高一下学期语法模块练习
一、情态动词
情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语
1.–May I sit beside you, sir?
--- No, you ______. My girlfriend is coming soon.
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. shouldn’t
2.-- _____ I speak to Mary, please?
--Sorry, she____ come to the phone because she isn’t in.
A. Might; won’t
B. Can’t; mustn’t
C. May; can’t
D. Couldn’t; shouldn’t
3. --- I want to know if I _ smoke here.
--- No, you____ . Could you see the sign ―NO SMOKING‖ there?
A. can; needn’t
B. must; can’t
C. shall; won’t
D. may; mustn’t
4. My wife never remembers my telephone number. She always ____ look it up.
A. must
B. should
C. would
D. has to
5. --- ____ you pass me the English magazine, please?
--- Sure. Here you are.
A. Could
B. Need
C. Must
D. Might
6. ---Must I go to work with you?
--- No, you_____. Linda ______ go with me.
A. mus tn’t; can
B. can’t; has to
C. daren’t; should
D. needn’t; may
7. --- __ I tell Mary the test results?
--- No, you____. She’s already got the score.
A. Will; won’t
B. Shall; needn’t
C. May; mustn’t
D. Can; don’t
8. You ____ be careful when crossing here. The traffic lights aren’t working.
A. might
B. ought to
C. could
D. may
9. ---Could I borrow your bicycle?
--- Yes, of course you_____.
A.will
B. should
C. can
D. need
10. Joan_____ come wit h us this afternoon, but she isn’t very sure yet.
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. will
11. I _____ ask you the question because I think I _____ be wrong.
daren’t; must B. mustn’t; can
C. needn’t; may
D. can’t; should
12. It’s nearly eight o’cloc k. Mike _____ be here at any moment.
A. need
B. has to
C. should
D. can
13. The fire spread through the building very quickly but everyone ____ get out.
A. had to
B. would
C. could
D. was able to
14.---What do you think of this answer?
---I don’t think it ____ be right.
A.should
B. might
C. must
D. can
15. --- Is John coming by train?
--- He should, but he ___. He likes driving his car.
A. can’t
B. needn’t
C. may not
D. mustn’t
16. He doesn’t have to work tomorrow, but you have got to, ____ you?
A. don’t
B. haven’t
C. haven’t got
D. can’t
17. You_____ wake me up when I fall asleep, ______ you?
A. haven’t better; have
B. would not rather; would
C. had better not; should
D. had not better; must
18. ---Why! I couldn’t get you on the phone this morning.
--- We _____ tennis in the yard when you phone me.
A. could be playing
B. must be playing
C. must have been playing
D. should have played
19. --- We didn’t see him at the lecture.
--- Neither did anybody else. He _____ it.
A. may not have attended
B. mustn’t attend
C. can’t have attended
D. couldn’t attend
20. ---I came here by taxi and the driver charged me 50 yuan.
---Really? You _____ have come by bus.
A. could
B. must
C. may
D. should
21. --- Do you still remember when we went to the Great Wall?
--- I can’t remember it well, but _____ it have been sometime last May?
A. should
B. must
C. could
D. would
22. ---I wonder why Mr Lin didn’t come to work.
--- He____ have been ill.
A. needn’t
B. should
C. might
D. can
23. ---No one passed the mathematics examination today.
---I guess we ____ the exercise last night.
A. could review
B. should review
C. might review
D. should have reviewed
24. She_____ the hospital so soon, for she hasn’t yet recovered.
A. wouldn’t have left
B. shouldn’t have left
C. needn’t leave
D. hadn’t left
25. Why didn’t you tell me there was no meeting today? I ______ all the way here through the heavy snow.
A. needn’t have driven
B. can’t have driven
C. must have driven
D. shouldn’t have driven.
26. The book is neither yours nor mine. Whose ______ it be?
A. must
B. may
C. should
D. can
27. It is surprising that he ____ have been so foolish.
A. must
B. could
C. should
D. can
28. It must have rained last night, _____ it?
A. mustn’t
B. can’t
C. hasn’t
D. didn’t
29.---Will you stay for lunch?
--- Sorry, I _____. My brother is coming to see me.
A. mustn’t
B. can’t
C. needn’t
D. won’t
30. --- Are you coming to Jeff’s party?
