专题五介词及介词短语
高考精萃
1．(2014·北京卷)Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves ________ half an hour.
2．(2014·天津卷)________ to the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.
3．(2014·重庆卷)She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went ________ the road.
4．(2014·福建卷)Our club is open to everyone regardless ________ age, sex or educational background.
5．(2014·浙江卷)While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything ________ .
6．(2014·浙江卷)Facing up to your problems ________ running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
7．(2014·陕西卷)The Scottish girl ________ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.
8．(2014·江西卷)It is unbelievable that Mr. Lucas leads a simple life ________ his great wealth.
9．(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)It was a real race ________ time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it.
10．(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)A serious study of physics is impossible ________ some knowledge of mathematics.
11．(2013·北京卷)I have an appointment ________ Dr. Smith, but
I need to change it.
12．(2013·山东卷)The Smiths are praised ________ the way they bring up their children.
13．(2013·浙江卷)It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner. __________the meanwhile, I'll set the table.
14．(2013·福建卷)Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always ________the way whenever she tries to.
15．(2013·辽宁卷)________behalf of everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.
16．(2013·江苏卷)I am always delighted when I receive an e-mail from you. ________regard to the party on July 1st I shall be pleased to attend.
17．(2013·湖北卷)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ________chance a long lost antique Greek vase.
18．(2013·陕西卷)The manager wants to see changes in the company, and I am sure he will ________time.
19．(2013·安徽卷)Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library ________ a book about it.
20．(2012·安徽卷)Y ou can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be ________life.
21．(2012·福建卷)China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ________the benefit of all its citizens.
22．(2012·浙江卷)________all the animals I've ever had，these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word.
23．(2012·浙江卷)Brown said he was by no means annoyed;
________ the contrary, he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.
24．(2012·陕西卷)An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are ________ it.
25．(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)This shop will be closed for repairs ________ further notice.
26．(2011·北京卷)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken ________ color.
27．(2011·上海卷)Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you ________ the tough years.
28．(2011·天津卷)He was a good student and scored ________ average in most subjects.
29．(2011·重庆卷)Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read ________ the library.
30．(2011·安徽卷)Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek ________ food safety problems.
31．(2011·江苏卷)We'd better discuss everything________detail before we work out the plan.
32．(2011·浙江卷)I always wanted to do the job ________ which I'd been trained.
33．(2011·湖北卷)When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside in favor ________ younger men.
34．(2010·江西卷)We give dogs time, space and love we can spare, and ________ return, dogs give us their all.
