin[bi'ɡin]开始, best[best]最好的, between[bi'twi:n]在….之间, big[biɡ]大的, 成功的,重要的, 重大的;bigger较大的；biggest 最大的 bike[baik]自行车, bird[b?:d]鸟, birthday['b?:θdei]生日, black[bl?k]黑色的, blackboard['bl?kb?:d]黑板, blue[blu:]蓝色的, blow[bl?u]吹, boat[b?ut]小船, book[buk]书, 书籍账簿,vt. 1 登记, 记账 borrow['b?r?u]借，借入， boots[bu:ts]靴子, n擦靴人 bowl[b?ul]碗, 钵, 盘 box[b?ks]盒子，箱子, pencil['pens?l]铅笔, 彩色铅笔 pencil box文具盒, boy.[b?i]男孩, 少年 bread[bred]面包, 生计 breakfast['brekf?st]早餐, bright[brait]明亮的,聪明的, 愉快的，鲜艳的 bring[bri?]带来,造成，引起 brother['br?e?]兄弟, bus[b?s]公共汽车,巴士 but[b?t, b?t]但是, prep. 除…以外 buy[bai]买, 交易, 买卖 by[ba?]乘, 在…近旁; 在身边 bye[ba?]int.再见adj. 次要的 C Cake[keik]蛋糕, can[k?n, k?n]v能，会, n罐, 罐头 car[kɑ:]小汽车, 轿车 card[kɑ:d]卡, 纸牌, 扑克牌，办法, 手段, 妙计careful['k??ful]仔细的, 小心的 carry['k?ri]运，搬,提, 挑, 背 cartoon[kɑ:'tu:n]漫画, 动画片 cat[k?t], 猫 chair[t???]椅子, 大学教授职位 cheap[t?i:p]便宜的, 低俗的, 卑鄙的 cheese[t?i:z]奶酪, chess[t?es]国际象棋, chick[t??k]小鸡, 少妇 chicken['t?ikin]鸡肉, child[t?aild]孩子, 儿童，子女 children['t??ldr?n]孩子们, chocolate['t??k?lit]巧克力, city['siti]城市,都市，全城居民 class[klɑ:s]班级, 阶级, 社会阶级 classroom['klɑ:sru:m]教室, clean[kli:n]干净的，打扫, 正派的, 正大光明的clear[kli?]清晰的, 清白的，畅通的 clearly['kl??l?]明朗地,明确地，明亮地 clever['klev?]聪明的, 灵巧的, 精巧的 climb[klaim]爬, 上升, 增长 clock[kl?k]钟, 挂钟；watch [w?t?] 手表，看，观察close[kl?uz]关, 终结, 结束 clothes[kloz, kloez]衣服, coat[k?ut]外套, coffee['k?fi]咖啡, 咖啡豆 coin[k?in]硬币, cold[k?uld]寒冷, heat[hi:t] 高温, 炎热 have a cold感冒, colour['k?l?]颜色, 脸色, 气色，肤色 come[k?m]来, come back回来, come out出来, come to school来到学校, computer[k?m'pju:t?]电脑, 计算机
一、循序渐进，逐步掌握自然拼读法 对于小学生而言，自然拼读法的掌握并不是一蹴而就的事情，而是一个循序渐进，逐渐积累熟练的过程，因此，作为小学英语教师，在引导学生掌握自然拼读法时，一定要由简到繁，由易到难。在自然拼读法的教学中，我一直坚持采用“五阶段分解法”，将自然拼读法的学习分成五个阶段，层层递进。第一阶段：引导学生建立字母与字母自然发音之间的直接联系，让学生掌握代表英语44个基本音的字母和字母组合，比如掌握单辅音（p,d,k…）、辅音字母组合（c h,sh,th…），元音包括短元音（a,e,i…）、长元音（ai,ee,ie…）和其他元音（er,or,oi…）的发音等等；第二阶段：引导学生能够成功拼读元音+辅音（辅音+元音）。如：m-ymy，g-ogo等等；第三阶段：引导学生能够成功拼读辅音+元音+辅音。如d-o-gdog，h-o-thot；第四阶段：引导学生成功拼读双音节或多音节单词。如sw-ea-t-ersweater；第五阶段：引导学生听音辨字，即听到单词读音就能拼出该单词。所以说在教学中，教师一定要分清层次，引导学生逐步去学习，一步步的打牢基础。 二、强化练习，熟练运用自然拼读法 学习是一个持续推进，反复强化的过程，最忌三天打鱼、两天晒网。不管哪一门学科，要想掌握相关知识，都必须不断的学习、练习、强化记忆。尤其是关于语言的学习，一定要不断回顾，不断练习。小学自然拼读法的学习，同样如此。在教学中，笔者发现许多教师在教学过程中，只传授给学生最基本的方法，然而却忽视引导学生进行认真的练习，导致学生学过之后，遗忘率很高，影响了教学效果。笔者认为，对于教师而言，一定要将强化练习融入自然拼读法的教学中，比如，在讲解字母和字母组合的基本音时，如果教师讲过之后，没有督促学生进行练习，加深记忆，学生肯定记不清、记不牢、容易混淆，只有不断加强督促，加强检查，引导学生去记忆，去练习，才能将44个字母和字母组合的基本音刻印在学生的脑子里。此外，掌握了基本的字母和字母组合的发音后，教师就应该引导学生进行单词的拼读和拼写练习。在教学过程中，在引导学生掌握字母和字母组合的发音后，我首先会组织学生进行拼读练习，每天都会在黑板上写出很多