--- I’m not sure. I ____ go to the concert instead.
A. must
B. would
C. should
D. might.
31. Michael ____ be a policeman, for he’s much too short.
A. needn’t
B. can’t
C. should
D. may
32. Mr Bush is on time for everything. How ___ it be that he was late for the ceremony?
A. can
B. should
C. may
D. must
33. –I stayed at a hotel while in New York?
-- Oh did you? You ____ with Barbara.
A. could have stayed
B. could stay
C. must have stayed
D. would stay
34. If I ___go with you, I would feel very glad.
can B. could C. should D. may
35.There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You___ come, but why didn’t you?
A. must have
B. should
C. need have
D. ought to have
36.—When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.
--They ___ be ready by 12:00.
A. can
B. should
C. might
D. need
37. I didn’t hear the phone. I ____ asleep.
A. must be
B. must have been
C. should be
D. should have been
38. I ___ do all the difficult work for you.
A. haven’t got to
B. not have got to
C. have got not to
D. have got to not
39. Sorry I’m late. I ___ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
A. might
B. should
C. can
D. will
40. If I had time, I ____ go with you.
A. can
B. will
C. may
D. might
1-5 ACDDA 6-10 DBBCB 11-15 ACDDC 16-20 BCCCD
21-25 CCDBA 26-30 DCDBD 31-35 BAABD 36-40 BBAAD
二、名词性从句
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分，that在宾语从句中可省略，但引导其他名词性从句时通常不省略。引导宾语从句时，whether可换成if，但引导其他名词性从句时不能换成if。）
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.（连接代词who(m), whose, which, what 等引导名词性从句时，均有各自的意义，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等）。连接副词：when, where, how, why（等引导名词性从句，也各自有自己的意义，在从句中作状语）。
1. Nowadays consumers become more and more practical and buy only _______ they need.
A. where
B. which
C. when
D. what
2. She’d like to offer money to ________ needs it to continue his or her study.
A. who
B. whom
C. whoever
D. whomever
3. ---If you are admitted to a key university, _________ as a prize?
--- I’m looking for a cell phone.
A. What you expect your father will offer you
B. Do you expect what your father will offer you
C. What do you expect will your father offer you
D. What do you expect your father will offer you
4. Yesterday he sold out all his stamps at ____ he thought was a reasonable price.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. as
5. Generally speaking, ____ we have seen seems more believable than ____ we have been told.
A. what; that
B. what; what
C. that; what
D. that; that
6. After th ree days’ waiting, there was a little doubt in the mother’s mind _______ the police could find her lost child.
A. how
B. that
C. where
D. whether
7. ―Sustainable development‖ is a question _______ we can continue developing the wor ld without damaging the environment.
A. why
B. when
C. that
D. how
8. We’d like to do _______ we can _________ the poor.
A. how; help
B. all; to help
C. whatever; help
D. however; to help
9. My parents used ________they had to get a new car for my brother.
A. which
B. all what
C. what
D. 不填
10. She was so angry at all ________ he was doing _________ she stayed up all night.
A. that; that
B. that; which
C. what; that
D. what; as
11. ____you don’t like him is none of my business.
A. What
B. That
C. Who
D. How
12.____all the inventions have in common is ____they have succeeded.
A. What; what
B. That; that
C. what; that
D. That ; what
13. ____appeared to me that he enjoyed the food very much.
A. What
B. It
C. All that
D. That
14. It is widely ______that smoking can cause cancer.
A. believed
B. think
C. say
D. hoped
15. ____caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What
B. That
C. How
D. Where
16. The reason I plan to go is___ she will be disappointed if I don’t.
A. because
B. that
C. thanks to
D. what
17. What time do you think__?
A. will Tom come back
B. Tom will come back
C. is Tom coming back
D. can Tom get here
18. The teacher said that light___ faster than sound.
A. Has traveled
B. traveled
C. had traveled
D. travels
19.___ is still a question___ will win.
A. It; that
B. It; who
C. That; who
D. This; that
20. If you know___ it was that write A Tale of Two Cities, raise your hand.
A. whom
B. which
C. who
D. that
1-5 DCDCB 6-10 DDBCA 11—15 BCBAA 16—20 BBDBC
三、主谓一致
主谓一致的种类
1．语法形式上的一致
主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。
2．意义上一致
1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。如：The crowd were shouting.