35．(2010·福建卷)More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities ________ lack of space.
答案与解析
1．in句意：简很着急，因为去飞机场的火车半小时后就发车了。“in＋一段时间”用于表示将来的句子中，意为：在……之后。
2．In addition to/Besides句意：除了学校以外，这个村庄还有一个诊所，它也是在政府的支持下建造的。
3．off句意：她在转弯处开得如此快，以至于车差点偏离公路。off 离开，偏离。
4．of句意：我们的俱乐部对所有人开放，不分年龄、性别和教育背景。regardless of 不管，不顾。
5．in句意：在村庄停留期间，James 无私地和村民分享他所拥有的一切，不要求任何回报。in return 作为回报。
6．rather than/instead of句意：面对你的问题而不是逃避它们才是解决问题的最好办法。rather than/instead of 而不是。
7．with句意：在第五届汉语演讲比赛中，那位有着一双蓝色眼睛的苏格兰姑娘获得了一等奖。with 表示“具有”。
8．despite/in spite of句意：令人难以置信的是，尽管很富有，Lucas 先生过着简朴的生活。despite/in spite of 尽管。
9．against句意：完成这项工程真的是在与时间赛跑。但幸运的是，我们成功了。against 在此处为“与……竞争”之意。
10．without句意：没有一定的数学知识，进行严肃的物理学研究是不可能的。without “没有”。
11．with句意：我和Smith 博士有一个约会，但是我需要改一下。have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约会、预约。
12．for句意：史密斯夫妇因为他们培养孩子的方式而受到赞扬。根据语境可知，此处表达夫妇二人受赞扬的原因，应该用介词for。
13．In句意：如果你能去商店买来我们晚餐所需要的东西，这将是一个巨大的帮助。同时，我将摆放餐具。in the meanwhile 同时。
14．in句意：史密斯太太觉得很难把杂乱的东西收拾好，因为无论她什么时候试图整理，她的孩子们总是碍手碍脚。in the way/in sb.'s way 妨碍。
15．On句意：我代表这儿的每一个人，祝你们的回国旅程愉快。on behalf of 为固定词组，意为“代表”。
16．With句意：我总是很高兴收到你的邮件。关于7月1日的聚会，我将乐意参加。with regard to 关于。
17．by句意：一位最近乘坐渡船到这个南部岛屿旅行的艺术家偶然发现了一个丢失已久的希腊古懂花瓶。by chance 偶然。
18．in句意：经理想看到公司的变化，我确信他迟早会看到的。in time 迟早。
19．for句意：在你参观一个名胜之前，要在你当地的图书馆找一本关于这个地方的书(了解一下)。look for 寻找。in your local library 是状语。
20．for句意：你可以找工作，可以搬家，但友谊却是受用终生的。for life 意为“一生，终生”。
21．for句意：为了所有公民的利益，中国一直在推行公立医院的改革。for the benefit of 为了……的利益。
22．Of句意：在所有我养过的动物中，这两只狗对语言最敏感。此处of 用来表示范围，意为“在……之中”。
23．on句意：布朗说他一点儿都不生气，正相反(on the contrary)，他很高兴能把自己的意思表达清楚。
24．against句意：达成一致意见看来是不可能了，因为大多数
委员会成员都对此表示反对(against)。
25．until句意：这家商店将停止维修，直到另行通知。until 后接名词时为介词，后接句子时为连词。
26．in句意：由于有了新技术，水下的山谷也可以被拍出彩色的照片。in color 意为“以彩色的形式呈现”。
27．through句意：毕业之际是一个向那些曾帮助你度过艰难岁月的人们表示感谢的好时机。through 为“度过”之意。
28．above句意：他是个好学生，而且大部分学科的成绩都高于平均分。above average 高于平均水平。根据a good student 可知应该是高于平均水平。
29．from句意：雪莉，一个真正爱读书的人，经常从图书馆带许多书回家读。
30．to句意：有时候，解决食品安全问题的恰当的办法并不难找到。answer 与to 连用，表示“……的答案/解决办法”。该句子中answers to food safety problems 被are not far to seek 分隔开。
31．in句意：在制订计划之前，我们最好详细讨论一下所有的事情。in detail 详细地。
32．for句意：我总想做曾为之受过培训的工作。将先行词代入定语从句后为：I had been trained (for) the job.“为……目的”需用介词for。
33．of句意：在被问到他们对校长的看法时，很多老师说他们更愿意看到他让贤于更年轻的人。句中的step aside 表示“让位，让开”，后面接介词短语in favor of 表示这些老师更赞成起用更年轻的人。
34．in句意：我们给予狗我们能匀出来的时间、空间和爱。作
为回报，狗给予我们它们的全部。in return 作为回报，作为报答。
35．for句意：因缺少空间，在大城市里，越来越多的高楼大厦拔地而起。for lack of 意为“因缺乏”。
模拟精选
1．(2014·河南开封第一次摸底)Three of the town's factories have closed down ________ the space of a year.
2．(2014·沈阳质量预测)We often hear children sing songs happily in the kindergarten ________ the street.
3．(2014·河北保定调研)—How smart you are in that suit!
—Can't you see I'm thinner? I've managed to lose my weight ________ 10 pounds.
4．(2014·重庆联合测试)Like golf, yoga is a recent arrival ________ China, and could be on its way to becoming a booming business.
5．(2014·北京东城统一检测)Mr. Carter will be the main speaker ________ the graduation ceremony.
6．(2014·河南洛阳统考)To our surprise, the price of oil rose ________ a further $2 a barrel.
7．(2014·安徽庆安二模)David was always ________ his best in any danger, but at that moment he froze.
8．(2014·浙江温州第一次适应性测试)Every teenager needs to experience a not-so-fun first job ________ working at a grocery store to a fast food restaurant.
9．(2014·陕西宝鸡质检二)Tom is one of the top students in our school and the scores he's got in each exam are always far ________ average.
10．(2014·郑州第一次质量预测)—What shall we prepare for our picnic this weekend?
—Well, let's discuss it ________ lunch.
