初中英语动词用法
A
act v. 表演，演戏
act as sb./ sth. 充任某角色，担任某工作
I don’t understand English, so you have to act as my interpreter(翻译)。
其他用法：act for 代表某人，代理某人的职位
During her illness, her lawyer has been acting for her in her business.
在她生病期间，她的律师一直代理她的业务。
词语拓展：action n. 行为，行动；take action 采取行动
actor n.. 演员
actress n.. 女演员
active adj. 活跃的，积极的，主动的，起作用的；
actively adv. 活跃地，积极地；
activety n. 活动性, 活力；活动（activities 复数）
accept v. 接受；赞同；欢迎；听从
近义词辨析：accept 和receive
accept 是“接受、认可“的意思，是收到并接受；receive 有”收到“的意思，但不一定接受。
e.g. I received a lot of gifts on my birthday, but I didn’t accept any.
生日那天我收到许多礼物，但是我并没有收下任何礼物。
achieve vt. 获得achieve a balance between…and…在…和…之间获得平衡
add v. (1)加，增加，添加
add sth. to sth. 往...里添加... eg. If the tea is too strong, add some water to it.
eg. He added his signature to the petition(请愿书)。
add A and B (together) 加eg. If you add 5 and 5, you get 10.
add to sth. 增加某事物eg. The bad weather only add to our difficulties.
这种坏天气更增加了我们的困难。
(2) 补充；继续说eg. “I’ll come here later.’’ he added.
add in 包括...在内eg. Don’t forget add me in. 别忘了把我算上。
add up 合计，加起来
add up to 总计达到
add fuel to the fire 火上浇油
词语拓展：addition n. 加法；增加的人或事物
in addition 加上, 又, 另外，单独使用放在句首，逗号隔开
eg: In addition，there are six students. 除此之外，还有六名学生。
in addition to 除...外还
eg: In addition to high salaries, you will enjoy a paid holiday every year.
besides 表示“除… 以外，（还，也）”，相当于in addition to.
eg.Besides English, they also study math, physics and chemistry
except 表示“除…外，（其余都）…”，常与all，every，no, none, nothing 等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词
连用。
eg.He answered all the questions except the last one. 除了最后一个问题外，所有的问题他都回答了。
except for 也表示“除… 以外”，但是和except 不同的是: 与except 连用的整体词和except 所跟的词
常常是同类的，是指整体除去一部份; 而与except for 连用的整体词与except for 所跟的词往往不是同
类的，是指整体中除去一个细节。例如:
Your composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
除了几处拼写错误以外，你的作文写得很好。
Except for an old lady, the bus was empty. 除了有一个老太太以外，这辆公共汽车是空的。
apart from 表示“除…之外”。根据上、下文的不同，它既可用作besides, 也可用作except 和except for。
Apart from them, I had no one to talk to. （= except）
除了他们以外，我没有人说话。
Apart from other considerations, time is also a factor. (=besides）
除了别的考虑之外，时间也是一个因素。
(It is) Good work apart from a few slight faults. (= except for）
除了几个小毛病以外，这是一篇佳作。
aitional adj. 附加的，额外的，添加的
advice n. 建义，劝告；信息
a piece of advice 一条建议
ask for advice 寻求建议
give sb some advice = give some advice to sb 给某人提建议
take/follow one’s advice接受、遵照某人的建议
advise v. 给…出主意；建议；通知
advice sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
suggestion n. (C) 建议
offer sb. some suggestions Can you offer me some suggestions?
affect v. 影响；感动eg Cold weather affected the crops.
词语拓展：effect n. 影响，作用；效果
come/go into effect 实施，生效
in effect 实际上
take effect 生效，起作用
have a good/bad effect on sb. 对某人有好的/坏的影响
effective adj 有效的，生效的
affection n 喜爱，爱慕之情
afford v. 负担得起（...的费用，损失，后果），买得起；抽得出时间
（常与can, could, be able to 连用）
afford sth. eg. I’d love to go on holiday but I can’t afford the time.
eg. They walked because the can’t afford a taxi.
afford to do sth. eg. They walked because they can’t afford to take a taxi.
eg. I have to work hard because I can’t afford to loose my job.
afford sb sth 提供，给与The tnsaction afforded him a good profit.这笔交易使他赚了一大笔
afford st 抽出多少时间I can't afford an hour for lunch. 我抽不出一小时吃午饭。
afraid adj. 担心，害怕，恐怕
. be afraid of 害怕 e.g. Don’t be afraid of asking for help from others.不要害怕向别人求助。
be afraid for 担心 e.g. I’m afraid for my sister. 我担心我的妹妹。
be afraid /be afraid of sth./doing 害怕（做）某事eg I’m afraid of snakes.我害怕蛇。
I’m afraid of going out alone at night.
be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事eg Don’t be afraid to ask questions.不要害怕问问题。
I’m afraid so. /I’m afraid not. 我恐怕是这样/不是这样
I’m afraid that…我恐怕。。。。。。。. eg I have a lot of homework to do. I’m afraid (that) I can’t go with you.
agree v. 同意，赞同
agree with sb. 同意某人的意见eg. I agree with you.
agree on + 表示具体协议的文件、计划、行动的词eg. We agreed on the plan.
agree to do sth. 同意做某事eg. We agreed to start early.
agree that + 宾语从句eg. She agreed that I was right.
其他用法：agree with sb. (尤用于否定或疑问句) （对某人的健康或胃口）适合
eg. like mushrooms but unfortunately they don’t agree with me.
我喜欢吃蘑菇，可惜吃了以后难受。
eg.The humid climate in the south didn’t agree with him.