单数形式代表复数内容的词有：people, police, cattle等。
2）主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。如：The news was so surprising.
形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称，如physics，politics, economics等。
3．就近原则
即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or，either…or, neither…not, not only…but also等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。
1. The audience _____ so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. has
2. The secretary and principal _____ at the meeting now.
A. are speaking
B. is speaking
C. were making a speech
D. have a speech
3. Between the two roads _____ a TV tower called "Skyscraper Tower".
A. stands
B. standing
C. which stands
D. stand
4. Where to get the materials and how to get them _____ at the meeting.
A. have not discussed
B. have not been discussed
C. has not discussed
D. has not been discussed
5. This pair of shoes _____.
A. is her
B. is hers
C. are hers
D. are her
6.The railway station is ______from our school.
A.two hour`s drive
B.two hours` drive
C.two hour drive
D.two hours drive
7.Mike and John`s ______.
A.father is a teacher
B.fathers are teachers
C.father are teachers
D.fathers are teacher
8.A great deal of talking and listening that ______ under casual circumstance may seem to be aimless.
A.is occurred
B.are occurred
C.occurs
D.occur
9._______ the classroom needs to be cleaned.
A.Either the offices or
B.The offices and
C.Both the office and
D.The office and
10. One and a half _______ _left on the table.
A. apple is B, apples is C. apple are D. apples are
11.There ______ a lot of sugar in the jar.
has B.have C.is D.are
12. ―All ______present and all ______going on well‖, our monitor said.
A.is is
B.are, are
C.are is
D.is are
13.Either of the plans ______equally dangerous.
A.are
B.is
C.has
D.have
14.The police ______the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
A.is searching
B.were searching for
C.are searching
D.was searching for
15. ______a good enough price for this book
A.Two yuans are
B.Two yuan are
C.Two yuans is
D.Two yuan is
16.No bird and no beast ______in the lonely island
A.are seen
B.is seen
C.see
D.sees
17.Every means ______prevent the water from______
A.are used to polluting
B.get used to polluting
C.is used to , polluted
D.is used to ,being polluted
18.What we need ______good textbooks.
A.is
B.are
C.have
D.has
19.Not only Tom but also Peter and Mary _______ __planning to go．
A．is B．was C．are D．has been
20.The number of the students of this school _______ __large．
A．are B．are not C．isn’t D．aren’t
1-5 ABADB 6-10 BACAB 11-15 CCBBD 16-20 BDBCC
四、非谓语动词
1.非谓语的概念：动词的基本用法是作谓语。当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。
非谓语形式有三种：动词不定式：to do 动词的ing : doing 动词的过去分词：done
2. 三种形式的含义（基本用法）
不定式：表示目的和将来；动词的ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和完成。3. 非谓语动词的时态和语态
一般式完成式进行式
不定式主动to do to have done to be doing
被动to be done to have been
done
ing 形式主动doing having done
被动being done having been
done
过去分词被动done
4. 非谓语动词的否定形式
在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即not / never to do, not / never doing
5.非谓语动词的复合结构
不定式的复合结构：for / of sb. to do sth.
动词ing 形式的复合结构：宾格或所有格+doing (-ing 形式作主语时，用的所有格＋doing) 6. 非谓语动词的做题步骤
-- 判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了
-- 找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
-- 判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
-- 判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。之前常用done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.
1、说出下列动名词短语在句中的作用
1 Would you mind carrying this suitcases for us?
2 It has been so nice meeting you.
3 The main difficulty was finding enough raw material.
4 The real problem is knowing what to write.
5 It was annoying not being able to remember the new words.
6 Working in the open air has given you a good color.
7 The girls are all fond of dancing.
8 It made him ill drinking so much whisky.
9 Your job will be looking after the cows.
1.宾语
2. 主语
3. 表语
4. 表语
5. 表语; 主语
6. 主语
7. 介宾
8. 主语
9. 表语
1. European football is played in 80 countries, ________ it the popular sport in the world.
A. making
B. makes
C. made
D. to make
2. One learns a language by making mistakes and __________ them.
A. correct
B. correcting
C. corrects
D. to correct
3. __________ at the door before entering please.
A. Knocked
B. To knock
C. Knocking
D. Knock
4. ________ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.