Unit 8 topic 2 暑/寒假____________________ 假日计划______________ 想做某事____________ 环游国家______________希望做某事______________ 计划做某事________________ 照相_______________=_______________出去______________名胜古迹________________和某人聚会________________去度假______________ 在度假_____ __________________玩得很高兴_______________________ = have a great time = have a wonderful time = have a nice time = ______________________最佳时间__________________ 回去____________ 与...不同__________________为...买________________ 两幅太阳镜________________ 二、重点句型： 1. The summer holidays_______ ___________.（要来了） 2. I hope_____ _________ _____ with my old friends.（和老朋友在一起） 3. _______ __________ _______a good plan for the holidays. （我们每个人） 4. It_______ _____________interesting.（听起来相当有趣） 三单项选择 ( ) 1. I ______ you______ with us tomorrow. A. will hope; to go B. hope; can go C. will hope; go ( ) 2. ______of them takes many photos. A. All B. Each C. They ( ) 3. You look tired. You should ______to bed earlier. A. to go B. go C. went ( ) 4. He would like ______in China. A. to stay B. staying C. stays ( ) 5. We plan _______the Great Wall. A. visit B. to visit C. visiting ( ) 6. The customs of this country are different______ours. A. to B. for C. from ( ) 7. Be quick, or you’ll ______the train. A. catch B. miss C. take ( ) 8. —Have a good time on the trip, Jane. —______. A. You, too. B. That’s OK. C. Thank you. Un it 8 Topic 3 Let’s celebrate! Section A 一．学习目标： 1.学习节日名称。 2.谈论中国和其他国家的一些重要节假日及庆祝方式，了解中外风俗文化的差异。 二、学法指导： 1、养成常听的好习惯。 2、课堂积极参与 3、积极操练，重在口头。 4、及时巩固，反复记忆。 5、培养良好的习惯。 三导学自主（写出并熟记一些单词） 节日______________ 饺子_____________ 龙_________火鸡______________ 灯笼________ 月亮的_______________甜的_______________运气_____________ 谜语____________南瓜___________果馅饼________________相信___________________ 基督____________月饼_______________月亮______________午夜___________________满的；饱的___________________ b)写出下列节日及短语：
磁性物理 一、名词解释 1.元磁偶极子：指强度相等，极性相反并且其距离无限接近的一对“磁荷”。 2.磁场强度H：为单位点电荷在该处所受的磁场力的大小，方向与正磁荷在该处所受磁场 力方向一致。 3.磁矩：磁偶极子磁性大小方向可以用磁矩来表示，磁矩定义为磁偶极子等效的平面回路 的电流和回路面积的乘积，即 4.磁化强度（M）：是描述宏观磁体强弱程度的物理量。 5.磁感应强度：描述磁场强度和方向的物理量，是矢量。 6.磁化曲线：表示物质中的磁场强度H与所感应的磁感应强度B之间的关系。 7.磁滞回线：在磁场中，铁磁体的磁感应强度与磁场强度的关系可用曲线来表示，当磁化 磁场作周期性变化时，铁磁体中的磁感应强度与磁场强度的关系是一条闭合线，这条闭合线叫做磁滞回线。 8.磁化率：表征磁介质属性的物理量。 9.磁导率：又称导磁系数，是衡量物质的导磁性能的一个物理量，可通过测取同一点的B、 H值确定。 10.退磁场：有限几何尺寸的磁体在外磁场中被磁化后，表面将产生磁极，从而使磁体内部 存在与磁化强度M方向相反的一种磁场，起减退磁化的作用，称为退磁场H d。 11.交换能（F ex）：电子自旋间的交换相互作用产生的能量。 12.磁晶各向异性能（F k）：铁磁体内晶体场对轨道电子间的作用、电子的轨道磁矩与自旋 磁矩间的耦合效应所产生的能量。 13.磁应力能（Fδ）：铁磁体内磁性和弹性（形变）相互作用所引起的能量（又称为磁弹性 应力能）。 14.退磁场能（F d）：铁磁体与其自身所产生的退磁场之间的相互作用能。