11．(2014·昆明第一次调研)The dress is very nice, but not ________ the girl's taste, for she is somehow particular.
12．(2014·太原五中第一学期测试)—What do you think of Tom playing football?
—I don't think he is much ________ a good footballer.
13．(2014·北京东城3月联考)Math is ________ me. I can never get high grades.
14．(2014·山东青岛期中)The equipment for disabled people should be ________ easy reach in public places.
15．(2014·山东潍坊期中)Scientists are convinced of the positive effect of laughter ________ physical and mental health.
16．(2014·北京朝阳一模)In some countries, friends kiss ________ both cheeks when they say goodbye.
17．(2014·浙江宁波二模) Jack, what's your main reason for choosing one restaurant ________ another?
18．(2014·北京海淀下学期期中)The purpose of the article is to draw public attention ________ the problem.
19．(2014·天津和平二模)The accident was my fault, so I had to pay the damage ________ the other car.
20．(2014·福建厦门3月质检)Our province has recently launched a “Beautiful China, Refreshing Fujian” tourism promotion campaign, ________ its fresh air as the main selling point.
答案与解析
1．within句意：这个镇里的工厂有三家在一年的时间内就倒闭
了。within “在(某段时间)之内”，后加一段时间，符合句意。
2．across句意：我们经常可以听到街道另一边幼儿园的小朋友在快乐地唱歌。across 表示从某物的表面“横过”。
3．by由句中的“Can't you see I'm thinner？”可知，答话人和以前相比瘦了，因此填by。by＋数量词表示升降、增减的程度。
4．to句意：和高尔夫一样，瑜伽也是近年才出现在中国，它可能会成为一个蓬勃发展的行业。这里用介词to表示“对……来说”。
5．at句意：Carter 先生将作为毕业典礼上主要的发言人。at the graduation ceremony 意思是“在毕业典礼上”，为固定短语。
6．by句意：让我们惊讶的是，石油每桶又涨了两美元。表示上升或下降的幅度用介词by。
7．at句意：遇到任何危险大卫都会保持自己的最佳状态，但在那一刻他却愣住了。这里用介词短语at one's best 表示“(健康、情绪、才能、竞技等)处于最佳状态，处于全盛时期”。
8．from句意：每个青少年都需要经历第一份不太有趣的工作——从在杂货店工作到在快餐店工作。此处是from...to...“从……到……”结构。
9．above根据“Tom is one of the top students in our school”可知，汤姆在历次考试中的得分总是高于平均水平。above average “高于平均水平”。
10．over句意：——本周末的野餐我们准备些什么呢？——哦，我们吃午饭的时候商量一下吧。这里用介词over 表示“在……期间”。
11．to句意：这件裙子很漂亮，但是不符合这个女孩的口味，因为她有些挑剔。to one's taste “符合某人的口味”，为固定短语。
12．of此处表示“我认为他不是一个很好的足球运动员”，not be much of a(n)＋n.表示“算不上是……”，为固定搭配，符合语境，该句使用了否定转移。
13．beyond句意：数学对我来说很难。我从来都得不了高分。beyond “在……的那边；超过”。
14．within句意：在公共场所为残疾人提供的设备应便于触及。within reach “在够得着的范围”。
15．on句意：科学家们确信笑对人的身心健康有积极的影响。effect 后接on，意为“对……的影响”为固定搭配。
16．on句意：在一些国家，朋友告别的时候，在两边脸颊上亲吻。on 表示“在……表面”。
17．over句意：杰克，你选择一家饭店而不选择另一家的主要原因是什么？
18．to句意：这篇文章的目的是引起公众对这个问题的关注。draw attention to “引起注意”。
19．to句意：这次事故是我的错，所以我不得不赔偿另一辆车的损失。the damage to “对……的损失”，用介词to。
20．with with its fresh air as the main selling point 是with 复合结构。句意：我们省近来推出“美丽中国，清新福建”旅游推广活动，把清新的空气作为主要卖点。
创新预测
1．—What about the milk of this brand?
—It is at least as good as, if not superior ________，that of other brands.
2．The book is intended ________ foreigners who want to learn about the Chinese culture and history.
3．—I'm too busy to go to the bank to check whether she has put the money in my bank account.
—It's easy to check your bank account ________ the Internet.