他不适应南方潮湿的气候。
词语拓展：agreement n. 协定，协议
agreeable adj. 欣然同意的
disagree v. 不同意，有分歧
answer n. & v.回答;解决方案;反应
the answer to
answer a question 回答问题
solve the problem 解决问题
reply n./v. 答复，回答
reply to a question/letter My penfriend in the USA hasn’t replied to my last three e-mails.
aim v. 瞄准，对准aim at 瞄准，针对（直接的目的）
eg.I aimed at the door but hit the window.
eg. My remarks were not aim at you. 我的话不是针对你。
aim at the target 瞄准目标/ 靶子；aim at a success 志在成功
be aimed at 目的是，旨在,为了；较为委婉
eg.Our marketing campaign should be aimed at young working couples。
我们的行销活动应该针对年轻的上班夫妇.
aimed for 瞄准；以…为目标(长久以来的目标)
eg.Your whole parenting has aimed for this moment.你这个教育目标就是这一刻allow v. 允许，准许
allow doing sth. 允许某人做某事eg. We don’t allow smoking in our house. 在我们家不允许抽烟。
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事eg. They allow her to go to the party. 他们允许她去参加晚会。
allow sb not to do sth不允许某人做某事
注意被动：sb. be allowed to do sth.
allow sb. in/ out/ up 允许某人进来/ 出去/ 起来
allow for 考虑到，把……考虑进来，体谅eg.We must allow for his youth. 我们必须体谅他的年轻.
(sth ) allow of 容许eg. The situation allows of no dely. 情况不容拖延。
词语拓展：allowance n. 津贴, 补助, 零用钱
permit v. 允许，较为强硬n. 许可证
permit sb.to do sth.
permit doing sth.
permission n. 允许
annoy v. 使恼怒，使生气
annoy sb. 使某人生气，使某人心烦eg. I was annoyed by his remarks. 他的言论激怒了我。appear v. 出现；露面；（公开）演出
appear to do 好象是
It appears that + 从句
eg. It appears to me that you are all wrong. 我觉得你们全都错了。
appearance n. 出现，相貌She made her final appearance on the screen. 她最后一次出现在银幕上。
disappear v 消失
appreciate v. 感激
appreciate sth.
appreciate doing sth.
argue v. 争论，争吵
argue with sb. about/ over/ on sth. 与某人争论某事
eg. We argued with the waiter about the price of the meal.
其他用法：argue sb. into/ out of doing sth. 说服某人做/ 不做某事
eg. They argue his into giving up his plan.
arrive v. 到达
arrive in + 大地方eg. We arrived in Paris.
arrive at + 小地方eg. We arrived at the station/ my nation town.
其他用法：arrive at sth. 达成或得出某事物
arrived at an agreement(达成协议)/ a conclusion(得出结论)
eg What dicision did you arrived at? 你们做出了什么决定？
arrive at/in 到达某地
get to 某地
reach a place / 数字到达某地/数量
arrival n. 到达
time of arrival 到达的时间
ask v. 询问，问
ask sth. eg. May I ask questions?
ask sb. sth. eg. He asked me the way to the supermarket.
He asked me their names.
He asked me where he should go.
ask sb. about sth. eg. He asked me about my health.
ask sb.to do sth. eg. He ask me to stop smoking.
He ask me not to swim here.
ask for sth. (to do sth.) 请求eg. She asked for more time (to think it over). 她请求多一点时间（仔细考虑）。
ask for sb. 找（某人）Did anyone ask for me last week?
ask sb for help=turn to sb 向某人求助
ask sb for some advice 向某人征求意见
ask sb for sth 向某人索要
其他用法：ask the way 问路；ask for trouble 自找麻烦，自讨苦吃
attempt v. 企图，试图
试图做某事attempt to do sth.
attempt doing sth.
attention n. 注意，专心
pay attention to 注意You should pay attention to your spoken English.你应该注意你的口语。asleep adj. 睡着的
fall asleep 入睡He was too tired, so he fell fast asleep.他太累了，很快就入睡了。
sleep vi./n. 睡觉
go to sleep After breakfast, I want to go to sleep.吃完早饭后，我想去睡觉
get enough sleep I don’t get enough sleep. I feel sleepy in class.我没有足够的睡眠，我课堂上感到想睡觉。sleepy adj. 欲睡的，困倦的
feel sleepy 感到困倦
B
beat v. 打败，战胜((beat, beaten))
beat sb. (at sth.) 在某方面打败/ 胜过某人
He beats me at chess. 他在下棋方面胜我一筹。
beat sb. 打某人
beat/defeat 一组同义词，它们的宾语必须是人或一个集体，如a team, a class, an school, an army。
defeat尤指在战场上打败敌人；beat是游戏、比赛的专门用词。二者常可换。
eg. We beat their team by 10 points. 我们赢了他们队十分。
In the end their army was defeat/beaten. 最后他们的部队被击（打）败。
win/gain 一组同义词。gain表示获得需要之物，它常跟的宾语有one’s living, experience, strength, time, knowledge, attention, respect, admiration 等；
win表示在较强的竞争中取得胜利，它常跟的宾语有game, war, prize, fame, battle等。
eg. We shall gain experience through practice.我们将通过实践获得经验。
They won the battle but lost many men. 他们取得了这次战斗的胜利，但牺牲了很多人。hit 指“打中”或“对准……来打”，着重敲打或打击对方的某一点。tap一般是轰轰拍打的意思。
eg:The stone hit him on the head.石头击中了他的头部
become v. 成为，变成
become + 名词He became a doctor at last.
become interesting in 变得对...感兴趣
其他用法：What becomes/ will become of sb./ sth.? 某人某事的情况如何
eg. What will become if I die? 假如我死了我的孩子会怎么样呢？
begin v. 开始
begin to do sth. = begin doing sth. 开始做某事
begin /start with 由...开始eg. We will begin with you. 从你开始。
eg. The concert(音乐会) began with a piano solo(钢琴独奏).