15.静磁能（F H）：铁磁体与外磁场之间的相互作用产生的能量。 16.磁致伸缩现象：铁磁晶体由于磁化状态的改变，其长度或体积都要发生微小的变化，这 种现象叫磁致伸缩现象。 17.磁畴：指铁磁体材料在自发磁化的过程中为降低静磁能而产生分化的方向各异的小型磁 化区域。 18.自发磁化：磁有序物质在无外加磁场的情况下，由于近邻原子间电子的交换作用或其他 相互作用，使物质中各原子的磁矩在一定空间范围内呈现有序排列而达到的磁化，称为自发磁化 19.技术磁化：技术磁化阐述的是关于铁磁质在整个磁化过程中磁化行为的机理，即阐明 了在外磁场作用下，磁畴是通过何种机制逐渐趋向外磁场方向的。 20.畴壁：各个磁畴之间的交界处称为畴壁。 21.畴壁位移：在有外场作用下，自发磁化方向接近于H方向的磁畴长大，而与H方向偏离 较大的近邻磁畴相应缩小，从而使畴壁发生位置变化，这个磁化过程称为畴壁位移22.磁泡：在消磁状态下，若外加向上的磁场，随着磁场强度增加，向下的磁畴逐渐减小， 从达到某一磁场强度开始出现圆柱状磁畴，由于其形状有如泡状，故称其为磁泡。23.Neel壁：磁矩平行于薄膜表面逐渐过渡。特点：畴壁面上无自由磁极出现，保证了在 畴壁上不会产生退磁场能，也能保持畴壁能为极小；但是在晶体的上下表面上却不可避免地会出现表面磁荷。 24.Bloch壁：磁矩的过渡方式始终保持平行于畴壁平面。特点：畴壁面上无自由磁极出现， 保证了在畴壁上不会产生退磁场能，也能保持畴壁能为极小但在晶体的上下表面上却不可避免地会出现表面磁荷。 25.单畴颗粒：大块材料以多畴结构最为稳定，只有在很强的外磁场作用下，才被磁化至饱 和，整块材料的磁矩基本上取同一磁化方向，近似于一个单畴。 26.居里温度：磁矩的有序排列由于热扰动被完全破坏时的温度。（磁滞回线对温度是很敏 感的，特别是铁磁体，由于其自发磁化对温度的相关性，造成磁滞回线相对于温度变化的一系列特征。）铁磁性材料的自发磁化M s在居里点T c发生磁性转变，T c以下为铁磁性，T c以上铁磁性消失。
Unit 3 Under the sea 【导语】捕鲸业是世界上古老的行业之一，它的历史发展和现状如何呢？ The whaling industry is one of the oldest industries in existence.It has undergone vast changes since its beginning，primarily due to the creation of the International Whaling https://www.doczj.com/doc/d512840452.html,mercial whaling still continues throughout the world，but the whaling quotas are restricted by the commission，thereby helping conserve the whale populations. Whaling refers to hunting wh ales primarily for their oil，meat and bones.Whaling dates back to prehistoric times，most prevalent in Norway and Japan.The hunt became an industry in the 1600s in the Arctic regions，mostly by the Dutch and British.American colonists started whaling in the 1700s.Nantucket whalers were the first to kill a sperm whale，and the discovery of spermaceti in the whale's head made the sperm whale one of the most highly prized catches.Whaling ships set out from New England into the Pacific for extremely long voyages to hunt down these whales. Whaling industry has been a part of a variety of countries' industries.The following countries were the earliest pioneers in the whaling industry：England，France，Germany，Iceland，Japan，the Netherlands，Norway and the American colonies (although they were not a country at the time)．