4．—His painting won a big prize and was purchased by a museum last week.
—Yes. You know, he has a talent ________ painting.
5．Facing an aging population, Finland hopes to maintain economic growth by making people work ________ their retirement age.
6．Specific plans for emergencies, such as flooded underground projects, are still not ________ place although some cities have put forward plans to deal with swollen rivers.
7．A statue of Mr. Mandela was open to the public at the Union Buildings on December 16 ________ honour of him.
8．Our government has been claiming that people should be hired regardless ________ race, color, religion or sex.
9．The G20 was created in December 1999 ________ response to the financial crisis to promote open and constructive discussions between rich and developing countries.
10．Tom will deliver a speech at the graduation ceremony ______ behalf of our class.
11．He is ________ charge of the project which is beneficial ________ us.
12．To be free ________ the noise pollution, he moved to a quiet place in the countryside.
13．I'm short ________ money, so I'm afraid to be out ________ work.
14．The house ________ repair dates ________ 1950.
15．Mr Green went to work ________ usual ________ spite of the heavy rain.
16．I'm curious ________ the little cottage and went inside.
17．The man told us the accident ________ detail.
18．The boat was ________ the mercy of the storm but was spotted by a passing ship ________ accident.
19．He felt ________ ease ________ the sight of his son's safe return.
20．Much ________ my relief, my son got rid ________ his bad habits.
答案与解析
1．to be superior to 为固定词组，意为“比……好，优于……”。
2．for be intended for 意为“为……打算(设计)”，为固定搭配。
3．via via the Internet 通过(经由)因特网。
4．for have a talent for 意为“对……有天赋”，为固定搭配。
5．beyond beyond their retirement age 超过他们的退休年龄。此句意为：芬兰面临人口老龄化问题，希望通过让人们达到退休年龄之后继续工作来保持经济增长。
6．in句意：尽管一些城市已经提出了处理高涨河水的计划，但是诸如受淹的地下工程之类的应急具体计划还没有准备就绪。in place 在适当的位置，适当的，恰当的，准备就绪。
7．in句意：为了纪念曼德拉先生，在12月16日联合大厦前他
的雕像被揭幕了。in honour of 为了纪念。
8．of regardless of 意为“不管，不顾”。此处指政府要求在雇用人员时应该忽略他们的种族、肤色、宗教或性别。
9．in in response to 作为对……的回应。此处指“G20在1999年12月成立是为了应对金融危机”。
10．on on behalf of 代表。句意：汤姆将代表我们班在毕业典礼上作演讲。
11．in; to in charge of 负责；be beneficial to 对……有益。
12．from/of be free from/of 摆脱。
13．of; of be short of 缺少；out of work 失业。
14．under; from under repair 正在修理；date from 起始于。
15．as; in as usual 照常；in spite of 不管。
16．about be curious about 对……好奇。
17．in in detail 详细地。
18．at; by at the mercy of 任由……摆布；by accident 偶然。
19．at; at feel at ease 感到轻松；at the sight of 看见。
20．to; of to one's relief 令某人欣慰的是；get rid of 除掉。
高三英语专题复习教案 ------读写任务话题作文 设计者：李映珠 【教学目标】学生进一步熟悉读写任务指定话题写作特点和要求，掌握常用的写作模式和句型。消除对写作的恐惧心理，培养写作兴趣。 【教学重点】怎样写好指定话题写作 【教学难点】如何利用句型结构组织语言 【教学方法】讲练结合，精讲多练，引导学生体会与模仿。 【教学步骤】 Step 1 Discussion (what to write). What aspects will we mention when talking about environmental protection? global warming, littering, water pollution, air pollution, CO2, sea level to rise, human activities, suggestions, environmental friendly, etc. Step 2 Classification. Help the students classify the aspects mentioned above about environmental protection: a problem/ phenomenon, reasons/ effects or measures. Step 3 Organizing the information into sentences for each classification (how to write). 1．Discussion: how to put forward a problem/ phenomenon 2．Summary: (句子模板) ◆Recently, _________________________ has always aroused the greatest concern. ◆In recent days, we have to face the problem that __________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 3．Practice: (仿写) 1)全球变暖。 Recently, global warming has always aroused the greatest concern. 2)作弊问题越来越严重。 In recent days, we have to face the problem that cheating is more and more serious. 4．Discussion: how to analyze the reasons/ effects 5．Summary: (句子模板) ◆The ____________ for / of ___________can be listed as follows. On one hand, ________________.On the other hand, __________________.