A. Having suffered
B. Suffering
C. To suffer
D. Suffered
5. He sent me an-email, __________ to get further information.
A. hoped
B. hoping
C. to hope
D. hope
6. Tony was very unhappy for ________ to the party.
A. having not been invited
B. not having invited
C. having not invited
D. not having been invited
7. Though ________money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked
B. lacking of
C. lacking
D. lacked in
8. How about the two of us ________a walk down the garden?
A. to take
B. take
C. taking
D. to be taking
9. ________is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
A. The walk
B. Walking
C. To walk
D. Walk
10. —I must apologize for ________ahead of time.
—That’s all right.
A. letting you not know
B. not letting you know
C. letting you know not
D. letting not you know
11. Generally speaking, _______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. when taking
B. when taken
C. when to take
D. when to be taken
12. Friendship is like money: easier made than __________.
A. kept
B. to be kept
C. keeping
D. being kept
13. Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited
B. inviting
C. being invited
D. having invited
14. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ________ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen
15. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins
B. having begun
C. beginning
D. begun
16. ________ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s health.
A. Exposed
B. Having exposed
C. Being exposed
D. After being exposed
17. The bell _______ the end of the period rang, _______our heated discussion.
A. indicating; interrupting
B. indicated; interrupting
C. indicating; interrupted
D. indicated; interrupted
18. Mr Reed made up his mind to devoted all he had to _______ some schools for poor children.
A. set up
B. setting up
C. have set up
D. having set up
19. __________ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him
wherever he goes.
A. Suffered
B. Suffering
C. Having suffered
D. Being suffered
20. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _______ the next year.
A. carry out
B. carrying out
C. carried out
D. to carry out
1-5 A B C A B 6-10 D B C B B 11-15 B A A B D 16-20 C A B B C
高一第一学期基础语法及词汇复习检测 填空： 1. If a lecture is very ____________ , your mind will be a millio n miles away. 2. We all think being ____________ is a virtue（美德）. 3.1' m afraid we don ' t _____________ the same opinion 4. He does n't ________ much for others. That 'why he does n'thave any frien ds. 5. ---What are you _______ （喜欢）？ ---Pop music. 6. _______ he has tried hard, he won't be able to pass the En glish exam. 7. We are livi ng in the times whe n __________ and cha nces go side by side. 8. My new friend Li Ji ng told me that he _______________________ to （去过）America twice. 9. ---You have agreed to go. Why n ot get things ready? ---Oh, ________________ （我不知道）it was so late. 10. We should ________ （让，使）everybody realize the importanee of environment. 11. The childre n ___________ （激动）whe n they were told they were going for a picnic n ext Sun day. 12. I don 'tcare much for coffee. I ____________ tea. 13. My mother is an actress and she has ____________________ （扮演不同的角色）in TV series. 14. The boy admitted ____________ （break） the an cie nt vase. 15. The sudden storm destroyed the house and 5 people were killed. Fortunately, I_________ （幸 免于难）. 16. China is ____________ very fast day by day. 17. The stude nts ofte n practice __________ En glish among themselves. 18. Japa nese is quite differe nt ____ Chin ese _____ pronun ciati on. 19. They used to be great friends but now they are like stra ngers. How ____ this ______ ? 20. You should work tonight ___________ watching TV . 21. The party ___________ （以 .. 结束）an old folk song. 22. _______ （大量）of people in China are learning English as a second Ianguage. 23. He can be very rude sometimes, but __________ , I still love him. 24. ____________ （不要拘束），Jones, and help yourself to the food you like. 25. I have already had such a stamp, so I _________ （交换）the extra one for a new stamp. 26. The ___________ （大多数）of America ns enjoy traveli ng from place to place. 27. How much does that garage bus in ess ________ （收入，进帐）each mon th? 28. People from the two coun tries have no difficulty __ _ （un dersta nd） each other. 29. We wear dark glasses in order to ____________ our eyes ___________ （保护 ... 使... 免 受... ）the strong sun light. 30. The people were warned not to _________ （靠近）the building that was on fire. 31. The doctor told me to ________________ （多运动）and not to worry. 32. I need a ______________ （单独的）room. I don 'twant to share with others. 33. How much do you ___________ （在 ... 花钱）your clothes each year? 34. Even though she is young, she has ___________________ （丰富的工作经验）. 35. ---When _______ y ou _________ （meet） the man ager? ---3:00 tomorrow after noon. 36. It is wise to let our children _________________ （离开家）and live on their own for a while.