The following countries still practice whaling in some form or fashion：Canada，Greenland，the Grenadines，Iceland，Indonesia，Japan，the Netherlands，Norway，Russia and the United States. 【词海拾贝】 1．vast adj.广阔的；巨大的 2．primarily adv.首先；最初 3．commission n．委员会 4．commercial adj.商业的 5．quota n．配额 6．prevalent adj.盛行的 7．sperm whale 巨头鲸；抹香鲸 【问题思考】 1．What helps conserve the whale populations? _______________________________________________________ 答案：The whaling quotas.
小学四年级上册英语单 词发音归类 Company number：【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-
小学四年级上册英语单词发音归类 a-e /e/ cake make face name shake date race game gate hate plate grape wave Dave Jane Jake Kate a // cap map dad hand bag man fat fan hat cat at apple candy Jack i-e/a/ five rice nine kite nice fine like time bike bite side ice white Mike i // pig big six sit milk fish thin picture is it this miss bit rabbit English window sister fifteen o-e// nose Coke home note rose hope Jones bone old toes no o // dog box body mom orange hot not lot lost Tom John u-e /ju:/ use cute excuse UK USA pupil student tube mule u // duck up cup cut but bus us uncle under fun mum study -e /i:/ he she we be -e- /e/ red bed ten pen pencil leg let get desk seven egg elephant friend
Unit 8 Topic 3 基础知识周清 一.单词 1.决定于 2.纪律 3.调查 4.采访 5.普通的 6.便衣，便服 7.门卫 8.套装 9.服务员10.进去11.膝盖12.时机 13.正确地14.正文15.原因16.消防人员 17.温度18.天花板19.士兵20.官员 21.飞机场22.警官23.病人24.传播 25.每日的26.意见27.非常的28.北方的 29.随便的30.漂亮的31.长筒靴32.类似的,相像的 33.穿戴,穿衣 二.词组 1.计划做 2.我自己的 3.取决于 4.亲自 5.同意某人的看法 6.最好做某事 7.高兴做某事8.在岗位上9.执行特殊任务 10.遇到麻烦的人11.阻止某人做某事12.不得不做 13.这边请14.脱下，起飞15.保持安静 16.听老师讲课17.做运动18.遵守交通规则 19.保护...免受…的伤害20.看见某人正在做某事 21.在飞机场22.在街上23.在日常生活中 24.在每一个场合25.而且26.在春天 27.事实上28.取决于29.像…一样 30.和…一样 三.句子 1.你能告诉我王老师说什么吗? 2.她说学校计划为我们做校服。 3.这取决于谁来设计我们的衣服。
4.事实上得体的校服的确能显示出良好的风纪。 5.你最好调查一下校服中学生喜欢的风格。 6.在岗位上穿制服对你来说很重要? 7.你能告诉我你什么时候穿制服? 8.你能告诉我在这我应该穿什么吗? 9.你能告诉我哪里有舞鞋? 10.当你进入日本人家里时,应该先脱掉鞋子。 11.你怎么了(3)? 12.在正式场合穿牛仔裤是不礼貌的。 13.(对于我们来说)在会议上穿工作套装很合适。 14.在会议上我们穿工作套装很合适。 15.人们因不同的原因穿制服。 16.消防员们穿特制的外套,戴头盔是为了防止高温和坍塌的天花板伤害他们。 17当我们看到在飞机场上穿着制服的飞行员时,我们相信他们知道如何使飞机起飞。 18.当医生穿上制服时,病人会很容易找到他们。 19.不同的制服代表着不同的工作。
磁性材料术语解释及计算公式 起始磁导率μi 初始磁导率是磁性材料的磁导率（B/H ）在磁化曲线始端的极限值，即 μi = 01μ× H B ?? ()0→?H 式中 μ0为真空磁导率（m H /7104-?π） ?H 为磁场强度的变化率（A/m ） ?B 为磁感应强度的变化率（T ） 有效磁导率μe 在闭合磁路中，如果漏磁可忽略，可以用有效磁导率来表示磁芯的性能。 e μ = Ae Le N L 20?μ 式中 L 为装有磁芯的线圈的电感量（H ） N 为线圈匝数 Le 为有效磁路长度（m ） Ae 为有效截面积 (m 2) 饱和磁通密度Bs （T ） 磁化到饱和状态的磁通密度。见图1。