高三英语专项训练----语法填空 （1）(Topic: ) Once there lived a rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out 16 _______ they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town，he placed 17 ___ very large stone. Then he 18____ (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, 19____ he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way.20 ______ man came along and did the same thing; then another came，and another. All of them complained about the stone but did not tried to remove 21______. Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 22 _______ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark. Some neighbors will come along later 23 _____ the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 24 ________ (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 25 ________ the stone，he found a bag of money. （2）(Topic: ) The best gift I ever received is the parents that were given to me. I could not have picked out 16 _______ (good) parents myself. My mom is smart，funny，and very artistic. She loves painting and encouraging other people to paint as well. She owns 17______ own book and art store. And at night she teaches adult 18 ________ (educate). She helps kids 19 _________ have dropped out of high school 20 _________ (get) their diploma. She always has time for me and my brothers. She hardly ever gets mad 21 ______ us and loves doing new things with us，22 _____ going to a new museum or going out onto the beach in the middle of the winter and taking pictures at the beach in the snow. My dad knows 23 _____ to fix anything and loves to play musical instruments. He helps me with my science projects and other school projects. He works hard to make money for our family and hardly ever complains. He loves skating with me and 24______ (build) us a half pipe and other cool things. So I have to say that 25 _______ gift I’m most grateful for is the one the God gave me—my parents. （3）(Topic: ) Sometimes Chinese English teachers are puzzled by such questions，“Have you got any skills in reading comprehension?” Actually，many of the teachers can’t give students 16 ___ efficient way to deal with reading. Anyway，17 _____ often simply say，“Read more and practise more，and you 18 ______ (get) more experience in reading comprehension.” Frankly, these teachers’ good 19_________ (suggest) are only helpful to arouse students’ interest in reading 20 ____ not helpful to deal wit h the questions in the examinations of reading comprehension. Personally，I think the skill for reading comprehension should be based 21 ______ the knowledge of English writing. Since the English passages are written under some rules or principles，the science of reading 22 ______understanding may have a close relationship with writing.
(A ) A coal-fire stove(炉灶)provided heating for Zhao Yaoqin's courtyard bungalow in a Beijing hutong all her life. This winter, however, the stove has disappeared from the 66-year-old's life, and an electric radiator takes its place beside her bed, a product of a government to use clean energy in the national capital. With the Olympics to be staged in Beijing next August, the city is determined to eliminate the use of coal within the Third Ring Road that circles the city before the Games. The project to replace the stoves with electric radiators has been part of the effort. When the city's four-month long heating season started on Thursday, coal-fired stoves, known as a big source of pollution in the big city, have disappeared from some 20,000 local households like Zhao's bungalow in the inner city "hutong" -- traditional alleyways(小巷) that date back centuries. "We used to boil water or bake bread on the stove," said Zhao, sounding sentimental(伤感) to the disappearance of the coal furnace from her life. Late in the 1990s, Beijing's air quality monitoring office found that the emissions(排放) of sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide from the hutong areas have been higher than the city's average in winter, mainly because of the coal stoves. With the project to switch to clean energy for heating launched in 1999, the emission level of the two poisonous substances decreased by 42 percent and 44 percent, respectively, this year from 2001 levels. Zhao said the fee for electrical heat for the entire winter was usually around 2,400 yuan (US$323) per household. With the government's subsidy（补贴）, however, she only needed to pay about 500 yuan, nearly the same price as that for coal. 1．Zhao Yaoqin’ example in the passage is to tell us that_______. A.people in Beijing using electric radiators to welcome the Olympics. B.people in Beijing are doing something to protect the environment. C.hutongs in Beijing have a long history. D.People pay more money to use electric radiators than before. 2. The underlined word eliminate probably means________ A. cut down. B. increase. C. get rid of. D. replace 3. We can infer from the passage that ______ A. Zhao Yaoqin has a strong and deep emotion with the use of coal-fire stove. B. The government will pay most of the fee. C. The air of Beijing has been badly polluted since 1990s. D. The people do not use coal eight months in one year. 4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. The clean air is important when the Olympics Games is held in Beijing. B. The success of the Olympics Games depends on the clean air. C. The government spare no effort to make the environment better. D. The emission level of poisonous substances will be low in 2008.