beginning n. 开始
at the beginning of 在。。。。的开始
start v开始；n. 开始
start to do sth =start doing sth 开始做某事
at the start of 在。。。。的开始
start off 动身，开始活动
to start/begin with 第一，首先
end n. 最后，末尾
at the end （of）在(……的)末端eg At the end of the street you’ll find the hospital.
in the end =finally =at last最后，终于eg In the end she married a singer
by the end of 到。。结束时，末尾时（用于完成时）
eg We had studied English for three years by the end of last term
end with 以…结束
behave v. 举止，表现behave well/ badly 表现好/ 不好，举止良好/ 不好believe v. 相信，认为
believe sb. 相信某人说的话eg. I believe him. 我相信他的话。
believe in sb. 相信/ 信任某人eg. I believe in him. 我相信他。
believe sb. + adj. eg. I believe him honest. 我相信他是诚实的。
believe + 从句eg. I believe that he can do the job well.
belong v. 属于belong to
by prep
by + 交通工具乘······交通工具
1）take a/the 交通工具to sp. 乘······交通工具去某地
=go to sp. by 交通工具
2）on a bike =by bike 骑自行车
on foot 步行
3）on / in + 限定词+交通工具
4）v. +to +sp. e.g. fly to sp.
borrow v. 借，借入，借进
borrow sth.( from sb.) 从某地/ 某人处借... borrow a book (from library) lend vt. 借给
lend sth. to sb./lend sb.sth. 把某物借给某人
eg Excuse me,can I borrow a bike from you?/Can I borrow your bike?
我能借你的自行车吗？
return v 归还，回到
return to sp = go back to sp 回到某地
return sth to sp 把某物还到某地
in return 回报
bow v. 鞠躬
bow to 服从bow to sb’s oppinion 屈从某人的意见
make a bow 鞠躬take a bow 鞠躬答谢
break v. 打破，违背
break into 闯进break away (from …) (从…)逃脱
break into/ to pieces 碎成片break up with sb. 与某人绝交
break sth. off 突然中断、终止某事物break down 汽车抛锚
break out 突然发生eg. Fire broke out last night. 夜间突然失火了。
break through sth. 克服eg. break through the difficulties 克服困难
breathe v 呼吸注意发音
breath n 呼吸
take a deep breath=breathe deeply 深呼吸
breathe in 呼入
breathe out 呼出
be short/out of breath 上气不接下气
bring v. 拿来，取来，带来
bring sth. to sb. = bring sb. sth. 把某物带来给某人
bring sb./ sth. (with one) 带着某物或某人来
eg. He always brings a bottle of wine (with him) when he comes to dinner.
bring sth./ sb. back 送回某人/ 某物
eg. He brought me back in his car last night. 他昨天晚上开车送我回来的。
Please bring back the book to me tomorrow. 请明天把书带来还我。
bring sb. up 培养，养育
eg. He was brought up by his aunt. 他是被他阿姨养大的。
She brought up five children all together. 她总共抚养了5个儿女。
其他用法：bring sth. up 呕吐
bring about 带来，造成bring about great changes 带来巨大变化
bring in 收获（庄稼等）bring in a good harvest 好收成
build v. 建造，建筑
build sth. build a factory 建厂房
build sth. for sb. = build sb. sth.
eg. His father built a model aeroplane for him. = His father built him a model aeroplane.
build sth. of/ from/ out of sth. 用...(材料)建造...
eg. Birds build their nests out of twigs. 鸟儿用细树枝筑巢。
build sth. up 逐渐建立、增加、增强或发展某事物
build up a big library 逐渐建立一座大的图书馆
其他用法：Rome was not built in a day. 罗马不是一天建成的。
burn v. 燃烧，点燃
burn out 烧坏，烧完，烧尽burn down 烧毁
burn away 烧坏，烧掉；（逐渐）消灭，消失
eg. The sunlight has burnt away the haze. 日光使雾消散了。
buy v. 购买，买
buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth.
sell v 卖
sell out 卖光
sell sth. to sb. =sell sb. sth. 卖给某人某物
C
call v. 打电话；称作，取名；呼唤，叫喊；要求，命令
call sb. =give sb. a cal 给某人打电话call + 电话号码打某个电话号码
call sb. at + 电话号码打某个电话号码找某人
call sb. sth. 把某人称为... call him a walking-dictionary 把他称为活字典
call on sb. 拜访某人
call at s.p. 拜访某地
call by 顺便拜访
call for 要求，需要eg. Success calls for hard work. 成功需要努力。
call sth. off 取消或放弃某事
call up 回想起This book calls up happy memories of his childhood. 这本书唤起了他对童年幸福的回忆。called adj. 叫做…的（后置）
be called /named 被叫做
care v. 对...在意，对...在意
take care of sb. 照顾take care of sth. 处理，负责
take care to do sth. 小心，当心take care that 小心
care about 关心He doesn’t care about anything we say.
care to do sth. 愿意做某事(多用于否定句和疑问句)
eg. Would you care to go for a walk? 你愿意去散步吗？
carry v. 搬运，携带
carry sth. with sb. 随身携带carry away 运走，拿走
carry back 运回，拿回，使回想起carry into effect 实现，实行
carry on 继续进行eg. We’ll carry on our discussion tomorrow. 明天继续我们的讨论。
carry sth. too far 做的太过分了
catch v. 赶上（车船等），捕获
catch up with sb. in sth. 在某方面追赶上某人
eg. If you don’t work hard, he will catch up with you in study.
区别：keep up with 跟上，不落后于keep up with him 跟上他
catch sb. doing sth. 逮住某人正在做什么eg. I caught him stealing. 我发现他正在偷东西。
catch up sb’s attention/ eyes 引起某人的注意
I was caught in the rain. 我被雨淋了。
catch (a) cold 伤风；catch fire 着火
cause v. 造成，使发生
cause sth. eg. The cat caused this terrible accident.
cause sb. sth. eg. The new car caused me a lot of troubles.
cause sth. to sb. eg. The new car carsed a lot of troubles to me.
cause sb. to do sth. eg. The illness caused him to miss the game.
