表语从句讲解及专项练习
概念：表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句。放在系动词之后 ,一般结构是“主语 +系动词 +表语从句”可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem 等。
可以接表语从句的系动词有：
1： be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were）
2: feel , seem , look, appear ,sound, taste , smell
3: stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay
4: become ,get , grow , turn ,go ,come, run, fall
5: prove, turn out
The trouble is that we are short of money. 困难是我们资金短缺。
That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields. 这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。
At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow. 当时 ,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。引导表语从句的词：
从属连词 that、 whether、 as though、 as if （ That 引导表语从句时，在口语中，间或可以省略。）关系代词 who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 等；
关系副词 when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever 等。
由从属连词 that， whether 引导的表语从句。
that 在引导表语从句时无词义，而 whether 有词义，意为、“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question （问
题），trouble（麻烦），problem（问题）， result（结果），chance（可能性），suggestion（建议），idea（想法），reason（理由）等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化。例如：The trouble is （that） she has lost his money. 麻烦的事是他丢了钱。
The question is whether we need more ice cream. 问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。
The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use. 问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了。
What she couldn ' t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lesson我s.们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣。
由关系代词引导的表语从句。
关系代词 who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，关系代词不能省略。例如：The question is which of us should go. 问题是我们哪一个应该去。
The problem was who could do the work. 问题是谁能做这项工作。
That's what he is worrying about. 那就是他在担心的事。 That's what we should do. 那是我们应该做的。由关系副词引导的表语从句。
关系副词 when, where, how, why 除在句子起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间，地点，方式或原因状语，本身具有词义。例如： Go and get your coat. It's where you left it. 去把雨衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。
I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That why I g ot we't thsr ough. 我们既没伞也没雨衣，这是我们淋湿的原因。
That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year. 那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的。
That is what he is worried about. 那就是他所担心的。
由连词 because， as if/as though 等引导的表语从句。
It looked as if it was going to snow. 看起来好像要下雪了。
That's because we never thought of it. 这是因为我们从未想过此事。
It seems as if he didn ' t know th好e 像an他sw不er知. 道答案。
A.表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
B.不可以用 if ，而用 whether 连接表语从句（as if 例外）。引导宾语从句时可以互换 if/whether 位于介词后要用 whether 位于句首时要用 whether 。引导表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句时要用whether 。
False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.
C.不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。
Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.
D.that 在表语从句中不可以省掉。
基本用法
表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是联系动词。名词性从句在be 等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句
例如： The problem is how we can get the things we need.
问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。（how 在表语从句中充当方式状语）
The scissors are not what I need. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的。（what 在表语从句中充当宾语）
What I told him was that I would find him a good play. 我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。（what 在主语从句中作直接宾语， that 作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分，不能省略）
That is what I want to tell you. 那就是我想要对你讲的。（what 在表语从句中充当直接宾语）
That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原因。（why 在表语从句中充当原因状语）
What I told him was that I would find him a good play. 我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。（what 在主语从句中作直接宾语， that 作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分，不能省略）
That is what I want to tell you. 那就是我想要对你讲的。（what 在表语从句中充当直接宾语）
That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原因。（why 在表语从句中充当原因状语）
“That is why... ”是常用句型，意为“这就是 ,, 的原因/因此 ,, ”，其中 why 引导的名词性从句在句中作表语，该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结，又如：
That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne. 珍妮，这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。（前文提到 Jeanne 对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异，说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后，用这一句来进行概括）。That is why I came. 这就是我来的原因。