高一语法复习试卷 1. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ______ family was poor. A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose 2. She heard a terrible noise, _______ brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. which C. this D. that 3. In the dark street , there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 4. He made another wonderful discovery , ____ of great importance to science. A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D.I think which is 5. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child. A. which B. where C. that D. when 6. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ._______ I got wet through . A. It’s the reason B.That’s why C. There’s why D. It’s how 7. On the wall hung a picture, _____ color is blue. A. whose B. of which C. which D. its 8.He is the only one of the three _____got the new idea. A. who have B. whom have C. who has D. whose had 9. ---- How about the games? ---- Very interesting, and the ones _________ the young men competed were really exciting. A. what B. for whom C. where D. in which 10.The house_______the capitalist used to live in is now a nursery. A. that B. where C. what D. when 11. Go and get your coat. It's _______ you left it. A. there B. where C. there were D. where there 12. Father made a promise _______ I passed the examination he would buy me a bicycle. A. that B. if C. whether D. that if 13. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us. A. that B. if C. whether D.不填 14. He wanted to make sure __________. A. how we went there by bus B. where did we go
O(∩_∩)O~人教版高一英语词组Unit1 1.argue about 争论….. 2. be fond of 喜欢….. 3. all the time 一直，始终 4. make fire 生火 5. develop a friendship建立友谊 6. care about 关心，担心 7. in order to 为了…… 8. hunt for 搜寻；追寻；寻找 9. such as 例如 10. make friends交朋友 11. be regard as被当作….. 12. click …away 点击……发送 13. make a difference有所不同 14 .drop sb. a line给某人写信 15 keep in mind记住 16.at the end of 在…..的末尾 wake up醒来 wander off 漫步 most of the time 大部分时间 either…or… 或……或……
each other 互相 spend…(in)doing s th 花费时间做某事 be determined to do 决定做…… think about 看法 for example 举例子 work out 得出；解决 argue for 为……辩护 argue with 与……争论/争辩 argue against 争辩…… set up （具体）设置；安装/（抽象）建立do some research 做研究 choose to do sth. 宁愿、偏要、决定做某事catch one’s eye 引起某人的注意 care for 照顾 be intended for/to do 为……而准备、预定reach a doctor 找到医生 must have done 一定是；想必是 get a training 得到训练 as well as ……也 second to 次于 get sb. into使某人进入/陷入 story after story 一个故事接着一个
人教版小学英语语法整理大全（上） 第一章名词 一、定义：名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象的东西。 二、分类 1. 名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词 如：john is a student.? ?student是普通名词，john是专有名词 普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an, 定冠词the 或不加冠词，专有名词前一般不加冠词，专有名词的首字母要大写。 2. 普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。 3. 专有名词：专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词，多为独一无二的事物。 三、名词的数 1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词——可以数的名词? ?不可数名词——数不清（没有复数） Drink：milk??tea??water??orange??juice??coke??coffee??porridge Food：rice??bread??meat??fish??fruit??cake??dumplings 2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式，不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用，没有复数形式many+可数名词复数??much/a little+不可数名词 some, any , a lot of (lots of) 两者都可以修饰。 3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰 不可数名词：数词+量词+of + 名词 对可数名词的数量提问用how many 对不可数名词的数量提问用how much 4、不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法： 1）some, much ,a little ,a lot of??,a bit of , plenty of 用等表示多少。 ※既可以与可数名词复数，又可以与不可数名词连用的有：plenty of ,some ,a lot of ,lots of??,most of 等。如there is much water in the bottle .瓶中有很多水。 i'll tell you much good news.我要告诉你许多好消息。 we should collect some useful information我们应该收集一些有用的消息。 2）用单位词表示。 用a ... of 表示。 如 a cup of （一杯......），a bottle of （一瓶......） a piece of （一张......），a pair of shoes（一双鞋） 如two cups of tea（两杯茶）,five pieces of paper（五张纸） ※单位词后的动词单复数形式往往取决于单位词的单复数形式；千、百等数词与名词加用，表示复数时，数词仍保持单数，名词变复数。 如two hundred students（200名学生） ten thousand trees（10000棵树） 测试点he caught a lot of fish他抓到了许多鱼（此处为许多条鱼，fish的复数仍为fish或fishes） =he caught a lot of fishes. the paper is about some fresh-water fishes.这篇论文是有关几种淡水鱼的。（此处fish表示不同种类的鱼，加复数词尾-es） 5、可数名词分为单数和复数。 名词单数就是该词本身，在其前面加a或an。 1）单数如a desk（一张桌子）an old desk（一张旧书桌） 2）复数：要表示一个以上概念时，要用名词复数形式
2017高一英语上学期必修1—2语法总结2017高一英语上学期必修1—2语法总结 直接英语和间接英语 一、句型的变化 （一）如果直接引语是陈述句，间接引语一般是用that来引导。口语中that常可以省略。 ? “I like to lusic,” said P? Peter said that he liked to lu【注意】如果直接引语中出现两个或两个以上的陈述句并列时，第一个that可以省略，后面一个不能省略，以免引起歧义。如： ? The teacher said, “The text is vant. You should learn it by heart.” ? The teacher said (that) the texant and that we should learn it by hea(二) 如果直接引语是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，间接引语常变为由whether/if引导，而且要用陈述句语序。如： ? The boy asked“Can I go to play football wds on Saturday?” ? The boy askedwhether/uld go to play football wds on Saturday. (三) 如果直接引语是特殊问句，间接引语用特殊疑问词引导，而且用陈述句语序。如：
? “How mudo you spendwork?” he asked? He asked me how muIw（四）如果间接引语是表示请求、提议、建议、劝告等意义的问句，要借助其他句型结构来表达。如： ? “Why don’t you come and play football with me?” He asked. ? He advisedlay football w【注意】表示请求、劝告时，通常用“ask/advise/want等 + 宾语 + 动词不 定式”结构。 (五) 如果直接引语是祈使句，间接引语要用不定式的复合结构改，即改为：tell (ask, order, warn, advise等) sb. (not) to do sth. 如： ? “Larefully, please.” the teacher said to us. ? The teacher told us to larefully. 【注意】如果祈使句中出现了please, 在间接引语中必须省略。 (六) 如果直接引语是感叹句，变间接引语时，用what, how或that来引述。如： ? “What a beautiful hou!” he said? He told me what a beautiful house it was. ? He told me that it was a beautiful hou二、时态的变化
高一英语上语法（人教版） [真诚为您服务] 用现在进行时表示将来意为："意图"、"打算"、"安排"、常用于人。常用词为come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay等。 I'm leaving tomorrow. Are you staying here till next week? 比较过去时与现在完成时 1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。2）过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语共同的时间状语: this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately 现在完成时的时间状语 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 不确定的时间状语 3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。举例： I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了。） I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） Why did you get up so early? （强调起床的动作已发生过了。） Who hasn't handed in his paper? （强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。） She has returned from Paris. 她已从巴黎回来了。 She returned yesterday. 她是昨天回来了。 He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续) He has been a League member for three years. (是团员的状态可持续) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。) I have finished my homework now. ---Will somebody go and get Dr. White? ---He's already been sent for. 句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week,
[高一英语语法时态注意事项]英语语法时态总结【导语】高一英语语法时态是高一期末中的重要点，也是高一英语期末考试中的重难点之一，所以我们要做好相应的复习。下面是大网的高一语法时态注意事项，希望对您有所帮助! ◆动词时态应注意的几点 1. 瞬间性动词的一般现在时和现在进行时常用来表示将来的 动作。例句： ①The film begins in a minute. ②My uncle is leaving tomorrow morning. 2. 在时间、条件、让步状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。例句： ①Every time I listen to that song, I’ll think of my old friend. ②If you do that, I shall be very pleased.