其他用法：Take care! 当心！
chat v. 聊天，闲谈chat with sb. 和某人聊天
cheer v
cheer up 使振奋
cheer sb up 使某人高兴
check v. 核对，检查check out 检查，核对，核查
chop v. 剁，砍，劈chop in 插嘴，多嘴
clean v. 打扫，清除
clean sth. up 把...收拾干净
check in 登记
combine v. 结合，组合combine with 和...组合
come v. 来；来到
come after sb. 追赶或追逐某人come back 回来
come from = be from 从...哪里来，来自... come by 从...旁边走过
come down (雨、雪等)落下；(价格)下降
eg. The price of petrol is coming down. 汽油价格正在下跌。
come on 加油
come for 为...而来
eg. I am coming for my books which were lent to you last year.
我为了去年借你的那些书而来。(我想要回去年借给你的书)
come out 出来；发芽
come through 经历（困难等）
come to an end 结束
come up with sb. 赶上，追上
communicate v. 交流，沟通
communicate with sb. 与某人交流
compare v. 比较
初中英语动名词的用法 动名词，即“动词原形+ing ”变成名词使用，具有双重性，既有动词的某些特征，有动词的各种变化形式；又有名词的某些性质，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。同时也能被副词修饰或者支配宾语。 一、动名词的名词的性质 1. 作主语 动名词作为主语有以下几种表现形式： 1) 直接作为主语。 例如： Taking exercise everyday is a good habit. Finding work is difficult these days. Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old. [句中Walking (散步)作为句子主语，直接出现。句意：散步对年轻人和老年人是一项很好的运动。] 2) 用it 作形式主语，真正的主语作为后置主语。 例如： It isn't easy trying to climb the mountain. [ 句中It 作为形式主语，动名词短语trying to do sth. 才是真正的主语。] 能用于上述结构的形容词有：better，wonderful ，enjoyable，interesting，foolish ，
difficult ，useless，senseless，worthwhile 等。但是important, essential, necessary等形容词不能用于上述结构。 用it 代替动名词作形式主语的除了上述句型外，还有一种句型为： It is no use/ useless/ useful/ no good/ great fun/ a waste of time/ nice/ good+ v-ing 例如： It's no use trying to argue with him. 3) “ There be” 的结构 这种句型一般是否定形式，There是引导词，作为形式 主语，动名词做真正主语。意思是“不可能……”。 例如： There is no joking about such matters. 4) 告示或简略的警告用语中，动名词在祈使句中作主语一般是否定的、省略的形式。 例如： No climbing. (No climbing is allowed. ) 5) 组成复合结构动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，可在其前面加上所有 格， 使之变成复合结构，可作为句中主语。 例如：
常用动词习惯用法 1.allow sb to do sth 允许某人去做某事（后接动词不定式） My father allowed me to go out for a walk after finishing my homework. 2.asked sb (not) to do sth 叫某人做事某事（叫某人不要去做某事） My father asked me to study hard. He asked me not to swim alone. be asked to do sth 被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事 I was asked to have a dinner with them yesterday. 3.be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 She is afraid to ask me questions. 4.be afaid of doing sth 害怕做某事 I am afraid of going out at night. 5.be afaid of sth 害怕某物 He is afraid of snakes. 6.be amazed to do sth 对做某事感到惊讶 He was amazed to meet the girl there. be amazed at sth 对某事感到惊讶 they were amazed at the news. 7.be busy doing/with sth 忙于做某事（常考） : I was busy washing my car at that time. 那时候我正忙于清洗我的车子。 I am busy with my work. 8.be coming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying（某些位移动词用进行时态时表将 来） the bus is coming/the dog is dying. 9.be excited to do sth 对做……感到兴奋 Jacky was excited to travel there by plane. be excited at sth Lily was excited at his words. be excited about doing sth he was excited about passing the exam without going overing books. 10.be frightened to do sth 害怕去做某事 Sam is frightened to ride a horse. 11.be glad/happy to do sth 高兴去做某事 she is happy to clean the blackboard with me.