下面是两个与“ That is why... ”形式相似的结构，它们与“ That is why... ”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚：
（1）“ That is why... ”与“ That is the reason why... ”同义，只不过从语法结构上讲，“That is the reason why... ”中 why 引导的是—个定语从句，将其中的 the reason去掉则与“ That is why... ”结构一样，例如：
That is （the reason） why I cannot agree. 这就是我不能同意的理由。
（2）“ That is because...”句型中从属连词 because引导的名词性从句在此作表语，这也是个常用句型，意为“这就是为什么,, /因为,, ”。“ That is because...”与“ That is why... ”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由，“ That is why... ” 则指由于各种原因所造成的后果，例如：He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework. 昨天晚上他没有去看电影，那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。（第一句话说明结果，第二句话说明原因）
He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night. 他以前曾看过那部电影，因此他昨天晚上没有去看。（第一句话说明原因，第二句话说明结果）
表语从句与宾语从句的关系宾语从句和表语从句都属于名词性从句。其作用跟名词在句中的作用相同。故充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句，充当表语
的句子叫表语从句。
宾语从句
①语序 : 从句的语序必须是陈述句语序 , 即“主语 + 谓语”这种形式。
②时态 : 当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候 , 从句可以是任何时态 , 而当主句是一般过去时的时候 , 从句 , 从句时态必须是过去时范围的时态 , 即（一般过去时 , 过去进行时 , 过去完成时 , 过去将来时）。
③连接词 : 当从句意思完整 , 主句意思肯定时 , 连接词用 that, 且可以省去 , 当从句意思完整 , 主句意思不确定或含否定含意时 , 常用 if 或 whether（是否）, 当从句意思不完整时 , 连接词则是代替不完整部分的特殊疑问词。
表语从句在句子中起表语作用的从句叫做表语从句，位于主句系动词的后面。表语从句的引导词和主语从句的引导词相同。也
是名词性从句的一种。
如： What the police want to know is when you entered red the room 警察想知道的是你什么时候进的房间。
The trouble is that we are short of funds 困难是我们缺乏资金。
注意：从句中的疑问句用正常语序，即陈述语序。 as if, as though, because 也可用来引导表语从句。 She seems as if she had done a great thing 她看起来好像做了一件大事。 It is because you eat too much 是因为你吃得太多了。 单项选择
1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week. A. that B. if C. when D. whether
2． The reason why he failed is he was too careless. A. because B. that _________________________ C. for D. because of
3. Go and get your coat. It ' s _____ youA .l ewfth ietre B. there C. there where D. where there
4． The problem is __ to take the place of Ted
15. America was _____ was first called A. what B. where C. the place D.
there where
16. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer .
A. what it used to be
B. what it was used to being
C. what it used to being
D. what it was used to be
17. _____ he really means is __ h e disagrees with us.
18. The energy is __ makes the cells able to do their work. A. that B. which C. what D. such 19 — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. —Is that you had a few days off ？
A. why B .what C. when D. where
20 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella I got wet through.
A. It ' s the reasoBn. That ' s whyC . There ' s why D. It ' s how
21. See the flags on top of the building? That was we did this morning. A. when B. which _________________ C . where D. what
22. --- Are you still thinking a bout yesterday 's gam---eO? h, that 's .
A. what makes me feel excited
B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it
D. when I feel excited
23. What surprised me was not what he said but he said it.
A. the way
B. in the way that
C. in the way
D. the way which
句子翻译
1. ________________________________________________________________________________ 这就是我想做的 ______________________________________________________________________________
This is what we should do 这是我们应当做的。 A. who can we get B. what we can get C. who we can get D. that we can get
5. What I want to know is h e likes the gift given by us. A. that B. if C. whether D. 不填
6. _______________ The reason is I missed the bus. A. that
B. when
C. why
D. what 7. That is __ ___ we were late last time. A. that B. when 8. ______________ She looked she were ten years younger. A. that B. like 9. ____________________ — I fell sick!--I think it is ______________________ you are doing too much. A. C. why D. what
C. as
D. as though
B. when
C. what
D.
because
ll s being i C. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill 11. — He was born here.-- That is he likes the place so much. A. that B. what C. why D. how 12.That is _ Lu Xun once lived. A. what B. where C . that
13． ____ your father wants to know is getting on with your studies. A. What; how are you B. That ； how you are C. How ； that you are D. why D. What ； how you are 14. The trouble is ___ we are short of tools.