Hc H 图 1 剩余磁通密度Br（T） 从饱和状态去除磁场后，剩余的磁通密度。见图1。 矫顽力Hc（A/m） 从饱和状态去除磁场后，磁芯继续被反向磁场磁化，直至磁感应强度减为零，此时的磁场强度称为矫顽力。见图1。 损耗因子tanδ 损耗系数是磁滞损耗、涡流损耗和剩余损耗三者之和。 tanδ= tanδh + tanδe + tanδr 式中 tanδh为磁滞损耗系数 tanδe为涡流损耗系数 tanδr为剩余损耗系数 相对损耗因子 tanδ/μi 比损耗因子是损耗系数与与磁导率之比： tanδ/μi（适用于材料） tanδ/μe（适用于磁路中含有气隙的磁芯） 品质因数 Q
品质因数为损耗因子的倒数: Q = 1/ tan δ 温度系数αμ( 1/K) 温度系数为T1和T2范围内变化时,每变化1K 相应的磁导率的相对变化量: αμ= 1 12μμ-μ.12T T 1- 式中 μ1为温度为T1时的磁导率 μ2为温度为T2时的磁导率 相对温度系数αμr(1/K) 温度系数和磁导率之比，即 αμr = 211 2μμ-μ.1 2T T 1- 减落系数 DF 在恒温条件下，完全退磁的磁芯的磁导率随时间的衰减变化，即 DF = 212 121μ1T T log μμ?- (T2>T1) μ1为退磁后T1分钟的磁导率 μ2为退磁后T2分钟的磁导率 居里温度Tc （℃） 在该温度时材料由铁磁性（或亚铁磁）转变为顺磁性，见图2。
小学英语单词辨音 5个元音字母的发音规则： Aa 开音节[ ei ] 闭音节[ ? ] 在[w]音后发[ ] Ee 开音节[ i: ] 闭音节[ e ] Ii 开音节[ai ] 闭音节[ i ] Oo 开音节[?u] 闭音节[ ] [u:] Uu 开音节[ju:] 闭音节[Λ]若是在j、l、r、s后读[u:] 练习 给出例词，请找出与划线部分相同的例词，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 Aa （）1、cake A:take B:cat （）2、name A:bag B:plane （）3、China A:about B:want （）4、after A:class B:wash （）5、What A:watch B:father （）6、cat A:flag B:baby （）7、late A:game B:any （）8、have A:happy B:past （）9、animal A:apple B:past （）10、make A:plane B:away Ee （）1、me A:these B:bed
（）2、he A:Chinese B:egg （）3、she A:best B:we （）4、let A:evening B:red （）5、lesson A:desk B:open （）6、mess A:me B:letter （）7、hen A:letter B:Chinese （）8、vegetable A:hen B:apple （）9、eng A:pen B:me （）10、pen A:he B:egg Ii （）1、ring A:shine B:miss （）2、mistake A:big B:find （）3、milk A:pick B:child （）4、nine A:line B:dish （）5、drive A:live B:bright （）6、pig A:finished B:pilot （）7、bike A:time B:city （）8、swim A:kite B:sit （）9、drink A:fish B:time （）10、find A:high B:chicken Oo （）1、nose A:dog B:boat （）2、those A:go B:not （）3、lose A:stop B:old
Unit 8 Topic 3 Section A 一、重要词汇 看时装秀看电视上个月 另一个著名的模特展示衣服 和我一起去听起来有趣洗衣服 二．语法知识点 宾语从句 宾语从句中应该使用陈述句语序。 Does he like Times English Post? Do you know? Do you know if / whether he likes Times English Post? What are they talking about? I want to know. I want to know what they are talking about. 当主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时，宾语从句中的时态不受影响。当主句中的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句则使用相应的过去时态。 I think that I can read newspapers. I think I should have a talk with her. I heard you had a bad cold. 