be动词用法 be动词的一般现在时有三种形式，即：am,is,are。 1.如果主语是第一人称I（我）时，be动词用am。 如：I am a student.我是一名学生。 I am还可缩写成I'm。如：I'm David.我是大卫。 2.如果主语是you（你，你们）,they（他们，它们，她们）或名词复数（两个以上的人或物）时，be动词必须用are。如：Are you twelve?你是十二岁吗？ Tom and Lily are good friends.汤姆和莉莉是好朋友。 They are at school. 他们在学校。 These are books. 这些是书。 We are students . 我们是学生。 are与主语还可缩写。 如：We are=We're，They are=They're,You are=You 're。而are与not可缩写成aren't。 如：They aren't students.他们不是学生。 但是am与not不能缩写。 3.如果主语是单数名词、不可数名词或单数第三人称代词（he,she,it）时，be动词用is. 如:My mother is a teacher.我的妈妈是一名老师。 He is a student.他是一名学生。 She is my friend.她是我的朋友。
It is a dog. 它是一只狗。 This is a bike .这是一辆自行车。 That is a cup . 那是一个杯子。 is也可与主语缩写, 如:He is=He's,My mother is=My mother's等。但是This is不可缩写。而is与not可缩写成isn't。 如:This isn't a book.这不是一本书。 [解题过程] 根据以上叙述我们可以把动词的用法以口诀的形式表述出来： 我（I）是am, 你（you）是are, 剩下is留给她（she）,他（he）,它（it）, 两个以上都用are。 be动词用法歌 be动词真伟大，生出is, am, are。 我用am，你用are，is连接他，她，它。 单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。 变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。 变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。 疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 1 用动词be （am，are，is）填空
初中英语动词短语整理 1. break break down出毛病，拆开 break off暂停，中断 break out爆发 2. call call up打电话 call out大喊，高叫 3. come come down下跌，落，降，传下来come in进来 come out出版，结果是 come on来临/ 快点 come along一道来，赶快 come over走过来 come up发芽，走近 come back回来 come from来自，源自 4. cut cut down砍倒，削减 cut up连根拔除，切碎 5. die die of死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因） die from死于（外界原因） die out绝种 6. fall fall behind落后 fall down掉下，跌倒 fall into 落入；陷入 fall off 从。。。掉下 fall out与。。。争吵 7. go go along沿着。。。。走 go through通过，经受 go over复习，检查go up（价格）上涨，建造起来 go against违反 go away离开 go by时间过去 go down降低，（日、月）西沉 go on(with)继续进行 go out外出，熄灭 go off发出响声 8. get get down下来，记下，使沮丧 get on进展，进步，穿上，上车 get off脱下,下车 get away逃跑，逃脱，去休假 get over克服，从疾病中恢复 get along with进展，相处 get up起床 get into (trouble) 陷入困境中 get back取回，收回 get out 出去 get to 到达。。。 9. give give away赠送，泄露，出卖 give out发出，疲劳，分发， give in (to sb.) 屈服 give up放弃，让（座位） 10. hand hand in交上，提交 hand out分发 11.hold hold on to…继续，坚持 hold up举起，使停顿 hold on别挂电话，等，坚持 12. keep keep up with跟上 keep out 不使。。。进入 keep from克制，阻止 keep away from避开，不接近， keep on继续，坚持下来 keep down 使。。。处于低水平 13.knock knock at/on敲 knock into撞到某人身上 14. look look up查找，向上看 look through翻阅，浏览 look after/ at / for 照顾/看/寻找 look out(for)当心 look about / around/round四下查看 look forward to盼望 15. make make up编造，打扮，组成 make into / of / from 制成 16.pass pass by经过 pass down(on)…to传给 17. pay pay back还钱，报复 pay for付钱，因…得到报应 18. pick pick up拾起，接人，站起，收听， pick out挑选，辨认，看出 19. put put up张贴，举起， put out伸出，扑灭 put off推迟 put into放进，翻译 put away放好，存钱 put down记下，平息 put on穿戴，上映， put aside放到一边
初中英语重点动词用法例句A answer n. & v.回答;解决方案;反应 the answer to answer a question 回答问题 solve the problem 解决问题 reply n./v. 答复，回答 reply to a question/letter My penfriend in the USA hasn’t replied to my last three e-mails. Aim v. 瞄准，对准aim at 瞄准，针对（直接的目的）eg.I aimed at the door but hit the window. eg. My remarks were not aim at you. 我的话不是针对你。aim at the target 瞄准目标/ 靶子；aim at a success 志在成功 be aimed at 目的是，旨在,为了；较为委婉 eg.Our marketing campaign should be aimed at young working couples。 我们的行销活动应该针对年轻的上班夫妇. aimed for 瞄准；以…为目标(长久以来的目标) eg.Your whole parenting has aimed for this moment.你这个教育目标就是这一刻 allow v. 允许，准许 allow doing sth. 允许某人做某事eg. We don’t allow
smoking in our house. 在我们家不允许抽烟。 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事eg. They allow her to go to the party. 他们允许她去参加晚会。 allow sb not to do sth不允许某人做某事 注意被动：sb. be allowed to do sth. allow sb. in/ out/ up 允许某人进来/ 出去/ 起来 allow for 考虑到，把……考虑进来，体谅eg.We must allow for his youth. 我们必须体谅他的年轻. (sth ) allow of 容许eg. The situation allows of no dely. 情况不容拖延。 词语拓展：allowance n. 津贴, 补助, 零用钱 permit v. 允许，较为强硬n. 许可证 permit sb.to do sth. permit doing sth. permission n. 允许 annoy v. 使恼怒，使生气 annoy sb. 使某人生气，使某人心烦eg. I was annoyed by his remarks. 他的言论激怒了我。 appear v. 出现；露面；（公开）演出 appear to do 好象是 It appears that + 从句 eg. It appears to me that you are all wrong. 我觉得你们全都
初中英语常见动词短语归纳 A)动词+ 介词 agree with同意......的意见(想法);符合 base on以......(为)根据 listen to听...... get to到达...... fall off (从......)掉下 help ... with ...帮助(某人)做(某事) knock at /on敲(门、窗) laugh at嘲笑 learn ... from ...向......学习 live on继续存在;靠......生活 look after照顾,照看 look at看;观看 look for寻找 look like看起来像 pay for (sth.)付钱;支付 point at指示;指向 point to指向...... prefer to ...宁愿(选择);更喜欢