A. what
B. that
C. how
D. why that India ” by Columbus.
A. What ? that
B. That ? what
C. What ? what
D. That ? what
2.__________________________________________________________________________________ 这房子正是他最需要的东西。_____________________________________________________________________
3.这就是 Henry 怎样解决问题的_______________________________________________________________
4.__________________________________________________________________________________ 问题是谁能完成这项困难的任务___________________________________________________________________
5.__________________________________________________________________________________ 今天讨论的话题是未来的学校会是怎样的___________________________________________________________
6.__________________________________________________________________________________ 他迟到的原因是交通拥堵 . _______________________________________________________________________
8. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ________________________ . (disagree)
你一直说每个人应该是平等的这就是我不同意之处。
9.Your coat is still ___________________________________ . (where) 你的外套仍然在你放的地方。
10.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That is ______________________ through. (get) 我既没有
雨衣也没有雨伞。这就是为什么我全身被淋湿的原因。
11.It sounds ____________________________________________ the door.(as if) 听起来好像某人正在敲门。
12.It seems ________________________ interested in Henry. (become) 好像伦敦所有人都变得对亨瑞感兴趣。
13.___________________________________________________________________ The last time we had great fun was ___________________________________________________________ the Water
Park.(visit)
上一次我们玩得很开心的时候是我们正在参观水族公园的时候。
that/what 的区别
1．____ y our father wants to know is getting on with your studies.
D. What ； how you are
A. What; how are you
B. That ；how you are
C. How ； that you are
2. The trouble is ___ we are short of tools. A. what B. that C. how
3. America was _____ was first called “ India by ” Columbus. A. what B. where
4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer .
A. what it used to be
B. what it was used to being
C. what it
used to being
5. ____ he really means is _ he disagrees with us.
A. What ? that
B. That ? what
C. What ? what
D. That ? what
6. The energy is __ makes the cells able to do their work. A. that B. which C. what D. such
系动词分类： 一、根据系动词后所跟结构，我们可以把英语系动词分为两大类：完全系动词(其后只能跟表语的动词，如 be, seem) 和半系动词(其后既可跟表语作系动词用法，也可跟宾语或状语作实义动词用，如 look ) 例如： 1) He looked sadly at the boy.( “看着”，实义动词用法 ) He looks a clever boy . (“看起来”，系动词用法)
2) He looks at a clever boy. (“看着”，实义动词用法)
在英语中，某一动词是多义词，既有实义动词用法，又有系
动词用法。 二、根据系动词的意义，我们把英语系动词分为
四类：
A ．五大感官系动词
B ．状态系动词
C ．动态系动词
D ．双
谓语系动词 A ．五大感官系动词，描述一种感官性质。 由实
义感官动词变化而来，都是半系动词。
1． look “看起来像是” ，后接 adj.、 n.、分词、介词短语、不定式等。
The girl bit her lips and looked thoughtful. 这位女孩咬着嘴唇，看上去若有所思。
2． smell “闻起来”，后接 adj.分词。 The flowers smell sweet. 这些花气味真香。
3． sound “听起来”，后接 分词。 The music sounds sweet.这首诗听起来真悦耳。
4． taste “尝起来” ，后接 分词。 The apples taste very good. 这些苹果很好吃。
5．Feel ①“摸起来，给??感觉” ；②“觉得” ，后接 adj./p.p.