注意： 如果宾语从句所表达的内容是客观真理和客观事实，从句中动词的时态不受主句中谓语动词时态的限制。 The teacher said that the earth moves round the sun. 三、练习 单项选择 ( ) 1. Here ____ another three girls. A. is B. comes C. come D. go ( ) 2. —What did Li Zhiwei say just now? —He said he ____ his homework in the classroom at that time. A. did B. is doing C. was doing D. does ( ) 3. There ____ a talk show on CCTV-4 at nine this evening. A. will have B. is going to be C. is going to have D. is having ( ) 4. —Could you let me know ____ yesterday? —Because the traffic was heavy. A. why did you come late B. why you came late C. why do you come late D. why do come late ( ) 5. “Have ____ try, you are so close to the answer.”the teacher said to Eric. A. the other B. one another C. other D. Another Unit 8 Topic 3 Section B 一、重要词汇 在…中央传统服装在…领域 少数民族服装至于某人/某物十分愿意 去后台普通的裙子变得流行 二．语法知识点
第6章 磁力的计算 由理论力学可知，体系在某一方向的力和力矩等于在该方向的能量梯度，可表达为： i i i W T q W F θ??=??= , (6-1) 式中，W —为体系的能量，i q —在i 方向的坐标，i F —i 方向的力，T —作用在θ方向的力矩，θ—旋转角。 1．吸引力的计算 1) 气隙能量有解的表达式: 22μg g g L A B W = 或π 82 g g g L A B W = (6-2) 由上式得吸引力: 2 2μg g A B F = （6-3） 式中，F —吸引力()N ，g B —气隙磁密( )2 m Wb ，g A —板面积()2 m ，0 μ—真空磁导率()m H 7 10 4-?π 2) 如果气隙较大, g B 不均匀，能量表达式由(3)得引力应为: π 82g g A B F = (6-4) 式中，F —吸引力() yn d ，g B —G ，g A —2 cm 。 为了计算方便，将上式化为： g g A B F 2 4965??? ? ??= （6-5） 式中，F —kgf ，g B —G ，g A —2 cm 。 dV B W g ???=0 2 21 μ （6-6） dV 为气隙体积元，积分在全部气隙中进行，如果1≠r μ时，0μ应改为0μ0r μ，此式由计
算机求出W ，再由 i q W ??求出i F 。 3） 也可不先求W ，直接按下式求出磁吸引力F ： ??? =s d p F （6-7） F ——作用于磁体上的磁吸引力； s ——包围该物体的任意表面； p ——作用于该表面上的应力； p 的表达式为： ()n B B B n p 20 0211μμ-?= （6-8） n ——沿积分表面s 法线方向的单位矢量； B ——磁感应强度矢量 4） 下面介绍05RC 与铁氧体之间的磁吸引力。 试验证明，在永磁体直径D 等于高度m L 时，吸引力最大。故假定1=≠D L m ，此时，气隙磁密g B 可用下列公式（注：此法由磁核积分法导出）。 ?????? ? ??????? ??? ??+- =2 11D L D L B B g g r g 在磁力试验中发现永磁体的C B H 也起作用，故将上式改为： ???? ?? ? ?????????? ??+- =2 11D L D L H B B g g C B r g (6-9) 例，求两个铁氧圆环之间的吸引力。两环的磁特性和几何尺寸为： G B r 3500= ， e C B O H 2250= ， cm d 0.5Φ＝外 ， cm d 2.3Φ＝内
Unit 3 Underthesea 基础知识默写篇 一、分层单词 写作词汇 1. vt.放弃;遗弃;抛弃 2. vt.当场见到;目击 n.目击者;证人;证据 3. vi.& n.暂停;中止 4. vt.拖;拉;扯 5. vi.逃避;逃跑 vt.逃离 6. n.住所;住宿 7. n.关系;血缘关系;交往 8. adj.好的;整齐的;匀称的 9. adj.生动的;鲜明的;鲜艳的 10. adj.纯的;纯粹的;纯洁的 11. prep.在……对面 adj.相对的;相反的 12. vt.催促;极力主张;驱策 13. vi.思考 vt.映射;反射;思考 14. adj.意识到的;知道的 阅读词汇 1.jog vi.&vt. 2.dive vi.& n. 3.suck vt.& vi. 4.conservation n. 5.target n. 6.boundary n.