quarrel with (和某人)吵架 regard ... as ...把......当作......;当作 stop ... from阻止......做...... talk about说话;谈话;谈论 talk with与......交谈 think about考虑 think of认为;想起 B)动词+ 副词 ask for请求;询问 carry on坚持下去;继续下去 cut down砍倒 clean up清除;收拾干净 come down下来;落 come along来;随同 come in进来 come on来吧;跟着来;赶快 come out出来;出现;(花)开;发(芽) come over过来;顺便来访 drop off放下(某物);下车 eat up吃光;吃完 fall behind落在......后面;输给别人 fall down跌倒;从......落下
名词的动词意义和用法大全 ble, ice, duck, flag... 这些简单的英语单词，它们的名词意义就算对初学英语者来说也一定是 小菜一碟，但老外经常把它们当做动词用，它们的动词意义和用法你知道吗? 1. table：名词，桌子;当动词用，是指开会时延期讨论提案等，也就是暂缓审议。(to postpone discussion of a bill or suggestion until future time); 例如： They tabled the motion at the meeting. I made the motion and he seconded it.(我提案，他同意。) (second 这里是动词，意思是 赞成;to second the motion 也就是附议) We are tabling this matter until further notice.(我们延期讨论这件事，以后再说。) 2. pride：名词，荣誉;当动词用，是指感到得意或自豪。(to take pride in something)例如： We prided ourselves on our good work. (我们为自己工作的表现而自豪。) I have long prided myself on being a good teacher. (我一向以身为一名称职的老师師而自豪。) 注意：to pride oneself on和to be proud of 或to take pride in 意思相近，只是用法和后面所跟的介词不同而已。例如： They take great pride in her daughter who is now a famous scientist. I am very proud of being a Chinese. 3. carpet：名词，地毯;当动词用，是覆盖的意思。(to cover something) 例如： The flower girls carpeted the floor with rose petals before the bride's entrance. (新娘进来前，花童将玫瑰花瓣撒满了地板。) During the winter time my roof is carpeted with white snow. (冬天时我家的屋顶盖满了白雪。) 4. floor：名词，地板;当动词用，是踩足汽车的油门，加速开车或使人惊讶。(to press accelerator of a car to the floor in order to speed up; or to astonish someone) 例如：As soon as I saw his gun, I floored my car. (我一见到他有枪，立即踩足油门加速开车。) When you see a police car, don't floor it. (当你看到警车时，別开快车。) The news really floored me; I hadn't been expecting it at all. (这个消息真使我吃惊地不知 所措，这完全出乎我地意料。) 5. top：名词，顶端;做动词用，是做得更好，或高过某人。(to do something better or to be taller than someone) 例如： If he had tried harder, he could have topped his class. (假如他以前用功些，他会在班里(成绩)名列前茅的。) The tax-cut issue will top today's agenda. (减税问题将是今天的主要议题。) Mr. Lin tops me by three inches. (林先生比我高三吋) 6. flag：名词，旗帜;当动词用，是指打旗号或做手势来传达讯息。(to give signal for communication) 例如： When my car broke down, I flagged a police car. (当我的汽车抛锚的时候，我打了个信号招来一辆警车。) The beach life-guards usually flag one another for communication. (海滨救生员通常用旗号 传达讯息。) 7. bridge：名词，桥梁、桥牌;当动词用，是连接或沟通的意思。(to connect) 例如： The parents are trying to bridge the generation gap with their children. (父母都在设法弥合与儿女的代沟。) These tax reforms are attempt to bridge the gap between the rich and poor. (这些税收改革
动词用法总结 方山三中郭秀林 1) 表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 2) 根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词 ( Notional Verb) 、系动词( Link Verb) 、助动词 ( Auxiliary Verb ) 、情态动词( Modal Verb ) 。说明：有 些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如：We are having a meeting. He has gone to New York. (has 是助动词。 ) 3) 动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词(Transitive Verb)、不及物动词(Intransitive Verb), 缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi. 。 说明：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动 词。例如：She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。 (sing 在此用作不及物动词。 ) She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。 ( sing 用作及物动词。 ) 4) 根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词( Finite Verb ) 、非限定动词( Non-finite Verb ) 例如：She sings very well. 她唱得很好。 ( sing 受主语she 的限制，故用第三人称单数形式sings 。 ) She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。 ( to learn 不受主语she 的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。
说明：英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式(Infinitive ) 、动名词 (Gerund) 、分词( Participle ) 。 5) 动词有五种形态，分别是：原形(Orig in al Form )、 第三人称单数形式我们正在开会。 ( having 是实义动词。 ) 他已去纽约。 (Singular From in Third Personal ) 过去式、 ( Past Form) 过去分词、( Past Participle ) 、现在分词 ( Present Participle ) 。 5.1 系动词? 系动词亦称联系动词( Link Verb) ，作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语 (亦称补 语) ，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 说明：有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语，例如：He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天 病了。 ( fell 是系动词，后跟补足语，说明主语情况。 ) He fell off the ladder. 他从梯子上摔下来。fell 是实义动词， 单独作谓语。 1) 状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be 一词，例如：He is a teacher. 2) 持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度， 主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如：He always kept silent at meeting. This matter rests a mystery.