高三英语专题复习（二）时态语态 1.He doesn’t sing well but he ________________to sing happily. ( hear ) 虽然他的歌唱的并不好，但你会经常听见他快乐地唱歌。 2 We are glad that his plan ________________________.( turn ) .我们高兴地得知他的计划终于成功了。 3.Do you think that housing prices_____________________ in the years to come? （keep）你认为在未来几年中房价会持续上涨吗？ 4.This book _______________________ on the desk for a week. （lie） 这本书已经在桌子上放了一个星期了。 5.It is the most instructive lecture that _________________since I came to this school. (attend) 自从我来了学校以后，这是我听过的最有教育意义的一场讲座。 6.We have been discussing the problem but we ________________yet. 即使我们一直在讨论这个问题，但到当前为止我们还没有达成结论。( draw ) 7.They said __________________ yesterday. (check) 他们说昨天他们全部检查过了 8.He _______________________ that he wouldn’t go with us. （make） 他已经说得很清楚了，他不会和我们一起去的。 9.Students ____________________ at any place. （allow） 任何地方都不允许学生抽烟。 10.He is said___________________ when he was in the United States. 据说在美国期间，他一直呆在纽约。（stay） 11. It seemed that they ___________________from the outside after they moved into the forest. （cut）看起来自他们搬进森林后就一直与外界隔离了。 12.They _____________________ what happened here, though they were abroad. （inform）即使在国外，但他们一直让自己了解这儿发生的一切。
一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 "What kind of rubbish are you?" This question might normally cause anger, but in Shanghai it was brought about weary complaints over the past few months. On July 1st, the city introduced strict rubbish-sorting regulations that are expected to be used as a model for our country. Citizens must divide their waste into four separate categories and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure that rules are obeyed and to examine the nature of one's rubbish. Violators could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan ($29). For repeat violators, the city can add black marks to their credit records, making it harder for them to obtain hank loans or even buy train tickets. Shanghai authorities are responding to obvious environmental problem. It produces 9 million tons of garbage a year. But like other cities in china, it lacks a recycling system. Instead, it has relied on rubbish pickers to pick out whatever can be reused. This has limits. As people get wealthier, fewer of them want to do such dirty work. The waste, meanwhile, just keeps piling up. China produces 80 billion pairs of one-off chopsticks a year. Many citizens appear to support the idea of recycling in general but are frustrated by the details. Rubbish must be divided according to whether it is food, recyclable, dry or hazardous(有害的), the distinctions among which can be confusing, though there are apps to help work it out. Some have complained about the rules surrounding food waste. They must put it straight in the required public bin, forcing them to tear open plastic bags and toss(投掷）it by hand, Most annoying are the short periods for throwing trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening. Along with the monitors at the bins, this means that people go at around the same time and can keep an eye on what is being thrown out; no one wants to look bad. （1）What's the purpose of Paragraph 1? A. To complain about rubbish dividing. B. To explain the four categories of the waste. C. To introduce the rules on waste sorting. D. To show the goal of rubbish, sorting regulations. （2）What does the underlined word "Violators" in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. People who don't pay for train tickets. B. People who argue with the monitors. C. People who obtain bank loans. D. People who are against the regulations. （3）What makes the citizens upset most about the rules? A. Complex distinction among the four categories of rubbish. B. Short scheduled time for tossing rubbish. C. Being observed by monitors when throwing the garbage. D. Being fined when blamed due to improper behavior. （4）What can be the best title for the text? A. A Restart of Waste-sorting B. A New Age of Garbage Classification
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如： the earth, the moon, the sun. 5、用在序数词和形容词最高级前。（副词最高级前的定冠词可省略）如： He is always the first to come to school. Bob is the tallest in his class. 6、用在某些专有名词前（由普通名词构成的专用名词）。如： the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Science Museum, the Children’s Palace, the Party等。 7、用在一些习惯用语中。如： on the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next year, by the way等。 8、用在江河湖海、山脉前。如： the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean, the Alps, the Himalayas 9、用在报刊、杂志前。如： the People’s Daily, the Evening Paper, the Times 泰晤士报。 10、表示某一家人要加定冠词。如： The Browns are at home to receive visitors today. 布朗一家今天要接待客人。 11、用在形容词前，表某一类人。如： the poor, the wounded, the living, the dead, the rich, the sick等。 12、定冠词可以表示一事物内部的某处。如： The driver always sits in the front of the bus(car). 三、零冠词（即不用冠词）： 1、专用名词和不可数名词前。如： China, America, Grade One, Class Two, milk, oil, water, paper, science等。 2、名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, any等代词。如： Go down this street. 3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。如： We are students.