7.pension n. 8.annual adj. & n. 9.narrow adj. 10.shallow adj. 11.steep adj. 12.awesome adj. 13.seaside n.&adj. 14.telescope n. 15.teamwork n. 16.dimension n. 拓展词汇 1. n.深(度);深处→adj.深的adv. 深深地 2. adj.好吃的;可口的→ n.味道;品位;鉴赏力v.尝;品尝;有……的味道 3. adj.意识到的;知道的→ n.意识;认识 4. vi.思考vt.反射;思考→ n.反射;思考 5. adj.锐利的;锋利的;敏捷的→v.(使)变得锋利 6. vt.催促;极力主张;驱策→ n.紧急;迫切;催促→adj.紧急的;迫切的;催促的 7. vt.恐吓 vi.受惊吓→adj.害怕的 二、高频短语 1. 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难 2. 对……知道、明白;意识到…… 3. 举起;阻碍 4. 整理;收拾 5. 在此期间;与此同时 6. 靠近 7. upside down 8. (be) scared to death 9. aim at
小学英语单词记忆法 作者：u899292/用户名：u899292 一、拼音式记忆法 如：数字“十”ten，可以联想成ten的拼音发音。男人们“men”汉语拼音便是men…… 二、谐音记忆法 1.单词读音谐音法 如：apple单词的汉语谐音是“阿婆”画图“一个阿婆手里拿着一个苹果”联想，看到图画联想到apple的读音，汉意。 2.字母音与汉字音相结合谐音记忆法 如颜色单词红色red，记住一句话，阿姨地里的苹果红了……这一句话，不仅让学生加深了三个字母r，e，d的粗读，还记住了这个单词的顺序，同时又记住了这个单词的汉意“红色”，这样一句话，可谓一石三鸟，在实际的教学中收到了良好的效果…… 三、形近串连记忆法 如tea茶叶，eat吃，teacher教师，meat肉，这些单词形近，老师吃茶吃肉，这样一句话，让学生一下子便记住了四个单词。Purple people紫色的人们，monday moon 星期一，月儿升…… 四、字母谐音及外形和故事结合记忆法 单词eleven “十一”很多同学记忆吃力，即便是当时记住了，可是很短时间又忘了,一种方法想忘记都难，三个阿姨（e）走娘家，（她的娘家门牌号是11.）第一个阿姨带去了一把勾子（l这个字母形状像勾），第二个阿姨呢，竟带去了一把剪刀（v像剪刀），第三个阿姨特别有意思，把自己的大门扛了去……想必是娘家的大门坏了…… 五、循环记忆法 这种方法是一个传统的记忆方法，也是来是们使用的做多的方法，人的大脑有一个特点，对某个信息反复刺激才能记住，例如，三年级的学生每天规定记忆的词汇量是五个单词，第二天记忆十个其中包括第一天的五个，第三天背十五个其中包括前两天的，照这样累计，这种方法也许对于孩子来说是枯燥无味的，但每个单词却都对大脑刺激无数次，从而记得比较牢。