③They’ll stand by you even if you don’t sueed. 3. 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别：一般过去时和现在完成时都表示过去所发生的动作，但现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的影响、结果等，所以它不能和表示过去的时间状语连用;一般过去时只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系,因而它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。如： —Have you finished your work? —Yes, I have. —When did you finish it? —I finished it last summer. ◆直接引语与间接引语转换时应注意的几个问题： 1. 人称的变化 2. 时态的变化
3. 时间状语的变化 4. 地点状语的变化 例句： ①Xiao Yi said, “I want to go to the park this afternoon.” →Xiao Yi said (that) he wanted to go to the park that afternoon. ②Bob said, “We’ll have a meeting here tomorrow morning.” →Bob said (that) they would have a meeting there the next morning. ◆定语从句中关系代词只能用that和不能用that的几种情况： 只能用that的情况 1. 先行词是不定代词。
2017高一英语上学期必修1语法总结 直接英语和间接英语 一、句型的变化 （一）如果直接引语是陈述句，间接引语一般是用that来引导。口语中that常可以省略。 “I like to listen to rock music,” said Peter. Peter said that he liked to listen to rock music. 【注意】如果直接引语中出现两个或两个以上的陈述句并列时，第一个that可以省略，后面一个不能省略，以免引起歧义。如： The teacher said, “The text is very important. You should learn it by heart.” The teacher said (that) the text is important and that we should learn it by heart. (二) 如果直接引语是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，间接引语常变为由whether/if 引导，而且要用陈述句语序。如： The boy aske d his mother, “Can I go to play football with my friends on Saturday?” The boy asked his mother whether/if he could go to play football with his friends on Saturday. (三) 如果直接引语是特殊问句，间接引语用特殊疑问词引导，而且用陈述句语序。如： ? “How much time do you spend on the homework?” he asked me. ? He asked me how much time I spent on the homework. （四）如果间接引语是表示请求、提议、建议、劝告等意义的问句，要借助其他句型结构来表达。如： ? “Why don’t you come and play football with me?” He asked. ? He advised me to play football with him. 【注意】表示请求、劝告时，通常用“ask/advise/want等+ 宾语+ 动词不定式”结构。 (五) 如果直接引语是祈使句，间接引语要用不定式的复合结构改，即改为：tell (ask, order, warn, advise等) sb. (not) to do sth. 如： ? “Listen to me carefully, please.” the teacher said to us. ? The teacher told us to listen to him carefully. 【注意】如果祈使句中出现了please, 在间接引语中必须省略。 (六) 如果直接引语是感叹句，变间接引语时，用what, how或that来引述。如：? “What a beautiful house it is!” he said to me. ? He told me what a beautiful house it was. ? He told me that it was a beautiful house. 二、时态的变化 （一）如果主句的时态是一般现在时或将来时，则间接引语中的时态不变。如；? He says, “I’m too tired.” ? He says (that) he is too tired. （二）如果主句的时态是一般过去时，则间接引语中的时态相应地变为与过去相关的时态。具体变化如下： 一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时 现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时
人教版高中英语必修二 知识点梳理 重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 概念引入： He is a person who never gives up. 他是个永远不服输的人。 I found him in the woods, where has a well-known tree. (我是在树林里找到他的，那里有一棵很有名的树。) Our guide,(who was a Frenchman, ) was an excellent cook. 我们的导游是个很优秀的厨师，他是个法国人 She was not on the train which arrived just now。 她没在刚刚到达的那辆车上 语法点拨 什么是定语从句？ 修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。引导定语从句的关系词有： 关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that 关系副词：when, where, why 我们把下面两个句子组合成一个复合句： 1. This is our school. It is beautiful. →This is our school which is beautiful. 2. This is our school. We study in our school. →This is our school which we study in. →This is our school in which we study. →This is our school where we study. 3. Do you know the room? It is made of amber. →Do you know the room which is made of amber? 4. I have read the newspaper. It carries the important news. →I have read the newspaper which carries the important news. 从上述定语从句的组合我们可以看出： 先行词和关系词的关系：关系代词实际上是先行词的复指；关系词whose 实际上是先行词的所有格。 1. A plane is a machine that can fly. the machine = that 2. The boy who broke the window is called Wangkai. the boy =who 3. The boy whose parents are working outside was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose 【高一英语语法（二）定语从句（二）356521限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句】
小学英语语法大全 第一章名词 一、定义 名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象的东西。 二、分类 1. 名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词 如：john is a student student是普通名词，john是专有名词 普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an, 定冠词the 或不加冠词，专有名词前一般不加冠词，专有名词的首字母要大写。 2. 普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。 3. 专有名词 专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词，多为独一无二的事物。 三、名词的数 1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词——可以数的名词 不可数名词——数不清（没有复数） drink?milk tea water orange juice coke coffee porridge food?rice bread meat fish fruit cake dumplings 2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式，不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用，没有复数形式 many+可数名词复数 much/a little+不可数名词 some, any , a lot of (lots of) 两者都可以修饰。 3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰 不可数名词数词 +量词 +of + 名词 对可数名词的数量提问用how many 对不可数名词的数量提问用 how much 4、不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法： 1） some, much ,a little ,a lot of ,a bit of , plenty of 用等表示多少。 注意既可以与可数名词复数，又可以与不可数名词连用的有：plenty of ,some ,a lot of ,lots of ,most of 等。 如there is much water in the bottle .瓶中有很多水。