You will feel better after a night ' s sleep. 睡上一晚，你会觉得好些。
B ．状态系动词：
1． be ，“是”，属完全系动词。 I am a student. 我是一个学生。
2． seem,“似乎，好像” ，完全系动词。 They seem quite happy. 他们似乎很快乐。
3． appear,“显得，看起来好像” ，半系动词。 It appeared(to be)a true story.看来这是一个真实的故事。
4． keep, “保持??的状态” ，半系动词，后接 adj 或介词短语。 You'd better go to bed and keep warm. 你最好躺在 床上去暖和一下。
5． remain,“仍是”，半系动词。 I remained silent. 我仍然缄默。
6． stay “保持(某种状态) ”，半系动词，后接 adj.、过去分词。 The window stayed open all the night.
7. prove “证明是” ，半系动词，后接 adj.\n.
The treatment proved to be successful. 这种疗法证明是成功的。
C ．动态系动词：都属于半系动词，描述状态变化过程。
1． get “变成，变得??起来” ，后可接形容词、分词、介词短语。
The days are getting longer and longer. 白天变得越来越长了。
2． fall “进入(某种状态) ，成为”，后常接以下形容词： asleep, lame, silent, ill, sick, flat. The old men, unable to express himself, fell silent. 那位老人说不清自己的意思，就不做声了。 My father fell ill and died. 我的父亲生病死了。 3． grow “渐渐变得??起来，长得”
It ' s growing warm. 天气渐渐暖和起来了。
4． turn “转变成（新的与原来完全不同的色彩或性质） ，变质（色） ”。
Maple trees turn red in autumn. 枫叶在秋天变红了。
It was cloudy this morning, but fortunately it has turned fine. 今天早上是阴天，幸好已经转晴了。
D. why that
C. the place
D. there where
新高一衔接班 第二课时定语从句【Atrributive Clause 】 Part one 导入 先听一首歌‘season in the sunshine, 这是为了纪念好友离世的歌曲，很温暖的曲 调 We had joy,we had fun,we had seasons in the sun,but the hills that we climbed were just seasons out of time. 我们曾一起欢乐，我们曾一起嬉戏，我们曾拥有 的阳光中的四季，但是我们一起爬过的山已随四季流去。 好，言归正传，今天我们讲定语从句，你们初中已经学习过，但是我之前讲过高中的语法会比 初中难度增加。为了配合大家的节奏，我由简单到复杂。什么是定语从句？刚那句歌词就是定 语从句。 再看：June 是老师—June 是英语老师—June 是漂亮幽默的英语老师 你们敢说不对？ 再看一句：这是一只狗---- 这是一只受伤的狗--- 这是一只左腿受伤的狗 继续继续：这房子很漂亮The house is very beautiful. Lily 买的房子很漂亮The house which bought by Lily is very beautiful. Lily 去年在米易买的房子很漂亮The house which bought by Lily last year in MY is very beautiful The boy is Luhan The boy who is dacing is Luhan 唱小芳，谁会？： 村里有个姑娘叫小芳，长得好看又善良 There is a beautiful and kind girl whose name is Xiao Fang in the village 遥远的东方有一条龙，它的名字叫中国 In the far East, thers is a dragon whose name is China. 遥远的东方有一条河，它的名字叫黄河? 所以概念出来啦 一．定语从句及相关概念 定语就是修饰限定名词或代词的词语 定语从句（Attributive Clauses ）就是复合句中具有修饰限定名词或者代词的句子，在整个 句中做定语。 被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出，关系词就是连接主句和从句的词语。 我们去我们之前的句子中找先行词和关系词！ 再看看几个句子。走向复杂化 Is there anything that you（主）don't understand （谓）about the problem? 先行词关系代词(指代anything ）定语从句（修饰anything ，意思为“关于 这个问题，你不明白的东西”） Life is like a long race where we （主）compete with （谓）others （宾）to go beyond ourselves ）定语从句（修饰 a long race ，先行词关系副词(指代“介词+a long race ” ） 意思为“在这个长跑中，我们不断超越自己去竞争。”
高一英语定语从句教案 一、基本概念 1. 定语从句： 修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2. 先行词： 被定语从句修饰的名词 3. 关系词： 引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as；关系副词有where, when, why。关系词常有3个作用：1）引导定语从句。2）代替先行词。3）在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二、关系代词和关系副词的意义及用法 指人：who, that,(指人常用who,不常用that) 主语 指物：which, that 指人：whom, who, that（who常用在在非正式和口语体中） 宾语(关系代词作宾语时常可省略) 关系代词指物：which, that 定语：whose （whose + n.=of which + n. ） 关系词 时间：when 关系副词----状语地点：where = 介词+ which 原因：why 解题技巧：关键看从句缺何种成分 三、例句练习讲解 1.Yesterday I helped an old man ＿lost his way.昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 2.The man ＿you met just now is my friend. 你刚才见到的那个人是我的朋友。 3.This is the pen ＿he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的笔。 4.He has a friend ＿father is a doctor. 他有个父亲是医生的朋友。 注意：whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替，例： 门坏了的那间教室很快就会被修好。 The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. 你喜欢那本封面是黄色的书吗？ Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 5.I still remember the day ＿I first came to this school.我仍然记得第一次来到这学校 的那一天。 6.Shanghai is the city ＿I was born. 上海市我出生的地方。 7.Please tell me the reason ＿you missed the plane. 请告诉我你错过航班的原因。 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+which”引导的从句替换 8.易错题：This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起而做错题。
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
表语从句讲解及专项练习概念：表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句。 放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句” 可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。 ★ The trouble is that we are short of money.困难是我们资金短缺。 ★ That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。 ★ At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。 引导表语从句的词： 从属连词that、whether、as though、 as if（That引导表语从句时，在口语中，间或可以省略。） 关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等； 关系副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。 ※ 由从属连词that，whether引导的表语从句。 that在引导表语从句时无词义，而whether有词义，意为、“是否”。这时主句的