初中英语动词用法总结-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1
初中英语高频动词用法汇总 2017-01-05 期末考试马上就到了，当同学们每次遇到选填 to do, doing 还是 do 形式的题目时，脑海中的反应大概都是“to do 好像通，不对，应该是 doing，还是填原形do 呢” 下面这些初中阶段高频出现的一些动词用法，让你从此告别看到 to do, doing, do 就一脸懵的囧状。 加 to do 的高频考察动词 1. afford to do 负担的起做某事 We can’t afford to make any mistakes.我们承担不起任何失误。 2. agree to do 同意做某事 Do you agree to have dinner today? 今天你同意一块吃饭吗？ 3. choose to do 选择做某事 Why do so many choose to leave their country? 为什么有这么多人要离开祖国 4. decide to do 决定做某事 She decided to accept the offer. 她决定接受这一提议。 5. expect to do 期待做某事 The shop expects to make more money this year. 这家店铺期望今年多赚点钱。 6. hope to do 希望做某事 I hope to see you again sometime next year. 我希望明年某一时候再见到你。 7. hurry to do 急忙做某事 We shall have to hurry to get there in time. 我们将不得不及时赶到那。 8. manage to do 设法做成某事 How do you manage to do such a thing? 你是怎么设法做这样的事 9. plan to do 打算做某事 Where do you plan to spend your holiday? 你打算去哪里度假？ 10. prefer to do 宁愿做某事 I prefer to travel in the front of the car. 我宁愿坐在汽车的前面。 11. refuse to do 拒绝做某事 I refuse to answer that question. 我不愿回答那个问题。
初中英语常考动词短语梳理 动词短语通常有4种构成：动词+介词、动词+副词、动词+名词、Be动词结构。其考查会在各种题型中出现，我们将常考的动词短语按首字母顺序整理如下。Be 动词结构be able to do 能够做……be afraid to do(内心)害怕\不敢做某事be afraid of doing担心出现doing的状况、结果be angry with 对……生气be at home = stay at home 待在家里be back/in/out 回来/在家/外出be bad for 对……有害be busy doing/with sth忙于做……(忙 于……) be careful of 当心，注意，仔细be covered with 被……覆盖be different from与……不同be famous/known as 作为……出名be famous/known for 以……而著名be free 空闲的，有空be friendly/kind to对……友好be from = come from 来自…，什么地方人be full of/filled with装满……be good at= do well in 擅长于…be good for对……有好处be (ill) in bed 卧病在床be interested in 对……感兴趣be in trouble 处于困境中be late for 迟到be mad at 对……生气be made from/of 由……制成be made in 在……地方制造be made up of由……构成be on 在进行，在上演，（灯）亮着be pleased with 对…感到高兴be polite/impolite to对某人有礼貌/不礼貌be popular with 受……欢迎；be proud of对……感到自豪be ready for 为……作好准备be satisfied with对……感到满意（高兴）be surprised (at) 对……感到惊讶be strict in sth.对某事严格be strict with sb.对某人严格be supposed to do sth.应该做某事be used for doing被用来做某事be used to do被用来做某事be used to doing 习惯于be worried about =be anxious about 担忧 A--C aim at 针对…agree with sb. 同意某人的意见或建议ask for请求、索要ask for a day off请一天假add…to…把…和…加起来achieve a victory 取得胜利arrive in到达﹙大地方﹚arrive at到达﹙小地方﹚argue with 与…争吵apologize to 向…道歉break up with sb.与某人断绝关系break out 爆发break down 出毛病，拆开break off解散，解雇break the rule违规break into破门而入believe in信任begin/start with以…开始belong to属于… built…into…把…建成…base on以…为基础borrow… from…向…
初中英语动词用法 A act v. 表演，演戏 act as sb./ sth. 充任某角色，担任某工作 I don’t understand English, so you have to act as my interpreter(翻译)。 其他用法：act for 代表某人，代理某人的职位 During her illness, her lawyer has been acting for her in her business. 在她生病期间，她的律师一直代理她的业务。 add v. (1)加，增加，添加 add sth. to sth. 往...里添加... eg. If the tea is too strong, add some water to it. eg. He added his signature to the petition(请愿书)。 add A and B (together) 加eg. If you add 5 and 5, you get 10. add to sth. 增加某事物eg. The bad weather only add to our difficulties. 这种坏天气更增加了我们的困难。 (2) 补充；继续说eg. “I’ll come here later.’’ he added. add in 包括...在内eg. Don’t forget add me in. 别忘了把我算上。 add up 合计，加起来 add up to 总计达到 add fuel to the fire 火上浇油 afford v. 负担得起（...的费用，损失，后果），买得起；抽得出时间 （常与can, could, be able to 连用） afford sth. eg. I’d love to go on holiday but I can’t afford the time. eg. They walked because the can’t afford a taxi. afford to do sth. eg. They walked because they can’t afford to take a taxi. eg. I have to work hard because I can’t afford to loose my job. agree v. 同意，赞同 agree with sb. 同意某人的意见eg. I agree with you. agree on + 表示具体协议的文件、计划、行动的词eg. We agreed on the plan. agree to do sth. 同意做某事eg. We agreed to start early. agree that + 宾语从句eg. She agreed that I was right. 其他用法：agree with sb. (尤用于否定或疑问句) （对某人的健康或胃口）适合 I like mushrooms but unfortunately they don’t agree with me. 我喜欢吃蘑菇，可惜吃了以后难受。 The humid climate in the south didn’t agree with him. 他不适应南方潮湿的气候。 aim v. 瞄准，对准aim at 瞄准，针对 aim at the target 瞄准目标/ 靶子；aim at a success 志在成功 eg. My remarks were not aim at you. 我的话不是针对你。 allow v. 允许，准许 allow doing sth. eg. We don’t allow smoking in our house. 在我们家不允许抽烟。 allow sb. to do sth. eg. They allow her to go to the party. 他们允许她去参加晚会。 allow sb. in/ out/ up 允许某人进来/ 出去/ 起来 annoy v. 使恼怒，使生气 annoy sb. 使某人生气，使某人心烦eg. I was annoyed by his remarks. 他的言论激怒了我。