高一英语重点语法总结与归纳 高一英语时态语法知识点：现在进行时 1.表示现在 (说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。 [例句] He is reading a newspaper now. 2.表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作 (说话时动作不一定正在进行)。 [例句] What are you doing these days? 3.表示说话人现在对主语的行为表示赞叹或厌恶等,常与always, constantly, continually等副词连用。 [例句] He is always thinking of others. 4.表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。常限于go, come, leave, start, arrive等表“移动”“方向”的词。 [例句] He is coming to see me next week. 高一英语时态语法知识点：过去进行时 1.表示过去某时正在进行的动作。 [例句] He was sleeping when Mary came to see him. 2.动词go, come, leave, arrive, start等的过去进行时常表过去将来时。[例句] She said she was going to Beijing the day after tomorrow. 高一英语时态语法知识点：一般现在时 1.表示现在习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态,常与usually, always, sometimes, often, every day / week / month / year等时间状语连用。[例句] He often does his homework in his study.
高一英语知识点 重点词组： 1. fond of “喜爱，爱好” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。例如： He’s fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。 Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗? He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。 2. hunt for = look for寻找 I have found the book I was hunting for.我找到了那本我在找的书。 hunt for a job 找工作 3. in order to, so as to 这两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语, in order to可放于句首, so as to则不能, 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to. 如: He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting. In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他, 他朝我 们又是叫喊又是挥手。 4. care about 1) 喜欢，对……有兴趣= care for She doesn’t care about money.她不喜欢钱。 2）关心= care for She thinks only of herself. She doesn’t care about other people. 她只考虑自己。她不关心别人。 3）在乎，在意（接从句或不接任何成分） These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。 5. such as 意为“诸如……”，“像……”，是用来列举人或事物的。 She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.她教三门科目,像物理、化学。 6. drop * a line 留下便条, 写封短信 7、make yourself at home 别客气；随便；无拘束 （1）If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home. 如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝点饮料，随便一点。 8、stay up 不睡；熬夜 （1）I'll be late home, don't stay up for me. 我将回家很晚，不要等我了。 （2）He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning. 他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。 9、come about 引起；发生；产生 （1）How did the accident come about? 这场事故是怎么发生的？ （2）They didn't know how the change had come about. 他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。 10、except for 除……之外 （1）except 与except for 的用法常有区别。except 多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一项。如：
人教版必修一各单元知识点总结 Unit One Friendship 一、重点短语 1.go through 经历，经受get through 通过；完成；接通电话 2. set down 记下，放下 3. a series of 一系列 4. on purpose 有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上9. join in 参加（某个活动）；take part in 参加（活动） join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员） 10. calm down 冷静下来11. suffer from 遭受12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽15. be good at/do well in 擅长于…16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是…17. no longer / not …any longer 不再…18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.）much too 太…(后接adj.)19. not…until 直到…才20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心 21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为…make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 二、语法----直接引语和间接引语 概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。 例：Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.” Mr. Black said that he was busy. 变化规则 （一）陈述句的变化规则 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。 人称的变化——人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思 例：1. He said, “ I like it very much.”→He said that he liked it very much. 2. He said to me, “I’v left my book in your room.” →He told me that he had left his book in my room. 时态的变化
PEP小学英语语法要点及习题 一、名词复数规则 1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5．不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 写出下列各词的复数 I _________him _________this ___________her ______ watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________ 二、一般现在时 一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成 1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如： We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 一般现在时的变化 1. be动词的变化。 否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。 否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如： I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：