（英语）高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 The setting was a packed gymnasium just before the start of a game against another school. There were five girls who were members of the Danville High School basketball team—all of them starters. They were not in uniform to play that night and would not be on the team for the rest of this season. They were there to admit their breaking of team rules. They were there to support their coach's decision to take them off the team. They were there to let the town know there was a problem in their little community that needed to be addressed. And they did it with sincere regret rather than defensiveness. While the school had been out for the New Year's holiday, the five girls had gone to the party with several of their friends. There was alcohol there. And they all drank some. Coach Rainville has a zero tolerance rule on drugs and alcohol for her members though it was a hard decision to make. When classes resumed and accounts of holiday parties were shared, rumors about the five girls began closing in on them. The coach said she couldn't back down on her rules. And the players—two junior students and three senior students—agreed. That night in the gym was part of their public support of the coach's decision. “We hope you will understand that we are not bad kids. What we did was definitely not worth it. We hope this event will make everyone realize that there is a big drug and alcohol problem in our community,” one of the senior students said, “And if you work with us to try to solve this problem, you will help us feel that we have not been thrown off our basketball team for nothing.” The five left the floor to deafening applause. The team may not win another game this year. But they've learnt something about personal responsibility, the effect of one's action on others, and honesty that will serve them well throughout life. （1）It can be inferred from the passage that the five girls who were kicked off the team were ________. A. very good players on the team B. addicted to alcohol and drugs C. three junior students and two senior students D. scolded by their parents for drinking alcohol （2）What did the girls do to support their coach's decision? A. They didn't fight for Danville High School any more. B. They all gave speeches to apologize in the local press. C. They admitted their mistake in public in the gymnasium. D. They would never drink any alcohol throughout their life. （3）Which word best describes the coach Rainville? A. Indifferent. B. Strict. C. Stubborn. D. Cruel. （4）Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Growing up with pain B. A bad mistake C. Team rules are everything D. Basketball girls in high school 【答案】（1）A
2011届高三英语专题复习阅读理解练习（3） A Imagine a boy from a small village in East Africa, He from a very early age has been looking after cattle. At twelve years old he knows mote about cattle than most of you. However, he has never been to school. Has dais boy ever had any education? Education is discovering about ourselves and about the people and things around us. All the people who care about us —our parents, brothers , sisters, friends —are our teachers. In fact, we learn something from everyone we meet. We start learning on the day we are born, not on the first day" we go to school . Every day we have new experiences, like finding a bird's nest, discovering a new street in our neighborhood, making friends with someone we didn't like before. New experiences are even more fun when we share them with other people. Encouragement from the people around us enables us to explore things as much as possible. As we grow up, we begin to find out what we are capable of doing. You may be good at cooking, or singing or playing football. You find this out by doing these things. Just thinking about cooking doesn't tell you if you are good at it. We learn so much just living from day to day. So why is school important? Of course you can learn some things better at home than at school, like how to do the shopping, and how to help old or disabled people who can' t do everything for themselves. At school, teachers help us to read and write. With their guidance, we begin to see things in different ways. 1. The writer takes the African boy as an example to show that _______. A. African children are very poor B. some children are unlucky C. education takes many ways D. schools are of great importance 2. In the eyes of the writer . A. we have to learn from the people around us B. school is not important at all C. only the people caring for us can teach us D. education takes place everywhere 3. One can find out what lie is good at by _ . A. the encouragement of people around B. the teachings of those lie or she meets C. thinking of it when growing up D. trying mid practicing it 4. How the writer looks at the role of school is that . A. school is not so important as our living places B. school enables us to understand the world in other ways C. school teaches us something useless at home D. school cannot prepare us for our daily lives 5. The passage tells us that _ . A. everyone gets education from the day lie or she is born