常用动词习惯用法 1.allowsbtodosth允许某人去做某事（后接动词不定式） 2.askedsb(not)todosth叫某人做事某事（叫某人不做某事） beaskedtodosth被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事 3.beafraidtodosth害怕做某事 4.beafaidofdoingsth害怕做某事 5.beafaidofsth害怕某物 6.beamazedtodosth对做某事感到惊讶 7.bebusydoing/withsth忙于做某事（常考） 8.becoming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying（某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来） 9.beexcitedtodosth对做??感到兴奋 10.befrightenedtodosth害怕去做某事 11.beglad/happytodosth高兴去做某事 12.beinterestedinsth/doingsth对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣 13.be/getreadyfor/todosth 14.besorrytodosth对做某事感到抱歉 15.besurprisedtodosth对做某事感到惊奇 besurprisedatsth对某事感到惊奇 16.beworthdoingsth值得做某事（worth后接动词-ing形式，常考） 17.begintodosth开始做某事 begin/starttodo/doingsth 18.can/beabletoafford(tobuy)sth有能力购买（供）?? 19.can/may/mustdosthcould/would/should/mightdosth 20.can’twaittodosth迫不急待地去做某事 21.decidetodosth决定去做某事 makeupone’smindtodosth下决心去做某事（常考） makeadecisiontodosth对做某事作出决定 22.deservetodosth值得/应该做?? 23.encouragesbtodosth鼓励某人去做某事 24.enjoydoingsth乐意去做某事 25.expect(sb)todosth期望去做某事 26.failtodosth做某事失败 succeeddoingsth成功做了某事 27.finishdoingsth做完某事（后接动词-ing形式）（常考） 28.followsbtodosth跟随某人去做某事 29.getsbtodosth makesbdosth letsbdosth
初中英语常见动词短语归纳A)动词+ 介词 agree with同意......的意见(想法);符合 base on以......(为)根据 listen to听...... get to到达...... fall off (从......)掉下 help ... with ...帮助(某人)做(某事) knock at /on敲(门、窗) laugh at嘲笑 learn ... from ...向......学习 live on继续存在;靠......生活
look after照顾,照看 look at看;观看 look for寻找 look like看起来像 pay for (sth.)付钱;支付 point at指示;指向 point to指向...... prefer to ...宁愿(选择);更喜欢 quarrel with (和某人)吵架 regard ... as ...把......当作......;当作 stop ... from阻止......做...... talk about说话;谈话;谈论
talk with与......交谈 think about考虑 think of认为;想起 B)动词+ 副词 ask for请求;询问 carry on坚持下去;继续下去 cut down砍倒 clean up清除;收拾干净 come down下来;落 come along来;随同 come in进来 come on来吧;跟着来;赶快
come out出来;出现;(花)开;发(芽) come over过来;顺便来访 drop off放下(某物);下车 eat up吃光;吃完 fall behind落在......后面;输给别人 fall down跌倒;从......落下 find out查出(真相) get back回来;取回 get down下来;落下;把......取下来 get off下来;从......下来 get on上(车) get up起床
初中英语动词知识点：动态动词与静态动词 根据词义特点，动词可分为动态动词和静态动词。动态动词主要指动作动词，而静态动词则主要指表示情感、内心活动、感觉、相互关系等的动词： He wrote some letters. 他写了一些信。(write 为动态动词) The girls are dancing. 女孩子们在跳舞。(dance 为动态动词) I think he is honest. 我认为他是诚实的。(think 和is均为静态动词) Everyone likes her. 人人都喜欢她。(like 为静态动词) 有的动词既可用作静态动词也可用作动态动词，只是含义不同： He has a lot of friends. 他有许多朋友。(have为静态动词) He is having supper. 他在吃晚饭。(have为动态动词) 实义动词与非实义动词 根据其含义和句子功用，动词可分为实义动词和非实义动词(包括时态助动词和情态助动词等)。如： He bought a story book. 他买了一本故事书。(buy 为实义动词) He has read the story book. 他已读过这本故事书。(has 为时态助动词，read为实意动词) He should read the story book. 他应该读读这本故事书。(should 为情态助动词,red为实义动词) 初中英语动词知识点：及物动词与不及物动词 根据其后是否带宾语，动词可分为及物动词(带宾语)和不及物动词(不带宾语)。如： When will he arrive? 他什么时候到？(arrive 不带宾语，为不及物动词) He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。(reach 带了宾语，为及物动词) 有的动词既可用作及物动词也可用作不及物动词： The child is playing. 这小孩在玩。（不及物用法） The child is playing the piano. 这小孩在弹钢琴。（及物用法） He is writing. 他在写字。（不及物用法） He is writing a letter. 他在写信。（及物用法） The boy is reading. 这男孩在阅读。（不及物用法）The boy is reading a magazine. 这男孩在看杂志。（及物用法） 初中英语动词知识点：谓语动词与非谓语动词 根据其是否能用作谓语，动词可分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。谓语动词在句中可用作谓语，而非谓语动词则不用作谓语(但可用作主语、宾语、补语、状语、定语等)。非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词、分词三种：He lives in Shanghai. 他住在上海。(live 为谓语动词) I want to go home. 我想回家。(want 为谓语动词，to go 为非谓语动词) He enjoyed watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。(enjoy为谓语动词，watching为非谓语动词) He had his hair cut. 他理发了。(had 为谓语动词，cut 为非谓语动词) 初中英语知识点：动词的分类及基本形式 英语动词的分类及基本形式 动词的分类 表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为行为动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词四类，有些动词是兼类词。如： We have lunch at 12. 我们12点吃午饭。(have是行为动词) We have been to New York. 我们去过纽约。(have是助动词) W I am hungry. 我饿了。(am是连系动词) She was beaten on the way home. 她在回家的路上被人打了。(was是助动词) You needn’t have waited for me. 你本来不必等我。(need 是情态动词) The door needs painting. 这个门需要油漆了。(needs及物动词) 动词的基本形式 绝大多数动词都有五种基本形式：动词原形、一般现在时第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。 A. 第三人称单数形式的构成 一般现在时主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词后要加s或es，其变化规则与名词变复数的方法大体相同： 1. 一般情况下只在动词后加s，如work—works, write —writes。 2. 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词，后加es，如guess—guesses, mix—mix, finish—finishes, catch—catches。 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为ies，如study —studies。 注：不规则变化的有have—has, be—is, go—goes, do—does等。 B. 现在分词的构成 1. 一般情况下在动词后加ing，如study—studying, work —working。 2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e再加ing， 如write—writing, move—moving。 3. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读音节结尾的 动词，要双写末尾一个辅音字母，再加ing，如get—getting, begin—beginning。 4. 以ie结尾的名词，一般将ie改为y，再加ing，如lie —lying, die—dying, tie—tying。 注：(A) 以l结尾的动词，尾音节重读时，双写l，如 1