主语常常是些抽象名词，如question(问题)，trouble(麻烦)，problem(问题)，result(结果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建议)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化。 例如： ★ The trouble is (that) she has lost his money. 麻烦的事是他丢了钱。 ★ The question is whether we need more ice cream.问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。 ★ The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了。 ★ What she couldn’t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. 我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣。 ※ 由关系代词引导的表语从句。 关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，关系代词不能省略。 例如： ★ The question is which of us should go.问题是我们哪一个应该去。 ★ The problem was who could do the work.问题是谁能做这项工作。
定语从句 一、基本概念： 定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week （二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born
(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
高一英语定语从句讲解 精华版 HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】
定语从句 一、基本概念：定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week
（二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born (三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts.
定语从句 定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。 例如 a clever boy the boiling water fallen leaves ?The boy in the classroom needs a pen. ?The man standing there is my teacher. 定语从句：一个句子充当定语 The boy who is reading needs the pen. 单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。 短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。 Ⅰ. 概念： (1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词后面。 (2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。 (3) 关系词：引导定语从句的词，并代替先行词在从句中担任一定的成分。分为关系代词和关系副词。 (4) 定语从句基本构成：先行词+关系词+从句 A) 关系词的作用： 1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词； 2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语） 1.The student who answered the question was John. 2. I know the reason why he was so angry. 3. The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother. 4. I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
定语从句讲解 1．定语从句：复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase which was very reasonable. Those who work hard will make progress. 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 1）关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有 when, where, why等。 2）关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句, who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句， 修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用 who 来代替，也可省略。但直接介词后只用whom,不可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. The man to whom you talked just now is my old friend.（whom不可省略） 3．which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。或在非限制定语从句中代替整个主句。Football is a game which is liked by most boys. This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. He failed the exam again ,which made his father angry. 4．that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. Where is the man (that / whom) I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？ Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia. 5．whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。 I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替： We live in a house,__________ windows face the sea. We live in a house,___________ the windows face the sea. We live in a house, the windows__________ face the sea We live in a beautiful house, and the windows _________ face the sea Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?=_____________________=_________________ （三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。 The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous. =The school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。 This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday. =This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday. 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。 The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions. =The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions. 注意：１．含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：
定义 表语从句定义：在一个复合句中，从句作的是主语的表语成分。 A The problem is puzzling. 这个问题令人困惑 主语,连系动词,形容词作表语 The problem is when we can get a pay rise. 问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪. 主语连系动词一个句子作表语---表语从句 B 连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why,whether,how.whoever，whomever，whichever ，whatever等 He has become a teacher. 他已经成为一名教师。 He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago. 他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。 She has remained there for an hour. 她曾在那里停留了一个小时。 She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour. 她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一个小时。 His suggestion is good. 他的建议是好的。 His suggestion is that we should stay calm. 他的建议是，我们应该保持冷静。 The question is confusing. 这个问题令人困惑. The question is when he can arrive at the hotel. 问题是，他什么时候可以到达酒店。 Who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.谁与我明天将前往北京。 Why he cried yesterday. 昨天他为什么哭。 How I can persuade her to join us in the party. 我怎么能说服她加入我们的派对。 Whether the enemy is marching towards us. 是否敌人正向我们行进. 注意 A 表语从句一定要用陈述语序。 False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel. Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel. B 不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。 引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether 位于介词后要用whether
定语从句练习题 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him 19.I don't like ______ as you read. A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. whom D. what 21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing. A. which B. that C. whom D. who 22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women. A. them B. which C. whom D. who 23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it. A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who 24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now. A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that https://www.doczj.com/doc/da15997993.html,st summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world. A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what 26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV. A. that B. which C. as D. it
主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词that，whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which,连接副词：when, where, how, why, wh- ever 名词性从句连接词的选用 一、that 和what的选用： that 和what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。 二、if 和whether 的选用 不能使用if 的情况： a. 主语从句句首 b. 表语从句，同位语从句 c. if引起歧义 d. 介词后的宾语从句 e. 与to do连用 f .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if 三、其它连接代词和副词的连用 主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。 四、引导词that 的省略 that 可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的that可省略 that不可省略的情况：a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句d.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句e.并列的宾语从句中，后几个从句的引导词that 不能省略 五、同位语从句的引导和辨别 1.同位语从句的格式：n.+ 连接词+ 从句 2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belief, suggestion, advice等. 3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用whether, what, when, where 等来引导同位语从句. 4.中心词是“意见、建议、命令”从句要用虚拟（should）do 六、同位语从句和定语从句的区别 1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语。从句中that充当成分，做宾语时可省略。 2.同位语从句表明中心词的具体内容。that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略. 判断从句类型 七、宾语从句的时态呼应 1. 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态. 2. 如果主句时态是过去式，从句要改成相应的过去式 八、it做形式主语 常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名词+ that从句（2）It + be + 形容词+ that从句 （3）It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句（4）It + 不及物动词+ that 从句
高中英语定语从句经典习题 1. Mary lives in the room, the door _____ opens east. A. of it B. of which C. of that D. whose 2. The engineer _____ my father is talking has just come from abroad. A. with whom B. with who C. with which D. that 3. He lives in a hotel, _____ is only five minutes’ walk from here. A. that B. which C. in which D. where 4. Is there anything _____ I can do for you? . A. which B. who C. as D. that 5. The speaker will tell us about some writers and their works _____are known to us. A. which B. that C. as D. who 6. This is the reason _____ they are all against the plan. A. which B. that C. why D. what 7. It was not until late in the evening _____ the traveler found a hotel. A. which B. that C. as D. where 8. I didn’t like the way _____ she spoke to me. A. which B. that C. how D. as 9. This is _____ I can do for you right now. A. which B. that C. what D. as 10. It was at our college library _____ I borrowed the novel. A. which B. in which C. that D. where 11. I have seen trees, _____ open at sunrise and close at sunset. A. which the leaves B. of which leaves C. whose leaves D. its leaves